Selish Dictionary Online

Seli Translation
English to Salish Dictionary

Pre-Press Draft 3.4 December 1, 2006
2006, Tachini Pete
Copyright 2006 Tachini Pete. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of Tachini Pete unless such copying is expressly permitted by copyright law. Address inquiries to, Nusm, 5 Oxford Lane, Arlee, MT 59821.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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This second draft English-Seli translation, was compiled and edited by Tachini Pete to encourage the use of the Salish Language. Like the first draft, this second draft is not perfect. However, in dictionary form, it will enable people to begin using the words and the language. The work is presented in draft form to make available now, to bring the language back into use. It is hoped that this work will stimulate the conversation of standardizing Salish orthography. This draft attempts to engage the reader, researcher, and learner by showing the structure and grammar of Salish. In this book, you will begin to recognize the patterns of the Salish language. This will help people to form the ever-difficult Salish sentence. This work also attempts to revive the usage of formal Salish. That is the inclusion and use of suffixes that tend to be omitted. These word endings hold a lot of information when one learns the language. Anecdotal evidence of advanced learners of the language shows that when suffixes are used retention is more meaningful and that there is better comprehension. The Creator gave Salish language to our ancestors. Parents and grandparents passed the language on to each successive generation. No one person or organization owns the language. Rather, it is held in common by the people that use it, just as the air and water. This book is presented with the spellings and alphabet used since the early 1990s. There are many new additions in this work. Most are words that have not been recorded. Some are newly created words. These words may remind some of a whole list of other words that need to be recorded. This book will always be in the process of revision as new words are created and old words are revived and/or remembered. English translations will always be a point of debate as each individual brings a different perspective. Tachini and the dictionary staff made every attempt to ensure that spellings and translations accurately reflected the language. At the publishing of this book there were 57 speakers of the Salish Language. This small body of speakers has been the cause of much debate about correct spelling, pronunciation and usage. This book does not attempt to finalize or resolve this debate. The book is merely a resource for individuals to use in learning of the language. To make a perfect copy would take years of work by a large dedicated staff. Currently such a staff doesnt exist. Consultation of fluent speakers is recommended when creating any formal representation of the Salish language. The dictionary staff attempts to eliminate mistakes, but due to concerns of availability and access to the book there will be errors. If you find any errors, write them down and pass them on to the Dictionary staff. We want all new editions to be as comprehensive as possible. All comments, additions, and/or corrections are greatly appreciated. Lemlmt Tachini Pete started this project in 1993 at the beginning of his Salish learning. Salish is his matrilineal ancestry, as well as his wife Malinas and their childrens. Tachini has spent nearly 15,000 hours during the past seven years compiling and editing this document. Tachini dedicates this book to his wife, Malina, for putting up with his obsessive study of Salish and the creation of this book. Special thanks are given to the many teachers and the hundreds of hours spent with these patient and giving people. It is through their dedication and thoughtfulness that we have this book. Special recognition is also given to Sophie Mays for her many years of work teaching Salish. In Tachinis early adult years Sophie was his first teacher. The following contributors made this dictionary possible: Nusm, Salish Culture Committee, Salish Kootenai College, The National Park Service. Special thanks to the following people: Mary Lucy Parker, Noel Pichett, Mike Durgelo, Sophie Haynes, Tony Incashola, Alik Quequesah, Joe Pablo. The following contributors have passed on: Angie Matt, John Peter Paul, Agnes Paul, Joe Callooya, Margaret Finley. This document was typed by Tachini Pete and Malina Pete.
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Editorial and Production Staff

Executive Editor Tachini Pete Entry Editors Tachini Pete Malina Pete Tachini Pete, J.R. Consulting Salish Editors Supi Sophie Mays Patlik Pat Pierre ole Johnny Arlee oya Louie Adams Pleswe Frances Vanderburg Primary Salish Contributors Supi Sophie Mays Patlik Pat Pierre ole Johnny Arlee Pleswe Frances Vanderburg oya Louie Adams Toloti Dorothy Felsman Stipn Stephen Small Salmon Lucy Vanderburg Anna Vanderburg Eva Boyd Allen Beaverhead Alice Camel Felicite McDonald Dolly Linsebigler Josephine Quequesah Shirley Trahan Agnes Kenmille
Pliciti
Uni
Proofreading Scnpaqci Diana Cote Slla Sis Arleen Adams Trina Felsman Mlani Melanie Sandoval Text Design Artwork Cover Concept and Design Pre-Press Developme
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Table of Contents
Book Usage Guide vi Pronuciation Guide vii A 1 B 27 C 72 D 113 E 140 F 155 G 183 H 205 I . 232 J . 239 K 242 L 250 M 272 N 288 O 300 P 340 Q 340 R 341 S 363 T 439 U 470 V 477 W 479 Y 504 Z 507 Section 2 508 Section 3 Kinship Tables 510 Section 4 Grammar 510 Section 5 Affix Tables 520 In the PDF version blue text indicates that there is a hyperlink. Click on the blue text to jump to another area of the book.
Book Usage Guide and Abbreviations

There are many enteries in this book that are use to keep the page count down and to reduce repetition. Included are abbreviations and omitted English translation. On the lower right of each page is a table of abbrevieation used through the book. Below is a diagram that show how the translation and conjugation of words in Salish. and a guide to navigate the book.
This book is organized in alphabetic order. The related Salish words are organized under each corresponding English word. Generally the first Salish word is the closest translation to the English word. If followed by italic abbreviations the word is a root and can not be used alone. The first word of a conjugated list is always in the third person. The list will be in the order past tense, present tense, and future tense with singular first follow by plural. The English translation of the third person. To save space the first person and second person are not translated. In this example: n elm I abandonded (s.t.). elm You abandandonded (s.t.).
Throughout the book conjugation will follow this order: first the intransitive, a verbs that dont require a direct object. Not all words have an intransitive translation. Following the intransitive will be the transitive conjugation, verbs that require a direct object. In Salish the direct object is always the third person if not stated. As in he/she/it often written as it, s.t. or s.o.
In Salish the third person has no gender difference. Throughout the book it will be written as s/he/it or s/he.
First person plural and second person plural in the transitive form. In this example: qe elntm we abandonded it. elntp You all abandonded it.
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Abbreviated Guide to Salish Pronunciation

It is not written in English, but can be heard before u and o in uh-oh! This sound is produced by closing and then opening the vocal/glottal cords. It is called the glottal stop. c h l is like the ts in cats. is like the c with pressure build up and release. It is called a glottalized c or hard c. is like the ch in church, called a wedged c. is like , but produced with glottal closure. It is called a glottalized wedged c. is like h in hot. is like l in lip. is like l with glottal closure. It is called glottalized l. There is no English sound similar to . It can be approximated by putting the tongue in the position to pronounce l as is play and then hissing like a snake. It is called barred l. There is no English sound similar to . It can be approximated by putting the tongue in the position to pronounce l as in play. Build pressure, keeping tongue in the l position, to release from one or both sides of the tongue. A similar sound is produced when calling horses, only the sound is produce sucking air in. It is called a lambda. is like the m in mouse. is like the m with a glottal closure. It is called a glottalized m. is like the n in on or in. is like the n with a glottal closure. It is called glottalized n. is like the p in spin. is like the p but with sudden release of air. It is called Glottalized p. is like the s in sin. is like the sh in ship. It is called an wedge s. is like the k in skin. is like qu in queen. It is called k w. is like the with a glottal closure. It is called glottalized kw. is like the k, but produced farther back in the throat. vii
m n p s k q
t w y a e i u o
is like the q but with simultaneous glottal closure. Glottalized q. is like the q, but pronounced with rounded lips. It is called qw. is like the , but with simultaneous glottal closure. It is called glottalized qw. is like the t in top. is like the t with a glottal closure. It is called glottalized t. is like the the w in well. is like the w with a glottal closure. It is called glottalized w. is a fricative sound produced in the same position as q. It is called the x-dot. is a fricative sound like h, but produced in the same position as k. The lips are also rounded. It is called x w. is like , but produced farther back in the throat in the position of q. It is called dotted x w. is like the y in yes is like the y with simultaneous glottal closure. It is called glottalized y. is like the a in father. is like the e in p et. is like the i in machine. is like the u in rude. is like the o in orb or off.
The primary stress is written above the vowel which, in words of two or more vowels, receives the loudest stress. The stress is a grammatical mark rather than a alphabet mark.
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A
abalone shell ayqs abalone shell. abandon el Strs. rt., abandon, throw away, leave.
elm S/he/it abandoned (s.t.). n elm, elm es eli S/he/it is abandoning (s.t.). nes eli, es eli qs eli S/he/it is going to be abandoning (s.t.). iqs eli, qs eli elm They abandoned (s.t.). qe elm, p elm es eli Theyre abandoning (s.t.). qe es eli, pes eli qs eli Theyre going to be abandoning (s.t.) qeqs eli, pqs eli elis S/he/it abandoned it. eln, elnt es elms S/he/it is abandoning it. ies elm, as elm qs elms S/he/it is going to abandon it. iqs elm, aqs elm elis They abandoned it. qe elntm, elntp es elms Theyre abandoning it. qe es elm, es elmp qs elms Theyre going to abandon it. qeqs elm, qs elmp es leli S/he is repeatedly abandoning. nes leli, es leli es lelms S/he is abandoning things. ies lelm, as lelm elm S/he/it abandoned a little. n elm, elm elis S/he/it abandoned a little of it. eln, elnt ell S/he/it got abandoned. elntm S/he/it was abandoned by someone. lnuis S/he finally abandoned it. lnun, lnunt selm somebody who abandons/throws away. prefix: s one who does. lemn someone who always likes to abandon/throw away. llemn (pl.) suffix: emn
one who always likes to do.
llmu The individual that abandons/throws away. suffix: mu the individual who always
does.
scel something thats been thrown away. (i.e.,people, child, spouse or item.) prefix: sc s.t
thats been done/made/prepared.
snelmn place you abandon things; dump; garbage receptacle. selmn devil. selmn little devil. eli Throw (it) away. (comm.) els Abandon it. (comm.) elnt Throw it away. (comm.) lscut S/he abandoned something personal. n lscut, lscut es lscuti S/he is abandoning something personal. nes lscuti, es lscuti es lmisti S/he is getting rid of something that is self detrimental. es lscutisti S/he is getting rid of something within his/herself. es lmnwei Theyre leaving each other. llwisntm S/he keeps getting left behind llwisis S/he keeps leaving it behind. llwisn, llwisnt es nlmelsi S/he is wanting to abandon (something). nes nlmelsi, es nmelsi 1
llaq S/he abandoned his/her spouse. n llaq, llaq uy is eli Go throw (it) away. llwisn u stipn I keep leaving Stephen behind. ies lelm u inmomosq Im getting rid of my broke down cars. em elnt You will throw it away. ie scmlml e es llm pt There were clumps left lying all over.
Abe able
aplm Abe. allws, allw hustle around for something; able and determined in doing something.
See: busy.
Abraham above
iplah Abraham.
qe on top of. tunt qe Place it on the top. (comm.)
qa arrive at the top of a hill or mountain. qa S/he/it arrive at the top. n qa, qa sqa hilltop. as, a go up hill. See: uphill. qe upstream. See: upstream. iwl climb. (also used to indicate going upstairs) See: climb. nwist up, above, up high. See: high. cusi, cusi go over a mountain pass. See: pass. s hang s.t. up. es s It is hanging up.
absolute
imi u absolutely; for sure; of course; its obvious. imi probably. ha imi Is it for sure? a imi probably; most likely. a imi u ta es miste Its most likely you dont know it. imi lut Of course its far. imi u ta es miste Of course you dont know it.
accident accept
numt get injured; to have a long lasting sickness. See: injure.
lup get hurt. See: hurt. tnem accept something. tis S/he/it took s.t./s.o. tn, tnt es tnems S/he/it is taking s.t./s.o. ies tnem, as tnem qs nems S/he/it is going to take s.t./s.o. iqs nem, aqs nem eis They is took s.t./s.o. qe ntm, ntp es nems They are taking s.t./s.o. qe es nem, es nemp qs nems They are going to take s.t./s.o. qeqs nem, qs nemp snem somebody who takes; police. prefix: s one who does. ent Take it. (comm.) cent Give it to me. (comm.) t atwen u teis Tony took it. i tam u ten I took the wrong one. ctetms S/he took it for you. qe ctels S/he took it for us. o tent Take me. 2
niylsmm favor something. See: agree. tamm refuse. tamsts S/he refused it. tamstn, tamst es tamms S/he refusing it. es tamm, es tamm qs tamms S/he going to refuse it. iqs tamm, aqs tamm tamsts They didnt accept it. qe tamstm, tamstp es tamsts They arent accepting it. qe es tamstm, es tamstp qs tamsts They arent going to accept it. qeqs tamstm, qs tamstp ta, qs tamst No, youre not going to accept it. ta, tamstn No, I didnt accept it. ha tamst Did you reject it? a uc tamstn Perhaps I wont accept it.
accompany
nim go with, accompany. nin S/he/it accompanied. n nin, nin es nmi S/he/it is accompanying. nes nmi, es nmi qs nmi S/he/it is going to accompany. iqs nmi, qs nmi nin They accompanied. qe nin, p nin es nmi They are accompanying. qe es nmi, pes nmi qs nmi They are going to accompany. qeqs nmi, pqs nmi ntes S/he/it accompanied s.o. nten, nte es nims S/he/it is accompanying s.o. ies nim, as nim qs nims S/he/it is going to accompany s.o. iqs nim, aqs nim ntes They accompanied s.o. qe ntem, ntep es nims They are accompanying s.o. qe es nim, es nimp qs nims They are going to accompany s.o. qeqs nim, qs nimp in S/he/it went along involuntary (i.e. a crowd pushing you along). n in, in ntem S/he/it was accompanied by someone. nint Go with s.o. (comm.) nlwis S/he/it goes around with (i.e. dog that follows everywhere). suffix: lwis indicate going
around.
es nwei Theyre accompanying each other. qe es nwei, pes nwei ha es net Did the child come with you? ha es net Did the children come with you? o nint Come with me. iqs nim I am going to go with you. ha iqs nim Do you want me to go with you? e te swe qs ci m e in If anyone wants to trap they should come along. iqs nim u issilt qs is qme Im going along with my kids, theyre going to go fishing. nnmels want to accompany. circumfix: nels want. nnmels S/he/it wanted to accompany. n nnmels, nnmels es nnmelsi S/he/it is wanting to accompany. nes nnmelsi, es nnmelsi qs nnmelsi S/he/it is wanting to accompany. iqs nnmelsi, qs nnmelsi nnmels They wanted to accompany. qe nnmels, p nnmels es nnmelsi They are wanting to accompany. qe es nnmelsi, pes nnmelsi qs nnmelsi They are going to want to accompany. qeqs nnmelsi, pqs nnmelsi
accomplish
nunm finish making; accomplish something. rt.: u
suffix: nunm completed; progression up to the point of completion.
nuis S/he accomplished s.t. nun, nunt es nunms S/he is accomplishing s.t. ies nunm, as nunm qs nunms S/he is going to accomplish s.t. iqs nunm, aqs nunm nuis They accomplished s.t. qe nuntm, nuntp es nunms They are accomplishing s.t. qe es nunm, qs nunmp
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word make/build/fix; comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
qs nunms They are going to accomplish s.t. qeqs nunm, qs nunmp
accustomed
em get accustomed/used to somebody or something. em S/he/it is used to it. n em, em em They are used to it. qe em, p em emis S/he/it got used to s.t./s.o. emin, emint es ems S/he/it is getting used to s.t./s.o. ies em, as em qs ems S/he/it is going to be used to s.t./s.o. iqs em, aqs em emis They got used to s.t./s.o. qe emintm, emintp es ems They are getting used to s.t./s.o. qe es em, es emp qs ems They are going to be used to s.t./s.o. qeqs em, qs emp sm habit; practice. ism, asm sms emint Get used to it. (comm.) aemncut, aemncu practice, drill, training. See: practice. samaqs something used to; something liked. (i.e. drugs) ha emint Are you used to it. ha emint qs uy nay Are you getting used to going to Missoula. emin u snlai I got used to; accustomed to the sweat. nemin u sle I got used to; accustomed to being a ball player.
amqs get accustomed to food. amqsmis S/he/it got used to the food. amqsmn, amqsmnt amaqsmis They got used to the food. qe amqsmntm, amqsmntp samqs Food that you are accustomed to. isamqs, asamqs, samqsts emule get used to an area/land/place. emule S/he/it got used to the place. n emule, emule emule They got used to the place. qe emule, p emule n amaqs t kapi Im just getting used to coffee. isamaqs u kapi Im used to coffee.
ache
al, a achy; sore; hurting; in pain. i al It is painfull; it aches. sal ache. alan have a sore/achy arm. See: arm. nalne have an earache. See: earache. alst have a sore/achy hand. See: hand. alqin have a headache. See: headache. nali back ache. See: backache. nalpus have a neckache. See: neckache. alls, al ill, sick. See: sick. als hurting inside; sick (in ones mind). See: sick. als sick to the stomach. (i.e. heartburn, ate to much) See: sick. allt very painful (physical or feelings). a ye iswan My arm hurts. e u pn a Now, that is painful. ha es alqini you have a headache. na l That one person got sick.
a very painful. a iswan My arm hurts. napa a te u lil sqeli Death can be very painful. a te u tnu snlai Sometimes it is painful in the sweat. a te u a suymt It is painful to sit on the ice.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word Do comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
uut very painful.
acne
seus pimple, zit. seeus pimples, acne.
acq
acquainted
snweist, snwe get more acquainted with someone. rt.: su recognition;
suffix: we action to each other.
snweist S/he got acquainted. i snweist, snweist es snweisti S/he is getting acquainted. nes snweisti, es snweisti qs snweisti S/he is going get acquainted. iqs snweisti, qs snweisti snweist They got acquainted. qe snweist, p snweist es snweisti They are getting acquainted. qe es snweisti, pes snweisti qs snweisti They are going get acquainted. qeqs snweisti, pqs snweisti
acquire
ti acquire something; get, receive something; gather. ti S/he acquired. n ti, ti ti They acquired. qe ti, p ti hayo qe ti ll Hey, weve got a calf. hayo qs ti nn Hey, hes going to get a wife! a em ti scpupun Maybe youll get saddness. ta qes eemscut ie ti ote Dont be nasty, you might acquire a baby. n ti ululim I got money. n ti nosi I acquired a dog. nu u e tunt t nu m ti esel One and add one, you get two. e m a m ti i How do you get candy?
tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick.
across
tihes across the land/valley.
tlihl across anything that is a line; R.R. track; or a border. ntihaqs across the road, street or highway. ntihes, ntihe across the canyon. tihi over the hill. ntihee across the room. nisut, nisu across the river. ste ici nisut What is that on the other side of the river? ha e u o iyusnt nisut Would you take me across the water? ni cross water. See: cross. ncusqs cross a road. rt.: cusi pass over; ircumfix: naqs nose, road. See: cross.
etc.). See: cross.
ncuss cross to the other side of something (i.e., thru a stand of trees, thru a crowd of people, (s.t.) something cuss cross to the other side of a plain or any flat land area. See: cross. ncuss cross to the other side of a tunnel. See: cross. stal walk on a narrow object. (i.e. log, rail road tracks, board, etc.) See: walk.
s.t. something
act like
ncucuwesm act like. ncucuwesis S/he/it act like s.o./s.t. ncucuwesn, ncucuwesnt es ncucuwesnms S/he/it is acting like s.o./s.t. ies ncucuwesnm, as ncucuwesnm
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
qs ncucuwesnms S/he/it is going to act like s.o./s.t. ncucuwesnm ncucuwesnt Act like s.o./s.t. (comm.) ncucuwesnt monqi Act like a monkey. nqlqlwenm imitate a walk or dance. alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: imitate. e like; same. See: like.
iqs ncucuwesnm, aqs
cuut way of doing (something); ones mannerism; ones gift from Creator. See: way. npscut, npscu act as Coyote; to be foolish; to mimic others actions just because they are doing it. rt.: snep coyote; suffix: cut action to the self. See: foolish. pusnct, pusnc self-conscious; be backward, shy, bashful, polite; be considerate; not impose. See: self-conscious.
add
tum add. tum S/he added (s.t.). n tum, tum es tumi S/he is adding (s.t.). nes tumi, es tumi qs tumi S/he is going to add (s.t.). iqs tumi, qs tumi tum They added (s.t.). qe tum, p tum es tumi They are adding (s.t.). qe es tumi, pes tumi qs tumi They are going to add (s.t.). qeqs tumi, pqs tumi tntes S/he added s.t. tnten, tnte es tums S/he is adding s.t. ies tum, as tum qs tums S/he is going to add s.t. iqs tum, aqs tum tntes They added s.t. qe tntem, tntep es tums They are adding s.t. qe es tum, es tump qs tums They are going to add s.t. qeqs tum, qs tump es ttmi S/he is adding (things). nes ttmi, es ttmi es ttums S/he is adding things. ies ttum, as ttum tntem S/he/it was added to. ntetm add water. suffix: et, t liquid. tlu add wood. tesn add rocks. suffix: sn rock. te add on to a house. suffix: e house. tsqe add a car; bought/borrowed a car. suffix: sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly
referring to horse or car
tast add days. suffix: ast sky, day. tcin add something to food. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. qeqs ttmisti yeta Were going to be adding today. nu u e nu one plus one. nu u e tunt t nu m ti esel One and add one, you get two.
Adele atl Adele. Adeline atlin Adeline. admiration yutm, yu admire something; wish for something.
(Traditionally, to show admiration of someones property made the owner obligated to give the object to the admirer. This word
therefore means more than admiring it has the undertone that someone is seeking someones property whether intentional or not. If admiration is abused the word can have a negative connotation.)
yutm S/he/it admired. n yutm, yutm es yuti S/he/it is admiring. nes yuti, es yuti qs yuti S/he/it is going to admire. iqs yuti, qs yuti yutm They admired. qe yutm, p yutm es yuti They are admiring. qe es yuti, pes yuti qs yuti They are going to admire. qeqs yuti, pqs yuti yutmis S/he/it admired s.o./s.t. yutmn, yutmnt es yutmms S/he/it is admiring s.o./s.t. ies yutmm, as yutmm qs yutmms S/he/it is going to admire s.o./s.t. iqs yutmm, aqs yutmm yutmis They admired s.o./s.t. qe yutmntm, yutmntp es yutmms They are admiring s.o./s.t. qe es yutmm, es yutmmp qs yutmms They are going to admire s.o./s.t. qeqs yutmm, qs yutmmp es yuyuti Each one is admiring. nes yuyuti, es yuyuti es yuyutmms S/he/it is admiring things/people. ies yuyutmm, as yuyutmm syut somebody who admires. prefix: s one who does. yutemn someone who always likes or admires. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. scyut something thats been admired. yutms Admire him/her/it. (comm.) yutmms ci t sqeli people who admire; fans. ime yustmst You should admire it.
Adolph
atl Adolph.
af
afirm
e Oh, thats it! cune Oh thats right; oh yes. we particle expressing affirmation and truth. See: true.
afraid
in afraid of getting hurt; careful and cautious. (i.e. falling, etc.) i in S/he/it is afraid. i n in, i in int afraid. int S/he/it was afraid. n int, int es inti S/he/it is afraid. nes inti, es inti qs inti S/he/it is going to be afraid. iqs inti, qs inti int They were afraid. qe int, p int es inti They are afraid. qe es inti, pes inti qs inti They are going to be afraid. qeqs inti, pqs inti intmis S/he/it was afraid of s.t. intmn, intmnt es intmms S/he/it is afraid of s.t. ies intmm, as intmm qs inti S/he/it is going to be afraid of s.t. iqs inti, aqs inti intmis They were afraid of s.t. qe intmntm, intmntp es intmms They are afraid of s.t. qe es intmm, es intmmp qs intmms They are going to be afraid of s.t. qeqs intmm, qs intmmp es ninti S/he/it is repeatedly afraid. nes ninti, es ninti es nintmms S/he/it is repeatedly afraid of s.t. ies nintmm, as nintmm 7
es inti S/he/it is a little afraid. nes inti, es inti es intmms S/he/it is a little afraid of s.t. ies intmm, as intmm nsnuis S/he finally got afraid of s.t. nsnun, nsnunt ntemn someone who is always fearful. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. nntemn someone who is constantly fearful. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. nenmu The individual that is always fearful. suffix: mu the individual who always does. innt dangerous. es intm Its fear. nnmscutlwis go around being fearful. ta es int ie nlope S/he/it isnt afraid hell fall in the water. ta es int ie lup S/he/it isnt afraid to get hurt. ime int You should be afraid. almistm afraid; give into; scared to offend; timid. es almi S/he/it is afraid/timid. nes almi, es almi almistmis S/he/it was afraid of s.o./s.t. almistmn, almistmnt es almistms S/he/it is afraid of s.o./s.t. ies almistm, as almistm qs almistms S/he/it is going to be afraid of s.o./s.t. iqs almistm, aqs almistm ta qs almistmnt u eye Dont give in to evil. n nte em lei u n almi t anwi I was scared you would get mad. nlm afraid/scared of something. See: scared. e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous. ssusm, ssu startle. See: startle.
African-American
ys Black person, African-American. rt.: y black.
i glossy; used to describe the shiny surface of rubber, dark sun tans and the skin of black people. i is very black face. ist very black hands. in very black feet.
afternoon
nyqi afternoon. est snyqi Good afternoon. u again. ha ue Again? Are you going to (do it) again? u iqs susti t ni Im going to drink pop again. et u ye sct Well, Its Monday again. mi u iqs susti I hope to drink again. against; eve.
sntoqi noon. See: noon.
again
against Agatha age
s Saturday; end of the week. akt Agatha.
akat little Agatha. smp age, year, snow (not yet on ground). ssmp ask how many snow; how old someone is. sspnt, ssp ask, how many years; how old someone is. sspnt How old is s/he/it? i sspnt, sspnt
sspent How old are they? qe sspnt, p sspnt iint u asspe Write how old you are. sspe u aniuyn What year is your car? sspe u ist How old were you when you first walked? n nuspe u n ist I was one when I first walked. e upn e cil m elcistmn qs ntmsq When you are fifteen I will let you drive. sspe u e lil How old was s/he when s/he died? spe u es ui sqeli numn How many years have you been working with the culture committee? nte snpent u cnic How old do you think s/he is? spent year. See: year. n clspent I am five years old. wl age; get old. See: old.
agree
nmistmm in agreement with something or someone. prefix: n gether with. nmistmis S/he/it agreed with s.o. nmistmn, nmistmnt es nmistmms S/he/it is in agreement with s.o. ies nmistmm, as nmistmm qs nmistmms S/he/it is going to be in agreement with s.o. iqs nmistmm, aqs nmistmm nmistmis They agreed with s.o. qe nmistmntm, nmistmntp es nmistmms They are in agreement with s.o. qe es nmistmm, es nmistmmp qs nmistmms They are going to be in agreement with s.o. qeqs nmistmm, qs nmistmmp nmistmm agree a little with someone. nmistmnt Agree with s.o. (comm.) es nmistmnwei They are in agreement with each other. qe es nmistmnwei, pes nmistmnwei ies nmistmm Im in agreement with you. nmistmncn I agreed with you. i e nmistmnt Agree good with him/her. (comm.) ta qs tam nmistmnt You have to agree with him/her.
numnwe become one with each other (to be in agreement with each other). es numnwei They are becoming one with each other. qe es numnwei, pes numnwei numnwe in a little way, become one with each other. nnum become one with someone; to agree wih someone. nnumis S/he become one with s.o. nnumn, nnumnt nnumncn I became one with you; I agreed with you. nielsmm in favor of s.t./s.o.; to be in acceptance of s.t.; to show preference for s.t./s.o. ielsmmis S/he/it was favored s.t./s.o. ielsmn, ielsmnt es nielsmms S/he/it is favoring s.t./s.o. ies nielsmm, as nielsmm s.t. something (s.t.) something qs nielsmms S/he/it is going to favor s.t./s.o. iqs nielsmm, aqs nielsmm implied ielsmis They were in favor of s.t./s.o. qe ielsmntm, ielsmntp s.o. someone P.l. Plural es nielsmms They are in favor of s.t./s.o. qe es nielsmm, es nielsmmp R.t. Root word qs nielsmms They are going to be in favor of s.t./s.o. qeqs nielsmm, qs comm. Command Lit. Literally nielsmmp Fig. Figuratively nielsmnt Favor it. (comm.) es iilmcuti S/he is favoring his/her self. nes iilmcuti, es iilmcuti es ielsmnwei They are favoring each other. qe es ielsmnwei, pes ielsmnwei
a related word.
i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
ta et u e o ilsmntm No, s/he already resents me. tam o es nielsmms S/he/it is not in favor of me. nyelsmncn I in favor of/with you. nunnmnwe believe each other (to agree with each other). See: believe. e that (also a saying to be in agreement; to give consent). u e Okay, that.
ahead
es it first, ahead. See: first.
es upisti S/he/it is winning. See: win.
air sap air. airplane utn airplane.

utn little airplane.
rt.: ut fly.
airport snutn airport. alarm liwmn bell. alarm clock liwmn spni alarm clock. Alaska altule Alaska. lit. cold world/land. alcohol wutn alcohol. rt.: w crazy; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
nil wine. rt.: il Red. ns beer. rt.: os Foam. nal vodka.
alert
us wide awake, alert, open-eyed. i n us S/he is wide awake. i n us, i us usi Be awake. (comm.)
e watching; alert. es eisti The dog is alert; its barking continuously; its looking around. uat notice/see everything; to not take surroundings for granted; to be alert (acting in a wild
way). rt.: uiwa wild.
es uati S/he/it is acting a little wild being alert. nes uati, es uati
Alex
alik Alex. aliks Alexander.

Alexander alder tree
iitp, iit alder tree. nusnt t ite Put alders in the fire.
Alice elis Alice. alligator sti alligator; big lizard. alike eai alike. See: like.
i the same one. e ep t e S/he/it has the same.
alive
lilt alive. 10
es lilt S/he/it is alive. nes lilt, es lilt es llilt They are alive. qe es llilt, pes llilt i S/he/it came alive. e i S/he/it came back to life. sclilt lifetime. nliltn life. es misti S/he/it is coming alive (born, hatched). es mscutisti S/he/it is making ones self come alive. qe lilt u t eye Deliver us from evil. ha puti es lilt Is s/he/it still alive? wis in u i S/he finished eating and came alive. nlencut bring ones self back alive.
all
all
esy everything, everyone, all. esya All of them. qe esy, p esy pesy m p qinm All of you put on a headdress. siyent esy ci snemutn Count all the chairs. ay esy sqli All the people laughed. esy u es misten I know everthing. mil complete, whole, all over, all around. See: complete.
all kinds
naqsm, na many things not the same. nqsm u ieu all kinds of wildlife. na u iuyn all kinds of cars. na u sqeli all kinds of people. witn na u ieu I saw all kinds of animals. mil complete, whole, all over, all around. See: complete. es mlmule everywhere. i e u almost. i e u n na t ululim I almost stole the money. n wim t nmqe issm i e u qe tamnqnwe I saw a bear so close we almost bumped heads.
all around almost
it close to, almost to. See: close. it intoqin Its almost noon. e ready. See: already. ha e oma Are you almost ready?
alone
qsm, alone. i qsm Im alone. i n qsm, i qsm naqsm S/he is one person. n naqsm, naqsm i naqsm u ci All alone s/he arrived here. (implies a hardship)
i mi u stipn u is swen Alone Stephen went to dance.
alpine fir already
maninp alpine, subalpine fir.
e ready. ta et u e o ilsmntm No, shes already accepted me. e es lpulei Its already getting light. e ep sqli ye e u ciap u usli There were already people here when the Salish came in. snwntn lm e esnnems Theyre already singing
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the war dance song. e n wisi Ive already finished eaten. e ep sqli u cnpil There were already people here when they came in. hoy et e es mncuti They were already lining up. uyqntp ni e u t uli You guys pile it up, because theres already a lot of deer. e u es wis suumentm ye sqliule They had already finished measuring out Indian land.
also
e also, too. u e ta es yoostp u sip Also, you guys dont know how to hunt. nmnt u mul t mmt u e ppo u e t apsl u e wim Mix cottonwood with aspen and willow and also applewood, if you can find it. pup alumroot.
alumroot always
tmil always, repeatedly. tmil emtes esi u l Little Prairie always sits in that tree. tmil m qe es nums We will always have a smile. tmil n sust t kapi I always drink coffee. tmil nes susti t kapi I am always drinking coffee. tmil u es ui S/hes always working.
ie always; do. ie n sust t kapi I drink coffee. tma ie sust t sew es nmpci Thats why you drink water, because you are thirsty. ie in S/he/it eats. e um ie pu u asu When you fart it stinks. ha ie nacant u annon Do you kiss your wife? ha ie usm Do you eat marrow? ha ie is awm Do you go and pray? al everytime. See: everytime. e gee; geealways/again; oh. See: exclamation. e es susti t kapi Gee, youre always drinking coffee. e e emut Gee, youre sitting again! e ittmst Oh, you made it easy.
Ambrose aml Ambrose. amen mi ei amen. lit. hope Its like that. American suypi white people. (This term is used to describe Caucasian people; generally it refers
to people who are not Native American. The term is also used to describe the English language.) See: white people. snuyapcn English. See: English. pusuypi spouse of somebody who is a white person. See: spouse. suyaplqs white people clothing, American clothing. See: clothes. suypsqe American stock, horses, cattle,etc. See: horse.
American bittern American coot American crow American dipper American kestrel
witu bittern, american bittern. slqn mudhen, American coot.

coot, American coot. sca American crow. oie American dipper; water osel. yecic sparrow hawk; American kestrel.
an
Anastasia
anast Anastasia.
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ancestor ancient Andrew angel angle
lmusn ancestor. t ssps ancient; a very long time ago. antli Andrew. n angel.
um shape/form into something. umsts S/he tighten/formed around it. uymstn, uymst es ums S/he is tightening/forming around it. ies uym, as uym qs ums S/he is going to tighten/form around it. iqs uym, aqs uym es um Its put into an angle/bent/shaped. es iu Each one is formed. scu something thats been formed. sciu things that have been formed. ums Shape it. (comm.)
angleworm yan angleworm, earthworm. angry ymt angry, mad.
See: worm.
ymt S/he/it was angry. n ymt, ymt es ymti S/he/it is angry. nes ymti, es ymti qs ymti S/he/it is going to be angry. iqs ymti, qs ymti aymt They were angry. qe ymt, p ymt es aymti They are angry. qe es ymti, pes ymti qs aymti They are going to be angry. qeqs ymti, pqs ymti ymtmis S/he/it got angry toward s.o. ymtmn, ymtmnt es ymtmms S/he/it is angry toward s.o. ies ymtmm, as ymtmm qs ymtmms S/he/it is going to be angry toward s.o. iqs ymtmm, aqs ymtmm aymtmis They got angry toward s.o. qe ymtmntm, ymtmntp es aymtmms They are angry toward s.o. qe es ymtmm, es ymtmmp qs aymtmms They are going to be angry toward s.o. qeqs ymtmm, qs ymtmmp es ymti S/he/it is a little angry. nes ymti, es ymti es ymtmms S/he/it is a little angry toward s.o. ies ymtmm, as ymtmm amtemn Somone who always likes to get mad. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ymti Get angry. (comm.) ymtmnt Get angry at s.o. (comm.) ymscut S/he/it got angry at his/her/its self. n ymscut, ymscut es ymscuti S/he/it is getting angry at his/her/its self. nes ymscuti, es ymscuti es naymlsi S/he/it is working toward getting angry. nes naymlsi, es naymlsi es namtelsi S/he/it is wanting to get angry. nes namtelsi, es namtelsi es naymtelsi S/he is feeling angry. nes naymtelsi, es naymtelsi es amtmlwisi S/he/it is going around being angry. nes amtmlwisi, es amtmlwisi li really angry, mad, in a rage. li S/he/it got really angry. n li, li es li S/he/it is really angry. nes li, es li qs li S/he/it is going to be really angry. iqs li, qs li lei They got really angry. qe li, p li es lei They are really angry. qe es li, pes li qs lei They are going to be really angry. qeqs li, pqs li
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lis S/he/it got really angry at s.o. ln, lnt es lnms S/he/it is really angry at s.o. ies lnm, as lnm qs li S/he/it is really going to be angry at s.o. iqs lnm, aqs lnm leis They got really angry at s.o. qe lntm, lntp es lenms They are really angry at s.o. qe es lnm, es lnmp qs lenms They are going to be really angry at s.o. qeqs lnm, qs lnmp es i S/he/it is, a little, really angry. nes i, es i es lnms S/he/it is, a little, really angry at s.o. ies lnm, as lnm lemn someone who always likes to be angry. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. lei Get really angry. (comm.) liscut S/he got really angry at his/her self. n liscut, liscut es liscuti S/he is getting really angry at his/her self. nes liscuti, es liscuti es llwisi S/he is going around being really angry. nes llwisi, es llwisi lles have mean eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. See: eye. n tenm lei aelmi t anwi I was scared you would get mad. o es lnms S/he is angry with me. ttels, tte angry, mad, vicious; the extreme of anger. ttels S/he/it got extremely angry. n ttels, ttels es ttelsi S/he/it is extremely angry. nes ttelsi, es ttelsi qs ttelsi S/he/it is going to be extremely angry. iqs ttelsi, qs ttelsi ttels They got extremely angry. qe ttels, p ttels es ttelsi They are extremely angry. qe es ttelsi, pes ttelsi qs ttelsi They are going to be extremely angry. qeqs ttelsi, pqs ttelsi ttelsmis S/he/it got extremely angry at s.o. ttelsmn, ttelsmnt es ttelsmms S/he/it is extremely angry at s.o. ies ttelsmm, as ttelsmm qs ttelsmms S/he/it is going to be extremely angry at s.o. iqs ttelsmm, aqs ttelsmm ttels They got extremely angry at s.o. qe ttelsmntm, ttelsmntp es ttelsmms They are extremely angry at s.o. qe es ttelsmm, es ttelsmmp qs ttelsmms They are going to be extremely angry at s.o. qeqs ttelsmm, qs ttelsmmp es ttelsi S/he/it is a little extremely angry. nes ttelsi, es ttelsi es ttelsmms S/he/it is a little extremely angry at s.o. ies ttelsmm, as ttelsmm ttlsemn someone who always likes to get really angry. suffix: emn one who always likes
to do.
naupqs have a broken nose. An expression indicating someone is angry. naupqs S/he/it got angry. n naupqs, naupqs es naupqsi S/he/it is angry. nes naupqsi, es naupqsi qs naupqsi S/he/it is going to be angry. iqs naupqsi, qs naupqsi naupaqs They got angry. qe naupqs, p naupqs es naupaqsi They are angry. qe es naupqsi, pes naupqsi qs naupaqsi They are going to be angry. qeqs naupqsi, pqs naupqsi nauaupaqs Each one of them got angry. qe nauaupqs, p nauaupqs ta qes naupaqs Dont be angry/mad. niwm have angry/nasty/bad actions or words. niwis S/he had angry actions toward s.o. niwn, niwnt es niwms S/he is doing angry things toward s.o. ies niwm, as niwm
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qs niwms S/he is going to do angry things toward s.o. iqs niwm, aqs niwm niwis They had angry actions toward s.o. qe niwntm, niwntp es niwms They are doing angry things toward s.o. qe es niwm, es niwmp qs niwms They are going to do angry things toward s.o. qeqs niwm, qs niwmp niwnt Do angry things toward s.o. (comm.) o es niwms S/he is doing angry things toward me. ta qes niwst Dont do angry things toward him/her. hawawl tell off; yell at someone. See: tell off.
ani
animal
ieyu animals. ieu, ieu birds. See: birds. ule little animals, rodents. ( Sound/action little animals make/do.) See: rodent. tiule insect, bug. lit. Earth crawler. rt.: tiye crawl; suffix: ule land. See: insect. ntiule worm, insect, bug. See: worm. sqe, sq suffix indicating horses, domestic animals, or vehicles. es siyenusqei S/he is counting horses/domestic animals/cars. nes siyenusqei, es siyenusqei mosq His/her car/horse broke down. n mosq, mosq lsq His/her horse/car is dead. n lsq, lsq asqe look for horses, domestic animals, or vehicles. See: look. nsqe, nsq one horse, domestic animal, vehicle. aslsqe, aslsq two horses, domestic animals, vehicles. alsqe, alsq three horses, domestic animals, vehicles. msqe, msq four horses, domestic animals, vehicles. clsqe, clsq five horses, domestic animals, vehicles. tsqe, tsq six horses, domestic animals, vehicles. ssqe, ssq seven horses, domestic animals, vehicles. hanmsqe, hanmsq eight horses, domestic animals, vehicles. tsqe, tsq nine horses, domestic animals, vehicles. upnsqe, upnsq ten horses, domestic animals, vehicles. upn e nsqe eleven horses, domestic animals, vehicles. asqe, asq many horses, domestic animals, vehicles. n ep msq t pus u aslsq t snasq u e nsq t iuyn I have four cats, two s.t. something horses, and one car. (s.t.) something
ankle annoy
smcinn ankle.
mestmm annoy. es mestmms S/he/it is bothering s.o. ies mestmm, as mestmm qs mestmms S/he/it is going to bother s.o. iqs mestmm, aqs mestmm es mestmms They are bothering s.o. qe es mestmm, es mestmmp qs mestmms They are going to bother s.o. qeqs mestmm, qs mestmmp mestmtum bother (someone). (comm.)
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nlos An action showing disdain toward someone. This is done with the arm out and the wrist
slightly bent down; then by extending, spreading and curving the index and middle fingers in the direction of the recipient. The fingers are to appear as spread legs. This action is similar to flipping someone off by extending the middle finger.
nlosis S/he showed disdain toward s.o. nlosn, nlosnt o nlosntm I was shown disdain by someone.
answer
enqcn answer someone. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. encnm S/he answered. n encnm, encnm es encni S/he is answering. nes encni, es encni qs encni S/he is going to answer. iqs encni, qs encni encnm They answered. qe encnm, p encnm es encni They are answering. qe es encni, pes encni qs encni They are going to answer. qeqs encni, pqs encni encis S/he answered s.o. encn, encnt es encnms S/he is answering s.o. ies encnm, as encnm qs encnms S/he is going to answer s.o. iqs encnm, aqs encnm encis They answered s.o. qe encntm, encntp es encnms They are answering s.o. qe es encnm, es encnmp qs encnms They are going to answer s.o. qeqs encnm, qs encnmp encnt Answer him/her. (comm.) encnnt Answer for him/her. (comm.) qe nnenmist We answered each others questions.
ant suye ant. anteater sinm suye anteater. antelope stan, stan antelope; prong horn. anticipate pspmals, pspma nervously anticipating.
pspmals S/he was nervously anticipating. n pspmals, pspmals es pspmalsi S/he is nervously anticipating. nes pspmalsi, es pspmalsi qs pspmalsi S/he is going to be nervously anticipating. iqs pspmalsi, qs pspmalsi pspmals They were nervously anticipating. qe pspmals, p pspmals es pspmalsi They are nervously anticipating. qe es pspmalsi, pes pspmalsi qs pspmalsi They are going to be nervously anticipating. qeqs pspmalsi, pqs pspmalsi pspmalsmis S/he was excited over s.t/s.o. pspmalsmn, pspmalsmnt es pspmalsmms S/he is excited over s.t/s.o. ies pspmalsmm, as pspmalsmm something qs pspmalsmms S/he is going to be excited over s.t/s.o. iqs pspmalsmm, aqs s.t. something (s.t.) pspmalsmm implied s.o. someone pspmals They were excited over s.t/s.o. qe pspmalsmntm, pspmalsmntp P.l. Plural es pspmalsmms They are excited over s.t/s.o. qe es pspmalsmm, es pspmalsmmp R.t. Root word qs pspmalsmms They are going to be excited over s.t/s.o. qeqs pspmalsmm, qs comm. Command Lit. Literally pspmalsmmp Fig. Figuratively
antler
qmin antlers, horns.

a related word.
mu antler nubs. nnal one spike. 16
nie two spiked/forked antler. eln suffix indicating antler or horn. See: horn.
Antoine atwn Antoine; Tony. any imi any; whatever.

imi sacal any sickness. amim t s tam t imi tam t nt u t li You gather rocks, not just any old rocks, not from the river or from the lake. mi none, out of. mile nobody around. mi u inululim I dont have any money. mi u qesin We dont have any food.
anyone
te swe anybody; anyone; somebody. ha te swe witm Did anyone else see him/her? e te swe qs m e nin If anyone wants to trap, they should come along. e te swe qs ci m e in If anyone wants to trap they should come along. pspma anxious; nervously anticipating. rt.: psap excited/nervous. pspma S/he was anxious. n pspma, pspma es pspma S/he is anxious. nes pspma, es pspma qs pspma S/he is going to be anxious. iqs pspma, qs pspma pspma They were anxious. qe pspma, p pspma es pspma They are anxious. qe es pspma, pes pspma qs pspma They are going to be anxious. qeqs pspma, pqs pspma pspmamis S/he was anxious about s.t. pspmamn, pspmamnt es pspmanms S/he is anxious about s.t. ies pspmanm, as pspmanm qs pspmanms S/he is going to be anxious about s.t. iqs pspmanm, aqs pspmanm pspmamis They were anxious about s.t. qe pspmamntm, pspmamntp es pspmanms They are anxious about s.t. qe es pspmanm, es pspmanmp qs pspmanms They are going to be anxious about s.t. qeqs pspmanm, qs pspmanmp pspmnwe They were anxious about each other. qe pspmnwe, p pspmnwe es pspmnwei They are anxious about each other. qe es pspmnwei, pes pspmnwei psap excited/nervous. See: excited. n psap u n npawsm I was anxious and I soiled my pants.
anxious
nqaupups literally: have an itchy butt; figuratively: anxious, restless and unable to sit still.
See: itch.
nqaupups S/he/it was anxious. n nqaupups, nqaupups es nqaupupsi S/he/it is anxious. nes nqaupupsi, es nqaupupsi qs nqaupupsi S/he/it is going to be anxious. iqs nqaupupsi, qs nqaupupsi im anxious, in a hurry. See: hurry.
apart es nite It falls apart easily; its tender. (i.e., meat.) See: tender. apparent i wnwi its plainly visible; evident; apparent; very clear; its obvious. appear a appear/show up.
a S/he/it appeared. n a, a
See: plain.
17
ca S/he/it appeared here. n ca, ca amscut S/he made his/her self appear. n amscut, amscut es amscuti S/he is making his/her self appear. nes amscuti, es amscuti qs amscuti S/he is going to make his/her self appear. iqs amscuti, qs amscuti amscut They made themselves appear. qe amscut, p amscut es amscuti They are making themselves appear. qe es amscuti, pes amscuti qs amscuti They are going to make themselves appear. qeqs amscuti, pqs amscuti amstes S/he made s.o./s.t. appear. amsten, amste amstes They made s.o./s.t. appear. qe amstem, amstep amists S/he made s.o./s.t. appear. amistn, amist amists They made s.o./s.t. appear. qe amistm, amistp amusts S/he made s.o. appear. amusten, amust Infix: us face. amusts They made s.o. appear. qe amustem, amustp Infix: us face. aa Each one of them appeared. qe aa, p aa a S/he appeared a little. n a, a samscut somebody who makes themselves appear. prefix: s one who does. salwis somebody who keeps showing up. prefix: s one who does. ntin place of appearance. amscutisti Make yourself appear/show up. (comm.) alwis go around showing up/to make appearances here and there. es alwisi S/he is keeps showing up. nes alwisi, es alwisi aacnwe They showed up together. qe aacnwe, p aacnwe e e ca m qe uy When s/he/it appears again well go.
apple pls apple. apple juice aplset apple juice; cider. applesauce apple tree applewood appoint
try.
suffix: et, t liquid. aplscses apple juice. lit. the apples juice.
snpus apls applesauce. lit. boiled apples. aplsl apple tree, applewood. aplsl applewood, apple tree. nnmist appoint; to make a personal choice. rt.: nm choose, pick, select, or
nnmiststs S/he appointed s.o. nnmiststn, nnmistst nnmiststs They appointed s.o. qe nnmiststm, nnmiststp nnmiststm S/he was appointed. snnmists His/her appointment. isnnmist, asnnmist o nnmiststm I was appointed. nem choose, pick, select, or try. See: choose. tum put something down/to place someone in charge/to appoint. See: place. tntes S/he/it placed s.t./s.o. tnten, tnte tntes They placed s.t./s.o. qe tntem, tntep
18
April siymn spni April (month of the buttercup). apron mii apron. aquarium snsewtn aquarium.
ar
arch
pusm arched over. rt.: pi bent. pusis S/he arched s.t. over. pusn, pusnt es pusms S/he is arching s.t. over. ies pusm, as pusm qs pusms S/he is going to arch s.t. over. iqs pusm, aqs pusm pusnt Arch it over. (comm.) pesm bowed over. rt.: pi bent. See: bowed.
area
ule suffix indicating land, place, or area. nu elule One of three or 1/3. (This is in reference to area.) nu msule One of four or 1/4. (This is in reference to area.) nu clstule One of five or 1/5. (This is in reference to area.) nu nstule One of six or 1/6. (This is in reference to area.) nu sstule One of seven or 1/7. (This is in reference to area.) nu henmule One of eight or 1/8 (This is in reference to area.) nu ntule One of nine or 1/9. (This is in reference to area.) nu upnstule One of ten or 1/10. (This is in reference to area.) ncut argue. ncut S/he argued. n ncut, ncut es ncuti S/he is arguing. nes ncuti, es ncuti qs ncuti S/he is going to argue. iqs ncuti, qs ncuti ncut They argued. qe ncut, p ncut es ncuti They are arguing. qe es ncuti, pes ncuti qs ncuti They are going to argue. qeqs ncuti, pqs ncuti is S/he argued with s.o. in, int es ims S/he is arguing with s.o. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to argue with s.o. iqs im, aqs im is They argued with s.o. qe intm, intp es ims They are arguing with s.o. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to argue with s.o. qeqs im, qs imp es ncuti S/he is arguing a little. nes ncuti, es ncuti es ims S/he is arguing a little with s.o. ies im, as im is S/he argued for s.o. in, it ncutn arguer/lawyer. ncutis, inncutn, anncutn nmu the individual that argues. suffix: mu the individual who always does. si argument. sis, isi, asi i Argue. (comm.) int Argue with someone. (comm.) nw, nw argue with each other. es nwisti They are arguing with each other. qe es nwisti, pes nwisti tum Each one argued. 19
argue
ste u asi What is your argument? o it Argue for me.
Arlee arm
na, nal. lit. thick trees. rt.: at wide; suffix: al wood. suwn arm. suuwan (pl.)
an suffix indicating arm. apan broken arm. usnan long arm. tunan big arm. ani swinging arms. See: swing. a ye iswan my arm hurts. schst, sch right hand. siest, si left hand. alan have a sore/achy arm. rt.: al ache. alan S/he/it had a sore arm. n alan, alan es alani S/he/it has a sore arm. nes alani, es alani qs alani S/he/it is going to have a sore arm. iqs alani, qs alani alan They had a sore arm. qe alan, p alan es alani They have a sore arm. qe es alani, pes alani qs alani They are going to have a sore arm. qeqs alani, pqs alani
arm wrestle
lanm arm wrestle. rt.: oll roll; suffix: an arm. lanm S/he arm wrestled. n lanm, lanm es lani S/he is arm wrestling. nes lani, es lani qs lani S/he is arm wrestling. iqs lani, qs lani lanm S/he arm wrestled. n lanm, lanm es lani S/he is arm wrestling. nes lani, es lani qs lani S/he is arm wrestling. iqs lani, qs lani es lanwei They are arm wrestling each other. qe es lanwei, pes lanwei
umumanwi arm wrestle.
armband armpit around
iyallan armband. snman armpit. sniman armpit.
snupupan armpit hair. li go around something. li S/he/it went around. n li, li es lmi S/he/it is going around. nes lmi, es lmi qs lmi S/he/it is going to go around. iqs lmi, qs lmi li They went around. qe li, p li es lmi They are going around. qe es lmi, pes lmi qs lmi They are going to go around. qeqs lmi, pqs lmi lmis S/he/it went around s.t./s.o. lmin, lmint es lminms S/he/it is going around s.t./s.o. ies lminm, as lminm qs lminms S/he/it is going to go around s.t./s.o. iqs lminm, aqs lminm lmis They went around s.t./s.o. qe lmintm, lmintp es lmims They are going around s.t./s.o. qe es lminm, es lminmp qs lmims They are going to go around s.t./s.o. qeqs lminm, qs lminmp
20
es llmi They are going around and around. qe es llmi, pes llmi es llminms S/he/it is going around and around s.t./s.o. ies llminm, as llminm llmis S/he/it circled around s.o./s.t. llmin, llmint es llminms S/he/it is circling around s.o./s.t. ies llminm, as llminm qs llminms S/he/it is going to circle around s.o./s.t. iqs llminm, aqs llminm llmis They circled around s.o./s.t. qe llmintm, llmintp es llminms They are circling around s.o./s.t. qe es llminm, es llminmp qs llminms They are going to circle around s.o./s.t. qeqs llminm, qs llminmp es lmi They are going around. qe es lmi, pes lmi es lminms S/he/it is going around s.t./s.o. ies lminm, as lminm llmis S/he/it went around and around s.t. a little. llmin, llmint li Go around. (comm.) lmint Go around something. (comm.) es lmnwei They are going around each other. qe es lmnwei, pes lmnwei qe es llmilt S/he/it is circling around us. es llminms S/he/it is circling around you. lmstes S/he/it brought s.t./s.o. around. lmsten, lmste es lmims S/he/it is bringing s.t./s.o. around. ies lmim, as lmim qs lmims S/he/it is going to bring s.t./s.o. around. iqs lmim, aqs lmim lmstes They brought s.t./s.o. around. qe lmstem, lmstep es lmims They are bringing s.t./s.o. around. qe es lmim, es lmimp qs lmims They are going to bring s.t./s.o. around. qeqs lmim, qs lmimp o llmist Go around it for me. (comm.) nli go around the inside of something. nli S/he/it went around the inside. n nli, nli es nlmi S/he/it is going around the inside. nes nlmi, es nlmi qs nlmi S/he/it is going to go around the inside. iqs nlmi, qs nlmi nli They went around the inside. qe nli, p nli es nlmi They are going around the inside. qe es nlmi, pes nlmi qs nlmi They are going to go around the inside. qeqs nlmi, pqs nlmi nlmis S/he/it went around the inside of s.t. nlmin, nlmint es nlminms S/he/it is going around the inside of s.t. ies nlminm, as nlminm qs nlminms S/he/it is going to go around the inside of s.t. iqs nlminm, aqs nlminm nlmis They went around the inside of s.t. qe nlmintm, nlmintp es nlminms They are going around the inside of s.t. qe es nlminm, es nlminmp qs nlminms They are going to go around the inside of s.t. qeqs nlminm, qs s.t. something nlminmp (s.t.) something nli Go around the inside. (comm.) nlmint Go around the inside of it. (comm.) nes nlmi es i Im going around the inside of the camp. nli es i They around the inside of the camp. nlim go around somebodys back. suffix: i back. nliis S/he/it went around s.o. nli, nlit es nlims S/he/it is going around s.o. ies nlim, as nlim qs nlims S/he/it is going to go around s.o. iqs nlim, aqs nlim nliis They went around s.o. qe nlitm, nlitp
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word went comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
21
es nlims They are going around s.o. qe es nlim, es nlimp qs nlims They are going to go around s.o. qeqs nlim, qs nlimp lmncut make ones self turn around. See: round dance. lmncut S/he/it turned around. n lmncut, lmncut es lmncuti S/he is turning around. nes lmncuti, es lmncuti qs lmncuti S/he is going to turn around. iqs lmncuti, qs lmncuti lmncut They turned around. qe lmncut, p lmncut es lmncuti They are turning around. qe es lmncuti, pes lmncuti qs lmncuti They are going to turn around. qeqs lmncuti, pqs lmncuti lmstes S/he/it turned s.t./s.o. around. lmsten, lmste es lmims S/he/it is turning s.t./s.o. around. ies lmim, as lmim qs lmims S/he/it is going to turn s.t./s.o. around. iqs lmim, aqs lmim lmstes They went s.t./s.o. around. qe lmstem, lmstep es lmims They are turning s.t./s.o. around. qe es lmim, es lmimp qs lmims They are going to turn s.t./s.o. around. qeqs lmim, qs lmimp lem go around the outside of a village/house/tipi. lem S/he/it went around the outside. n lem, lem es lei S/he/it is going around the outside. nes lei, es lei qs lei S/he/it is going to go around the outside. iqs lei, qs lei lem They went around the outside. qe lem, p lem es lei They are going around the outside. qe es lei, pes lei qs lei They are going to go around the outside. qeqs lei, pqs lei lemis S/he/it went around the outside of it. lemn, lemnt es lems S/he/it is going around the outside of it. ies lem, as lem qs lems S/he/it is going to go around the outside of it. iqs lem, aqs lem lem They went around the outside of it. qe lemntm, lemntp es lems They are going around the outside of it. qe es lem, es lemp qs lems They are going to go around the outside of it. qeqs lem, qs lemp nlem go around the inside of a structure or village (i.e., building, tipi, house, etc.). nlem S/he/it went around the inside. n nlem, nlem es nlei S/he/it is going around the inside. nes nlei, es nlei qs nlei S/he/it is going to go around the inside. iqs nlei, qs nlei nlem They went around the inside. qe nlem, p nlem es nlei They are going around the inside. qe es nlei, pes nlei qs nlei They are going to go around the inside. qeqs nlei, pqs nlei nlemis S/he/it went around the inside of it. nlemn, nlemnt es nlems S/he/it is going around the inside of it. ies nlem, as nlem qs nlems S/he/it is going to go around the inside of it. iqs nlem, aqs nlem s.t. something nlem They went around the inside of it. qe nlemntm, nlemntp (s.t.) something es nlems They are going around the inside of it. qe es nlem, es nlemp s.o. implied someone qs nlems They are going to go around the inside of it. qeqs nlem, qs P.l. Plural R.t. Root word nlemp comm. Command em qe nl Well go around the inside of the camp. nlusm go around a fire. nlusm S/he/it went around a fire. n nlusm, nlusm es nlusi S/he/it is going around a fire. nes nlusi, es nlusi qs nlusi S/he/it is going to go around a fire. iqs nlusi, qs nlusi
Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

a related word.
22
ncnncut make a complete revolution; to make a circle; to meet ones own foot prints/tracks. This word is used to describe cycles such as birthdays, and the telling of time in showing
hours. rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot; suffix: cut action to the self. See: meet.
ncnncut S/he/it went around, its his/her birthday. n ncnncut, ncnncut ha ncnncut Did you make it clear around, is it your birthday? ncnncut spni one time around the clock. im turn something over. See: turn. mncut turn ones self over/back. mncut S/he/it turned over/back. n mncut, mncut es mncuti S/he/it is turning over/back. nes mncuti, es mncuti qs mncuti S/he/it is going to turn over/back. iqs mncuti, qs mncuti mncut They turned over/back. qe mncut, p mncut es mncuti They are turning over/back. qe es mncuti, pes mncuti qs mncuti They are going to turn over/back. qeqs mncuti, pqs mncuti mncut Turn over/back. (comm.) ntals face toward some direction. suffix: us face. See: face. qcqcl run around leisurely; not doing work. See: run.
arr
arrest
nm take something; arrest. See: take. is S/he/it took s.t./s.o. n, nt es nems S/he/it is taking s.t./s.o. ies nem, as nem qs nems S/he/it is going to take s.t./s.o. iqs nem, aqs nem ntm S/he was taken/arrested. rt.: en take. snem somebody who takes/grabs; police. prefix: s one who does. i tie up; arrest. See: tie. es i S/he/it is tied up. ntes S/he tied s.o./s.t. up. nten, nte ntes S/he tied s.o./s.t. up. qe ntem, ntep ntem S/he got tied him up. sim somebody who ties up; police. prefix: s one who does. snlmin Jail; place where you are tied up. lolocn handcuffs.
arrive
i, i S/he/it arrived there. ci, ci S/he/it arrived there. lwis pasq u i Through his persistence and determination Pascal arrived put u teswe ep ci somebody has just arrived. t piste u e ci did you get back?
iap They arrived there. ciap They arrived here. ciap Each one arrived here. t piste u p e ciap When did you (pl) get back?
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied someone there. s.o. Plural P.l. When R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
arrow
apmin arrow. 23
arrow head snululmu arrow head. arrowleaf basalmroot tu sunflower root. arthritic saalsom aching bones, sore bones. ashamed e ashamed.
e S/he/it was ashamed. n e, e es emi S/he/it is ashamed. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to be ashamed. iqs emi, qs emi e They were ashamed. qe e, p e es emi They are ashamed. qe es emi, pes emi qs emi They are going to be ashamed. qeqs emi, pqs emi emis S/he/it got ashamed of s.t./s.o. emin, emint es eminms S/he/it is ashamed of s.t./s.o. ies eminm, as eminm qs eminms S/he/it is going to be ashamed of s.t./s.o. iqs eminm, aqs eminm emis They got ashamed of s.t./s.o. qe emintm, emintp es eminms They are ashamed of s.t./s.o. qe es eminm, es eminmp qs eminms They are going to be ashamed of s.t./s.o. qeqs eminm, qs eminmp emn someone who is always ashamed. et shameful. eeplem embarrassed. See: embarrassed. em e S/he/it will get ashamed. em n e, em e em e They will get shamed. em qe e, em p e o es emitms incit Hes ashamed of my house. ha es emi qs wen Are you ashamed to dance? ha es e qs ntmsq Arent you ashamed to drive? ta qes eminm Dont be ashamed. ta qes emist u annuwewltn Dont be ashamed of your language. ta qes e m le Dont be ashamed when you talk. o es emitms iniuyn Hes ashamed of my car.
ashes ash tray ask
t, powdery ashes.
lmin ash chunks; charcoal. (used as a teething medicine) snelmn at ash tray. mentn snelmn ash tray. sw ask, inquire. sewm S/he/it asked. n sewm, sewm es sewi S/he/it is asking. nes sewi, es sewi qs sewi S/he/it is going to ask. iqs sewi, qs sewi sewm They asked. qe sewm, p sewm es sewi They are asking. qe es sewi, pes sewi qs sewi They are going to ask. qeqs sewi, pqs sewi sewis S/he/it asked. sewn, sewnt es sewms S/he/it is asking her/him/it. ies sewm, as sewm qs sewms S/he/it is going to ask her/him/it. iqs sewm, aqs sewm sewis They asked. qe sewntm, sewntp es sewms They are asking her/him/it. qe es sewm, es sewmp qs sewms They are going to ask her/him/it. qeqs sewm, qs sewmp sewnt You ask him/her/it. (comm.) 24
em qs sewms S/he/it will be asking her/him/it. em iqs sewm, em aqs sewm em qs sewms They are going to ask her/him/it. em qe qs sewm, em qs sewmp o swis S/he asked me. sewnt asat e Ask your friend how S/he/it is. utmist ask for help. es utmistms S/he/it is asking him/her/it for help. ies utmistm, as utmistm nsucnmi proposal. hoy iqs is nsucnmi Okay Ill go propose. nawqnm call upon/challenge someone; to ask for someone; to encourage. See: challenge. nawqncn call on someone to talk. See: call. nawqnelm call on someone to volunteer. See: call. omistm ask for something. qs omistms S/he is asking s.o. for s.t. qs omistms, qs omistms iqs omistm Im asking you for s.t.
asleep
es iti S/he/it is sleeping; asleep. See: sleep.
suln foot fell asleep, went numb. sulst hand fell asleep, went numb. soln arm fell asleep, went numb. tmenwen have no feeling. See: feel.
aspen ass
mmtp, mmt quaking aspen.
nups dirty butt. rt.: i dirty; circumfix: nups butt, tail. yeppn nups You dirty butt. (a derogatory saying) u nups Those dirty butts.
Assiniboine nustaptne, nusta Assiniboine. attack icut attack/rush in/charge in.

pmis S/he/it attacked s.o. pmin, pmint pmsqe S/he attacked. n pmsqe, pmsqe icutwi Everybody attack. (comm.)
ate atop
in S/he/it ate. See: eat. qe on top of. See: above.
qa arrive at the top of a hill or mountain. See: above. nwist up, above, up high. See: up.
attorney attract attempt auction
sle attorney; someone who talks; talker. prefix: s one who does. es enmmi attracting; get somebodys attention. es m S/he tried. See: try.
wewm auction. rt.: wem yell, holler. es wewm S/he is calling out; auctioning. swewem auctioneer. prefix: s one who does. swewem somebody who calls out; an auctioneer. rt.: wem yell, holler;
prefix: s one who does. See: holler.
auctioneer
25
August August aunt
s spni August (month of the huckleberry). uyust August; a mans name.
sui paternal aunt of a male (fathers sister). tetie, ti paternal aunt of a female (fathers sister). qe maternal aunt (mothers sister). wstn aunt or uncle after death of connecting relative; step-parent. swlt aunt or uncle after death of connecting relative. iuyn automobile, car. lit. Wrinkled feet. rt.: uy wrinkle; suffix: n foot.
See: car.
automobile
avalanche sillii avalanche. avenge yst revenge, got even. awake qit wake up.
es qit S/he/it is awake. nes qit, es qit es qlit They are awake. qe es qlit, pes qlit qit S/he/it woke up. n qit, qit qtumn something that wakes you. qtemn someone that wakes easy. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. qit Wake up. (comm.) qlitwi All of you wake up. (comm.) lin m qit What time will you wake. qints S/he/it woke you up. us wide awake, alert, open-eyed. See: alert. i pe You are wide awake/alert. smmas have gummy eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. smmas You have gummed eyes; youre not really awake yet.
aware away awe
es miscut S/he was aware.
enwenm feel/sense. See: feel. uw away; gone. See: gone. homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see something beautiful/good/wonderful. homist S/he was awed. n homist, homist es homisti S/he is in awe. nes homisti, es homisti s.t. something qs homisti S/he is going to be in awe. iqs homisti, qs homisti (s.t.) something implied homist They were awed. qe homist, p homist s.o. someone es homisti They are in awe. qe es homisti, pes homisti P.l. Plural R.t. Root word qs homisti They are going to be in awe. qeqs homisti, pqs homisti comm. Command homistmis S/he was awed by it. homistmn, homistmt es homistms S/he is in awe of it. ies homistm, as homistm qs homisti S/he is going to be in awe. iqs homistm, aqs homistm homistmis They were awed by it. qe homistmntm, p homistmntp es homistms They are in awe of it. qe es homistm, pes homistmp qs homistms They are going to be in awe of it. qeqs homistm, pqs homistmp
lut S/he/it is far away. See: far.

