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Chemical & Process Technolog : How to appl valve equation in HYSYS Depressuring ?
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H a a e e a i i HYSYS De e i g? High pressure and moderate/low temperature operation are common in oil and gas industry. High pressure system with large vessels will lead to large inventory and it significantly increases hazardous level to personnel and assets...
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Enter your email address: 6ee e & fac ead high ai e i ... Ca ef a e i f a i i he eb 12 Fea e e i ed f Sh d Va e (SDV) ERRATA - API S d 521, P e e Re ie i g a d De e... Li id S g S abi i e - A he e f gca ch... Wha he "E i ca d f ie d e " ?...
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Wh Re ic i O ifice i e di a ce f B ... HYSYS default is [Fi he ]. User may view the equations used for each of them by clicking the Va e E a i He button. See following image. E-I e ie b Che ica E gi ee i g W Ne C ce f F a i g U i - Pa Ne C ce f F a i g U i - Pa
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Chemical & Process Technolog : How to appl valve equation in HYSYS Depressuring ?
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HYSYS recommends to used [Fi he ] and [Re ief] as these equations are more advanced than other valve equation. No doubt these equations are established and well accepted by many users. H ha he e e a i be a ied i diffe e i d f e ? In my point of view, [Fi he ] and [Ma ei a ] equations will be used when controlled depressuring system. Common controlled depressuring application are depressuring of compressor and Mole-Sieve bed. It is very common the manufacturer of this equipment impose maximum pressure drop-rate (kPa/min) to protect their equipment. User may needs to selected a good control valves to limit the maximum pressure drop-rate whilst meeting maximum depressuring time limit of 15 minutes. For non-controlled depressuring system, other equations such as [Re ief], [S e ic], [S b ic] a d [Ge e a ] may be used. [Re ief] equation is recommended by HYSYS and can be used by setting the set pressure lower the FULL OPEN pressure (REMEMBER : Both setting shall be lower than the maximum expected pressure. Otherwise the valve will not open ). I guess the main issue here is to provide the discharge coefficient (Kd) for orifice. Personally there may be some document out there which has recommended what type of Kd factor to be used. If any of user aware of it, please share in the comments column. [S e ic] equation basically is a derivation from the [Ge e a ] equation by considering K e and equal as unity. This equation may be used in non-controlled depressuring system and it is for critical flow condition where backpressure is lower than system pressure. User may use this equation if the fluid characteristic is not well defined. User shall take note that there is a possibility where initial depressurization will be in critical flow condition and towards the end, backpressure may be exceeded the critical pressure. This will result some level of inaccuracy. This is very unlikely event and generally it is ignored. [S b ic] equation is an equation which common used in non-controlled depressuring system and to handle subcritical flow system (backpressure higher than system pressure). This is the only equation built into HYSYS which can handle subcritical condition (as far as I aware but I guess [Fi he ] and [Ma ei a ] may be capable). HYSYS has not documented this. Thus it is not recommended to use. [Ge e a ] equation is a well accepted equation which has been extracted from PERRY s Chemical Engineering Handbook. The only parameters user required to input are the orifice Discharge Coefficient (Cd) and Orifice area (A). As in most of the case, a squareedged restriction orifice is applied for depressuring, (downstream of Blowdown valve, BDV), the discharge coefficient (Cd) is well defined in PERRY s Chemical Engineering Handbook. See following image.
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Chemical & Process Technolog : How to appl valve equation in HYSYS Depressuring ?
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Generally the Reynolds number at the orifice throat is higher than 10,000, thus the Discharge coefficient is in the range of 0.6 to 0.65. Beware that HYSYS has recommended the used of 0.7 to 1.0. This may be true when the Reynolds number is in the range of 100 to 10,000. User shall always check at the end of study. Personally I would recommend to us 0.6 and reconfirm with Reynolds Number check by end of run. One shall remember this equation is applicable to Critical flow condition only. As in most cases, plant emergency depressuring will be critical flow, i am recommending to use this equation when you are dealing with non-controlled depressuring. You comments and advices are welcome. F he Readi g : 6ee e & fac ead Ca ef a e i f ai 12 Fea e e i ed f Sh ERRATA - API S d 521, P e Re i e e f e e c de high a i e i i he eb d Va e (SDV) e Re ie i g a d De e ec i de ice
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