Year 10 Forces and Motion topic test

2009

Name __________________

PHYSICS FORMULAE
W=Fxd

Speed =

Weight = m x g
Distance
time

F=mxa

g = 10 N kg-1

acceleration =

Ep = m x g x h
speed
time

Question 1. Friction
(a) What type of energy is produced when friction acts? _________________________
(b)

Give 2 examples of where friction is useful.

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(c)

Give 2 examples of where friction is not useful and we try to reduce it.

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(d) Surfaces that feel smooth look rough under a microscope. The drawings show what you
might see.

(i) Why will there be friction between the moving surfaces shown in the first drawing?

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(ii) Explain how the oil in the second diagram will reduce friction.

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Question 2. Weight
The table below contains information about five planets:
Planet

Gravitational field
strength, g (N/kg)

Mercury

3.8

Earth

10

Mars

3.7

Jupiter

25

Neptune

11

(a) Complete the table below using the information given above. (Remember, there are
1000 g in 1 kg!) and F(gravity) = m g
Object

Mass of
object
(kg)

person

60

Cheese block

Planet the
object
is on

Gravitational field
strength of the
planet (N/kg)

Weight of
object
(N)

Jupiter
Neptune

10

(b) What changes when you go to the Moon, mass or weight? _________________
(c) Explain your answer to (b)

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(d) If the person in the table has a weight of 1320 N on Saturn, calculate the gravitational
field strength on that planet.

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Question 3. Motion
(a) Use the table to draw a distancetime graph for a journey on the grid below:
Time (s)

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

Distance
(m)

10

20

20

35

50

60

60

Use your graph to answer the following questions:

(b) Between which two sets of times was the object stationary?
between______________ s and ______________ s
between ______________ s and ______________ s
(c) Between which times was the object travelling the fastest?
between ______________ s and ______________ s
(d)

Explain how you reached your answer for (c) above

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(e)

How long did it travel at this fastest speed? ______________

Question 4. Motion
Shelley is a kayaker. The distance-time graph below represents the motion of
Shelley and her kayak during the first three minutes of her journey across a lake.

distance (m)

500
400

D
C

300

B
200

100
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

time (s)

(a) How far, in metres, does Shelley travel in the first 90 seconds?

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(b) Calculate Shelleys average speed over the 180-second kayak journey.

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Average Speed = _______________ m s1
(c) Describe the motion of Shelley and the kayak during the time from 60 s to 90 s
(Section C) and explain how you got your answer.

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(d) Using the graph show that the speed of Shelley and the kayak during Section D is
1.1 m s1. Show all your working.

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Later Shelley was paddling her kayak at a constant speed across the lake.
(e) On the diagram below, draw and label arrows to show the name and
direction of the four forces acting on the kayak.

The four forces in the above diagram add together to give a net force of zero.
(f) Explain why a net force of zero would result in Shelley and the kayak moving at a
constant speed.

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To maintain a constant speed across the lake, Shelley produced a forward force of 100 N.
(g) Calculate the work done by Shelley when she paddled at this constant speed for 300m.

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______________________________Work = ________ J
(h) Shelley found that she had to work much harder to maintain the same speed after some
water weed got caught on the rudder of her kayak. Discuss this observation in terms of the
forces involved.

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Question 5.

When an object (or a person) experiences a change of speed we say it is accelerating.

The formula for acceleration is

change.in.speed
time.taken

(a) Place this formula in the formula triangle shown right:

For the following questions, any calculations must show working and a unit.
(b)Raymond is on his bike at a red light. When it goes green he reaches a speed of 12 m s-1
after 4 s. Calculate his acceleration.

(c) Three students are walking to college across Weka park. When it rains they start to walk
faster. If they accelerate at 1.5 m s-2 how long does it take them to speed up from 1.5 m
s-1 to 4.5 m s-1?

(d) The TranzMetro unit accelerates at 0.4 m s-2 when it leaves Paraparaumu Station. What
speed has the unit reached after 1 minute?

e) James and Nick are race car drivers in a car race. James was travelling at a speed of
10 m s-1 and accelerated at 2 m s-2 for 6 seconds. Nick was travelling at 15 m s-1 and
accelerated at 2.5 m s-2 for 4 seconds. Who would end up travelling at the greater speed, and
how much faster are they travelling?

Question 6. Describe all the energy changes that occur in the following situation.
(a)

An electric motor is turned on to haul a roller coaster to the top of a rise.

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(b) The roller coaster is then released so it rushes to the bottom of the first slope.
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(c) The roller coaster now climbs up to the top of the next rise.
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Question 7.

The work done to move an object is calculated by multiplying the force it takes to move an object by
the distance it moves. (Work = Force x distance
g = 10 N per kg ).
(a) How much work is done when 30N is applied to move a box 2m across a room?
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(b) The box has a mass of 20 kg. How much work would you do to lift it vertically on to a table
1.5 m high?
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A weightlifter manages to lift a weight with a mass of 160 kg up to a height of 2.4 m.

2.4m

(c) Select a formula and calculate how much gravitational potential energy the weight gains
in the lift. Give the correct unit with your answer.
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____________ Gravitational Potential Energy = ________________ _________ (unit)
(d) What type of energy do the weights possess just before they hit the ground?
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