Data transmission through power line.

In this project we show that how we transfer the digital data on the power line.. IN this project we use one transmitter circuit and one receiver circuit. In transmitter circuit we use one dtmf generator circuit and in the receiver circuit we use dtmf decoder circuit. With the help of dtmf generator circuit we generate different codes at a time and in the receiver module we receive a different frequency at a time and we use it as a main controller circuit.

In this project we use main power line as a carrier . We use neutral and earth wire as a data transfer line. IN this project main power line is same in the whole line , If the phase is on the left point of the main plug then this should be same for every point in the home. We transfer all the data from the dtmf generator to neutral point in the main line with the help of the high voltage capacitor. On the receiver hand we receive the same data from the neutral line through the .01 high voltage capacitor and then we use dtmf decoder circuit.

In the dtmf generator circuit we use ic um 91214 as a main dtmf signal generator. We use total 12 switches as a input data to the um 91214 and output of the 91214 is connected to the neutral line through .01 capacitor. DTMF CODE GENERATOR CIRCUIT.

In this part of the project we use one dtmf generator ic. We use ic um 91214 ic to generate a dtmf code for different multiple switches,. All the the 12 switches are connecte4d to the ic 91214 ic

we use only 12 keys from this 16 keys matrix. We use 0 to 9 keys and star and hash keys if we require a 12 input keys. But in our project we use only 10 keys for this project operation.

Pin no 6 of the um 91214 is connected to the positive power supply. On this pin we provide a 3 volt power supply so we connect a one zener diode , resistance and capacitor circuit to provide a zener regulation of 3 volt DC. One crystal is connected to the pin no 3 and 4 of the ic um 91214. here we use 3.58 Mhz crystal as a main generator of carrier frequency. All the switches are connected to the um 91214 in the four rows and three .coloum. All the switches are connected in the um 91214 in the matrix formation. Pin no 12, 13 and 14 is connected to the coloum and pin no 15,16,17,18 is connected to the coloum. Output signal is available on the pin no 7 of the ic um 91214 . Output from the dtmf generator is now connected to the power line through .01 capacitor .

Output of the fm receiver is now connected to the 8870 ic. This ic is dtmf decoder ic and dtmf decoder decode the signal and converted into bcd signal.. . Ic 8870 is a single chip dtmf receiver incorporating switches capacitor filter technology and an advanced digital counting averaging alogorithm for period measurement.

Output from the 8870 decoder is further connected to the ic 74154. Ic 74154 is bcd to decimal decoder.

bcd from the 8870 is available on pin no 11,12,13,14 and this output is further connected to the pin no 20,21,22,23 of the ic 74154. Pin no 18 and 19 of the ic 74154 is enable control of the circuit. In our project we connect a one npn transistor to this point. Collector of the npn transistor is connected to the pin no 18 and 19 of the ic 74154 to provide a positive voltage on this point. Pin no 15 of the ic 8870 is a acknowledgement of the dtmf signal, when dtmf signal is available on the pin no 15 then with the help of this dtmf signal we switch on the npn transistor and further npn transistor

provide a negative pulse to the pin no 18 and 19 of the ic 74154 and decimal signal is available on the output pins. Here we use only 10 output of the ic..

Output of the ic 74154 is active low. So to convert this active low output in to active high we use inverter ic. Here we use ic 4049 as a hex inverter and with the help of this hex inverter we convert the active low output in to active high output with the help of inverter logic

Output of the inverter is now positive signal but output of the inverter is still in pulse form. To convert this pulse into on/off signal we require a flip flop circuit . With the help of flip flop circuit we convert the pulse logic into high or low logic with the help of flip flop circuit. Here we use ic 4013 as a flip flop circuit. Output of the flip flop is further connected to the relay driver circuit.

ic 4013 is dual D type flip flop circuit. Pin no 14 is connected to the positive supply and pin no 7 is connected to the negative supply. Pin no 3 and 11 is the clock input pin . Data pin os pin no 9 and pin no 5. Output signal is available on the pin no 13 and pin no 1 of the ic 4013 flip flop.

In this project we use total 5 ic 4013 as a relay driver circuit. With the help of this five flip flop we control total 10 different electrical appliances with the help of the relay driver circuit.

If we want to control the relay with the help of flip flop then we use npn transistor between flip flop and relay circuit . Here transistor work as a switch and with the help of this transistor we switch on/off the relay coil

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT.

THE

DATA

RECEIVER CIRCUIT LINE.

AND RECEIVE DATA FROM THE POWER

7805 REGULATED POWER SUPPLY. FOR RECEIVER CIRCUIT. In the receiver circuit we use full wave rectifier with 7805 regulator circuit and in the transmitter circuit we use bridge rectifier circuit with 5volt regulator to regulate the voltage. Two high value capacitor is connected before and after the regulator to reduce the ripple factor of power supply.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR RECEIVING THE DTMF DATA THROUGH POWER LINE