(phi)1

(phi)c

=
=
=
=
=

kVAr 2

The load is running at iniatial power factor

Required to be corrected power factor
kilovolt amperes reactant
Total connected load
After diversity maximum demand

= TCL x [tan (phi)1 - tan (phi)c]

= 50.00
=
= 0
= 0.80

kiloWatt
kVA

Short Cicuirt Current Calculation

Formula:

kxS
t

Where:
= Short circuit current (Amps)
I
= Copper area of conductor (mm)
S
= Duration of short circuit current (seconds)
t
up to 5 seconds maximum
= Constant to allow for an initial temperature
k
of 90 C & final conductor temperature of 250 C
= 143

90.0
1

= 12,870.00 Amps

Notes:
1

The formula given is based on the cables being fullly loaded at the start of a short
circuit (conductor temperature 90 C) and a final conductor temperature of 250 C.

It shound be ensured that the accessories associated with the cables are also
capable of operation at these values of fault current and temperature.

Voltage Drop Calculation:

Data:
total connected load:

50.00
440
3
60
295
90%

Operating Voltage:

Phase:

Frequency:

Total Distance:

Power Factor:

KiloWatt
Volts

Hz
Feet

8,997.70
90.00

cm
meter

I full load = (KW x 1,000)/^0.5xVxPF)

I full load

Proposed Wire Size:

V drop = ((2xK) x L x Ifull load)/ d

72.90

90.0

87%

Amps

mm

Where:
K = Resistance of conductor per foot
12 for circuits loaded more than 50% of conductor

12

11

18

current carrying capacity

11 for circuit loaded not more than 50% of conductor
current carrying capacity
18 for aluminum conductors
L = length of conductor,(feet)
I = Full Load current
d = cross-section of conductor in Circular - Mill
0.0005067 mm per Cir-Mil

V drop

% V drop

177619.8934 CM

2.31889387 volts

0.47%

Notes:
1. Voltage Drop shall not exceed 3% of operating voltage
2. Increase of conductor as necessary to limit voltage drop to < 3%

0.0005067

Table 4.8 Current rating of mineral insulated cables clipped

directVolt drops for mineral insulated cables

Table 4.9 Volt drops for mineral insulated cabl

(from [Tables 4G1B &4G2B] of BS 7671:2008)

(from [Tables 4G1B & 4G2A] of BS 7671:2008

Cross-sec

p.v.c sheath

p.v.c sheath

p.v.c sheath

area

2xsingle/twin

3 core

3 x single

(A)

(A)

(A)

(A)

(A)

(mm)

bare sheath

bare sheath

2xsingle/twin 2xsingle/twin

Cross-sec

Single-phase Single-phase

area

p.v.c sheath

bare

(mm)

(mV/A/m)

(mV/A/m)

1.0

(500V)

18.5

15.0

17.0

22.0

21.0

1.0

42.0

47.0

1.5

(500V)

23.0

19.0

21.0

28.0

27.0

1.5

28.0

31.0

2.5

(500V)

31.0

26.0

29.0

38.0

36.0

2.5

17.0

19.0

4.0

(500V)

40.0

35.0

38.0

51.0

47.0

4.0

10.0

12.0

1.0

(750V)

19.5

16.0

18.0

24.0

24.0

6.0

7.0

7.8

1.5

(750V)

25.0

21.0

23.0

31.0

30.0

10.0

4.2

4.7

2.5

(750V)

34.0

28.0

31.0

42.0

41.0

16.0

2.6

3.0

4.0

(750V)

45.0

37.0

41.0

55.0

53.0

6.0

(750V)

57.0

48.0

52.0

70.0

67.0

10.0

(750V)

77.0

65.0

70.0

96.0

91.0

16.0

(750V)

102.0

86.0

92.0

127.0

119.0

Formula:

VDrop

(mV/A/m(for selected cable))(

1000

for mineral insulated cables

4G1B &4G2B] of BS 7671:2008)

Three-phase Three-phase
p.v.c sheath

bare

(mV/A/m)

(mV/A/m)

36.0

40.0

24.0

27.0

14.0

16.0

9.1

10.0

6.0

6.8

3.6

4.1

2.3

2.6

(mV/A/m(for selected cable))(IF)(L)

1000

Approximate Diameter
Approximate
Cable weight

Conductor Area
Under Armour
mm

mm

1.5 *
2.5 *
4*
6*
10 *
16 *
25
35
50
70
95
120
150
185
240
300
400

9.1
10.6
11.4
13
15
18
20
22.8
25.5
29.5
33.5
37.5
41.5
46
52.5
57.5
65

Armour wire Dia

Overall

mm
mm
kg / km
600 / 1000 V Copper Power Cables
0.9
13.5
380
0.9
14.5
445
0.9
17
550
1.25
18.5
770
1.25
20.5
1020
1.25
23.5
1320
1.6
26.1
1840
1.6
28.6
2310
1.6
32
2970
2
37.7
4240
2
41.7
5400
2.5
47.1
7000
2.5
51.4
8350
2.5
56.6
10130
2.5
63
12840
2.5
68.8
15530
3.15
78.1
19950

