A.

Caustive verbs :

Causative verbs show that one person make another person do something . They also show that one person make something happen . A causative verb is followed by another verb in : 1.Bare infinitive form : 2. To- infinitive form : 3. The past participle form : *When the causative verb shows that the subject of the sentence makes the object of the sentence do something ( active meaning) , the causative verb is followed by either (1) or (2) S S + have/ make/ let order/ beg/ warn/ allow urge/ ask/ want *When the direct object of the sentence receives the action of the second verb rather than doing the action : S + get/ have/ want / order + sth + P.P * Keep sb doing sth = make sb do sth Keep sb done + sb + sb + bare- infinitive + to infinitive + force / advise/ would like

B.Conditional sentences :
There are 2 part to a conditional sentence : The condition (if) and the result. There are also 2 types of conditional sentences : real and unreal ( contrary to fact ) : Type 1. Real in the presen or future Main clause If clause Will / can / shall/ may + Simple present V(bare ) Simple present 2. Unreal in the present Could/ would/ should/ Past simple (be were )

might+ V(bare)

3.neal in the past

Could/

would/should/might

Past perfect

+ have + V3 * Inversion with if : should , were, had If + S + should +V If + S + were +. If + had +P.P Should + S + V .. Were + S + Had + S + P.P..

C.Two- word verbs :

Two word verds are usually common verbs combined with other words that are often prepositions . Take over sth = be responsible for Get by with sb = get along with sb = be in good relationship with sb Put sth off = post pone = delay Turn sth on = switch sth on= operate Check up = find some proplems with the body Look over sth = read carefully Run into sb= bump into sb= meet sb suddenly Give up= surrender = stop doing sth Think sth over = give a second thought = think sth carefully again Call on sb = drop by sb = pay a visit to sb Put sb up = to ignore or forget sth Put up with sb/sth : to change sth to a later time or date Put sb down : to let sb stay at your home Put sth aside : to make sb look or feel stupid

D.
tense :

Verbs

tense

1. The simple present S + V (s/es) * Often, usually, frequently, always, constantly, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, every day, week, month 2. The present continuous tense : S + be + V-ing *Now, right now, at the moment, at present. Dont use with : to be, see, hear,understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget.. 3. The present perfect tense : S + have/has + P.P *Just, recently, lately, never, yet, for, ever, already, since .. So far= until now= up to now=up to the present 4.The present perfect continuous tense : S + have/has + been + V-ing 5. The simple past tense : S + V2 / V-ed * Last week/ month/year ., ago, yesterday.. 6.The past continuous tense : S S + was/ were + V-ing + had + P.P 7.The past perfect tense :

8. The past perfect continuous tense :

S + had + been + V-ing 9. The simple future tense : S + will/shall 10.Near future : S S S S + be + going to + V(bare) + be + V-ing + will/ shall + be + V-ing + will/ shall + have + V3 + V ( bare ) Someday, tomorrow, soon, next week/month

11. The future continuous tense : 12. The future perfect tense : 13. The future perfect continuous tense : S + will/ shall + have been + V-ing

*** Time expressions : Future : in 2 days, next month, as of, within, until next week Past : ago, for, yesterday, last, in 2000 Present perfect : since, lately, recently, in the last year , for ( in) the past 2 year . Past perfect : by 2000 All perfect tense : by ** S + suggest/ propose/insist + that + S ( should ) + bare Urge/ask/ demand / request/ require ** It is + difficult/ mandatory/ vital + that + S ( should) + bare Imperative/ compullsory Important / necessary/ essential

E.Words in context ;

You will have to choose a word that is correct word in the context of the passage. You will have to be able to recognize words that carry the meaning in the both a positive and a negative context .