EIGRP( Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) )

Purpose of RTP: Used by EIGRP to transmit and receive EIGRP packets Characteristics of RTP: Involves both reliable & unreliable delivery of EIGRP packet Packets can be sent unicast and Multicast Neighbors learn about new routes, unreachable routes, and rediscovered routes through exchange of these packets: Hello: Unicast to discover neighbor, timers, unreliable Acknowledgement: in reply to Update, request, reply Update: 1) Unicast If a new neighbor is found 2) Multicast to indicate routing change Query: Unicast or multicast, to request info about neighbor or new successor Reply : Reply to a query and always uni-cast.

METRIC: EIGRP uses a composite metric value to determine the best path to a destination.
[ K1 * bandwidth + (K2*bandwidth)/(256-load)+K3]*delay] * [K5/(reliability+K4)]

Network Summerisation: Its basically the operation at which you summarize different subnets into
a single larger subnet which gets advertised to neighboring routers to conserve router resources.

If a single route goes down that is contained within a summary route, updates are not sent throughout the entire routed domain. Only the router advertising the summary route will know that the more specific route has went down. For EIGRP, this will prevent unwanted queries and potentially SIA in the EIGRP autonomous system. Router Authentication:1) Implement security to the routing protocol by supporting authentication. 2) A router authenticates the source of each routing update packet that it receives. 3) Prevent false routing updates from updating the routing table MD5 authentication: This authentication is secure, as described in RFC 1321. This authentication does not include confidentiality (content not encrypted). The router generates a message digest. The message digest is sent with the packet.

The key is not sent.

Requirements for EIGRP Authentication: IGRP AS number Authentication mode One or more keys Key lifetimes (optional)
key chain routerR1chain key 1 key-string firstkey accept-lifetime 04:00:00 Jan 1 2009 infinite send-lifetime 04:00:00 Jan 1 2009 04:00:00 Jan 31 2009 key 2 key-string secondkey

ip authentication mode eigrp 110 md5 ip authentication key-chain eigrp 110 routerR1chain show ip eigrp neighbors: used to view neighbor table and verify that EIGRP has established adjacencies with neighbors show ip protocols: command is also used to verify that EIGRP is enabled show ip route: command is also used to verify EIGRP. EIGRP automatically summarizes routes at major network boundary The Null0 Summary Route By default, EIGRP uses the Null0 interface to discard any packets that match the parent route but do not match any of the child routes DUAL Purpose of DUAL: To prevent routing loops Successor: Primary route to a destination Feasible successor: Backup route to a destination Feasible distance: Lowest calculated metric to a destination Reported distance: The distance towards a destination as advertised by an upstream neighbor