Maximum armour
resistance at 20
C

Maximum
conductor
resistance at 20
C

Ohm / km

Ohm / km

8.8
7.7
6.8
4.3
3.7
3.1
2.3
2
1.8
1.2
1.1
0.76
0.68
0.61
0.54
0.49
0.35

12.1
7.41
4.61
3.08
1.83
1.15
0.727
0.524
0.387
0.268
0.193
0.153
0.124
0.0991
0.0754
0.0601
0.047

Free Air (method 13)

CURRENT
RATING

Volt Drop Per

Amp per Metre

Amp
mV
Three Phase a.c.
25
27
33
16
44
10
56
6.8
78
4
99
2.5
131
1.65
162
1.15
197
0.87
251
0.6
304
0.45
353
0.37
406
0.3
463
0.26
546
0.21
628
0.185
728
0.165

Enclosed in conduit (method 30)

Nominal
Conductor Area

Radial Thickness
of Insuation

Mean Overall
Diameter (upper
limit)

Approximate
Cable Weight

Maximum
conductor
Resistance at
20C

mm

mm

mm

kg/km

ohm/km

amp

mV/A/m

amp

mV/A/m

1.5
2.5
4
6
10
16
25
35
50
70
95
120
150
185
240
300
400
500
630

0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
1
1
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.8

3.4
4.1
4.7
5.4
7
8
10.1
11.3
13
15
17
19
21
23.5
26.5
29.5
34.3
38.2
42.5

22
33
49
69
116
175
274
367
495
699
968
1164
1413
1828
2320
2988
3700
4750
6000

12.1
7.41
4.61
3.08
1.83
1.15
0.727
0.524
0.387
0.268
0.193
0.153
0.124
0.0991
0.0754
0.0601
0.047
0.0366
0.0283

22
30
40
51
71
95
126
156
189
240
290
336
375
426
500
573
683
783
900

31
19
12
7.9
4.7
2.9
1.9
1.35
1.05
0.75
0.58
0.48
0.43
0.37
0.33
0.31
0.29
0.28
0.27

19
26
35
45
63
85
111
138
168
214
259
299
328
370
433
493
584
666
764

27
16
10
6.8
4
2.5
1.65
1.15
0.9
0.65
0.5
0.42
0.37
0.32
0.29
0.27
0.25
0.24
0.23

Three or Four
Two cables,
Three or Four
Two cables,
cables, Three
Single phase a.c.
Cables, Three
Single phase a.c.
phase a.c. Volt
Volt Drop per
Phase a.c Current
Current Rating
Drop per Amp per
Amp per Metre
Rating
Metre

Single - core PVC insulated, non armoured, stranded copper conductors

( BS 6004 & BS 6346 )
Size of cables, in 'concealed' conduits
Max. rating of'
2 x 1C, 1 Phase
3/4 x 1C, 3 Phase
MCB / MCCB
mm
mm
(A)
1.5
1.5
10
2.5
2.5
15
4
4
20
6
6
25
6
10
30
10
16
40
16
25
50
25
35
60
35
50
80
70
100
95
125
120
150

Max. Load
current / demand
(A)
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
80
100
125
150

Edition 16 IEE wiring regulation

Current demand calculation

where:

P
V
P.F

=
=
=

1500 kw
440 volt
90%

2186.9

amp

Fault Current Calculation

where:

I
t
k

= 2186.9 amp
=
0.2 sec
= 143

100
100
25
25

%
%
%
%

6.8

mm

Applying diversity:
1st unit
2nd unit
3rd unit
4th unit

Total assumed Current demand

=
=
=
=

0
0
0
0

0 amp

Loop Impedance calculation (Zs)

where:

Zs

Loop impedance

Ze

External loop Impedance for distributor &services cables

R1

Resistance of the phase conductor

R2

Circuit protective conductor (Earth)

Zs

Ze + ( R1 + R2)

( R1 + R2)

Tabulated value of(R1+R2) xCircuit Length x Multiplier

1000

Correction Factors
where:
Ca = Factor for ambient temperature
Cg = Factor for groups of cables
Cf = Factor if BS 3036 rewirable fuse is used (factor is 0.725)
Ci

= Factor if cable is sorrounded by thermally insulating material

Ib

= Design current

It

= Tabulated conductor current carrying capacity

In

= Nominal rating or setting of protection

Iz

= Current carrying capacity of the conductors

I2

= Current causing operation of the device

It

In
Ca x Cg x Cf x Ci

Short Circuit Current Calculation

Formula:

kxS
t

Where:
= Short circuit current (Amps)
I
= Copper area of conductor (mm)
S
= Duration of short circuit current (seconds)
t
up to 5 seconds maximum
= Constant to allow for an initial temperature
k
of 90 C & final conductor temperature of 250 C
= 143

303.35

1.5
0.5

Amps

Notes:
1

The formula given is based on the cables being fullly loaded at the start of a short circuit
(conductor temperature 90 C) and a final conductor temperature of 250 C.

It shound be ensured that the accessories associated with the cables are also capable of
operation at these values of fault current and temperature.

Power Factor improvement

at 90% power
at 60% power
factor
factor
1273.5 kvar
1350 kvar
76.5 kvar

1500 kvar