Synopsis of project work

Student Name: Gurjit Singh Roll no: 803406 Class: B.Tech (Mechanical) 8th Sem Training: Guru Gobind Singh Refinery Bathinda (PB.)

Dhaval engineering ltd. leader in Manufacturing Process like Mechanical Maintenance, Fabrication & Erection of piping/structures & commissioning/pre commissioning of plants & equipments, ere action of static & rotary equipments, erection & removal of steel scaffolding. Dhaval engineering ltd was established in the year 1992 to provide complete solution to Industrial Maintenance, Fabrication and Pipeline Erection Works. We are the most sought after service providers in this sector because of our high quality standards and reasonable pricing. On more than one occasion, we have completed works before schedule within estimated costs. Our involvement in prestigious projects all over India has allowed us to gain valuable experience in improving the quality standards and efficiency. For a well managed approach towards incorporation of new ideas and changes, we have established R & D department in the organization. This department provides valuable inputs in increasing the operational efficiency and market performance. The organization has its main office located in Vadodra, Gujarat. This office serves as a central control for all our activities throughout nation. We have developed a team of quality controllers, which maintains constant coordination with on site engineers and workers to keep track of all operations. Our mentor Mr. Dhaval Mehta is a dynamic person with big vision. He has been a source of inspiration in every sphere of the business. His constant support and guidance has been instrumental in organizations success. Basic profile Business Service Provider Type Ownership & Capital Year of 1992 Establishment Ownership Sole Proprietorship (Individual) Type Trade & Market Major Indian Subcontinent Markets Annual Turnover US$ 1-10 Million (or Rs. 4-40 Crore Approx.) Team & Staff 501 Company Profile Total Number of Employees to 1000 People

Project Name:
PROBLEMS IN SHELL & TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER AND REMEDIES.

INTRODUCTION
We look up a project on heat exchanger, which is static equipment at Hindustan Petroleum corporation limited and mittal energy limited refinery Bathinda.. Heat exchanger may be defined as equipment which transfers the energy from a hot fluid to a cold fluid with maximum rate and minimum investment and running cost. It is used to reduce temperature of one process fluid, which is desirable cool ,by transferring heat to another fluid which is desirable to heat without inter mixing the fluid or changing the physical state of the fluid Heating is a vital operation in the petroleum and chemical refinery. Hence failure of a heat exchanger result ineffective transfer of energy. Normal operation of heat exchanger usually requires little operator attention .However, operating life of a heat exchanger can be drastically curtailed by improper start up and shut down practices. So properly planed executed maintenance schedule is in dispensable for very industries having heat exchangers on their main equipment in their process plant. A detailed maintenance schedule of plant and machinery of an industry involves mainly monitoring without disturbing the operation of the plant as a whole. A project titled "Problems in of shell and tube heat exchanger and remedies presents an over view on different types of heat exchangers, their purposes advantages and disadvantages and the maintenance procedure adopted for smooth operation of the heat exchanger. The operation of heat exchanger involves the production of diesel from REACTOR COLUMN. The case study deals with various problems in heat exchanger and how to prevent them & maintains activities are checked and then proper solutions are given to improve the effectiveness of heat exchanger.

A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it. One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids. The set of tubes is called a tube bundle, and may be composed by several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc. Operation of Heat exchanger: Two fluids, of different starting temperatures, flow through the heat exchanger. One flows through the tubes (the tube side) and the other flows outside the tubes but inside the shell (the shell side). Heat is transferred from one fluid to the other through the tube walls, either from tube side to shell side or vice versa. The fluids can be either liquids or gases on either the shell or the tube side. In order to transfer heat efficiently, a large heat transfer area should be used, leading to the use of many tubes. In this way, waste heat can be put to use. This is an efficient way to conserve energy. Heat exchangers with only one phase (liquid or gas) on each side can be called one-phase or single-phase heat exchangers. Two-phase heat exchangers can be used to heat a liquid to boil it into a gas (vapor), sometimes called boilers, or cool a vapor to condense it into a liquid (called condensers), with the phase change usually occurring on the shell side. Boilers in steam engine locomotives are typically large, usually cylindrically-shaped shelland-tube heat exchangers. In large power plants with steam-driven turbines, shell-andtube surface condensers are used to condense the exhaust steam exiting the turbine into condensate water which is recycled back to be turned into steam in the steam

Generator

Applications and Uses The simple design of a shell and tube heat exchanger makes it an ideal cooling solution for a wide variety of applications. One of the most common applications is the cooling of Hydraulic Fluid and oil in engines, transmissions and hydraulic power packs. With the right choice of materials they can also be used to cool or heat other mediums, such as swimming pool water or charge air. One of the big advantages of using a shell and tube heat exchanger is that they are often easy to service, particularly with models where a floating tube bundle (where the tube plates are not welded to the outer shell) is available. Problems in heat exchanger Shell & tube exchanger during operation suffered from various problems with which its Performance effected, Mainly a heat exchanger subjected to following problems. Fouling Leaks Corrosion Vibration & stress Design deficiencies