a related word.
26
es hohomisti S/he is repeatedly in awe. nes hohomisti, es hohomisti homistemn someone who always likes to be in awe.
awl axe
omn awl. lmin axe. min hatchet.
B
baby
ott, ot baby. otts Her/his baby. scet newborn baby. Rt. sic new. mol baby board, cradle board. sqtte baby sack or baby wrap.
baby board baby sack
sqte baby sack. mol baby board, cradle board.
babysit
et watch over children; babysit. rt.: im guard; suffix: et, t child, baby.. et S/he babysat. n et, et es eti S/he is babysitting. nes eti, es eti qs eti S/he is going to babysit. iqs eti, qs eti et They babysat. qe et, p et es eti They are babysitting. qe es eti, pes eti qs eti They are going to babysit. qeqs eti, pqs eti etis S/he babysat s.o. etn, etnt es etms S/he is babysitting s.o. ies etm, as etm qs etms S/he is going to babysit s.o. iqs etm, aqs etm etis They babysat s.o. qe etntm, p etntp es etms They are babysitting s.o. qe es etm, es etmp qs etms They are going to babysit s.o. qeqs etm, qs etmp setm somebody who takes care of children; baby-sitter. prefix: s one who does. ha e u et Would you babysit? ha em et Will you babysit? ha es s.t. something eti Are you babysitting? ha qs eti e lu Are you going to babysit this (s.t.) something implied evening? s.o. someone
babysitter setm, set babysitter. back snmi back.

smeli whole back. smes lower back. s backbone. sni spine. swe u asnmi Who is behind you?
prefix: s one who does.
P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
a related word.
27
i suffix indicating the back or ridge. sni spine. es nlli It has a hard back. nlli, nlli Beetle. suffix: i back. cqqi fall on your back. e back, again, once more. n e it I went back to sleep. n e uy na I went back to Arlee. e cun I brought it back here. e e cwis i t wm m qe wen When they finish moving back here from the plains, well war dance.
backache
nali have an aching back; backache. nali S/he had a back ache. n nali, nali es nalii S/he has a back ache. nes nalii, es nalii qs nalii S/he is going to have a back ache. iqs nalii, qs nalii
backbone
s backbone. sni spine. suffix:i back. slqin backbone marrow sa inside backbone.
backpack back up
sntn backpack. See: pack.
nwpm move backward in/on something. (i.e. in a car, on a bike, etc.) nwepm S/he/it backed up. n nwepm, nwepm es nwpi S/he/it is backing up. ies nwpi, as nwpi qs nwpms S/he/it is going to back up. iqs nwpi, aqs nwpi nwepm They backed up. qe nwepm, p nwepm es nwepi They are backing up. qe es nwpi, pes nwpi qs nwepi They are going to back up. qeqs nwpi, pqs nwpi nwepis S/he/it backed s.o./s.t. up. nwepn, nwepnt es nwpms S/he/it is backing s.o./s.t. up. ies nwpm, as nwpm qs nwpms S/he/it is going to back s.o./s.t. up. iqs nwpm, aqs nwpm nwepis They backed s.o./s.t. up. qe nwepntm, nwepntp es nwepms They are backing s.o./s.t. up. qe es nwpm, es nwpmp qs nwepms They are going to back s.o./s.t. up. qeqs nwpm, qs nwpmp nwpi Back up. (comm.) nwpwi All of you back up. (comm.) nwepnt Back s.o./s.t. up. (comm.) e nwepm They backed up again.
nupmupsm, nupmu back up; go backward. suffix: nups, ps butt, tail. nupmupsm S/he/it went backward. n nupmupsm, nupmupsm es nupmupsi S/he/it is going backward. nes nupmupsi, es nupmupsi qs nupmupsi S/he/it is going to go backward. iqs nupmupsi, qs nupmupsi nupmupsm They went backward. qe nupmupsm, p nupmupsm es nupmupsi They are going backward. qe es nupmupsi, pes nupmupsi qs nupmupsi They are going to go backward. qeqs nupmupsi, pqs nupmupsi nupmupsis S/he/it backed s.o. up. n nupmupsn, nupmupsnt es nupmupsms S/he/it is backing s.o. up. nes nupmupsm, es nupmupsm qs nupmupsi S/he/it is going to back s.o. up. iqs nupmupsm, qs nupmupsm nupmupsis They backed s.o. up. qe nupmupsntm, nupmupsntp
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es nupmupsms They are backing s.o. up. qe es nupmupsm, es nupmupsmp qs nupmupsms Theyre going to back s.o. up. qeqs nupmupsm, qs nupmupsmp nupmupsi Backup. (comm.) nupmupswi All of you backup. (comm.) nupmupsnt Back s.o. up. (comm.)
backward
pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; considerate; not impose. See: selfconscious. ta qes pusncut Dont be backward.
nsalqs have a shirt/coat on backwards. rt.: i turn over/around; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. es nsalqs His/her shirt is on backwards. nes nsalqs, es nsalqs ta qes nsalqs Dont put your shirt on backwards. in have shoes on backward. rt.: i turn over/around; suffix: in, n feet. es in His/her shoe are on backwards. nes in, es in ta qes in Dont put your shoes on backwards. nmups have pants on backward. rt.: i turn over/around; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. es nmups His/her pants are on backwards. nes nmups, es nmups ta qes nmups Dont put your pants on backwards.
backwoods
esmp bush.
nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket.
bacon bad
lo pig, bacon, pork, ham. (approximation to French word)
ye, e bad. e sla bad day. n ye I am evil, bad, mean.
s prefix indicating bad, ugly. ssmscut S/he/it did s.t. bad. n ssmscut, ssmscut es ssmscuti S/he/it is doing s.t. bad. nes ssmscuti, es ssmscuti qs ssmscuti S/he/it is going to do s.t. bad. iqs ssmscuti, qs ssmscuti ssmscut They did s.t. bad. qe ssmscut, p ssmscut es ssmscuti They are doing s.t. bad. qe es ssmscuti, pes ssmscuti qs ssmscuti They are going to do s.t. bad. qeqs ssmscuti, pqs ssmscuti sq stink. suffix:aq smell. sus ugly/bad face. suffix:us face, fire. salqs bad shirt. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. sast bad day. suffix: ast sky, day. tam ies scinm Im not saying anthing bad about you. See: talk. usst ugly; scary looking. See: ugly. mtmitt, mtmi no-good. See: nogood. mtmi sme No good grizzly. naymls have bad feelings; to have inner anger. See: detest.
badger bag
siio badger. ple, bag with a handle. suffix: eple permanence.
woven sack/bag. See: weave. 29
i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it. See: pattern. ae beaded bag/handbag. rt.: i a it has lines. See: line. ae small beadedbag/handbag. teniut, te something on the side to put things in; pouch on belt. See: side. qepe cornhusk bag.
bagel bait
suypi snale bagel. lit. Whiteman frybread. qnye, qn bait for fishing.
qmyetn bait for fishing. rt.: qmye fish; prefix: little; suffix: tn means of/device. ue bait.
bake
scnl something put in the oven. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
epm bake in a pit. epm S/he pit baked. n epm, epm es epi S/he is pit baking. nes epi, es epi qs epi S/he is going to pit bake. iqs epi, qs epi epm They pit baked. qe epm, p epm es epi They are pit baking. qe es epi, pes epi qs epi They are going to pit bake. qeqs epi, pqs epi epis S/he pit baked s.t. n epn, epnt es epms S/he is pit baking s.t. nes epm, es epm qs epms S/he is going to pit bake s.t. iqs epm, qs epm epis They pit baked s.t. qe epntm, epntp es epms They are pit baking s.t. qe es epm, es epmp qs epms They are going to pit bake s.t. qeqs epm, qs epmp sepm somebody who pit bakes. prefix: s one who does. scepm something thats been pit baked. (comm.) epi Pit bake. (comm.) epwi All of you pit bake. (comm.) epnt Pit bake s.t. (comm.) ncamn stick used in the camas bake. See: stick. em niqm t aq nptn Youll dig your baking pit. t qeqs pi Then well pit bake. qe epntm u seli We baked the camas. acm roast something. See: roast. iqm make done; be ready. See: done. es iyaq Its done. snct, sncu cook; prepare food. See: cook.
baking pit
snptn baking pit. em niqm t aq nptn Youll dig your baking pit.
baking powder nmemn something you mix; spices, baking powder. bald no bald. rt.: o bare.
no S/he is bald. n no, no ttoqqin loose hair; bald. es ttoqqini S/he is loosing hair. nes ttoqqini, es ttoqqini
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bald eagle bale ball
pqlqin, pqlqi bald eagle. rt.: piq white; suffix: ...qin, ...qn p. qepqlqin young bald eagle. sqimi young bald eagle. ls tied up around the middle; bale of hay. See: tie. es es Its bundled around the middle. rt.: i tied up; suffix: s middle, center. sume ball, shinny ball. snlolop sume basketball. sint sume Hit the ball!
plemi playing ball. (i.e., basketball, baseball, football, etc.) ml rounded, balled object. scmlml something rounded. (i.e, a ball or clumped together dirt or clay.) scmal one clump. mlst fist. mlmscutist ball/curl yourself up. (i.e., in a fetal position.) mlmscutist S/he curled up. n mlmscutist, mlmscutist es mlmscutisti S/he is curling up. nes mlmscutisti, es mlmscutisti qs mlmscutisti S/he is going to curl up. iqs mlmscutisti, qs mlmscutisti mlmlmscutist Each one is balled up. qe mlmlmscutist, p mlmlmscutist
balloon
scnpew ballon. lit. something that has been aired up. prefix: sc s.t thats been
done/made/prepared.
scnpu something that is blown through. (i.e., an instrument.) prefix: sc s.t thats been
done/made/prepared.
balsam fir balsamroot
elcn balsam fir; cedar.
mt sunflower. tu balsamroot.
ban
banana band
t banana. lit. something bent. tt bananas, cucumbers. nqi band, ring.
es o It has a band. stn hat band. suffix: ...tn means of/device. slpqn hat band. suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. iyallan armband. iyallaqstn legband. suffix: aqstn leg. naqsus, naqsu another group; one group of a larger group. (i.e., band of a tribe, a
group.)
qe naqsus We are one part of one group. i qe naqsus Were one group.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally family Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
bank
npapan, npapa dirt river bank; dirt cliff. 31
es npapan Its a dirt bank. snululimtn money bank. rt.: ululim money; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
Bannock aie Bannock people. bannock bread scnle, scn

done/made/prepared.
bannock bread.
prefix: sc s.t thats been
nlem S/he made bannock bread. n nlem, nlem es nlei S/he is making bannock bread. nes nlei, es nlei qs nlei S/he is going to make bannock bread. iqs nlei, qs nlei nelem They made bannock bread. qe nlem, p nlem es nelei They are making bannock bread. qe es nlei, p nlei qs nelei They are going to make bannock bread. qeqs nlei, pqs nlei em n nelem I will make bannock bread.
Baptise baptize bar
pati Baptise.
lpatm baptized. es lpatm S/he is baptized, Catholic. nes lpatm, es lpatm snssustn, snssu place to drink; bar, tavern. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
snetn place to get drunk. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snostn place of beer; brewery, bar. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. es mlqtal Its a cylindrical object; log; metal bar. mmaltn wrecking bar, pry bar.
barber
of/device. top.
snayqintn place to cut hair; barber shop. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
sayqnm somebody who cuts hair; barber. prefix: s one who does; suffix: ...qin, ...qn ayqnm cut hair. See: cut.
bare
peel.
om make bare; peel (i.e., peeling bitterroot, peeling camas, plucking the fuzz off a bird). See: no bald. rt.: o bare. no S/he is bald. n no, no le bare land.
tml naked. See: naked. slnct get ones self naked. See: naked. pencut undress ones self. See: undress. npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. pint Take off it. See: remove. pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. See: hat. ppnim remove footwear. See: shoe.
barefoot
ppnim remove footwear. See: shoe. es ppin S/he is barefoot. nes ppin, es ppin 32
bare head bark
pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. rt.: pim release from. See: hat.
no bald. See: bald. iill tree bark.
smci inside the bark, of cottonwood or bull pine. birch bark. uhem dog bark. es uhemi It is barking. qs uhemi It is going to bark. es uhems It is barking at him/her/it. es uhems It is barking at them. uheyi Bark. (comm.) qe hewit We were barked at. n sewne t nosi es uhemi I heard the dog bark. eist, e the dog is alert; it is barking continuously. rt.: e alert. es eisti The dog is barking continuously. es elisti They are barking (many dogs). we The sound a dog makes when barking.
barn snpyutsq barn, stable. lit. place for animals to stand around. rt.: pyet stand (pl.). barn spider tupn black widow spider. barrette ssnapqn barrette for holding or ornamenting hair. suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. bar room snssustn, snssu place to drink; bar, tavern. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
snetn place to get drunk. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snostn place of beer; brewery, bar. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
bar soap bashful
stn soap, bar soap. lit. something to wash with. yasqeli shy/bashful of people. See: shy.
e ashamed. See: ashamed. pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; considerate; not impose. See: selfconscious.
basket
See: weave.
snstn, sn woven basket. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. s.t. something
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
s basket made of bark; rawhide bucket. entwi pemp u smp All of you look for your diggers and your bark bags.
basketball
nlolop sume Basketball. nlopstes S/he made a basket. nlopsten, nlopste ssnlolop sume somebody who plays basketball. prefix: s one who does. snlolop sume The basket. nlopis make a basket. (comm.)
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plemi playing ball. (i.e., basketball, baseball, football, etc.) es plemi S/he is playing ball. nes plemi, es plemi splemi somebody who plays ball. prefix: s one who does. i splemi Im a ball player. cminm throw and object. See: throw. nnunm catch someone or something. See: catch. tem bounce something. See: bounce. it miss something, such as a target. See: miss.
bat
ssq bat/hit a ball. le, leliye bat. ie ut u le Bats fly. ss night bat, nighthawk, mosquito hawk.
bathe
cwl bathe; to sit in the tub. cwl S/he bathed. n cwl, cwl es cwli S/he is bathing. nes cwli, es cwli qs cwli S/he is going to bathe. iqs cwli, qs cwli cawl They bathed. qe cwl, p cwl es cawli They are bathing. qe es cwli, pes cwli qs cawli They are going to bathe. qeqs cwli, pqs cwli cucwl, cuc bathe; swim/play in the tub; moving around in the water. cucwl S/he bathed/swam. n cucwl, cucwl es cucwli S/he is bathing/swimming. nes cucwli, es cucwli qs cucwli S/he is going to bathe/swim. iqs cucwli, qs cucwli cucawl They bathed/swam. qe cucwl, p cucwl es cucawli They are bathing/swimming. qe es cucwli, pes cucwli qs cucawli They are going to bathe/swim. qeqs cucwli, pqs cucwli sncucwltn bathtub, tub. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. iqs is cucawl Im going to go bathing. mlmst u nes cucawli yet I was bathing all day today.
bathroom
sn toilet, outhouse. prefix: sn a place of. iqs uyi sno I going to the bathroom (women). iqs snno I going to the bathroom (man).
sncuc bathroom. iqs is eyni Im going to go to the bathroom.
bathtub battle battery
sncucwltn bathtub, tub. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
plstw, plstw kill each other; battle, war. pulsm kill. See: kill. swem lightning, electricity. swem anpaqmn batteries for your flashlight.
be
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beads beading
ccus, ccu beads.
um bead. um S/he beaded. n um, um es ui S/he is beading. nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he is going to bead. iqs ui, qs ui um They beaded. qe um, p um es ui They are beading. qe es ui, pes ui qs ui They are going to bead. qeqs ui, pqs ui uis S/he beaded s.t. un, unt es ums S/he is beading s.t. ies um, as um qs ums S/he is going to bead s.t. iqs um, aqs um uis They beaded s.t. qe untm, untp es ums They are beading s.t. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to bead s.t. qeqs um, qs ump sum somebody who beads. prefix: s one who does. emn someone who always likes to bead. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. scu something thats been beaded. su bead work. ui Bead. (comm.) uwi All of you bead. (comm.) unt Bead something. (comm.) em iqs ui yeta I am going to bead today.
im picking up beads with a needle. es ii S/he is picking up the beads. nes ii, es ii tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick. um pick something up using an instrument or tool. (i.e. a needle for beads, a pitchfork for
hay/rocks, etc.) See: pick.
bead work
su bead work. sus His/her bead work. isu, asu scu something thats been beaded. i yal su Its round bead work.
beak beans bear
snsqs, sns nose, bird beak, pencil tip. s, beans. rt.: os kidney.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally bear Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nmqe black bear. nmmqe (pl.) naqe little black bear. nqe little black bears. namqcn black bear growl. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. es namqcni It is growling. witn u nmqe I saw a black bear. n sewne es namqcni I hear a black growling.
smn, sm grizzly bear. smmn (pl.) smn, sm little grizzly bear. witn u sm I saw a grizzly bear.
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Bear Paw Mountains els smen Bear Paw Mountains; lit. hand of the grizzly bear. bearberry nmqe siis black twin berry. beard supcn, supc beard.
es supcn S/he has a beard. nes supcn, es supcn es supupcin They have beards. qe es supupcn, pes supupcn
beargrass ssiye beargrass. bear rib grease scoco bear rib grease.
scoc grease. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
beat
coqin beat on. coqis S/he beat s.o. coqin, coqint coqis S/he beat s.o. qe coqintm, coqintp es coqnani S/he is beating. nes coqnani, es coqnani qs coqnani S/he is going be beating. iqs coqnani, qs coqnani es coqnaqsnms S/he is beating up on s.o. ies coqnaqsnm, as coqnaqsnm qs coqnaqsnms S/he is going to beat up on s.o. iqs coqnaqsnm, aqs coqnaqsnm es coqnwei They are beat each other up. qe es coqnwei, pes coqnwei qs coqnwei They are going to beat each other up. qeqs coqnwei, pqs coqnwei coqis iss S/he beat my son. u qeqs occqei qeqs coqnwei Okay, lets go outside, were going to fight.
am beat ones spouse. am S/he beat (oness spouse). n am, am es ai S/he is beating (ones spouse). nes ai, es ai qs ai S/he is going to beat (ones spouse). iqs ai, qs ai ais S/he beat his/her spouse. an, ant es ams S/he is beating his/her spouse. ies am, as am qs ams S/he is going to beat his/her spouse. iqs am, aqs am sam somebody who beats their spouse. prefix: s one who does. pqs, p win/defeat/beat at some contest or event. See: win. si whip, spank. rt.: sim Strike w/ object. See: whip.
beautiful
swinumt beautiful. lit. es wi its finished; meaning Creators work is finished. swinumt S/he/it is beautiful. i swinumt, swinumt u swinumt All of them are beautiful. qe u swinumt, p u swinumt
est good. See: good. ammt excellent; beautiful. homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see beautiful/good/wonderful. See: awe.
beaver
sql beaver. tisql big beaver. sqql little beaver. scpu baby beaver. qmepe beaver testicles (used for scent/fragrance).
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural something R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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spsel beaver hide.
beaver tail because
sql sups beaver tail.
for, because. st u tm t sli u es uwwli Why are you not speaking Salish? t nes nsune Because I do not understand. nes ini nes me Im eating because Im hungry.
ni because. ni em apqi qeqs cet because there will be lots for us to pack out. oyqntp ni e t sew You guys pile it up, because theres already a lots of fish. tma because, thats why. tma ie sust t sew es nmpci Thats why you drink water, because you are thirsty. tma e lim thats why you chop wood (to make a sweat).
become
getting.
il, wil suffix indicating progression, to be getting/in the process of. See:
nu suffix indicating going through the time of; getting to be/becoming. See: getting.
bed
snittn bed. rt.: it sleep; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snittn place to sleep, bedroom. rt.: it sleep; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
tp bedding, mattress. suffix: ep, p tree; in the past boughs were used for bedding. ncmnem make a bed ready with covers; to fix a bed. ncmnem S/he fixed the bed. n ncmnem, ncmnem es ncmnei S/he is fixing the bed. nes ncmnem, es ncmnei qs ncmnei S/he is going to fix the bed. iqs ncmnem, qs ncmnei ncmenem They fixed the bed. qe ncmnem, p ncmnem es ncmenei They are fixing the bed. qe es ncmnem, pes ncmnei qs ncmenei They are going to fix the bed. qeqs ncmnem, pqs ncmnei ncmnei Fix the bed. (comm.) e wis ncmnem m it When you finish fixing your bed you will sleep. pqelpm cover/fix a bed. pqelpm S/he fixed the bed. n pqelpm, pqelpm es pqelpi S/he is fixing the bed. nes pqelpi, es pqelpi qs pqelpi S/he is going to fix the bed. iqs pqelpi, qs pqelpi pqelpm They fixed the bed. qe pqelpm, p pqelpm es pqelpi They are fixing the bed. qe es pqelpi, pes pqelpi qs pqelpi They are going to fix the bed. qeqs pqelpi, pqs pqelpi pqelpis S/he fixed the bed. pqelpn, pqelpnt es pqelpms S/he is fixing the bed. ies pqelpm, as pqelpm qs pqelpms S/he is going to fix the bed. iqs pqelpi, qs pqelpi pqelpis They fixed the bed. qe pqelpntm, pqelpntp es pqelpms They are fixing the bed. qe es pqelpm, es pqelpmp qs pqelpms They are going to fix the bed. qeqs pqelpm, qs pqelpmp pqelpi Fix the bed. (comm.) pqelpnt Fix that bed. (comm.) 37
bedbug bedding
bedding.
t, bedbug. tp bedding, mattress. suffix: ep, p tree; in the past boughs were used for snittn place to sleep, bedroom. rt.: it sleep; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
e bedbug.
bedroom bee beef beehive beer beetle
means of/device.
su wasp, bee, hornet. map bumble bee. sa cow. su beehive. rt.: su bee; suffix: e house. nos beer. rt.: os foam; circumfix: net liquid.
nus Beer. nlli, nlli Beetle. suffix: i back. es nlli It has a hard back. suffix: i back. t particle indicating before, ahead, in advance: n t uy I went ahead. es t misten I already knew. t sest This morning, the one already past. qil beg, insist, persuade. qilm S/he/it begged. n qilm, qilm es qili S/he/it is begging. nes qili, es qili qs qili S/he/it is going to beg. iqs qili, qs qili qilm They begged. qe qilm, p qilm es qili They are begging. qe es qili, pes qili qs qili They are going to beg. qeqs qili, pqs qili qilis S/he/it begged s.o. qiln, qilnt es qilms S/he/it is begging s.o. ies qilm, as qilm qs qilms S/he/it is going to beg s.o. iqs qilm, aqs qilm qilis They begged s.o. qe qilntm, qilntp es qilms They are begging s.o. qe es qilm, es qilmp qs qilms They are going to beg s.o. qeqs qilm, qs qilmp es qiltumi They are begging. acni insist/beg. See: insist. urge someone; insist. See: insist.
nni Beetle. suffix: i covered in.
before
beg
beh
behave
es sewne S/he/it is listening (behaving). pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; considerate; not impose. See: selfconscious.
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n pusncu I was self-conscious; I was backwards. i e ye ta es pusncu S/he was really acting like a jerk. to Behave, be straight. (comm.) rt.: to straight. towi All of you behave, be straight. (comm.) rt.: to straight. eem keep someone in line; correct behavior; forbid bad behavior; prevent misdeeds; make someone behave. See: discipline.
behind
atpls, atp follow, walk behind someone. atpls S/he/it followed. n atpls, atpls es atpalsi S/he/it is following. nes atplsi, es atplsi qs atplsi S/he/it is following. iqs atplsi, qs atplsi atpals They followed. qe atpls, p atpls es atpalsi They are following. qe es atplsi, pes atplsi qs atpalsi They are following. qeqs atplsi, pqs atplsi ewtepis S/he/it followed s.o. ewtepn, ewtepnt es ewtepms S/he/it is following s.o. ies ewtepm, as ewtepm qs ewtepms S/he/it is going to follow s.o. iqs ewtepm, aqs ewtepm ewtepis They followed s.o. qe ewtepntm, ewtepntp es ewtepms They are following s.o. qe es ewtepm, es ewtepmp qs ewtepms They are going to follow s.o. qeqs ewtepm, qs ewtepmp awtpaqsi Follow. (comm.) awtpaqswi You all follow. (comm.) ewtepnt Follow someone. (comm.) awtpncut Allow yourself to follow. (comm.) awtpncut allow yourself to follow, to give into. awtpncut S/he allowed his/her self to follow. n awtpncut, awtpncut es awtpncuti S/he is allowing his/her self to follow. nes awtpncuti, es awtpncuti qs awtpncuti S/he is going to allow his/her self to follow. iqs awtpncuti, qs awtpncuti o ewtepnt Walk behind me. es atpa u tisi pyel Big Blanket followed Pierre. ies ewtepm Im following you. ewtepntst S/he followed you.
ecwt late, lagging behind. See: last. amist look behind/under. amist S/he looked under. n amist, amist es amisti S/he is looking under. nes amisti, es amisti qs amisti S/he is going to look under. iqs amisti, qs amisti amist They looked under. qe amist, p amist es amisti They are looking under. qe es amisti, pes amisti qs amisti They are going to look under. qeqs amisti, pqs amisti ais S/he looked under s.t. an, ant es ams S/he is looking under s.t. ies am, as am qs ams S/he is going to look under s.t. iqs am, aqs am amis They looked under s.t. qe amist, antp es ams They are looking under s.t. qe es amisti, es amp qs amms They are going to look under s.t. qeqs amisti, qs amp lmncut, lmncu make ones self go out of sight. lmncut S/he/it went out of sight. n lmncut, lmncut es lmncuti S/he/it is going out of sight. nes lmncuti, es lmncuti 39
qs lmncuti S/he/it is going to go out of sight. iqs lmncuti, qs lmncuti lmncut They went out of sight. qe lmncut, p lmncut es lmncuti They are going out of sight. qe es lmncuti, pes lmncuti qs lmncuti They are going to go out of sight. qeqs lmncuti, pqs lmncuti lmncut Get behind something. (comm.) es il Its out of sight. lmncut esit S/he/it went behind the tree. snmi back. me benind the house. asnmi to your back; behind you. swe u asnmi Who is behind you? somps butt.
believe
nunne, nun believe. nunnem S/he/it believed. n nunnem, nunnem es nunnei S/he/it is believing. ies nunnei, as nunnei qs nunnei S/he/it is going to believe. iqs nunnei, aqs nunnei nunenem They believed. qe nunnem, p nunnem es nunenei They are believing. qe es nunnei, pes nunnei qs nunenei They are going to believe. qeqs nunnei, pqs nunnei nunnemis S/he/it believed s.o. nunnemn, nunnemnt es nunnems S/he/it is believing s.o. ies nunnem, as nunnem qs nunnems S/he/it is going to believe s.o. iqs nunnem, aqs nunnem nunenemis They believed s.o. qe nunnemntm, nunnemntp es nunenems They are believing s.o. qe es nunnem, es nunnemp qs nunenems They are going to believe s.o. qeqs nunnem, qs nunnemp es nunnemsts S/he/it is always believing s.t./s.o. es nunnemstn, es nunnemsts es nunenemsts They are always believing s.t./s.o. qe es nunnemstm, es nunnemstp nunnemtn something that is believed. nunnemnt Believe it. (comm.) es nunnmwei They are believing each other. ta qes nunenemst Dont believe s.o. hoy nun S/he believed (s.o.). iqs ewtusm, ta ies nunnem u ascuwewl Im going to oppose you, I dont believe what you said. nunemncn I believe you. ime nunnemnt anppot You should s.t. something (s.t.) something believe your elders. implied
bell belly
luli bell. liwmstm ring a bell. olin belly, stomach. es ncuce inolin My stomachs knocking.
s suffix indicating middle, center. ts S/he/it has a big little belly. tnes big belly. eles three bellies.
s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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npes skinny belly (from starvation). qqes skinny belly.
bellybutton belly flop
tmu navel, belly-button. ntetmist make yourself hit the water. (i.e., canon-ball, belly-flop, etc.) suffix:
et, t liquid.
ntetmist S/he hit the water. n ntetmis, ntetmist es ntetmisti S/he is hitting the water. nes ntetmist, es ntetmisti qs ntetmisti S/he is going to hit the water. iqs ntetmist, qs ntetmisti ntet t anolin Hit the water with your belly.
below belt
iut underneath, down below. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: under. See: under. niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside. snlestn, snle belt. rt.: i tie up; infix: s middle, belly, stomach; suffix: tn means
of/device.
npuastn, npua yarn belt.

of/device.
infix: s middle, belly, stomach; suffix: tn means
ssnles beaded belt. suffix: s middle, belly, stomach. stce pouch on belt. See: bag
belted kingfisher alis kingfisher; belted kingfisher. bench a snemutn bench; wide chair. bend es pi Its bent.
pntes S/he bent it. pnten, pte pntes They bent it. qe ptem, ptep pis I bent it. pin, pint pnte You bent them. ppnte You bent each one of them. pint Bend it. (comm.) pmis Bend it. (comm.) pmscut bend yourself over. es pmscuti S/he is bending his/her self. nes pmscuti, es pmscuti pin liver. pusm arched over. rt.: pi bent. See: arch. pmis asmqinn Bend your knee. curved. See: curve. es Its curved. alqpsm curve the neck. es alqpsi S/he is curving the neck. nes alqpsi, es alqpsi banana. op bend. opqnm Bend it over (top of a tree). suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. opqn branch leaning over, heavy with fruit. suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. um shape/form into something.
See: angle.
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yal bend into a circle. See: circle. nwalqn tip the head. (Also, a saying to be drinking alcohol.) suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. See: tip.
beneath
under.
iut underneath, down below. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: under. See:
niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside.
Benjamin bent
pnw Benjamin.
pisam Benjamin. espi Its bent. See: bend.
oq bend. See: bend. curved. See: curve.
berry
siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell.
bes
besseya eu red besseya, kitten tails. best sim e best.
i capable and strong, with energy, to struggle with all effort at any task; to try ones hardest. See: capable. imist, imi do onee best; to try hard. See: capable. imist Do your best; try your hardest. (comm.)
bet
ses, se bet. suffix: s middle, center. ses S/he bet. n ses, ses es sesi S/he is betting. nes sesi, es sesi qs sesi S/he is going to bet. iqs sesi, qs sesi ses They bet. qe ses, p ses es sesi They are betting. qe es sesi, pes sesi qs sesi They are going to bet. qeqs sesi, pqs sesi sesi Bet. (comm.) twin short on a bet. twin S/he is short on the bet. n twin, twin toses even; match up in betting. rt.: to straight; suffix: s middle, center. toses S/he matched the bet. n toses, toses es tosesi S/he is matching the bet. nes tosesi, es tosesi qs tosesi S/he is going to match the bet. iqs tosesi, qs tosesi toses They matched the bet. qe toses, p toses es tosesi They are matching the bet. qe es tosesi, pes tosesi qs tosesi They are going to match the bet. qeqs tosesi, pqs tosesi tosesi Match the bet. (comm.) tuses not matched up in betting. tuses S/he didnt match the bet. n tuses, tuses es tusesi S/he isnt matching the bet. nes tusesi, es tusesi qs tusesi S/he isnt going to match the bet. iqs tusesi, qs tusesi tuses They didnt match the bet. qe tuses, p tuses
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es tusesi They arent matching the bet. qe es tusesi, pes tusesi qs tusesi They arent going to match the bet. qeqs tusesi, pqs tusesi nmim flick with the finger; smut; place a bet down. See: smut. nmim S/he place down a bet. n nmim, nmim es nmmi S/he is placing down a bet. nes nmmi, es nmmi qs nmmi S/he is going to place down a bet. iqs nmmi, qs nmmi nmim They place down a bet. qe nmim, p nmim es nmmi They are placing down a bet. qe es nmmi, pes nmmi qs nmmi They are going to place down a bet. qeqs nmmi, pqs nmmi tum put something down. See: put. imi absolutely; for sure; of course; Its obvious. a imi probably; I bet. a imi u ta es miste I bet you dont know it. imi lut Of course its far. imi u ta es miste Of course you dont know it.
better
stwili get better. es stwili S/he/it is getting better. nes stwili, es stwili siscut act better/smarter; to show off. See: smart. et, e stuck-up; be rude; act better. See: stuck-up.
between
e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert.
nes between two objects. rt.: e put inside; suffix: ...s middle, center. nes S/he/it was in between. n nes, nes es nesi S/he/it is in between. nes nesi, es nesi qs nesi S/he/it is going to be in between. iqs nesi, qs nesi nes They was in between. qe nes, p nes es nesi They are in between. qe es nesi, pes nesi qs nesi They are going to be in between. qeqs nesi, pqs nesi scnes something thats been put in between; sandwich. nemusct, nemusc put ones self between something. rt.: e put inside; suffix: ...cut
action to the self.
nemusct S/he/it got his/her self between (s.t.). n nemusct, nemusct es nemuscti S/he/it is getting his/her self between (s.t.). nes nemuscti, es nemuscti qs nemuscti S/he/its going to get his/her self between (s.t.). iqs nemuscti, qs nemuscti nemuscut They got themselves between (s.t.). qe nemusct, p nemusct es nemuscuti Theyre getting themselves between (s.t.). qe es nemuscti, pes s.t. something nemuscti (s.t.) something qs nemuscuti They are going to get themselves between (s.t.). qeqs nemuscti, pqs implied s.o. someone nemuscti neemuscut put ones self between things. (i.e., a crowd of people.) n neemuscut u n ct I went into a crowd and passed through. qe li u nemuscut We laid down and I got between her. snihes, snihe middle; between.
P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command n Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
a related word.
beverage beyond
scsust, scsu something thats drank. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. i ci ci beyond; way over there. 43
bible big
spe bible tunt Its big. tnl tall person. es tntwili S/he/it is growing big. nes tntwili, es tntwili ts It has a big little belly. tn u tisi Big Blanket has a big house. u sym tunt Which is the biggest?
ti prefix indicating something is great or big. tiqpee big plate. tiest great good. tippat great wise. tisim big blanket. tisip really long time. tiscut make ones self important, great; brag. See: brag. te great, really, big. tenmct S/he/it did (s.t.) really big/great. n tenmct, tenmct es tenmcti S/he/it is doing (s.t.) really big/great. nes tenmcti, es tenmcti qs tenmcti S/he/it is going to do (s.t.) really big/great. iqs tenmcti, qs tenmcti tenmcut They did (s.t.) really big/great. qe tenmct, p tenmct es tenmcuti They are doing (s.t.) really big/great. qe es tenmcti, pes tenmcti qs tenmcuti They are going to do (s.t.) really big/great. qeqs tenmcti, pqs tenmcti te stunt Its really big. ci ssnintm u te suswisn The rate made for eating was really long. e teen t ssip really long time ago. yult large in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) See: girth. t e elsyult How big is the girth/diameter?
Big Arm e Big Arm. lit. little corner. Big Blanket tisim, tisi Big blanket; (a persons name). Big Draw llot Big Draw. big-eared bat leliye, le bat. Bigfoot swene Bigfoot, giant, Sasquatch. Bigfork neyum Bigfork. bighorn sheep umnln, umn bighorn sheep ram, mountain sheep ram.
nmqln, nmq bighorn sheep ewe, mountain sheep ewe.
big sagebrush uunp sagebrush; big sagebrush. bike snmtstn, snmt something that is stradled, (i.e., bike, horse, motorcycle, etc).
sit; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
rt.:
snmtests His/her bike. isnmtes, asnmtes nllupstn, nllu bike. lit. it spins on the backend. nlupstn bike. lit. it rolls on the backend.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively emut i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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billiards
lli play pool/billiards. es lli S/he is playing pool. nes lli, es lli ha qs is lli Are you going to go play pool?
billiard table snlli pool/billiard table. bingo qmqmnei, qmqmne play bingo.
down.
prefix: c surface; rt.: qmin place things
qmin place things on the surface. See: lay. es qmini S/he is placing things on the surface.
bipod birch birds
es al poles lashed together; bipod. elal tripod; three poles lashed together. rt.: al poles lashed together. siqp red birch, western birch.
l, white birch, paper birch, birch bark. ieu, ieu birds. sieu, sieu little birds.
lali unidentified bird. unidentified bird. qalasule unidentified bird. al unidentified bird. pana black-capped chickadee. (makes the sound pana).
birth
ul born, birth. es uleti She is having a baby. es uli S/he/it is being born. n ul ci ci I was born over there.
es nalesi She is having pains inside the belly. es enwncti She is feeling/sensing; starting labor. See: feel.
birthday
tracks.
ultn time of birth.
ncnnct, ncnncu make on revolution; meet your tracks. rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot,
biscuit root pu biscuit root, white camas. Bismarck pisam Bismarck. bison iy buffalo; bison. lit. Lots of blacks.
bit
bite
em bite. em S/he/it bit. n em, em es emi S/he/it is biting. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to bite. iqs emi, qs emi em They bit. qe em, p em es emi They are biting. qe es emi, pes emi
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qs emi They are going to bite. qeqs emi, pqs emi ents S/he/it bit s.t./s.o. entn, ent es ems S/he/it is biting s.t./s.o. ies em, as em qs ems S/he/it is going to bite s.t./s.o. iqs em, aqs em entes They bit s.t./s.o. qe entm, entp es ems They are biting s.t./s.o. qe es em, es emp qs ems They are going to bite s.t./s.o. qeqs em, qs emp em chew; bite repeatedly. See: chew. ent Bite it. (comm.) encut S/he/it bit ones self. n encut, encut es emi Biting something accidently; when flies are biting horses and deer. nes emi t scom I accidently bit the bone. o es ems t slaqs Mosquitoes are biting me. em ok a bite; to take a bite. iqs elpsm I am going to bite your neck. es aqsm hold (bite) something in the mouth. es aqsm t sqet ci mla That raven has meat in its mouth. em bite something off. em S/he/it bit off. n em, em es emi S/he/it is biting off. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to bite off. iqs emi, qs emi ents S/he/it bit s.t. off. entn, ent es ems S/he/it is biting s.t. off. ies em, as em qs ems S/he/it is going to bite s.t. off. iqs em, aqs em entn It got bitten off. ent Bite it off. (comm.) estm Bite a finger off. naqsm Bite a nose off. enem Bite an ear off. im chew away at something. See: chew. cin horse. (word for horse because of the way it eats) See: graze. ule graze. See: graze.
bitter
ta bitter; spicy. i ta Its bitter. i nta Its bitter (liquid).
ntaelsm have bitterness (toward someone). es ntaelsm S/he had bitterness. n ntaelsm, ntaelsm es ntaelsi S/he has bitterness. nes ntaelsi, es ntaelsi qs ntaelsi S/he is going to have bitterness. iqs ntaelsi, qs ntaelsi es ntaelsm They had bitterness. qe ntaelsm, p ntaelsm es ntaelsi They have bitterness. qe es ntaelsi, pes ntaelsi qs ntaelsi They are going to have bitterness. qeqs ntaelsi, pqs ntaelsi ntaelsmis S/he had bitterness toward s.o. ntaelsmn, ntaelsmnt es ntaelsmms S/he has bitterness toward s.o. ies ntaelsmm, as ntaelsmm qs ntaelsmms S/he is going to have bitterness toward s.o. iqs ntaelsmm, aqs ntaelsmm ntaelsmis They had bitterness toward s.o. qe ntaelsmntm, ntaelsmntp es ntaelsmms They have bitterness toward s.o. qe es ntaelsmm, es ntaelsmmp
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qs ntaelsmms They are going to have bitterness toward s.o. ntaelsmmp
qeqs ntaelsmm, qs
ntaelsmis S/he had bitterness toward s.t. ntaelsmn, ntaelsmnt ntaelsmis They had bitterness toward s.t. qe ntaelsmntm, ntaelsmntp
bittern bitterroot
witu American bittern.
sm bitterroot. sm spni May (month of the bitterroot). See: May. nqtnt asm sw Put your bitterroot in water.
Bitterroot Mountains llqin, llqi Bitterroot Mountains; lit. red top mountains. Bitterroot River nstetctet Bitterroot River; lit. waters of the Red Osier Dogwood. suffix:
et, t liquid.
black
y black, dark. iy blacks, darks. (pl.) i y Its black. ays black face. isis S/he made s.o.s face black. isn, isnt iisis They made s.o.s face black. qe isntm, isntp isntm His/her/its face was made black. iy buffalo. lit. many blacks sen, se Blackfeet. ylqs priest. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. black robe/clothes ys African-American. i prunes. i ys black eye. rt.: y blue. i y ye iuyn This car is black.
i glossy; used to describe the shiny surface of rubber and the skin of black people. See: glossy.
black bear
nmqe black bear. nmmqe black bears. (pl.) naqe little black bear. nqe little black bears. witn u nmqe I saw a black bear.
black berry nmqe siis bear berry. black-billed magpie magpie; black-billed magpie. blackbird qn, blackbird; Brewers blackbird.
e red-winged blackbird. aliyoqn yellow-headed blackbird. ese lark bunting.
black bullhead upupci black bullhead fish. black crowned night heron smaul black crowned night heron. blackcap mcu black raspberry; blackberry; blackcap. black-capped chickadee sqi mountain chickadee; black-capped chickadee.
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black-chinned hummingbird i hummingbird, black-chinned hummingbird. black elderberry i elderberry; black elderberry; blue elderberry. black eye i ys black eye. i iays black eyes. (pl.)
i as black of the eyes. i iays persons color of eyes (black).
Blackfeet
sen, se Blackfeet. qe ncniilt t see The Blackfeet caught up with us. snlsi Blood. senep, seen thorn bush, thorn tree, hawthorn. sene thorn berry.
black hawthorn
snpal, snpa thorn wood, coyote wood.
black-headed grosbeak ntnqs grosbeak. black lichen spqn, s cooked black tree moss, black lichen.
s You gather black tree moss. sawtmqn black tree moss, black lichen.
black raspberry black-tail deer
mcu black raspberry, blackcap.
puwlsn, puw blacktail buck, male mule deer. pupuw (pl.) puwlsnel black-tail buck hide.
sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule. slule (pl.) sulel black-tail doe hide.
black-tailed prairie dog

su Praire dog.
hehemu prairie dog. lit. it barks all the time.
black tree moss
spqn, s cooked black tree moss, black lichen. s You gather black tree moss.
sawtmqn black tree moss, black lichen.
black widow tupn black widow spider. bladder sntetn urinary bladder. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. blame temm blame.
temis S/he blamed s.o. temn, temnt es temms S/he is blaming s.o. ies temm, as temm qs temms S/he is going to blame s.o. iqs temm, aqs temm temis They blamed s.o. qe temntm, temntp es temms They are blaming s.o. qe es temm, es temmp qs temms They are going to blame s.o. qeqs temm, qs temmp tmtmmu someone who always blames. suffix: mu the individual who always does. ies temm Im blaming you. o temmntm I was blamed. i tmtmmu Gee, you always blame.
blank
mi u es lal u hoy Your eyes are open but you have a blank face. derogatory 48
statement.
blanket
sim blanket. tisim big blanket. ssim little blanket.
snomi comforter; quilt (stuffed blanket; thick blanket). sai quilt (peices sewn together).
blank tape lomintn something to put onto; recording tape. bleed ust bleed.
es usti S/he is bleeding. nes usti, es usti
See: record.
smlqs, sml nosebleed. rt.: mip overflow. es mlqsi S/he/it has a nosebleed. nes mlqsi, es mlqsi
bless
wple pray for/over something; to bless. rt.: w pray. See: pray. wple S/he blessed. n wple, wple es wplei S/he is blessing. nes wplei, es wplei qs wplei S/he is going to bless. iqs wplei, qs wplei awple They blessed. qe wple, p wple es awplei They are blessing. qe es wplei, pes wplei qs awplei They are going to bless. qeqs wplei, pqs wplei wpleis S/he blessed s.t./s.o. wplen, wplent es wplems S/he is blessing s.t./s.o. ies wplem, as wplem qs wplems S/he is going to bless s.t./s.o. iqs wplem, aqs wplem awpleis They blessed s.t./s.o. qe wplentm, wplentp es awplems They are blessing s.t./s.o. qe es wplem, es wplemp qs awplems They are going to bless s.t./s.o. qeqs wplem, qs wplemp wplent Bless it. (comm.) qe wplenlt We were blessed.
bli
blind
nmqn, nmq blind. es nmqn S/he/it is blind. nes nmqn, es nmqn nmqn, nmq go blind. nmqn S/he went blind. n nmqn, nmqn nmnmqin Each one of them went blind. qe nmnmqn, p nmnmqn papaqus S/he/it is blinded by lights. n papaqus, papaqus
blink
caps blink. cpcapsm S/he blinked. n cpcapsm, cpcapsm es cpcapsi S/he/it is blinking. nes cpcapsi, es cpcapsi qs cpcapsi S/he/it is going to blink. iqs cpcapsi, qs cpcapsi capsm They blinked. qe capsm, p capsm es cpcapsi They are blinking. qe es cpcapsi, pes cpcapsi qs cpcapsi They are going to blink. qeqs cpcapsi, pqs cpcapsi cpcpsmu one who blinks all the time. suffix: mu the individual who always does. mi u es ncpcipsi S/he only blinks.
nipm wink. See: wink. 49
aapsus, aapsu stare. See: stare. llpus not blinking; eyes are still.
blister
ha It blistered. s blister. haest blistered hand. haaest (pl.) hain blistered foot. haain (pl.) nhaene blistered ear. nhaups blistered butt.
ptq sore spot, almost blistered. e ptaq Its already sore. es ptqmi Its getting sore. nptups, nptqu sore butt. (after riding a horse.) ptptqest sore hands. nptqee sore inside. es nptqeei S/he/it is sore inside. nes nptqeei, es nptqeei nqlewiyecn thrush; white blisters. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth.
blizzard
umncut, umncu dust, blizzard storm. es umncti Theres low visibility from a dust storm or blizzard; (fig., this can be said of
someone really dancing up a storm, making dust).
es iqi strong/big wind; blizzard, but does not refer to snow.
bloat
pen bloat. suffix: ...en within. pen S/he got bloated. n pen, pen ususnal wooden blocks. lit. little long wood. snul blood.
pn bloat, constipated. suffix: ...en within.
block blood
ust bleed. See: bleed.
Blood people snlsi Blood (a band of the Piegan Nation). bloom seep flower in a tree; blossom, bloom.
seepm The tree blossoms came out. es eepi The tree blossoms are coming out. seule flower on the ground. See: flower. se flower. See: flower. mep bud. lqin when buds first open up. rt.: lip it came open.
blooming Sally np, oqnp fireweed, blooming Sally. blow pum blow.
pum blow from underneath, blew from underneath. npum blow into/up. pum S/he blew. n pum, pum es pui S/he is blowing. nes pui, es pui qs pui S/he is going to blow. iqs pui, iqs pui
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pum They blew. qe pum, p pum es pui They are blowing. qe es pui, pes pui qs pui They are going to blow. qeqs pui, pqs pui puis S/he blew s.t. pun, punt es pums S/he is blowing s.t. ies pum, as pum qs pums S/he is going to blow s.t. iqs pum, aqs pum puis They blew it. qe puntm, puntp es pums They are blowing it. qe es pum, es pump qs pums They are going to blow it. qeqs pum, qs pump pum blow from underneath. npum blow into/up. em pum S/he will blow. em n pum, em pum em pum They will blow. em qe pum, em p pum em qes pums S/he will be be blowing it. em iqes pum, em aqes pum em qes pums They will be blowing it. em qeqes pum, em qes pump es pui t ewstn S/he is blowing bubbles. puis u ewstn t snet The wind blew the bubbles. nt wind blows. o newntm I was blown over (by wind/air). snt wind. net waves on water. nosi Blow your nose. See: snot.
blue
y blue. iy blues. (pl.) i y Its blue. y light blue. i ys black eye. niay blue bird. si blue-jay. yi watermelon. suffix: i covered in. lit. its all blue.
Blue Bay
qes, Blue Bay. lit. wide mountain top.
lqs Place near Blue Bay. lit.red barked trees on mountain top.
bluebird niay mountain bluebird, western bluebird. blue elderberry i elderberry; black elderberry; blue elderberry. blue fly blue grouse qqe, q grouse; blue grouse. blue heron sme great blue heron. blue jay si blue jay, Stellars jay. blue racer npe green racer, blue racer, black racer. blue sky inst blue sky. suffix: ast sky, day.
ili It is sunny (blue sky). i paa blue sky.
51
board boat bobcat body boil
l board; dimensional wood. iy boat. snqcups, snqcu bobcat.
sqet meat, body. stee half of the body. lee dead body. npus, npu boil something. npusis S/he boiled s.t. npusn, npusnt es npusms S/he is boiling s.t. ies npusm, as npusm qs npusms S/he is going to boil s.t. iqs npusm, aqs npusm npusis They boiled s.t. qe npusntm, npusntp es npusms They are boiling s.t. qe es npusm, es npusmp qs npusms They are going to boil s.t. qeqs npusm, qs npusmp pp It boils.
ptq blister. sm boil (inflamed swelling with pus).
boiling pot
means of/device.
snpustn, snpu cooking pan, boiling pot. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
bone
s bone. smo bones. spas skeleton.
sm backbone. ni stick game bones.
bonnet book
lqin, lqi war bonnet, head dress.
nie hardcover book; book. suffix: i covered in. lie soft cover book. rt.: el covered; suffix: i covered in. snawawtn books. rt.: aw speak; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. siii nie picture book. qtus front cover. suffix: us face, fire. li back cover. rt.: el covered; suffix: i back. cnestn book spine. rt.: icn meet; suffix: s middle, center; suffix: tn means of/device. eses separate something; open a book. See: separate. s close a book. rt.: in cover; suffix: s middle, center. See: close. lmist turn something over; turn a page. sests title; its name. siim author. rt.: iim writer; prefix: s one who does. siim illustrator. rt.: iim draw; prefix: s one who does. snmimeyetn table of contents. snmimeyetn index. sntcin glossary. Rt. to straight; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: cin, cn action of
mouth.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to the a related word.
es imin chapter. siii illustration. 52
siii picture. min paper; suffix indicating paper or book. nelimin page. rt.: nu one; suffix: el skin/hide; suffix: imin paper; book. nel scsiyen page number. ulimin blank paper. rt.: xu clean; suffix: el skin/hide; suffix: imin paper;
book.
il lined paper. rt.: i line; suffix: el skin/hide. sniii notebook. Rt. iim write; prefix: sn a place of. sniim notepad. Rt. iim write; prefix: sn a place of; infix: little. syalles spiral bound. rt.: yall wrap; suffix: s middle, center. nestn binder. snnpietn folder. siiimim newspaper. siiimin newsletter. sneetn brochure. seyimin journal. limin magazine. scmeye prediction. syoie sii fiction story. stsii non-fiction story.
bookshelf snimintn bookshelf. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. boot sin rubber boots, over boots. rt.: i glossy.
spn cowboy boots. rt.: im constricted. slepsm ein work boots. spim ein saw mill boots.
border bored
uletn border, boundary.
tlihl across R &R track or a border. ll bored. ll S/he got bored. n ll, ll es allms S/he is bored about s.t./s.o ies allm, as allm qs allms S/he is going to be bored about s.t./s.o. iqs allm, aqs allm es allms They are bored about s.t./s.o qe es allm, es allmp qs allms They are going to be bored about s.t./s.o. qeqs allm, qs allmp hoy em n ll e e cuy Ill be (get) tired when s/he comes back.
boring
picpcut boring. npicpcucn Boring words. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. picle boring land. ul born, birth. es uli S/he/it is being born. n ul ci ci I was born over there. un borrow, lend.
born
es enwncti She is feeling/sensing; starting labor. See: feel.
borrow
53
un S/he borrowed. n un, un es uni S/he is borrowing. nes uni, es uni qs uni S/he is going to borrow. iqs uni, qs uni scun something that was borrowed, lent. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. untn something thats borrowed on. prefix: up on; suffix: tn means of/device. klisqe, klisq borrow horses and domestic animals. klisqe S/he borrowed a horse. n klisqe, klisqe es klisqei S/he is borrowing a horse. nes klisqei, es klisqei qs klisqei S/he is going to borrow a horse. iqs klisqei, qs klisqei klisqae They borrowed a horse. qe klisqe, p klisqe es klisqaei They are borrowing a horse. qe es klisqei, pes klisqei qs klisqaei They are going to borrow a horse. qeqs klisqei, pqs klisqei
boss
ilmim chief; boss.
bot
both
esseslm both things. slm both people. mestm bother. mestm S/he/it bothered. n mestm, mestm es mesti S/he/it is bothering. nes mesti, es mesti qs mesti S/he/it is going to bother. iqs mesti, qs mesti mestm They bothered. qe mestm, p mestm es mesti They are bothering. qe es mesti, pes mesti qs mesti They are going to bother. qeqs mesti, pqs mesti mestmis S/he/it bothered s.o./s.t. mestmn, mestmnt es mestmms S/he/it is bothering s.o./s.t. ies mestmm, as mestmm qs mestmms S/he/it is going to bother s.o./s.t. iqs mestmm, aqs mestmm mestmis They bothered s.o./s.t. qe mestmntm, mestmntp es mestmms They are bothering s.o./s.t. qe es mestmm, es mestmmp qs mestmms They are going to bother s.o./s.t. qeqs mestmm, qs mestmmp memt pest. mestmnt Bother it. (comm.) nmemecin talk in a bothersome way. See: talk. ta o qes mestmst Dont bother me. heti tease. See: tease. nhels sick and tired; perturbed; disturbed. See: disturbed.
bother
bottle bottom bough
leput bottle. (approximation to French word)
iut underneath, down below. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: under. See: under. niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside. nqeptn boughs.
nqepm put boughs down. nqepm S/he put boughs down. n nqepm, nqepm es nqepi S/he is putting boughs down. nes nqepi, es nqepi 54
qs nqepi S/he is going to put boughs down. iqs nqepi, qs nqepi nqepm They put boughs down. qe nqepm, p nqepm es nqepi They are putting boughs down. qe es nqepi, pes nqepi qs nqepi They are going to put boughs down. qeqs nqepi, pqs nqepi nqepis S/he put down boughs. nqepn, nqepnt es nqepms S/he is putting down boughs. ies nqepi, as nqepi qs nqepms S/he is going to put down boughs. iqs nqepi, aqs nqepi nqepis They put down boughs. qe nqepntm, p nqepntp es nqepms They are putting down boughs. qe es nqepi, es nqepmp qs nqepms They are going to put down boughs. qeqs nqepi, qs nqepmp nqepnt aslaqi You put boughs down at you Sweat Lodge. mp western red cedar boughs.
bounce
tem bounce something. prefix: on the surface; rt.: te hit/bump into. tentes S/he bounced s.t. tenten, tente es tems S/he is bouncing s.t. ies tem, as tem qs tems S/he is going to bounce s.t. iqs tem, aqs tem tentes They bounced s.t. qe tentem, tentep es tems They are bouncing s.t. qe es tem, es temp qs tems They are going to bounce s.t. qeqs tem, qs temp tetem dribble, bounce the ball on the ground. See: dribble. tent Bounce it. (comm.) tet Bounce it to somebody. (comm.) yoyostent Bounce it hard. (comm.) t swe u tentes Who bounced it? o ctet Bounce it to me.
boundary uletn border, boundary. bow ci hunting bow.
rt.: i line; suffix: ule land.
cl, c western yew. (Used to make bows ci.) toyqn bow the head. toyqn S/he/it bowed his/her head. n toyqn, toyqn toyqni Bow you head. (comm.)
bowed pesm bowed over. rt.: pi bent. See: bend. bow legged sasalqstn, sasal bow legged. bowl snssetn bowl. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
es nule bowl in the land.
bowling
lolli bowl. es lolli S/he is bowling. nes lolli, es lolli snlolli place to bowl. ha qs is lolli Are you going to go bowl?
box boy
lu box. sset small boy. ttit boy, boy up to the age of puberty.
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titwit boys; to the age of puberty. es me boy at the age of puberty. tittit boy after age of puberty. sqltmi male, man, boy, to tell the sex of boy. tw youngest, young (boy).
Bozeman epseene Bozeman; lit. has small hawthorn bushes. brace nyawlsm brace yourself; stiffen-up.
nyawlsm S/he/it braced themselves. n nyawlsm, nyawlsm nyawiyawt Brace yourself. (comm.) nyawlsi Brace yourself. (comm.) e nyawlsm You were already stiffened-up.
bracelet slcnst, slcn bracelet. brag tisct make ones self important, great; brag.
tisct S/he bragged. n tisct, tisct es tiscti S/he is bragging. nes tiscti, es tiscti qs tiscti S/he is going to brag. iqs tiscti, qs tiscti tiscut They bragged. qe tisct, p tisct es tiscuti They are bragging. qe es tiscti, pes tiscti qs tiscuti They are going to brag. qeqs tiscti, pqs tiscti tisct Make yourself important. (comm.) tnmscin talk big; to brag. tnmscin S/he talked big. n tnmscin, tnmscin es tnmscini S/he is talking big. nes tnmscini, es tnmscini qs tnmscini S/he is going to talk big. iqs tnmscini, qs tnmscini es tcnmisti S/he is talking big about his/her self. nes tcnmisti, es tcnmisti
braid
spney braid hair. sspney, ssp (pl.) es speneyms S/he is braiding s.o.s hair. ies speneym, as speneym qs speneyms S/he is going to braid s.o.s hair. iqs speneym, aqs speneym iqs speneym Im going to braid your hair.
sni braid/lock on top or to the side. sit braid something. es siti S/he/it is braiding. nes siti, es siti
braid wraps brain branch
pe braid wraps.
lthe otter braid wraps. smqin brain.
se one branch. sclclm branches.
illnp branches. mp cedar boughs; western red cedar boughs.
brand
i brand with a hot iron. cuy qeqs im u uwe Come on well chart out a course. 56
isqe brand a horse/domectic animal with a hot iron. isqe S/he brand a horse out. n isqe, isqe es isqei S/he is branding a horse out. nes isqei, es isqei qs isqei S/he is going to brand a horse out. iqs isqei, qs isqei im mark/brand with the hand. im S/he marked. n im, im es mi S/he is making. nes mi, es nmi qs mi S/he is going to mark. iqs mi, qs nmi im They marked. qe im, p im es mi They are making. qe es mi, pes nmi qs mi They are going to mark. qeqs mi, pqs nmi tesqe make a horse/domestic animal with the hand. tesqe S/he marked a horse out. n tesqe, tesqe es tesqei S/he is marking a horse out. nes tesqei, es tesqei qs tesqei S/he is going to mark a horse out. iqs tesqei, qs tesqei
brave bread
tispu brave. lit. big heart.
snpe, snp bread. nplem make bread. nplem S/he made bread. n nplem, nplem es nplei S/he is making bread. nes nplei, es nplei qs nplei S/he is going to make bread. iqs nplei, qs nplei em n nplem I will make bread. snp go after bread. snp S/he went after bread. n snp, snp es snp S/he is going after bread. nes snp, es snp qs snp S/he is going to go after bread. iqs snp, qs snp snpu They went after bread. qe snp, p snp es snpu They are going after bread. qe es snp, pes snp qs snpu They are going to go after bread. qeqs snp, pqs snp
nalem make frybread. See: frybread. nelem make bannock bread. See: bannock bread.
break
mt break. mais S/he/it broke s.t. man, mant mais They broke s.t. qe mantm, mantp mumais S/he broke it repeatly. muman, mumant es ma It is broke. mantm It got broken.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone mant Break it. (comm.) P.l. Plural mam wrecked/break a house, tipi, lodge. R.t. Root word comm. Command o mais t cips wolverine wrecked (broke) my tipi. t spis u wiis t mali ci sm Lit. Literally o es mumtm innns Yesterday Mary saw that grizzly bear breaking my window. Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, es ma u spnis His/her clock is broken. mat u inpumin My drum is broke (frame See: - Redirection to a related word. is broke).
mosqe, mosq vehicle/horse broke; vehicle/horse doesnt work. suffix: sqae, sqa
domestic animal; mainly referring to horse or car.
mosq His/her vehicle/horse broke down. n mosq, mosq 57
am break wood/bones. nes a I am breaking (s.t.). antes S/he/it broke it. anten, ante es ams S/he/it is breaking it. ies am, as am qs ams S/he/it is going to break it. iqs am, aqs am antes They broke it. qe antem, antep es ams They are breaking it. qe es am, es amp qs ams They are going to break it. qeqs am, qs amp ais S/he/it broke it. an, ant ais They broke it. qe antm, antp uais S/he/it broke things. uan, uant es a Its broken. antem It got broken. wup It broke. ant Break it. (comm.) apan broken arm. napqin broken tree top. napaqs broken nose; expression: to be angry. ae yellow bell. es a u inmintn My pencil is broke. aup u inmintn My pencil broke. ant ci stmtmni Break those snowberry sticks! tip shatter/break into pieces: stone, glass, iron or teeth. tip S/he/it broke (s.t.). n tip, tip es tpmi S/he/it is breaking (s.t.). nes tpmi, es tpmi qs tpmi S/he/it is going to break (s.t.). iqs tpmi, qs tpmi tip They broke (s.t.). qe tip, p tip es tpmi They are breaking (s.t.). qe es tpmi, pes tpmi qs tpmi They are going to break (s.t.). qeqs tpmi, pqs tpmi tnts S/he/it broke s.t. tntn, tnte tntes They broke s.t. qe tntm, tntp ntpus S/he/it has a broken neck. n ntpus, ntpus ntpeys S/he/it has a broken tooth. n ntpeys, ntpeys nttpeys S/he/it has broken teeth. n nttpeys, nttpeys nteysis S/he/it broke s.o.s tooth. nteysn, nteysnt o nteysnt You broke my tooth. ha tnte qeasnu Did you break our mirror. tip u qp plate broke. t swe u tnts u qpe Who broke the plate? tntn u qp I broke the plate. es til nse The window broke. tip u innse My window broke. s.t. something (s.t.) something ttip u innse My window broke into pieces. emist relax (loosen yourself); do what you want; pass time; recreate. es emi S/he/it is relaxing. nes emi, es emi snemistn place to relax/recreate; a recreation area. prefix: sn a place of;
means of/device.
nemistn certain place to relax, recreate, do what you want (i.e., fishing hole,
the mountains, your shop, etc.).
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command suffix: ...tn Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, some place in See: - Redirection to a related word.
els take a break, a rest. els S/he/it rested. n els, els es elsi S/he/it is resting. nes elsi, es elsi 58
qs elsi S/he/it is going to rest. iqs elsi, qs elsi els They rested. qe els, p els es elsi They are resting. qe es elsi, pes elsi qs elsi They are going to rest. qeqs elsi, pqs elsi acacsqe, acacsq break horses. acacsqe S/he broke a horse. acacsqe, acacsqe es acacsqei S/he is breaking a horse. nes acacsqei, es acacsqei qs acacsqei S/he is going to break a horse. iqs acacsqei, qs acacsqei acacsqae They broke a horse. qe acacsqe, p acacsqe es acacsqaei They are breaking a horse. qe es acacsqei, pes acacsqei qs acacsqaei They are going to break a horse. qeqs acacsqei, pqs acacsqei sacacsqe somebody who breaks horses. prefix: s one who does. acac break horses; repeatedly tying. acac S/he broke horses. n acac, acac es acac S/he is breaking horses. nes acac, es acac qs acac S/he is going to break horses. iqs acac, qs acac acacnnm complete breaking a horse. acacnis S/he broke the horse. acacnn, acacnnt es acacnnms S/he is finishing breaking the horse. ies acacnnm, as acacnnm es acacnnms S/he is going to finish breaking the horse. iqs acacnnm, aqs acacnnm acacnuis They broke the horse. qe acacnn, acacnntp es acacnunms They are finishing breaking the horse. qe es acacnnm, es acacnnmp es acacnunms They are going to finish breaking the horse. qeqs acacnnm, qs acacnnmp
breakable breakfast
i fragile; easily broken; breakable.
estm eat breakfast. estm S/he/it ate breakfast. n estm, estm es esti S/he/it is eating breakfast. nes esti, es esti qs esti S/he/it is going to eat breakfast. iqs esti, qs esti estm They ate breakfast. qe estm, estm es esti They are eating breakfast. qe es esti, pes esti qs esti They are going to eat breakfast. qeqs esti, pqs esti t ste u estm What did you eat for breakfast?
breast
sqaqm breasts. em suffix indicating breasts. See: sec. 2. qemt breast feed; nurse. qemet She nursed. n qemet, qemet es qemeti She is nursing. nes qemeti, es qemeti qs qemeti She is going to nurse. iqs qemeti, qs qemeti qemstes She nursed him/her. qemsten, qemste es qemims She is nursing him/her. ies qemim, as qemim qs qemims She is going to nurse him/her. iqs qemim, aqs qemim tatame suck on the nipple. See: suck.
breast feed
break pedal breast plate
lpisqetn, lpisq break pedal. sac, sa breast plate. rt.: hooked on to; suffix: ac chest. 59
breathe
pew breathe. es pupwli S/he/it is breathing. nes pupwli, es pupwli pupwl Breathe. (comm.) pwl Take one breath. (comm.) npw pump up. npwmn air pump. n swne ste u es pupwli I hear something breathing.
yomspewl hold breath inside the body. rt.: yomim hold steady. yomspewl S/he held his/her breath. n yomspewl, yomspewl es yomspewli S/he holding his/her breath. nes yomspewli, es yomspewli qs yomspewli S/he is going to hold his/her breath. iqs yomspewli, qs yomspewli yomscin hold breath by closing the mouth. rt.: yomim hold steady. yomscin S/he held his/her breath. n yomscin, yomscin es yomscini S/he holding his/her breath. nes yomscini, es yomscini qs yomscini S/he is going to hold his/her breath. iqs yomscini, qs yomscini tupes, tup winded/out of breath. See: winded.
Brewers blackbird
blackbird; Brewers blackbird.
bri
bribe
qil invite; attract; bribe. qil S/he/it bribed. n qil, qil es qili S/he/it is bribing. nes qili, es qili qs qili S/he/it is going to bribe. iqs qili, qs qili lepsn brick. suffix: sn rock.
brick bridge
nls bridge. scnls something thats been bridged. sius bridiaea. ace bridle.
bridiaea bridle
acpasqe bridle a horse. acpasqe S/he bridled a horse. n acpasqe, acpasqe es acpasqei S/he is bridling a horse. nes acpasqei, es acpasqei acpasqetn, acpasq bridle. plpasqe unbridle a horse. ausm put a bridle/hackamore/halter on. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: us Face. ausis S/he put a bridle on it. ausn, ausnt ausis They put a bridle on it. qe ausntm, ausntp ausnt Put the hackamore/bridle on it. ausntm Its face has been lined; a bridle has been put on it. pusm take a bridle/hackamore/halter off. rt.: pim release from; suffix: us Face. pusm S/he removed a bridle. n pusm, pusm 60
es pusi S/he is removing a bridle. nes pusi, es pusi qs pusi S/he is going to remove a bridle. iqs pusi, qs pusi pusm They removed a bridle. qe pusm, p pusm es pusi They are removing a bridle. qe es pusi, pes pusi qs pusi They are going to remove a bridle. qeqs pusi, pqs pusi pusnt Take the bridle off. (comm.) aasqetn, aasq harness. See: harness. astn, a halter. See: halter. puse, pus halter. See: halter.
bright bring
shine, bright. See: shine.
bright; the red-hot glow of something heated. See: hot. um bring/carry something over somewhere. uis S/he/it brought s.t. there. un, unt es ums S/he/it is bringing s.t. there. ies um, as um qs ums S/he/it is going to bring s.t. there. iqs um, aqs um uis They brought s.t. there. qe untm, untp es ums They are bringing it. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to bring s.t. there. qeqs um, qs ump unt bring there. (comm.) umsqe, umsq bring domestic animals/horses somewhere. umsqe S/he brought horses. n umsqe, umsqe es umsqei S/he is bringing horses. nes umsqei, es umsqei qs umsqei S/he is going to bring horses. iqs umsqei, qs umsqei umsqae They brought horses. qe umsqe, p umsqe es umsqaei They are bringing horses. qe es umsqei, pes umsqei qs umsqaei They are going to bring horses. qeqs umsqei, pqs umsqei cum bring/carry something here. rt.: um bring; prefix: c ward the direction of speaker. cuis S/he/it carried s.t. here. cun, cunt es cums S/he/it is bringing s.t. here. ies cum, as cum qs cums S/he/it is going to bring s.t. here. iqs cum, aqs cum cuis They brought it here. qe cuntm, cuntp es cums They are bringing it. qe es cum, es cump qs cums They are going to bring s.t. there. qeqs cum, qs cump cunt bring here. (comm.) utn I brought it for s.o. o uts S/he brought it for me. iusm take/bring along a person or animal. rt.: uy go; infix: us face. iusis S/he/it took s.o. along. iusn, iusnt es iusms S/he/it is taking s.o. along. ies iusm, as iusm qs iusms S/he/it is going to take s.o. along. iqs iusm, aqs iusm iusis They took s.o. along. qe iusntm, iusntp es iums They are taking s.o. along. qe es iusm, es iusmp qs iums They are going to take s.o. along. qe qs iusm, qs iusmp iusnt Take s.o. along. (comm.) imsqe, imsq take/bring along domestic animals/horses. imsqe S/he brought along a horse. n imsqe, imsqe 61
es imsqei S/he is bringing along a horse. nes imsqei, es imsqei qs imsqei S/he is going to bring along a horse. iqs imsqei, qs imsqei imsqae They brought along a horse. qe imsqe, p imsqe es imsqaei They are bringing along a horse. qe es imsqei, pes imsqei qs imsqaei They are going to bring along a horse. qeqs imsqei, pqs imsqei iqs iusm u issilt qeqs is qqme I am going to bring the kids along fishing. num bring an individual person or thing inside. nusts S/he brought s.o. in there. nustn, nust es nums S/he is bringing s.o. in there. ies num, as num qs nums S/he is going to bring s.o. in there. iqs num, aqs num nusts They brought s.o. in there. qe nustm, nustp es nums They are bringing s.o. in there. qe es num, es nump qs nums They are going to bring s.o. in there. qeqs num, qs nump cnusts S/he brought s.o. in here. cnustn, cnust cnusts They brought s.o. in here. qe cnustm, cnustp cnustm S/he/it was brought inside. numsqe, numsq bring one domestic animal, horse inside. numsqe S/he brought it in. n numsqe, numsqe es numsqei S/he is bringing it in. nes numsqei, es numsqei qs numsqei S/he is going to bring it in. iqs numsqei, qs numsqei numsqe They brought it in. qe numsqe, p numsqe es numsqei They are bringing it in. qe es numsqei, pes numsqei qs numsqei They are going to bring it in. qeqs numsqei, pqs numsqei npilm bring something inside there. npilis S/he brought s.t. in. npiln, npilnt es npilms S/he is bringing s.t. in. ies npilm, as npilm qs npilms S/he is bringing s.t. in. iqs npilm, aqs npilm npilis They brought s.t. in. qe npilntm, npilntp es npilms They are bringing s.t. in. qe es npilm, es npilmp qs npilms They are going to bring s.t. in. qeqs npilm, qs npilmp cnpil Bring them in here. (comm.) npil Bring them in there. (comm.) npilnt Bring s.t. in. (comm.) nplsqe, nplsq bring domestic animals, horses inside. nplsqe S/he brought it in. n nplsqe, nplsqe es nplsqei S/he is bringing it in. nes nplsqei, es nplsqei qs nplsqei S/he is going to bring it in. iqs nplsqei, qs nplsqei nplsqe They brought it in. qe nplsqe, p nplsqe es nplsqei They are bringing it in. qe es nplsqei, pes nplsqei qs nplsqei They are going to bring it in. qeqs nplsqei, pqs nplsqei npleslm bring wood in there. rt.: npil go in (pl.); suffix: al wood. npleslm S/he brought wood in. n npleslm, npleslm es nplesli S/he is bringing wood in. ies nplesli, as nplesli qs nplesli S/he is bringing wood in. iqs nplesli, aqs nplesli npleslm They brought wood in. qe npleslm, p npleslm
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es nplesli They are bringing wood in. qe es nplesli, es nplesli qs nplesli They are going to bring wood in. qeqs nplesli, qs nplesli npleslis S/he brought the wood in. nplesln, npleslnt es npleslms S/he is bringing the wood in. ies npleslm, as npleslm qs npleslms S/he is bringing the wood in. iqs npleslm, aqs npleslm npleslis They brought the wood in. qe npleslntm, npleslntp es npleslms They are bringing the wood in. qe es npleslm, es npleslmp qs npleslms They are going to bring the wood in. qeqs npleslm, qs npleslmp es nplplesli S/he is bringing wood in repeatedly. nes nplplesli, es nplplesli es nplpleslms S/he is bringing the wood in repeatedly. ies nplpleslm, as nplpleslm es nplesli S/he is bringing a little bit of wood in. nes nplesli, es nplesli snpleslm somebody who brings wood in. prefix: s one who does. npleslnemn someone who always likes to bring wood in. suffix: emn one who always
likes to do.
nplesli Bring in wood. (comm.) npleslnt Bring the wood in. (comm.) nplesnm bring rocks in there. rt.: npil go in (pl.); suffix: sn rock. nplesm S/he brought rocks in. nplesnm, nplesnm es nplesni S/he is bringing rocks in. nes nplesni, es nplesni qs nplesni S/he is bringing rocks in. iqs nplesni, qs nplesni nplesm They brought rocks in. qe nplesnm, nplesnm es nplesni They are bringing rocks in. qe es nplesni, es nplesni qs nplesni They are going to bring rocks in. qeqs nplesni, qs nplesni nplesnis S/he brought the rocks in. nplesn, nplesnnt es nplesnms S/he is bringing the rocks in. ies nplesnm, as nplesnm qs nplesnms S/he is bringing the rocks in. iqs nplesnm, aqs nplesnm nplesnis They brought the rocks in. qe nplesnntm, nplesnntp es nplesnms They are bringing the rocks in. qe es nplesnm, es nplesnmp qs nplesnms They are going to bring the rocks in. qeqs nplesnm, qs nplesnmp snplesnm somebody who brings rocks in. prefix: s one who does. nplesnemn someone who always likes to bring rocks in. suffix: emn one who always
likes to do.
nplesni Bring in rocks. (comm.) nplesnt Bring the rocks in. (comm.) ocqm bring something out there. ocqis S/he brought s.t. out. ocqn, ocqnt es ocqms S/he is bringing s.t. out. ies ocqem, as ocqm qs ocqms S/he is going to bring s.t. out. iqs ocqem, aqs ocqm occqeis They brought s.t. out. qe occqntm, occqntp es occqems They are bringing s.t. out. qe es occqm, es occqmp qs occqems They are going to bring s.t. out. qeqs occqm, qs occqmp ocqes Bring it out there. (comm.) ocqusm bring someone out there. rt.: ocqe go out; suffix: us face, fire. ocqusis S/he brought s.o. out. ocqusn, ocqusnt es ocqusms S/he is bringing s.o. out. ies ocqusm, as ocqusm qs ocqusms S/he is going to bring s.o. out. iqs ocqusm, aqs ocqusm occqusis They brought s.o. out. occqusntm, occqusntp
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es occqusms They are bringing s.o. out. qe es occqusm, es occqusmp qs occqusms They are going to bring s.o. out. qeqs occqusm, qs occqusmp ocqusnt Bring him/her out there. (comm.) ocsqe take/bring a horse/domestic animal out of someplace. (i.e., a barn, corral, etc.) ocsqe S/he took a horse out. n ocsqe, ocsqe es ocsqei S/he is taking a horse out. nes ocsqei, es ocsqei qs ocsqei S/he is going to take a horse out. iqs ocsqei, qs ocsqei cocqm bring something out here. rt.: ocqe go out; prefix: c indicating toward the speaker. cocqis S/he brought s.t. out here. cocqn, cocqnt es cocqms S/he is bringing s.t. out here. ies cocqem, as cocqm qs cocqms S/he is going to bring s.t. out here. iqs cocqem, aqs cocqm coccqeis They brought s.t. out here. qe coccqntm, coccqntp es coccqems They are bringing s.t. out here. qe es coccqm, es coccqmp qs coccqems They are going to bring s.t. out here. qeqs coccqm, qs coccqmp cocqm S/he/it brought it out here. cocqes Bring it out here. (comm.) cocqusm bring someone out here. rt.: ocqe go out; prefix: c indicating toward the speaker;
suffix: us face, fire.
cocqusis S/he brought s.o. out here. cocqusn, cocqusnt es cocqusms S/he is bringing s.o. out here. ies cocqusm, as cocqusm qs cocqusms S/he is going to bring s.o. out here. iqs cocqusm, aqs cocqusm coccqusis They brought s.o. out here. coccqusntm, coccqusntp es coccqusms They are bringing s.o. out here. qe es coccqusm, es coccqusmp qs coccqusms They are going to bring s.o. out here. qeqs coccqusm, qs coccqusmp cocqusnt Bring him/her out here. (comm.) tmsqe, tmsq bring a horse to water. tmsqe S/he brought a horse to water. n tmsqe, tmsqe es tmsqei S/he is bringing a horse to water. nes tmsqei, es tmsqei qs tmsqei S/he is going to bring a horse to water. iqs tmsqei, qs tmsqei cnem fetch something that is within the immediate area; lit. to go take something and bring it
back here. See: fetch.
cqom gather and bring things here. (the plural form of cnem) See: gather.
bro
broken broom
mt break. See: break. slepmn, slee broom. rt.: sle make bare/clean; suffix:
floor covering which were boughs in the past.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied ep, p tree; from s.o. someone P.l. Plural p tree; from floor R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
pmn broom. rt.: a scrape; prefix: surface; suffix: ep,

