Module PMR CHAPTER 11 :TRIGONOMETRY

Summary of the trigonometry 1. 2. 3. 4. Tangent of an acute angle Sine of an acute angle Cosine of an acute angle The values of Tangent, Sine and Cosine

C Hypotenus

Opposite Side

A Adjacent Side B

a. Sin =

Opposite Hypotenuse Adjacent Hypotenuse Opposite Adjacent

b. Cos =

c. Tan =

A. Calculating the value of sine, cosine and tangent of an angle. Example : 1. In the diagram, AC = 26 cm and BC = 24 cm. Find the value of sin . C

24 cm

26 cm

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Module PMR Solution:

AB Sin C = AC
=

10 26

AB2 = AC2 BC2 = 262 - 242 = 676 576 = 100 AB = 100 = 10 cm

5 13 Exercise : Calculate the value of sin for each of the following triangles.

1). R

2). C B

6 cm P

10 cm

5 cm Q A

13 cm

3).

4). R

15 cm P B 8 cm C

25 cm

24 cm

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Module PMR Example 1. In the diagram, AB = 15 cm and AC = 9 cm. Find the value of cos . C 9 cm B

15 cm

Solution: Cos =

BC AB 12 15
4 5

BC2 = AB2 AC2 = 152 - 92 = 225 81 = 144 BC = 144 = 12 cm

Exercise : Calculate the value of cos for each of the following diagram. P 1). 2).

R
17cm 8 cm

R
5 cm

12 cm

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Module PMR

3).

15 cm

M
8 cm

4).

12 cm

L C

15 cm

Example 1. Find the value of tan in the diagram as shown. P

10 cm

Q Solution : Tan =

6 cm

QR PQ
6 8 3 4

PQ2 = PR2 QR2 = 102 - 62 = 100 36 = 64 PQ = 64 = 8 cm

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Module PMR Exercise : Calculate the value of tan for each of the following diagram. 1).
25 cm 7 cm 13 cm

2).

12 cm

R
C

3). A
15 cm

4). L
5 cm 13 cm

B
9 cm

M 4 cm N C

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Module PMR B. Calculating the lengths of sides of a triangle from the tangent, sine and cosine of an angle. Example : Find the value of x in the following triangle.

x cm
A

15 cm

C
3 5

tan =

Solution : tan =
3 5

BC 3 = AC 5 x 3 = 15 5 x= 3 15 5

x = 9cm

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Module PMR Exercise. Find the value of x in each of the following triangles.

1). A

2).
x cm x cm

P
6 cm

B
10 cm

R C tan =
1 2

tan =

2 5

3).

A B

4).

x cm

x cm 48 cm C 14cm

tan =

7 24

tan =

7 24

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Module PMR

5). K L

6).

x cm 12 cm

x cm

M
1 sin = 3

6 cm

T
3 5

sin =

7).

A 15 cm x cm

8).

x cm

B C C 9 cm B

sin =

3 5

sin =

3 5

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9).

R
x cm

10). A S
x cm

14 cm

16 cm

B T cos =
5 7

C cos =
5 8

11).

12).

x cm A

26 cm

52 cm

C x cm B

5 cos = 13

cos =

5 13

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Module PMR Common Errors 1. Find the value of cos x in the diagram as shown.
E 6 cm D 7 cm

A 4 cm B 8 cm C

Error Cos =

Correct step

CD BC 7 8

Cos =

AC CE 12 13

2. Find the length of AC if sin =

A

5 13 C

10 cm

Error Sin =
5 13 BC = tan AC

Correct Steps Sin =

5 13

BC 5 = AC 13 10 5 = AC 13

BC 5 = AB 13 10 5 = AB 13

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Module PMR

AC = 10

13 5

AB = 10

13 5

AC = 26cm

AB = 26cm
AC 2 = 26 2 10 2 = 576 AC = 576 AC = 24cm

Extra Exercise 1. In diagram below, PQR is a straight line and T is the midpoint of straight line QTS. P 4 cm x Q 15 cm y S

S (a) Given that tan x = 1 , calculate the length of QTS. (b) State the value of cos y .

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Module PMR 2. In diagram below, S is the midpoint of straight line TSQ. R y T S 8 cm Q

16 cm x P (a) Given that cos y = (b) Find sin x .

