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electrical appliance electrical plan method of wiring sequence of supply control regulations/standard being applied

INTRODUCTION KJC 325 is a building service subject that teach us how to manage and learn how to recognize the part and the system are used in the building. In this project, we construct project to design a quarters house 3 phase wiring installation. But we just make a anlysis in one house because all the design is same.Each house have 3 bedroom,1 kitchen room,2 toilet room,1 dining room,1balcony,1 living hall and 1 stor,in each house just need single phase wiring installation.The location for this plan is been secured due to certain reasons.

recessed down light

mounted/surface down light

METHOD OF WIRING Conduit system In this electrical wiring plan, we used metal and non-metal tube which a PVC tube. This is used to provide protection to the cables and it is a permit for wiring. The tube act as earth conductor if the conduit is a metal. The size of conductor used is based on the current capacity. Cable is used to connect to the source energy to electric loads. In the conduit system, they have three component cables which is conductor, insulation and mechanical protection.

Conductor Type: cooper Size: 1.5mm, 2.5mm and 4mm We chose this type of conductor because it is durable and the conductivity is better than aluminium. This type is commonly used in construction. The size is based on the current carrying. copper has low resistance where it is a good material and can make electron move easily. Copper has low cross-section area that can save our cost of installation wiring. Insulation Type: PVC Its specific name is Polyvinyl Chloride. This type of insulation is commonly used for low and medium voltage. It made of synthetic rubber where the max temperature is 65c and it will easily bended if the temperature more than that. PVC unaffected by water, acids, oils and soils and can be safely buried in concrete, plaster or lime. PVC is light, smooth and easy to install and will not ignite.

Mechanical protection Type: light-gauge steel conduit (Grade A) This type usually used for low-voltage (not exceeding 250 V) installation. The conduit made up from steel strip with the joint welded, brazed or butted, the latter known as close-conduit. This conduit is protected from corrosion inside and outside by black bituminous enamel paint. The conduit cannot be formed into bend shape because of the thin tube wall, therefore special bends have to be used. Fitting for this type of conduit are elbows and tees by mean of a lug-grip connection, which is tightened on to the conduit. All black enameling must be removed before the fitting to ensure earth continuity Method of securing conduit The conduit can be secured by using saddles (hospital saddles, space bar, plain) crampet. We also secured the conduit in the concrete and timber floor.

SEQUENCES OF SUPPLY CONTROL Ring-circuit A ring circuit is a final sub-circuit. The power ring start and finishing at the consumer board. It is a multi-core cable carrying live, neutral and earth, looping in and out of the socket in each room. Appliances plugged into the socket are in parallel. The circuit being connected to a 30A, 20A, 10A and 6A miniature circuit-breaker(MCB) or a fuse. If a metal conduit system is used the earth wire is unnecessary, providing that the conduit joints are electrically sound and the conduit is earthed. It is permissible to cut the conductors where they loop into the terminals of the socket outlets, providing that the joint are electrically sound. A large house might have a power ring to the high-load appliances in the kitchen and separate power in to the each floor.

Earth leakage circuit-breaker (ELCB) A circuit-breaker which disconnect the supply when the voltage or current with respect to earth, reaches a predetermined limit. The current will operate with no direct earthling connection. 2 types of ELCB, there are 1- and 3-. The operation are as follow : 1. when the live and neutral current balance, they produce same and opposite fluxes in transformer. 2. when the earthed metalwork flow of current passing through the earth, more current flow in live side than neutral and make out of balance flux detected by fault-detector coil. Fuse and MCB Needed for safety reason. Its function is to cut out current due to excess current at certain temperature excess and produce heat and smoke. The advantages of using the fuses are as follow : Cheap Replaceable Other circuit can still be used Unlike the miniature circuit breaker (MCB) when excess current occur, the MCB will cut the circuit and can be adjust to its original position. Earthing The fuse protects the circuit but earth primarily protect the user. A loose wire make the outer casing of an appliance live. Provide the casing has its own low-resistance connection back to earth, the circuit will immediately complete, short circuiting and blowing the fuse on the live side, and making system safe.

METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION This house use a radial System in method of ditribution.The service to subsidiary distribution panels originate from the main intake panel.Main panel consists of a main switche connected to fused switches through bus-bar chamber.Feeder cables run from the main intake panel to subsidiarydistribution panels located at point in the building or separate building.

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE Equipment Downlight fitting, 26W Fluo fitting, 18W Fluo fitting, 36W Ceiling fan fitting Single gang SSO, 13A Twin SSO, 13A (ring CCT) SSO for AC, 15A Quantity 16 3 1 5 8 3 1

DIVERSITY FACTOR The rate of current that passes through a cable or electrical equipment with assumption that not all loads used at the same time. Singlestory house 1 , 240V EQUIPMENT Downlight fitting, 26W Fluo fitting, 18W Fluo fitting, 36W Ceiling fan fitting, 100W Single gang SSO, 13A Twin SSO, 13A (ring CCT) SSO for AC, 15A

TOTAL LOAD 1.73A 0.23A 0.15A 2.08A 104A 39A 15A

FACTOR LOAD 1.14A 0.15A 0.1A 1.37A 49.4A 23.4A 15A

D.F = factored current Total current D.F = 90.56A_ x 100= 55.8% 162.19A

CALCULATION :

16, 26W recessed down light Total Load P = 26 x 16 = 416w I = P/V = 416 / 240 = 1.73A Factor Load 66% x 1.73 = 1.14A

3, 18W surface down light Total Load P = 18 x 3 = 54w I = P/V = 54 / 240 = 0.23A Factor load 66% x 0.23 = 0.15A

1, 36W surface down light Total Load P = 36 x 1 = 36w I = P/V = 36 / 240 = 0.15A Factor load 66% x 0.15 = 0.1A

1-gang 13A socket Total Load I = 8 13 = 104A Factor load 1 100/100 13 = 13 A 7 13 40/100 = 36.4 A = 49.4 A

Twin SSO 13A socket Total Load I = 3 13 = 39A Factor load 1 100/100 13 = 13 A 2 13 40/100 = 10.4 A = 23.4 A

SSO for AC socket Total Load I = 1 15 = 15A Factor load 1 100/100 15 = 15 A

SIZE OF CABLE : The size of conductor used is based on the current capacity. Cable is used to connect to the source energy to electric loads. In the conduit system, they have three component cables which is conductor, insulation and mechanical protection. Factors that influence the size of cable : Drop in voltage Variation factor Wiring system Surrounding Temperature Type of Cable Incoming cable length : From table 9D1 from the manual book; area = 70 mm2 Maximum nominal voltage = 4% = 4/100 voltage = 4/100 240 = 9.6 V Total Factor Load = 90.56A Incoming cable length Then voltage drop = total load voltage drop from table 9D1 Length 9.6 = 90.56 0.00062 L L= 138m Calculation of length cable: At L / R3 4 NOS PLC 18w surface down light P = 418W =72W I = 72/415 =0.17A Current =0.17 21A Voltage drop =4/100415=16.6A From table 9D1: area of cable =2.5mm2 Voltage drop=I voltage drop from table 9D1 length 16.6=210.015L L=52.7m

REGULATION/STANDARD BEING APPLIED all electrical wiring installation works shall comply to the latest edition of IEE wiring regulations all wiring works shall meet the SESCO standard practice requirement, to be tested and approve by SESCO all concealed conduit used shall be of high impact UPVC bomba approve type all exposed/surface run conduit shall be of G.I type