covering which were boughs in the past. lit. instrument to scrap.
broth brother
sst, ss soup; broth. suffix: et, t liquid.
qc older brother of a male. qcqc (pl.) qcs his older brother. inqc, anqc
qqce older brother of a female. 64
qqces her older brother. inqqce, anqqce since younger brother of a male. snsince (pl.) sinces his younger brother. isince, asince sisnce younger brother of a female. sisnces her younger brother. isisnce, asisnce qws older brother. snsi brother/sister/cousin. snssi(pl.) rt.: ssilt offspring; prefix: sn fellow;
member of.
snsis his/her brother/sister/cousin. isnsi, asnsi, snsis their brother/sister/cousin. qesnsi, snsimp scsnsi foster brother. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scsince foster younger brother. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scqce foster older brother of a female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scqc foster older bother of a male. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
brother-in-law
st brother-in-law of male. sestem brother-in-law of a female. nitn brother- or sister-in-law after death/separation/divorce of sibling.
brow, eyebrow cpy eyebrow; brow. brown i brown.

i p Its faded; tan, grey. brown horse. p buckskin colored horse. um orange, brown. em i t m um then it will be done, orange/brown (the hide).
brown bat le, leliye bat. bruise iyus bruise.

i ys black eye. emu bruised all the way through coming to the skin.
brush
nct forest, backwoods, brush, thicket.
i nn Its a tight space inside. (i.e. brush, thicket.) esmp bush. neysm brush/clean teeth. (s.t.) something implied neysm S/he brushed his/her teeth. n neysm, neysm s.o. someone es neysi S/he is brushing his/her teeth. nes neysi, es neysi P.l. Plural qs neysi S/he is going to brush his/her teeth. iqs neysi, qs R.t. Root word comm. Command neysi Lit. Literally neysi Brush your teeth. (comm.) nuistn toothpaste. neysi e wisinm Brush your teeth after meals.
a related word. s.t. something
Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
buck
sn, s white-tail buck. suffix: eln horn. 65
puwln, puw blacktail buck, Mule deer. nmcmcclple, nmcmccl buck. (i.e., horse, bull, etc.) suffix: ple permanence.
buckle
pestn buckle together. pesi buckle. (comm.) pesnt buckle s.o./s.t. (comm.) snle pestn belt buckle. iuyn pestn seat buckle.
buckskin
sii buckskin; buckskin rope; buckskin lacing.
ulil, uli buckskin, white-tail doe hide. pa buckskin in color.
buckskin dress
silqs buckskin dress. rt.: sii buckskin; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
splqs, sp womans traditional cloth dress. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
buck brush ityep, itye buck brush, ceanothus. bucket pe, p bucket.
s bark basket, rawhide bucket. entwi pemp u smp All of you look for your diggers and your bark basket/rawhide bucket.
buckskin
ulil, uli buckskin; white-tail doe hide.
p buckskin horse (color). spst buckskin glove. spapalsa mans traditional buckskin war shirt.
buffalo
iy buffalo. lit. lots of blacks. smiy buffalo cow. ll, ll buffalo calf; cow calf. (lit. red hide. Buffalo calves have a reddish coat. This sum buffalo bull. swi buffalo yearling. s buffalo cow. i piq iy white buffalo.
word has been adopted for use with cattle calves.) Rt., il red; prefix: surface; suffix: el skin/hide.
buffalo berry ssm foamberry, buffalo berry. bug tiule insect, bug. lit. Earth crawler. rt.: tiye crawl; suffix: ule land.
ntiule worm, insect, bug. See: worm.
See: insect.
bugle
npu bugle; blow inside. (i.e., bull elk) Rt. pu blow. es npui It is bugling. si whistle. See: whistle. u work on a house; build a house. rt.: u do; suffix: e house. u S/he worked a house. n u, u es ui S/he working on a house. nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he going to work on a house. iqs ui, qs ui
build
66
u They worked on a house. qe u, p u es ui They are working on a house. qees ui, pes ui qs ui They are going to work on a house. qeqs ui, pqs ui e qe wis u m qe li When we finish building the house, well live in it. n um t iy I made a canoe. u do; make; fix; work. See: work.
bulbrush tti bulbrush. bull nmlmlpls, nmlml male animal; bull, stallion.
scum bull; steer.
suffix: epls testicle.
bull elk
te bull elk. el bull elk hide. sni bullets. nes ni I am loading bullets. stt bullhead trout. tiet stta Rip the blankets off the bullhead trout.
snami elk teeth.
bullets
mlmi The lead of a bullet.
bullhead trout
Bullocks oriole iwu northern oriole, Bullocks oriole. bull pine stp bull pine, ponderosa pine. bull snake snu bull snake; gopher snake. bull trout ay bull trout, Dolly Varden trout.
ay, y little bull trout.
bumble bee map bumble bee. bump temistm, te bump against something (i.e., wall, person, etc.).
rt.: te hit/bump into.
temist S/he/it bumped (s.t.). n temist, temist es temisti S/he/it is bumping (s.t.). nes temisti, es temisti es tetemi S/he/it is repeatedly hitting; hammering. nes tetemi, es tetemi temistmis S/he/it bumped into s.t./s.o. temistmn, temistmnt temistmis They bumped into s.t./s.o. temistmntm, temistmntp temistmnwe They bumped/ran into each other. tamnqnwe, tamnqnwe They bump each others heads together. tem bounce something. See: bounce. tal, ta bump into wood or a tree. temistmntm aaa t iuyn The fox was hit issm ie u qe es tamnqnwei I saw a bear tamnqnwe m spnun I will bump heads with it until ta qes npmpqan Dont bump your head.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word by a car. n wim t nmqe comm. Command so close we almost bumped heads. Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively I overcome it/win. i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
bumpy bundle
mmal bumpy wood. rt.: mo bump/hill/mtn.; suffix: al wood. es things in the bundle. 67
bunting burn
t snow bunting.
es lark bunting. ma get burned. ma S/he/it got a burn. n ma, ma sma burn. nmoqlt S/he/it burned his/her throat. n nmoqlt, nmoqlt nmcin S/he burned his/her tongue/mouth. n nmcin, nmcin nmpolt burned mouth. nmpsametn burned throat. ha ma Did you get burned? i brand with a hot iron. See: brand. ulip burn up; to catch fire. See: fire. aap grass/timber caught fire. See: fire. t, powdery ashes. see: ash.
burrito llsin burrito. rt.: l roll, wrap. burrowing owl nc burrowing owl. bury la bury.
lm S/he/it buried. n lm, lm es lai S/he/it is burying. nes lai, es lai qs lai S/he/it is going to bury. iqs lai, qs lai lam They buried. qe lm, p lm es lai They are burying. qe es lai, pes lai qs lai They are going to bury. qeqs lai, pqs lai es lams S/he/it burys him/her/it. ies lam, as lam qs lams S/he/it is going to bury him/her/it. iqs lam, aqs lam es lams They bury him/her/it. qe es lam, es lamp qs lams They are going to bury him/her/it. qeqs lam, qs lamp ltmtmn funeral.
bus
bus
snuuw school bus; bus. s.t. something snuuuw bus that takes passengers; bus that travels around the country picking up (s.t.) something implied and dropping off passengers here and there. scnels business. rt.: e put inside; prefix: sc s.t thats done/made/prepared; circumfix: nels want, feel. scnelsts his/her/its business. iscnels, ascnels, scnelsts their business. qescnels, scnelsmp nelsmis S/he took care of it. nelsmn, nelsmnt nelsmis They took care of it. qe nelsmtm, nelsmntp naels always busy; snoopy; nosy; prying. 68
s.o. someone P.l. Plural been R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
business
tam ascnels Its none of your business. ciqs uy iilqs n ep scnels Im going to Pablo on business, I have business there. sntumi store.
bush
esmp bush. n sewne te t ste e t esep I heard something in the bush. ht pack rat, bushy-tailed wood rat.
nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket.
bushy-tailed wood rat bustle
sp hole; den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. slnups, slnu bustle. rt.: il standing upright. iqs ui t iqs slnu Im going to make a bustle. snups bustle. rt.: i protrude. atim busy with something. atim S/he was being busy. n atim, atim es atmi S/he is being busy. nes atmi, es atmi qs atmi S/he is going to be busy. iqs atmi, qs atmi atim They were being busy. qe atim, p atim es atmi They are being busy. qe es atmi, pes atmi qs atmi They are going to be busy. qeqs atmi, pqs atmi atmstes S/he was busy with s.t. atmsten, atmste es atims S/he is being busy with s.t. ies atim, as atim qs atims S/he is going to be busy with s.t. iqs atim, aqs atim atmstes They were busy with s.t. qe atmstem, atmstep es atims They are being busy with s.t. qe es atim, es atimp qs atims They are going to be busy with s.t. qeqs atim, qs atimp aatim Each one of them are busy. qe aatim, p aatim atemn someone who always likes to be busy. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. aatmu the individual that is always busy. suffix: mu the individual who always does. ati Be busy. (comm.) atmis Be busy with s.t. (comm.) atint Be busy with s.t. (comm.) es atmweisti They are busy with each other. qe es atmweisti, pes atmweisti es atmscuti S/he is busy with his/her self. nes atmscuti, es atmscuti atmists S/he is working at it. atmistn, atmist es aeplems S/he is busy with s.t. ies aeplem, as aeplem qs aeplems S/he is going to be busy with s.t. iqs aeplem, aqs aeplem es aeplems They are busy with s.t. qe es aeplem, es aeplemp qs aeplems They are going to be busy with s.t. qeqs aeplem, qs aeplemp atim es ui S/he is busy beading. a busy with; mess around with; perform; finally. a u n uest I finally finished. asts S/he did it like s.t./s.o. astn, ast aists They did it like s.t./s.o. qe astm, astp m astn How should I do it? u ast How did you do it? 69
busy
e u ast This is how you did it. ye e m ast Youll do it like this. astn t se I did it like water. allws, allw hustle around for something; able and determined in doing something. suffix:
...lwis indicate going around.
allws S/he/it hustled around. n allws, allws es allwsi S/he/it is hustling around. nes allwsi, es allwsi qs allwsi S/he/it is going to hustle around. iqs allwsi, qs allwsi allwis They hustled around. qe allws, p allws es allwisi They are hustling around. qe es allwsi, pes allwsi qs allwisi They are going to hustle around. qeqs allwsi, pqs allwsi allwisemn someone who always likes to hustle around for something. suffix: emn one
who always likes to do.
allwisi Hustle around. (comm.) n allmutm I will be able to (future; something thats coming up). nes allwsi t ululim I am hustling around for money. iqs allwsi t sin Im going to hustle around for food. n allws u un u nm I was persistent, determined, able in fixing the door. allws u wits smaly S/he hustled around and found a doctor. allws pasq u i Through his persistence, determination Pascal arrived here or there. allws u lwye u uye Valeria kept at it and got done. es allwsi ululim You rustled around for money. iqs allwisi t ululim I will be hustle around for money. al every time. See: every time. alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: imitate. naels always busy; snoopy; nosy; prying. See: business.
butcher
icm butcher, cut-up. cnts S/he butchered s.t. cntn , cnt es cims S/he is butchering s.t. ies cim, as cim qs cims S/he is going to butcher s.t. iqs cim, aqs cim cntes They butchered s.t. qe cntm , cntp es cims They are butchering s.t. qe es cim, es cimp qs cims They are going to butcher s.t. qeqs cim, qs cimp sts u cnts u e t S/he cleaned it and butchered it and packed it back to camp.
plsqaem kill domestic animals.
butt
somps, som butt.
nups, eps, ps circumfix indicating butt, tail, pants. ntnups small butt. s.t. something nimeps small butt. (s.t.) something implied nups dirty butt. s.o. someone nyutups rich butt. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word nips comm. Command emtupsm keep someone from doing something; hold someone back. rt.: emut sit; suffix: Lit. Literally
ups, ps butt, tail. See: hold back.
nayutups stooped over naked. i nups You dirty butt. (derogatory) i nyutups You rich butt. (derogatory) es emtupsms tisi t nons Big Blankets wife is keeping him home. (lit. Big Blankets
wife is sitting on his tail.)

a related word.
nps blow or thrust with the head. 70
snapqi butt with the head. tamnqnwe, tamnqnwe They bump each others heads together.
Butte snapqi, snapqi Butte; lit. loud sound coming from the mountain. butter mimn butter. buttercup syamn buttercup. butterfly elule, lu butterfly. button a button.
iliy button (describes material wrapped around the button). qpint Button it up. (comm.)
buy
tumi buy. tumi S/he bought. n tumi, tumi es tumi S/he is buying. nes tumi, es tumi qs tumi S/he is going to buy. iqs tumi, qs tumi tumi They bought. qe tumi, p tumi es tumi They are buying. qe es tumi, pes tumi qs tumi They are going to buy. qeqs tumi, pqs tumi tumistmis S/he bought s.t. tumistmn, tumistmnt tumistmis They bought s.t. qe tumistmntm, tumistmntp es tutumi S/he is buying this and that. nes tutumi, es tutumi tumistmnwe buy from each other; exchange. t in u tumi t i How many candies did you buy? t esel i u n tumi I bought two candies. n tumi t i sic iuyn I bought a new car. tusqe, tusq buy horses and domestic animals. tusqe S/he bought a horse. n tusqe, tusqe es tusqei S/he is buying a horse. nes tusqei, es tusqei qs tusqei S/he is going to buy a horse. iqs tusqei, qs tusqei tusqae They bought a horse. qe tusqe, p tusqe es tusqaei They are buying a horse. qe es tusqei, pes tusqei qs tusqaei They are going to buy a horse. qeqs tusqei, pqs tusqei eyws, ey trade. See: trade.
buzzard buzz off
cauy buzzard, vulture. uy Go! (comm.)

e Get away! (comm.) cil Buzz off! (comm.) ist Walk! (comm.)
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C
cabbage pic leaf; cabbage, lettuce. cactus syne cactus. caddisworm i caddisworm, straw worm. cafe sneintn, snei cafe, cafeteria, restaurant. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
cafeteria
sneintn, snei cafe, cafeteria, restaurant. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
cake nile cake. rt.: i sweet. calculator synmn calculator. rt.: siyenm count; calendar snsinst, snsin calendar. rt.: siyenm count; suffix: ast sky, day.
sinst count days. sinst S/he counted days. n sinst, sinst es sinsti S/he is counting days. nes sinsti, es sinsti qs sinsti S/he is going to count days. iqs sinsti, qs sinsti sinast They counted days. qe sinst, p sinst es sinasti They are counting days. qe es sinsti, pes sinsti qs sinasti They are going to count days. qeqs sinsti, pqs sinsti es t sinsti S/he is counting the days (before some date). nes t sinsti, es t sinsti nes t sin Im counting the days (before some date). ha es t sin Are you counting the days (before some date)?
calf
ll, ll buffalo calf; cow calf. (lit. red hide. Buffalo calves have a reddish coat. This word has been adopted for use with cattle calves.) Rt., il red; prefix: surface; suffix: el skin/hide.
calf elk eyit calf elk. call lit call on; holler for.
lis S/he/it called for s.o. lin, lint es litms S/he/it is calling for s.o. ies litm, as litm qs litms S/he/it is going to call for s.o. iqs litm, aqs litm lis They called for s.o. qe lintm, lintp es litms They are calling for s.o. qe es litm, es litmp qs litms They are going to call for s.o. qe qs litm, qs litmp lintm S/he/it was call on. lint Call for him/her/it. (comm.) lllintm Each one was called on. nes ltu I am calling for a helper.
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t es colol u ep sclit Then the ones who sent for these things came and got their orders. nawqnm call upon/ask for someone; challenge/encourage someone. See: challenge. nawqncn call on someone to talk. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. nawqncis S/he called on s.o. to talk. nawqncn, nawqncnt es nawqncnms S/he is calling on s.o. to talk. ies nawqncnm, as nawqncnm qs nawqncnms S/he is going to call on s.o. to talk. iqs nawqncnm, aqs nawqncnm nawqncis They called on s.o. to talk. qe nawqncntm, nawqncntp es nawqncnms Theyre calling on s.o. to talk. qe es nawqncnm, es nawqncnmp qs nawqncnms They are going to call on s.o. to talk. qeqs nawqncnm, qs nawqncnmp nawqncntm S/he was call on to talk. o nawqncntm, nawqncntm nawqncut call upon ones self. es nawqncuti S/he is calling upon his/her self. nes nawqncuti, es nawqncuti nawqnelm call on someone to volunteer. nawqnelm S/he called on s.o. to volunteer. n nawqnelm, nawqnelm es nawqnelisti S/he is calling on s.o. to volunteer. nes nawqnelisti, es nawqnelisti salm make a telephone call. rt.: sim strick w/ object; suffix: al wood. salm S/he called. n salm, salm es sali S/he is calling. nes sali, es sali qs sali S/he is going to call. iqs sali, qs sali salm They called. qe salm, p salm es sali They are calling. qe es sali, pes sali qs sali They are going to call. qeqs sali, pqs sali salis S/he called s.o. saln, salnt es salms S/he is calling s.o. ies salm, as salm qs salms S/he is going to call s.o. iqs salm, aqs salm salm They called s.o. qe salntm, salntp es salms They are calling s.o. qe es salm, es salmp qs salms They are going to call s.o. qeqs salm, qs salmp salntm S/he was called. o salntm, salntm iqs is sali inilmim I going to go call my boss. ha e u o salnt eta Would you call me today? e m salwtmncn Where would I call you? sst Name, called. See: name.
call out
oim yell out; to shout out. (i.e. a war cry See: yell.
wm yell, holler; to talk shouting. See: holler. wm say/speak; to pronounce; to annunciate. See: say. nawqnm call upon/challenge someone; to ask for someone. See: challenge. aw, aw guess. See: guess. awawm read/say out loud. See: read. scawaw Spoken words; something thats said. See: say. w Pray. See: pray.
Calliope hummingbird calm qim calm.
i hummingbird.
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i qim Its calm. nqimls calm; content; relaxed. i nqimls S/he is a calm person. i n nqimls, i nqimls es nqimlsi S/he is calming down/relaxing. nes nqimlsi, es nqimlsi es nqiimlsi They are calming down/relaxing. qe es nqimlsi, pes nqimlsi nqmels have calmness inside. qmqemt S/he is at peace/content. n qmqemt, qmqemt nweyl Calm down. (comm.) u, uy calm. i uy, i uy It is calm (wind is calm). nmee cool off after being angry. nmee S/he cooled off. n nmee, nmee
camas
sli camas. sli spni June (month of the camas). See: June. es cti t sli Youre digging camas. pnnt u asli Cover your camas with dirt.
ite raw camas. pu biscuit root, white camas.
Camas Prairie
qlnte, qln Camas Prairie. (lit. raw camas North end of valley near
stream). mtqs (lit. long lasting snow). sut (lit. little half Either side of stream). slsn (lit. little buck on hillside Small hill on north end).
camel camera camp
nmmi, nmmi camel. rt.: mo bump; suffix: i back. simintn camera.
cci overnight camp, overnight stay. cci S/he went camping. n cci, cci es ccii S/he is going camping. nes ccii, es ccii qs ccii S/he is going to go camping. iqs ccii, qs ccii cci They went camping. qe cci, p cci es ccii They are camping. qe es ccii, pes ccii qs ccii They are going to go camping. qeqs ccii, pqs ccii snccitn overnight camping place; hotel, motel. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
s.t. something (s.t.) something the implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
qeqs is ccii We are going to go and camp. nli es i They went around camp. simu tipi. es ai small camp.
camp robber luqi gray jay, Canada jay, camp robber, whiskey jack. can stp can, tin.
ua can, tin.
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Canada goose
tptpsqn, tptp Canada goose.
sa geese. a geese in formation while flying. a si The geese gathered. si goose.
Canada jay lui gray jay, Canada jay, camp robber, whiskey jack. Canadian lltalqs, llta Canadian. Canadian lynx snqcu lynx; Canadian lynx. canal sclet canal. rt.: il tear; suffix: et, t liquid. cancer es eem It is chewing away at his/her body. (i.e., cancer) candle smt candle. smmt (pl.)
esmt little candle. nomee candle wick.
candy cane canoe
il, i candy. cstn, c cane. stim canoe.
iy boat. n um t iy I made a boat. cnetn u iy I pulled the boat out of the water.
cantaloupe aa cantaloupe; has lines all over it. canvas sn rope, canvas.
spn, spne canvas lodge. pims asen Spread it out on your canvas.
rt.: aa it has lines.
canvas dance naa canvas dance. cap snqqpqn baseball cap.

nusu baseball cap. acqn hat. qn lid, cap, cover of a container. rt.: e covered over; suffix: qin, qn top.
capable
i capable and strong, with energy; struggle with all effort at any task; try ones s.t. something
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, - Redirection gee See: related word. to a
hardest. i i S/he/it is full of energy. i n i, i i it apt, able, capable, strong. it S/he is able. n it, it nitn something that makes one capable; energy.
ist u cusi t esmmo, hayo it You walked over the mountain, youre strong/able. it isnasq ta qs ayt My horse is strong/capable, it wont get tired. it u stipn alse u niis lu Every Saturday Stephen is capable/does his best to cut wood.
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puti n i Im still able/capable. imist, imi do onee best; try hard. imist S/he/it did his/her best. n imist, imist es imisti S/he/it is doing his/her best. nes imisti, es imisti qs imisti S/he/it is going to his/her best. iqs imisti, qs imisti imist They did his/her best. qe imist, p imist es imisti They are doing his/her best. qe es imisti, pes imisti qs imisti They are going to his/her best. qeqs imisti, pqs imisti imist Do you best; try your hardest. (comm.) em n imist m n i I will do my best to get there. nes imisti iqs npiyelsi I am trying my hardest so I can be happy.
capture
nn capture. t m o anntm The enemy captured me.
car
car
iuyn automobile, car. lit. Wrinkled feet. rt.: uy wrinkle; suffix: n foot. suyn car tire. iiuyn little car. esimscu iuyn sports car. n tumi t i sic iuyn I bought a new car. istm start a car. See: start. sqe, sq suffix indicating horses, domestic animals, or vehicles. See: animal. pummm The sound a car makes. snapaqstn something to slide down the road with. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device. See: slide.
card care
sctn playing cards.
sii picture, postcard. nct take care of ones self. rt.: im guard; suffix: cut action to the self. nct S/he took care of ones self. n nct, nct es ncti S/he is taking care of ones self. nes ncti, es ncti qs ncti S/he is going to take care of ones self. iqs ncti, qs ncti ncut They took care of themself. qe nct, p nct es ncuti They are taking care of themself. qe es ncti, pes ncti qs ncuti They are going to take care of themself. qeqs ncti, pqs ncti nct Take care of yourself. (comm.) elm put something in the care of someone else. elmis S/he put s.t./s.o. in the care of someone else. elmn, elmnt elmnis They put s.t./s.o. in the care of someone else. qe elmntm, elmntp elmntm S/he/it was put in the care of s.o. lelmnt You put things in the care of other people; sent things through the mail or with somebody. lelmis S/he/it put things in the care of s.o.; sent things through the mail or with s.o.
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im guard or take care of. See: guard. sqe, sq guard horses/domestic animals. See: guard. et watch over children; to babysit. suffix: et, t child, baby.. See: babysit. es mi wake. See: wake. iscnels My business. ascnels Your business. es nelsi S/he/it is busy/engaged in business. nes nelsi, es nelsi es neelsi They are busy/engaged in business. qe es nelsi, pes nelsi nelsmis S/he/it took care of s.t. nelsmn, nelsmnt es nelsms S/he/it is taking care of s.t. ies nelsm, as nelsm qs nelsms S/he/it is going to take care of s.t. iqs nelsm, aqs nelsm neelsmis They took care of s.t. qe nelsmntm, nelsmntp es neelsms They are taking care of s.t. qe es nelsm, es nelsmp qs neelsms They are going to take care of s.t. qeqs nelsm, qs nelsmp iqs uy iilqsa n ep scnels Im going to Pablo on business, I have business there.
careless scaa something put together carelessly. rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy. caribou styln, sty woodland mountain caribou. car, license nmin car license. Carmille kaml Carmille. Caroline kallin Caroline. carpenter su someone who builds houses; capenter. prefix: s one who does. carpenter shop su snumn. carpet pmn rug; carpet. rt.: ep cover; prefix: surface. carrot sum carrot, wild carrot. carry t carry on back, pack.
tt S/he packed it. tmis S/he/it carried it. tmn, tmnt st the one that carries. prefix: s one who does. snt quiver for arrows. e tmn I carried it back. st ci sule Thats a pack mule.
cascara iis cascara. cash register syenmn cash register, calculator, adding machine. cassette recorder snsunutn cassette recorder. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
a radio, harp, guitar, stereo, anything that makes music. rt.: aey laugh.
cast
cqmnqnem, cqmnqne cast a fishing line. rt.: cminm throw. cqmnqneis S/he cast the line. cqmnqnen, cqmnqnent 77
es cqmnqnems S/he is casting the line. ies cqmnqnem, as cqmnqnem qs cqmnqnems S/he is going to cast the line. iqs cqmnqnem, aqs cqmnqnem cqmnqneis They cast the line. qe cqmnqnentm, cqmnqnentp es cqmnqnems They are casting the line. qe es cqmnqnem, es cqmnqnemp qs cqmnqnems They are going to cast the line. qeqs cqmnqnem, qs cqmnqnemp q ome fishing line. qne bait.
cat
pus cat. pspus cats. (pl.) u tisi pusts That ones Big Blanket cat. ci pspus Those cats. snlitmn catalogue.
catalogue caterpillar catfish cattail catch
ililt caterpillar, woolly worm. es yamnscuti Its coiling itself up (a caterpillar making a cocoon). upupci catfish. ip cattail leaves.
sstqi cattail spike. nnunm catch someone or something. nnuis S/he/it caught s.o./s.t. nnun, nnunt es nnunms S/he/it is catching s.o./s.t. ies nnunm, as nnunm qs nnunms S/he/it is going to catch s.o./s.t. iqs nnunm, aqs nnunm nnunts They caught s.o./s.t. qe nnuntm, nnuntp es nnunms They are catching s.o./s.t. qe es nnunms, es nnunmp qs nnunms They are going to catch s.o./s.t. qeqs nnunms, qs nnunmp nnunt Catch it. (comm.) ta o qs nnunt You cant catch me. t swe u nnuis Who caught it? o nnunt Catch me. nnuncn I caught you. ncninm catch up to someone or something. Rt. icn meet. ncnaqs S/he caught up. n ncnaqs, ncnaqs es ncnaqsi S/he is catching up. nes ncnaqsi, es ncnaqsi qs ncnaqsi S/he is going to catch up. iqs ncnaqsi, qs ncnaqsi ncnaqs They caught up. qe ncnaqs, p ncnaqs es ncnaqsi They are catching up. qe es ncnaqsi, pes ncnaqsi qs ncnaqsi They are going to catch up. qeqs ncnaqsi, pqs ncnaqsi ncninis S/he/it caught up to s.o./s.t. ncninn, ncninnt es ncninms S/he/it is catching up to s.o./s.t. ies ncninm, as ncninm qs ncninms S/he/it is going to catch up to s.o./s.t. iqs ncninm, aqs ncninm ncninis They caught up to s.o./s.t. qe ncninntm, ncninntp es ncninms They are catching up to s.o./s.t. qe es ncninm, es ncninmp qs ncninms They are going to catch up to s.o./s.t. qeqs ncninm, qs ncninmp ta o qs ncnint You cant catch up to me. qe ncniilt t seye The Blackfeet caught up with us. ncninnt Catch up. (comm.) 78
ntuinm unable to catch up. es ntuin Cant catch up. es ntuna S/he cant catch up. ntuiis S/he couldnt catch up to s.o. ntuin, ntuint es ntuinms S/he/it isnt catching up to s.o. ies ntuinm, as ntuinm qs ntuinms S/he/it isnt going to catch up to s.o. iqs ntuinm, aqs ntuinm ntuiis They couldnt catch up to s.o. qe ntuintm, ntuintp es ntuinms They arent catching up to s.o. qe es ntuinm, es ntuinmp qs ntuinms They arent going to catch up to s.o. qeqs ntuinm, qs ntuinmp qe ntua We cant catch up. o ntuiis They cant catch me. qye, q fish with a hook. See: fish.
catch fire
aap It (grass, timber) caught fire. es apmi The grass/timber is burning. aapule The land is burned up. hook or snag something. n I hooked it, I snagged it. u snag on something. n snag fish. min hook for pulling or catching. n t tunt sw S/he snagged the big fish. isince u es n My little brother is snagging it.
ulip burn up; to catch fire. ululip (pl.) See: fire.
catch fish
qye, q fish with a hook. See: fish.
Catherine katlin Catherine. Catholic es lpatm S/he is baptized. See: baptize. cattail ip cattail leaves. caught nnunm catch someone/something. See: catch. cave es nen cave. rt.: o hole; prefix: n - inside; suffix: ...en within. caw es nni The magpie is cawing. Cayuse Creek nit Cayuse Creek.
sntetn place near Cayuse creek in the Bitterroot. ep sm place near Cayuse creek in the Bitterroot.
ce
ceanothus ityep , itye ceanothus. cease hoy quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, to cease. Cecille sisal Cecille. cedar st western cedar.
See: quit.
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mp western cedar boughs. elcn balsam fir; cedar.
cedar waxwing us, u cedar waxwing. ceiling ncenn ceiling. celebrate npiyls happy. celebration esyapqini powwow, celebration.
es yapqini They are celebrating. qe es yapqini, pes yapqini esyapqini spni July (month of celebration). See: July. apqin u t ssi There were a lot of people celebrating long ago.
celery spltm elk thistle, celery. cell phone snsllwistn cell phone. cent
sns cent. nusns penny. cilsns nickel. nihs, nih middle, center.
rt.: sl hit on wood; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: lwis indicate going around; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
center cereal chain
am estn cereal. (lit. dry breakfast)
s, link something together. s S/he linked together (s.t.). n s, s es si S/he is linking together (s.t.). nes si, es si qs si S/he is going to link together (s.t.). iqs si, qs si sis S/he linked s.t. together. sn, snt es sms S/he is linking s.t. together. ies sm, as sm qs sms S/he is going to link s.t. together. iqs sm, aqs sm ies lsm iniuyn Im chaining my car.
chair challenge
say.
snemutn, snemu chair. rt.: emut sit; prefix: sn a place of; affix: surface;
suffix: ...tn means of/device.
siyent esy ci snemutn Count all the chairs. nawqnm call upon/ask for someone; challenge/encourage someone. Rt. wm
nawqis S/he/it challenged s.o. nawqn, nawqnt es nawqnms S/he/it is challenging s.o. ies nawqnm, as nawqnm qs nawqnms S/he/it is going to challenge s.o. iqs nawqnm, aqs nawqnm nawqnis They challenged s.o. qe nawqntm, nawqntp es nawqnms They are challenging s.o. qe es nawqnm, es nawqnmp qs nawqnms They are going to challenge s.o. qeqs nawqnm, qs nawqnmp nawqntm S/he was called upon; challenged. o nawqntm, nawqntm ies nawqnm Im challenging you. nawqncn call on someone to talk. See: call. nawqnelm call on someone to volunteer. See: call. nawqncut call upon ones self.
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es nawqncuti S/he is calling upon his/her self. nes nawqncuti, es nawqncuti
change
eys change into something; change money. eysm S/he changed (into s.t.). n eysm, eysm es eysnwei They are changing each other. qe es eysnwei, pes eysnwei
ye trade. snys cost, price. tumi buy. See: buy. lisqe, lisq change horses. lisqe S/he changed horses. lisqe, lisqe es lisqei S/he is changing horses. nes lisqei, es lisqei qs lisqei S/he is going to change horses. iqs lisqei, qs lisqei lisqae They change horses. qe lisqe, p lisqe es lisqaei They are changing horses. qe es lisqei, pes lisqei qs lisqaei They are going to change horses. qeqs lisqei, pqs lisqei
change attitude
nlmls change attitude. rt.: ilm different. nlmls S/he/it changed attitude. n nlmls, nlmls es nlmlsi S/he/it is changing attitude. nes nlmlsi, es nlmlsi qs nlmlsi S/he/it is going to chang attitude. iqs nlmlsi, qs nlmlsi nlmels They changed attitude. qe nlmls, p nlmls es nlmelsi They are changing attitude. qe es nlmlsi, pes nlmlsi qs nlmelsi They are going to chang attitude. qeqs nlmlsi, pqs nlmlsi lit chapped. es liti Its chapped.
nlisncu saying meaning; to change ones mind.
chapped
lis chapped face. lis S/he had a chapped face. n lis, lis es lisi S/he is getting a chapped face. nes lisi, es lisi qs lisi S/he is going to get a chapped face. iqs lisi, qs lisi es lis S/he has a chapped face. nes lis, es lis lulist chapped hands. lulist S/he had chapped hands. n lulist, lulist es lulisti S/he is getting chapped hands. nes lulisti, es lulisti qs lulisti S/he is going to get chapped hands. iqs lulisti, qs lulisti es lulist S/he has chapped hands. nes lulist, es lulist lulin chapped feet. lulin S/he had chapped feet. n lulin, lulin es lulini S/he is getting chapped feet. nes lulini, es lulini qs lulini S/he is going to get chapped feet. iqs lulini, qs lulini es lulin S/he has chapped feet. nes lulin, es lulin amposqn Chapped/dry lips. rt.: am dry; suffix: posqn lips.
charcoal charge
at charcoal, coal, hot ashes.
lmin ash. ict charge in; attack. 81
ict S/he/it charged in. n ict, ict es icti S/he/it is charging in. nes icti, es icti qs icti S/he/it is going to charge in. iqs icti, qs icti ictmis S/he charged s.t./s.o. ictmn, ictmnt es ictms S/he is charging s.t./s.o. ies ictm, as ictm qs ictms S/he is going to charge s.t./s.o. iqs ictm, aqs ictm icutmis They charged s.t./s.o. qe ictmn, ictmntp es icutms They are charging s.t./s.o. qe es ictm, es ictmp qs icutms They are going to charge s.t./s.o. qeqs ictm, qs ictmp pmis S/he charged s.t./s.o. pmin, pmint pmintm S/he was charged. ict Attack. (comm.) ictwi All of you attack. (comm.) ictmnt Charge s.t./s.o. (comm.) es upmnwei They are charging each other. uli make credit. tntes S/he put s.o. in charge; appoint. tnten, tnte tntes They put s.o. in charge; appoint. qe tntem, tntep
Charlie, Charles ali Charlie; Charles. Charlo sallu Charlo. Charlos Heights nalips Charlos Heights.
mc south of Charlos Heights in the Bitterroot.
chase
tqm Unstr. rt., chase. tqem S/he/it chased (s.t.). n tqem, tqem es tqmi S/he/it is chasing (s.t.). nes tqmi, es tqmi qs tqmi S/he/it is going chase (s.t.). iqs tqmi, qs tqmi tqem They chased (s.t.). n tqem, tqem es tqmi They are chasing (s.t.). qe es tqmi, pes tqmi qs tqmi They are going chase (s.t.). qeqs tqmi, pqs tqmi tqntes S/he/it chased it. tqnten, tqnte es tqems S/he/it is chasing it. ies tqem, as tqem qs tqems S/he/it is chasing it. iqs tqem, aqs tqem tqntes They chased it. qe tqntem, tqntep es tqems They are chasing it. qe es tqem, es tqemp qs tqems They are going to chase. qeqs tqem, qs tqemp es tqtqmi S/he/it is chasing this and that. nes tqtqmi, es tqtqmi tqtqemn someone who always likes to chase. (i.e., a dog that chases cars all the time.)
emn one who always likes to do.
tqent You chase it. (comm.) tqlwis S/he/it chased (s.t.) around. n tqlwis, tqlwis es tqlwisi S/he/it is chasing (s.t.) around. nes tqlwisi, es tqlwisi es tqnnwi Theyre chasing each other. qe es tqnnwi, pes tqnnwi
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone suffix: P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nes tqe uli I am chasing a deer. ies tqem uli I am chasing a deer. iqs tqem Im going to chase you. 82
tqmsqe, tqmsq chase after domestic animals; mainly horses. tqmsqe S/he chased after. n tqmsqe, tqmsqe es tqmsqei S/he is chasing after. nes tqmsqei, es tqmsqei qs tqmsqei S/he is going to chase after. iqs tqmsqei, qs tqmsqei tqmsqae They chased after. qe tqmsqe, p tqmsqe es tqmsqaei They are chasing after. qe es tqmsqei, pes tqmsqei qs tqmsqaei Theyre going to chase after. qeqs tqmsqei, pqs tqmsqei stqmsqe somebody who chases away horses. prefix: s one who does. qi Str. rt., chase/whip away animals. qiis S/he/it chased it away. qin, qint es qiums S/he/is is chasing it away. ies qium, as qium qs qiums S/he is going to chase it away. iqs qium, aqs qium qiis They chased it away. qe qintm, qintp es qium They are chasing it away. qe es qium, es qiump qs qium They are going to chase it away. qeqs qium, qs qiump qimn Whip. qii Chase (s.t.) away. (comm.) qint Chase it away. (comm.) t tisi u o qits isnasq Big Blanket chased my horses away. qisqe, qisq chase/whip away horses; drive horses and stock. qisqe S/he chased. n qisqe, qisqe es qisqei S/he is chasing. nes qisqei, es qisqei qs qisqei S/he is going to chase. iqs qisqei, qs qisqei qisqae They chased. qe qisqe, p qisqe es qisqaei They are chasing. qe es qisqei, pes qisqei qs qisqaei They are going to chase. qeqs qisqei, pqs qisqei qisqetn driving horse. meminm chase/drive away someone; kick someone out. es meminms S/he is chasing away s.o. ies meminm, as meminm es memtumi S/he is chasing away people. nes memtumi, es memtumi imi herd animals. See: herd.
cheap cheat
nil, ni cheap; short person/tree.
il cheat. ilm S/he cheated. n ilm, ilm es ili S/he/it is cheating. nes ili, es ili qs ili S/he/it is going to cheat. iqs ili, qs ili iilm They cheated. qe ilm, p ilm es iili They are cheating. qe es ili, pes ili qs iili They are going to cheat. qeqs ili, pqs ili ilis S/he cheated him/her. iln, ilnt es ilms S/he is cheating him/her/it. ies ilm, as ilm qs ilms S/he is going to cheat him/her/it. iqs ilm, aqs ilm iilis They cheated him/her. qe ilntm, ilntp es iilms They are cheating him/her/it. qe es ilm, es ilmp qs iilms They are going to cheat him/her/it. qeqs ilm, qs ilmp mu Cheater, con man.
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o ilis S/he cheated me. swe u es ilms t mali Who did Mary cheat? llmu u mali Mary is a cheater.
check cheek cheese chest chew
naes look at/check out something. s middle, center. See: inspect. smus cheek. eyn cheese. smac chest.
em chew; bite repeatedly. em S/he/it chewed. n em, em es emi S/he/it is chewing. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to chew. iqs emi, aqs emi eem They chewed. qe em, p em es eemi They are chewing. qe es emi, es emi qs eemi They are going to chew. qeqs emi, qs emi eentes S/he/it chewed on s.t. eenten, eente es ems S/he/it is chewing on s.t. ies em, as em qs ems S/he/it is going to chew on s.t. iqs em, aqs em eentes They chewed on s.t. qe eentn, eentp es eems They are chewing on s.t. qe es em, es emp qs eems They are going to chew on s.t. qeqs em, qs emp nes eecnili I am chewing.
im chew away at something. im S/he/it chewed away. n im, im es mi S/he/it is chewing away. nes mi, es mi qs ims S/he/it is going to chew away. iqs mi, qs mi im They chewed away. qe im, p im es mi They are chewing away. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to chew away. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he/it chewed away at s.t. nten, nte es ims S/he/it is chewing away at s.t. ies im, as im qs ims S/he/it is going to chew away at s.t. iqs im, aqs im ntes They chewed away at s.t. ntem, ntep es ims They are chewing away at s.t. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to chew away at s.t. qeqs im, qs imp o tm t ene The mouse chewed something of mine. us chew on something that is round. usm S/he/it chewed (a round object). n usm, usm es usi S/he/it is chewing (a round object). nes usi, es usi qs usi S/he/it is going to chew (a round object). iqs usi, qs usi usm They chewed (a round object). qe usm, p usm es usi They are chewing (a round object). qe es usi, pes usi qs usi They are going to chew (a round object). qeqs usi, pqs usi usis S/he/it chewed a round object. usn, usnt es usms S/he/it is chewing a round object. ies usm, as usm qs usms S/he/it is going to chew a round object. iqs usm, aqs usm usm Each one chewed (a round object). 84
epm chew on rope. epis S/he/it chewed a rope. epn, epnt es epms S/he/it is chewing a rope. ies epm, as epm qs epms S/he/it is going to chew a rope. iqs epm, aqs epm epis They chewed a rope. qe epntm, epntp es epms They are chewing a rope. qe es epm, es epmp qs epms They are going to chew a rope. qeqs epm, qs epmp al chew on wood. alis S/he/it chewed wood. aln, alnt aln lali I chewed corn. es ulei It is grazing, (animals). See: graze. es eem It is chewing away at his/her body. (i.e., cancer) im chew something off. ntes S/he/it chewed away at s.t. nten, nte es ims S/he/it is chewing away at s.t. ies im, as im qs ims S/he/it is going to chew away at s.t. iqs im, aqs im int Chewed it off. (comm.)
Cheyenne
qqayus Cheyenne. (lit. painted eyes)
chi
chickadee
pana black-capped chickadee. (makes the sound pana). sqe mountain chickadee. sqi chestnut-backed chickadee.
chicken
siss ruffed grouse; domestic chicken.
n qepm t siss I plucked the feathers off the chicken. ha es mmims t sn asiss Was the coyote killing your chickens? o pultm isiss somebody killed my chickens. solu, so prarie chicken; small prarie chicken. lipul domestic chicken. (approximation to French word) likok domestic rooster. (approximation to French word)
chicken hawk chicken house

of/device.
sqqi chicken hawk. snisstn chicken house. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means s.t. something
chicken pox spact chicken pox, small pox. chief ilmim chief; boss.
imim little chief. ilmctn one who acts as chief. es ililmcti S/he is acting bossy. nes ililmcti, es ililmcti qe q ililmcutn They will be our dictators. u inililmim u iniot u ppt My elders are my leaders; they are wise.
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itmasqe leader; first to volunteer; first to be there. rt.: it first; suffix: sqe, sqeli
people. See: leader.
Chief Cliff snpantis Chief Cliff. Chief Mountain sillsut Chief Mountain; lit. chief of the Rocky Mountains. child silt young, child.
u puti i simlt elmn niosmi When I was younger I was afraid of dogs. otlt baby. iimet only child. stewtlt youngest, last born child. es middle child(ren). itmilt first born child.
children
sccelt children.
silt young, child. ssilt offspring.
chilled chilly
su cold, chilled.
su cold, chilled. i su S/he/it is cold/chilly. i n su, i su i ssu It is a little chilly. sut S/he/it was cold/chilly. n sut, sut es suti S/he/it is cold/chilly. nes suti, es suti qs suti S/he/it is going to be cold/chilly. iqs suti, qs suti su o Its chilly outside. ha es suti Are you cold.
chimney pe pipe; chimney. See: pipe. chin iepe chin. Chinese usi Chinese. chinook es chqi chinook is blowing (warm dry wind).
ei es chqi olsqe It seems like it is chinooking outside.
chipmunk choice
ye, chipmunk. esmil u ppyet u Chipmunks were standing all over. u isum Chipmunk is my medicine power. s.t. something scn choice; something that is taken. See: try. prefix: sc s.t thats been
done/made/prepared.
aq scn Its going to be your choice. t aq scn Its going to be your choice. scnte idea. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. aq scnte Its going to be your idea/choice.
choke
a choke on something. a S/he/it choked. n a, a ie a You might choke. 86
icnm choke somebody. rt.: i pinch; prefix: under; suffix: cin, cn action of the
mouth.
icis S/he choke s.o. icn, icnt es icnms S/he is choking s.o. ies icnm, as icnm qs icnms S/he is going to choke s.o. iqs icnm, aqs icnm ecit, eci choke from something around the neck. ecint You choke s.o.
chokecherry
chokecherry. oal, oa chokecherry tree. nno patch of chokecherry trees. spni September (the month of the chokecherry).
choose chop
nm choose, pick, select, or try. See: try.
lim chop. lim S/he/it chopped (s.t.). n lim, lim es lmi S/he/it is chopping (s.t.). nes lmi, es lmi qs lmi S/he/it is going to chop (s.t.). iqs lmi, qs lmi lim They chopped (s.t.). qe lim, p lim es lmi They are chopping (s.t.). qe es lmi, pes lmi qs lmi They are going to chop (s.t.). qeqs lmi, pqs lmi lntes S/he chopped it. lnten, lnte lntes They chopped it. qe lntem, lntep lmin axe.
lep chop down; chop off. lepm S/he chopped (s.t. off/down). n lepm, lepm lepis S/he chopped it down. lepn, lepnt lepis They chopped it down. qe lepntm, lepntp llepis S/he chopped things down. es llepi S/he is chopping off (branches). nes llepi, es llepi e sace m n is lepm t manip incit Sunday I will go and chop down balsam for my house. pi shave/cut. (i.e., shaving wood.) See: shave.
Christ yesuli Jesus Christ. Christine klistin Christine Christmas nwl noel; Christmas.
nwl sla Christmas day. yesmse midnight. scaacep tree decorations. lit. things hung up on a tree. yalep wreath. scuuep garland. lit. boughs tied together.
church cider
snwmn place to pray; church. aplsat cider, apple juice. 87
cigarette
si cigarette. rt.: ul fold.
iem roll a cigarette. iem S/he rolled a cigarette. n iem, iem es iei S/he is rolling a cigarette. nes iei, es iei smen something that is smoked. nptmn ismen u inpmn I forgot my cigarettes and matches.
cinch circle
n, chinch.
syl circle. i yl Its round. yalpsqn, yalp rounded lips. See: lips.
yl bend/make into a circle. ylmnct It formed a circle of itself; i.e. a snake. ylmnct Make a circle of yourself. (comm.) ylmctist S/he made a circle. n ylmctist, ylmctist es ylmctisti S/he is making a circle. nes ylmctisti, es ylmctisti qs ylmctisti S/he is going to make a circle. iqs ylmctisti, qs ylmctisti ylntes S/he/it circled it. ylnten, ylnte es ylums S/he/it is circling it. ies ylum, as ylum qs ylums S/he/it is circling it. iqs ylum, aqs ylum ylntes They circled it. qe ylntem, ylntep es ylums They are circling it. qe es ylum, es ylump qs ylums They are going to circle it. qeqs ylum, qs ylump ylmct Circle (s.t.). (comm.) ylunt Circle it. (comm.) nylunt Put inside the circle. (comm.) iyl wrap/circle something with something. es iylums S/he/it is circling it with s.t. ies iylum, as iylum iylunt Circle it with s.t.; i.e. a rope. iyli Its wraped/circled. suffix: i covered in. iylint Wrap/circle it. (comm.) t swe u ylntes Who circled it? t swe u iylntes Who circled it with something? li go around something. See: around.
cla
clam sne clams, oysters. clap hands nst clap hands.
nstm S/he clapped. n nstm, nstm es nsti S/he is clapping. nes nsti, es nsti qs nsti S/he is going to clap. iqs nsti, qs nsti nestni Clap. (comm.) o nnsnt Clap with me. nestni ei t oye Clap like me.
Clara
kloli Clara, Clarice, Gloria. (approximation to English) 88
Clarice kloli Clara, Clarice, Gloria. (approximation to English) Clark Fork River nmesult, nmesul Clark Fork River; also thought to be the origin of
the name Missoula.
nsastt Clark Fork River.
Clarks nutcracker snl nutcracker; Clarks nutcracker. claw qi claw, toenail, fingernail. clay sit white clay.
u e ttim t sit u t ssi Thats where they used to get white clay long ago. tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick.
clean
clean, clear out, make tidy. es pmi S/he is cleaning. nes pmi, es pmi nts S/he/it cleaned it. ntn, nt es ms S/he/it is cleaning it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to clean it. iqs m, aqs m ntes They cleaned it. qe ntem, ntep es ums They are cleaning it. qe es m, es mp qs ums They are going to clean it. qeqs m, qs mp pnuis S/he/it finally got it clean. pnun, pnunt unt Clean it. (comm.) unti All of you clean it. (comm.) unt Clean each one/place. (comm.) unti All of you clean each one/place. (comm.) i Its clean. s Her/his face is clean. n s, s neysm S/he brushed his/her teeth. n neysm, es neysm es neysi S/he is brushing his/her teeth. nes neysi, es neysi neysi Brush your teeth. (comm.) neysi e wis in Brush your teeth after meals. es pmi Scraping, peeling down. ies um inpus Im cleaning my cat. unt m nnt as Clean and wash your black tree moss. lsnt ascawl em i u Throw it over your peeled pole so Its clean. i l The wood/pole/log is clean.
s gut (clean fish). sts S/he gutted s.t. stn, st e n m e st If you get one, Youll gut it. es smi S/he is cleaning the floor.
clear
l clear. nal clear water. i l Its light. sl day(light). pule, pu dawn. e es lpulei Its already getting light. e puti isl m p e ciuy You all come back when Its still light.
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naqsnt clear the road. (comm.) i o Its hazy/dusty/smokey, not clear. i o smot It is smokey. es omncu It is a dust storm or blizzard. i wnwi Its plainly visible; evident; apparent; very clear; its obvious. See: plain.
Clear Water
enp Clear Water. swip Clear Water. swsu Clear Water.
clematis, virgins bower iliyal, iliya honeysuckle, clematis. clever sisyus smart, clever, good at something. See: smart.
it u sisyus eil There are lots of smart, powerful medicine men. ppt smart, wisdom. tam u smart, extremely good, intelligent, clever. See: good.
cliff
nnnen rock cliff; rock bank. npapan, npapa dirt river bank; dirt cliff. See: bank.
cliff swallow s, cliff swallow. climb iwl climb. (also used to indicate going upstairs)
iwl S/he/it climbed. n iwl, iwl es iwli S/he/it is climbing. nes iwli, es iwli qs iwli S/he/it is going to climb. iqs iwli, qs iwli iwl They climbed. qe iwl, p iwl es iwli They are climbing. qe es iwli, pes iwli qs iwli They are going to climb. qeqs iwli, pqs iwli es uiwli S/he/it is climbing around. nes uiwli, es uiwli nulpm S/he/it climbed up to a nest. n nulpm, nulpm es nulpi S/he/it climbed up to a nest. nes nulpi, es nulpi sniwltn Ladder, stairs. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snuiwltn Jungle gym. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. ta qes iwl Dont climb.
clock close
spni month, moon, sun, clock.
s near, close. sam Close to. sm Getting close. n sam I got close. es sami S/he is getting close. nes sami, es sami es sami They are getting close. qe es sami, pes sami es smnwe People getting close (physical and mental). ssme get close to someone physically; has sexual connotation. es ssme S/he is getting close to s.o. nes ssme, es ssme samis S/he/it got close to him/her/it. samn, samnt samis They got close to him/her/it. qe samntm, samntp samstmn I got close to you.
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es mistn u esl nmqe es smi ancit I know two bears have been around your house. n wim t nmqe issm i e u qe tamnqnwe I saw a bear so close we almost bumped heads. it in motion to get close/near someone or something.
See: near.
omma get close to doing something. es omma S/he is getting close to doing something. nes omma, es omma ta ies omma Im not even close. em close in friendship or relation. emnctist S/he got close to (s.o.). n emnctist, emnctist es emnctisti S/he getting close to (s.o.). nes emnctisti, es emnctisti qs emnctisti S/he going to get close to (s.o.). iqs emnctisti, qs emnctisti em astemils Close to your relatives. hemncut get ones self close/next to something. hemncut S/he got his/her self next to it. n hemncut, hemncut es hemncuti S/he is getting his/her self next to it. nes hemncuti, es hemncuti qs hemncuti S/he is going to get his/her self next to it. iqs hemncuti, qs hemncuti hemncut Get yourself next to it. aaqmscut get close/against someone. np close a hinged door. rt.: in cover; circumfix np opening. es np It is closed. npis S/he closed the door. npn, npnt es npms S/he closing the door. ies npm, as npm qs npms S/he is going to close the door. iqs npm, aqs npm npnt ci nmep Close the door. lqn lid, cover. rt.: e cover. es lqn Its closed; it has a lid. lqis S/he closed it. lqn, lqnt es lqnms S/he is closing it. ies lqnm, as lqnm qs lqnms S/he is going to close it. iqs lqnm, aqs lqnm alqis They closed it. qe lqntm, lqntp es alqnms They are closing it. qe es lqnm, es lqnmp qs alqnms They are going to close it. qeqs lqnm, qs lqnmp lqni Close; put the lid on. (comm.) lqnt Close it; put the lid on it. (comm.) lqnt anlepute Close your bottle. (comm.) s close a book. rt.: in cover; suffix: s middle, center. es s It is closed. sis S/he closed the door. sn, snt es sms S/he closing the door. ies sm, as sm qs sms S/he is going to close the door. iqs sm, aqs sm snt Close it. (comm.) snt annie Close your book. 91
tu closed in. i tu Its plugged up. ntupee The inside is plugged up/closed in.
cloth clothes
qei cloth. See: pattern.
cnumtn clothes. sncnumtn dresser. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. cnumt Put your clothes on. (comm.) cnumt wear clothes; put clothes on. See: wear.
alqs suffix indicating clothing; this is in reference to all clothing but generally refers to shirts and
coats.
salqs good/beautiful clothing. prefix: s good; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. salqs bad/ugly clothing. prefix: s bad; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. suyaplqs white people clothing. rt.: suypi white people; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. solqs sweater. rt.: su stretch; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. stretchy clothes. aylqs black gown, priest. rt.: ay black; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. black clothes mamalqs mothers clothes.
clothes dryer clothes line clothes pin
snmn cnutn dryer for clothes. estn clothes line. estn clothes pin.
pmin clothes pin.
clothes store sntumi cnumtn place to buy clothes; clothes store. cloud stip clouds. cloudy i tost, i to It is cloudy. rt.: tu placed; suffix: ast sky, day.
i tast Its clouded over; the whole sky is clouded. suffix: ast sky, day. tp clouded over. es tp Its clouded over. i pst Its a clear sky (no clouds). suffix: ast sky, day. es sti It is bad weather. suffix: ast sky, day.
club
snlt use anything as a club. club used by people long ago. scmal one clump of clay or dirt. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. scmlml clumps of clay or dirt. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. pnemn clumsy, someone who always trips. suffix: emn one who always
to do.
clump
clumsy
co
coal
aot charcoal, coal, hot ashes. lmin Ash. aanct, aanc coast, slide. See: slide.
s.t. something (s.t.) something likes implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
coast
92
coat
qtlqs coat. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. qtlqsi Put your coat on. (comm.)
nupanm put the arm inside. rt.: um Stab, sting. See: inside. lkepu coat. (approximation to French word) lkepusi Put your coat on. (comm.) spumlqs fur coat. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. supts hairy coat. stqyalqs, stqya long coat. (i.e., a parka)
Coca-cola
ni pop, Kool-aid, sweet liquid. weti t ni Go get a pop.
cocklebur upupt cocklebur. Coeur dAlne sicwi Coeur dAlne people. lit. stay on the point of land where two rivers
meet.
coffee
kapi coffee. (approximation to French word) kapists His/her coffee.
cqaus, cqau cook coffee. rt.: caq set down; suffix: us face, fire. cqau S/he cooked coffee. n cqau, cqau n cqau t kapi I cooked coffee.
coffee pot
of/device.
scqaustn, scqau coffee pot. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
coin
smatye coin. ululim money. ate quarter. nu sns penny. cil sns nickel. upn sns dime. snululimtn bank (for money), coin purse. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
coin purse coil
yalim, yal coil up; to wrap. yalim S/he wrapped. n yalim, yalim es yalmi S/he is wrapping. nes yalmi, es yalmi qs yalmi S/he is going to wrap. iqs yalmi, qs yalmi yalim They wrapped. qe yalim, p yalim es yalmi They are wrapping. qe es yalmi, pes yalmi qs yalmi They are going to wrap. qeqs yalmi, pqs yalmi yalntes S/he wrapped s.t. yalnten, yalnte es yalims S/he is wrapping s.t. ies yalim, as yalim qs yalmi S/he is going to wrap s.t. iqs yalim, aqs yalim yalntes They wrapped s.t. qe yalntem, yalntep es yalims They are wrapping s.t. qe es yalim, es yalimp qs yalims They are going to wrap s.t. qeqs yalim, qs yalimp yalil Its got coiled up; wrapped up; tangled. yalint Coil it up. (comm.)
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es yamnscti Its coiling. (i.e. a caterpillar coiling itself in a cocoon.) yalnsct something you wrap around.
cold
lt It is very cold. alt olsqe Its cold outside.
sut cold, chilled. es suti S/he/it is cold. nes suti, es suti es suti They are cold. qe es suti, pes suti i su Its chilly. i ssu It is a little chilly. i su o Its chilly outside. ha es suti Are you cold? tam qe es suti We are not cold. ha es suti Are they cold? pes suti You folks are cold. es umusi It is very cold (everything is freezing up). es imusi It is very cold (time to put yucmn(red ochre) on the face). su froze. es suti S/he/it is freezing. nes suti, es suti es suti They are freezing. qe es suti, pes suti es slsulsti Her/his hands are freezing/cold. nes slsulsti, es slsulst es slsulni Her/his feet are freezing/cold. nes slsulni, es slsulni yo ie sut ye ll This calf might freeze. s frost, cold. sqn spni February (month of the cold). See: February. i It is cool.
collapse
mca collapsed. es mcqmi Its collapsing. mcoq Falls apart, collapse. nmcoq It fell in on itself. nmcqus The fire fell in on itself.
collar collect
spsqetn, spsq horse collar.
qmin Lay, put. qmnl Things sent away. qmnalntm They loaded it all. sqmnlsct goods. (pl.)
amim gather/collect together. See: gather. scyamin Things that have been collected together.
college snaimi college, school. collide temistmnw, temistmnw bump into each other; collide. color sii colors, designs. colt qi colt. Columbia Falls nym Columbia Falls.
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Columbia large-scaled sucker

