Institut fr Verfahrenstechnik und Dampfkesselwesen Institute for Process Engineering and Power Plant Technology

Director: Prof. Dr.techn. G. Scheffknecht

Abteilung Reinhaltung der Luft

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gnter Baumbach
Pfaffenwaldring 23 D-70550 Stuttgart Tel.: +49-711-685-63487 Fax: +49-711-685-63491

Universitt Stuttgart

WS 2009/10 Questions Basics of Air Quality Control

Chapter 1 1. a) b) Define different natural sources for air pollutants Which air pollution components are emitted from the different sources?

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Name worldwide main problems of air pollution

Chapter 2 3. Which pollutant components are emitted from a) b) c) d) e) 4. oil fired house heatings and industrial furnaces gas fired house heatings and industrial furnaces wood fired house heatings and industrial furnaces coal fired power plant boilers motor vehicles differentiated in gasoline and diesel engines

a) Name products and reasons for incomplete combustion b) Explain the formation of Polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons and soot Draw in a diagram (qualitatively) the dependencies of different air pollutant components on excess air (or flue gas oxygen content). a) oil furnace b) automobile spark-ignition engine (otto engine) Name the sulphur contents (or ranges) of the following fuels: a) Explain the sulphur distribution in mineral oil products b) German light oil c) German diesel fuel d) natural gas e) heavy fuel oil f) crude oil from different sources g) German hard coal h) Turkish lignite i) South African hard coal

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How much SO2 is emitted (e.g. in g) if 1 kg hard coal with 1 mass % sulphur is burned? a) Which oxide of NOx is mainly emitted? b) With which density are NOx emissions calculated? c) Convert 20 ppm NO2 into mg/m, referred to normal conditions (0 C, 1013 hpa).

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Questions on nitrogen oxides formation will come from Prof. Kronenburg Name different origins of formation of particulate matter emissions. What is PM10, what PM2,5?

Chapter 3 12. Which atmospheric main parameters are responsible for a good dispersion of air pollutants? Define an instable, a neutral and a stable atmosphere? Describe the formation and dissolving of a surface inversion. Define types of inversions and describe their formation. Draw schematically the diurnal course of surface and elevated inversion layers as well as the mixing layer in a daytime - altitude diagram. What are the effects of inversion on air pollutant concentrations? Draw schematically the dispersion of a stack plume in a valley under inversion conditions. What happens with emitted SO2 in the atmosphere finally? a) How is acid rain formed? b) Which are the components of acid rain? a) Write down the photostationary equilibrium between nitrogen oxides and ozone. b) On which parameters does the formed tropospheric ozone concentration depends on? Draw schematically the average diurnal course of the ozone, NO and NO2 concentrations during nice weather conditions a) in a city b) on a high mountain above surface inversion layers Draw schematically the vertical ozone profiles over a city during nice weather conditions: a) during night b) during day During which season (summer or winter) are the ambient air concentrations higher? a) NO; NO2 b) Ozone
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What are the actual overall atmospheric concentrations of a) CO2 b) Methane (CH4) Which gases are called Green house gases and why?

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