4 , calculate the length of TQ. 5

3. In diagram below, C is the midpoint of straight line BD. A

5 cm x D Given that sin x = C B

5 , find the length of DC. 13

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Module PMR 4. Diagram below shows two right angled triangles, PQR and RST. PRS and QRT are straight line. P x 17 cm

R Q y

10 cm S Given that cos x =

15 4 and sin y = . 17 5

(a) Find the value of tan x. (b) Calculate the length, in cm, of QRT.

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Module PMR 5. Diagram below shows two right angled triangles, ABC and ACD. A x 8 cm B

C y D It is given that cos x =

4 2 and tan y = . 5 3

(a) Find the value of sin x. (b) Calculate the length, in cm, of AD.

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Module PMR 6. Diagram below shows two right angled triangles, PQR and RST. PRS and QRT are straight lines. T y 13 cm P R S

10 cm

x Q

4 12 and cos y = . 5 13 (a) Find the value of tan x. (b) Calculate the length, in cm, of QRT.
It is given that sin x =

7. Diagram below show two right angled triangles, ABD and BCD. D 15 cm x 13 cm y A Given that tan y =
12 , find the value of cos x. 5

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Module PMR 8. In diagram below, JKL and KMN are straight line. M is the midpoint of the line KN. N

x J 5 cm K 8 cm

y L

Given that cos y =

4 , find the value of sin x. 5

9. The diagram shows two right-angled triangles PQR and RSQ.

S R

13 cm

x y P Q 16 cm

5 , 13 a). find the value of tan y, b). calculate the length of PR, in cm.

Given that sin x =

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Module PMR 10. In the diagram, tan x =

12 . 5

Q x

12 cm 15 cm

Find the length of RS, in cm

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Module PMR PMR past year questions 2004 1). In Diagram 1, C is the midpoint of the straight line BD.

x 5 cm 13 cm

B Find the value of tan x

o

2005 2). Diagram 1 shows a right angled triangle EFG and DEF is a straight line. G

4 cm x D Find the value of cos x E 2 cm F

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Module PMR 2006 3). Diagram 3 shows two right angled triangles, DAB and CDB. y 5 cm

x It is given that tan y =

5 1 and sin x = . 12 2
o

(a) Find the value of cos y (b) Calculate the length, in cm, of BC.

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Module PMR 2007 4). Diagram 10 shows twi right angled triangles, PQT and SQR. PQR and TQS are straight lines. T

15 cm

y 5 cm

Q x

S It is given that sin x =

5 3 and cos y = . 13 5 (a) Find the value of tan x

(b) Calculate the length, in cm, of PQR.

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Module PMR 2008 5). Diagram 20 shows a right angled triangle PQR. P y 39 cm

Q It is given that cos y =

R
5 , calculate the length, in cm, of PQ. 13

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Module PMR CHAPTER 11 : TRIGONOMETRY ANSWERS SIN

1). sin = COS

4 5

2). sin =

12 13

3). sin =

8 17

4). sin =

7 25

1). cos = TAN

15 17

2). cos =

12 13

3). cos =

15 17

4). cos =

3 5

1). tan =

7 24

2). tan =

12 5

3). tan =

4 3

4). tan =

5 12

VALUE OF x

1). x = 4 cm

2). x = 3 cm

3). x = 14 cm

4). x = 4.083 cm

5). x = 4 cm

6). x = 8 cm

7). x = 9 cm

8). x = 12 cm

9). x = 10 cm

10). x = 10 cm

11). x = 10 cm

12). x = 20 cm

EXTRA EXERCISE

1). (a) QTS = 8 cm 15 (b) Cos y = 17

2). (a) TQ = 20 cm 3 (b) Sin x = 5

3). DC = 6 cm

4). (a) Sin x =

8 17 (b) QRT = 14 cm

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Module PMR

5). (a) sin x =

3 5 (b) AD = 15 cm

6). (a) Tan x =

4 3 (b) QRT = 18 cm

7). Cos x =

3 5

8). Sin x =

12 13

9). (a) tan y =

3 4

10). RS = 4 cm

(b) PR = 20 cm

PMR past year questions 2004 1). Tan x = 2005

6 5

2). Cos x =

1 2

2006 3). a). Cos y =

2007

12 13 b). BC = 26 cm

4). a). tan x o =

5 12 b). PQR = 21 cm

2008

5). PQ = 15 cm

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