sucker.
lne longnosed sucker, Columbia large-scaled
Columbian hawthorn sto Columbia hawthorn. Columbian ground squirrel sis gopher; ground
squirrel.
squirrel; Columbia ground
Colville people
sylpet, sye Colville.
unaqin, unaqi Okanagan. rt.: wi see; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. sna Southern Okanagan. sipi San Poil. smlqmi Methow. saptnia Nez Perce.
comb
sumin comb. sumin little comb. uqinm comb hair. uqinm S/he combed hair. n uqinm, uqinm es uqini S/he is combing hair. nes uqini, es uqini qs uqini S/he is going to comb hair. iqs uqini, qs uqini uqinm They combed hair. qe uqinm, p uqinm es uqini They are combing hair. qe es uqini, pes uqini qs uqini They are going to comb hair. qeqs uqini, pqs uqini unts S/he combed s.o.s hair. untn, unt untes They combed s.o.s hair. qe untm, untp uqini Comb your hair. uuletn hand rake. untn inmqn I combed my hair.
come
cuy go in the direction of the speaker; come. rt.: uy go; prefix: c indicating
toward the speaker.
cuy S/he/it came here. n cuy, cuy es cuyi S/he/it is coming here. nes cuyi, es cuyi qs cuyi S/he/it is going to come here. iqs cuyi, qs cuyi cuy They came. qe cuy, cuy es cuyi They are coming. qe es cuyi, pes cuyi qs cuyi They are going to come. qeqs cuyi, pqs cuyi es ciuyi Each one is coming. qe es ciuyi, pes ciuyi cuy Come here. (comm.) uywi All of you come here. (comm.) uy go. See: go. e cuy e sili S/he/it came back to Dixon. ta tam oy u es nsucnmi cuyms, tam oy No, Its not me hes come proposing to hes come for her,
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively u es i.e., That is, not me. See: - Redirection to a related word.
cnpil Come in here. (pl.) (comm.) e ep sqli u cnpil u u sli There were already people here when the Salish came in. cocq come out. (sl.)
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cocq S/he/it came out. n cocq, cocq es cocqi S/he/it is coming out. nes cocqi, es cocqi qs cocqi S/he/it is going to come out. iqs cocqi, qs cocqi cocq Come out. cocqm bring something out here. See: bring. ocq go out. (sl.) See: go out. ha em qs cocqi Are you going to come out? ha e qs cocqi Are you ready to come outside? cocq u mali Mary came out. tas cocq u mali stasts Marys cow didnt come out. coccqe For more than one to come out. (pl.) coccqe They came out. qe coccq, p coccq es coccqei They are coming out. qe es coccqi, pes coccqi qs coccqei They are going to come out. qeqs coccqi, pqs coccqi coccqwi All of you come out. occqe For more than one to go out. (pl.) See: go out. ci te coccqi The ones that came out. cui come over here to do something. e cui Came back here to do something. e Come out of the water.
come down
ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. ipmnct S/he/it came down. n ipmnct, ipmnct es ipmncti S/he/it is coming down. nes ipmncti, es ipmncti qs ipmncti S/he/it is going to come down. iqs ipmncti, qs ipmncti ipmncut They came down. qe ipmnct, p ipmnct es ipmncuti They are coming down. qe es ipmncti, pes ipmncti qs ipmncuti They are going to come down. qeqs ipmncti, pqs ipmncti ipmnct Come down. (comm.) cipmnct Come down to me. (comm.) prefix: c indicating toward the speaker. n cipmncu t esit I came down from the tree. ipmnct ci t iuyn Get out of that car (one person).
toqnmct Two or more people come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.) oqnmcut They came down. qe oqnmct, p oqnmct es oqnmcuuti They are coming down. qe es oqnmcti, pes oqnmcti qs oqnmcuti They are going to come down. qeqs oqnmcti, pqs oqnmcti toqmnctwi All of you get down. (comm.) toqnctwi ci t iuyn All of you get out of that car. (When there is more than one in car.) sipm take something down from up high. See: take.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, pes See: - Redirection to a related word.
comfortable
um get comfortable with someone or something. umis S/he got comfortable to s.t./s.o. umin, umint
umnwe They got comfortable with each other. qe umnwe, p umnwe es umnwei They are getting comfortable with each other. qe es umnwei, umnwei es umnwei They are going to get comfortable with each other. qeqs umnwei, pqs umnwei
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comforter snomi comforter; quilt (stuffed blanket; thick blanket). commodities scpmi rations, per capita, commodities, pay day. See: distribute. common juniper punp juniper,
iqnp prickly juniper. rt.: iq Prickly; suffix: ep, p tree; floor.
common flicker compact disc

means of/device.
ll flicker, red-shafted flicker, northern flicker. syal lomintn round recording device; compact disc (cd). suffix: ...tn
compare complete
tmes compare.
mil complete, whole, all over, all around. es mil Its complete, entire. mlmule all over the place, all over the land. mlmst, mlm all day long. suffix: ast sky, day. mlsec all night. mil whole thing; entire. mlsqeli all Indian. es mlmule everywhere. usne u mlm iqs lci the Longhouse, Im going to be there all day. es mil u ppyet u Chipmunks were standing all over. mlm nes cuca yet I was swimming all day today. mlm u n ssq sqli All day long I was hitting people. i t mil u nes emi Im looking all around.
es wi something complete. nunm transitive suffix indicating something was completed; indicating there was a progression up to the point of completion. pnunm defeat someone. See: defeat. nunm finally finish making; accomplish something. See: accomplish.
Complex computer
iilqsa sqliilmi Tribal headquarters in Pablo.
snsnctn computer. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. scsqin computer. lit. made brain. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. ha e u temmn asnsnctn Can I use your computer? lont asnsnctn Turn on our computer.
con man
does.
mu, mu cheater, con man. suffix: mu the individual who always

conceited
nscut conceited; self-important; ill mannered. nscut S/he was being conceited. n nscut, nscut es nscuti S/he is being conceited. nes nscuti, es nscuti qs nscuti S/he is going to be conceited. iqs nscuti, qs nscuti
et, e stuck-up; rude; act better. See: stuck-up. emsct show off; snobby; arrogant; stuck-up. See: show-off. amsct, amsc conceited; always looking at ones self. See: show-off.
condiments
tcin add something to food. (i.e., mustard, ketchup, etc.) 97
condom
pustn condom. rt.: p slip over. pusis S/he put the condom on. pusn, pusnt pusnt Put the condom on. (comm.)
cone si pine cone; tree cone. confermation he expression seeking confermation/afermation; similar to huh in
English. se he It tastes good, doesnt it? es aypmi he S/he is going fast, right? qe es susti he Im drinking right?
confess
nmipmist tell on ones self; confess. rt.: nmipa tattle; suffix: ist action to the self nmipmist S/he confessed. n nmipmist, nmipmist es nmipmisti S/he is confessing. nes nmipmisti, es nmipmisti qs nmipmisti S/he is going to confess. iqs nmipmisti, qs nmipmisti nmipmist They confessed. qe nmipmist, p nmipmist es nmipmisti They are confessing. qe es nmipmisti, pes nmipmisti qs nmipmisti They are going to confess. qeqs nmipmisti, pqs nmipmisti es nmimipmisti S/he is repeatedly confessing. nes nmimipmisti, es nmimipmisti es nmimipnwei They are telling on each other. nmimipnwei qe es nmimipnwei, pes
confuse
slim confused; unable to figure something out. sli S/he/it got confused. n sli, sli es sli S/he/it is confused. nes sli, es sli qs sli S/he/it is going to be confused. iqs sli, qs sli sli They got confused. qe sli, p sli es sli They are confused. qe es sli, pes sli qs sli They are going to be confused. qeqs sli, pqs sli slmis S/he is confused about s.t. slmin, slmint es slminms S/he is confused about s.t. ies slminm, as slminm qs slminms S/he is going to be confused about s.t. iqs slminm, aqs slminm slmis They are confused about s.t. qe slmintm, slmintp es slminms They are confused about s.t. qe es slminm, es slminmp qs slminms They are going to be confused about s.t. qeqs slminm, qs slminmp slip S/he/it got puzzled. n slip, slip slppnuis S/he/it finally got confused by s.t./s.o. slppnun, slppnunt sllusis S/he couldnt figure out s.o.s face. sllusn, sllusnt sllpcin confused about what to say. See: tongue tied. sllpcan S/he made a mistake; mixed up words. n sllpcan, sllpcan
connect connector
nlolosesnt Connect it together (to fit it inside the other). (comm.)
npses connect something end to end. nacselistn connectors; putting things together.
scnloloses connectors; things that fit inside each other. scnpses connectors; thing that fit together end to end.
Conner
ep mswi Conner, Montana. 98
consent constipated constricted
e there, agree, consent.
ta et u e o ilsmntm No, shes already accepted me. nopups constipated.
pn bloated. suffix: ...en within. i im Its constricted.
nmp constricted opening. circumfix: nep opening. spn cowboy boots. See: boot.
consume contact lens content control
sspmi Its disappearing. slolos contact lenses.
es lolos S/he is wearing contact lenses. nes lolos, es lolos nqimls calm; content; relaxed. See: calm.
qmqemt S/he is at peace/content. See: calm. qe es imels controlling, getting the best of us.
iple control. suffix: ple permanence.
coo
cook
snct, sncu cook; prepare food. snct S/he cooked. n snct, snct es sncti S/he is cooking. nes sncti, es sncti qs sncti S/he is going to cook. iqs sncti, qs sncti sncut They cooked. qe snct, p snct es sncuti They are cooking. qe es sncti, pes sncti qs sncuti They are going to cook. qeqs sncti, pqs sncti ssnctn, ssncu cook; someone that prepares food. prefix: s one who does. snct Cook. (comm.) snctwi All of you cook. (comm.) em n npulem I will make bread. e qs sncu m npusnt When youre going to cook boil it. npus, npu boil something. npusm S/he boiled (s.t.). n npusm, npusm es npusi S/he is boiling (s.t.). nes npusi, es npusi qs npusi S/he is going to boil (s.t.). iqs npusi, qs npusi npusm They boiled (s.t.). qe npusm, p npusm es npusi They are boiling (s.t.). qe es npusi, pes npusi qs npusi They are going to boil (s.t.). qeqs npusi, pqs npusi npusis S/he boiled s.t. npusn, npusnt es npusms S/he is boiling s.t. ies npusm, as npusm qs npusms S/he is going to boil s.t. iqs npusm, aqs npusm npusis They boiled s.t. qe npusntm, npusntp es npusms They are boiling s.t. qe es npusm, es npusmp qs npusms They are going to boil s.t. qeqs npusm, qs npusmp
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nes npusi t sqet Im boiling meat. t oye u npusn u pataq I boiled the potatoes. epm bake underground. epm S/he baked (s.t.) underground. n epm, epm es epi S/he is baking (s.t.) underground. nes epi, es epi qs epi S/he is going to bake (s.t.) underground. iqs epi, qs epi epm They baked (s.t.) underground. qe epm, p epm es epi They are baking (s.t.) underground. qe es epi, pes epi qs epi They are going to bake (s.t.) underground. qeqs epi, pqs epi m nciqm t aqs ptn Youll dig your baking pit. t qeqs pi Then were going to bake (it). es le cooking from the side of a fire. , fry. See: fry. iqs nalei Im going to make donuts. See: donut. iqs ui t scnqa Im going to make pancakes. See: pancake. es nelei cooking bannock bread. See: bannock bread. em n nelem I will make bannock bread.
cookies
sncpcuple cookies. rt.: cpcup little crumbs; suffix: ule land.
scnile cookies; little cakes. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
cooking pan cooking stove cool a cool.
snmn frying pan.
snpustn cooking pan, boiling pot. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snsnct place to cook; kitchen, range, cooking stove.
ap It got cool. es apmi It is cooling off. es apulei cool breeze is blowing along the ground. i a o It is cool outside.
coot cop car copier
slqn American coot, mudhen.
American coot, coot. sncqcqa patrol car, cop car. prefix: s one who does. sniimintn copier, printer. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
snustn copier, printer. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snius copies. iutn Go copy. (comm.)
corral correct
snosqetn, snosq corral, horse pen. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
om correct, preach to. es oms S/he is correcting s.o. ies om, as om qs oms S/he is going to correct s.o. iqs om, aqs om es oms They are correcting s.o. qe es om, es omp qs oms They are going to correct s.o. qeqs om, qs omp
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qes oms S/he will be correcting s.o. iqes om, aqes om qes oms They will be correcting s.o. qeqes om es tu S/he is correcting/preaching to. nes tu, es tu es tu They are correcting/preaching to. qe es tu, pes tu enim reprimand, straighten out. entes S/he reprimanded s.o. enten, ente es enims S/he is reprimanding s.o. ies enim, as enim qs enims S/he is going to reprimand s.o. iqs enim, aqs enim entes They reprimanded s.o. qe entem, entep es enims They are reprimanding s.o. qe es enim, es enimp qs enims They are going to reprimand s.o. qeqs enim, qs enimp sentu somebody who reprimands. prefix: s one who does. enet reprimand children. ies enim Im reprimanding you. ta es enet S/he doesnt reprimand children. e ta es enet m eyt If you dont reprimand children you will be in trouble; you will pay later. o entem I was reprimanded. em show or explain. See: show. eis S/he/it showed/explained s.t. en, ent et Show, tell, explain! (comm.)
corn corner
lai corn. lit. little yellows.
se corner. sae corners. emstem corner something.
Corvallis cmmqi Corvallis. cost snys cost.

ntnaqs expensive, costs a large amount.
costive pn bloat, constipated, costive. suffix: ...en within. cottage cheese scnml cottage cheese. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. cottontail wisln, wisln cottontail.
ususiln small cottontail.
cottonwood tree mul cottonwood. mlmul (pl.) couch snaatn couch. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. cougar stismy mountain lion; cougar. cough oh cough.
oh S/he coughed. n oh, oh es ohi S/he is coughing. nes ohi, es ohi qs ohi S/he is going to cough. iqs ohi, qs ohi oho They coughed. qe oh, p oh es ohoi They are coughing. qe es ohi, pes ohi qs ohoi They are going to cough. qeqs ohi, pqs ohi
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ta qes oh Dont cough. nism cough from choking. nismntm S/he/it was made to cough from choking.
count
siynm count. siynm S/he counted. n siynm, siynm es siyni S/he is counting. nes siyni, es siyni qs siyni S/he is going to count. iqs siyni, qs siyni siyenm They counted. qe siynm, p siynm es siyeni They are counting. qe es siyni, pes siyni qs siyeni They are going to count. qeqs siyni, pqs siyni siyis S/he counted s.t. siyn, siynt es siynms S/he is counting s.t. ies siynm, as siynm qs siynms S/he is going to count s.t. iqs siynm, aqs siynm siyeis They counted s.t. qe siyntm, siyntp es siyenms They are counting s.t. qe es siynm, es siynmp qs siyenms They are going to count s.t. qeqs siynm, qs siynmp syeni Count. (comm.) synt Count s.t. (comm.) siyent henm Count to eight. siyent esy ci snemutn Count all the chairs. ies siyenm inululim Im counting my money.
syenm count people. syeis S/he counted people. syen, syent es syenms S/he is counting people. ies syenm, as syenm qs syenms S/he is going to count people. iqs syenm, aqs syenm syeis They counted people. qe syentm, syentp es syenms They are counting people. qe es syenm, es syenmp qs syenms They are going to count people. qeqs syenm, qs syenmp ha syent Did you count the people? p ies syenm Im counting all of you. ha e pes syen Are all of you counted? sinst, sin count days. See: calendar. syesms midnight, Christmas.
couple
es selm They are two people. See: people. sel two people.
together with a wife. See: marry.
nns, nn marry; have a wife. rt.: non wife; suffix: ...s middle, center. lit. coming nluses marry; to have a husband. rt.: selwi husband; suffix: ...s middle, center. lit. coming s.t. something
together with a husband. See: marry. fellow; member of.
cousin cover
snsi cousin, brother, sister. snssi (pl.) rt.: ssilt offspring; prefix:
stmeis relative. pne cover. pmn rug (a cover).
(s.t.) something implied sn s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nne cover something with something (i.e. leaves, sticks, branches). pqenem cover something with more than one thing. 102
cenem cover something. lannt u asli bury(cover) your camas with dirt. e cover over something. es e It is covered over. li It got covered over. ll It overturned. qn lid, cap, cover of a container. rt.: e covered over; suffix: qin, qn top. ule The area of the sweat. rt.: e covered over; suffix: ule land. aqn Covered head. apqn Covered head. lie Soft cover book. enem cover over something. (i.e., putting a bucket over and object.) eneis S/he covered s.t. enen, enent es enems S/he is covering s.t. ies enem, as enem qs enems S/he is going to cover s.t. iqs enem, aqs enem es i Its covered. es ni asus Your eyes are covered. nesnt Cover it. nie hardcover book; book. qtus front cover. li back cover. cnestn book spine.
cow
sa cow. sa cows(pl.) rt.: mam suck. See: suck. es mamcni (The cow) is eating.
iy s buffalo cow. ususneln long horn cow. rt.: wisn long; suffix: eln horn. snaqe milk cow.
coward cow elk
nlmn coward, scared-cat.
sne, sn cow elk. snel cow elk hide. snami elk teeth.
cow feet sa uciln cow dew claws/feet. cow parsnip te cow parsnip. cowry ay cowry, snail, leech. coyote snp, sn Coyote; coyote.
puliaha Coyotes wife. lit. mole. atnalqs Coyotes only daughter. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. horse flydress or shirt. ale, taa, miyalto Coyotes three sons. npscut, npscu act as Coyote; foolish. rt.: snep coyote; suffix: cut action to the self. npscut S/he acted like Coyote. n npscut, npscut es npscuti S/he is acting like Coyote. nes npscuti, es npscuti
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qs npscuti S/he is going to act like Coyote. iqs npscuti, qs npscuti
Coyote wood
snpl, snp Coyote wood (thorn bush wood used to make arrows).
cr
crab crack
o crab. sep crack in wood or bone. spqin cracked head. sas, sa crackers. rt.: as hard; prefix: little. cimn cracklins. (Selish)
es ti Its cracked (of glass).
crackers cracklins cradle board cramp
oene cracklins. (Pend dOreille) mol baby board, cradle board.
mu baby board, cradle board. qcip cramp or shrink. es qcmim cramp. o es qcim I have a cramp. es qcmestm S/he has a cramp. o es qcnim I have a cramp in my leg. a es ncqeli Maybe s/he has a leg cramp.
nen have a cramp in the leg. nen S/he had a cramped leg. n nen, nen es neni S/he has a cramped leg. nes neni, es neni qs neni S/he is going to have a cramped leg. iqs neni, qs neni nen S/he has a cramp in both legs.
crane crash crave
salin, sali sandhill crane. la sound of a crash, crashing.
neels, nee crave/want food. rt.: in eat. es nee S/he is craving food. nes nee, es nee neelsm S/he/it craved food. n neelsm, neelsm es neelsi S/he/it is craving food. nes neelsi, es neelsi qs neelsi S/he/it is going to crave food. iqs neelsi, qs neelsi neelsm They craved food. qe neelsm, p neelsm es neelsi They are craving food. qe es neelsi, pes neelsi qs neelsi They are going to crave food. qeqs neelsi, pqs neelsi neelsis S/he/it craved the food. neelsn, neelsnt es neelsms S/he/it is craving the food. ies neelsm, as neelsm qs neelsms S/he/it is going to crave the food. iqs neelsm, aqs neelsm neelsis They craved the food. qe neelsntm, neelsntp es neelsms They are craving the food. qe es neelsm, es neelsmp qs neelsms They are going to crave the food. qeqs neelsm, qs neelsmp t ste u es neelsi What food do you crave? nes nee t swew Im craving fish. tam nes neelsi Im not craving food. 104
crawl
tiy crawl. tiy S/he/it crawled. n tiy, tiy es tiyi S/he/it is crawling. nes tiyi, es tiyi qs tiyi S/he/it is going to crawl. iqs tiyi, qs tiyi tiye They crawled. qe tiy, p tiy es tiyei They are crawling. qe es tiyi, pes tiyi qs tiyei They are going to crawl. qeqs tiyi, pqs tiyi tilwis crawling around. tial crawl on log, R.R. track or something long and narrow. tiule bug, a ground crawler. titiule bugs. ntiule crawling under the ground. tam nes tiyei I wasnt crawling. tisi ntiy es nlo Big Blanket crawled into a hole. tiy tisi iuyn Big Blanket crawled under the car.
crazy
crazy or to be drunk. i S/he/it is crazy. i n , i o have crazy actions. o S/he is crazy. n o, o
owl do something crazy. owl S/he/it did s.t. crazy. n owl, owl es owli S/he/it is doing s.t. crazy. nes owli, es owli qs owli S/he/it is going to do s.t. crazy. iqs owli, qs owli oewl They did s.t. crazy. qe owl, p owl es oewli They are doing s.t. crazy. qe es owli, pes owli qs oewli They are going to do s.t. crazy. qeqs owli, pqs owli st S/he did s.t. crazy/funny. n st, st oestmis S/he did s.t. crazy to s.o./s.t. ostmis, ostmis oestmis S/he did s.t. crazy to s.o./s.t. ostmis, ostmis ncn say something crazy. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. ncn S/he said s.t. crazy. n ncn, ncn os have crazy eyes. islup m n w At moment I will go crazy. os Crazy/silly eyes. rt.: e crazy; circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. i os S/he/it has crazy eyes. i n os, i os i os S/he/it has a little crazy eyes. i n os, i os iqn dark in the head; to be crazy. i iqn S/he/it is crazy. i n iqn, i iqn
cream set cream. cream of wheat spqi cream of wheat (hot cereal). creator amotqn Creator, sits on top. rt.: emut sit; suffix: qin, qn
top.
nctn Creator, maker of ways/mannerisms. rt.: cuut ones mannerism; prefix: make; yple Creator, protector. rt.: im guard; suffix: ple permanence. 105
Cree creek
nu, nu Cree people. lit. cut throats
nit, ni creek, stream. lit. first water. rt.: it first; suffix: et, t liquid. nit, ni small stream/creek. niiyt streams, creeks. silne cricket.
ntnet big stream/creek.
cricket crier
slsl cricket. seem somebody who hollers out. prefix: s one who does. u sem ql The crier got on his horse and trotted around the camp. sa thief, crook. rt.: a steal; prefix: s one who does.
crook crooked crop
is crooked sest crooked finger. es sis zigzag. tene cropped ear.
tum Unstr. rt., cut off, separate from. See: cut. tnts S/he cut off part. tntn, tnt soq crop of grain or garden.
cross
eyms Its crossed. neymuses Two lines crossed.
naymusaqstnm cross legs. suffix: aqstn leg. naymusaqstnm S/he crossed his/her legs. n naymusaqstnm, naymusaqstnm es naymusaqstni S/he is crossing his/her legs. nes naymusaqstni, es naymusaqstni naymusaqstni Cross your legs. (comm.) naymusaqstnwi All of you cross your legs. (comm.) naymusanm cross arms. naymusanm S/he crossed his/her arms. n naymusanm, naymusanm naymusani Cross your arms. (comm.) naymusanwi All of you cross your arms. (comm.) em p naymusanm You all will have your arms crossed. ni cross water. ni S/he/it crossed the water. n ni, ni es nimi S/he/it is crossing the water. nes nimi, es nimi qs nimi S/he/it is going to cross the water. iqs nimi, qs nimi nye They crossed the water. qe ni, p ni es niemi They are crossing the water. qe es nimi, pes nimi qs niemi They are going to cross the water. qeqs nimi, pqs nimi niestes S/he/it brought s.t./s.o across the water. niesten, nieste niestes They brought s.t./s.o across the water. qe niestem, niestep nietin water crossing. nieus Take him/her arcoss the water. (comm.) ncusqs cross a road. circumfix: naqs nose, road. 106
ncusqs S/he/it crossed the road. n ncusqs, ncusqs es ncusqsi S/he/it is crossing the road. nes ncusqsi, es ncusqsi qs ncusqsi S/he/it is going to cross the road. iqs ncusqsi, qs ncusqsi ncusaqs They crossed the road. qe ncusqs, p ncusqs es ncusaqsi They are crossing the road. qe es ncusqsi, pes ncusqsi qs ncusaqsi They are going to cross the road. qeqs ncusqsi, pqs ncusqsi ncuss cross to the other side of something (i.e., thru a stand of trees, thru a crowd of people, etc.). ncuss S/he/it crossed to the other side. n ncusws, ncuss es ncuswsi S/he/it is crossing to the other side. nes ncuswsi, es ncuswsi qs ncuswsi S/he/it is going to cross to the other side. iqs ncuswsi, qs ncuswsi ncuses They crossed to the other side. qe ncuss , p ncuss es ncusewsi They are crossing to the other side. qe es ncuswsi, pes ncuswsi qs ncusewsi They are going to cross to the other side. qeqs ncuswsi, pqs ncuswsi ncuswsis S/he/it brought s.t. across. ncuswsn, ncuswsnt es ncuswsms S/he/it is bringing s.t. across. ies ncuswsm, as ncuswsm qs ncuswsms S/he/it is going to bring s.t. across. iqs ncuswsm, aqs ncuswsm ncuses They brought s.t. across. qe ncuswsntm , ncuswsntp es ncusewsms They are bringing s.t. across. qe es ncuswsm, es ncuswsmp qs ncusewsms They are going to bring s.t. across. qeqs ncuswsm, qs ncuswsmp cuss cross to the other side a plain or any flat land area. cuss S/he/it crossed the plain. n cusws, cuss es cuswsi S/he/it is crossing the plain. nes cuswsi, es cuswsi qs cuswsi S/he/it is going to cross the plain. iqs cuswsi, qs cuswsi cuses They crossed the plain. qe cuss , p cuss es cusewsi They are crossing the plain. qe es cuswsi, pes cuswsi qs cusewsi They are going to cross the plain. qeqs cuswsi, pqs cuswsi cuswsis S/he/it brought s.t. across. cuswsn, cuswsnt es cuswsms S/he/it is bringing s.t. across. ies cuswsi, as cuswsi qs cuswsms S/he/it is going to bring s.t. across. iqs cuswsi, aqs cuswsi cusewsis They brought s.t. across. qe cuswsntm , cuswsntp es cusewsms They are bringing s.t. across. qe es cuswsm, es cuswsmp s.t. something qs cusewsms They are going to bring s.t. across. qeqs cuswsm, qs (s.t.) something implied cuswsmp s.o. someone ncuss cross to the other side of a tunnel. R.t. Root word comm. Command ncuss S/he/it crossed the tunnel. n ncusws, ncuss Lit. Literally es ncuswsi S/he/it is crossing the tunnel. nes ncuswsi, es Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, ncuswsi See: - Redirection to qs ncuswsi S/he/it is going to cross the tunnel. iqs ncuswsi, qs a related word. ncuswsi ncuses They crossed the tunnel. qe ncuss , p ncuss 107
P.l. Plural
es ncusewsi They are crossing the tunnel. qe es ncuswsi, pes ncuswsi qs ncusewsi They are going to cross the tunnel. qeqs ncuswsi, pqs ncuswsi ncuswsis S/he/it brought s.t. thru. ncuswsn, ncuswsnt es ncuswsms S/he/it is bringing s.t. thru. ies ncuswsi, as ncuswsi qs ncuswsms S/he/it is going to bring s.t. thru. iqs ncuswsi, aqs ncuswsi ncusewsis They brought s.t. thru. qe ncuswsntm , ncuswsntp es ncusewsms They are bringing s.t. thru. qe es ncuswsm, es ncuswsmp qs ncusewsms They are going to bring s.t. thru. qeqs ncuswsm, qs ncuswsmp tlihl Across anything that is a line; R.R. track; or a border. ntihaqs Across the road, street or highway. ntihes, ntihe Across the canyon. tihes Across the land/valley. tihi Over the hill. ntihee Across the room. nisut Across the river. ste i nisut What is that on the other side of the river? stal Walk on a log or anything that is narrow and high.
crossbill ayayusqs, ayayus red crossbill. Crow stemi Crow people. lit. down the river people.
ayiint Mountain Crow people. something to do with their blue paint.
crow(bird) sca American crow. Crow Creek m sws Crow Creek. lit. flooding, ravens nesting, the thistle. Crow Creek Pass, South osl scusi South Crow Creek Pass. crowd tu crowd.
ei crowd of people. iu I crowded him out. in went along involuntary. To get pushed along; i.e., in a crowd of people pushing you along. icn happen upon; to meet someone; an accidental meeting. See: meet. ncnests S/he came into a crowd. ncnestn, ncnest ncnests They came into a crowd. qe ncnestm, ncnestp
crown crucify crumbs
oqoqinqn crown. ptumnl, ptumn crucify; to be pinned to wood. See: pin.
ccup crumbs. cpcup small crumbs. ccupcn crumbs from the mouth. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. es ccupcni crumbs are falling from his/her mouth. nes ccupcni, es ccupcni
108
cry
, cry. S/he cried. n , es i S/he is crying. nes i, es i qs i S/he is going to cry. iqs i, qs i a They cried. qe q, p q es ai They are crying. qe es i, pes i qs ai They are going to cry. qeqs i, pqs i es elsi S/he is crying excessively. mn someone who always crys; crybaby. llwis crying around. cot cry. es coti S/he is crying. awawpus cry; to have tears. See: tears.
crybaby mn crybaby. Crystal Mountain c Crystal Mountain.
cu
cucumber sep cucumber. cup snsustn something to drink out of; cup.
means of/device. snssustn (pl.)
rt.: sust drink; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
lp cup. inp My cup.
cupboard cure
snqpetn, snqp place to put dishes; cupboard. rt.: qpe plate; prefix: sn
a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
snsle cupboard. aam heal, cure. aasts S/he/it cured s.o. aastn, aast es aaminms S/he/it is curing s.o. ies aaminm, as aaminm qs aaminms S/he/it is going to s.o. iqs aaminm, aqs aaminm t smaly es aaminms The doctor is curing you. cq cure. malym doctor. See: doctor.
curlew ww long-billed curlew. curling iron sqntn curling iron. currants sttu currants (berries). curse ewm S/he/it was cursed.
ewnst Curse s.o. (comm.)
Cruse words:
paqan You dumby/splat head. 109
timu You are nothing. See: worthless. nlups You dirty butt. See: dirty. mtmi You are no good. See: bad. eye You are bad/evil. See: bad.
curtain curve
nistn, ni drapes, curtain; lit. to cover.
niustn curtain. curved. es Its curved. alqpsm curve the neck. es alqpsi S/he is curving the neck. nes alqpsi, es alqpsi aal Curved wood. banana. i ninqs The road is curvy. sninqs curvy road. esy, y curve
curved custom
yal bend, curved.
sm accustomed. See: accustomed. ism My habit, it is my practice. aemncu practice, drill, training. samqs habitual food. stumi somebody who buys; customer. prefix: s one who does. naltn ways, customs, the way one acts.
customer customs
numn ways, customs, habits, culture, traditions; the things one does. yepn pspast annumn You culture is full of energy. nspe u es ui tssi cuts numn How many years have you been working with the culture committee?
cut
ni Str. rt., cut, slice, saw. nim S/he/it cut (s.t.). n nim, nim es nii S/he/it is cutting (s.t). nes nii, es nii qs nii S/he/it is going to cut (s.t.). iqs nii, qs nii nim They cut (s.t.). qe nim, p nim es nii They are cutting (s.t.). qe es nii, pes nii qs nii They are going to cut (s.t.). qeqs nii, pqs nii niis S/he/it cut it. nin, nint es nims S/he/it is cutting it. ies nim, as nim qs nims S/he/it is going to cut it. iqs nim, aqs nim niis They cut it. qe nintm, nintp es nims They are cutting it. qe es nim, es nimp qs nims They are going to cut it. qeqs nim, qs nimp ni It got cut. es ni It is cut. snsqeli surgeon; someone who cuts people. prefix: s one who does. nii Cut. (comm.) nint Cut it. (comm.) 110
ninti You all go ahead and cut it up. nintwi You guys cut it. (comm.) ni Cut out. wis nintm Its already cut up. nu nmqe niqn One bear got cut on the head (i.e., with a knife). em n wis nim m n ocqe I will finish cutting and I will go out. tip get cut. tip S/he got cut. n tip, tip es tpmi S/he is getting cut. nes tpmi, es tpmi qs tpmi S/he is going to get cut. iqs tpmi, qs tpmi tip They got cut. qe tip, p tip es tpmi They are getting cut. qe es tpmi, pes tpmi qs tpmi They are going to get cut. qeqs tpmi, pqs tpmi tpnuis S/he cut s.o. tpnun, tpnunt es tpnunms S/he is cutting s.o. ies tpnunm, as tpnunm qs tpnunms S/he is going to cut s.o. iqs tpnunm, aqs tpnunm tpnunm They cut s.o. qe tpnunm, tpnunmp es tpnunms They are cutting s.o. qe es tpnunm, es tpnunmp qs tpnunms They are going to cut s.o. qeqs tpnunm, qs tpnunmp stip cut; laceration. tpyaqn, tpyqin S/he got cut on the head. ayqnm cut hair. ayqnm S/he cut hair. n ayqnm, ayqnm es ayqni S/he is cutting hair. nes ayqni, es ayqni qs ayqni S/he is going to cut hair. iqs ayqni, qs ayqni ayqnm They cut hair. qe ayqnm, p ayqnm es ayqni They are cutting hair. qe es ayqni, pes ayqni qs ayqni They are going to cut hair. qeqs ayqni, pqs ayqni ayqis S/he cut s.os hair. ayqn, ayqnt es ayqnms S/he is cutting s.os hair. ies ayqni, as ayqni qs ayqnms S/he is going to cut s.os hair. iqs ayqni, aqs ayqni ayqis They cut s.os hair. qe ayqntm, ayqntp es ayqms They are cutting s.os hair. qe es ayqnm, es ayqnmp qs ayqms They are going to cut s.os hair. qeqs ayqnm, qs ayqnmp snayqintn place to cut hair; barber shop. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. sayqnm somebody who cuts hair; barber. prefix: s one who does. ayqni Cut hair. (comm.) ayqnwi All of you cut hair. (comm.) ayqnt Cut someones hair. (comm.) ayqnct cut your own hair. ayqnct S/he cut his/her own hair. n ayqnct, ayqnct es ayqncti S/he is cutting his/her own hair. nes ayqncti, es ayqncti qs ayqncti S/he is going to cut his/her own hair. iqs ayqncti, qs ayqncti ayqncut They cut their own hair. qe ayqnct, p ayqnct es ayqncuti They are cutting their own hair. qe es ayqncti, pes ayqncti qs ayqncuti They are going to cut their own hair. qeqs ayqncti, pqs ayqncti ayqnct Cut your own hair. (comm.) ayqnctwi All of you cut your own hair. (comm.) 111
ncaintm, ncaqintm Take the top off (he is scalped). ic cut bunches of something. icm S/he cut the things. n icm, icm es ici S/he cut the things. nes ici, es ici iclem cut hay or grass. See: mow. icpm cut fur off an animal. icpm S/he cut off fur. n icpm, icpm es icpi S/he is cutting off fur. nes icpi, es icpi qs icpi S/he is going to cut off fur. iqs icpi, qs icpi e wis nt m icpm t ani When you finish cutting it (the meat) off, youll cut off the fur with your knife. pi shave/cut. (i.e., shaving wood.) See: shave. lim Unstr. rt., chop. See: chop. ali cut with scissors. See: scissors.
cut off
tim cut something off. tip S/he cut off (s.t.). n tip, tip es tmi S/he is cutting off (s.t.). nes tip, es tmi qs tmi S/he is going to cut off (s.t.). iqs tip, qs tmi tip They cut off (s.t.). qe tip, p tip es tmi They are cutting off (s.t.). qe es tip, pes tmi qs tmi They are going to cut off (s.t.). qeqs tip, pqs tmi tntes S/he cut s.t. off. tnten, tnte es tpims S/he is cutting s.t. off. nes tpim, es tpim qs tpims S/he is going to cut s.t. off. iqs tpim, qs tpim tntes They cut s.t. off. qe tntem, tntep es tpims They are cutting s.t. off. qe es tpim, es tpimp qs tpims They are going to cut s.t. off. qeqs tpim, qs tpimp es ttmi S/he is repeatedly cutting off. nes ttmi, es ttmi tepm cut down. tsesm cut in half. es oyt Its cut off.
tum Unstr. rt., cut off, separate from. nts S/he separated it from s.t. ntn, nt min ol for cutting meat off a hide. tupsm cut a tail off; to cut off the end of something. ttupsnt You cut off the end. tim under cut something off. tip S/he cut off (s.t.). n tip, tip es tmi S/he is cutting off (s.t.). nes tip, es tmi qs tmi S/he is going to cut off (s.t.). iqs tip, qs tmi tip They cut off (s.t.). qe tip, p tip es tmi They are cutting off (s.t.). qe es tip, pes tmi qs tmi They are going to cut off (s.t.). qeqs tip, pqs tmi tntes S/he cut s.t. off. tnten, tnte es tpims S/he is cutting s.t. off. nes tpim, es tpim 112
qs tpims S/he is going to cut s.t. off. iqs tpim, qs tpim tntes They cut s.t. off. qe tntem, tntep es tpims They are cutting s.t. off. qe es tpim, es tpimp qs tpims They are going to cut s.t. off. qeqs tpim, qs tpimp ntest cut off finger. es ntest His/her finger is cut off. nes ntest, es ntest ntestmis S/he cut off s.o.s finger. ntestmn, ntestmnt es ntests S/he is cutting off s.o.s finger. ies ntestm, as ntestm qs ntests S/he is cutting off s.o.s finger. iqs ntestm, aqs ntestm ne cropped/cut off ear. es ne His/her/its ear is cropped/cut off. nes ne, es ne es nems S/he is cutting off s.o.s ear. ies nem, as nem qs nems S/he is going to cut off s.o.s ear. iqs nem, aqs nem
cut-out ni cut out. cutthroat pis cutthroat. cylinder yult yarge in girth. (of cylindrical objects.)
See: girth.
qqal narrow in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) See: narrow.
D
dagger
titne dagger in, i knife.
daddy longlegs dam damp
stamqn daddy longlegs, female. stamiyaqn daddy longlegs, male. stqp dam.
i darn; doggone; dam; exclamation. See: darn. im damp. i im S/he/it is damp. i n im, i im i im S/he/it is a little damp. i n im, i im mip S/he/it got damp. n mip, mip mip S/he/it got a little damp. n mip, mip im It got damp. i mup It got damp all of a sudden. mpil S/he/it gradually got damp. n mpil, mpil es mpili S/he/it is getting damp. nes mpili, es mpili qs mpili S/he/it is getting damp. iqs mpili, qs mpili mpil They gradually got damp. qe mpil, p mpil es mpili They are getting damp. qe es mpili, pes mpili qs mpili They are going to get damp. qeqs mpili, pqs mpili
113
mpstes S/he/it made s.o./s.t. damp. mpsten, mpste mpstes They made s.o./s.t. damp. qe mpstem, mpstep mpstes S/he/it made s.o./s.t. a little damp. mpsten, mpste imle damp ground, swamp. mpule damp ground. mpule ground is a little damp. es mpnwei They are getting each other damp. mpalqs damp clothes. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. mpalqs His/her/its clothes got damp. n mpalqs, mpalqs mpalqsis S/he/it got s.o.s clothes damp. mpalqsn, mpalqsnt es mpalqsms S/he/it is getting s.o.s clothes damp. ies mpalqsm, as mpalqsm qs mpalqsms S/he/it is going to get s.o.s clothes damp. iqs mpalqsm, aqs mpalqsm mpalqsis They got s.o.s clothes damp. qe mpalqsntm, mpalqsntp es mpalqsms They are getting s.o.s clothes damp. qe es mpalqsm, es mpalqsmp qs mpalqsms They are going to get s.o.s clothes damp. qe qs mpalqsm, qs mpalqsmp ssalt damp/wet.
dance
wn war dance, dance at a powwow. See: war dance.
es nine owl dance. See: owl dance. snalmnctn prairie chicken dance. See: prairie chicken dance. snsqostn prairie chicken dance. See: prairie chicken dance. sipct swen post article dance. See: lost article dance. splqmnct pld warrior dance. See: old warrior dance. naa panvas dance. See: canvas dance. tlqmi jump dance. See: jump dance. nqwistn jump dance. See: jump dance. es si become a Blue Jay at a medicine dance. See: medicine dance. nllmnctist, llmncu round dance. See: round dance. yul scalp dance. See: scalp dance. sninipmncu snake dance. See: snake dance. imnctist, imnct dance, any modern style of dance. imnct S/he danced. n imnct, imnct es imncti S/he is dancing. nes imncti, es imncti qs imncti S/he is going to dance. iqs imncti, qs imncti imncut They danced. qe imnct, p imnct es imncuti They are dancing. qe es imncti, pes imncti qs imncuti They are going to dance. qeqs imncti, pqs imncti snimnctn place to dance, dance hall. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. imnct Dance. (comm.) imnctwi All of you dance. (comm.)
dance hall
snimnctn place to dance; dance hall. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn 114
means of/device.
dance pavilion dangerous
snwntn place to war dance/war dance song; dance pavilion. prefix: sn
innt Its dangerous. nnmscut do something dangerous; to put ones self in danger. nnmscut S/he/it did s.t. dangerous. n nnmscut, nnmscut es nnmscuti S/he/it is doing s.t. dangerous. nes nnmscuti, es nnmscuti qs nnmscuti S/he/it is going to do s.t. dangerous. iqs nnmscuti, qs nnmscuti nnmscut They did s.t. dangerous. qe nnmscut, p nnmscut es nnmscuti They are doing s.t. dangerous. qe es nnmscuti, pes nnmscuti qs nnmscuti They are going to do s.t. dangerous. qeqs nnmscuti, pqs nnmscuti es nnmscuti S/he/it is doing s.t. a little dangerous. nnmscuti nes nnmscuti, es
nenmutiem something thats always dangerous. nntmule dangerous area. nnti dangerous ridge. nnet dangerous water. suffix: et, t liquid. snintn particular place of danger. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snnintn place of danger. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. nnutm dangerous. enple forbiden. suffix: ple permanence. innt u ascu Your job is dangerous.
Darby dare
sneei Darby. lit. the place where something was lifted. npap South of Darby. es em dare;bother some one in a bad way. es emscutms S/he is daring s.o.
nnmist dare. nnmist S/he dared. n nnmist, nnmist es nnmisti S/he is daring. nes nnmisti, es nnmisti qs nnmisti S/he is going to dare. iqs nnmisti, qs nnmisti nnmistmis S/he dared s.o. nnmistmn, nnmistmnt es nnmistms S/he is daring s.o. ies nnmistm, as nnmistm qs nnmistms S/he is going to dare s.o. iqs nnmistm, aqs nnmistm nnmist dare a little. nnmistemn someone who always dares. nnmistmnweist dare each other. ies nnmistm Im daring you. nnmistmncn I dared you. es ascani You talk for nothing (how dare you)(i.e., when somebody ask to borrow money
they still owe you. You would say this).
s.t. something (s.t.) something and implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
dark
i dark. i i Its dark. i ni Its dark in there. mip It got dark. mup All of a sudden it got dark/disappeared.
iqn something is dark with your brain, Youre crazy. ha nel u ili Are you afraid of the dark? 115
mpim overly excited; to be out of control. See: excited. mpste out of it. See: faint. mpqin faint; get a dark head; black out. See: faint.
darn
i darn; doggone; dam; exclamation. i mtmi u sn Darn those no-good coyotes! ii Dayton.
Dayton daughter
smlt, sm daughter (general). smmlt daughters. ismlt My daughter. itmilt first born daughter or son. es middle son or daughter. stwtet youngest daughter. spn daughter-in-law. selp daughter-in-law after sons death. scsm foster daughter. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. senltsm god daughter.
daughter-in-law David dawn

land.
spn daughter-in-law. slp son or daughter-in-law after death of spouse. tapit David. snacin dawn, (before the sun comes up). rt.: a bright; prefix: sn a place of.
lpule, lpu dawn, (the first light of the morning). rt.: al light; prefix: little; suffix: ule e sunrise, (just as the sun is peeking over the mountain or land). See: sunrise. ce peeking out, (when the sun partially up). See: sunrise. spe sunrise, (just when the sun comes off the mountain or land). See: sunrise.
day
sllt, sl day. est sllt good day. st suffix indicating day, sky. mlmst, mlm all day long. mlm u n ssq sqeli all day long I was hitting people. unast long day. yetast, yeta day. e e nast day after tomorrow. ci t snast day before yesterday. ci t saslast two days ago. snpmstast last day. rt.: pim release from. sastm It was a good day. sast slow day. e u e e nast u se The day after tomorrow is Saturday. es sinasti counting days. See: calendar. nast one day. aslast two days. alast three days. most four days. clstast five days. nstast six days. sstast seven days. hanmast eight 116
days. tast nine days. upnstast ten days. upn e nast eleven days. ast lot of days.
day dream
snpma stare off. snap day dream.
de
dead
tmtmn dead; deceased; departed. lil die. See: die. es lil S/he/it is dead.
dead tree
ye dead tree, snag, wood dry with age.
ll dead tree.
death camas istn death camas. debt lilt, li have debt.

qe lilt our debts. uli make credit. puti ep li You still have a debt. nt inli Eliminate my debt. (comm.) npus pay off debts. See: pay. nlisusm, nlisu pay ones debt. See: pay.
decagon upnstit decagon; has ten flat sides. December esaci spni December (trapping month). decide mippspu decide.
u nte u hoy u splstw And they decided to quit killing each other.
deep
niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside. sniut deep as a measure. ee suin sniut three feet deep.
st deep snow. nst deep water. estm It got deep. t ci estm It got deeper. e u elsest u asmet How deep is your snow? ha estm Did your (snow) s.t. something (s.t.) something get deep?
deer
uli, u white-tail doe. See: white-tail deer. sn, s white-tail buck. See: white-tail deer. sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule. See: black-tail deer. puwlsn, puw blacktail buck, male mule deer. See: black-tail deer. spapi, papi fawn. ste fawn in fall.
anco deers whistle. es anco The deer is whistling. 117
deer head deer hide
uliayaqn deer head. culi spqis The deers head. ett hide. ulil, uli buckskin, white-tail doe hide. snel white-tail buck hide. sulel black-tail doe hide. puwlnel black-tail buck hide.
deer lick cinqs deer lick, salt lick. Deerlodge sncwe Deerlodge. deer mouse ne deer mouse, mouse.
sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house.
defeat
ip, i lose; to be defeated. ip S/he/it lost. n ip, ip es pmi S/he/it is losing. nes pmi, es pmi qs pmi S/he/it is going to lose. iqs pmi, qs pmi ip They lost. qe ip, p ip es pmi They are losing. qe es pmi, pes pmi qs pmi They are going to lose. qeqs pmi, pqs pmi pnuis S/he/it defeated s.o. pnun, pnunt es pnunms S/he/it is defeating s.o. ies pnunm, as pnunm qs pnunms S/he/it is going to defeat s.o. iqs pnunm, aqs pnunm pnuis They defeated s.o. qe pnun, pnuntp es pnunms They are defeating s.o. qe es pnunm, es pnunmp qs pnunms They are going to defeat s.o. qeqs pnunm, qs pnunmp pnuntm S/he was defeated. pemn someone who always get defeated. ip Lose. (comm.) pnunt Beat him/her. (comm.) pnumn Defeated. pnuncn I defeated you. pqs, p win/defeat/beat at some contest or event. See: win.
defecate
, excrement; defecate; feces. e S/he defecated. n e, e es ei S/he is defecating. nes ei, es ei qs ei S/he is going to defecate. iqs ei, qs ei e They defecate. qe e, p e es ei They are defecating. qe es ei, pes ei qs ei They are going to defecate. qeqs ei, pqs ei nupsm defecate pants. nupsm S/he defecated his/her pants. n nupsm, nupsm es nupsi S/he is defecating his/her pants. nes nupsm, es nupsi qs nupsi S/he is going to defecate his/her pants. iqs nupsm, qs nupsi nupsm They defecated his/her pants. qe nupsm, p nupsm es nupsi They are defecating his/her pants. qe es nupsm, pes nupsi
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qs nupsi They are going to defecate his/her pants. nupsi
qeqs nupsm, pqs
nelsm want/need to defecate. nelsm S/he needed to defecate. n nelsm, nelsm es nelsi S/he is needing to defecate. nes nelsi, es nelsi qs nelsi S/he is going to need to defecate. iqs nelsi, qs nelsi s toilet. ssq horse feces. iqs is Im going to the outhouse. mmin t Crap got smeared on both feet. e sme u ep Thats right it was the grizzlys crap. iqs patm ye s ye oa Im going to put his/her crap up in the cherry tree. ha e Did you crap? ha nupsm Did you crap your pants?
dehydrator
snmn sin dryer for food; dehydrator. snmn siqq dryer for fruit; dehydrator. this, these. ci that one.
demonstrative den
sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. nole hole, den. rt.: o hole; suffix: ule land. nllal hole, den in a log/tree. rt.: o hole; suffix: ...al wood.
dent
dent. entes S/he dented s.t. enten, ente es ems S/he is denting s.t. ies em, as em qs ems S/he is going to dent s.t. iqs em, aqs em eentes They dented s.t. qe entem, entep es eems They are denting s.t. qe es em, es emp qs eems They are going to dent s.t. qeqs em, qs emp es Its dented. ee It got dented. entem Its dented. epm indent something. (i.e., skin, etc.) See: indent.
dentist soqeysm dentist; someone who pulls teeth. descendent ssilt offsping, children, desendants.
sop root, descendant.
designs desire
sii colors, designs.
inm desire something or someone. inis S/he desired s.t./s.o. inn, innt es inms S/he is desiring s.t./s.o. ies inm, as inm qs inms S/he is going to desire s.t./s.o. iqs inm, aqs inm inuis They desired s.t./s.o. qe inntm, inntp es inums They are desiring s.t./s.o. qe es inm, es inmp qs inums They are going to desire s.t./s.o. qeqs inm, qs inm inemn someone that always desires. suffix: emn one who always likes to do.
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ini Desire. (comm.) innt Desire it. (comm.) innwe They desired each other. inc S/he desired you. inncn I desired you. homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see something beautiful/good/wonderful. See: awe. desk snimintn desk, post office, any place to write. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
despair
ymsist, ym despaired, frustrated, troubled, worried; have a block; have a
dilemma. i ye S/he/it is at a block. i n ye, i ye yem S/he was frustrated/despaired. n yem, yemi es yemi S/he is frustrated/despaired. nes yemi, es yemi qs yemi S/he is going to be frustrated/despaired. iqs yemi, qs yemi i yem u islat My friend is at a block; my friend is frustrated. es ymms S/he is troubled about s.t. u te ste u ymm When you need something. nes yemi n oost Im frustrated because Im lost. mqnmist, mqnmi give up. See: give up.
determined
tasllusm, tasllu determined.
alwis, alwi hustle around for something; able, determined in doing something. See: busy. n alwi u un u nm I was determined, able in fixing the door. lwis u wits smaly S/he was determined, able in finding a doctor. alwis pasq u i Through his determination Pascal arrived here or there. alwis lwye uye Valeria kept at it and got done.
detest
em detest/reject/snub something. eis S/he rejected s.t. en, ent es ems S/he is rejecting s.t. ies em, as em qs ems S/he is going to reject s.t. iqs em, aqs em es ems S/he is rejecting things. ies em, as em entm S/he/it was rejected. sce something that was rejected. eistemn someone who always likes to reject things. ei Reject. (comm.) ent Reject it. (comm.) ies m incit I hate my house, I reject my house.
naymls have bad feelings; to have inner anger. naymlsm S/he/it had bad feelings. n naymlsm, naymlsm es naymlsi S/he/it has bad feelings. nes naymlsi, es naymlsi qs naymlsi S/he/it is going to have bad feelings. iqs naymlsi, qs naymlsi naymlsmis S/he/it had bad feelings toward s.o. naymlsn, naymlsnt es naymlsms S/he/it has bad feelings toward s.o. ies naymlsm, as naymlsm qs naymlsms S/he/it is going to have bad feelings toward s.o. iqs naymlsm, aqs naymlsm naymlsemn someone who always has bad feelings.
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naymlsmnwe have bad feelings toward each other. ta qes naymls Dont have bad feeling. ta o qs naymlsmst Dont have bad toward me.
devil dew
slmn devil. rt.: l abandon. See: abandon. imutiye dew. es imutiyei Its dewy.
im damp. i im Its damp. ile damp ground, swamp.
diameter
stisyal diameter; big roundness. t e elstisyal u pumin How big is the (diameter) drum?
yult Large in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) See: girth. t e elsyult How big is the girth? qqal narrow in girth. (of cylindrical objects.)
diamond diaper diarrhea
ae diamond shape.
nstn, n diaper. npustn diaper. e u es ns Thats why s/he wears a diaper. pma have diarrhea. pma S/he/it had diarrhea. n pma, pma es pma S/he/it has diarrhea. nes pma, es pma qs pma S/he/it is going to have diarrhea. iqs pma, qs pma
dictionary nyonuntn imin dictionary. die lil die.

