THEORY-OF MATRIX STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Ps FRZEMIENIECKEee he "RORY OF At&TRIX STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Copiot Oe coe Ab ig Reel PREFACE Racin tne pugstucin sasetitey lcs my omeeck emo oa ea Speers Paria tnanmeiainles abst psnpeg ogo canvas Pei tp ebe eae a snows ‘The matrix methods of structural analysis developed for use on modern digital ‘computers, universally accepted in structural design, provide a means for rapid ‘and accurate analysis of complex structures under both static and dynamic loading conditions. ‘The matrix methods are based on the concept of replacing the actual con- finuovs structure by an equivalent model made up from discrete structural lements having known clastic and inertial properties expressible in matrix form. ‘The matrices representing these properties are considered as building blocks Which, when fitted together in accordance with a set of rules derived from the theory of elasticity, provide the static and dynamic properties of the actual structure. In this text the general theory of matrix structural analysisis presented, The following fundamental principies and theorems and their applications to matrix theory are discussed: principles of virtual displacements and virtual forces, Castigliano’s theorems, minimum-strain-energy theorem, minimum-comple- mentary-strain-energy theorem, and the unit-displacement and unit-load theorems. The matrix displacement and force methods of analysis are pre- Sented together with the elastic, thermal, and inertial properties of the most Sommonly used structural elements. Matrix formulation of dynamic analysis f structures, calculation of vibration frequencies and modes, and dynamic Fesponse of undamped and damped structural systems are included, Further- ‘More, structural synthesis, nonlinear effects due to large deflections, inelastcity, TO FIONA AND ANITA, ‘reep, and buckling are also discussed.‘The examples illustrating the various applications of the theory of matrix structural analysis have been chosen so that a slide rule is sufficient to carry out the numerical calculations. For the benefit of the reader who may be un- familiar with the matrix algebra, Appendix A discusses the matrix operations and their applications to structural analysis. Appendix B gives an extensive bib- Tiography on matrix methods of structural analysis. This book originated as lecture notes prepared for a graduate course in Matrix Structural Analysis, taught by the author at the Aie Force Institute of ‘Technology and at The Ohio State University. The book is intended for both the graduate student and the structural engineer who wish to study modern ‘methods of structural analysis; it should also be valuable as a reference source for the practicing structural engineer. Dr. Peter J. Torvik, Associate Professor of Mechanics, Air Force Institute of Technology, and Walter J. Mykytow, Assistant for Research and Technology, Vehicle Dynamics Division, Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory, carefully read the manuscript and made many valuable suggestions for improving the contents. Their contributions are gratefully acknowledged. Wholehearted ‘thanks are also extended to Sharon Coates for her great patience and cooperation in typing the entire manuscript. J. 8, PRZEMIENIECKI CONTENTS ‘CHAPTER 1 MATRIX METHODS 1 11 Introduction 1 12 Design erations 3 13 Methods of Analysis 7 14 Areas of Structural Analysis 9 CHAPTER 2 BASIC EQUATIONS OF ELASTICITY 10 24 Sirain-Displacement Equations 11 22° Strest-Strain Equations 12 23. SwessStrain Equations for Intl Strains 20 24 Equations of Equilibrium 21 25° Compatibility Equations 23 ‘CHAPTER 3 ENERGY THEOREMS 25 34 Introduction 25 3.2 Work and Complementary Work; Strain Energy and Complementary Strain 27 33° Groon's Identity 32 34 Energy Theoreins Based on the Principle of Virtual Work 34 3:5 Energy Theorems Based on the Principle of Complementary Virtual Work 38