lil S/he/it died. n lil, lil es llmi S/he/it is dying. nes llmi, es llmi qs llmi S/he/it is going to be dying. iqs llmi, qs llmi lllmist S/he/it played dead. n lllmist, lllmist es lllmisti S/he/it is playing dead. nes lllmisti, es lllmisti qs lllmisti S/he/it is going to play dead. iqs lllmisti, qs lllmisti lllmist They played dead. qe lllmist, p lllmist es lllmisti They are playing dead. qe es lllmisti, pes lllmisti qs lllmisti They are going to play dead. qeqs lllmisti, pqs lllmisti sclil death. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. pulil spouse of s.o. who died. lllmisti Play dead. (comm.) lelil have the appearance of dying. (i.e., to fall from becoming unconscious, as in fainting, etc.) lsq His/her horse/car is dead. n lsq, lsq e qe it qe sclil When we are near death. t snel u lil t scscu S/he died of fear. llels feel like dying. suffix: els want, feel. llels S/he felt like s/he was going to die. n llels, llels es llelsi S/he is feeling like s/he is going to die. nes llelsi, es llelsi
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mim die (pl.). miim They died. qe mim, p mim miip They died. qe mip, p mip es mpmi They are dying. qe es mpmi, pes mpmi qs mpmi They are going to be dying. qeqs mpmi, pqs mpmi qe es mpmi u t scsust Were dying of drink. ha t sne u es mims Was the coyote killing them? issse ta ep sin em miip My sons have no food and are going to die. es alqin S/he was unaware s/he was making final rounds before dying; preparing for death. (Said after death, in hindsight; a person went around and visited relatives, friends and old
acquaintances; as if the person was saying their final fare wells.)
es alqini S/he/it is preparing for death. nes alqini, es alqini es alqini They are preparing for death. qe es alqini, pes alqini e alqin Oh thats what s/he was doing, preparing for death. mit gravely ill; dying. es miti S/he is gravely ill. nes miti, es miti hoy mit u e sqeli That person is gravely ill.
different
ilm different. tilm a little different. es ilm Its different. es ilm Each one is different. nlmls change attitude. See: change attitude. lmnct change ones self; to disguise. See: disguise. lmist change ones self spiritually. See: disguise. nlmes different kinds. leli different people. lmule different land. n lmis es ilm sen The rocks are different shapes and colors. et t cuy u sqli u es ilm Then things changed/got different for the people.
naqsm, na many things not the same. naqsm sen different kinds of rocks. nqsm ieu all kinds of wildlife. naqsm u iuyn all kinds of cars. naqsm sqeli all kinds of people. wim na ieu I saw all kinds of animals. naqsm es ilm uuyn All s.t. something kinds of different cars.
difficult
t difficult, hard; struggle. te S/he/it had a difficult time; struggled. n te, te titt difficult. titt u sai Its difficult to scrape (a hide). i titt u e Thats really difficult.
it hard; tough; hard to break. See: hard.
dig
ciq dig. ciqm S/he/it dug. n ciqm, ciqm es ciqi S/he/it is digging. nes ciqi, es ciqi 122
qs ciqi S/he/it is going to dig. iqs ciqi, qs ciqi ciqm They dug. qe ciqm, p ciqm es ciqi They is digging. qe es ciqi, pes ciqi qs ciqi They is going to dig. qeqs ciqi, pqs ciqi ciqis S/he/it dug s.t. ciqn, ciqnt es ciqms S/he/it is digging s.t. ies ciqm, as ciqm qs ciqms S/he/it is going to dig s.t. iqs ciqm, aqs ciqm ciqis They dug s.t. qe ciqntm, ciqntp es ciqms They are digging s.t. qe es ciqm, es ciqmp qs ciqms They are going to dig s.t. qeqs ciqm, qs ciqmp ciqcq dig. (pl) em nciqm S/he/it will dig. em n nciqm, em nciqm nciqm They will dig. em qe nciqm, em p nciqm em qes ciqms S/he/it will be digging it. em iqes ciqm, em aqes ciqm em qs ciqms They will be digging it. em qeqes ciqm, em qes ciqmp em nciqm t aq snptn Youll dig your baking pit. wi dig, pick. nuisncu toothpick. ct dig roots. et S/he dug. n et, et es eti S/he is digging. nes eti, es eti qs eti S/he is going to dig. iqs eti, qs eti et They dug. qe et, p et es eti They are digging. qe es eti, pes eti qs eti They are going to dig. qeqs eti, pqs eti em p e is ct You guys will go back to dig. es cti t sli Youre digging camas. e st m qe is ct In the morning Were going to dig. nt esy ascct Peel everything you dig up. qe es eti We are digging. es nweci S/he is digging out marrow from a bone.
digger digit
pce digger, digging tool for roots. (originally made of horn; now metal) pcpce diggers. i sticks out. sist finger. sin toe. sist fingers. sin toes. yemsist, yem despaired, frustrated, troubled, worried; have a block; have a s.t. something
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone lum eat dinner. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word u qs is lui Where are you going to eat supper. comm. Command Lit. Literally sneintn, snei table for many people. rt.: in eat; prefix: sn a place of; Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, suffix: ...tn means of/device. - Redirection snintn table for one person. rt.: in eat; refix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: related word. to a
dilemma dinner
dilemma. See: despair.
dining table dip
es nu dip in the land. nule It is a dip in the land. ule dips in the land. 123
mu dip, scoop water. rt.: nmulm get get water. See: fetch. nmuli Go get water. (comm.) snmulm somebody who gets water, dips for water. prefix: s one who does.
dipper direction
snmu dipper (for water). rt.: nmulm get get water.
oie American dipper; water osel. saltule North. salptin East. sale South. sltin West. smis guide, direction. i dirty. is dirty face. tis little dirty face. sip disappear; gone; wiped out. sip S/he/it disappeared. n sip, sip es spmi S/he/it is disappearing. nes spmi, es spmi qs spmi S/he/it is going to disappear. iqs spmi, qs spmi sip They disappeared. qe sip, p sip es spmi They are disappearing. qe es spmi, pes spmi qs spmi They are going to disappear. qeqs spmi, pqs spmi es sspmi Each one is disappearing. lsip family is wiped out. lu go out of sight around an obstacle. (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building, etc.) lmnct S/he/it went out of sight. n lmnct, lmnct es lmncti S/he/it is going out of sight. nes lmncti, es lmncti qs lmncti S/he/it is going to go out of sight. iqs lmncti, qs lmncti lmncut They went out of sight. qe lmnct, p lmnct es lmncuti They are going out of sight. qe es lmncti, pes lmncti qs lmncuti They are going to go out of sight. qeqs lmncti, pqs lmncti es lu S/he/it got out of sight. amt melt; dissolve away. See: melt.
dirty
et nasty. See: nasty.
disappear
disappointed
want, feel.
nmals disappointed; have broken feelings. rt.: ma break; circumfix: nels
nmals S/he was disappointed. n nmals, nmals es nmalsi S/he is disappointed. nes nmalsi, es nmalsi qs nmalsi S/he is going to be disappointed. iqs nmalsi, qs nmalsi nmals They was disappointed. qe nmals, p nmals es nmalsi They are disappointed. qe es nmalsi, pes nmalsi qs nmalsi They are going to be disappointed. qeqs nmalsi, pqs nmalsi nmalsmis S/he was disappointed in s.t./s.o. nmalsmn, nmalsmnt es nmalsms S/he is disappointed in s.t./s.o. ies nmalsm, as nmalsm qs nmalsms S/he is going to be disappointed in s.t./s.o. iqs nmalsm, aqs nmalsm
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nmalsmis They was disappointed in s.t./s.o. qe nmalsmntm, nmalsmntp es nmalsms They are disappointed in s.t./s.o. qe es nmalsm, es nmalsmp qs nmalsms They are going to be disappointed in s.t./s.o. qeqs nmalsm, qs nmalsmp nmalsmncn I was disappointed in you. nmalsmn I was disappointed in all of you. qe nmalslt S/he was disappointed in us.
discipline
eem keep someone in line; correct behavior; forbid bad behavior; prevent misdeeds; make someone behave. eeis S/he corrected s.o. een, eent es eems S/he is correcting s.o. ies eem, as eem qs eems S/he is is going to correct s.o. iqs eem, aqs eem seem someone who corrects/disciplines. eenemn somebody who always likes to correct/discipline. eeenmu The individual that always corrects. eenint Correct him/her. (comm.) es eenwei They are correcting each other. qe es eenwei, pes eenwei eentum correct people. eenelt correct children. eensqe, eensq correct domestic animals. qs seem Its your responsibility to discipline.
discourage
pi unmotivated/discouraged/lazy. (This term describes someone that has no motivation, that is discourage and that is lazy. Many words in Salish are a combination of English words. At times they are hard to give a full translation.) pi S/he was unmotivated. n pi, pi es pmi S/he is unmotivated. nes pmi, es pmi qs pmi S/he is going to be unmotivated. iqs pmi, qs pmi pi They was unmotivated. qe pi, p pi es pmi They are unmotivated. qe es pmi, pes pmi qs pmi They are going to be unmotivated. qeqs pmi, pqs pmi pmis S/he was unmotivated by s.t. pmin, pmint es pminms S/he is unmotivated by s.t. nes pminm, es pminm qs pmi S/he is going to be unmotivated by s.t. iqs pmi, qs pmi pmis They were unmotivated by s.t. qe pmintm, pmintp es pminm They are unmotivated by s.t. qe es pminm, es pminmp qs pminm They are going to be unmotivated by s.t. qeqs pminm, qs pminmp n pi nes eyti Im unmotivated because Im lazy.
discuss
mmil, mmi discuss. mmil They discussed. qe mmil, p mmil es mmili They are discussing. qe es mmili, pes mmili qs mmili They are going to discuss. qeqs mmili, pqs mmili mmilmis S/he discussed s.t. mmilmn, mmilmnt es mmilmms S/he is discussing s.t. ies mmilmm, as mmilmm qs mmilmms S/he is going to discuss s.t. iqs mmilmm, aqs mmilmm mmilmis They discussed s.t. qe mmilmntm, mmilmntp es mmilmms They are discussing s.t. qe es mmilmm, es mmilmm qs mmilmms They are going to discuss s.t. qeqs mmilmm, qs mmilmm
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scmmil something thats been discussed. mmilmnt Discuss it. (comm.) ste u qs cmmil What are we going to discuss? (whats on the agenda?) mmil, mmi meet and talk; have a meeting. See: meet.
disdain
nlos action showing disdain toward someone. This is done with the arm out and the wrist slightly bent down; then by extending, spreading and curving the index and middle fingers in the direction of the recipient. The literal translation: to poke the eyes. This action is similar to flipping someone off by extending the middle finger. nlosis S/he showed disdain toward s.o. nlosn, nlosnt o nlosntm I was shown disdain by someone.
disguise
the self.
lmnct change ones self; to disguise. rt.: ilm different; suffix: cut action to
lmnct S/he disguised ones self. n lmnct, lmnct es lmncti S/he is disguising ones self. nes lmncti, es lmncti qs lmncti S/he is going to disquise ones self. iqs lmncti, qs lmncti lmist change ones self spiritually. rt.: ilm different; suffix: ist action to the self. lmist S/he changed ones self. n lmist, lmist es lmisti S/he is changing ones self. nes lmisti, es lmisti qs lmisti S/he is going to change ones self. iqs lmisti, qs lmisti nlmls change attitude. See: change attitude.
disgusted nhels sick and tired; perturbed; disturbed. dish qpe, qp plate.
qpes His/her plate.
See: disturbed.
dishpan
snuqpetn, snuqp dishpan; something used to wash dishes. prefix: sn neqpeetn, neqpe dishtowel; something used to wipe dishes. snnuqpetn, snnuqp dishwasher. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
dishtowel dishwasher
means of/device.
nuqpe, nuqp wash dishes. nuqp S/he washed dishes. n nuqp, nuqp es nuqp S/he is washing dishes. nes nuqp, es nuqp qs nuqp S/he is going to wash dishes. iqs nuqp, qs nuqp nuqpe They washed dishes. qe nuqp, p nuqp es nuqpe They are washing dishes. qe es nuqp, pes nuqp qs nuqpe They are going to wash dishes. qeqs nuqp, pqs nuqp
dismount disolve
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied snuqpe, snuqp somebody who washed dishes. prefix: s one who does. s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word ssnuqp S/he is a good dishwasher. n ssnuqp, ssnuqp comm. Command e wis nuqpce m sic ocqe qs plemi When you finish washing the dishes Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively then you can go outside to play ball. i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. See: a related word.
come down.
amt melt; dissolve away. See: melt. 126
distant
lut far. See: far.
lut distant.
distribute
pum distribute; spread around; pass/hand out. es pmini S/he is distributing. nes pmini, es pmini qs pmini S/he is going to distribute. iqs pmini, qs pmini es pmini They are distributing. qe es pmini, pes pmini qs pmini They are going to distribute. qeqs pmini, pqs pmini pmstes S/he distributed s.t. pmsten, pmste es pmims S/he is distributing s.t. ies pmim, as pmim qs pmims S/he is going to distribute s.t. iqs pmim, aqs pmim pmstes They distributed s.t. qe pmstem, pmstep es pmims They are distributing s.t. qe es pmim, es pmimp qs pmims They are going to distribute s.t. qeqs pmim, qs pmimp scpmi something that has been distributed (i.e.rations, per capita, commodities, pay day). prefix:
sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
iqs pmim ini Im going to pass out my candy.
disturbed
nhels sick and tired; perturbed; disturbed; fed up. nhels S/he got fed up. n nhels, nhels es nhelsi S/he is fed up. nes nhelsi, es nhelsi qs nhelsi S/he is going to be fed up. iqs nhelsi, qs nhelsi sclt, scl ditch/canal. rt.: il tear; prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared; suffix:
et, t liquid.
ditch dive
ci scle Its in that ditch. ust dive into water. ust S/he dove. n ust, ust es usti S/he is diving. nes usti, es usti qs usti S/he is going to dive. iqs usti, qs usti usust Each one of them dove. qe usust, p usust es ususti Each one is diving. qe es ususti, pes ususti qs ususti Each one is going to dive. qeqs ususti, pqs ususti usti Dive. (comm.) es ustlwisi S/he is diving around. nes ustlwisi, es ustlwisi nilmnule hit the ground head first. nilmnule S/he hit the ground head first. n nilmnule, nilmnule
diver
sust diver (someone who dives). prefix: s one who does. usustu diver (bird); smaller duck. es divide/part something; apportion. esis S/he divided s.t. esn, esnt es esms S/he is dividing s.t. ies esm, as esm qs esms S/he is going to divide s.t. iqs esm, aqs esm esis They divided s.t. qe esn, esntp es esms They are dividing s.t. qe es esm, es esmp qs esms They are going to divide s.t. qeqs esm, qs esmp
separate.
divide
om separate something that is together. (i.e., a pile, a ream paper, a package of crackers, etc.) See: 127
tes divide something in two; halve something. See: half. esesm separate something solid. (i.e., a rock, bread loaf, pie, etc.) See: separate. tip under cut; divide. See: cut. saq split. See: split. sa split wood. See: split.
divorce
pes get divorced. es pes S/he is divorced. pes They got divorced. es pesi They are getting divorced. qs pesi They are going to get divorced. nomels S/he is wanted to get divorced. n nomels, nomels es nomelsi S/he is wanting to get divorced. nes nomelsi, es nomelsi qs nomelsi S/he is going to want to get divorced. iqs nomelsi, qs nomelsi osct divorce ones spouse. osct S/he divorced his/her spouse. n osct, osct es oscti S/he is divorcing his/her spouse. nes oscti, es oscti qs oscti S/he is going to divorce his/her spouse. iqs oscti, qs oscti
emscut separate with ones partner/spouse. rt.: ehe separate; suffix: cut action to the
self.
emscuti S/he seperated. n emscuti, emscuti es emscuti S/he is separating. nes emscuti, es emscuti qs emscuti S/he is going to seperate. iqs emscuti, qs emscuti
Dixon dizzy
silip Dixon.
nslslmtus dizzy. nslslmtus S/he/it was dizzy. n nslslmtus, nslslmtus es nslslmtusi S/he/it is dizzy. nes nslslmtusi, es nslslmtusi es nslslmtusi They are dizzy. qe es nslslmtusi, pes nslslmtusi nslslmtusis S/he got s.o. dizzy. nslslmtusn, nslslmtusnt es nslslmtusms S/he is getting s.o. dizzy. ies nslslmtusm, as nslslmtusm qs nslslmtusms S/he is going to get s.o. dizzy. iqs nslslmtusm, aqs nslslmtusm nslslmtusis They got s.o. dizzy. qe nslslmtusntm, nslslmtusntp es nslslmtusms They are getting s.o. dizzy. qe es nslslmtusm, es nslslmtusmp qs nslslmtusms Theyre going to get s.o. dizzy. qeqs nslslmtusm, qs nslslmtusmp nslslmtemn someone who always likes to get dizzy. nslpstweist They got each other dizzy. qe nslpstweist, p nslpstweist
ta iqs sust t nos ie n nslslmtus Im not going to drink beer so I wont get dizzy. (s.t.) something implied e sust t nos m nslslmtus When you drink beer you get dizzy. s.o. someone nslpscut get ones self dizzy. nslpscut S/he/it got ones self dizzy. n nslpscut, nslpscut es nslpscuti S/he/it getting ones self dizzy. nes nslpscuti, es nslpscuti qs nslpscuti S/he/it going to get ones self dizzy. iqs nslpscuti, qs nslpscuti nslpscut Get yourself dizzy. (comm.) nslpqin dizzy in the head. nslpqin S/he was dizzy. n slpqin, nslpqin
s.t. something
a related word.
128
es nslpqini S/he is dizzy. nes slpqini, es nslpqini qs nslpqini S/he is going to be dizzy. iqs slpqini, qs nslpqini nslslpqin Each one was dizzy. qe slpqin, p nslpqin es nslslpqini Each one is dizzy. qe es slpqini, pes nslpqini qs nslslpqini Each one is going to be dizzy. qeqs slpqini, pqs nslpqini nslpes, nslpe a little dizzy from alcohol; not quite drunk. es nslpe S/he is little dizzy. nes nslpe, es nslpe si confused. See:confuse. nppqan get knocked out; to be out of the head; dizzy, silly, buzzed. es nppqan S/he is dizzy. nes nppqan, es nppqan
do
do
alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: imitate. alm S/he/it did like (s.o./s.t.). n alm, alm asts S/he did it like s.t./s.o. astn, ast es alms S/he did it like s.t./s.o. astn, ast aists They did it like s.t./s.o. qe astm, astp m astn How should I do it? u ast How did you do it? e u ast This is how you did it. ye e m ast Youll do it like this. astn t se I did it like water. allws, allw hustle around for something; to be able & determined in doing something.
See: busy.
e How is s/he/it? n e, e ei What is s/he/it doing? n ei, ei qs ei What is s/he/it going to do? iqs ei, qs ei eee How are they? qe ee, p ee eeei What are they doing? qe eeei, p eeei qs eeei What are they going to do? qeqs eei, pqs eei ets What did s/he/it do to her/him/it? et eets What did they do to him/her/it? qe etm, etp essts What did s/he/it do with s.t./s.o.? esst, esstn esest What did they do with s.t./s.o.? qe esstm, esstp sewnt asat e Ask your friend how S/he is. qs ei e e What are you going to do Saterday? esst ci ett What did you do with that hide. s.t. something u do, make, fix, work. See: work. ie always; do. See: always. uueist really/truly do something. rt.: un real, true, yes. See: true. qs uueisti S/he is really going to do s.t. iqs uueisti, qs uueisti
do as do like
alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: imitate.
ste u le u a Why did you do it this way? alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: imitate.
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ei es chqi olsqe It seems like it is chinooking outside.
do ones best do what doctor
imist capable and strong, with energy, struggle with all effort at any task; try ones hardest. See: capable. es What did I do?
esst ci ett What did you do with that hide? smalymistn, smaly doctor. prefix: s one who does. t smaly es aanunms The doctor is curing you.
malym doctor. malyemis S/he doctored s.o. malyemn, malyemnt es malyems S/he is doctoring s.o. ies malyem, as malyem as malyem qs malyems S/he is going to doctor s.o. iqs malyem, aqs malyem malyemis They doctored s.o. qe malyemntm, malyemntp es malyems They are doctoring s.o. qe es malyem, es malyemp qs malyems They are going to doctor s.o. qeqs malyem, qs malyemp malyemistn something to doctor with; medicine. malyemnt Doctor s.o. (comm.) em qes malyems S/he will be doctoring. em iqes malyem, em aqes malyem em qes malyems They will be doctoring. em qeqes malyem, em qes malyemp
dodge
plutm dodge/duck away from something. plutm S/he dodged. n plutm, plutm plutm S/he dodged. qe plutm, p plutm plutmis S/he dodged s.t. plutmn, plutmnt es plutms S/he is dodging s.t. ies plutm, as plutm qs plutms S/he is going to dodge s.t. iqs plutm, aqs plutm plutmis They dodged s.t. qe plutmn, plutmntp es plutms They are dodging s.t. qe es plutm, es plutmp qs plutms They are going to dodge s.t. qeqs plutm, qs plutmp plutmi Dodge. (comm.) plutmnt Dodge s.t. (comm.)
doe dog
sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule. uli, u white tail doe. nosin nosi dog. niosin dogs. niosiis His/her dogs. niosiis Their dogs. stinosi big dog. nosi little dog. ssnosmi good dog. ssnosmi bad dog. siiime, siii pup, little dog. suse, su female animal. tunt nosi big dog. es ems t sm innosi grizzly was biting my dog. es titiati innisi My dogs are fighting. n dog lifting leg to urinate. 130
es tani The dog is lifting the leg to urinate.
dogcatcher snem nosi dogcatcher. prefix: s one who does. doggone i darn; doggone; dam; exclamation. See: darn. dogwood tc red osier dogwood. doing atim busy with something. See: busy.
stem u asum What are you doing? See: work.
doll ootee baby doll. dollar nu ululim one dollar.

ululim money, iron.
Dolly Varnden trout

y little bull trout.
ay bull trout, Dolly Varden trout.
Dominick tomni Dominick. done ust, u finish working; done working.

iqm make done; ready. es iyaq Its done. iqs iqm Im going to make it done/ready.
See: finish.
siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell. e iyaq Its already done.
donkey donut
sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule, donkey.
scnccal donuts. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. nalem S/he made donuts. n nalem, nalem es nalei S/he is making donuts. nes nalei, es nalei qs nalei S/he is going to made donuts. iqs nalei, qs nalei iqs nalei Im going to make donuts. nmp, nm door. circumfix np opening. nmqnep top of the door. nmnep back of the door. nmcnep front of the door.
door
nomep gate. circumfix np opening. nyalep gate. circumfix np opening.
Dorothy toloti Dorothy. dot e Dot; little spot; little lump. doubt a uc maybe but doubtful.
a doubt. tmalsm in doubt. es tmalsms S/he is doubting s.o. ies tmalsm, as tmalsm tmalsis S/he doubted what s/he was doing. tmalsmis S/he doubted him/her.
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dough
scnucus dough. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
scnm something thats been mixed. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
Douglas fir cep Douglas fir. Douglas onion seh wild onion; Douglas onion. dove heishe mourning dove.
u rock dove.
down
iut down, low. siut down as a measure. esel suin siut two feet down. t ci iut lower. iut down; to the low. iut underneath, down below. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: under. See: under. niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside.
nat go down river; go down-hill over a long distance. nat S/he/it went down river. n nat, nat es nati S/he/it is going down river. nes nati, es nati qs nati S/he/it is going to go down river. iqs nati, qs nati nat They went down river. qe nat, p nat es nati They are going down river. qe es nati, pes nati qs nati They are going to go down river. qeqs nati, pqs nati welp go down-hill. welp S/he/it went down-hill. n welp, welp es welpi S/he/it is going down-hill. nes welpi, es welpi qs welpi S/he/it is going to go down-hill. iqs welpi, qs welpi ulpusis S/he/it brought s.t. down-hill. ulpusn, ulpusnt es ulpusms S/he/it is bringing s.t. down-hill. ies ulpusm, as ulpusm qs ulpusms S/he/it is going to bring s.t. down-hill. iqs ulpusm, aqs ulpusm ulpusis They brought s.t. down-hill. qe ulpusntm, ulpusntp es ulpusms They are bringing s.t. down-hill. qe es ulpusm, es ulpusmp qs ulpusms They are going to bring s.t. down-hill. qeqs ulpusm, qs ulpusmp n e cwelp I came back down here. oltm, ol go down to the edge the water (often refers to a lake edge). oltm S/he/it went down to the waters edge. n oltm, oltm es olti S/he/it is going down to the waters edge. nes olti, es olti qs olti S/he/it is going to go down to the waters edge. iqs olti, qs olti s.t. something oletm They went down to the waters edge. qe oltm, p oltm (s.t.) something implied es oleti They are going down to the waters edge. qe es olti, pes olti s.o. someone qs oleti They are going to go down to the waters edge. qeqs olti, pqs P.l. Plural R.t. Root word olti comm. Command es ololti Each one is going down to the waters edge. ololti suqpu down-hill; a description. ute down river to another country/land; generally toward the Pacific ocean; west. See: west. 132 qe es ololti, pes Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively
a related word.
coltm S/he/it came down to the waters edge. prefix: c indicating toward the speaker.
ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. See: come down. sipm take something down from up high. See: take. nepmn down; down filling. rt.: ep soft; prefix: n inside; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
downy woodpecker slu downy woodpecker; black and white woodpecker. drag caqs drag something. rt.: cum pull.
caqsis S/he drug something. n caqsn, caqsnt es caqsms S/he is dragging something. ies caqsm, as caqsm qs caqsi S/he is going to drag something. iqs caqsm, aqs caqsm
drain
sim spill, pour something. simnt Drain it. simis S/he drained it. simn, simnt simnt Drain it; flush it. simnt Flush it (comm). simis S/he flushed it. simn, simnt simnt ci sne Flush the toilet. simn ci sne I flushed the toilet.
dragonfly atqi dragonfly. drape slps, sl necklace.

sppla, spplsa, spplsa mans traditional buckskin war shirt.
drapes draw
nistn, ni drapes; curtains; lit. to cover.
iim draw a picture. im S/he drew. n im, im es imi S/he is drawing. nes imi, es imi qs imi S/he is going to draw. iqs imi, qs imi im They drew. qe im, p im es imi They are drawing. qe es imi, pes imi qs imi They are going to draw. qeqs imi, pqs imi intes S/he drew it. inten, inte es ims S/he is drawing it. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to draw it. iqs im, aqs im intes They drew it. qe intem, intep es ims They are drawing it. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to draw it. qeqs im, qs imp ii Draw. (comm.) iint Draw s.t./s.o. (comm.) em em em em em em
s.t. something (s.t.) something im S/he will draw. em n im, em im implied s.o. someone im They will draw. em qe im, em p im P.l. Plural iis S/he will draw it. em iin, em iint R.t. Root word comm. Command iis They will draw it. em qe iintm, em iintp Lit. Literally qes ims S/he will be drawing it. em iqes im, em aqes im Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, qes ims They will be drawing it. em qeqes im, em qes imp See: - Redirection to qe iintm u qe sume Well paint pictures of our medicine power. qeyqeyi a related word.
em scis ie uis Qeyqeyshi did his painting here. iint asii Draw you pattern. iint asii Draw your pattern. qei Cloth. See: pattern.
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est ravine, draw.
dre
dream
nspsuppsm, nspsu dream. nspsu S/he/it dreamt. n nspsu, nspsu es nspsu S/he/it is dreaming. nes nspsu, es nspsu qs nspsu S/he/it is going to dream. iqs nspsu, qs nspsu nspsu They dreamt. qe nspsu, p nspsu es nspsu They are dreaming. qe es nspsu, pes nspsu qs nspsu They are going to dream. qeqs nspsu, pqs nspsu nspsuppsmis S/he/it dreamt about s.o./s.t. nspsuppsmn, nspsusppsmnt es nspsuppsms S/he/it is dreaming of s.o./s.t. ies nspsuppsm, as nspsuppsm qs nspsuppsms S/he/it is going to dream of s.o./s.t. iqs nspsuppsm, aqs nspsuppsm nspsuppsmis They dreamt about s.o./s.t. qe nspsuppsmntm, nspsuppsmntp es nspsuppsms They are dreaming of s.o./s.t. qe es nspsuppsm, es nspsuppsmp qs nspsuppsms They are going to dream of s.o./s.t. qeqs nspsuppsm, qs nspsuppsmp nspsuppsmstmn I dreamt about you. n nspsu t islat I dreamt of my friend. nspsuppsmn u islat I dreamt of my friend. qiis nightmare; bad dream; had a nightmare. See: nightmare. es moyi S/he is having a vision. snpma stare off. See: stare. snap day dream.
dress
sp dress; womans traditional cloth dress.
ita slip for a dress. snacyt, snac dress/shirt. rt.: ac tie; suffix: ...yt shoulder. cnumt wear clothes; put clothes on. See: wear. cnumt S/he put clothes on. n cnumt, cnumt es cnumti S/he is putting clothes on. nes cnumti, es cnumti qs cnumti S/he is going to put clothes on. iqs cnumti, qs cnumti cnumt They put clothes on. qe cnumt, p cnumt es cnumti They are putting clothes on. qe es cnumti, pes cnumti qs cnumti They are going to put clothes on. qeqs cnumti, pqs cnumti es cnumt S/he is dressed. nes cnumt, es cnumt qs cnumt S/he is going to be dressed. iqs cnumt, qs cnumt es cnumt They are dressed. qe es cnumt, pes cnumt qs cnumt They are going to be dressed. qeqs cnumt, pqs cnumt cnumt Put your clothes on. (comm.) cnumtwi All of you put your clothes on. (comm.) tam i t ec u qe es cnumt We werent dressed warm. cmnct, cmncu get ones self dressed/ready. cmnct S/he got dressed/ready. n cmnct, cmnct es cmncti S/he is getting dressed/ready. nes cmncti, es cmncti qs cmncti S/he is going to get dressed/ready. iqs cmncti, qs cmncti cmncut They got dressed/ready. qe cmnct, p cmnct es cmncuti They are getting dressed/ready. qe es cmncti, pes cmncti
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qs cmncuti They are going to get dressed/ready. qeqs cmncti, pqs cmncti cmnct Get dressed/ready. (comm.) cmnctwi All of you get dressed/ready. (comm.) t qe e cmncut qeqs is apqii Then, well be ready again to go celebrate. pencut undress ones self. See: undress.
dresser
of/device.
sncnutn place for clothes; dresser. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means tetem dribble; bounce the ball on the ground. Rt: te hit/bump; prefix:
dribble
surface.
tetentes S/he dribbled it. tetenten, tetentent es tetems S/he is dribbling it. ies tetem, as tetem qs tetems S/he is dribbling it. iqs tetem, aqs tetem
drift
es plimits drifts away in water. pllmet drift on the water. prefix: surface; suffix: et, t liquid. plip It drifted away.
driftwood stu driftwood. drill aemnct, aemnc practice, drill, train, study.
cut action to the self. See: practice.
rt.: em get accustomed; suffix:
drink
sust drink. sust S/he/it drank. n sust, sust es susti S/he/it is drinking. nes susti, es susti qs susti S/he/it is going to drink. iqs susti, qs susti sust They drank. qe sust, p sust es susti They are drinking. qe es susti, pes susti qs susti They are going to drink. qeqs susti, pqs susti sustis S/he/it drank s.t. sustn, sustnt es sustms S/he/it is drinking s.t. ies sustm, as sustm qs sustms S/he/it is going to drink s.t. iqs sustm, aqs sustm sustis They drank s.t. qe sustntm, sustntp es sustims They are drinking s.t. qe es sustm, es sustmp qs sustms They are going to drink s.t. qeqs sustm, qs sustmp ssust someone who drinks. prefix: s one who does. scsust drink. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. snsustn drinking container, a place to drink; cup. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
snsust Drinking partner. prefix: n... gether with. susti Drink. (comm.) sustnt Drink s.t. (comm.) u iqs susti t ni Im going to drink pop again. qe es mpmi u t scsust dying of drink. mtolm take a little sip. nsp empty something; drink up; make dry. See: empty. nsopet, nsope empty the water/liquid. See: empty. wutn alcohol. See: alcohol.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word Were comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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drip
awup drip. es awpmi It is dripping. qs awpmi Its going to drip. awawpus cry; to have tears. See: tears. nawpcin drool; to slobber. See: drool. nawawpaqs Runny nose. See: runny nose.
asas, assss sound of grease dripping on the fire. ssal grease dripping. i asas Grease is dripping and hitting the fire with that sound.
drive
ntmsqe, ntmsq drive a car, wagon, or team of horses. rt.: to straight; prefix:
n inside; suffix: ...sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly referring to horse or car.
ntmsqe S/he drove (a car). n ntmsqe, ntmsqe es ntmsqei S/he is driving. nes ntmsqei, es ntmsqei qs ntmsqei S/he is going to drive. iqs ntmsqei, qs ntmsqei nttmsqa Each one drove. qe nttmsq, p nttmsq es nttmsqaxei Each one is driving. qe es nttmsqaxei, pes nttmsqaxei qs nttmsqaxei Each one is going to drive. qeqs nttmsqaxei, pqs nttmsqaxei ntmsqetn reins. suffix: ...tn means of/device. cam drive back horses; herd horses. See: herd. uslisqe drive horses further. See: herd.
drizzle
nneys drizzle. es nnysi It is drizzling. es nneysi o Its drizzling outside.
nneys rain a little, to drizzle a little. es nnysi It is drizzling a little. es nneysi o Its drizzling a little outside.
drool
nawpcin drool; slobber. rt.: awup drip; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. nawpcin S/he/it drooled. n nawpcin, nawpcin es nawpcini S/he/it is drooling. nes nawpcini, es nawpcini qs nawpcini S/he/it is going to drool. iqs nawpcini, qs nawpcini es nawawpcin Each one of them drooled. qe nawawpcin, p nawawpcin es nawawpcini Each one of them are drooling. qe es nawawpcini, pes nawawpcini qs nawawpcini Each one of them are going to drool. qeqs nawawpcini, pqs nawawpcini ipmim drop something. rt.: iip fall. ipmis S/he dropped s.t. ipmin, ipmint es ipmims S/he is droping s.t. ies ipmim, as ipmim qs ipmims S/he going to drop s.t. iqs ipmim, aqs ipmim ipmis They dropped s.t. qe ipmintm, ipmintp es ipmims They are droping s.t. qe es ipmim, es ipmimp qs ipmims They are going to drop s.t. qeqs ipmim, qs ipmimp ipmintm S.t./s.o. was dropped.
drop
op have something hit. opest drop something while trying to catch it; something hit the hand. 136
opestis S/he dropped s.t. (catching s.t., hit the hand). opestn, opestnt opestis They dropped s.t. (catching s.t., hit the hand). qe opestntm, opestntp
drown
nllt, nll drown, die in the water. nllt S/he/it drowned. n nllt, nllt es nllti S/he/it is drowning. nes nllti, es nllti qs nllti S/he/it is going to drown. iqs nllti, qs nllti
puwetm drown; breath water. puwetm S/he/it drowned. n puwetm, puwetm ntqetm hold someone or something under/in water. ntqetis S/he held s.o. under/in water. ntqetn, ntqetnt es ntqetms S/he is holding s.o. under/in water. ies ntqetm, as ntqetm qs ntqetms S/he is going to hold s.o. under/in water. iqs ntqetm, aqs ntqetm ntqetnt Hold him/her/it under water. (comm.)
drowsy drum
siti sleepy. See: sleepy.
pumin drum. rt.: spus heart; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool. u anpumin Where is your drum. mat u inpumin My drum is broke (frame is broke). ip u inpumin My drum is broke (hide is torn). t e elstisyal u pumin How big is the drum?
sl, s drum; beat a drum. rt.: sim Strick w/ object. See: hit. s S/he drummed. n s, s es s S/he is drumming. nes s, es s qs s S/he is going to drum. iqs s, qs s se They drummed. qe s, p s es se They are drumming. qe es s, pes s qs se They are going to drum. qeqs s, pqs s
drummer sse drummer. prefix: s one who does. drum stick smintn something to hit with. drugs samaqs something used to; something liked (i.e., drugs).
ta qes samaqsmst u eye Dont do drugs. malymistn medicine. See: medicine. aa heal. See: heal. nimn, ni poison. See: poison.
drunk
w drunk/crazy. See: crazy. es wwi S/he is drunk. nes wwi, es wwi es ewi They are drunk. qe es wi, pes wi wutn Alcohol. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
qe es mpmi u t scsust Were dying of drink. See: drink. es nslpe little dizzy; not quite drunk. See: dizzy. nwalqn tip the head. (Also, a saying to be drinking alcohol.) See: tip.
dry
dry something with air. em S/he dried (s.t.). n em, em es ei S/he is drying (s.t.). nes ei, es ei 137
qs ei S/he is going to dry (s.t.). iqs ei, qs ei em They dried (s.t.). qe em, p em es ei They are drying (s.t.). qe es ei, pes ei qs ei They are going to dry (s.t.). qeqs ei, pqs ei eis S/he dried s.t. en, ent es ems S/he is drying s.t. ies em, as em qs ems S/he is going to dry s.t. iqs em, aqs em eis They dried s.t. qe entm, entp es ems They are drying s.t. qe es em, es emp qs ems They are going to dry s.t. qeqs em, qs emp sce something thats dried. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. snmn Dryer. et n sli Then I dried the camas. dry. ip S/he/it got dry. n ip, ip es pmi S/he/it is getting dry. nes pmi, es pmi nip It got dry inside, empty. i a S/he/it is dry. i n a, i a aml dry land. es ip sqet dry meat. nmpcin thirsty; have a dry mouth. See: thirst. namplt dry throat (what happens when you eat chokecheries). es pmi sim The blanket is getting dry. sn drying rack. cqe dry/smoke meat over a fire. See: dry meat. nsp empty something; to drink up; to make dry. See: empty. ye Snag, dead tree, wood dry with age.
dryer
snmn place to dry; dryer. snmn cnutn dryer for clothes. snmn sin dryer for food; dehydrator. snmn siqq dryer for fruit; dehydrator.
sncqe dry meat rack. rt.: cqe dry/smoke meat; prefix: sn a place of. sne drying rack.
dry meat
cqe dry/smoke meat over a fire. cqe S/he dried meat. n cqe, cqe es cqe S/he is drying meat. nes cqe, es cqe qs cqe S/he is going to dry meat. iqs cqe, qs cqe cqe They dried meat. qe cqe, p cqe es cqe They are drying meat. qe es cqe, pes cqe qs cqe They are going to dry meat. qeqs cqe, pqs cqe cqeis S/he dried the meat. cqen, cqent es cqems S/he is drying the meat. ies cqem, as cqem qs cqems S/he is going to dry the meat. iqs cqem, aqs cqem cqeis They dried the meat. qe cqentm, cqentp
138
es cqems They are drying the meat. qe es cqem, es cqemp qs cqems They are going to dry the meat. qeqs cqem, qs cqemp sccqe dried/smoked meat.
done/made/prepared.
rt.: cqe dry/smoke meat; prefix: sc s.t thats been
sncqe rack to smoke and dry meat. rt.: cqe dry/smoke meat; prefix: sn a place of. cntn u m u innon u cqeis. I skinned it and my wife sliced it and dried it. u stes es eli u es cqe Those people sliced and dried meat. em iqs cqm I will dry it. es ip sqet Its dried meat.
dry meat rope drying rack

place of.
si, siien dry meat rope. sncqe rack to smoke and dry meat. rt.: cqe dry/smoke meat; prefix: sn a
sne drying rack.
duck
sesum duck; female mallard. inqn male mallard. lit. green head. stume duckling, gosling. usustu diver (bird); smaller duck. e duck species. lpye duck species. smqni duck species.
plutm dodge/duck away from something. See: dodge.
duck hawk atat falcon; Peregrine falcon; duck hawk. duckling stume duckling, gosling. dumb aqan An insult indicating someone has a soft squishy head.
suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. See: pile.
rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy;
aqan S/he/it is a dumb/splat head. n aqan, aqan aoye jerk. rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy. See: pile. awqn jerk, dumb, stupid; broken head. tqawqn, tqaw dumb, stupid.
dump
natm pour/dump something soft in water (i.e., brains, wet hide, etc.). rt.: a s.t.
soft/squishy; suffix: et, t liquid.
natm S/he/it dumped in the water. n natn, natm es nati S/he is dumping in the water. nes nati, es nati qs nati S/he is going to dump in the water. iqs nati, qs nati natm They dumped in the water. qe natm, p natm es nati They are dumping in the water. qe es nati, pes nati qs nati They are going to dump in the water. qeqs nati, pqs nati natis S/he/it dumped s.t. in the water. natn, natnt es natms S/he is dumping s.t. in the water. ies natm, as natm qs natms S/he is going to dump s.t. in the water. iqs natm, aqs natm natis They dumped s.t. in the water. qe natntm, natntp es natms They are dumping s.t. in the water. qe es natm, es natmp qs natms They are going to dump s.t. in the water. qeqs natm, qs natmp ntnt sw Dump it into the water. (comm.)
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pum pour round objects on a surface. (i.e. berries, rocks, pool balls, etc.) pnts S/he/it poured s.t. pntn, pnt pntes They poured s.t. qe pntm, pntp pnt sn You poured s.t. onto the canvas. (i.e. saq service berries; sa
huckleberries)
pu put/pour round objects. (i.e., berries, rocks, etc.) See: pour. qusm pour something. See: pour. po spill/pour powdered substances. (i.e., salt, sugar, flour, gunpowder, etc.) See: spill. sim spill, pour a liquid. See: spill. snelmn place you abandon things; dump; garbage receptacle. See: abandon.
dumplings dull dusk
scne dumplings. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
scnlq pancakes. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. ililt, ili Its dull. qi dusk (when the sun is already down).
ssosqn, sso sunset. See: sunset. slu evening. See: evening.
dust
so dust. i o Its dusty. ole dusty land. es umncti Theres low visibility from a dust storm or blizzard; (fig., this can be said of someone really dancing up a storm, making dust).
mal dusty; dirty. mals dusty face. mlmalst dusty hands. mlmaln dusty feet. male covered in dust.
dustpan dwell
snnpmin dustpan.
snpmin dustpan. li live in. snlitn place of living, dwelling; home. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. e wis u m m qe li When we finish building the house, well live in it. lwt gathered/standing together. (refers to standing; i.e., people, trees, animals, etc.) See: gather.
E
eagle
pqlqin, pqlqi bald eagle. See: bald eagle.
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mlqnups, mlqnu golden eagle. See: golden eagle. simi immature eagle. ilmsimi chief eagle.
Eagle Pass nes scusi Eagle Pass. ear ne ear. nne ears.
ne big ears. rt.: at wide. ntqtqne plugged ears. snupupne ear hair.
earache
snalne earache. rt.: al ache. snaalne both ears ache. nane S/he had an ear ache. n nane, nane es nanei S/he has an earache. nes nanei, es nanei qs nanei S/he is going to have an earache. iqs nanei, qs nanei naene They had an ear ache. qe nane, p nane es naenei They have an earache. qe es nanei, pes nanei qs naenei They are going to have an earache. qeqs nanei, pqs nanei i early. em i m qe eeit Well go to sleep early. i u n qit t sest I woke up early this morning. e e lip em i m n qit tomorrow Ill wake up early. snacacne earrings. rt.: ac tie; suffix: ene ear. snacne earring. sptptne post earrings. suffix: ene ear. sptne one post earring.
early
earrings
nacacne wear earrings. es nacacne S/he is wearing earrings. nes nacacne, es nacacne nne have pierced ears. rt.: It has a hole; suffix: ene ear. es nne S/he pierced ears. nes nne, es nne
earth
suli ground; earth; land; field. mlmule suli whole earth. nes suli Im working my land. i u ye suli The land is clean.
earthquake yatmule earhquake. rt.: yatt shake; suffix: ule land. earthworm yan angleworm, earthworm. east snlptin east. rt.: alip light up. Easter paqs sla Easter. easy it Its easy.
ittmst Its easily made. ittmsts S/he made s.t. easy. ittmstn, ittmst es tetnms S/he is making it easy. ies tetnm, as tetnm qs tetnms S/he is going to make it easy. iqs tetnm, aqs tetnm itetmn itetmmis
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mi it Its too easy. e un iniuyn u it u e wisten I worked on my car, it was easy so I finished it. e ittmst Oh, you made it easy. simestm make easy. simestm S/he/it made it easy. n simestm, simestm simestmis S/he/it made s.t. easy. simestmn, simestmnt es imestms S/he/it is making s.t. easy. ies imestm, as imestm simestmn I made it easy for s.o. simestmtn I made it easy for them. ha t mil siimestmnt Does it always come easy for you? i pel Its easy/simple. (Spokan word) sese handle something lightly/with ease.
eat
in eat, of an individual. inm S/he/it ate. n inm, inm es ini S/he/it is eating. nes ini, es ini qs ini S/he/it is eating. iqs ini, qs ini iis S/he/it ate s.t. in, int es inms S/he/it is eating s.t. ies inm, as inm qs inms S/he/it is eating s.t. iqs inm, aqs inm iin S/he/it ate a little. n iin, iin intm It was eaten. sin food. sin somebody who eats. prefix: s one who does. enemn someone who always likes eat. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. snintn place to eat. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. ini Eat. (comm.) int Eat it. (comm.) es enlwisi S/he/it is eating here and there. nes enlwisi, es enlwisi es enweisti Theyre eating each other. ie in S/he/it eats. ie n in I eat; I do eat. ie n in t it I do eat strawberries. ies inm apls Im eating apples. me u n iin t sa I ate a little bit of huckleberries. elin eat, of more than one person. elinm They ate. qe elinm, p elinm es elini They are eating. qe es elini, pes elini qs elini They are going to eat. qeqs elini, pqs elini eliis They ate s.t. qe elintm, elintp es elinms They are eating s.t. qe es elinm, es elinmp qs elinm They are going to eat s.t. qeqs elinm, qs elinmp elelin Each one ate; each group ate. u qeqs eini Lets eat. wicinm finish eating; eat it all up. rt.: ue finish; suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. wicinm S/he/it finished eating. n wicinm, wicinm es wicini S/he/it is finishing eating. nes wicini, es wicini qs wicini S/he/it is going to finish eating. iqs wicini, qs wicini wicinm They finished eating. qe wicinm, p wicinm es wicini They are finishing eating. qe es wicini, pes wicini qs wicini They are going to finish eating. qeqs wicini, pqs wicini
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wicinmis S/he/it eating it. wicinmn, wicinmnt es wicinmms S/he/it is finishing eating it. ies wicinmm, as wicinmm qs wicinmms S/he/it is going finish eating it. iqs wicinmm, aqs wicinmm wicinmis They finished eating it. qe wicinmntm, wicinmntp es wicinmms They are finishing eating it. qe es wicinmm, es wicinmmp qs wicinmms They are going to finish eating it. qeqs wicinmm, qs wicinmmp wicinmntm It got ate up. wicinmnt Eat it all up. (comm.) wicinmnt esya asin Eat up all your food. wicinm isin I ate up all my food. e n wicinm Ive already eaten; Im done. ha wicinm Did you finish eating? aqsm, a eat a lot. Rt: it a lot/many. aqsm S/he ate a lot. n aqsm, aqsm es aqsi S/he eating a lot. nes aqsi, es aqsi qs aqsi S/he going to eat a lot. iqs aqsi, qs aqsi mi n a I ate too much. ie aqsm t i S/he always eats a lot of candy. nlane over eat; eat too much. nlane S/he/it ate too much. n nlane, nlane u nlane They ate too much. qe u nlane, p u nlane ewi nlane See, you eat too much. amaliye eat and eat; eat greedily. amaliye S/he/it ate and ate. n amaliye, amaliye es amaliyei S/he/it is eating and eating. nes amaliyei, es amaliyei qs amaliyei S/he/it is going to eat and eat. iqs amaliyei, qs amaliyei ecin eat fast/hurriedly. rt.: ee hurry; suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. ecin S/he ate fast. n ecin, ecin es ecini S/he is eating fast. nes ecini, es ecini qs ecini S/he is going to eats fast. iqs ecini, qs ecini ecin Eat fast. (comm.) n ecin u n wicinm I ate fast and finished eating. maqcan eat fast. maqcanm S/he ate fast. n maqcanm, maqcanm es maqcani S/he is eating fast. nes maqcani, es maqcani qs maqcani S/he is going to eat fast. iqs maqcani, qs maqcani maqcan eat a little, fast; eat a snack. maqcanm S/he snaked. n maqcanm, maqcanm es maqcani S/he is snaking. nes maqcani, es maqcani qs maqcani S/he is going to snack. iqs maqcani, qs maqcani aaqs someone who eats anything. maen eat too much. suffix: ...en within. maen S/he ate too much. n maen, maen es cini S/he/it is grazing/eating. See: graze. es macni (The cow) is eating. See: cow. susm eat marrow. See: marrow. nipm eat something sweet. See: sugar. 143
lum eat supper/dinner. See: supper. estm eat breakfast. See: breakfast. ntoqinm eat lunch. See: lunch. nee crave food. See: crave.
echo
snalqs, snal echos. es nalqsi Its echoing.
snalcn echo; reflecting voice. es nalcni Its reflecting.
eclipse eddie
lspni lunar eclipse.
niet, nie eddie; whirlpool. suffix: et, t liquid. es nieti The water has an eddie.
nle whirlpool. See: whirlpool.
Edward itwl Edward. eel utu eel. egg use egg; eggs.
use small eggs. es npu use boiled eggs. snusetn nest. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. usesm It layed eggs. es usesi It is laying eggs. nep circumfix indicating eggs. snaliep yoke. rt.: ali yellow. mlcnep egg shell. rt.: mil whole. nulpm climbed up to a nest. rt.: iwl climb. See: climb. nepm crack an egg. nepm S/he cracked an egg. n nepm, nepm es nepi S/he is cracking an egg. nes nepi, es nepi qs nepi S/he is going to crack an egg. iqs nepi, qs nepi nepis S/he cracked the egg. nepn, nepnt es nepms S/he is cracking the egg. ies nepm, as nepm qs nepms S/he is going to crack the egg. iqs nepm, aqs nepms es nepi S/he is cracking eggs. nes nepi, es nepi es nepms S/he is cracking the eggs. ies nepm, as nepm nepnt Crack it. (comm.) nepm search for eggs. rt.: eem search. nepm S/he searched for eggs. n nepm, nepm es nepi S/he is searching for eggs. nes nepi, es nepi qs nepi S/he is going to search for eggs. iqs nepi, qs nepi swe u qs nepi t use Who is going to search for eggs? napm fry eggs. rt.: a fry. napm S/he fried eggs. n napm, napm es napi S/he is frying eggs. nes napi, es napi qs napi S/he is going fry eggs. iqs napi, qs napi
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iqs napi t use Im going to fry eggs. es nsinepi S/he is counting eggs. rt.: syen count. nep One egg. neslep Two eggs. elep Three eggs. nmsep Four eggs. nclstep Five eggs. nnstep Six eggs. nsstep Seven eggs. nhenmep Eight eggs. nntep Nine eggs. nupnstep Ten eggs. nep lot of eggs.
eight
hem eight. upn e hem eighteen. hem eight people.
henm prefix indicating five combined with another affix forming a full word. hanmst five days. suffix: ast sky, day. henme five houses. suffix: e house. nhenmep five eggs. circumfix: nep egg. henmsn five rocks. suffix: sn rock. henm prefix indicating five added to a whole word. henmupn fifty; five tens. hanmsqe, clsq five domestic animals or cars. The is dropped when preceding an s. hnmopnstqn eight thousand.
eighty henmupn, henmu eighty. eight hundred hnmnoqn, hnmnoq eight hundred.
el
elbow elder
smusn elbow. smumusan elbows. smusn elbows. pot elder. it old ones. ot parents, elders. otwi S/he became an elder. suffix: ...il, ...wil indicates progression. es otwii S/he is becoming an elder. nes otwii, es otwii es otii S/he is growing up. nes otii, es otii u inililmim u iniot u ppt My elders are my leaders; they are wise. ewl get old. es ewli S/he is becoming old. nes ewli, es ewli ielsqeli first people; elders. es ielwili S/he is becoming an elder. nes ielwili, es ielwili putes ielsqeli Honor the first people/elders.
elderberry electricity
i black elderberry, blue elderberry.
swem lightning, electricity. swem anpaqmn batteries for your flash light.
elephant nsso elephant. rt.: so sneeze. elf sncmasqli, sncmasq little people. (similar to elves, gnomes, or leprechauns)
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eliminate
elm eliminate something physical. rt.: el abandon; prefix: under. elm S/he/it eliminated (s.t.). n elm, elm es eli S/he/it is eliminating (s.t.). nes eli, es eli qs eli S/he/it is going to be eliminating (s.t.). iqs eli, qs eli elm They eliminated (s.t.). qe elm, p elm es eli Theyre eliminating (s.t.). qe es eli, pes eli qs eli Theyre going to be eliminating (s.t.) qeqs eli, pqs eli elis S/he/it eliminated it. eln, elnt es elms S/he/it is eliminating it. ies elm, as elm qs elms S/he/it is going to eliminate it. iqs elm, aqs elm elis They eliminated it. qe elntm, elntp es elms Theyre eliminating it. qe es elm, es elmp qs elms Theyre going to eliminate it. qeqs elm, qs elmp es leli S/he is eliminating (things). nes leli, es leli es lelms S/he is eliminating things. ies lelm, as lelm ell S/he got eliminated. elntm S/he was eliminated. lnuis S/he finally eliminated it. lnun, lnunt selm somebody who eliminates. prefix: s one who does. lemn someone who always eliminates. llemn (pl.) suffix: emn one who
always likes to do.
scel something thats been eliminated. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. snelmn place you eliminate things. eli Eliminate(it). (comm.) els Eliminate it. (comm.) elnt Eliminate it. (comm.) es lmnwei Theyre eliminating each other. qe es lmnwei, pes lmnwei llwisis S/he keeps eliminating s.t. llwisn, llwisnt es nlmelsi S/he is wanting to eliminate (s.t.). nes nlmelsi, es nmelsi e eliminate; wipe away something. rt.: e wipe; prefix: under. m S/he/it eliminated (s.t.). n m, m es i S/he/it is eliminating (s.t.). nes i, es i qs i S/he/it is going to eliminate (s.t.). iqs i, qs i em They eliminated (s.t.). qe m, p m es ei They are eliminating (s.t.). qe es i, pes i qs ei They are going to eliminate (s.t.). qeqs i, pqs i is S/he/it eliminated it. n, nt es ms S/he/it is eliminating it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to eliminate it. iqs m, aqs m eis They eliminated it. qe ntm, ntp es ems They are eliminating it. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to eliminate it. qeqs m, qs mp i eliminate (s.t.). (comm.) nt eliminate it. (comm.) em m S/he/it will eliminate. em n m, em m em em They will eliminate. em qe m, em p m em qes m S/he/it will be eliminating it. em iqes m, em aqes m 146
em qes em They will be eliminating it. mp

(comm.)
em qeqes m, em qes
ta qes m Dont eliminate (s.t.). (comm.) nt inli Eliminate my debt. nptmist eliminate something from ones mind. rt.: neptm forget; suffix: ist action of the
self.
nptmist S/he elimated. n nptmist, nptmist es nptmisti S/he is elimating. nes nptmisti, es nptmisti qs nptmisti S/he is going to eliminate. iqs nptmisti, qs nptmisti nptmist They elimated. qe nptmist, p nptmist es nptmisti They are elimating. qe es nptmisti, pes nptmisti qs nptmisti They are going to eliminate. qeqs nptmisti, pqs nptmisti nptmistmis S/he elimated s.t. n nptmistmn, nptmistmnt es nptmistms S/he is elimating s.t. ies nptmistm, as nptmistm qs nptmistms S/he is going to eliminate s.t. iqs nptmistm, aqs nptmistm nptmistmis They elimated s.t. qe nptmistmntm, nptmistmntp es nptmistms They are elimating s.t. qe es nptmistm, es nptmistmp qs nptmistms They are going to eliminate s.t. qeqs nptmistm, qs nptmistmp nptmistmntm S/he/it was eliminated from s.o.s mind. nptmistmntm nptmistmnt Eliminate it from your mind. (comm.) o nptmistmntm,
Elizabeth elk
elisep Elizabeth. nisep Elizabeth. sne, sn cow elk. snne (pl.) te bull elk. te (pl.) u yearling elk. e young elk. eyit calf elk. el bull elk hide. snel cow elk hide. t u es cuyi ye u sne Where have all these cow elk come from? u te es ams u qmis u es npui The bull elk is grinding his antlers and bugling.
snasq horse. rt.: sne cow elk; suffix: sqe domesticated. See: horse. snami elk teeth. samqn for an animal to rub its antlers on something such as a tree. See: rub. am grind/file on the side of something. See: grind.
Elmer amlo Elmer. Elmo se Elmo. (lit. inlet in the lake). emaciated s thin, skinny, lean, emaciated, hard on the surface.
i s S/he/it is thin. i n s, i s
rt.: as hard.
embarrassed
eeplem embarrassed. rt.: e ashamed; suffix: ple permanence. epleis S/he was embarrassed of s.t./s.o. eplen, eplent es eplems S/he is embarrassed of s.t./s.o. ies eeplem, as eplem
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qs eplems S/he is going to be embarrased of s.t./s.o. iqs eplem, aqs eplem eepleis They was embarrassed of s.t./s.o. qe eplentm, eplentp es eeplems They are embarrassed of s.t./s.o. qe es eplem, es eplemp qs eeplems They are going to be embarrassed of s.t./s.o. qeqs eplem, qs eplemp eplemn someone who is always embarrassing. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. scepleist something that was embarrassing. prefix: sc s.t thats been
done/made/prepared.
e ashamed. See: ashamed.
empty
nmi Theres nothing inside; its empy.
nsp empty something; to drink up; to make dry. nsopnuis S/he emptied s.t. nsopnun, nsopnunt es nsopnunms S/he is emptying s.t. ies nsopnunm, as nsopnunm qs nsopnunms S/he is going to empty s.t. iqs nsopnunm, aqs nsopnunm nsosopnuis They emptied s.t. qe nsosopnuntm, nsosopnuntp es nsosopnunms They are emptying s.t. qe es nsosopnunm, es nsosopnunmp qs nsosopnunms They are going to empty s.t. qeqs nsosopnunm, qs nsosopnunmp nsopnuntm It got drank up. mi snp It just got dry. nsopnuntm u nmip It got drank up and dried up. o nsopnuts inni S/he drank all my pop. tas nsopnunt You didnt drink it all up. nsopet, nsope empty the water/liquid. prefix: n inside; suffix: et liquid. nsopet S/he emptied (s.t.). n nsopet, nsopet es nsopeti S/he is emptying (s.t.). nes nsopeti, es nsopeti qs nsopeti S/he is going to empty (s.t.). iqs nsopeti, qs nsopeti
end
npmus the full extent, to the end. rt.: pim release from. es npmusi Its getting to the end. sat npmusts Speed limit. ste u es i npmus u q temtis sqem Whats the expiration date for using the milk? u npmu Thats the end. ust, u finish working, to be done working. See: finish. hoy Quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, to cease. See: quit. ehoy The end, thats all.
energy
nitn something that makes one capable; energy. See: capable. i i S/he/it is full of energy. i n i, i i
aw have lots of energy. i aw S/he/it has lots of energy. i n aw, i aw
enemy enfold
m enemy.
ewus foe or an opponent such as a person, enemy, or sickness. See: foe. npiem enfold something; to put something in a file. suffix: i covered in. npieis S/he enfolded s.t. npien, npient es npiems S/he is enfolding s.t. ies npiem, as npiem qs npiems S/he is going to enfold s.t. iqs npiem, aqs npiem es npie It is enfolded.
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nie hardcover book; book. suffix: i covered in.
Engelmann spruce ssp, ss spruce. English snuyapcn English. rt.: suypi white person; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth.
nuyapcnm speak English. nuyapcnm S/he spoke English. n nuyapcnm, nuyapcnm es nuyapcni S/he is speaking English. nes nuyapcni, es nuyapcni qs nuyapcni S/he is going to speak English. iqs nuyapcni, qs nuyapcni es nuyapcan S/he only talks English. nes nuyapcan, es nuyapcan es nuyapcan They only talks English. qe es nuyapcan, pes nuyapcan snuyapcnm somebody who speaks English. prefix: s one who does. nuyapcemn someone who always likes to speak English. suffix: emn one who always likes
to do.
ta qes nuyapcnm Dont talk English. ta p qes nuyuyapcnm All of you dont talk English. e es misten snuyapcn I already know English. yonun iqs nsuyapcni I learned English.
enjoy
stmels, stme have fun; enjoy something; enertained. stmelsm S/he/it had have fun. n stmelsm, stmelsm es stmelsi S/he/it is having fun. nes stmelsi, es stmelsi qs stmelsi S/he/it is going to have fun. iqs stmelsi, qs stmelsi stmelsm They had have fun. qe stmelsm, p stmelsm es stmelsi They are having fun. qe es stmelsi, pes stmelsi qs stmelsi They are going to have fun. qeqs stmelsi, pqs stmelsi nstmis S/he/it enjoyed. nstmin, nstmint es nstminms S/he/it is enjoying it. ies nstminm, as nstminm qs stminms S/he/it is going to enjoy it. iqs nstminm, aqs nstminm nstmis They enjoyed it. qe nstmintm, nstmintp es nstminms They are enjoying it. qe es nstminm, es nstminmp qs nstminms They are going to enjoy it. qeqs nstminm, qs nstminmp sstme Each one of them enjoyed (s.t.). em nstminm S/he/it will have fun. em n nstminm, em nstminm em nstminm They will have fun. em qe nstminm, em p nstminm
saqs, sa enjoy food or drinks. saqsm S/he/it enjoyed. n saqsm, saqsm es saqsi S/he/it is enjoying. nes saqsi, es saqsi qs saqsi S/he/it is going to enjoy. iqs saqsi, qs saqsi saqsm They enjoyed. qe saqsm, p saqsm es saqsi They are enjoying. qe es saqsi, pes saqsi qs saqsi They are going to enjoy. qeqs saqsi, pqs saqsi em saqsm S/he/it will enjoy. em n saqsm, em saqsm em saqsm They will enjoy. em qe saqsm, em p saqsm n saqsm t kapi ye tsest Im enjoying my coffee this morning.
enough enter
put Just, exactly, even, enough; right then. See: just.
nu go inside, enter. (sl.) nu S/he/it went inside. n nu, nu es nui S/he/it is going inside. nes nui, es nui 149
qs nui S/he/it is going to go inside. iqs nui, qs nui nu Go inside. (comm.) cnu Come inside. (comm.) num bring an individual person or thing inside. See: bring. numsqe, numsq bring one domestic animal, horse inside. See: bring. n nu sntumi I went into the store. u tisi iuyn Big Blanket went under the car. e cnul u mali Mary came back in. nu ne S/he went into another house. nu ci inee S/he went into another room. qe nu sntumi I went into the store. npil go inside, enter. (pl.) npil They went inside. qe npil, p npil es npili They are going inside. qe es npili, pes npili qs npili They are going to go inside. qeqs npili, pqs npili npilt bring something in. npilis They brought s.t. in. qe npilntm, npilntp npilm bring something inside there. See: bring. nplsqe, nplsq bring domestic animals, horses inside. See: bring. qe npil sntumi We went into the store. nplpil sntumi u sn The coyotes went into the store one by one. e ep sqli u cnpil u u sli There was already people here when the Salish came in. qe npil qecit We went into our house.
entire envy
esy everything, everyone, all. See: all.
mil Complete, whole, all over, all around. See: complete. yust, yu envious; want to be like; wish for something. yust S/he/it was envious. n yust, yust es yut S/he/it is being envious. nes yut, es yut qcqcim seizures; epilepsy. qcqcntem S/he/it had a seizure.
epilepsy ermine escape
ppqe, p weasel, ermine (in winter). rt.: piq white. i weasel, ermine (in summer). nmist, nmi run away; sneak away; leave; escape. R.t.: na steal.; prefix:
under; suffix: ...ist action to the self.
nmist S/he/it escaped. n nmist, nmist es nmisti S/he/it is escaping. nes nmisti, es nmisti qs nmisti S/he/it is going to escape. iqs nmisti, qs nmisti nmist They escaped. qe nmist, p nmist es nmisti They are escaping. qe es nmisti, pes nmisti qs nmisti They are going to escape. qeqs nmisti, pqs nmisti em nmist S/he/it will escape. em n nmist, em nmist em nmist They will escape. em qe nmist, em p nmist
Eskimo altule sqeli Eskimo; cold land people. ethnonyms sqli person, Indian.
sqlqeli people, Indians. sqliule Indian land.
150
e ep sqli u cnpil u u sli There were already people here when the Salish came in. sli Salish, Bitterroot Salish (Self identification term). qemi Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). qayaqn, qa Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). setmcin Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at wide; suffix: et,
t liquid. (Self identification term) t liquid. (Qlispel term)
setmi Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at wide; suffix: et, qlispl, qlisp Kalispel, Lower Pend dOreille. rt.: qal fresh, raw. (Self identification term) snmene Spokan. sicwi Coeur dAlne. sylpet, sye Colville. unaqin, unaqi Okanagan. rt.: wi see; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. sna Southern Okanagan. sipi San Poil. smlqmi Methow. sqls Kootenai. sen, se Blackfeet. rt.: ay black; suffix: ...in, n feet. snlsi Blood. slapa, saptnia Nez Perce. iaqme Yakima. nustaptne, nusta Assiniboine. qqayus Cheyenne. snuwepcn, snuwe Shoshoni. snuwepcn, snuwe Lemi band of the Shoshoni. sltlnu, nu Sioux. nu Cree. stemiistn, stemi Crow. ayiint Mountain Crow. oi Navajo. lleptn, lle Pueblo. altule sqeli Eskimo. spay, spay Mexican. usi Chinese. apni Japanese. ys Black (African-American). suypi white people. (This term is used to describe Caucasian people; generally it refers to people who
not Native American. The term is also used to describe the English language.) See: white people.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, are See: - Redirection to a related word.
seme French. llta Canadian. snopseli German. 151
nutn Italian.
Evaro snin Evaro. (lit. small clearing on hill top). Evaro Hill snupm Evaro Hill. (lit. coming to the clearing). eve against; eve. (The eve of some day/event is seen as being against the day coming.) even put just, exactly, even, enough; right then. See: just evening slu evening.
est slu good evening. lum eat supper/dinner. See: supper.
See: against.
lu go out of sight around an obstacle. (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building, etc.) See: disappear. em qe slu It will get evening on us. ssosqn, sso sunset. See: sunset.
evening grosbeak ntnqs evening grosbeak, black-headed grosbeak, pine grosbeak. every time al every time.
alst, al everday. suffix: ast sky, day. alspent every year. alnuist go through something over and over. al n sust t kapi e n sit Everytime I drink coffee, I get sleepy. put u qe te u alnuist Again were going through this time.
everything esy everything, everyone, all. See: all. everyone esy everything, everyone, all. See: all. evident i wnwi Its plainly visible; evident; apparent; very clear; its obvious. evil ye, evil.
ye S/he/it is mean. n ye, ye ye sin.
See: plain.
exactly excellent
put just, exactly, even, enough; right then. See: just
ammt excellent, really good. ammt u ascu Your work is excellent. napa ammt Really excellent! eyws, ey trade. See: trade.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to who a related word.
exchange
tumi buy. See: buy. tumistmnwe buy from each other; exchange.
excite
psap excited/nervous. psap S/he/it got excited. n psap, psap es pspmi S/he/it is excited. nes pspmi, es pspmi qs pspmi S/he/it is going to get excited. iqs pspmi, qs pspmi pspsamn someone who always gets excited/nervous. pspsmu The individual that always gets excited nervous. suffix: mu the individual
always does.
pspast excited, full of energy. psmsot S/he got ones self excited. n psmsot, psmsot 152
pspma anxious; nervously anticipating. See: anxious. ta qes psap Dont get excited. u e ta o es psap If I dont get excited. t mil u pspsal S/he is always excited. u pspast u sccmet Those children are full of energy. yepn pspast annumn You culture is full of energy. psascn talk excitedly. psascn S/he talked excitedly. n psascn, psascn es psascni S/he is talking excitedly. nes psascni, es psascni qs psascni S/he is going to talk excitedly. iqs psascni, qs psascni mpim overly excited; to be out of control. rt.: im dark. es mpim S/he is overly excited. nes mpim, es mpim
exclamation
ucue Oh thats right!
hayo male exclamation. eni female exclamation. enu female exclamation of pain. hoy Boy! Gee! hoy es lemti Gee, s/hes happy. e gee.always/again. e es susti t kapi Gee, youre always drinking coffee! e e emut Gee, youre sitting again! i darn; doggone; dam; exclamation. See: darn.
excrement
, excrement; defecate; feces. See: defecate. sntn, sn Toilet. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. ssqe horse feces. iqs is i Im going go poop. scum steer feces. umi An expression of politeness roughly translated to please or excuse me. See:
excuse
please.
exhausted
pict exhausted, tired. pict S/he got exhausted. n pict, pict es picti S/he is exhausted. nes picti, es picti qs picti S/he is going to be exhausted. iqs picti, qs picti pcus look exhausted. suffix: us face, fire. es pcusi S/he/it looks exhausted. nes pcusi, es pcusi npcels act/want exhausted. circumfix: nels want, feel. es npcelsi S/he/it is acting exhausted. nes npcelsi, es npcelsi
ilmnaqs Exhausted, played out.
expensive ntnaqs expensive, costs a large amount. explain e explain, tell, show.
ets S/he/it explained to s.o. etn, et es etms S/he/it is explaining to s.o. ies etm, as etm qs etms S/he/it is going to explain to s.o. iqs etm, aqs etm eyets They showed s.o. qe eltm, etp es eetms They are explaining to s.o. qe es etm, es etmp qs eetms They are going to explain to s.o. qeqs etm, qs etmp
153
setwe somebody who tells (stories). prefix: s one who does. et show, tell, explain! (comm.) ie teach. See: teach . nip tattle. See: tattle. iiim tell a story/news. See: tell. es etweisti Theyre showing each other. qe es etweisti, pes etweisti ta qeqs ce ie sic es otii Those who are growing up right now wont have this knowledge. we etn Well I showed, told, explained. we e Well I told, showed, explained. o et u i t Tell me straight, tell me the truth. ta ies nunenem u ase I dont believe what you explained. ha iqs etm Should I show you.
expiration
npmus the full extent; the end. See end. ste u es i npmus u q temtis sqem Whats the expiration date for using the milk.
See: put out.
extinguish eps extinguish a fire; turn off a light or electrical appliance. eye sus eye. sus eyes.
s circumfix indicating a spherical object such as eyes. ttnus big eyes. rt.: tunt big. iliyals round eyes. rt.: yal round. i piqs white of the eye. rt.: piq white. i pqpiqs white eyes. rt.: piq white. i paqs bum eye, grey eye, burned eye. rt.: pa faded. i pqpqaqs white eyes, cateraks. rt.: pa faded. i as black of the eyes. rt.: a black. i iays black color of eyes. rt.: a black. i iays black eyes (from getting hit). rt.: a black. i lils bloodshot eyes, pink eye. rt.: il red. i yuyus sharp eyes, good sight. rt.: sisyus smart. i sis hazy eyes, blurry eyes, poor sight. i is seeing spots, lights; seeing double. rt.: i spark. es plplus cross eyes. rt.: pli red. i nin green or blue eyes. rt.: in green. pus clean/clear eye. rt.: u clean. quqaupus have an itchy eyes. See: itch.
pipiis have happy eyes; to have flirty eyes; to have a gleem in the eye. See: happy. smmas have gummy eyes. See: awake. os Crazy/silly eyes. rt.: e crazy. See: crazy. momotus have smoke in the eyes. rt.: mot smokey. See: smoke. lles have mean eyes. rt.: le angry. See: angry. i lles I have mean eyes. i n lles, i lles pu lles You all have mean eyes. nposntm His/her/its eyes got gummed up. o nposntm My eyes got gummed up es nqin blind. See: blind. i i seeing spots or stars from getting hit. 154
ipus something fell/got into the eye. iipus (pl.) ipus something fell/got into the his/her eye. n ipus, ipus i ipus something is in his/her eye. i n ipus, i ipus us get poke in the eye. usis S/he poked s.o.s eye. usn, usnt qs usms S/he is going to poked s.o.s eye. iqs usm, aqs usm usntm S/he was poked in the eye. o usntm, usntm ncut ine usntm Take care of yourself you might get poked in the eye.
eyebrow
cpy, p eyebrow. pcpey eyebrows. ustn, u eyeglasses. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes; suffix: ...tn supupus, supupu eyelash. rt.: upu hairy; circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. Please write in this book any Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write them in this book. Lemlmt Tachini
means of/device.
eyeglasses eye lash
F
face
sus face. sus faces. s, us suffix indicating face. mals dusty/dirty face. i mals You have a dirty face. i n mals, i mals ils have a red face. ils S/he has a red face. n ils, ils esm wash the face. See: wash. aosm look at a face. See: look. mism paint the face. See: paint. aysm make the face black. See: paint.
nuuys sour face; the face you get when you eat something sour.
ntals face toward some direction. suffix: us face. s.t. something ntalsm S/he/it faced toward (s.t.). n ntalsm, ntalsm (s.t.) something implied es ntalsi S/he/it is moving to face toward (s.t.). nes ntalsi, es ntalsi s.o. someone qs ntalsi S/he/it is going to move to face toward (s.t.). iqs ntalsi, qs ntalsi P.l. Plural R.t. Root word ntalusm They faced toward (s.t.). qe ntalsm, p ntalsm comm. Command es ntalusi They are moving to face toward (s.t.). qe es ntalsi, pes ntalsi Lit. Literally qs ntalusi They are going to move to face toward (s.t.). qeqs ntalsi, pqs Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, ntalsi See: - Redirection to es ntals S/he/it is facing toward (s.t.). nes ntals, es ntals es ntalus They are facing toward (s.t.). qe es ntals, pes ntals ntalsmis S/he/it faced toward s.t./s.o. talsmn, ntalsmnt 155
a related word.
es ntalsms S/he/it is facing toward s.t./s.o. ies ntalsm, as ntalsm qs ntalsms S/he/it is going face toward s.t./s.o. iqs ntalsm, aqs ntalsm ntalusmis They faced toward s.t./s.o. qe ntalsmntm, ntalsmntp es ntalusms They are facing toward s.t./s.o. qe es ntalsm, es ntalsmp qs ntalusms They are going face toward s.t./s.o. qeqs ntalsm, qs ntalsmp ntalsis S/he/it faced s.o. toward s.t./s.o. ntalsn, ntalsnt ntalusis They faced s.o. toward s.t./s.o. qe ntalsntm, ntalsntp nttalusm Each one faced toward (s.t.). qe nttalsm, p nttalsm ntalsi Face toward (s.t.). (comm.) ntalswi All of you face toward (s.t.). (comm.) ntalusmnt Face toward s.o./s.t. (comm.) cntalsi Face here toward me. (comm.) o ntalusmnt Face toward me. (comm.) ntalsnt Face s.o. toward s.t.. (comm.) es ntalsmnwei They are facing each other. ntalsmnwei
qe es ntalsmnwei, pes
em ntalsm S/he/it will face toward (s.t.). em n ntalsm, em ntalsm em ntalusm They will face toward (s.t.). em qe ntalsm, em p ntalsm n ntalsm nalptin I faced toward the east. es cntals u iniuyn My car is facing me.
face down
tule, tu face down. tuleis S/he put s.t./s.o. face down. tulen, tulen es tulems S/he is putting s.t./s.o. face down. ies tulem, as tulem qs tulems S/he is going to put s.t./s.o. face down. iqs tulem, aqs tulem es tule S/he/it is face down. nes tule, es tule qlule fall face down.
fade
pa faded; pale; gray. i pa Its faded; its pale. i pas The face is pale. es pam fades. npaps faded pants. i pa ululim silver. lit. faded metal. e i p fade.
fail faint
tas nuis S/he didnt complete it. See: accomplish. mpqin faint; get a dark head; black out. rt.: im dark. mpqin S/he fainted. n mpqin, mpqin es mpqini S/he is fainting. nes mpqini, es mpqini qs mpqini S/he is going to faint. iqs mpqini, qs mpqini
about to faint or pass out. rt.: im dark.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word was comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
mpste out of it. This term refers to loosing control due to being excited or angry, as if the person ha qs mpste Are you going to faint? nppqan get knocked out; out of the head; dizzy, silly, buzzed.
See: dizzy.
lelil have the appearance of dying. (i.e., to fall from becoming unconscious, as in fainting, etc.) 156
ei iqs lelil Its like Im going to faint.
fairy slipper
smm eis fairy slipper flower; womens shoe.
ssn shoe; fairy slipper flower.
falcon atat falcon; Peregrine falcon; duck hawk. fall tu fall down.
tu S/h/it fell down. n tu, tu es tmi S/he/it is falling down. nes tmi, es tmi qs tmi S/he/it is going to fall down. iqs tmi, qs tmi tu Fall down. (comm.) es ttuli S/he is really sick; laying down sick for along time. iip fall from something. iip S/he/it fell. n iip, iip es ipmi S/he/it is falling. nes ipmi, es ipmi qs ipmi S/he/it is going to fall. iqs ipmi, qs ipmi iip They fell. qe iip, p iip es ipmi They are falling. qe es ipmi, pes ipmi qs ipmi They are going to fall. qeqs ipmi, pqs ipmi ipmim drop something. See: drop. sipm take something down from up high. See: take. e u n iip t nwist I should have fallen from that high place. nipmt fall into the water. nipmt S/he/it fell in the water. n nipmt, nipmt es nipmti S/he/it is falling in the water. nes nipmti, es nipmti qs nipmti S/he/it is going to fall in the water. iqs nipmti, qs nipmti nipmet They fell in the water. qe nipmt, p nipmt es nipmeti They are falling in the water. qe es nipmti, pes nipmti qs nipmeti They are going to fall in the water. qeqs nipmti, pqs nipmti esipmt waterfall. ipus something fell/got into the eye. See: eye. nlp fall into someplace. nlp es no fall into a hole. noopses words falling into place, saying the right things. sqqi, sqqi fall over backward. sqqi S/he fell over backward. n sqqi, sqqi ie sqqi You might fall over. qlule fall face first. qlule S/he fell face first. n qlule, qlule ie qlule You might fall face first. sqqule fall backward onto the ground. nsppmnule fall hard on the side onto the ground. qmmin They all fell down. sicmi stoop. 157
ci fall down of something that stands. (i.e. tree, post, house, etc.) cci Each one fell over. a es ccsmi Maybe they fell over. tmwal cliff/rocks fell/slid down. ntmwal Rocks fell/slid from the side of a cave. tmpmi Rocks caved in/fell from under. ntemnule land on feet then crumble to the ground. rt.: te hit/bump. See: bump temist flop down. rt.: te hit/bump. See: bump. o tapqntm It fell on my head. See: bump. mca collapsed. See: collapse.
Fall time
se fall time, Autumn. ale every Fall. es enuisti, es enui Its again the time of Fall. suffix: nu in the time of. u ssi sqeli ie esya e ep sneytin aley e iim u sneytiis The people long ago all had Fall hunting places; every Fall they would move to their Fall hunting place.
false tam un not true. false hellsbore, sneeze root sss sneeze root; false hellsbore. false solomns seal nnp, nn mint; false solomns seal. family nusm family. lit. One fire.
naqsus one band of one family. stes family or a group of people. sneli one people/family/tribe.
fan far
amin fan; cooling device. rt.: a cool; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool. lut far. lut distant. sm lut farthest. lule place far away. lu go far. lu S/he went far. n lu, lu es lmi S/he is going far. nes lmi, es lmi qs lmi S/he is going to go far. iqs lmi, qs lmi lu They went far. qe lu, p lu es lmi They are going far. qe es lmi, pes lmi qs lmi They are going to go far. qeqs lmi, pqs lmi lstes S/he brought it far away. lsten, lste es lums S/he is bring s.t. far. ies lum, as lum qs lums S/he is going to bring s.t. far. iqs lum, aqs lum lstes They brought it far away. qe lstem, lstep es lums They are bring s.t. far. qe es lum, es lump qs lums They are going to bring s.t. far. qeqs lum, qs lump listemn someone who like to go far. 158
lstes They are far apart. (emotionally) lstelis They are far apart. (physically) llwis Travel far. lut u incit My house is far away. lste Move it far away. lut t cits S/he/it is far away from her/his/its house. lstumn I brought you far. lmistmncn I brought you far. e u elslut u ancit How far away is your house? tenule place far away.
fart
um fart. um S/he/it farted. n um, um es umi S/he/it is farting. nes umi, es umi qs umi S/he/it is going to fart. iqs umi, qs umi um They farted. qe um, p um es umi They are farting. qe es umi, pes umi qs umi They are going to fart. qeqs umi, pqs umi su fart. isu, asu, sus il farting around. aie farting all the time. uumu stink bug. uwetm fart in the water. uwetm S/he farted in the water. n uwetm, uwetm es uweti S/he is farting in the water. nes uweti, es uweti qs uweti S/he is going to fart in the water. iqs uweti, qs uweti uwetm They farted in the water. qe uwetm, p uwetm es uweti They are farting in the water. qe es uweti, pes uweti qs uweti They are going to fart in the water. qeqs uweti, pqs uweti numels want to fart. circumfix: nels want. numels S/he wanted to fart. n numels, numels es numelsi S/he is wanting to fart. nes numelsi, es numelsi qs numelsi S/he is going to want to fart. iqs numelsi, qs numelsi sunct fart while straining. e um ie pu u asu When you fart it stinks. n iip u n sunct I fell and farted.
fast
aip go fast, hurry. (on foot, by car, or on horseback) ap S/he/it went fast. n ap, ap es apmi S/he/it is going fast. nes apmi, es apmi qs apmi S/he/it is going to go fast. iqs apmi, qs apmi aip They went fast. qe ap, p ap es apmi They are going fast. qe es apmi, pes apmi qs apmi They are going to go fast. qeqs apmi, pqs apmi apsts S/he/it made s.t. go fast. apstn, apst es apims S/he/it is making s.t. go fast. ies apim, as apim qs apims S/he/it is going to make s.t. go fast. iqs apim, aqs apim apstes They made s.t. go fast. qe apstem, apstep es apims They are making s.t. go fast. qe es apim, es apimp qs apims They are going to make s.t. go fast. qeqs apim, qs apimp apcnmistm S/he talked fast. n apcnmistm, apcnmistm es apcnmi S/he is talking fast. nes apcnmi, es apcnmi
159
qs apcnmi S/he is going to talk fast. iqs apcnmi, qs apcnmi apcnmistm They talked fast. qe apcnmistm, p apcnmistm es apcnmi They are is talking fast. qe es apcnmi, pes apcnmi qs apcnmi They are going to talk fast. qeqs apcnmi, pqs apcnmi aaypu someone that goes fast. ha aip Did you go fast? apsts u iuyis S/he made his/her car go fast. hoy qe es apcnmi Boy, Im talking fast. (my mouth is going fast) t fast, rapid. et water rapid. suffix: et, t liquid. sim t fastest. tsqe fast horse. wamist Go fast. (comm.) See: hurry. au sound of going fast; to go fast. i au S/he/it went like the wind. i n au, i au
fasten fat
a neck button; top button.
n, cinch. ct fat. sct grease, lard. n t sct S/he mixed the grease. mus cct nmmqe Four fat bears. mu cct m four fat enemies. cts It has big belly. lw father of a male. mst father of a female. tam we es iti u inst My father really wasnt sleeping. sa father-in-law. wsten step father. ot god father. scsuy foster father of male. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scmst foster father of female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
father
father-in-law sa father-in-law. faucet snettn faucet. favorite ntin favorite place.

mtin favorite person (s.o. that is depended on). u anntin Where is your favorite place? smnsct favorite person. ismnsct My favorite person.
fawn fear
spapi, papi fawn. nl fear. See: afraid.
slt fawn in fall; young deer after six months.
e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous. 160
ssusm, ssu startle. See: startle in afraid for. See: afraid.
feast feather
stisyamncut big gathering. sqpuse, sqpu feather, wing. sqpuses tisi Big Blankets feather. ilesyp Red-Feather, a chief of the Salish. lpe feather plume. nepmn down; down filling.
instrument/tool.
rt.: ep
stisntoqin big lunch.
soft; prefix: n inside; suffix: ...min, mn
February sqn spni February (month of the cold). feed etm feed.
etm S/he fed. n etm, etm es eti S/he is feeding. nes eti, es eti qs eti S/he is going to feed. iqs eti, qs eti etm They fed. qe etm, p etm es eti They are feeding. qe es eti, pes eti qs eti They are going to feed. qeqs eti, pqs eti ests S/he fed s.o. estn, est es etms S/he/it is feeding s.o. ies etm, as etm qs etms S/he/it is going to feed s.o. iqs etm, aqs etm ests They fed s.o. qe estm, estp es etms They are feeding s.o. qe es etm, es etmp qs etms They are going to feed s.o. qeqs etm, qs etmp es eeti S/he is feeding and feeding. nes eeti, es eeti es eetms S/he/it is feeding and feeding s.o. ies eetm, as eetm etmnt Feed him/her/it. (comm.) estm S/he was fed. etmncn I fed you. emtmncs S/he fed you. qe etmst You fed us. inn es st How many are you feeding? inn u as etm How many are you feeding? qs etms u sccmet S/he is going to feed the children. einm feed animals. einm S/he fed. n einm, einm es eini S/he is feeding. nes eini, es eini qs eini S/he is going to feed. iqs eini, qs eini einm They fed. qe einm, p einm es eini They are feeding. qe es eini, pes eini qs eini They are going to feed. qeqs eini, pqs eini einis S/he fed it. einn, einnt es einms S/he is feeding it. ies einm, as einm qs einms S/he is going to feed it. iqs einm, aqs einm einis They fed it. qe einntm, p einntp es einms They are feeding it. qe es einm, es einmp qs einms They are going to feed it. qeqs einm, qs einmp seinm somebody who feeds animals. prefix: s one who does. 161
einnt Feed the animals. (comm.) ies einm t supule Im feeding the animals hay. aisqe, aisq feed horses/domestic animals. suffix: ...sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly
referring to horse or car.
aisqe S/he fed. n aisqe, aisqe es aisqei S/he is feeding. nes aisqei, es aisqei qs aisqei S/he is going to feed. iqs aisqei, qs aisqei aisqae They fed. qe aisqe, p aisqe es aisqaei They are feeding. qe es aisqei, pes aisqei qs aisqaei They are going to feed. qeqs aisqei, pqs aisqei saisqe somebody who feeds horses/domestic animals. prefix: s one who does.
feel
enwenm feel/sense. enwis S/he sensed s.t. enwn, enwnt enwnm t es ili I am aware of something getting up. tmenwen have no feeling. es enwncti She is feeling/sensing of ones self; starting labor. snenwncut feelings. scenwn something thats been sensed/felt. nenunm feel a presence. nenuis S/he felt a presence. nenun, nenunt es nenunms S/he is feeling a presence. ies nenunm, as nenunm nenenemn someone who always feels presences. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. n ist lil i im emt u nenun te ste I walked in the woods. It was dark. Then I felt a presence. nnecinm feel a voice/presence. tec touch. See: touch.
feelings
snenwncut feelings.
nls circumfix indicating want, need, feelings. uplsm, up lonesome, to miss someone. See: lonesome. npiyls feel happy. See: happy. nipels have hurt feelings. See: hurt feelings. naymls have bad feelings; to have inner anger. See: detest. nmnsels feel loved/liked. See: love. nsels pleased; to have good feelings. See: pleased. nsmslscut feel good within ones self. See: good.
feet
suuin feet. eynumen little feet. numen little foot. ntes S/he grabbed s.o.s feet. See: grasp.
Felicite fellow
plisiti Felicite. sn prefix indicating the one/thing something is done/being together with. The is
lost when preceding an s. See: with.
snsqeli fellow people; fellow human being. snli fellow people. 162
snsqltmi fellow man. snsmem fellow woman. snsi sibling; brother, sister, cousin.
felt
enwenm feel/sense. tecis touch or feel. See: anxious.
female
smm woman. smmem women, girls. ssm wister (of male). smm little women.
utm girl up to age of puberty. pepi women folk. suse, su female animal.
fence
so fence; field fence. rt.: ooom strung across. es o It is fenced in. omntn fencing material; fence. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
osqe construct a fence for domectic animals. osqe S/he made a fence. n osqe, osqe es osqei S/he is making a fence. nes osqei, es osqei qs osqei S/he is going to make a fence. iqs osqei, qs osqei
fern p lady fern. ferruginous hawk lli mu ferruginous hawk. fetch wt fetch something that is not in sight.
wetm S/he fetched. n wetm, wetm es weti S/he is fetching. nes weti, es weti qs weti S/he is going to fetch. iqs weti, qs weti wetm They fetched. qe wetm, p wetm es weti They are fetching. qe es weti, pes weti qs weti They are going to fetch. qeqs weti, pqs weti wetis S/he fetched s.t. wetn, wetnt es wetms S/he is fetching s.t. ies wetm, as wetm qs wetms S/he is going to fetch s.t. iqs wetm, aqs wetm wetis They fetched s.t. qe wetntm, wetntp es wetms They are fetching s.t. qe es wetm, es wetmp qs wetms They are going to fetch s.t. qeqs wetm, qs wetmp
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone ha e u wtm t sin Would you go get some food? wti t sin Get some P.l. Plural R.t. Root word food. nes weti t ululim Im going after money. ies wetm u ululim Im going after comm. Command money. o weti ni Get me a pop. uy wetnt Go and get it. weti t mm Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively Go get a toy. o wett Go get me (something that was done before). wetnt anmm i.e., That is, Get your toy. t en u wtnt asim Where did you get your blanket from. ha e u See: - Redirection to a related word.
wet Go fetch (s.t.). (comm.) wetnt Go get s.t. (comm.)
o wtt sin Would you go get some food for me? ste as wetm What are you getting? utsqe, utsq fetch domestic animals, horses.
163
utsqe S/he/it fetched. n utsqe, utsqe es utsqei S/he/it is fetching. nes utsqei, es utsqei qs utsqei S/he/it is going to fetch. iqs utsqei, qs utsqei utsqe They fetched. qe utsqe, p utsqe es utsqei They are fetching. qe es utsqei, pes utsqei qs utsqei They are going to fetch. qeqs utsqei, pqs utsqei cnem fetch something that is within the immediate area; lit. to go take something and bring it back here. rt.: nem take; prefix: c ward the direction of speaker. cis S/he/it fetched s.t. cn, cnt es cnems S/he/it is fetching s.t. ies cnem, as cnem qs cnems S/he/it is going to fetch s.t. iqs cnem, aqs cnem ceis They brought s.t. here. qe cntm, cntp es cnems They are fetching s.t. qe es cnem, es cnemp qs cnems They are going to fetch s.t. qeqs cnem, qs cnemp cits S/he got it for s.o. citn, cit cent Bring it here. (comm.) qe celt Get s.t. for us. (comm.) e cnt Bring it back here. o cet inne Fetch my keys for me. iqs cnem ci snsustn Im going to go get the cup and bring it here. t atwen u cis Tony got it. itam u cen I got the wrong one. e o cet Get one for me too. cqom gather and bring things here. (the plural form of cnem) See: gather. nmu, mu Str. rt. sound made when getting water, to indicate the motion getting water. nmulm S/he got water. n nmulm, nmulm es nmuli S/he is getting water. nes nmuli, es nmuli qs nmuli S/he is going to get water. iqs nmuli, qs nmuli nmulm They got water. qe nmulm, p nmulm es nmuli They are getting water. qe es nmuli, pes nmuli qs nmuli They are going to get water. qeqs nmuli, pqs nmuli nmulis S/he got water. nmuln, nmulnt es mulms S/he is getting water. ies mulm, as mulm qs mulms S/he is going to get water. iqs mulm, aqs mulm nmulis They got water. qe nmulntm, nmulntp es mulms They are getting water. qe es mulm, es mulmp qs mulms They are going to get water. qeqs mulm, qs mulmp em mulm S/he will get water. em n mulm, em mulm em mulm They will get water. em qe mulm, em p mulm em qs mulms S/he will be getting water. em iqs mulm, em aqs mulm em qs mulms They will be getting water. em qeqs mulm, em qs mulmp mulmn container to get water. nmuli Get water. (comm.) nmulnt Get water. (comm.) muli Get water. (comm.) mul Get water. (comm.) nmuli, aly Go get water, Harriet! prefix indicating to go after something. es seni S/he is going after rocks. es snp S/he is going after bread. 164
ululim go after money. See: money. es seni S/he is going after rocks. snp go after bread. See: bread. lu go after wood. See: wood. llscut person who fetches things.
few
m few, barely, not much. mi u me t splqe u in Only a little bit of sausage you ate. uet, u few, less, little bit. mi u uet only a little bit.
fi
field
suli ground; earth; land; field. iqs ilwisi iscu Im going to be in the field (for work); I going to travel around for my work.
fierce-looking fifty fight
tam cqotm fierce looking.
nllutm scary. rt.: nel afraid. clupn, clu fifty. tiyt, tiy fight. tiyt S/he fought. n tiyt, tiyt es tiyti S/he/it is fighting. nes tiyti, es tiyti qs tiyti S/he/it is going to fight. iqs tiyti, qs tiyti tiyat They fought. qe tiyt, p tiyt es tiyati They are fighting. qe es tiyti, pes tiyti qs tiyati They are going to fight. qeqs tiyti, pqs tiyti tiyis S/he/it fought s.o./s.t. tiyn, tiynt es tiyms S/he/it is fighting s.o./s.t. ies tiym, as tiym qs tiyms S/he/it is going to fight s.o./s.t. iqs tiym, aqs tiym tiyais They fought s.o./s.t. qe tiyntm, tiyntp es tiyams They are fighting s.o./s.t. qe es tiym, es tiymp qs tiyams They are going to fight s.o./s.t. qeqs tiym, qs tiymp es tititi S/he/it is fighting over and over. nes tititi, es tititi es titims S/he/it is fighting s.o. over and over. ies titim, as titim stiyt somebody that fight. prefix: s one who does. titemn someone who always likes to fight. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. tiyl Fight. (comm.) tiynt Fight s.o. (comm.) ntiyais S/he/it fought with s.o./s.t. prefix: n gether with. es ntiyati S/he/it is fighting with (s.o./s.t.). prefix: n gether with. es titncti S/he/it is fighting ones self. nes titncti, es titncti tiit You fought for s.o. witn esl sm es titi I saw two grizzly bears fighting. es titi u innisi My dogs are fighting. fight, verbally or physically, ones spouse. 165
m S/he beat ones spouse. n m, m es i S/he beating ones spouse. nes i, es i qs i S/he going to beat ones spouse. iqs i, qs i sm somebody who fights their spouse. prefix: s one who does. iqs ai innon I going to fight my wife. qs ai aselwi You are going to fight you husband. sm You are a wife-beater. scnmnwist, scnmnw quarrel; to say bad words to each other. See: quarrel. upmnwe charge each other. See: charge. mstwe all over each other. rt.: mil complete; suffix: ...we action to each other.
fighter
stiyt somebody who fights. prefix: s one who does. titemn someone who always likes to fight. suffix: emn one who always likes to do.
See: confuse.
figure out sllim confused; unable to figure something out. file mn file. suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
m grind/file something. See: grind.
npiem enfold something; to put something in a file. suffix: i covered in. See: enfold.
file cabinet snelmn imin place to store paper. filing drawer snelmn imin place to store paper. fill t filled full. See: full. filly su little female animal; filly. finally a indicates finality.
a u pnun I finally got it clean. a u anun I finally got it scraped. a u slnun I finally got him/her naked.
fine
est good. n e Im fine. put e S/he/it is just right; enough; fine; okay. See: just wi Str. rt., see, find; to come into view. See: see. ust, u finish working; done working. ust S/he/it finished. n ust, ust es usti S/he/it is coming to the end. nes usti, es usti qs usti S/he/it is going to come to the end. iqs usti, qs usti
find finish
em look for; search; find. See: search.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural ustmis S/he/it finished s.t. ustmn, ustmnt R.t. Root word comm. Command ustmis They finished s.t. qe ustmntm, ustmntp Lit. Literally olitn u u I helped till it was finished. em olitn m u I will help till its Fig. Figuratively finished. ha ust Are you done? u u n ust Im not finished yet. ustmn i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to u iscu I finished my work. a related word.
ucn finish talking. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. ucn S/he/it finished talking. n ucn, ucn 166
wis finish. wists S/he/it finished s.t. wistn, wist es uims S/he/it is finishing s.t. ies uim, as uim qs uims S/he/it is going to finish s.t. iqs uim, aqs uim wistes They finished s.t. qe wistm, wistp es uims They are finishing s.t. qe es uim, es uimp qs uims They are going to finish s.t. qeqs uim, qs uimp es witems S/he/it is finishing s.t. ies witem, as witem qs witems S/he/it is going to finish s.t. iqs witem, aqs witem es witems They are finishing s.t. qe es witem, es witemp qs witems They are going to finish s.t. qeqs witem, qs witemp qe winumt We finished it. winuis S/he finaly finished it. winun, winunt em n wis nim I will finish cutting. e wis lum After dinner; when dinner is finished. em qe wis wm m sic qe ein We will finish praying, and then we can eat. e wis nt When youre finished scraping it. e wis ent m ssumst When you finish wringing it, you stretch it. e n wis in Ive already eaten; Im done. ha e wist Did you finish it? aan u wisten I read it and finished it. iqs wiltem Im going to finish s.t. of his. wicin finish eating. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. wicinm S/he/it finished eating. n wicinm, wicinm wicinm They finished eating. qe wicinm, p wicinm wicinmis S/he ate it all up. wicinmn, wicinmnt wicinmis They ate it all up. qe wicinmntm, wicinmntp ha wicinm Did you finish eating? wisqe finished with a horse. suffix: ...sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly referring to horse or
car.
wisqe S/he is finished his/her horse. n wisqe, wisqe hoy quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, cease. See: quit. lip stop. See: stop. mqnmist come to the end of ones ability; give up. See: give up.
finger
sist finger. sist fingers. (pl.) rt.: i protrude; suffix: est hand.
sumst thumb. rt.: um lightly suck. See: suck. syulst middle finger; thumb; thick finger. rt.: yult thick in girth. See: girth. sqoqinst ring finger. suffix: est hand. stotinst little finger. suffix: est hand. omn pointer finger. omn (pl.) Rt. o point; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
finger nail Finley Creek Finley Point fir
qi finger nail; claws. nqpu nits Finley Creek. smple Finley Point.
nccesn place near Finley Point. lit. place with small rocks. manip alpine/subalpine fir. 167
cep Douglas fir. silq grand fir.
fire
soli fire, flame. oi S/he made a fire. n oi, oi es oi S/he is making a fire. nes oi, es oi qs oi S/he is going to make a fire. iqs oi, qs oi snoi place of fire; stove; engine. us suffix indicating fire. tnus big fire. sulsm somebody who takes care of fire. prefix: s one who does. cqaus, cqau set in the fire; to make coffee. See: set. ncmnusm throw in the fire. See: throw. nemtus sit by the fire. See: sit. sles fire whirlwind. See: whirlwind. nusm lay long objects in a fire. rt.: in lay. nusis S/he laid it in the fire. nusn, nusnt es nusms S/he is laying it in the fire. ies nusm, as nusm qs nusms S/he is going to lay it in the fire. iqs nusm, aqs nusm nusnt t iit m e qnt t anqp Lay alders in the fire, then stack on your ferns. ulip burn up; to catch fire. ululip (pl.) ulip S/he/it burned. n ulip, ulip es ulpmi S/he/it is burning. nes ulpmi, es ulpmi qs ulpmi S/he/it is going to burn. iqs ulpmi, qs ulpmi ulip They burned. qe ulip, p ulip es ulpmi They are burning. qe es ulpmi, pes ulpmi qs ulpmi They are going to burn. qeqs ulpmi, pqs ulpmi ulntes S/he/it lit/burned s.t. ulnten, ulnte es ulpims S/he/it is lighting/burning s.t. ies ulpim, as ulpim qs ulpims S/he/it is going to light/burn s.t. iqs ulpim, aqs ulpim ulntes They lit/burned s.t. qe ulntem, ulntep es ulpims They are lighting/burning s.t. qe es ulpim, es ulpimp qs ulpims They are going to light/burn s.t. qeqs ulpim, qs ulpimp ululntes Each one of them lit a fire. qe ululntem, ululntep ulusnt Lit it up. sulip It burned good. snulpes It started to burn good. nulpses It burned in half. ulpal The wood burned on the outside. ulip catch fire from underneath. ululip (pl.) prefix: ... under. ulip S/he/it caught fire. n ulip, ulip es ulpmi S/he/it is burning. nes ulpmi, es ulpmi qs ulpmi S/he/it is going to burn. iqs ulpmi, qs ulpmi ulip They caught fire. qe ulip, p ulip es ulpmi They are burning. qe es ulpmi, pes ulpmi qs ulpmi They are going to burn. qeqs ulpmi, pqs ulpmi
168
ulntes S/he/it lit s.t. underneath. ulnten, ulnte es ulpims S/he/it is lighting s.t. underneath. ies ulpim, as ulpim qs ulpims S/he/it is going to light s.t. underneath. iqs ulpim, aqs ulpim ulntes They lit s.t. underneath. qe ulntem, ulntep es ulpims They are lighting s.t. underneath. qe es ulpim, es ulpimp qs ulpims They are going to light s.t. underneath. qeqs ulpim, qs ulpimp t uusnt as Then make a fire under your rocks. olpcn, ol build a fire for a Sweat. olpcn S/he made a Sweat fire. n olpcn, olpcn es olpcni S/he is making a Sweat fire. nes olpcni, es olpcni qs olpcni S/he is going to make a Sweat fire. iqs olpcni, qs olpcni olepcn They made a Sweat fire. qe olpcn, p olpcn es olepcni They are making a Sweat fire. qe es olpcni, pes olpcni qs olepcni They are going to make a Sweat fire. qeqs olpcni, pqs olpcni sole somebody who makes fire for a sweat. prefix: s one who does. olpcni Make a Sweat fire. (comm.) olenenis S/he started the fire on top. nol Make fire from under. n olpcn iqs nolmi I made a Sweat fire to heat up the rocks. nolm heat up rocks. nolm S/he heated up rocks. n nolm, nolm es nolm S/he is heating up rocks. nes nolm, es nolm qs nolm S/he is going to heat up rocks. iqs nolm, qs nolm nolim They heated up rocks. qe nolm, p nolm es nolmi They are heating up rocks. qe es nolm, pes nolm qs nolmi They are going to heat up rocks. qeqs nolm, pqs nolm aap grass/timber caught fire. es aapmi The grass/forest is burning; its a forest fire. qs aapmi The grass/forest is going to burn; its going to be a forest fire. aapule The land is burned up. saap somebody who makes grass/timber fires. prefix: s one who does.
firefly fireman
does.
awisi, auye, ai firefly (it flashes). spsm somebody who put out fires; fireman, firefighter. prefix: s one who np, np fireweed, blooming Sally. lu wood.
fireweed firewood
sue pitch wood. s, s get firewood. See: get.
fireworks
li firworks. (describes how it looks)
aapsqe firecracker. (describes the sound) amnscu something lit up (i.e. fire works, lightning, falling star). aast lights in the sky. suffix: ast sky, day.
169
first
itmist, it first, ahead. it S/he/it was first. n it, it es iti S/he/it is first. nes iti, es iti qs iti S/he/it is going to be first. iqs iti, qs iti it They were first. qe it, p it es iti They are first. qe es iti, pes iti qs iti They are going to be first. qeqs iti, pqs iti itstes S/he put s.o./s.t. first. itsten, itste itstes They put s.o./s.t. first. qe itstem, itstep es siti S/he/it is a little ahead. nes siti, es siti itm S/he became first. n itm, itm itstem S/he/it was put first. itemn someone who always likes to be first; someone that tries to be first. suffix: emn
one who always likes to do.
itmasqe leader; first to volunteer; first to be there. suffix: sqe, sqeli people. See:
leader.
sitet, itmilt the eldest child. suffix: et, t child, baby.. iscuti Be first. (comm.) itmis Put it first; allow s.o. to be first. (comm.) iscut put ones self first. itmscut put ones self first; to want to be first. es itmscuti S/he is wanting to be first. nes itmscuti, ses itmscuti es it You go first. pes it You folks go first. es it They go first. oye u iqs iti I will go first. we nes it I was first. es netpe es it qeyqeyi They followed each other, Qeyqeyshi in the lead. hoy u itm It came to be s/he/it was first. is iscuti Go be first. (comm.) olisten I helped s.o. be first. mlit S/he/it is always first.
fish
qye, q fish. q S/he fished. n q, q es q S/he is fishing. nes q, es q qs q S/he is going to fish. iqs q, qs q qe They fished. qe q, p q es qe They are fishing. qe es q, pes q qs qe They are going to fish. qeqs q, pqs q n q I fished a little. sq somebody who fishes, fisherman. prefix: s one who does. q fishing pole. syo fish trap. syot, syo fish trap. snqet fish trap; fish net. sew fish. ewm The fish swam. es ewi The fish is swiming. qs ewi The fish is going to swim.
170
snsewtn aquarium. cmstet fish jumping out of the water. rt.: cminm throw; suffix: et, t liquid. es cmsteti sew The fish is jumping out of the water. tatmist fish out of water; fish flopping around out of water. es tatmisti It is flopping around. pis rainbow trout. ay bull trout. y little bull trout. smi, smi salmon. lne longnosed sucker, Columbia large-scaled sucker. sas small mouth sucker. n, squaw fish. u Whitefish. nli grayling (fish). upupci black bullhead fish. stt slimy muddler, slimy sculpin. slwe salmon species. iups lake trout. nte fish species. enn fish species. mene fish species. ccicn fish species. utu eel.
Fish Creek
np place near Alberton, a town within Salish and Pend dOrielle aboriginal territory.
fish eggs, roe n roe; fish eggs. fisher seyn fisher. fisherman sq somebody who fishes; fisherman. fish hawk i fish hawk, osprey. fish-hook lqne fish hook.
qne bait.
fishing line
q ome fishing line. omple something hanging off of something. suffix: ple permanence. q fishing pole.
fishing pole
q ome fishing line. cqmnqne cast line.
fist fit five
mlst fist. rt.: mal balled object; suffix: ...est hand. lmlamist throw a fit; have a temper tantrum. See: wiggle. cil five. upn e cil fifteen. cilcl five people. cil sns nickel.
171
clst prefix indicating five combinded with another affix forming a full word. clstst five days. suffix: ast sky, day. clste five houses. suffix: e house. nclstep five eggs. circumfix: nep egg. clstsn five rocks. suffix: sn rock. cl prefix indicating five, with whole word. clupn fifty, five tens. clsqe, clsq five domestic animals or cars. The is dropped when preceding an s. clopnstqn five thousand.
five hundred clnoqn, clnoq five hundred. fix u do, make, fix. See: make.
un I fixed it. nes ui iuyn Im fixing the car. n lwi un nm I was persistent, determined, able in fixing the door. lee fix a bed.
fl
flag flame flash
scac flag. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. sla eagle feather staff. soli fire, flame. See: fire.
sulip something that burned up. See: fire. i shiny, flashy, sparkely. i i Its shiny. in water over ice (shiny surface). mn something brightens up; flashlight. rt.: pa shine; suffix: ...min, mn
flashlight flat
instrument/tool.
mn something that glows; flashlight. rt.: red-hot glow. i flat, even, smooth. i i Its flat. ile flat land. i ile The land is all even. i ie sea, lake, water all even, calm. oc flatten, smash. ocis S/he/it flatten s.t. ocn, ocnt ocis S/he/it flatten s.t. qe ocntm, ocntp ocntm S/he/it was flattened. ocntm sa t iuyn The turtle was flattened by the car. a smooth texture.. See: smooth.
Flathead Indian
sli Salish, Bitterroot Salish (Self identification). 172
qemi Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). qayaqn, qa Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). setmcin Upper Pend dOreille. rt.: at wide; suffix: et, t liquid. sqli people, Indian.
Flathead Lake
et Flathead Lake. suffix: et, t liquid.
stili big Lake.
Flathead River ntet, nte Flathead River; the river. flat land sile flat land; even land. rt.: i flat. See: flat. flat tire pan flat tire.
pan S/he has a flat tire. n pan, pan pan They have a flat tire. qe pan, p pan lpin tire blow out. lpin S/he had a tire blow out. n lpin, lpin
suffix: et, t liquid.
flea ips flea. flesh sqet meat; flesh. flick nmim flick with the finger; smut; place a bet down. See: smut. flicker ll flicker, red-shafted flicker, northern flicker. flint olo flint. flip nocqay flip over on feet.
nocqay S/he flipped over. n nocqay, nocqay i up It flipped/turned over
flip off flirt float
nlos action showing disdain toward someone. See: disdain. slstwe They are flirting with each other, acting goofy with each other. suffix: ...we
action to each other.
lap float in a vessel; row. (i.e., boat, canoe, raft, etc.) lap S/he floated away. n lap, lap es lapmi S/he is floating away. nes lapmi, es lapmi qs lapmi S/he is going to float away. iqs lapmi, qs lapmi tspis u n lap Yesterday I floated (sailed).
pip float. tet float. suffix: et, t liquid.
flood
et over flow the banks; to flood. es eti Its flooding. et u mpule It flooded over the banks and flowed over the land.
es mpulei It flooding; it is overflowing onto the land. See: overflow.
floor
lep floor.
qep flooring (i.e. ceder, blankets, reeds, hide, etc.). 173
Florence uus Florence. flour sca something thats been ground; flour.
done/made/prepared. See: grind.
rt.: a grind; prefix: sc... s.t thats been
flower
se flower. es emi Its flowering up. eule flowered land; flowers all over.
seule flower on the ground. eulem The land flowered up. es eulei The land is flowering up. seep flower in a tree; blossom, bloom. See: bloom. seepm The tree blossoms came out. es eepi The tree blossoms are coming out. mep bud. lqin when buds first open up. rt.: lip it came open. semp stem of a flower.
fluctuate fluke flush
su water fluctuates, goes up and down. ie su The water goes up and down. nc fluke. sim drain/pour from under; flush. rt.: si pour; prefix: ... under. See: pour siis S/he flushed it. sin, sint es sims S/he is flushing it. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he is going to flush it. iqs sim, aqs sim sint Drain it; flush it. (comm.) sint ci sne Flush the toilet. sin ci sne I flushed the toilet.
pp Flush the toilet. (comm.)
flute flute. flutter all flutter/shake. fly mtn housefly.

tnq horsefly.
See: shake.
plpulsts u umtn S/he killed lots of flies. n sle t matn I killed two flies. ut fly. ut S/he/it flew. n ut, ut es uti S/he/it is flying. nes uti, es uti qs uti S/he/it is going to fly. iqs uti, qs uti ut They flew. qe ut, p ut es uti They are flying. qe es uti, pes uti qs uti They are going to fly. qeqs uti, pqs uti utn Airplane. suffix: ...tn means of/device. tene Flying over. utenenc ancit u t mlqnu The eagle flew over your house. u mlqnu? es tlwisi Where is the eagle? It is flying around. 174
utm fly toward something. utmis It flew toward it. utmis ci se u matn The fly flew toward the flower. ee Each on of the birds lifted off to fly. e The birds lifted off to fly.
flying squirrel supp horthern flying squirrel. fly-swatter smintn fly-swatter. rt.: sim hit; suffix: ...mintn ol.
pulsts mtn t smintn S/he killed the fly with a fly-swatter.
foam
pos foam.
us foam. ns beer. ssm foamberry, buffalo berry, soap berry.
foamberry, buffalo berry ssm - foamberry. foe ewus foe or an opponent such as a person, enemy, or sickness.
ewusis S/he became s.o.s foe. ewusn, ewusnt es ewusms S/he is becoming s.o.s foe. ies ewusm, as ewusm qs ewusms S/he is going to become s.o.s foe. iqs ewusm, aqs ewusm ewses They become foes. qe ewses, p ewses es ewsesi They are becoming foes. qe es ewsesi, pes ewsesi
fog fold
shemip fog. es hempmi o Its foggy outside. ul fold/roll up. lul (pl.) ulis S/he folded s.t. uln, ulnt es ulms S/he is folding s.t. ies ulm, as ulm qs ulms S/he is going to fold s.t. iqs ulm, aqs ulm ulis They folded s.t. qe ulntm, ulntp es ulms They are folding s.t. qe es ulm, es ulmp qs ulms They are going to fold s.t. qeqs ulm, qs ulmp es lulms S/he is folding and folding things. ies lulm, as lulm es ul It is folded. ulntm It was folded. ulnt Folded it. (comm.) li wrap. suffix: ...i covered in. See: wrap. si cigarette. See: cigarette. es nenei S/he is folding a pillow. et ulnt Then you fold it up. ha ulnt Did you fold it? pesm fold/bend something; bend something from the middle. pesm S/he folded. n pesm, pesm es pesi S/he is folding. nes pesi, es pesi qs pesi S/he is going to fold. iqs pesi, qs pesi pesm They folded. qe pesm, p pesm es pesi They are folding. qe es pesi, pes pesi qs pesi They are going to fold. qeqs pesi, pqs pesi pesis S/he folded s.t. pesn, pesnt 175
es pesms S/he is folding s.t. ies pesm, as pesm qs pesms S/he is going to fold s.t. iqs pesm, aqs pesm pesis They folded s.t. qe pesntm, pesntp es pesms They are folding s.t. qe es pesm, es pesmp qs pesms They are going to fold s.t. qeqs pesm, qs pesmp es ppesi S/he is folding things. nes ppesi, es ppesi follow atpm, atp follow. atp S/he/it followed. n atp, atp es atp S/he/it is following. nes atp, es atp qs atp S/he/it is going to follow. iqs atp, qs atp atpa They followed. qe atp, p atp es atpa They are following. qe es atp, pes atp qs atpa They are going to follow. qeqs atp, pqs atp ewtpis S/he/it followed s.o./s.t. ewtpn, ewtpnt es ewtpms S/he/it is following s.o./s.t. ies ewtpm, as ewtpm qs ewtpms S/he/it is going to follow s.o./s.t. iqs ewtpm, aqs ewtpm ewtepis They followed s.o./s.t. qe ewtpntm, ewtpntp es ewtepms They are following s.o./s.t. qe es ewtpm, es ewtpmp qs ewtepms They are going to follow s.o./s.t. qeqs ewtpm, qs ewtpmp ewtpnt Follow s.o./s.t. (comm.) es atp u tisi pyel Big blanket followed Pierre. ies ewtmpm Im following you. ect late, lagging behind. ecetwi S/he/it kept getting behind.
food
sin food. isin, asin, siis
samqs habitual food. smw leftover things. smaw leftover food. ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. ymscin favorite food. inymscin, anymscin, ymscis squmcn leftover food you take with you for later. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. sipcin food that has fallen or was dropped. rt.: iip fall. es ipcini food is falling from his/her mouth. nes ipcini, es ipcini ipcin little food fell from his/her mouth. ccupcn crumbs from the mouth. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. es ccupcni crumbs are falling from his/her mouth. nes ccupcni, es ccupcni nalaltcin, nalaltci ask for food. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. es nalaltcini S/he is asking for food. nes nalaltcini, es nalaltcini snalaltcin food thats asked for. anmsqe, anmsq oats; horse food. Rt. in eat; suffix: sqe domestic animal;
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally mainly Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nee crave food. See: crave.
fool
psay fool, foolish. psay S/he/it is foolish. n psay, psay 176
a qe u psay Maybe we were foolish. i e ye ta es pusncu spms S/he was really acting like a jerk, s/he had no sense in his/her thinking.
foolish
ssmsct do something foolish. ssmsct S/he/it did s.t. foolish. n ssmsct, ssmsct es ssmscti S/he/it is doing s.t. foolish. nes ssmscti, es ssmscti qs ssmscti S/he/it is going to do s.t. foolish. iqs ssmscti, qs ssmscti
npscut, npscu act as Coyote; to be foolish; to mimic others actions just because they are doing it. rt.: snep coyote; suffix: cut action to the self. npscut S/he acted like Coyote. n npscut, npscut es npscuti S/he is acting like Coyote. nes npscuti, es npscuti qs npscuti S/he is going to act like Coyote. iqs npscuti, qs npscuti
fool hen sis fool hen, Franklins grouse, spruce grouse. foot suin foot. suuin feet.
numen small feet. snamqn tip of foot. snminn bottom of foot. nnan stink feet. nnan S/he/it had stink feet. n nnan, nnan es nnani S/he/it has stink feet. nes nnani, es nnani qs nnani S/he/it is going to have stink feet. iqs nnani, qs nnani clsuln cold feet. clsuln S/he/it had cold feet. n clsuln, clsuln es clsulni S/he/it has cold feet. nes clsulni, es clsulni qs clsulni S/he/it is going to have cold feet. iqs clsulni, qs clsulni
for
for. for that. imi u absolutely; for sure; of course; its obvious. See: absolute. enplem forbid. suffix: ple permanence. enepleis S/he forbid s.t. eneplen, eneplent
forbid
mq forbid; prevent. es mqms S/he is forbidding s.o. to go. ies mqm, as mqm eem keep someone in line; correct behavior; forbid bad behavior; prevent misdeeds; make someone behave. See: discipline. ta no, not. See: no. emtupsm keep someone from doing something; hold someone back. rt.: emut sit;
ups, ps butt, tail. See: hold back.
forecast
sacnu weather forecast.
es acnui S/he is forcasting weather. nes acnui, es acnui
forest nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket. forest fire aap grass/timber caught fire. See: fire.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied someone suffix: s.o. Plural P.l. R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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forget
npt forget. nptmis S/he/it forgot s.t./s.o. neptmn, neptmnt es nptms S/he/it is forgeting s.t./s.o. ies neptm, as neptmn qs nptms S/he/it is going to forget s.t./s.o. iqs neptm, aqs neptmn neptmis They forgot s.t./s.o. qe nptmntm, nptmntp es neptms They are forgeting s.t./s.o. qe es nptm, es nptmp qs neptms They are going to forget s.t./s.o. qeqs nptm, qs nptmp nptmn someone who always forgets. neptmnt Forget it. (comm.) ta qes neptmnt Dont forget it. (comm.) ta qes neptmst Dont forget about it. (comm.) ta qes neptmt Dont forget for s.o. (comm.) nptmncn I forgot you. ta qs neptmn I wont forget. n nptmn Im forgetful, I forget things all the time. nptmn Youre forgetful. nptmn isme u inpmn I forgot my my cigarettes and matches. neptmn u sests I forgot his/her name.
forehead smsn forehead. fork epcintn, epci fork. rt.: um pick up; suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth; suffix:
...tn means of/device.
smi pitchfork. See: pitchfork.
fort smitu fort (for defense). Fort Benton mlta Fort Benton; lit. mud house. Fort Missoula spulstwe Fort Missoula.
smln Mountain near Ft. Missoula.
Fort Owen npu Fort Owen. forty msupn, msu forty. forward issam move forward.
issam S/he/it moved forward. n issam, issam es issaisti S/he/it is moving forward. nes issaisti, es issaisti qs issaisti S/he/it is going to move forward. iqs issaisti, qs issaisti issam They moved forward. qe issam, p issam es issaisti They are moving forward. qe es issaisti, pes issaisti qs issaisti They are going to move forward. qeqs issaisti, pqs issaisti issami Move forward.(comm.) amim move something. See: move.
foster daughter scsm foster daughter. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. foster elder sister scie foster elder sister. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. foster father scmst foster father of a female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
scew foster father of a male. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
foster mother
sctu foster mother of female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. 178
scsuy foster mother of male. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
foster parents sct foster parents. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. foster younger sister scccu foster younger sister. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
made.
foster relative
scie foster elder sister. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scmst foster father of a women. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. sct foster parents. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scqc, scqqce foster older brother of a female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scss foster son. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. mus four. mus s four rabbits.
four
mus prefix indicating four combinded with another affix forming a full word. most four days. suffix: ast sky, day. mus four days. suffix: e house. mus four rocks. suffix: sn rock. nmsep four days. circumfix: nep egg. mus, mu four people. prefix: people. suffix: alst a most three or four days. ms prefix indicating four add to a full word. msupn, msu forty. mssqe, mssq four domestic animals. The is dropped when preceding an s.
four hundred fox aa fox.
msnoqn, msnoq four hundred.
fr
fraction
snttes something thats divided. sntes something divided; half. nu elsnttes one third, 1/3; one of three divided things. nu mssnttes one fourth, 1/4; one of four divided things. nu clsnttes one fifth, 1/5; one of five divided things. nu nsnttes one sixth, 1/6; one of six divided things. nu ssnttes one seventh, 1/7; one of seven divided things. nu henmsnttes one eighth, 1/8; one of eight divided things. nu ntsnttes one ninth, 1/9; one of nine divided things. nu upnsnttes one tenth, 1/10; one of ten divided things.
nu elule one of three or 1/3. (This is in reference to area.) See: area.
Frances pleswe Frances. Francis plasi Francis. Frank plasi, plenk Frank. Franklins grouse solu fool hen, Franklins grouse, spruce grouse. free pim release; free from something; remove something. See: release.
179
freeze
nimp freeze (as, water).
imusm It froze in there. sut freeze. es suti S/he/it is cold/freezing. nes suti, es suti nsulqs frozen nose. ut froze. es uti S/he/it is froze. nes uti, es uti es ati when the water keeps freezing over the ice. in water over ice.
freezer
snutn place to freeze, freezer. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snumn freezer. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
snsulmn fefrigerator. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
French fresh
seme French. seme nuwewltn French language. suffix: ...tn means of/device. qil fresh.
qal fresh, not dry (plants). i qal Its fresh.
Friday friend
clstast, clsta Friday, the fifth day past Sunday. suffix: ast sky, day. e clstast Friday; lit. again the fifth day past Sunday. st friend, partner. sat (pl.)
qpnctn friend to death. ltes close friend. (In the past close friends would join arm in arm when they met) rt.: slat friend;
s middle, center.
ltemn someone who always likes to be friendly. suffix: emn one who always likes to do.
fright
in afraid of getting hurt. (i.e. falling, etc.) See: afraid.
nlm afraid/scared of something. See: scare. e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous. ssusm, ssu startle. See: startle.
frog
maye, ma frog. a little frog. it ma many frogs. e ta ep ma There are no frogs.

sna toad. qqaqs, qqa tadpole.
front
mimels in the front. smimels front side. mimels te m tnte Put the bull elk in the front. swe u asmimels Who is in front of you?
smast, sma front. 180
frost
syt frost. sit es yti It is frosting. syle frost on the ground.
es umusi It is very cold. s frost, coldest. sqn spni February.
frost bite froze
sut get frost bite. sut S/he got frost bite. n sut, sut sult freeze solid. es sulti It is becoming frozen. es slsulti Each one is becoming frozen. sulis S/he froze s.t. suln, sulnt es sulms S/he is freezing s.t. ies sulm, as sulm qs sulms S/he is going to freeze s.t. iqs sulm, aqs sulm nsulqs Frozen nose. slsuln His/her foot fell asleep. n slsuln, slsuln
ut freezing; to have frost bite. es uti S/he/it is freezing. nes uti, es uti es uun His/her feet are frost bitten. nes uun, es uun es uust His/her hands are frost bitten. nes uust, es uust es uuene His/her ears are frost bitten. nes uuene, es uuene imusm feel really chilled. imusm S/he got really chilled. n imusm, imusm nimp the water froze over. es nimpisti The water is freezing over. at freeze a little. An indication of this state is when water keeps freezing over the the top of ice. es ati It is freezing a little. in water over ice.
fruit siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell. frustrated yemsist, yem despaired, frustrated, troubled, worried; have a block; have a
dilemma. See: despair.
fry
m, fry something. am S/he fried (s.t.). n am, am es ai S/he is frying (s.t.). nes ai, es ai qs ai S/he is going fry (s.t.). iqs ai, qs ai am They fried (s.t.). qe am, p am es ai They are frying (s.t.). qe es ai, pes ai qs ai They are going fry (s.t.). qeqs ai, pqs ai ais S/he fried s.t. an, ant es ai S/he is frying s.t. ies am, as am qs ai S/he is going fry s.t. iqs am, qs am ais They fried s.t. qe antm, antp es ams They are frying s.t. qe es am, es amp qs ams They are going fry s.t. qeqs am, qs amp
181
sam somebody who frys. prefix: s one who does. amn someone who always frys. sca something thats been fried. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. snmn Frying pan. amn Remains of s.t. thats been fried i Fry (something). (comm.) nt Fry something. (comm.) napm fry eggs. See: egg. nalem make frybread. t cni u ais u lo S/he fried the bacon. iqs i t us Im going to fry eggs. em n nalem I will make frybread.
frybread
scnle frybread, bread thats been fried. rt.: a fry; prefix: sc s.t thats been
done/made/prepared.
nlem make frybread. nlem S/he made frybread. n nlem, nlem es nlei S/he is making frybread. nes nlei, es nlei qs nlei S/he is going to make frybread. iqs nlei, qs nlei nalem They made frybread. qe nlem, p nlem es nalei They are making frybread. qe es nlei, pes nlei qs nalei They are going to make frybread. qeqs nlei, pqs nlei em n nalem I will make frybread.
frying pan snmn place to fry; frying pan. full t filled full.
eistm It was filled by someone. nsin inp t kapi u ct I filled my cup full of coffee. eistm ci p t s somebody filled the bucket with huckleberries. nee u t st You are full of good. men, me full from eating. men S/he got full. n men, men es meni S/he is full. nes meni, es meni ha men Are you full? aqsm, a eat a lot. See: eat.
fun
nstminm, stminm enjoy something. es nsmelsi S/he is having fun. nes nsmelsi, es nsmelsi es nsmelstni ies nsmelsnm S/he is enjoying s.t. ies nsmelsmm S/he is enjoying s.t. nstminm S/he/it had fun. n nstminm, nstminm es nstmini S/he/it is having fun. nes nstmini, es nstmini qs nstmini S/he/it is going to have fun. iqs nstmini, qs nstmini nstminm They had fun. qe nstminm, p nstminm es nstmini They are having fun. qe es nstmini, pes nstmini qs stmini They are going to have fun. qeqs stmini, pqs stmini nstmis S/he/it enjoyed s.t./s.o. nstmin, nstmint es nstminms S/he/it is enjoying s.t./s.o. ies nstminm, as nstminm qs nstminms S/he/it is going to enjoy s.t./s.o. iqs nstminm, aqs nstminm
182
nstmis They enjoyed s.t./s.o. qe nstmintm, nstmintp es nstminms They are enjoying s.t./s.o. qe es nstminm, es nstminmp qs nstminms They are going to enjoy s.t./s.o. qeqs nstminm, qs nstminmp em nstminm S/he/it will have fun. em n nstminm, em nstminm em nstminm They will have fun. em qe nstminm, em p nstminm es stmei They are having fun. e sust t nos e u nte stme When you drink beer you think youre having fun.
funeral ltmtmn funeral. funiture nqmnscut furniture. funny stmels, stme have fun; enjoy something; be enertained. fur spum fur (animal). fur coat spumlqs fur coat. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. furry future
i ppue Its furry. suffix: i covered in. tpiste future, some day.
See: enjoy.
suptslqs fur coat, hairy coat. rt.: upu hairy; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
G
Gabriel gallon gallop
kaply Gabriel. nu ilwi one gallon. spqsmi gallop. es pqsmi It is galloping. nes pqsmi, es pqsmi
Please write in this book any Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write them in this book. Lemlmt Tachini
gamble
ccim gamble. ccim S/he gambled. n ccim, ccim es ccmi S/he is gambling. nes ccmi, es ccmi qs ccmi S/he is going to gamble. iqs ccmi, qs ccmi ccim They gambled. qe ccim, p ccim es ccmi They are gambling. qe es ccmi, pes ccmi qs ccmi They are going to gamble. qeqs ccmi, pqs ccmi
ncepist take the place of someone in gambling. es ncepisti S/he took the place of s.o. nes ncepisti, es ncepisti
gambling loss salip lose in gambling. See: lose. game memsctn game. suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: play.
ieu tqlse animal signs. (a childrens game) icqle hoop game. (a childrens game) ilmintn hoop game sticks.
183
weluqs card game played frequently during powwows.
garage
of/device.
sniuntn car repair shop; garage. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means scel something thats been thrown away (i.e., people, child, spouse or item.) prefix:
garbage
sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. See: abondon.
snelmn place to abandon things, (i.e., trash can, dump, etc.). snlelmn (pl.) elmn garbage already thrown away. suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
garden
sq garden or crop. qm S/he made a garden. n qm, qm es qi S/he is making a garden. nes qi, es qi qs qi S/he is going to make a garden. iqs qi, qs qi nawt gargle. rt.: e wash; prefix: n inside; suffix: palt, plt throat. nawt S/he gargled. n nawt, nawt es nawti S/he is gargling. nes nawti, es nawti qs nawti S/he is going to gargle. iqs nawti, qs nawti nawt They gargled. qe nawt, p nawt es nawti They are gargling. qe es nawti, pes nawti qs nawti They are going to gargle. qeqs nawti, pqs nawti
gargle
q gargle sound (the sound).
garter snake sewile snake. gas kaslin gasoline; gas. gas pedal kaslintn gas pedal. gas station snkaslintn place with gas; gas station.
of/device.
prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
gate
nmp, nm door, gate. circumfix np opening.
nomep gate. circumfix np opening. noep gate; wire/rope gate. rt.: ooom strung across; circumfix np opening. nyalep gate; tied back and forth together. rt.: yal wrap; circumfix np opening. nmep gate; wood slide gate. rt.: im slid/rammed through; circumfix np opening.
gather
amim gather/collect things together. amim S/he/it gathered. n amim, amim es amini S/he/it is gathering. nes amini, es amini qs amini S/he/it is going to gather. iqs amini, qs amini amim They gathered. qe amim, p amim es amini They are gathering. qe es amini, pes amini qs amini They are going to gather. qeqs amini, pqs amini amsts S/he/it gathered s.t. amstn, amst es amims S/he/it is gathering s.t. ies amim, as amim qs amims S/he/it is going to gather s.t. iqs amim, aqs amim amstes They gathered s.t. qe amstm, amstp es amims They are gathering s.t. qe es amim, es amimp qs amims They are going to gather s.t. qeqs amim, qs amimp
184
scamin things that have been collected together.

done/made/prepared.
prefix: sc s.t. thats been
amis Gather the things up. (comm.) amint Gather the things up. (comm.) amsqe, amsq gather/round up domestic animals/horses. See: round up. em amstes S/he/it will gather s.t. em amsten, em amint em amis They will gather s.t. em qe amstem, em amintp es apqii They are powwowing, celebrating. syapqinm powwow, celebration. amste se You gathered rocks. amint ci anmm Gather your toys. i aai All together. aamis eai esya u ttunt Gather up all the ones that are big. i u ilmim u t The chief met there. e u qe ia We met there. amnct gather together. amncuti They gathered together. qe amncti, p amncti es amncuti They are gathering together. qe es amncti, pes amncti qs amncuti They are gathering together. qeqs amncti, pqs amncti amnctwi Everybody gather. (comm.) es amncti u sqeli The people are gathering. lwt gathered/standing together. (refers to standing; i.e., people, trees, animals, etc.) lewt They are gathered together. qe lwt, p lwt lmncut gathered together; a close gathering. es lmncuti They are gathered together. qe es lmncuti, pes lmncuti cqom gather and bring things here. (the plural form of cnem) cqomis S/he gathered and brought things. cqomn, cqomnt es cqoms S/he is gathering and bringing things. ies qom, as cqom qs cqoms S/he is going to gather and bring things. iqs qom, aqs cqom cqomis They gathered and brought things. qe cqomntm, cqomntp es cqoms They are gathering and bringing things. qe es qom, es cqomp qs cqoms They are going to gather and bring things. qeqs qom, qs cqomp meep, mee gather branches and/or small pieces of wood. meepi S/he gathered wood. n meepi, meepi es meepi S/he is gathering wood. nes meepi, es meepi qs meepi S/he is going to gather wood. iqs meepi, qs meepi es meepi They are gathering wood. qe es meepi, pes meepi lem gather/pick berries. See: pick. tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick.
gauntlets sppst gloves; gauntlets. gave i give. See: give. gay snaa lesbian, gay woman.
sntleyspsm gay man.
See: glove.
geese
sa geese. a geese in formation while flying. a si The geese gathered.
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tptpsqn, tptpp Canada goose. uu snow goose. si goose.
gel pqntn styling gel; hair oil. rt.: pu oil; suffix: ...tn means of/device. gelding napls gelding. suffix: epls testicle.
sqltmsqe, sqltmsq male horse in general. rt.: sqltmi man.
George generous gentle
a George.
tiest great good, generous. tiest u tisi Big Blanket is generous.
tuteem gentle with something; to handle something gently. tuteeis S/he/it was gentle with it. tuteen, tuteent es tuteems S/he/it is being gentle with it. ies tuteem, as tuteem qs tuteems S/he/it is going to be gentle with it. iqs tuteem, aqs tuteem tuteent Be gentle with it. (comm.)
geranium tqnp sticky wild geranium. German snopsli German. get wt fetch something that is not in sight.
See: fetch.
See: fetch.
cnem fetch something that is in the immediate area; within sight. lit. to take and bring here. ti acquire something; to get, receive something; to gather. See: acquire. tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick. nmu, mu Str. rt. sound made when getting water, to indicate the motion getting water. See: fetch. s, s get firewood; go after firewood. s S/he got firewood. n s, s es si S/he is getting firewood. nes si, es si qs si S/he is going to get firewood. iqs si, qs si se They got firewood. qe s, p s es sei They are getting firewood. qe es si, pes si qs sei They are going to get firewood. qeqs si, pqs si s Get firewood. (comm.) em s S/he will gather wood. em n s, em s em se They will gather wood. em qe s, em p s n s t mul I got cottonwood. m e p s, pes si Youll gather, be firewood. m e s Youll gather fire wood.
s.t. something (s.t.) something gathering s.o. implied someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
get on get out
qqe mount, get on. See: mount. leave. See: leave.
toqnmct two or more people to come down from s.t high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.) See: come down. toqnctwi ci t iuyn All of you get out of that car (more than one in car). ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. See: come down.
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ipmnct ci t iuyn Get out of that car (one person).
get the best of

cheat.
qe es imels controlling, getting the best of us.
mu cheater; con man; someone whos trying to get the best of us. rt.: il cheat. See:
get well get up getting
a heal. See: heal.
stwili get better. See: better. il get up; to rise. See: rise.
il, wil suffix indcating progression, to be getting/in the process of. es tntwili S/he/it is getting big. nes tntwili, es tntwili See: grow. es yoyotwili S/he/it is getting strong. nes yoyotwili, es yoyotwili See: str. es lemtwii S/he/it is getting happy. nes lemtwii, es lemtwii See: glad. es pptwili S/he is getting smart. nes pptwili, es pptwili See: smart. es stwili S/he/it is getting better. nes stwili, es stwili See: better. es stili S/he/it is getting worse. nes stili, es stili See: bad. es ptili S/he/it is growing up; getting to be an adult. nes ptili, es ptili See:
grow.
nu suffix indicating going through the time of; getting to be/becoming. es alnui S/he is getting sick. nes alnui, es alnui es aymtnui S/he is getting angry. nes aymtnui, es aymtnui es qpcnuisti, es qpcnui Its again the time of spring. es anqnuisti, es anqnui Its again the time of summer. es enuisti, es enui Its again the time of fall. es istnuisti, es istnui Its again the time of winter. put u qe te u alnuist Again were going through this time. See: every time.
geyser ghost
ptpat geyser.
ssasqli, ssasq ghost. usentm S/he/it was ghosted. o usentm I was ghosted.
gi
giant wild rye pspsnw, pap giant wild rye. gift si something given; a present. See: give.
sppn present to soothe/soften a bad relationship. See: give. ti tear a covering/wrapping off (i.e., a wrapping off a present, etc.) See: open up.
gilia i gilia. giraffe usnelps giraffe; long neck. girl utm girl up to age of puberty.
es mi girl/boy during puberty. similt girl after age of puberty. smm woman.
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smm little woman. ssm sister; women. pepi women folk.
girth
yult large in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) yulps bulky large tail. yullps big neck. syulst thumb; thick finger. t e elsyult How big is the girth/diameter?
qqal narrow in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) See: narrow.
give
i give. its S/he/it gave s.t. to s.o. itn, it es itms S/he/it is giving s.t. to s.o. ies itm, as itm qs itms S/he/it is going to give s.t. to s.o. iqs itm, aqs itm its They gave s.t. to s.o. qe itm, itp es itms They are giving s.t. to s.o. qe es itm, es itmp qs itms They are going to give s.t. to s.o. qeqs itm, qs itmp o its S/he/it gave s.t to me. o it o es itms S/he/it is giving s.t. to me. o as itm o qs itms S/he/it is going to give s.t. to me. o aqs itm o its They gave s.t. to me. o itp o es itms They are giving s.t. to me. o es itmp o qs itms They are going to give s.t. to me. o qs itmp itms S/he/it gave s.t. to you. itmn es itms S/he/it is giving s.t. to you. ies itm qs itms S/he/it is going to give s.t. to you. iqs itm itms They gave it to you. qe itmt es itms They are giving s.t. to s.o. qe es itm qs itms They are going to give s.t. to s.o. qeqs itm qe ils S/he/it gave s.t. to us. qe ilt qe ils They gave s.t. to us. qe ilp ims S/he/it gave it to you all. imn ims They gave it to you all. imt its S/he/it gave it to them. itn, it iits They gave it to them. qe itm, itp it Give it to s.o. (comm.) it Give it for s.o. (comm.) i t mlme Give him a toy. o ict Give it to me. ha o a drink of water? o i t ee ululim Give me $3.00.
em qes itms S/he/it will be giving s.t. to s.o. em iqes itm, em aqes itm
mist surrender; give ones self. rt.: i give; suffix: ist action
sqe, sq give horses and domestic animals. sqe S/he gave a horse. n sqe, sqe es sqei S/he is giving a horse. nes sqei, es sqei qs sqei S/he is going to give a horse. iqs sqei, qs sqei sqae They gave a horse. qe sqe, p sqe
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied i t sew Can I have s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command of the self. See: surrender. Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
188
es sqaei They are giving a horse. qe es sqei, pes sqei qs sqaei They are going to give a horse. qeqs sqei, pqs sqei ppm give a present to soothe/soften a bad relationship. rt.: ep soft. ppis S/he/it gave s.o. a present. ppn, ppnt es ppms S/he/it is giving s.o. a present. ies ppm, as ppm qs ppms S/he/it is going to give s.o. a present. iqs ppm, aqs ppm eppis They gave s.o. a present. qe ppntm, ppntp es eppms They are giving s.o. a present. qe es ppm, es ppmp qs eppms They are going to give s.o. a present. qeqs ppm, qs ppmp sppn present to soothe/soften a bad relationship.
give up
mqnmist, mqnmi give up. mqnmist S/he gave up. n mqnmist, mqnmist es mqnmisti S/he is giving up. nes mqnmisti, es mqnmisti qs mqnmisti S/he is going to give up. iqs mqnmisti, qs mqnmisti mqnmist They gave up. qe mqnmist, p mqnmist es mqnmisti They are giving up. qe es mqnmisti, pes mqnmisti qs mqnmisti They are going to up. qeqs mqnmisti, pqs mqnmisti ta qes mqnmi Dont give up. ta qe qes mqnmistmstm We must never give up.
glacier lily me glacier lily. glad lmt glad; thankful.

lemt S/he/it was glad. n lemt, lemt es lemti S/he/it is glad. nes lemti, es lemti qs lemti S/he/it is going to be glad. iqs lemti, qs lemti lemt They were glad. qe lemt, p lemt es lemti They are glad. qe es lemti, pes lemti qs lemti They are going to be glad. qeqs lemti, pqs lemti lemtmis S/he/it was thankful for s.t. lemtmn, lemtmnt es lemtms S/he/it is thankful for s.t. ies lemtm, as lemtm qs lemtms S/he/it is going to be thankful for s.t. iqs lemtm, aqs lemtm lemtmis They were thankful for s.t. qe lemtmntm, lemtmntp es lemtms They are thankful for s.t. qe es lemtm, es lemtmp qs lemtms They are going to be thankful for s.t. qeqs lemtm, qs lemtmp lemtmntm S/he/it was thanked; was shown gladness. (i.e. getting applause, getting an award,
etc.)
slmt somebody who thanks. lmtemn someone who always likes to be thankful. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. lmlmt Thanks! yo lmlmt By golly thank you. yo qe lemt Im really thankful or really glad. lemtwi get happy/glad. lemtwi S/he/it got happy. n lemtwi, lemtwi es lemtwii S/he/it is getting happy. nes lemtwii, es lemtwii qs lemtwii S/he/it is going to get happy. iqs lemtwii, qs lemtwii lemtwi They got happy. qe lemtwi, p lemtwi es lemtwii They are getting happy. qe es lemtwii, pes lemtwii qs lemtwii They are going to get happy. qeqs lemtwii, pqs lemtwii lmntmnweist happy/glad to see one another. 189
es lmntmnweisti They are happy to see each other. lmntmnweisti
qe es lmntmnweisti, pes
glance
li take a glance at someone or something. li S/he/it glanced. n li, li es li S/he/it is glancing. nes li, es li qs li S/he/it is going to glance. iqs li, qs li ali They glanced. qe li, p li es ali They are glancing. qe es li, pes li qs ali They are going to glance. qeqs li, pqs li alis S/he/it glanced at s.o. alin, alint es alims S/he/it is glancing at s.o. ies alim, as alim qs alims S/he/it is going to glance at s.o. iqs alim, aqs alim aliis They glanced at s.o. qe alintm, alintp es alims They is glancing at s.o. qe es alim, es alimp qs alims They is going to glance at s.o. qeqs alim, qs alimp es lli S/he/it is glancing around. nes lli, es lli sli somebody who glances. prefix: s one who does. eli u sats S/he took a little look back at his/her friend. o lis S/he glanced at me.
glass i al glass. lit. its clear. glasses nnustn, nnu glasses.

lit. it covers the eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes;
niisnutn sun glasses. slolos contact lenses. See: contact lens.
gleem glimpse
pipiis have happy eyes; to have flirty eyes; to have a gleem in the eye. See: happy.
aa It got bright. See: bright. im quiver; glimpse of something disappearing. im u lu Get a glimpse of something (person, deer,etc.) and then it disappears. nes isti u im Im walking and saw a glimpse of something.
me u witn I saw a little bit. rt.: wi come into view. See: see. tqtaql glimpse.
glossy
i glossy; used to describe the shiny surface of rubber, dark sun tans and the skin of black people. il leather. rt.: i glossy; suffix: l skin, hide. s.t. something ie suitcase; leather suitcase. (s.t.) something is dark, shiny face. (Also a name of a person.) implied s.o. someone silqs raincoat; glossy coat. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. P.l. Plural sin, si rubber boots. R.t. Root word spst glove. sppest Gloves (pl.)
glove glue
im glue, plaster. rt.: i dirty. im S/he glued. n im, im es mi S/he is gluing. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to glue. iqs mi, qs mi im They glued. qe im, p im
comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
a related word.
190
es mi They are gluing. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to glue. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he glued s.t. nten, nte es ims S/he is gluing s.t. nes im, es im qs ims S/he is going to glue s.t. iqs im, qs im ntes They glued s.t. qe ntem, ntep es ims They are gluing s.t. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to glue s.t. qeqs im, qs imp ntem It has been glued. es im It is glued. sim somebody who glues. prefix: s one who does. emn someone who always likes to glue. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. mu The individual that always glues. suffix: mu the individual who always does. min Glue, plaster. i Glue. (comm.) int Glue s.t. (comm.) ste u as im What are you gluing? ha es mi Are you gluing? ha es im Is it glued? ha wis nte Did you finish gluing it?
gnaw
ipt gnawed by bugs. (i.e; dried meat or woolen clothes, bugs got into them) ipntm It was gnawed.
im chew away at something. See: chew. cin graze/eat. See: graze. ule graze on the land. See: graze.
go
go
uy go. uy S/he/it went. n uy, uy es uyi S/he/it is going. nes uyi, es uyi qs uyi S/he/it is going to going. iqs uyi, qs uyi uy They went. qe uy, uy es uyi They are going. qe es uyi, pes uyi qs uyi They are going to going. qeqs uyi, pqs uyi es iuyi Each one is going. qe es iuyi, pes iuyi uy Go. (comm.) uywi All of you go. (comm.)
s.t. something cuy go in the direction of the speaker; to come. See: come. (s.t.) something nyelsm want to go. rt.: uy go; circumfix: nels want, feelings. implied s.o. someone ieym S/he/it goes here and there. P.l. Plural uym visit. rt.: uy go; prefix: people. See: visit. R.t. Root word uy ent anqa Go and find your big brother. uy in Go eat! uy aql comm. Command Lit. Literally sneli Go and sit down at the table. qeqs uy sntumi We are going to go to the store. Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, a em n uy esyapini Maybe Ill go to the powwow. See: - Redirection to
nyelsm want to go. rt.: uy go; circumfix: nels want, feelings. nyelsm S/he/it wanted to go. n nyelsm, nyelsm es yelsi S/he/it is wanting to go. nes nyelsi, es nyelsi qs yelsi S/he/it is going to want to go. iqs nyelsi, qs nyelsi
a related word.
191
nyelsm They wanted to go. qe nyelsm, p nyelsm es yelsi They are wanting to go. qe es nyelsi, pes nyelsi qs yelsi They are going to want to go. qeqs nyelsi, pqs nyelsi qe es nyelsi sno Im wanting to go to the bathroom. e u es nyelsi Where are you wanting to go? es on the way to somewhere. es S/he/it went somewhere. n es, es es esi S/he/it is on the way somewhere. nes esi, es esi qs esi S/he/it is going to be on the way somewhere. iqs esi, qs esi ees They went somewhere. qe es, p es es eesi They are on the way somewhere. qe es esi, pes esi qs eesi They are going to be on the way somewhere. qeqs esi, pqs esi u qeqs esi Okay lets go. qeq esi Were going to be going back (home). is indicate that the action takes movement; go. iqs is ini Im going to go eat. is it Go and sleep. uy is lee Go fix your bed. uy is ewsi Go wash your face. nim go with, accompany. See: accompany. nwpm move backward in/on something. (i.e. in a car, on a bike, etc.) See: back up. lu go out of sight around an obstacle. (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building, etc.) See: disappear. nt go downstream; go down-hill over a long distance. See: downstream. nu go inside, enter. (sl.) See: enter. npil go inside, enter. (pl.) See: enter. wt fetch something that is not in sight. See: fetch. Leave. See: leave. lim go around/behind somebodys back. rt.: li around; prefix: people. See: go around. oltm, ol go down to the waters edge (often refers to a lake edge). See: down. aip go fast, hurry. (on foot, by car, or on horseback) See: fast uw Gone, away. See: gone. ct go through or past. See: pass. u turn back; go back. See: turn. nil go upstream by land or water. See: upstream. au go like the wind. See: fast. lu go far. See: far.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively get. i.e., - That is, See: Redirection to a related word.
go after
wt fetch something that is not in sight. See: fetch. wetm S/he fetched. n wetm, wetm
nmu, mu Str. rt. The sound made when getting water, to indicate the motion getting water. See: prefix indicating to go after something. See: fetch.
go around
lim go around/behind somebodys back. rt.: li around; prefix: people. lmstes S/he/it went around s.o.s back. limsten, limste 192
es lims S/he/it is going around s.o.s back. ies lim, as lim qs lims S/he/it is going to go around s.o.s back. iqs lim, aqs lim lmstes They went around s.o.s back. qe limstem, limstep es lims They are going around s.o.s back. qe es lim, es limp qs lims They are going to go around s.o.s back. qeqs lim, qs limp
go back
u turn back; to go back. See: turn.
mncut, mncu turn ones self over/back; also an expressing indicating defeat.See: turn.
go backwards
back up.
nwpm move backward in/on something. (i.e. in a car, on a bike, etc.) See:
nupmupsm, nupmu back up; go backward. See: back up.
go down
welp go down-hill. See: down.
oltm, ol go down to the edge the water (often refers to a lake edge). See: down. ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. See: come down. toqnmct Two or more people to come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.) See:
come down.
go downstream nt go downstream; to go down-hill over a long distance. go fast aip go fast, hurry. (on foot, by car, or on horseback) See: fast.
t fast, rapid. See: fast. wmist hurry; to run walk. (walking, run) See: hurry.
See: down.
go in go out
nu go inside, enter. (sl.) See: enter.
npil go inside, enter. (pl.) See: enter. ocq go out. (sl.) ocq S/he/it went out. n ocq, ocq es ocqi S/he/it is going out. nes ocqi, es ocqi qs ocqi S/he/it is going to go out. iqs ocqi, qs ocqi esocqt spring (of water). ocq Go outside. ocqm bring something out there. See: bring. cocq come out. (sl.) See: come. ocqst Bring that out. ha em qs ocqi Are you going out? ha e ocq Are you ready to go outside? ocq u mali Mary went out. i n ocq I might have to go outside (to the potty). s.t. something tas ocq u mali stasts Marys cow didnt go out. (s.t.) something occqe for more than one to go out. (pl.) occqe They went out. qe occq, p occq es occqei They are going out. qe es occqi, pes occqi qs occqei They are going to go out. qeqs occqi, pqs occqi occqwi All of you go out. coccqe For more than one to come out. (pl.) See: come. ci te occqi The ones that went out. ocsqe bring/take a horse/domestic animal out of someplace. (i.e., a barn, corral, etc.) See:
bring.
193
pupm go out the woods/canyon into open land.
go out of sight
etc.). See: disappear.
lu go out of sight around an obstacle (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building,
sip disappear; gone; wiped out. See: disappear.
go outside go through
ocq go out. (sl.) See: go out.
olsqe, o outside. See: outside. ct go through or past. See: pass. scusi, scusi go over a mountain pass. See: pass. iu pass through, go through. See: pass. nlil go through trees. See: tree.
go up nwil go up high. See: up. go upstream nil go upstream by land or water. go with nim go with, accompany. See: accompany. goat ppu goat.
se mountain goat.
See: upstream.
God
amotqn Creator, sits on top. rt.: emut sit; suffix: qin, qn top.
nctn Creator, maker of ways/mannerisms. rt.: cuut ones mannerism; prefix: make;
yple Creator, protector. rt.: im guard; suffix: ple permanence.
godchild senlt godchild. god mother scsuy foster mother; god mother.
t parent.
prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
godparent t parent. goddaughter senltsm goddaughter. goes to ay i ay blue goes to blue. going qs particle indicating going to.
qeqs elini We are going to eat. u qeqs susti t ni Im going to drink pop again. s.t. something (s.t.) something hayo qs ti nni Hey, hes going to get a wife! implied
gold alit, alit gold. golden eagle mlqnups, mlqnu golden eagle.
qemlqnups young golden eagle. n wim t mlqnu I saw an eagle. utenenct ancit u t mlqnu The eagle flew your house.
s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, over See: - Redirection to a related word.
golden mantled squirrel
ssai golden mantled squirrel, thirteen-lined squirrel. 194
gone
uw gone, away. ule gone all over. uplsi lonesome. uw u tisi Big Blanket is gone.
mi none; out of. nmi empty inside. mi u qe sin We dont have any food. sip disappear; gone; wiped out. See: disappear. lu go out of sight around an obstacle (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building, etc.). See: disappear.
good
e, est good, fine, beautiful. e u qe ep siem It is good we have teachers. e u qesiem We have good teachers. est u inlew My dad is good, nice, kind. inlew u est My dad is good, nice, kind. (you would say if you were arguing.) est snyqi Good afternoon. est o It is nice, it is beautiful outside.
nesls have good actions and feelings, have a good heart. circumfix: nels want, feel. es neslsi S/he/it is having good feelings. nes neslsi, es neslsi qs neslsi S/he/it is going have good feelings. qeqs neslsi, qs neslsi ha nesls yeta Are you feeling good today? ta qs tam qeqs neslsi e qe sncu We must have good feelings when we cook. nsels pleased; to have good feelings. circumfix: nels want, feel. See: please. nsmslscut feel good within ones self. nsmslscut S/he felt good. n nsmslscut, nsmslscut es nsmslscuti S/he is feeling good. nes nsmslscuti, es nsmslscuti qs nsmslscuti S/he is going to feel good. iqs nsmslscuti, qs nsmslscuti nsmslscut They felt good. qe nsmslscut, p nsmslscut es nsmslscuti They are feeling good. qe es nsmslscuti, pes nsmslscuti qs nsmslscuti They are going to feel good. qeqs nsmslscuti, pqs nsmslscuti smscutist being good. es feel good/well; in good health. See: well. s prefix indicating good.
These are examples of the prefix s with a full word. sac good movie. See: watch.
ssnuqp S/he is a good dishwasher. See: dishwasher. sulip It burned good. See: fire. ssnosmi good little dog. See: dog. sacqn good little hat. See: hat.
These are examples of the prefix s with a suffix creating a full word. sast The sky/weather is good. suffix: ast sky, day. See: weather. salqs good clothing. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. See: clothes. ssst capable hands. suffix: est hand. See: hand. sule good land/place. ssule (pl.) suffix: ule land. See: land. scinm talk good. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. See: talk. saq S/he/it smells good. See: smell. These are examples of s surrounded by a curricumfix or preceeded by a prefix creating a full word.
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sme infatuated with someone. prefix: people. See: infatuate. nsels pleased; to have good feelings. circumfix: nels want, feel. See: pleased. nsaqs good road; good nose. circumfix: naqs nose, road. See: road. nsseys good teeth. circumfix: neys teeth. See: teeth. nset good water. prefix: n inside; suffix: et liquid. See: water. se It tastes good. See: taste. ha se Does it taste good? nset The liquid tastes good. See: taste. tam u smart, extremely good, intelligent, clever. tam u S/he/it is really good/smart. tam n u, tam u yo tam u Your really smart, extremely good, intelligent, clever. tam su ssncu S/he is a really good cook. awut very good. ammt Excellent! really good. See: excellent. put e S/he/it is just right; enough; fine; okay See: just homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see something beautiful/good/wonderful. See: awe.
goods
sqmnlsct goods. (pl.) qmnl things sent away. qmnlntm The thing were sent away.
sqlsct goods. tetn goods, thing used.
goose
si goose in general. (This word describes what a goose sounds like.) em e i u si The geese will return.
sa geese. (This word describes geese flying in their v formation.) a Geese in formation while flying. a si The geese gathered. tptpsqn, tptpp Canada goose. (This word describes what the goose looks like.) uu snow goose.
gooseberry nep, ne gooseberry. gopher sis gopher; ground squirrel; Columbia ground squirrel.
puye mole; northern pocket gopher.
gopher snake snu bull snake; gopher snake. gorilla stimonqi gorilla; ape. prefix: sti big. gosling stume duckling, gosling.
si stume gosling. sesum stume duckling.
gossip
wecnm hide your talk, by whispering, by talking a different language; talk secretly; gossip. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. wecnm S/he talked secretly. n wecnm, wecnm 196
es wecnististi S/he is talking secretly. nes wecnisti, es wecnisti qs wecnisti S/he is going to talk secretly. iqs wecnisti, qs wecnisti wecnm They talked secretly. qe wecnm, p wecnm es wecnisti They are talking secretly. qe es wecnisti, pes wecnisti qs wecnisti They are going to talk secretly. qeqs wecnisti, pqs wecnisti wecis S/he gossiped about s.o. wecn , wecnt es wecnms S/he is gossiping about s.o. ies wecnm, as wecnm qs wecnms S/he is going to gossip about s.o. iqs wecnm, aqs wecnm wecis They gossiped about s.o. qe ecntm , wecntp es wecnms They are gossiping about s.o. qe es wecnm, es wecnmp qs wecnms They are going to gossip about s.o. qeqs wecnm, qs wecnmp
gown
aylqs black gown, priest. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. black clothes.
suyaplqs white man clothing. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. White Man clothes. salqs good clothing. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. lit. good clothes. mamalqs mothers clothes. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
gr
grab
anm grab. anis S/he grabbed s.t. ann, annt anis They grabbed s.t. qe anntm, anntp o annt You grabbed me. napqntm S/he was grabbed behind the head. im grasp on to something. See: grasp.
grain
sqi wheat.
lewn oats. anmsqe, anmsq oats; horse food. Rt. in eat; suffix: sqe domestic animal; mainly
sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas). rt.: sim
strick w/ object. See: thrash.
qw thrash wheat; horses stepping on wheat. See: thrash.
grandchild
yay, ye grandchild, womans daughters children. qne grandchild, womans sons children. sile grandchild, mans daughters children. sepe grandchild, mans sons children.
grand fir silq grand fir. grandfather sile maternal grandfather (mothers father).
sepe paternal grandfather (fathers father). apqn grandfather.
grandmother grandparent
yay, y maternal grandmother (mothers mother). qne paternal grandmother (fathers mother). we grandmother/grandfather after death of parents.
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nuewe grandparents after death of parents.
grape
te grape. tet grape juice. suffix: et, t liquid.
grape. oo grape. sals Oregon grape.
grapefruit cicu grapefruit. graph scttmes graph. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
tmes compare. See: compare.
grasp
im grasp on to something. im S/he grasped on. n im, im es mi S/he is grasping on. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to grasp on. iqs mi, qs mi im They grasped on. qe im, p im es mi They are grasping on. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to grasp on. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he grasped on it. nten, nte es im S/he is grasping on it. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to grasp on it. iqs im, aqs im ntes They grasped on it. qe ntem, ntep es ims They are grasping on it. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to grasp on it. qeqs im, qs imp i Grasp. (comm.) int Grasp it. (comm.)
im hold/grasp on to something. im S/he held on. n im, im es mi S/he is holding on. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to hold on. iqs mi, qs mi im They held on. qe im, p im es mi They are holding on. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to hold on. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he held on to it. nten, nte es ims S/he is holding on to it. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to hold on to it. iqs im, aqs im ntes They held on to it. qe ntem, ntep es ims They are holding on to it. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to hold on to it. qeqs im, qs imp nmin handle. suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool. snmintn handrail. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...mintn ol. i Hold on. (comm.) int Hold on to it. (comm.) ntes S/he grabbed s.o.s feet. nten, nte nslslmtus u ntes snemutn S/he got dizzy and held on to the chair. yomim hold something steady. rt.: yoyoot strong. See: hold. 198
grass
salule things that grow on the land; grass. rt.: al plants grow; suffix: ule
land. See: grow.
upule Grass. rt.: up hair; suffix: ule land.
grass fire aap grass/timber caught fire. grasshopper te grasshopper. Gravel Bay ncce Gravel Bay. gray i gray.
i i Its gray. i i snasq gray horse. pa faded, pale, gray. i pa Its faded; its pale. i pas The face is pale. es pam fades. i pa ululim silver. lit. faded metal.
See: fire.
pqmast begin to get gray/white hair. es pqmasti S/he is getting gray/white hair. nes pqmasti, es pqmasti miqn gray/white and black hair; salt-and-pepper hair. es miqn S/he has gray/white and black hair. nes miqn, es miqn pqmayaqn gray/white hair. pqmayaqn S/he has gray/white hair. n pqmayaqn, pqmayaqn
gray jay lui gray jay, Canada jay, camp robber, whiskey jack. gray wolf i nicn gray wolf. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. grayling nli grayling (fish). gravy scnpet gravy. graze ule graze on the land.
ule S/he/it grazed on the land. es ulei S/he/it is grazing on the land. qs ulei S/he/it is going to graze on the land. cin graze/eat. cin S/he/it grazed/ate. es cini S/he/it is grazing/eating. qs cini S/he/it is going to graze/eat. im chew away at something. See: chew.
grease
sct grease, lard. rt.: ct fat. n t sct S/he mixed the grease.
scoco bear rib grease. asas, asss sound of grease dripping on the fire. i asas Its dripping and hitting the fire (its making the sound of grease hitting the fire). um grease/oil something. um S/he greased. n um, um
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es ui S/he is greasing. nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he is going to grease. iqs ui, qs ui um They greased. qe um, p um es ui They are greasing. qe es ui, pes ui qs ui They are going to grease. qeqs ui, pqs ui uis S/he greased s.t. un, unt es ums S/he is greasing s.t. ies um, as um qs ums S/he is going to grease s.t. iqs um, qs um uis They greased s.t. qe untm, untp es ums They are greasing s.t. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to grease s.t. qeqs um, qs ump ui Grease. (comm.) unt Grease s.t. (comm.) i pu Its greasy. usm greasy face. ustm greasy hand. ies um u isopqs I am greasing my thread. nes ui t isopqs Im greasing my thread.
greasy i pu It is greasy. great blue heron sme heron, great blue heron. greater yellow legs nusnqs greater yellow legs. lit. long beak/nose. great-grandchild upye great-grandchild, great-grandparent.
oo great-grandchild; great-grandparent, (a baby-talk version of upye).
great-grandparent
upye great-grandparent, great-grandchild.
oo great-grandparent; great-grandchild, (a baby-talk version of upye).
great-great-grandchild iye great-great-grandchild, great-great-grandparent. great-great-grandparent iye great-great-grandparent, great-great-grandchild. great-great-great-grandchild ue great-great-great-grandchild, great-greatgreat-grandparent.
great-great-great-grandparent
great-grandchild.
ue great-great-great-grandparent great-greatstmmqn great-great-great-great- s.t. something
great-great-great-great-grandchild
great-great-great-great-grandparent great-horned owl Great Spirit
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone stmmqn great-great-great-great- P.l. Plural R.t. Root word grandparent, great-great-great-great-grandchild. comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively snine owl; great-horned owl, great-gray owl. i.e., That is, win snine t sest I saw a owl this morning. See: - Redirection to a related word.
grandchild, great-great-great-great-grandparent.
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ways. rt.: cuut ones mannerism; prefix: make; suffix: ...tn means of/device. yple Creator, protector. rt.: im guard; suffix: ple permanence.
greed green
amaliye eat and eat; eat greedily. See: eat.
nanps greedy; literally have a tight butt. in green. nin greens. (pl.) i in Its green. nine, ni watermelon. suffix: i covered in. lit. its all green.
green racer npe green racer, blue racer, black racer. green wood qal green/fresh wood. rt.: qa fresh; suffix: al wood. greet is nod the head down; greet, hail. See: nod.
nwe shake hands with each other. See: shakehands. est sest Good morning. est slalt Good day. est snyaqi Good afternoon. est slu Good evening. est sec Good night. hello, yes. a hello (acknowledgement).
gridle
nlisqetn, nlisq gridle commonly used for saddle horses. suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
es nlisqei S/he is throwing the gridle on the saddle. nes nlisqei, es nlisqei
grief grin grind
pupusn, pupus sad; mourn; grieve. See: sad. nus smile, grin. See: smile.
m grind/file something. m S/he ground. n m, m es i S/he is grinding. nes i, es i qs i S/he is going to grind. iqs i, qs i am They ground. qe m, p m es ai They are grinding. qe es i, pes i qs ai They are going to grind. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he ground s.t. n, nt es ms S/he is grinding s.t. nes m, es m qs ms S/he is going to grind s.t. iqs m, qs m ais They ground s.t. qe ntm, np es ams They are grinding s.t. qe es m, es mp qs ams They are going to grind s.t. qeqs m, qs mp mn file. sc something thats been ground; flour. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. i Grind/file. (comm.)
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nt Grind/file it. (comm.) es am It is grinding on the side of something. (i.e., elk rubbing antlers) es i t sqet S/he is grinding meat; making hamburger.
grizzly bear
smn, sm grizzly bear. smmn grizzly bears. (pl.) smn, sm little grizzly bear. cil smm five grizzly bears. n wim t sm I saw a grizzly bear.
groom well, pucoon siqn pucoon groom well. grosbeak ntnqs grosbeak, black-headed grosbeak, pine grosbeak. grouchy nesls grouchy. circumfix: nels want, feel.
nesls S/he/it was grouchy. n nesls, nesls es neslsi S/he/it is being grouchy. nes neslsi, es neslsi qs neslsi S/he/it going to be grouchy. iqs neslsi, qs neslsi as grouchy. i as S/he/it is grouchy. i n as, i as
lit. big beak/nose.
ground
suli ground, earth, dirt. See: land.
ule suffix indicating ground, land, earth. See: land. ttule place things on the ground. rt.: tu put/place something down. See: place. ttule S/he/it place (s.t.) on the ground. n ttule, ttule es ttulei S/he/it is placing (s.t.) on the ground. nes ttulei, es ttulei qs ttulei S/he/it is going to place (s.t.) on the ground. iqs ttulei, qs ttulei malt Mud. See: mud.
groundhog sm groundhog; woodchuck; marmot. ground squirrel sis gopher; ground squirrel; Columbia ground squirrel. group stes family or a group of people. rt.: it live; suffix: s middle, center. grouse qqe, q ruffed grouse.
siss ruffed grouse, chicken. slu, s sharp-tailed grouse; prairie chicken; spruce grouse, Franklins grouse, fool hen.
grouse berry sipt grouse berry, whortleberry. grow al grow. (generally pertaining to plants)
caal growing; coming up. es lulei Plants are coming up (i.e., in the spring). salule things that grow on the land; grass. rt.: al plants grow; suffix: ule land. ptil grow up. (pertaining to people) ptil S/he/it grew up; got to be an adult. n ptil, ptil es ptili S/he/it is growing up; getting to be an adult. nes ptili, es ptili qltmwil become a man. qltmwil He became a man. n qltmwil, qltmwil
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es qltmwili He is becoming a man. nes qltmwili, es qltmwili tntwil get big. es tntwili S/he/it is getting big. nes tntwili, es tntwili nlencut grow.
growl
naip growl. es naipi It is growling.
namqcn black bear growl. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. es namqcni It is growling. n sewne es namqcni I hear a black bear growling.
guard
im guard or take care of. im S/he guarded. n im, im es mi S/he is guarding. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to guard. iqs mi, qs mi im They guarded. qe im, p im es mi They are guarding. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to guard. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he guarded s.o/s.t. ntn, nt es ims S/he is guarding s.o./s.t. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to guard s.o./s.t. iqs im, aqs im ntes They guarded s.o/s.t. qe ntm, ntp es ims They are guarding s.o./s.t. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to guard s.o./s.t. qeqs im, qs imp sim somebody who guards. prefix: s one who does. mu The individual that always guards. suffix: mu the individual who always does. nctn Warning. suffix: ...tn means of/device. i Guard/take care. (comm.) int Guard/take care of s.t. (comm.) nt ta qes nt u ett Be careful, dont make holes in the hide. nt u anett You take care of your hide. ha e u nt incit Will you take care of my house?
sqe, sq guard horses/domestic animals. sqe S/he guarded. n sqe, sqe es sqei S/he is guarding. nes sqei, es sqei qs sqei S/he is going to guard. iqs sqei, qs sqei sqae They guarded. qe sqe, p sqe es sqaei They are guarding. qe es sqei, pes sqei s.t. something qs sqaei They are going to guard. qeqs sqei, pqs sqei (s.t.) something implied ssqe somebody who guards horses/domestic animals/cars. prefix: s one who
does.
elm put something in the care of someone else. See: care. nct take care of ones self. See: care. et watch over children; to babysit. suffix: et, t child, baby.. See: babysit. es mi wake. See: wake.
guardian
sum guardian spirit, spiritual power, medicine power. u isum Chipmunk is my medicine power. 203
guess
aw, aw guess. awa S/he is guessing. n awa, awa es awa S/he is guessing. nes awa, es awa qs awa S/he is going to guess. iqs awa, qs awa suy visitor. siuy visitors. (pl.) rt.: uym visit. See: visit. qe ep siuy We have visitors. slitusm guide. prefix: s one who does.
guest
siccn guest. rt.: icn meet someone. See: meet.
guide
smis guide, direction. mictn something or someone that guides. (i.e. spirit, teacher.) suffix: ...tn means of/device. anmictn Your person/spirit that guides you. inmictn o et Show me, my teacher/spirit guide.
guitar
ooalmn a guitar. rt.: oom strung across; suffix: al wood; suffix: min,
mn instrument/tool.
a radio, harp, guitar, stereo, anything that makes music. rt.: aey laugh.
gum te chewing gum. gums snletn gums. gum weed isq gum weed. gun ntnste, ntnste pistol, six-shooter.
sululmi rifle.
gunpowder
npmim gunpowder.
i gun blast. il shooting around.
gurgle ma gurgling, bubbling. gut es gut an animal.

esis S/he gutted it. esn, esnt es esms S/he is gutting it. ies esm, as esm qs esms S/he is going to gut it. iqs esm, aqs esm esis They gutted it. qe esntm, esntp es esms They are gutting it. qe es esm, es esmp qs esms They are going to gut it. qeqs esm, qs esmp esnt Gut it. (comm.)
guts
sten guts. suffix: ...en within.
sn, s large intestine.
204
H
habit numn ways, customs, habits, culture, traditions; the things one does. habitual ism My habit, it is my practice. rt.: em get accustomed; See: accustomed.
aemnct, aemnc practice, drill, train, study. See: practice. amqs get accustomed to food. See: accustomed.
hail
ssaus, ssau hail, hail stones. es sausi It is hailing. is nod the head down; greet, hail. See: nod. n is mali I nodded Mary; I hail Mary.
hair
mqn head hair.
spum fur; animal hair. up Infix to indicate hair. supcin Whiskers, beard. snupupene Ear hair. snupupaqs Nose hair. snupupan Underarm hair. supes Belly hair. snupi Back hair. supupus Eye lashes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. pot pubic hair. aqan messy hair. See: pile. aqan You have messy hair. iqn messy/bushy hair. rt.: i protrude. See: messy. i n opqn I have bad hair. pqmast begin to get gray/white hair. es pqmasti S/he is getting gray/white hair. nes pqmasti, es pqmasti miqn gray/white and black hair; salt-and-pepper hair. es miqn S/he has gray/white and black hair. nes miqn, es miqn pqmayaqn gray/white hair. pqmayaqn S/he has gray/white hair. n pqmayaqn, pqmayaqn
hair oil hairy half
uqntn hair oil; styling gel. rt.: u
means of/device.
upu hairy. Infix: up hair. upe es upus ci e That brown horse its face.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural grease, oil; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top; suffix: ...tn R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, - Redirection had its winter fur on and little whiskers on See: related word. to a
tes divide something in two; halve something. suffix: s middle, center. tesm S/he is halved. n tesm, tesm 205
es tesi S/he is halving. nes tesi, es tesi qs tesi S/he is going to halve. iqs tesi, qs tesi tests S/he/it halved s.t. testn, test es tesms S/he/it is halving s.t. ies tesm, as tesm qs tesms S/he/it is going to half s.t. iqs tesm, aqs tesm tests They halved s.t. qe testm, testp es tesms They are halving s.t. qe es tesm, es tesmp qs tesms They are going to half s.t. qeqs tesm, qs tesmp es ttesms S/he/it is halving things. ies ttesm, as ttesm es ttesms S/he/it is halving s.t. a little bit. ies ttesm, as ttesm sctes something thats been halved. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. tesnt Halve s.t. (comm.) ha e u test anapl Would you half your apple? o it tes Give me half. syesmsec Midnight. sut Half of an object, number, or time; half of the whole; one side. mi stast u iqs ui Im going to work only half a day. mus e sut 4:30 lit. 4 plus a half. stm, st prefix indicating half of. rt.: sut half of. stast half a day. suffix: ast sky, day. stmsqli, stmsq half-breed Indian. stmsqe, stmsq half-breed horse. ste side, half body. prefix: stm, st half; suffix: ee inside of something, body.
half-breed halter
stmsqli, stmsq half-breed Indian. prefix: stm, st half. stmsqe, stmsq half-breed horse. puse, pus halter. lit. slips over the neck. rt.: p slip over. es pus S/he/it is haltered.
means of/device.
astn, a halter. lit. has lines on the face. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: ...us face; suffix: ...tn ausm put on a bridle, hackamore, or halter. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: us Face. See: bridle. pusm take off a bridle, hackamore, or halter. rt.: pim release from; suffix: us face. See:
bridle
ace bridle. See: bridle. aasqetn, aasq harness. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: harness.
ham lo pig, bacon, pork, ham. (approximation to French word) hamburger es sqet hamburger; its ground meat. See: grind.
es i t sqet S/he is grinding meat. nes i t sqet, es i t sqet
Hamilton hammer hand
ll Hamilton. tetemin hammer. rt.: te hit/bump into; prefix: ... little; suffix: ...min, mn
instrument/tool.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, - Redirection See: related word. to a
ntaqintn sledge hammer. rt.: ntaqin hit on top; suffix: tn means of/device. el one hand. lel hands (pl.) 206
est suffix indicating hand. mlst fist. rt.: mal balled object. schest right hand. See: right side. siest left hand. See: left side. ttnest big hands. rt.: tunt big. mmlast hands dont work good. ssst capable hands. rt.: est good. nst clap hands. See: clap. alst have a sore/achy hand. rt.: al ache. alst S/he/it had a sore hand. n alst, alst es alsti S/he/it has a sore hand. nes alsti, es alsti qs alsti S/he/it is going to have a sore hand. iqs alsti, qs alsti alest They had a sore hand. qe alst, p alst es alesti They have a sore hand. qe es alsti, pes alsti qs alesti They are going to have a sore hand. qeqs alsti, pqs alsti ustm S/he/it washed his/her hands. n ustm, ustm es usti S/he/it is washing his/her hands. nes usti, es usti usti Wash your hands. (comm.) nnmist lock hands. es nnmisti S/he has hands locked. tnmisti hands together. tcnnmisti hands together. ttnmisti hands together. es nnmiisti S/he has hands behind back. nes nnmiisti, es nnmiisti ntqtqnitni have hands on hips. aqaqi cold, almost frost bitten, hands.
hand out handbag
pum distribute, spread around, to pass/hand out. See: distribute.
ae beaded bag/handbag. rt.: i a it has lines. See: line. ae Small beadedbag/handbag. See: bag.
handcuffs lolocnest, lolocn handcuffs. handkerchief iylqn, iya head wrap; scarf.
rt.: yalim coil, wrap; suffix: qin, qn p.
snostn Anything used to blow your nose; an device for snot. See: snot. snosmn Anything used to blow your nose; a utensil for snot utensil. See: snot. naaqstn nose wiper; anything used to wipe the nose. rt.: em wipe; suffix: ...tn means s.t. something
of/device. See: wipe.
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally suffix: Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
handle
nmin handle. rt.: im grasp on to something. See: grasp. plent lead with a rope around its neck. See: lead. snmintn handrail. rt.: im grasp on to something; prefix: sn a place of;
...tn means of/device. See: grasp.
handrail handshake handsome
sctum, sctu handshake. See: shake hands. sctums His/her/its hand shake. isctum, asctum swinumt handsome, pretty.
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hang
acsm tie up; to tie and hang up. rt.: acim tie; prefix: up on; suffix: s middle,
center.
acsm S/he/it was hung. n acsm, acsm es acsi S/he/it is hanging. nes acsi, es acsi qs acsi S/he/it is going hang. iqs acsi, qs acsi acesm They were hung. qe acsm, p acsm es acesi They are hanging. qe es acsi, pes acsi qs acesi They are going to hang. qeqs acsi, pqs acsi acsts S/he/it hung s.o. acstn, acst es acsms S/he/it is hanging s.o. ies acsm, as acsm qs acesms S/he/it is going to hang s.o. iqs acsm, aqs acsm acests They hung s.o. qe acstm, acstp es acesms They are hanging s.o. qe es acsm, es acsmp qs acesms They are going to hang s.o. qeqs acsm, qs acsmp acstm S/he/it was hung by s.o. saces, sace Sunday. s hang. omeple something is hanging off of something. suffix: eple permanence.
hang up
ls hang up, as on a hook. lsis S/he/it hung it up. lsn, lsnt es lsms S/he/it is hanging it up. ies lsm, as lsm qs lsms S/he/it is going to hang it up. iqs lsm, aqs lsm lsis They hung it up. qe lsntm, lsntp es lesms They are hanging it up. qe es lsm, es lsmp qs lesms They are going to hang it up. qeqs lsm, qs lsmp lsnt Hang it up. (comm.) lst You hung it up. lsntm It was hung up. o lsntm I was hung up. es ls Its hung up. t tisi lsis Big Blanket hung it up. ye e m lstn Hang it up right here. lsnt anlkepu Hang up your coat. ta qes lst Dont hang it up.
qs hang up; hang over an object. qsis S/he/it hung it up. qsn, qsnt es qsms S/he/it is hanging it up. ies qsm, as qsm qs qsms S/he/it is going to hang it up. iqs qsm, aqs qsm qsis They hung it up. qe qsntm, qsntp es qesms They are hanging it up. qe es qsm, es qsmp qs qesms They are going to hang it up. qeqs qsm, qs qsmp qsnt Hang it up. (comm.) qst You hung it up. qsntm It was hung up. o qsntm I was hung up. elism hung over meat. es qelism The meat is hung over.
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happen
e question inquiring about the state of someone or something. em What happened to him/her/it? n em, em es ei Whats happening/wrong with her/him/it? nes ei, es ei qs ei Whats going to be happening w/ her/him/it? iqs ei, qs ei eeem What happened to them? qe eem, p eem es eeei Whats happening/wrong with them? qe es eei, pes eei qs eeei Whats going to be happening w/ them? qeqs eei, pqs eei eensts What did s/he/it do to it? eenstn, eenst es ests Where did s/he/it put it? es estn, es est enasti Whats happening with the sky, hows the weather? suffix: ast sky, day. e How is s/he/it? n e, e eee How are they? qe ee, p ee a eem Maybe something happened to him/her/it? sewnt asat e Ask your friend how s/he is? eenm u qeupn What happen to our Council? eenst u anpspus What did you do to your cats? wis nenis u sme u eem What happens after the grizzly makes his/her choice?
nlopus fall into place; happen; come about; answered. em nlopus u ascuawm Your prayers will fall into place.
happy
npiyls, npiy feel happy. rt.: pii happy; circumfix: nels want, feel. npiyls S/he/it was happy. n npiyls, npiyls es npiylsi S/he/it is happy. nes npiylsi, es npiylsi qs npiylsi S/he/it is going to be happy. iqs npiylsi, qs npiylsi npiyels They was happy. qe npiyls, p npiyls es npiyelsi They are happy. qe es npiylsi, pes npiylsi qs npiyelsi They are going to be happy. qeqs npiylsi, pqs npiylsi emt esy u npiyls Then everyone was happy. we es pupueni u mali u e npiyls Mary was sad and then she got happy again.
pipiis have happy eyes; to have flirty eyes; to have a gleem in the eye. circumfix: us, s
spherical object; eyes.
i pipiis S/he/it has happy eyes. i n pipiis, i pipiis lemtwi get happy/glad. See: glad.
Happy Birthday
ultn birthday. npiyels anultn Happy Birthday. est anultn Happy/good Birthday.
ncnncut make a complete revolution; to make a circle; to meet ones own foot prints/tracks. This word is used to describe cycles such as birthdays, and the telling of time in showing
hours. rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot; suffix: cut action to the self. See: around. See: shake hands.
Happy New Year hard
est stum Happy New Year. rt.: tum shake hands w/
s hard; solid. i as Its hard. i as The surface is hard. i s It is poor, lean, skinny. ssasn shoes. ssn shoe.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied people. s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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i as u lu The wood is hard. it hard; tough; hard to break. it u lu Wood is tough; wood is hard to break. yoyosct, yoyosc do something with a physically strong effort. See: try. yoyosctmis S/he/it worked hard at it. yoyosctmn, yoyosctmnt yoyoscutmis They worked hard at it. qe yoyosctmntm, yoyosctmntp yoyosctmnt Do it hard, work hard at it. (comm.) yoyosct m cmint Throw it hard. (comm.) yoyoscmint Throw it hard. (comm.) yoyostqent Kick it hard. (comm.) yoyostent Bounce it hard. (comm.) t difficult, hard; struggle. See: difficult. i capable and strong, with energy; struggle with all effort at any task; try ones hardest.
See: capable.
hardship
the self.
msct pity ones self; have a hard time. rt.: qit pity; suffix: ...cut action to
msct S/he/it had a hard time. n msct, msct es mscti S/he/it is having a hard time. nes mscti, es mscti qs mscti S/he/it is going to have a hard time. iqs mscti, qs mscti mscut They had a hard time. qe msct, p msct es mscuti They are having a hard time. qe es mscti, pes mscti qs mscuti They are going to have a hard time. qeqs mscti, pqs mscti scmsct Hardship. rt.: it pitiful, poor; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. scmscts His/her/its hardship. iscmsct, ascmsct estm cause someone to have a hard time; play a trick on someone. rt.: it pitiful,
poor. See: trick.
hare
s rabbit. sae little rabbit. tisi ssts Big Blankets rabbit.
hare bell eeput hare bell; a fuzzy purple flower. harm lup get hurt. See: hurt.
lpnunm hurt or harm someone. See: hurt.
harp a radio, harp, guitar, stereo, anything that makes music. Harriet aly Harriet. s.t. something harness aasqetn, aasq harness. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: ...tn means of/device. (s.t.) something
See: line.
aasqe S/he harnessed a horse. n aasqe, aasqe es aasqei S/he is harnessing a horse. nes aasqei, es aasqei qs aasqei S/he is going to harness a horse. iqs aasqei, qs aasqei aisqe harness a horse. aisqe S/he harnessed a horse. n aisqe, aisqe es aisqei S/he is harnessing a horse. nes aisqei, es aisqei qs aisqei S/he is going to harness a horse. iqs aisqei, qs aisqei es aie S/he/it is harnessed; covered with lines.
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pi take a harness off. rt.: pim release from; suffix: i covered in. piis S/he took the harness off. pin, pint es pims S/he is taking the harness off. ies pim, as pim qs pims S/he is going to take the harness off. iqs pim, aqs pim pint take the harness off. (comm.) pasqe, pasq take the harness off. pasqe S/he took the harness off. n pasqe, pasqe es pasqei S/he is taking the harness off. nes pasqei, es pasqei qs pasqei S/he is going to take the harness off. iqs pasqei, qs pasqei pasqei take the harness off. (comm.) salpssqetn, salpssq harness for a pack horse. suffix: ...tn means of/device. pusqe, pusq halter. lit. slips over the face. See: halter. es pus S/he/it is haltered. astn, a halter. lit. has lines on the face. suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: halter.
harvest
tiq harvest berries/a crop. rt.: ti acquire. tiq S/he harvested. n tiq, tiq es tiqi S/he is harvesting. nes tiqi, es tiqi qs tiqi S/he is going to harvest. iqs tiqi, qs tiqi tiq They harvested. qe tiq, p tiq es tiqi They are harvesting. qe es tiqi, pes tiqi qs tiqi They are going to harvest. qeqs tiqi, pqs tiqi
ticnm get food mainly from hunting and fishing. rt.: ti acquire. ticnm S/he got/harvested food. n ticnm, ticnm es ticni S/he is getting/harvesting food. nes ticni, es ticni qs ticni S/he is going to get/harvest food. iqs ticni, qs ticni ticnm They got/harvested food. qe ticnm, p ticnm es ticni They are getting/harvesting food. qe es ticni, pes ticni qs ticni They are going to get/harvest food. qeqs ticni, pqs ticni tim pick/get food. rt.: ti acquire. tim S/he picked. n tim, tim es tii S/he is picking. nes tii, es tii qs tii S/he is going to pick. iqs tii, qs tii tim They picked. qe tim, p tim es tii They are picking. qe es tii, pes tii qs tii They are going to pick. qeqs tii, pqs tii tiis S/he picked s.t. tin, tint es tims S/he is picking s.t. ies tim, as tim qs tims S/he is going to pick s.t. iqs tim, aqs tim tiis They picked s.t. qe tintm, tintp es tims They are picking s.t. qe es tim, es timp qs tims They are going to pick s.t. qeqs tim, qs timp e tintm Its already been picked. ti acquire something; to get, receive something; to gather. See: acquire.
hat
cqn hat. cacqn (pl.) rt.: ec warm; suffix: qn head. cacqis their hats. (pl.) 211
es cqn S/he has a hat on. nes cqn, es cqn acqi Put your hat on. (comm.) sacqn good little hat. snsqinqn straw hat. snqpqn baseball cap. nusu cap. snsoqn stocking cap. nimqn pointed hat. pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. rt.: pim release from. es pqini S/he is removing his/her head cover. nes pqini, es pqini qs pqini S/he is going to remove his/her head cover. iqs pqini, qs pqini es pqin S/he is bare headed/no hat. nes pqin, es pqin pqini Remove your hat. (comm.)
hatch
lehi hatch egg. es lehi It is hatching. lehce Eggs hatched; they hatched.
hatchet min little axe, hatchet. hate aiem hate.

aieis S/he/it hate s.t./s.o. aien, aient es aiems S/he/it is hating s.t./s.o. ies aiem, as aiem qs aiems S/he/it is going to hate s.t./s.o. iqs aiem, aqs aiem aieis They hate s.t./s.o. qe aientm, aientp es aiems They are hating s.t./s.o. qe es aiem, es aiemp qs aiems They are going to hate s.t./s.o. qeqs aiem, qs aiemp saie hate. saies S/he/it is his/her/its hate; s/he/it hates s.o./s.t. isaie, asaies aien u incit I hate my house. isaie You are my hate; I hate you. n ep saie I have someone/something I hate. reject something; to not have care for something. es ms S/he/it reject s.t./s.o. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to reject s.t./s.o. iqs m, aqs m es ems They reject s.t./s.o. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to reject s.t./s.o. qeqs m, qs mp ies m u incit I reject my house; I dont care for my house. sey Hate/reject/detest. ey hate/reject/detest. nweyls lazy/tired; hate to do work; do something haphazardly. See: lazy.
have
ep have, has, own. ep S/he/it has n ep , ep ep They have qe ep , p ep ep pus S/he has a cat. n ep pus, ep pus ep pus They have a cat. qe ep pus, p ep pus
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The is dropped when it preceeds words beginning with s; see example below.
ep sim S/he has a blanket. n ep sim, ep sim ep sim They have a blanket. qe ep sim, p ep sim n ep ni I have pop. ep cit t i sic u tisi Big Blanket has a new house. n ep sim I have a blanket. ha e ep cep Do you already have Douglas fir? uc ep ululim Prehaps you have money? (a polite way to ask for money) ha ep ululim Do you have any money? es misten ep ululim I know you have money.
hawk
llmu hawk (general); red-tailed hawk.
atat Falcon; Peregrine falcon; duck hawk. samwl atati Sam Hawk (brought buffalo to the Jocko valley). i osprey, fish hawk. yecic American kestrel, sparrow hawk. spiylqn American kestrel, sparrow hawk. sqqe northern goshawk. sqnups, sqnu broad-winged hawk. lli mu ferruginous hawk.
hawk owl hawthorn
siye hawk owl.
senep, seen thorn bush, thorn tree, hawthorn. seneq, sene thorn berry.
snpal, snpa thorn wood, Coyote wood. st Columbia hawthorn.
hay
supul hay. rt.: up hair; suffix: ule land. qe qm t supule We stacked the hay. ls tied up around the middle; bale of hay. See: tie.
he
he cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it. See: her. head spqin head. rt.: pit thick; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top.
tonqn big head. sntasqn top of head. smesn forehead. smapqn back of head. smen side of head, by ears. niitus temples. oyaqn bonehead. es ncqusm S/he/it has their head up. toyqn S/he/it has their head down/bowed. mpqin get a dark head/to black out. mpste out of it; knocked out. nppqan out of the head; dizzy, silly, buzzed. See: dizzy. 213
taqnule hit head on the ground.
head band
qqintn headband (women wear). rt.: p slip over; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top;
iylqn, iya head wrap; scarf. rt.: yalim coil, wrap; suffix: qin, qn p. estn hat band. suffix: ...tn means of/device. slpqn hat band.
head cheese head waters headache
lo scnit pig head cheese.
scnitt, scnit something thats been. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. napqin head waters; where the water begins (i.e., a spring, fountain, lake). rt.:
napa the end; suffix: qin, qn p.
snapqin place where the water starts from. alqn headache. rt.: al ache. alqn S/he/it had a headache. n alqn, alqn es alqni S/he/it has a headache. nes alqni, es alqni qs alqni S/he/it is going to have a headache. iqs alqni, qs alqni alqin They had a headache. qe alqn, p alqn es alqini They have a headache. qe es alqni, pes alqni qs alqini They are going to have a headache. qeqs alqni, pqs alqni
alqnis S/he/it gave s.o. a headache. alqn, alqnt es alqnms S/he/it is giving s.o. a headache. ies alqnm, as alqnm qs alqnms S/he/it is going to give s.o. a headache. iqs alqnm, aqs alqnm headdress lqin, lqi war bonnet, headdress. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: qin, qn p. pesy m p llqinm All of you put on a headdress. snlasqn, snla roach. See: roach. qicqn buffalo horn/mountain goat horn headdress with white weasel hide. suffix: qin, qn
p.
snqin round bustle headdress. rt.: i protrude; suffix: qin, qn p. acepqntn hair piece; tied to the head. rt.: ac tie; prefix: under; suffix: qin, qn p.
heal
a heal. a S/he/it healed. n a, a es ami S/he/it is healing. nes ami, es ami qs ami S/he/it is going to heal. iqs ami, qs ami aa They healed. qe a, p a es aami They are healing. qe es ami, pes ami qs aami They are going to heal. qeqs ami, pqs ami mi a I hope s/he/it heals.
malym doctor. See: doctor. stwili get better. See: better.
hear
swne hear, listen. swne S/he/it heard. n swne, swne sewne They heard. qe swne, p swne swnemis S/he/it heard s.o./s.t. swnemn, swnemnt es swnems S/he is hearing s.o./s.t. ies swnem, as swnem
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qs swnems S/he is going to hear s.o./s.t. iqs swnem, aqs swnem sewnemis They heard s.o./s.t. qe swnemntm, swnemntp es sewnems They are hearing s.o./s.t. qe es swnem, es swnemp qs sewnems They are going to hear s.o./s.t. qeqs swnem, qs swnemp n swne t sme incit I heard a grizzly bear in my house. ta i swne I did not hear. ha swne Did you hear? swnemncn I heard you. n swne ste u es pupwli I hear something breathing. nuuwen ignore; to not pay attention; to not hear. lit. fart on the ear. i es nuuwen Gee, you cant hear. len hear something from far off. len S/he hears something from far off. n len, len len They hear something from far off. qe len, p len ceeunm hear people coming, talking. See: sound.
heart
spus heart. tispus big heart, brave. ispus e es t misten In my heart I already knew. t ispus ismnes innon From my heart you are my love, you are my wife.
npustin think about/talk about someone and then they appear/show up or you run into them.
See: think.
pusminm think about somebody. Rt. spus heart. See: think. pusule thinking of a certain place/area/land. Rt. spus heart. See: think. pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; to be shy, bashful, polite; to be considerate; to not impose. See: selfconscious. pupusn, pupus sad; to mourn; to grieve. rt.: spus heart; suffix: ...n within. See: sad. pumin drum. rt.: spus heart; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool. See: drum. nyoyowls strong mind, strong heart. rt.: yoyoot strong. See: strong.
heat
sa heat. See: hot.
e get hot from some heat source; warmed/heated from radiant heat. eim S/he/it got heated up. n eim, eim es emi S/he/it is getting heated up. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to get heated up. iqs emi, qs emi eim They got heated up. qe eim, p eim es emi They are getting heated up. qe es emi, pes emi qs emi They are going to get heated up. qeqs emi, pqs emi eis S/he put s.t. against heat. en, ent es ems S/he is putting s.t. against heat. ies em, as em qs ems S/he is going to put s.t. against heat. iqs em, aqs em eis They put it against heat. qe entm, entp es ems They are putting s.t. against heat. qe es em, es emp qs ems They are going to put s.t. against heat. qeqs em, qs emp en I put s.t. against heat over and over. e S/he/it got heated. n e, e entm S/he/it was heated. o entm, entm see radiant heat. 215
sce something thats been heated. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. es neni S/he is warming his/her body by the fire. nes neni, es neni nei get a hot back. eeene get hot ears. neeet get hot shoulders. aaan get hot arms. esn get a hot forehead. aasaqstn get hot legs. suffix: aqstn leg. neps get a hot butt. eus get a hot face. naaqs get a hot nose. nelem make bannock bread. See: bannock bread. nolm heat up rocks. See: fire. es slstwe The animals are mating. See: mate.
heaven heavy
smst sky. suffix: ast sky, day.
emt heavy. emt S/he/it is heavy. n emt, emt mtwil It got heavy. n mtwil, mtwil es mtwili Its getting heavy. nes mtwili, es mtwili qs mtwili Its going to get heavy. iqs mtwili, qs mtwili mtee heavy body. i mtee darn, you have a heavy body.
heel smpn heel. smmpn Heels. (pl.) Helena mle Helena. hellgramite nn stone fly, hellgramite. hello female hello, yes.
All words that start with a vowel naturally produce and have a (glottal stop). Through out this book the (glottal stop) has been left off except on the these two words. These words are so short that the was left to preserve their stature. In all other cases it seemed unnecessary and cumbersome.
a male hello; acknowledgement.
help
olct help ones self. suffix: ...cut action to the self. es olcti S/he/it is helping. nes olcti, es olcti qs olcti S/he/it is going to help. iqs olcti, qs olcti es olcuti They are helping. qe es olcti, pes olcti qs olcuti They are going to help. qeqs olcti, pqs olcti olitis S/he/it helped s.t./s.o. olitn, olit es olitms S/he/it is helping s.t./s.o. ies olitm, as olitm qs olitms S/he/it is going to help s.t./s.o. iqs olitm, aqs olitm olitis They helped it. qe olitm, olitntp es olitms They are helping it. qe es olitm, es olitmp qs olitms They are going to help it. qeqs olitm, qs olitmp olitmstm S/he/it was helped. olctn helper. (i.e. midwife, subchief.) suffix: ...tn means of/device.
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solctn somebody who helps. prefix: s one who does; suffix: ...tn means of/device. oltemn someone that always likes to help. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ololmu the individual that always helps. suffix: mu the individual who always does. soltum somebody who helps people. prefix: s one who does; suffix: tum of
people.
oli Help. (comm.) olit Help it. (comm.) oltw They helped each other. qe es oltwi We are helping each other. em qes olitms They will be helping it. em qeqes olitm, em qes olitmp ha e u o olit Would you help me. olitn u u I helped till it was done. em olitn m u I will help till its done. em olimn I will help you all. olitmn u es ui t iy I helped you make a canoe. t tl u we qe es olils u yt u hoysts Teresa really was helping us, but she got tired and quit. em olitmstm S/he/it will be helped. qe olils S/he/it helped us. qe olilt Help us. ha es nte iqs olitm Do you want me to help you? utmist seek/ask for help from the spiritual world. (i.e. vision quest.) rt.: oncut prayer/offer. utmisti S/he sought help. n utmisti, utmisti es utmisti S/he is seeking help. nes utmisti, es utmisti qs utmisti S/he is going to seek help. iqs utmisti, qs utmisti es utmistms S/he/it is seeking/asking s.t./s.o. for help. ies utmistm, as utmistm
helpless
tmolcut helpless. tmolcut S/he/it is helpless. n tmolcut, tmolcut es tmolcuti S/he/it is being helpless. nes tmolcuti, es tmolcuti qs tmolcuti S/he/it is going to be helpless. iqs tmolcuti, qs tmolcuti u tmolcut They are helpless. qe u tmolcut, p u tmolcut es tmolcuti They are being helpless. qe es tmolcuti, pes tmolcuti qs tmolcuti They are going to be helpless. qeqs tmolcuti, pqs tmolcuti solctn somebody who helps. prefix: s one who does; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
helper hemlock
ini water hemlock. pt western hemlock.
hen siss ruffed grouse, chicken. See: chicken. heptagon sstit heptagon; has seven flat sides. her cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it.
Words that end in a vowel, like kapi, add sts to make it third person possessive.
m kapists It was her/his/its coffee. kapists His/her/its coffee. q kapists Its going to his/her/its coffee.
Words that end with an n, like omqn, drop the n and add is to make it third person possessive. omqis His/her hair. Animals have, spum fur, so it doesnt say his/her/its hair. Its is omitted. Words that end with an s, like spus, add ts to make it third person possessive.
spusts His/her/its heart.
herd
imi herd animals. imi S/he/it herded. n imi, imi 217
es imi S/he/it is herding. nes imi, es imi qs imi S/he/it is going to herd. nes imi, es imi imi They herded. qe imi, p imi es imi They are herding. qe es imi, pes imi qs imi They are going to herd. qeqs imi, pqs imi isqe, isq herd domestic animals; mainly horses. isqe S/he herded stock. n isqe, isqe es isqei S/he is herding stock. nes isqei, es isqei qs isqei S/he is going to herd stock. iqs isqei, qs isqei isqae They herded stock. qe isqe, p isqe es isqaei They are herding stock. qe es isqei, pes isqei qs isqaei They are going to herd stock. qeqs isqei, pqs isqei cam drive back horses. cam S/he drove back. n cam, cam es cai S/he is driving back. nes cai, es cai qs cai S/he is going to drive back. iqs cai, qs cai cam They drove back. qe cam, p cam es cai They are driving back. qe es cai, pes cai qs cai They are going to drive back. qeqs cai, pqs cai uslisqe drive horses/domestic animals further. uslisqe S/he herded stock. n uslisqe, uslisqe es uslisqei S/he is herding stock. nes uslisqei, es uslisqei qs uslisqei S/he is going to herd stock. iqs uslisqei, qs uslisqei uslisqae They herded stock. qe uslisqe, p uslisqe es uslisqaei They are herding stock. qe es uslisqei, pes uslisqei qs uslisqaei They are going to herd stock. qeqs uslisqei, pqs uslisqei
here
ih Here; this at hand. See: this. ihe These here in hand. ihe u isnittn This is my bedroom. ha ihe ye e Does this one go here?
ie This; here; specifically this one. See: this. e here. e this here. n e I am here. ye this; here. See: this. ye e here; in this place/time.
hermit thrush iwu horthern oriole, Bullocks oriole; hermit thrush. heron sme great blue heron.
smaul black crowned night heron.
hexagon
nstit hexagon; has six flat sides.
hi
hickup hide
wehi hickup. es wehcni S/he is hickuping. nes wehcni, es wehcni tt pelt, hide.
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tts His/her/its hide. intt, antt u ci tt Wheres that hide. el, l suffix indicating hide. culil, uli buckskin, white-tail doe hide. snel white-tail buck hide. sulel black-tail doe hide. puwlnel black-tail buck hide. el bull elk hide. snel cow elk hide. spsel beaver hide. wem hide. wem S/he/it hid. n wem, wem es wei S/he/it is hiding. nes wei, es wei qs wei S/he/it is going to hide. iqs wei, qs wei wem They hid. qe wem, p wem es wei They are hiding. qe es wei, pes wei qs wei They are going to hide. qeqs wei, pqs wei weis S/he/it hid s.t./s.o. wen, went es wems S/he/it is hiding s.t./s.o. ies wem, as wem qs wems S/he/it is going to hide s.t./s.o. iqs wem, aqs wem weis They hid s.t./s.o. qe wentm, wentp es wems They are hiding s.t./s.o. qe es wem, es wemp qs wems They are going to hide s.t./s.o. qeqs wem, qs wemp weistemn someone who always likes to hide. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. wecnm hide your talk, by whispering, by talking a different language; to talk secretly; to gossip. See: gossip. wesm hide the face. See: peek. es nuiselsi S/he/it is wanting to hide. nes nuiselsi, es nuiselsi es nuuiselsi S/he/it persists in wanting to hide. n weist I hid myself. nes weisti t inilmim Im hiding from my boss. em iqs wem I will hide it.
high
nwist up, above, up high. snwist high. (as a measure) t e esnwist How high is it? mus suin snwist four feet high. nwist up, upstairs, up high. nwisl raise up. See: raise. mi nwist npl too high for you guys. e u n ciip t nwist I might have from that high place.
s.t. something fallen (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
hill
esm hill, mountain. rt.: mo a bump. mtu hills. lit. little bumps on the land. esmm mountains. ip esmm S/he ran to the mountains. sq hilltop. sule bare hill or mountain.
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Hidden Lake nm is hidden Lake. him cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it. See: her. hindquarters talm hindquarters.
t talm u nusuwis The hindquarters stuck out.
hip smusn thighs, hip. hippopotamus tanposqn hippopotamus. his cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it. See: her. hiss asas sound of grease dripping on the fire.
i asas Grease is dripping and hitting the fire with that sound. snimn tea kettle.
hit
sim hit/strike with an object. sim S/he struck. n sim, sim es smi S/he is striking. nes smi, es sim qs smi S/he is going to strike. iqs smi, qs sim sim They struck. qe sim, p sim es smi They are striking. qe es smi, pes smi es smi They are going to strike. qeqs smi, pqs smi sntes S/he struck it. snten, snte es sims S/he is striking it. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he is going to strike it. iqs sim, aqs sim sntes They struck it. qe sntes, sntep es sims They are striking it. qe es sim, es simp es sims They are going to strike it. qeqs sim, qs simp ssim somebody who hits. prefix: s one who does. ssmu The individual that always hits. suffix: mu the individual who always does. si Strike. (comm.) sint Strike it. (comm.) sinti All of you strike it. (comm.) si whip, spank. See: whip. sl, s drum; beat a drum. See: drum. sint sume Hit the ball! o snts S/he hit me. ssq strick people; to bat a ball. ssq S/he/it struck people. n ssq, ssq spapqnm strick the head with an object. spapqnm S/he hit the head. n spapqnm, spapqnm es spapqni S/he is hitting the head. nes spapqni, es spapqni qs spapqni S/he is going to hit the head. iqs spapqni, qs spapqni spapqnm They hit the head. qe spapqnm, p spapqnm es spapqni They are hitting the head. qe es spapqni, pes spapqni qs spapqni They are going to hit the head. qeqs spapqni, pqs spapqni spapqis S/he hit s.o. on the head. spapqn, spapqnt es spapqnms S/he is hitting s.o.s head. ies spapqnm, as spapqnm qs spapqnms S/he is going to hit s.o.s head. iqs spapqnm, aqs spapqnm
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spapqis They hit s.o. on the head. qe spapqntm, spapqntp es spapqnms They are hitting s.o.s head. qe es spapqnm, es spapqnmp qs spapqnms They are going to hit s.o.s head. qeqs spapqnm, qs spapqnmp spapqntm S/he/it was hit on the head. lolocin hit multiple times. pu sound of hiting a body. tem hit someone with a projectile object. See: bump. tentes S/he hit s.o. with s.t. tenten, tente es tems S/he is hitting s.o. with s.t. ies tem, as tem qs tems S/he hit s.o. with s.t. iqs tem, aqs tem tapqnm hit someone on the head. es tapqnms S/he hit s.o. on the head. o tapqntm I got hit on the head. ntawsqntm S/he/it was hit on the head. ntaqsntm S/he/it was hit on the nose. coqm almost hit by something; missed by something. o coqmstm I was almost hit by something. cum punch with fist. See: punch. cunct punch ones self. See: punch. noqsm punch someone in the nose. See: punch. coqin beat. See: beat. fight, verbally or physically, ones spouse. See: fight. nmim flick with the finger; to smutt; to place a bet down. See: smutt. qosusm slap in the face. See: slap. im punish; to spank or whip. See: punish.
hitchhike
does.
snnam, snna hitchhiker/hobo. rt.: na steal; prefix: s one who
ntaqs hitchhike. lit. something on the road. es ntaqsi S/he is hitchhiking. nes ntaqsi, es ntaqsi nstaqs walk on the road. rt.: ist walk; circumfix: naqs nose, road. nstaqsi S/he/it walked on the road. n nstaqsi, nstaqsi es nstaqsi S/he/it is walking on the road. nes nstaqsi, es nstaqsi qs nstaqsi S/he/it is going to walk on the road. iqs nstaqsi, qs nstaqsi
nose, road.
ntutaqs walk on a road; referring to more than one person. rt.: tuut they walk; circumfix: naqs (s.t.) something ntutaqs They walked on the road. qe ntutaqs, p ntutaqs es ntutaqsi They are walking on the road. qe es ntutaqsi, pes ntutaqsi qs ntutaqsi They are going to walk on the road. qeqs ntutaqsi, pqs ntutaqsi
s.t. something
hive
su beehive. rt.: su bee; suffix: e house.
ho
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hoary marmot sm groundhog; woodchuck; marmot. hobble llisqetn, llisq hobblings. rt.: im tie up; suffix: sqe domestic animal;
mainly referring to horse or car; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
acisqetn, acisq hobblings. rt.: acim tie; suffix: sqe domestic animal; mainly
referring to horse or car; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
hobo
snnam, snna hitchhiker/hobo. rt.: na steal; prefix: s one who does.
stal walk on wood/railroad track. rt.: ist walk; suffix: al wood. es stali S/he is walking on the tracks. nes stali, es stali
hog hold
nppqs hog, pig. rt.: pit thick; circumfix: naqs nose, road. lo pig, bacon, pork, ham. (approximation to French word) stm hold something in the hand; to be in possession of something. ests S/he/it held s.t. estn, est es ests S/he/it is holding s.t. es estn, es est qs ests S/he/it is going to hold s.t. qs estn, qs est ests They held s.t. qe estn, estp es ests They are holding s.t. qe es estn, es estp qs ests They are going to hold s.t. qeqs estn, qs estp es stm It is being held. ha es est Are you holding it?
nmtnct hold yourself. es nmtnctisti S/he is holding his/her self. nes nmtnctisti, es nmtnctisti qs nmtnctisti S/he is going to hold his/her self. iqs nmtnctisti, qs nmtnctisti es nmisti S/he is hugging. nes nmisti, es nmisti yomim hold something steady. rt.: yoyoot strong. yomstes S/he/it held s.t. steady. yomsten, yomste es yomims S/he/it is holding s.t. steady. ies yomim, as yomim qs yomims S/he/it is going to hold s.t. steady. iqs yomim, aqs yomim yomstes They held s.t. steady. qe yomstem, yomstep es yomims They are holding s.t. steady. qe es yomim, es yomimp qs yomims They are going to hold s.t. steady. qeqs yomim, qs yomimp yomi Hold steady. (comm.) yomint Hold it steady. (comm.) yomspewl hold breath inside the body. rt.: yomim hold steady. See: breathe. yomscin hold breath by closing the mouth. rt.: yomim hold steady. See: breathe. s shake hands; to hold hands. See: shakehands. im grasp on to something. See: grasp.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural emut R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
hold back
emtupsm keep someone from doing something; hold someone back. rt.:
sit; suffix: ups, ps butt, tail.
emtupsis S/he held s.o. back. emtupsn, emtupsnt es emtupsms S/he is holding s.o. back. ies emtupsm, as emtupsm qs emtupsms S/he is going to hold s.o. back. iqs emtupsm, aqs emtupsm
wife is sitting on his tail.)
es emtupsms tisi t nons Big Blankets wife is keeping him home. (lit. Big Blankets
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hole
es It has a hole. o puncture. nne have pierced ears. See: earrings. ne bore eared. one bore ears. smu pierce. See: pierce.
nlp fall into a hole. See: fall. sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. len hole in side of ridge.
holiday holler
tunt slalt big day; holiday.
wm yell, holler; to talk shouting. wm S/he hollered. n wm, wm es wi S/he is hollering. nes wi, es wi qs wi S/he is going to holler. iqs wi, qs wi weis They hollered. qe wm, p wm es wei They are hollering. qe es wi, pes wi qs wei They are going to holler. qeqs wi, pqs wi wis S/he hollered at s.o. wn, wnt es wms S/he is hollering at s.o. ies wm, as wm qs wms S/he is going to holler at s.o. iqs wm, aqs wm weis They hollered at s.o. qe wntm, wntp es wems They are hollering at s.o. qe es wm, es wmp qs wems They are going to holler at s.o. qeqs wm, qs wmp swewm somebody who calls out; an auctioneer. prefix: s one who does. wewmu someone who always hollers while talking. suffix: mu the individual who
always does.
swm somebody that hollers/repeats at a Medicine Dance. prefix: s one who does. wewm auction. See: auction. wi Holler. (comm.) wnt Holler at s.o. (comm.) wewil hollering around. wenwe hollering at each other. coim scream. See: scream. coi It screamed. lulucin make the yell sound of women. (i.e., of victory, honor, recognition) lulucin S/he yelled. n lulucin, lulucin oim yell out; to shout out. (i.e. a war cry) See: yell. lit call on; holler for. See: call.
hollow es ne hollow. rt.: It has a hole; suffix: ee the inside of something, body. holy pptwil S/he became holy.
sent sppt The Holy Ghost.
home
snlitn place of living, dwelling; home. rt.: li live in; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: 223
emut at home; sitting. emut S/he was at home. n emut, emut es emuti S/he is at home. nes emuti, es emuti qs emuti S/he is going to be at home. iqs emuti, qs emuti
homesick uplsm, up lonesome, to miss someone. honey so lamn honey, bee syrup.
so sasts honey, bees smear. so mne honey, bee excement.
See: lonesome.
honey suckle iliyal, iliya honey suckle, clematis virgins bower. hooded merganser tne hooded merganser. hoof ssin cloven hoofs. rt.: saq split; suffix: ...in, n feet. See: split.
uciln dew claws. lo uciln pigs feet.
hook
min hook for pulling or catching. estn hook for hanging things on. e snag/hook on something. us snag/hook something by the eye. usntm S/he/it got snaged/hooked in the eye.
nl snag fish. See: snag. s, link something together.

See: chain.
qye, q fish. See: fish. n qye I fished a little.
hoop game hop
icqle hoop game. (a childrens game)
ilmintn hoop game sticks. suffix: tn means of/device. nttlqpnct do a little jump, hop. nttlqpnct S/he/it hopped. n nttlqpnct, nttlqpnct es nttlqpncti S/he/it is hopping. nes nttlqpncti, es nttlqpncti qs nttlqpncti S/he/it is going to hop. iqs nttlqpncti, qs nttlqpncti nttlqpncut They hopped. qe nttlqpnct, p nttlqpnct es nttlqpncuti They are hopping. qe es nttlqpncti, pes nttlqpncti qs nttlqpncuti They are going to hop. qeqs nttlqpncti, pqs nttlqpncti nmusls hope. nmuslsm S/he/it hoped. n nmuslsm, nmuslsm es nmuslsi S/he/it is hoping. nes nmuslsi, es nmuslsi qs nmuslsi S/he/it is going to hope. iqs nmuslsi, qs nmuslsi nmuslsm They hoped. qe nmuslsm, p nmuslsm es nmuslsi They are hoping. qe es nmuslsi, pes nmuslsi qs nmuslsi They are going to hope. qeqs nmuslsi, pqs nmuslsi nmuslsis S/he/it hoped for s.t. nmuslsn, nmuslsnt es nmuslsms S/he/it is hoping for s.t. ies nmuslsm, as nmuslsm qs nmuslsms S/he/it is going to hope for s.t. iqs nmuslsm, aqs nmuslsm nmuslsis They hoped for s.t. qe nmuslsntm, nmuslsntp
hope
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es nmuslsms They are hoping for s.t. qe es nmuslsm, es nmuslsmp qs nmuslsms They are going to hope for s.t. qeqs nmuslsm, qs nmuslsmp em qes nmuslsms S/he/it will be hoping for s.t.. nmuslsm em qes nmuslsms They will be hoping for s.t. nmuslsmp em iqes nmuslsm, em aqes em qeqes nmuslsm, em qes
mi hope/wish mi ent anel Wish you would wash you hands. mi ta qs ipeys yeta I hope it doesnt rain today. mi tam qs ipeysi e lu I hope its not raining this evening.
horn
qmin antlers; horns.
eln suffix indicating antler or horn. ususneln long horn. uususneln more than one long horn. ususneln long horn cow. usneln unicorn. omin car horn. rt.: oim yell out; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
hornet horse
su wasp, bee, hornet. snasqe, snasq horse. rt.: sne cow elk; suffix: sqe domestic animal,
horse, car.
nmlmlpls, nmlml stallion. suffix: epls testicle. napls gelding. suffix: epls testicle. sqltmsqe, sqltmsq male horse in general. rt.: sqltmi man. suse, su female animal; mare. suse, su little female animal; filly. qi colt. s, yearling. musqe, musq yearling. simtsqe, simtsq young horse. otsqe, otsq old horse. cin horse. lit. something that grazes. See: graze. sncasqe, sncasq shetland pony. stsqe, stsq pack horse, pack mule. prefix: s one who does. sncmi draft/work horse. nptisqetn hunting horse. suffix: ...tn means of/device. mmi pacer/prancer. snii race horse. suypsqe American stock, horses, cattle,etc. semesqe French stock, horses, cattle, etc. sncmi team of horses. sqe branded horse. es aisqe, es aisq It is shod. es aein It has shoes on. sne split eared. tpne cropped eared. rt.: tim cut off. mne read eared. tups bob tailed. rt.: tim cut off. ne bore eared. rt.: It has a hole.
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one bore ears. alqin strawberry roan. il bay or chestnut horse. ol brown horse. umel light yellow horse i apaloosa. ip apaloosa. sapsqe apaloosa. rt.: saptnia Nez Perce. amqn roan horse. pqas bald face horse. es ayqn blue-gray horse. esi, esi pinto. lit. it has spots. i l, i brown; its brown. i e buckskin horse. i pl, i p mouse colored; its faded. i il bay horse; its red. i i gray; its gray. i pl, i p cream horse with black tail. i piqlps, i pi palamino. (cream horse with white tail) i e sorrell horse. i ay black; its black. sqe, sq suffix indicating horses, domestic animals, or vehicles. isqem pack a horse. See: pack. lisqe, lisq change horses. See: change. acacsqe, acacsq break horses. See: break. osqe construct a fence for domectic animals. See: fence. ttqnsqe, ttqnsq spur a horse. See: spur. acpasqe bridle a horse. See: bridle. aisqe, aisq feed horses/domestic animals. See: feed. tesqe mark a horse/domestic animal with the hand. See: brand. tqmsqe, tqmsq chase after domestic animals; mainly horses. See: chase. aymsqe, aymsq trade horses/domestic animals. See: trade. isqe brand a horse/domectic animal with a hot iron. See: brand. klisqe, klisq borrow horses and domestic animals. See: borrow. nplsqe, nplsq bring domestic animals, horses inside. See: enter. ntisqe saddle a horse. See: saddle. ntmsqe, ntmsq drive a car, wagon, or team of horse. See: drive. numsqe, numsq bring one domestic animal, horse inside. See: bring. osqe lose a domestic animal, horse, car. See: lost. imsqe, ymsq take/bring along domestic animals/horses. See: bring. qisqe, qisq chase/whip away horses; to drive horses and stock. See: chase. talsqe, talsq loose/untie a horse/domestic animal. See: untie. tmsqe, tmsq bring a horse to water. See: bring. tusqe, tusq buy horses and domestic animals. See: buy. umsqe, umsq bring domestic animals/horses somewhere. See: bring. asqe, asq look for domestic animals, horse, car. See: look. psqe, psq win a domestic animal, horse, car. See: win. uslisqe drive horses/domestic animals further. See: drive. anmsqe, anmsq oats; horse food. Rt. in eat.
horseback
mts, mt ride/straddle something (one person). R.t.: emut sit.; suffix: s 226
middle, center. See: ride.
autsm, aut ride/straddle something (several people). R.t.: ayewt sit of several people.;
suffix: s middle, center. See: ride.
horsefly horseshoe
tnq horsefly.
aisqetn, aisq horseshoe. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aaisqetn, aaisq horseshoes. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
aisqe, aisq shod/shoe a horse. aisqe S/he/it shod. n aisqe, aisqe es aisqei S/he/it is shoeing. nes aisqei, es aisqei qs aisqei S/he/it is going to shoe. iqs aisqei, qs aisqei aisqe They shod. qe aisqe, p aisqe es aisqei They are shoeing. qe es aisqei, pes aisqei qs aisqei They are going to shoe. qeqs aisqei, pqs aisqei es aaisqei S/he/it is shoeing horses. nes aaisqei, es aaisqei es aisqe, es aisq It is shod. es aein It has shoes on.
horsetail, scouring rush horse mint

titi horse mint.
un scouring rush horsetail.
nsses, nsse horse tail. (something joined together) lsisq horse mint.
horse race siio horse race. hose nee hose. rt.: o hole; suffix: ee the inside of something, body.
ha ep nee Do you have a hose. oomttn hose. rt.: oom strung out; suffix: et, t liquid.; suffix: tn means of/device. nuletn spread water on the ground; water the ground; sprinkle. See: sprinkle. in splash/spread water. See: water.
hospital hot
snallstn hospital; place of the sick. rt.: alels sick; prefix: sn a place of;
suffix: tn means of/device.
a hot. i a Its hot. es ami S/he/it is hot. nes ami, es ami qs ami S/he/it is going to be hot. iqs ami, qs ami a It got hot. sa heat. i ae It is hot inside. le hot land. nai have a hot back. at when someone sits by you and is hot. i a o Its hot outside. i a yeta Its hot today. mi i a It is too hot. ha ami Are you hot? bright; the red-hot glow of something heated. e It got bright/red-hot. i s Theyre red-hot (of s.t. round like rocks). 227
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively es i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
sn red-hot rocks; glowing rocks. mn flashlight (a thing that glows). ee Its light inside. e i s t m tal qs pi When theyre red-hot, then you start your baking. qe ee The room/house were in lit up. c warm. See: warm. e get hot from some heat source. See: heat.
hotel
snccitn An overnight camping place; hotel, motel. rt.: cci camp overnight; prefix: sn
hot dog sen, se intestine; sausage/hot dog/wiener. Hot Springs nayyy hot springs water. hour ncnncut make a complete revolution; to make a circle; to meet ones own foot
prints/tracks. This word is used to describe cycles such as birthdays, and the telling of time in showing
hours. rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot; suffix: cut action to the self. See: around.
ncnncut S/he/it went clear around, its his/her birthday. n ncnncut, ncnncut ha ncnncut Did you make it clear around, is it your birthday? ncnncut spni one time around the clock. nnncu How many hours? stes u sqlt e a mus sncnncut Shes turning the meat over and over for three of four hours. nu slli spni one hour. nu slli spni one minute, one second.
house
cit house. ctcit (pl.)
e, suffix indicating house or tipi. tn big house. n, im little house. nmqne top or peak of the house. ne How many houses/tipis are there? rt.: in how many; suffix: e house ne 1 house. esle 2 houses. ele 3 houses. mus 4 houses. clste 5 houses. nste 6 houses. se 7 houses. henme 8 houses. upnste 10 houses. upnste e nu 11 houses. e many of houses. ne How many houses do you have. mi u n e I only have one little house. s.t. something
housefly how
mtn housefly.
n sle t matn I killed two flies. t e ei How; what kind? t e ei u imintis How is his/her pencil/pen? (what color; what kind?) (nu imintn i il
nu imintn i ay One is red and one is black.)
e u ei How is it (like)? e u ei u ntltlqpnct How do you jump? (ha iqs etm Should I show you?) e u ei u ie unt How do you fix it? e u ei u ie es awst How do you
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally u Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
228
say it? e u ei u ie es ust e sncut t uuse How do you prepare eggs when you cook them? e m a How is it done? m astn How should I do it. u ast How did you do it. e m a m ti i How do you get candy?
how is it how many
e question inquiring about the state of s.t./s.o. See: happen.
in How many/much? (of a number i.e. money, time) snspent How old is s/he/it? ne How many houses/tipis are there? nast How many days? suffix: ast sky, day. nnncu How many hours? inn How many people are there? in n t sw How many fish did you catch? t in u es nte How much do you want? in u henm How much is eight? in ie How much is this? in u asemt How much do you weight?
howl
qe hewilt We are being howled at by a dog scout.
hu
hubcap minenetn hubcap. suffix: ...tn means of/device. huckleberry saq, sa huckleberry. rt.: i sweet; suffix: aq smell.
sal huckleberry bush. n mn sa I like huckleberries. sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas). rt.: sim
hug
nmist hug. es nmisti S/he is hugging. nes nmisti, es nmisti qs nmisti S/he is going to hug. iqs nmisti, qs nmisti es nmisti They are hugging. qe es nmisti, pes nmisti qs nmisti They are going to hug. qeqs nmisti, pqs nmisti es nnmisti S/he is hugging more than once. nes nnmisti, es nnmisti
hummingbird i hummingbird. hundred noqn, noq one hundred. hungry smltn, sm hungry.
smltn S/he/it was hungry. n smltn, smltn es smltni S/he/it is hungry. nes smltni, es smltni qs smltni S/he/it is going to be hungry. iqs smltni, qs smltni smeltn They were hungry. qe smltn, p smltn es smeltni They are hungry. qe es smltni, pes smltni qs smeltni They are going to be hungry. qeqs smltni, pqs smltni smemlt The children were hungry. e qe es sm Were hungry too. ci hoy ssm S/he camped and was hungry.
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nee crave food. See: crave.
hunt
ip hunt. ip S/he/it hunted. n ip, ip es pmi S/he/it is hunting. nes pmi, es pmi qs pmi S/he/it is going to hunt. iqs pmi, qs pmi ip They hunted. qe ip, p ip es pmi They are hunting. qe es pmi, pes pmi qs pmi They are going to hunt. qeqs pmi, pqs pmi pnts S/he/it hunted s.t. pntn, pnt es pims S/he/it is hunting s.t. ies pim, as pim qs pims S/he/it is going to hunt s.t. iqs pim, aqs pim pntes They hunted s.t. qe pntm, pntp es pims They are hunting s.t. qe es pim, es pimp qs pims They are going to hunt s.t. qeqs pim, qs pimp pntm S/he/it was hunted. sip hunter. prefix: s one who does. snptin hunting place. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: tn means of/device. snpmintn hunting place. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: mintn tool. ip Hunt. (comm.) pint Hunt it. (comm.) pntn u sne I hunted a cow elk.
eym fall hunt; hunt during the Fall/Autumn. See: Fall time. eym S/he Fall hunted. n eym, eym es eymi S/he is Fall hunting. nes eymi, es eymi qs eymi S/he is going to Fall hunt. iqs eymi, qs eymi sneytim Fall time hunting place. e o ip sey e qe awntm qe es eymi When we hunt in the Fall time we say we are Fall hunting. u ssi sqeli ie esya e ep sneytin aley e iim u sneytiis The people long ago all had Fall hunting places; every Fall they would move to their Fall hunting place. es wiqcei buffalo hunting (spring/summer).
hunting bow ci hunting bow. husband slwi husband.

selwi little husband.
See: bow.
ta tam iq selwi No he is not going to be my husband.
husky hurry
tisqli, tisq big person, husky.
est, e hurry. est S/he/it hurried. n est, est es esti S/he/it is hurring. nes esti, es esti qs esti S/he/it is going to hurry. iqs esti, qs esti eest They hurried. qe est, p est es eesti They are hurring. qe es esti, pes esti qs eesti They are going to hurry. qeqs esti, pqs esti est Hurry up. (comm.)
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estwi All of you hurry up. (comm.) ime e You should hurry. un qs e I made her hurry. im anxious, in a hurry. im S/he was anxious. n im, im es ii S/he is anxious. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to be anxious. iqs ii, qs ii iim They are anxious. qe im, p im es iii They are anxious. qe es ii, pes ii qs iii They are going to be anxious. qeqs ii, pqs ii imt S/he is lively in working. n imt, imt al u es ii Hes always anxious. ta qes im Dont be in a hurry. u es ii Where are you in a hurry to. pmmap hurry along. pmmap S/he/it hurried along. n pmmap, pmmap es pmpma S/he/it is hurrying along. nes pmpma, es pmpma qs pmpma S/he/it is going to hurry along. iqs pmpma, qs pmpma wamistm, wami run walk; hurry along; run in a feminine manner. See: run. aip go fast, hurry. (on foot, by car, or on horseback) See: fast.
hurt
lup get hurt. lup S/he/it got hurt. n lup, lup lpnunm hurt or harm someone. lpnuis S/he/it hurt s.o. lpnun, lpnunt es lpnunms S/he/it is hurting s.o. ies lpnunm, as lpnunm qs lpnunms S/he/it is going to hurt s.o. iqs lpnunm, aqs lpnunm lpnuis They hurt s.o. qe lpnuntm, lpnuntp es lpnunm They are hurting s.o. qe es lpnunm, es lpnunmp qs lpnunm They are going to hurt s.o. qeqs lpnunm, qs lpnunmp lpemn someone who always gets hurt. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. lemlmt ta is lup Thank you Im not hurt. ta es int ie lup S/he isnt afraid to get hurt. ha lup Did you get hurt? lup isuin I hurt my foot.
nipels have hurt feelings. nipels S/he got hurt feelings. n nipels, nipels es nipelsi S/he has hurt feelings. nes nipelsi, es nipelsi qs nipelsi S/he is going to have hurt feelings. iqs nipelsi, qs nipelsi nipels They got hurt feelings. qe nipels, p nipels es nipelsi They have hurt feelings. qe es nipelsi, pes nipelsi qs nipelsi They are going to have hurt feelings. qeqs nipelsi, pqs nipelsi nipelsts S/he hurt s.o.s feelings. nipelstn, nipelst es nipelsms S/he is hurting s.o.s feelings. ies nipelsm, as nipelsm qs nipelsms S/he is going to hurt s.o.s feelings. iqs nipelsi, aqs nipelsm nipelsts They hurt s.o.s feelings. qe nipelstm, nipelstp es nipelsms They are hurting s.o.s feelings. qe es nipelsm, es nipelsmp qs nipelsms They are going hurt s.o.s feelings. qeqs nipelsm, qs nipelsmp o nipelsts S/he hurt my feelings. numt get injured; to have a long lasting sickness. See: injure.
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al, a achy; sore; hurting; in pain. See: ache. i Tender (as, a sore spot). See: tender.
hurtful hyena
nallcn say hurtful words. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. nallcn S/he said hurtful words. n nallcn, nallcn es nallcni S/he is saying hurtful words. nes nallcni, es nallcni onctemn nosmi hyena. lit. laughing dog. Please write in this book any Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write them in this book. Lemlmt Tachini
I
I, me ice
suymt ice. es ati when the water keeps freezing over the ice. in water over ice.
oy me; I; it is me. oy u n cqe Im the one that went out. oy u n ep ye tunt iuyn This big car is mine, Im the one that has a big car. ci i nu t oy m n The other one Ill take. ta es mistn t oy I didnt know. ta, oy u n ep pus No, thats my cat. ta, tam oy u es nsucnmi, u es cuymms, tam oy. No, Its not me hes come proposing to hes come to visit her, not me.
n, ntn, stn transitive pronoun suffix indicating the 1st person (I). witn I saw it. n, nes, iqs intransitive pronoun particle indicating the 1st person (I). nes iti Im sleeping.
ice skate
pep ice skate. es pepi S/he is ice skating. nes pepi, es pepi qs pepi S/he is going to ice skating. iqs pepi, qs pepi ta qs tam qeqs pepi We have to go ice skating. siuymet icicle. suffix: et, t liquid. siuyme icicle off a house. siuymtal icicle off a tree. nuymaqs icicle off the nose. uymups icicle off a tail. scntels idea. rt.: ntels want; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. n ep scntls I have an idea. ep scntls You have an idea.
icicle
idea
scpem, scp thoughts, idea. rt.: paem think; prefix: sc s.t. thats
done/made/prepared.
if not
ie might happen. ie n eyt I might get in trouble. i n cqe I might have to go outside.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally been Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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ignite
ulus ignite, light.
ulusis S/he light it. ulusn, ulusnt em ulusn I will light it.
ignore
nuuwen ignore; not pay attention; not hear. lit. fart on the ear. nuuwen S/he ignored. n nuuwen, nuuwen es nuuwen S/he is ignoring. nes nuuwen, es nuuwen qs nuuwen S/he is going to ignore. iqs nuuwen, qs nuuwen i es nuuwen Gee, you cant hear.
ill
alls, al ill, sick. See: sick. ca hurt, sick. See: sick. alsi hurting inside, sick (in ones mind). See: sick. alsi sick to your stomach. (i.e., heartburn, ate too much) See: sick. esslsm sick to the stomach; nauseated. See: nauseated. talsm have a burning inside your stomach. (i.e. heartburn) rt.: ta Bitter; spicy. See:
nauseated.
imitate
alm do as someone/something; imitate. See: do. alm S/he/it did like (s.o./s.t.). n alm, alm almsts S/he did s.t. like s.t./s.o. almstn, almst es almisms S/he is doing s.t. like s.t./s.o. ies almism, as almism qs almisms S/he is going to do s.t. like s.t./s.o. iqs almism, aqs almism ailmsts They did s.t. like s.t./s.o. qe almstm, almstp es almisms They are doing s.t. like s.t./s.o. qe es almism, es almismp qs almisms They are going to do s.t. like s.t./s.o. qeqs almism, qs almismp almstes S/he did s.t. wtih s.t./s.o. almsten, almste almstes They did s.t. wtih s.t./s.o. qe almstem, almstep alemn someone who always likes to act like s.t./s.o. suffix: emn one who always likes to
do.
naltn ways, customs, the way one acts. es almnweisti They are acting like each other. almnweisti e m alm How will it perform/be; what will it do? ste u le u alm Why did you do this way? nes ali t ote Im acting like a baby. qe es almnweisti, pes
in
particle indicating in, on, with. mut es i S/he sat (perched) in a tree. n swene t sme incit I heard a grizzly bear in my house. n prefix indicating in, inside. ni sweet in the liquid. es nu It lays in. nu go inside, enter. (sl.) See: enter. npil go inside, enter. (pl.) See: enter. e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert.
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incite, push n eami Im inciting to evil. indent i indent in skin. (i.e. when you take your belt off.)
epm indent something. (i.e., skin, etc.) es epi S/he has an indented. nes epi, es epi es epncuti S/he indent his/her self. nes epncuti, es epncuti es Its dented. See: dent.
Indian
sqli person, Indian. sqlqeli people, Indians. sqliule Indian land. e ep sqli u cnpil u u sli There were already people here when the Salish came in.
sli Salish, Bitterroot Salish (Self identification term). qemi Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). qayaqn, qa Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille term). setmcin Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake.setmcin Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at wide; suffix: et, t liquid. (Self identification
term)
setmi Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at wide; suffix: et, t
liquid. (Qlispel term) (Self identification term)
qlispl, qlisp Kalispel, Lower Pend dOreille. rt.: qal fresh, raw. snmene Spokan. sicwi Coeur dAlne. sylpet, sye Colville. unaqin, unaqi Okanagan. rt.: wi see; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top. sna Southern Okanagan. sipi San Poil. smlqmi Methow. sqls Kootenai. sqlqlse (pl.) sen, se Blackfeet. rt.: ay black; suffix: ...in, n feet. snlsi Blood. saptnia Nez Perce. slapa Nez Perce. iaqme Yakima. nustaptne, nusta Assiniboine. qqayus Cheyenne. snuwepcn, snuwe Shoshoni. snuwepcn, snuwe Lemi band of the Shoshoni. sltlnu, nu Sioux. nu Cree. stemiistn, stemi Crow. ayiint Mountain Crow. 234
oi Navajo. lleptn, lle Pueblo. altule sqeli Eskimo.
Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian
broth sst, ss soup, broth. carrot sum carrot. Flag sla eagle feather staff. ice cream sosm foam berries; Indian ice cream. paintbrush sll siis Indian paintbrush; Thunders spark. soup scnpet, scnpe soup, something put in the water. prefix: sc s.t. thats
i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it.
been done/made/prepared; suffix: et, t liquid.
Indian suitcase
See: pattern.
snu Indian suitcase.
infatuate
sme infatuated with someone or something; having a good time; lucky. sme S/he was infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). n sme, sme es sme S/he is infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). nes sme, es sme qs sme S/he is going to be infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). iqs sme, qs sme sme They was infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). qe sme, p sme es sme They are infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). qe es sme, pes sme qs sme They are going to be infatuated with (s.o./s.t.). qeqs sme, pqs sme ha es sme Are you infatuated with (s.o./s.t.)?
infect nil got poisoned; got infected. infrequent alwi Shows up once in awhile.
acin Spoke up (once in a while).
injure
numt get injured; to have a long lasting sickness. numt S/he/it was injured. n numt, numt es numti S/he/it is injured/sick. nes numti, es numti qs numti S/he/it is going to be injured/be sick. iqs numti, qs numti snumt An unexpected accident; an injury; sickness. ep snumt S/he/it has an injury/sickness. n ep snumt, ep snumt
in-law
st brother-in-law of a male. sestm brother-in-law of a female. cc mother-in-law. sa father-in-law. is sister-in-law of a female or male. nitn brother- or sister-in-law after death/separation/divorce of sibling. sn son-in-law. spn daughter-in-law. slp Son- or daughter-in-law after death of spouse. snite innards. tiule insect, bug. lit. Earth crawler. rt.: tiye crawl; suffix: ule land.
innards insect
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es tiulei It is crawling on the ground. titiule insects, bugs. ttiule little insect, bug. nopoplst, npopls water insects, bugs. yan angleworm, earthworm. see: worm.
insert
e put/place/squeeze inside something; inserted between.
nemusct, nemusc put ones self between something. See: between. neule put in the ground. (i.e. planting, etc.) See: plant. net sink. See: sink. ein shoe, moccasin. See: shoe. aisq horseshoe. See: shoe. es middle son or daughter. lit. placed in the middle. See: son. nelsm engaged in some activity; to have business; to take care of something. See:
business.
neupsm insert something in the butt. See: intercourse. nesm insert something in between (i.e. making a sandwich, between ojects, etc.). nesis S/he inserted s.t. in between s.t. newsn, nesnt es nesms S/he is inserting s.t. in between s.t. ies newsm, as newsm qs nesms S/he is going to insert s.t. in between s.t. iqs newsm, aqs newsm scnes something thats been inserted between; sandwich. See: sandwich.
inside
niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. niut the inside. nite The inside the body/hollow object. rt.: iut down; suffix: ee inside hollow
object, body.
e suffix indicating the inside of a hollow object or body.

snite innards. rt.: iut down. nece Its warm in here. rt.: ec warm. nae Its warm in here. rt.: a hot. nlp fall into. See: fall. nupanm put the arm inside. rt.: um Stab, sting. nupani Put your arm inside. (i.e., inside a sleeve, etc.) (comm.) nupaqstnm put the leg inside. rt.: um Stab, sting; suffix: aqstn leg. nupaqstni Put your leg inside. (i.e., inside a pant leg, etc.) (comm.) nu go inside, enter. (sl.) See: enter. npil go inside, enter. (pl.) See: enter. e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert.
insist
acni insist/beg. es acni S/he/it is insisting. nes acni, es acni
urge someone; to insist. es ai S/he is insisting. nes ai, es ai mis S/he persuaded s.o. mn, mnt mis They persuaded s.o. qe mntm, mntp msts S/he urged s.o. mstn, mst
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amsts They urged s.o. qe mstm, mstp qil beg, insist, persuade. See: beg.
inspect
aam look at; to inspect. rt.: look. See: look. ais S/he/it inspected s.t. aan, ant es ams S/he/it is inspecting s.t. ies am, as am qs ms S/he/it is going to inspect s.t. iqs am, aqs am aaais They inspected s.t. qe antm, antp es aams They are inspecting s.t. qe es am, es amp qs aams They are going to inspect s.t. qeqs am, qs amp
nas look at/check out something.. rt.: look; s middle, center. See: look. nasis S/he/it check out s.t. nasn, nasnt es nasms S/he/it is checking out s.t. ies nasm, as nasm qs nasms S/he/it is going to check out s.t. iqs nasm, aqs nasm naesis They check s.t. qe antm, antp es naesms They are checking out s.t. qe es nasm, es nasmp qs naesms They are going to check out s.t. qeqs nasm, qs nasmp clnms try out, inspect.
intelligent
sisyus smart, clever, to be good at something. See: smart. tam u smart, extremely good, intelligent, clever. See: good. snse have sexual intercourse. es nse S/he is having sex. nes nse, es nse
intercourse
neupsm insert something in the butt. rt.: e put inside; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. neupsis S/he inserted s.t. in s.o.s butt. neupsn, neupsnt es neupsms S/he is inserting s.t. in s.o.s butt. ies neupsm, as neupsm qs neupsms S/he is going to insert s.t. in s.o.s butt. iqs neupsm, aqs neupsm nesm insert something in between (i.e. vagina, making a sandwich, between ojects, etc..). rt.: e
put inside; suffix: ...s middle, center.
nesis S/he inserted s.t. in s.o.s middle. newsn, nesnt es nesms S/he is inserting s.t. in s.o.s middle. ies newsm, as newsm qs nesms S/he is going to insert s.t. in s.o.s middle. iqs newsm, aqs newsm nemusct, nemusc put ones self between something (i.e. between legs, etc.). See: between. nyemnups stingy with her butt/to refuse sex. rt.: euke stingy; circumfix: nups, ps butt,
tail.
nyemnups She refused sex. n nyemnups, nyemnups es nyemnupsi She is refusing sex. nes nyemnupsi, es nyemnupsi nnmups give her butt/to accept to have sex. rt.: i give; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. nnmups She gave her butt. n nnmups, nnmups es nnmupsi She is giving her butt. nes nnmupsi, es nnmupsi qs nnmupsi She is going to give her butt. iqs nnmupsi, qs nnmupsi nnmupsis She gave her butt to s.o. nnmupsn, nnmupsnt mist give ones self. mist S/he gave his/her self. n mist, mist es misti S/he is giving his/her self. nes misti, es misti qs misti S/he is going to give his/her self. iqs misti, qs misti
interpret
nmicinm interpret someones words. nmicinm S/he interpreted. n nmicinm, nmicinm 237
es nmicini S/he is interpreting. nes nmicini, es nmicini qs nmicini S/he is going to interpret. iqs nmicini, es nmicini nmicinm They interpreted. qe nmicinm, p nmicinm es nmicini They are interpreting. qe es nmicini, pes nmicini qs nmicini They are going to interpret. qeqs nmicini, pqs nmicini nmicncut interpret ones own words. nmicncut S/he interpreted his/her words. n nmicncut, nmicncut es nmicncuti S/he is interpreting his/her words. nes nmicncuti, es nmicncuti qs nmicncuti S/he is going to interpret his/her words. iqs nmicncuti, es nmicncuti nmicncut They interpreted their words. qe nmicncut, p nmicncut es nmicncuti They are interpreting their words. qe es nmicncuti, pes nmicncuti qs nmicncuti They are going to interpret their words. qeqs nmicncuti, pqs nmicncuti nmicncut Interpret your words. (comm.)
interpreter intestine invite involve iron
snmicinm, snmici somebody who interprets. prefix: s one who does.
sn, s small intestine; sausage/hot dog/wiener. suffix: ...en within. son large intestine. suffix: ...en within. n, large intestine. suffix: ...en within. lit call on; holler for. See: call.
n in there; involved. es n S/he was in it, s/he was involved. ululim iron, metal.
emn iron for clothes.
ironing board snmn ironing board. irrigate mals, ma irrigate/water a field, yard, ground.
in splash/spread water. See: water. nuletn spread water on the ground; water the ground; sprinkle. See: sprinkle.
Isabelle seel Isabelle. island ssun island. it cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it. Italian nutn Italian. itch qaup itchy.
qaupcie itchy all over. i qau Its itchy.
See: her.
es qaumi S/he/it is itchy. nes qaumi, es qaumi
qaupqin have an itchy head. qaupqin His/her/its head was itchy. n qaupqin qaupqin es qaupqini His/her/its head is itchy. nes qaupqini es qaupqini qs qaupqini His/her/its head is going to be itchy. iqs qaupqini qs qaupqini quqaupus have an itchy eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. quqaupus His/her/its eyes were itchy. n quqaupus quqaupus
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es quqaupusi His/her/its eyes are itchy. nes quqaupusi es quqaupusi qs quqaupusi His/her/its eyes are going to be itchy. iqs quqaupusi qs quqaupusi nqaupaqs have an itchy nose. nqaupaqs His/her/its nose was itchy. n nqaupaqs, nqaupaqs es nqaupaqsi His/her/its nose is itchy. nes nqaupaqsi, es nqaupaqsi qs nqaupaqsi His/her/its nose is going to be itchy. iqs nqaupaqsi, qs nqaupaqsi nqaupne have an itchy ear. nqaupne His/her/its ear was itchy. n nqaupne nqaupne es nqaupnei His/her/its ear is itchy. nes nqaupnei es nqaupnei qs nqaupnei His/her/its ear is going to be itchy. iqs nqaupnei qs nqaupnei nqauplt have an itchy throat. nqauplt His/her/its throat was itchy. n nqauplt, nqauplt es nqauplti His/her/its throat is itchy. nes nqauplti, es nqauplti qsnqauplti His/her/its throat is going to be itchy. iqs nqauplti, qs nqauplti nqaupns, nqaupn have an itchy lower back. nqaupcn His/her/its back was itchy. n nqaupcn nqaupcn nqaupi have an itchy upper back. nqaupi His/her/its back was itchy. n nqaupi nqaupi es nqaupii His/her/its back is itchy. nes nqaupii es nqaupii qs nqaupii His/her/its back is going to be itchy. iqs nqaupii qs nqaupii nqaupest have an itchy hand. nqaupst His/her/its hand was itchy. n nqaupst nqaupst es nqaupsti His/her/its hand is itchy. nes nqaupsti es nqaupsti qs nqaupsti His/her/its hand is going to be itchy. iqs nqaupsti qs nqaupsti nqaupan have an itchy arm. nqaupan His/her/its arm was itchy. n nqaupan nqaupan es nqaupani His/her/its arm is itchy. nes nqaupani es nqaupani qs nqaupani His/her/its arm is going to be itchy. iqs nqaupani qs nqaupan qaupin have an itchy foot. qaupin His/her/its foot was itchy. n qaupin qaupin es qaupini His/her/its foot is itchy. nes qaupini es qaupini qs qaupini His/her/its foot is going to be itchy. iqs qaupini qs qaupini inqaupups literally: have an itchy butt; figuratively: anxious, restless and unable to sit still.
See: anxious.
J
jacket jail jam
qatlqs, qat coat, jacket. lkepu Coat, jacket. (approximation to French word) snlmin place to be tied up; jail. rt.: lim tied up. i mimn jam; sweet spread.
239
siqaq mimn fruit spread.
January
stu spni January (shaking hands month).
sapsq spni January (shooting month).
Japanese apni Japanese. jar snmn jar; a container of soft squishy stuff.
of; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy; prefix: sn a place
jaw jay
ipe chin, jaw. si blue jay, Stellars jay. lui Canada jay, camp robber, whiskey jay. snal gray jay.
jealous
usi jealousy between a man and woman. es usi S/he is jealous. nes usi, es usi usemn someone who is always jealous. n usemn suffix: emn one who always
likes to do.
usnmlwi go around being jealous. emn someone who is always jealous. suffix: emn one who always likes to do.
jerk
aoye jerk. rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy. See: pile.
awqn jerk, dumb, stupid; broken head. See: dumb. i e ye ta es pusncu S/he was really acting like a jerk.
Jesus Christ job scu Jocko
yesuli Jesus Christ. something thats been worked/made/fixed.

done/made/prepared. See: work.
snumn place, to do work/to make/to fix; a work bench; a work place. tpmnw Jocko Hollow.
cs lit. rock of tree standing on a rock. le little clearing.
Jocko Lake, lower Jocko Lake, upper
nisisutt Shadows in the water. susuet Home of the usu (loon). suffix: et, t liquid.
susue something covered with water time to time.
Jocko River nisisutt nte Jocko River. Jocko Hollow tpmn Rocky cliffs on both sides. Jocko Hollow, northwest iqs The lower end of a mountain. Joe Quequesus Mountain imsi nmns Joe Quequesus mountain. John on John. Johnny oni Johnny.
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join
npss join to things. npsis splice. snppsst knuckle. nsses, nsse horse tail (something joined together).
joke
poscnm tease/joke. poscnm S/he/it joked. n poscnm, poscnm es poscni S/he/it is joking. nes poscni, es poscni qs poscni S/he/it is going to joke. iqs poscni, qs poscni poscanm They joked. qe poscnm, p poscnm es poscani They are joking. qe es poscni, pes poscni qs poscani They are going to joke. qeqs poscni, pqs poscni es poscnms S/he/it is tease/joking s.o. ies poscnm, as poscnm qs poscnms S/he/it is going to tease/joke s.o. iqs poscnm, aqs poscnm sposcnm somebody who teases/jokes. prefix: s one who does. ha mi u es poscni Are you just joking?
wstmm play a prank/joke on someone; do something crazy to someone. wstis S/he played a joke on s.o. wstn, wstnt es wstmms S/he is playing a joke on s.o. ies wstmm, as wstmm qs wstmms S/he is going to play a joke on s.o. iqs wstmm, aqs wstmm es owstmms S/he is playing a jokes repeatedly. owstmm ies owstmm, as
Joseph susp, csep Joseph. Josephine sust Josephine. jovial npiyls, npiy feel happy. juggle nttestes juggle.
circumfix: nels want, feel. See: happy.
nttestes S/he juggled. n nttestes, nttestes es nttestesi S/he is juggling. nes nttestesi, es nttestesi qs nttestesi S/he is going to juggle. iqs nttestesi, qs nttestesi
juice
sset juice. suffix: et, t liquid. sso juice. mumset orange juice. suffix: et, t liquid. aplset apple juice; cider. suffix: et, t liquid. tet grape juice. suffix: et, t liquid. noet cherry juice. suffix: et, t liquid. siqqet berry juice; fruit juice. suffix: et, t liquid. nuy lemon juice; sour liquid. suffix: et, t liquid. syat tomato juice. suffix: et, t liquid.
July jump
esyapqini spni July (month of celebration).
uly July. (approximation to English word) ntlqpnct jump. ntlqpnct S/he/it jumped. n ntlqpnct, ntlqpnct es ntlqpncti S/he/it is jumping. nes ntlqpncti, es ntlqpncti
241
qs ntlqpncti S/he/it is going to jump. iqs ntlqpncti, qs ntlqpncti ntlqpncut They jumped. qe ntlqpnct, p ntlqpnct es ntlqpncuti They are jumping. qe es ntlqpncti, pes ntlqpncti qs ntlqpncuti They are going to jump. qeqs ntlqpncti, pqs ntlqpncti es ntltlqpncti S/he/it is jumping up and down. nes ntltlqpncti, es ntltlqpncti nttlqpnct do a little jump, hop. See: hop. ntlqpnct Jump (comm.) qip jump in something. (i.e., boat, hole, container, etc.) nqip S/he/it jumped in (s.t.). n nqip, nqip es nqpmi S/he/it is jumping in (s.t.). nes nqpmi, es nqpmi qs nqpmi S/he/it is going to jump in (s.t.). iqs nqpmi, qs nqpmi qip S/he/it jumped on (s.t.). n qip, qip es qpmi S/he/it is jumping on (s.t.). nes qpmi, es qpmi qs qpmi S/he/it is going to jump on (s.t.). iqs qpmi, qs qpmi n qip snelintn I jumped on the table.
jumpy e jumpy, nervous, edgy. jump dance tlqem jump dance.
See: nervous.
tlqmi jump dance. es tlqmi S/he is jump dancing. nes tlqmi, es tlqmi nqwistn jump dance. suffix: ...tn means of/device. es nqwistni S/he is jump dance. es si become a Blue Jay at a medicine dance.
June sli spni June (month of the camas). juneberry se juneberry. juniper punp juniper; Rocky Mountain juniper.
iqqnp prickly juniper. rt.: iq Prickly; suffix: ep, p tree; floor.
just
put Just, exactly, even, enough; right then. put S/he/it is just right. n put, put put e S/he/it is just right; enough; fine; okay. put u is mim t s I just ate a huckleberry. put u n it I was just asleep. ta qeqs cuy e ta ps put t sin We wont come if you dont have enough food! ta es cuy put u nes nswcnmi Shes not coming now that Im proposing. put u e Right there. put u in What time is it? s.t. something
K
Kalispel people qlispl, qlisp Kalispel, Lower Pend dOeille. Kalispell snaapa Kalispell. Please write in this book any
Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on
242
Katy ketli Katy. katydid silne cricket. keep im guard; take care of; keep. ketchup sya tcin ketchup. kettle snimn tea kettle. key nehptn, neh key.
See: guard.
rt.: h break free of; circumfix: nep opening; suffix:
kick
tqm kick. tqm S/he/it kicked. n tqm, tqm es tqmi S/he/it is kicking. nes tqmi, es tqmi qs tqmi S/he/it is going to kick. iqs tqmi, qs tqmi tqem They kicked. qe tqm, p tqm es tqmi They are kicking. qe es tqmi, pes tqmi qs tqmi They are going to kick. qeqs tqmi, pqs tqmi tqntes S/he/it kicked s.o./s.t. tqnten, tqnte es tqms S/he/it is kicking s.o./s.t. ies tqm, as tqm qs tqms S/he/it is going to kick s.o./s.t. iqs tqm, aqs tqm tqntes They kicked s.o./s.t. qe tqntem, tqntep es tqems They are kicking s.o./s.t. qe es tqm, es tqmp qs tqems They are going to kick s.o./s.t. qeqs tqm, qs tqmp tqntm S/he/it was kicked. stqem somebody that jumps; the kicker. prefix: s one who does. tqemn someone that always likes to kick. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ttqmu The individual that always kicks. suffix: mu the individual who always does. tqei Kick. (comm.) tqent Kick it. (comm.) tqet Kick it to somebody. (comm.) yoyostqent Kick it hard. (comm.) es tqnwei Theyre kicking each other. tqntm u tisi Big Blanket got kicked. tqem sicms S/he kicked his/her blanket. t tisi u tqnts inpus Big Blanket kicked my cat. t swe u tqntes Who kicked it? o tqet Kick it to me.
tqsqli, tqsq kick a person. suffix: sq, sqli people. es tqsq S/he/it is kicking a person. nes tqsq, es tqsq ntqep kick a door. circumfix: nep opening. es ntqepi S/he is kicking the door. nes ntqepi, es ntqepi qe nttqep somebodys kicking our door. ntqups kick someone in the rear end. circumfix: nups, eps, ps butt, tail. t tisi nqupsis Big Blanket kicked him in the rear end. meminm chase/drive away someone; kick someone out. See: chase.
kids
silt young, child. scclt children, kids. 243
ssilt offspring, children, kids. ssilts Your children. issilt, assilt ssilts Their children. qessilt, ssiltmp
kidnap
ann kidnap. scnn kidnapped prisoner. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. mms Kidneys. (pl.)
kidney ms kidney. kill pulsm kill.
pulsm S/he/it killed. n pulsm, pulsm es pulsi S/he/it is killing. nes pulsi, es pulsi qs pulsi S/he/it is going to kill. iqs pulsi, qs pulsi pulsm They killed. qe pulsm, p pulsm es pulsi They are killing. qe es pulsi, pes pulsi qs pulsi They are going to kill. qeqs pulsi, pqs pulsi pulsts S/he/it killed s.t./s.o. pulstn, pulst es pulsms S/he/it is killing s.t./s.o. ies pulsm, as pulsm qs pulsms S/he/it is going to kill s.t./s.o. iqs pulsm, aqs pulsm pulsts They killed s.t./s.o. qe pulstm, pulstp es pulsms They are killing s.t./s.o. qe es pulsm, es pulsmp qs pulsms They are going to kill s.t./s.o. qeqs pulsm, qs pulsmp pulstm S/he/it was killed. spuls somebody who kills. prefix: s one who does. scpuls something thats been killed. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. splstw Warrior/soldier. prefix: s one who does. pulsi Kill. (comm.) es plstwi They are killing each other. n pulsm t te I killed the elk. pulstn te I killed the elk. o pultm isiss somebody killed my chickens. pulstmt You got killed. ie pulstm t ssnctn S/he/it might get kill by the cook. ste u ascpuls What did you kill? plsqli, plsq killed a person. rt.: puls kill; suffix: sqe, sqeli people. plsq S/he/it killed s.o. n plsq, plsq pulsta kill big animals. n e I killed more than one. ne kill birds or big animals. n ne t qaqe I killed a grouse. es aapi killing small animals. nes aapi t sa I am killing a rabbit. mim Theyre being killed off, killing them all off. es mmims S/he/it is killing them off. ies mmim, as mmim ha es mmims t sn asiss Was the coyote killing your chickens? ha t sn u mmims Was the coyote killing them. omntn Kill a whole bunch. n ele I killed three elk. n sle t matn I killed two flies.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word es comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
killdeer
stiitn killdeer. 244
es lllmisti S/he/it is playing dead. See: die.
kind
nls pity; be a kind person. rt.: nint pity; circumfix: nels want, feel. nls S/he/it was kind. n nls, nls es nlsi S/he/it is being kind. nes nlsi, es nlsi qs nlsi S/he/it is going to be kind. iqs nlsi, qs nlsi nels They were kind. qe nls, p nls es nelsi They are being kind. qe es nlsi, pes nlsi qs nelsi They are going to be kind. qeqs nlsi, pqs nlsi nlsis S/he/it was kind to s.o. nlsn, nlsnt es nlsms S/he/it is being kind to s.o. ies nlsm, as nlsm qs nlsi S/he/it is going to be kind to s.o. iqs nlsm, aqs nlsm nelsis They were kind to s.o. qe nlsntm, nlsntp es nelsms They are being kind to s.o. qe es nlsm, es nlsmp qs nelsms They are going to be kind to s.o. qeqs nlsm, qs nlsmp
est good, kind, nice. t e ei What kind is it? t e ei u sust What kind did s/he/it drink? t e ei u es nsteti What kind do you want to drink?
kingbird
ste, s western kingbird. s small western kingbird??. lis belted kingfisher.
kingfisher kinnikinnick kiss
slis kinnikinnick berries. sls kinnikinnick leaves. mam suck/lick/kiss something. es mams S/he is kissing s.t. ies mams, as mams qs mams S/he is going to kiss s.t. iqs mams, aqs mams
nacnm kiss on the lips. nacnm S/he kissed. n nacnm, nacnm es nacni S/he is kissing. nes nacni, es nacni qs nacni S/he is going to kiss. iqs nacni, qs nacni nacanm They kissed. qe nacnm, p nacnm es nacani They are kissing. qe es nacni, pes nacni qs nacani They are going to kiss. qeqs nacni, pqs nacni nacais S/he kissed s.o. nacan, ntacant es nacnms S/he is kissing s.o. ies nacnm, as nacnm qs nacnms S/he is going to kiss s.o. iqs nacnm, aqs nacnm nacais They kissed s.o. qe nacantm, ntacantp es nacanms They are kissing s.o. qe es nacnm, es nacnmp qs nacanms They are going to kiss s.o. qeqs nacnm, qs nacnmp nacant Kiss s.o. (comm.) es nacnwaisti Theyre kissing each other. o nacnt Kiss me. t mali o nacanis Mary kissed me. ha ie nacant u annon Do you kiss your wife? mosm kiss on the cheek. 245
mosis S/he kissed s.o.s cheek. mosn, mosnt es mosms S/he is kissing s.o.s cheek. ies mosm, as mosm qs mosms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s cheek. iqs mosm, aqs mosm mosis They kissed s.o.s cheek. qe mosntm, mosntp es mosms They are kissing s.o.s cheek. qe es mosm, es mosmp qs mosms They are going to kiss s.o.s cheek. qeqs mosm, qs mosmp mosi Kiss the cheek. (comm.) mosnt Kiss s.o.s cheek. (comm.) o mosnt Kiss my cheek. mesnm kiss on the forehead mesnmis S/he kissed s.o.s forehead. mesnmn, mesnmnt es mesnms S/he is kissing s.o.s forehead. ies mesnm, as mesnm qs mesnms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s forehead. iqs mesnm, aqs mesnm mesnmis They kissed s.o.s forehead. qe mesnmntm, mesnmntp es mesnms They are kissing s.o.s forehead. qe es mesnm, es mesnmp qs mesnms They are going to kiss s.o.s forehead. qeqs mesnm, qs mesnmp mesni Kiss the forehead. (comm.) mesnmnt Kiss s.o.s forehead. (comm.) o mesnmnt Kiss my forehead. malpsm kiss on the neck. malpsis S/he kissed s.o.s neck. malpsn, malpsnt es malpsms S/he is kissing s.o.s neck. ies malpsm, as malpsm qs malpsms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s neck. iqs malpsm, aqs malpsm malpsis They kissed s.o.s neck. qe malpsntm, malpsntp es malpsms They are kissing s.o.s neck. qe es malpsm, es malpsmp qs malpsms They are going to kiss s.o.s neck. qeqs malpsm, qs malpsmp malpsi Kiss the neck. (comm.) malpsnt Kiss s.o.s neck. (comm.) o malpsnt Kiss my neck. mastm kiss on the hand. mastis S/he kissed s.o.s hand. mastn, mastnt es mastms S/he is kissing s.o.s hand. ies mastm, as mastm qs mastms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s hand. iqs mastm, aqs mastm mastis They kissed s.o.s hand. qe mastntm, mastntp es mastms They are kissing s.o.s hand. qe es mastm, es mastmp qs mastms They are going to kiss s.o.s hand. qeqs mastm, qs mastmp masti Kiss the hand. (comm.) mastnt Kiss s.o.s hand. (comm.) o mastnt Kiss my hand. mawsm kiss on the belly. mawsis S/he kissed s.o.s belly. mawsn, mawsnt es mawsms S/he is kissing s.o.s belly. ies mawsm, as mawsm qs mawsms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s belly. iqs mawsm, aqs mawsm mawsis They kissed s.o.s belly. qe mawsntm, mawsntp es mawsms They are kissing s.o.s belly. qe es mawsm, es mawsmp qs mawsms They are going to kiss s.o.s belly. qeqs mawsm, qs mawsmp mawsi Kiss the belly. (comm.) 246
mawsnt Kiss s.o.s belly. (comm.) o mawsnt Kiss my belly. nmam kiss on the back. nmamis S/he kissed s.o.s back. nmamn, nmamnt es nmams S/he is kissing s.o.s back. ies nmam, as nmam qs nmams S/he is going to kiss s.o.s back. iqs nmam, aqs nmam nmamis They kissed s.o.s back. qe nmamntm, nmamntp es nmams They are kissing s.o.s back. qe es nmam, es nmamp qs nmams They are going to kiss s.o.s back. qeqs nmam, qs nmamp nmai Kiss the back. (comm.) nmamnt Kiss s.o.s back. (comm.) o nmamnt Kiss my back. maqstnm kiss on the leg. suffix: aqstn leg. maqstnmis S/he kissed s.o.s leg. maqstnmn, maqstnmnt es maqstnms S/he is kissing s.o.s leg. ies maqstnm, as maqstnm qs maqstnms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s leg. iqs maqstnm, aqs maqstnm maqstnmis They kissed s.o.s leg. qe maqstnmntm, maqstnmntp es maqstnms They are kissing s.o.s leg. qe es maqstnm, es maqstnmp qs maqstnms They are going to kiss s.o.s leg. qeqs maqstnm, qs maqstnmp maqstni Kiss the leg. (comm.) maqstnmnt Kiss s.o.s leg. (comm.) o maqstnmnt Kiss my leg. minm kiss on the foot. minmis S/he kissed s.o.s foot. minmn, minmnt es minms S/he is kissing s.o.s foot. ies minm, as minm qs minms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s foot. iqs minm, aqs minm mainmis They kissed s.o.s foot. qe minmntm, minmntp es mainms They are kissing s.o.s foot. qe es minm, es minmp qs mainms They are going to kiss s.o.s foot. qeqs minm, qs minmp mini Kiss the foot. (comm.) minmnt Kiss s.o.s foot. (comm.) o minmnt Kiss my foot. molem kiss the ground. molem S/he it kissed the ground. n molem, molem es molei S/he is kissing the ground. nes molei, es molei qs molei S/he is going to kiss the ground. iqs molei, qs molei molem They it kissed the ground. qe molem, p molem es molei They are kissing the ground. qe es molei, pes molei qs molei They are going to kiss the ground. qeqs molei, pqs molei nmopsm kiss a butt. circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. nmopsis S/he kissed s.o.s butt. nmopsn, ntmopsnt es nmopsms S/he is kissing s.o.s butt. ies nmopsm, as nmopsm qs nmopsms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s butt. iqs nmopsm, aqs nmopsm nmopsis They kissed s.o.s butt. qe nmopsntm, ntmopsntp es nmopsms They are kissing s.o.s butt. qe es nmopsm, es nmopsmp qs nopsms They are going to kiss s.o.s butt. qeqs nmopsm, qs nmopsmp nmopsi Kiss the butt. (comm.) 247
nmopsnt Kiss s.o.s butt. (comm.) o nmopsnt Kiss my butt. smalqm kiss a penis. o smalqnt Kiss my penis. nmaplsm kiss testicles. o nmaplsnt Kiss my testicles.
kitchen
snsnctn, snsncu place to cook; kitchen, range, cooking stove. prefix: sn a
place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
kite acepl t utn kite. lit. tied flyer. kitten tails eu red bessya, kitten tails, red kitten tails. kleenex snostn anything used to blow your nose; a snot device.
prefix: sn a place of; suffix:
snosmn Anything used to blow your nose; a snot instrument. prefix: sn a place of. nosi Blow your nose. See: snot. naaqstn nose wiper; anything use to wipe the nose. rt.: em wipe; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
knee kneel
smqin knee.
nlpustn, nl kneel. es nepustni S/he/it is kneeling. nes nepustni, es nepustni qs nepustni S/he/it is going to kneel. iqs nepustni, qs nepustni snl kneeler (as in a church). nlepi Kneel. (comm.) nlepwi All of you kneel. (comm.) nllepwi Each one of you kneel. (comm.)
knife
in, i knife. i knives. (pl.) stii big knife. min i hunting knife.
min tool with handle and with serrated edge on the bottom (for cutting meat off a hide). olop pocket knife. titne dagger, knife. si sheath. (for a knife)
knock
ncucup, ncucu knock on a door. circumfix np opening. ncucup S/he knocked. n ncucup, ncucup es ncucupi S/he is knocking. nes ncucupi, es ncucupi qs ncucupi S/he is going to knock. iqs ncucupi, qs ncucupi ncucuep They knocked. qe ncucup, p ncucup es ncucuepi They are knocking. qe es ncucupi, pes ncucupi qs ncucuepi They are going to knock. qeqs ncucupi, pqs ncucupi ep es ncucu somebody is knocking at the door. cute knocked once. See: hit.
knock out
nppqan get knocked out; out of the head; dizzy, silly, buzzed. 248
es nppqan S/he is dizzy. nes nppqan, es nppqan
knot know
snacsss knot.
m know. es mistes S/he/it knows s.t. es misten, es mist es mistes They know s.t. qe es mistm, es mistp es t mistn I already knew it. ha es mist u es ipeysi Do you know its raining? ta es misten u sests I dont know his/her name. ta es mistn I dont know. ha es mist Do you know?
miule know a place or area. suffix: ule land. es miulests S/he/it knows the place. es miulestn, es miulest es miulests They know the place. qe es miulestm, es miulestmp ta es miulestn I Dont know that place. es mimiulestn I know those places. snnmiep know about something; aware of something. (of something far-off) es snnmiepsts S/he knows about it. es snnmiepstn, es snnmiepst es snnmiepstms They know about it. qe es snnmiepstm, es snnmiepstm es t snnmiepstn I already knew it (definitly knew it). ha ep ssnnmiep e upcin Do you have knowledge/an idea of when s/he will be quite? misct know about something; aware of something. (something in the immediate area) es misct S/he knows about it; is aware of it. nes misct, es misct es miscut They know about it; is aware of it. qe es misct, pes misct ta es misct S/he is unaware, didnt know about it. es t miscu S/he knew it. es t miscu They knew it. mipnunm figure out something; find out something; finally understand; learn. mipnuis S/he/it found s.t. out. mipnun, mipnunt es mipnunms S/he/it is finding s.t. out. ies mipnunm, as mipnunm qs mipnunms She/it is going to find s.t. out. iqs mipnunm, aqs mipnunm mipnuis They found s.t. out. qe mipnuntm, mipnuntp es mipnunms They are finding s.t. out. qe es mipnunm, es mipnunmp qs mipnunms They are going to find s.t. out. qeqs mipnunm, qs mipnunmp mipnunt Find out. (comm.) em mipnuis S/he/it will find s.t. out. em mipnun, em mipnunt em mipnuis They will find s.t. out. em qe mipnuntm, em mipnuntp em aqes mipnunm S/he/it will be finding s.t. out. em iqes mipnunm, em iqes mipusis S/he knows what it is/recognizes it. mipusn, mipusnt su know; recognize; acquainted with. See: recognize. es susts S/he knows him/her. es sustn, es sust es susts They know him/her. qe es sustm, es sustp ta es sustn I dont know him/her. ta es ssustn I dont know them. ha ssust Do you know them? yo learn; gain/have knowledge. See: learn. yostes S/he/it is learning how to do s.t. yosten, yoste es yostes S/he/it knows how to do s.t. es yosten, es yoste 249
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively es i.e., - That is, to See: Redirection a related word.
yostes They are learning how to do s.t. qe yostem, yostep es yostes They know how to do s.t. qe es yostem, es yostep ha yoste qs syeni Do you know how to count? e ta es yostp u sip Also, you all dont know how to hunt. ha yost u stqs Do you know sign language? ha es yost siy Do you know how to make a canoe? yu es yonusten I dont know how yet.
knuckle Kool-aid Kootenai
sntpsest knuckle. sntptpsest Knuckles. ni pop, Kool-aid, any sweet drink. sqls Kootenai (comes from sign language stqs). sqlqlse (pl.)
L
labor u do, make, fix, work. See: work. Labrador tea sti liti, stliti mountain tea, labrador tea. lacing sce something thats been laced together. prefix:
done/made/prepared. sc s.t. thats been
es ei S/he is lacing. nes ei, es ei sii buckskin; buckskin rope; buckskin lacing. sisi little lacing; little piece of buckskin.
lack
twi short, lack. es twii S/he is short of, doesnt have quite enough. nes twii, es twii
yapcin lack something. See: need. es yapcini S/he is lacking (s.t.). nes yapcini, es yapcini nes yapcini t sin Im lacking food. hayo n yapcin t kapi Im in need of coffee. ta qe qes yapcin We wont be in need.
ladder sniwltn ladder. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. book any Please write in this Salish or English corrections. lady bug slla lady bug. Also include any comments on lady fern p fern; lady fern. translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write lag nnt be a slowpoke. See: slowpoke. them in this book.
eccwt late, lagging behind. See: behind.
lake
li lake. qli pond, little lake.
Lemlmt Tachini
amim t s tam t imi tam t nt u t li You gather rocks, not just any rocks, not from the river or from the lake.
suffix: qin, qn p.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively old i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
napqin head waters; where the water begins (i.e., a spring, fountain, lake). rt.: napa the end; oltm, ol go down to the waters edge (often refers to a lake edge). See: down. 250
lamb lame lamp
lmot lamb; little sheep.
a lamb. tncut lame. es tncut S/he/it walks lame. lale lamp, lantern. mn light sn light. smumn lance, spear.
lance land
suli earth, land. ieli first people. nes usuli Im working my land. a t ieli Wheres s/he from; wheres his/her first land?
ule suffix indicating land, place, or area. sule good land/place. ssule (pl.) prefix: s good; suffix: ule land. nasl wet land/place. rt.: nas wet; suffix: ule land. le hot land; south. rt.: a hot; suffix: ule land. sqliule Indian land. rt.: sqeli people; suffix: ule land. lmule different land/place. rt.: ilm different; suffix: ule land. stule what land/place? rt.: ste what; suffix: ule land. See: what. nule one place/land. eslule two places/lands. elule three places/lands. msule four places/lands. clstule five places/lands. nstule six places/lands. spstule seven places/lands. henmule eight places/lands. ntule nine places/lands. upnstule ten places/lands. eule many places. qqles land on something. qqles S/he landed. n qqles, qqles cqqepnm land softly. (i.e., birds and bugs) o cqqepnmis t matn The fly landed on me. cqqule land on the land. (i.e., airplane) cqqule u utn The airplane landed. utm fly toward something. See: fly.
lane nqes lane. language nletn language; the way an individual or family group speaks/talks.
...tn means of/device. rt.: lelt speak.
suffix: s.t. something
(s.t.) something qe es yonunm qenletn We are learning our language. it u seli nletn qs s.o. implied someone P.l. Plural yonunm Salish is hard to learn. R.t. Root word nuwewltn language; what a people/person speaks. suffix: ...tn means of/device. rt.: uwewl comm. Command Lit. Literally speak formally. Fig. Figuratively iqs allwisi iqs yonunm u qenuwewltn I am going to be able to learn our language. i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word. seme nuwewltn French language.
ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. es nscan S/he doesnt say words right. nes nscan, es nscan es nilcn S/he speaks a different language. 251
lantern
lale lamp, lantern. mn light. sn light.
lap smlpstn thighs. larch cl western larch; tamarack. lard sct grease, lard. rt.: ct fat.
scoco bear rib grease.
large lark
tunt Its big. See: big.
ti prefix indicating something is great or big. See: big. wewice, wewi female western meadow lark. wewicom, wewi male western meadow lark.
lark bunting es lark bunting. larkspur nia blue bird; larkspur. last ecwt late, lagging behind.
ecwt S/he/it was late. n ecwt, ecwt es eewti S/he/it is last. nes eewti, es eewti qs eewti S/he/it is going to be last. iqs eewti, qs eewti ecetwi S/he kept getting behind. ecmtums deliberately fall behind. ecmtums S/he deliberately fell behind. n ecmtums, ecmtums es ecmtumsi S/he is deliberately falling behind. nes ecmtumsi, es ecmtumsi qs ecmtumsi S/he is going to deliberately fall behind. iqs ecmtumsi, qs ecmtumsi ecmtumsi Deliberately fall behind. (comm.) swe u es eewti Who is last? yeta u es ewti qs aimi day is the last day of school.
late later
ecwt late, lagging behind. See: last. een after while. en wait.
ein In a little while. e qe wis lum after we finish supper.
laugh
onct for a single person to laugh. onct S/he/it laughed. n onct, onct es oncti S/he/it is laughing. nes oncti, es oncti qs oncti S/he/it is going to laugh. iqs oncti, qs oncti oncut They laughed. qe onct, p onct es oncuti They are laughing. qe es oncti, pes oncti qs oncuti They are going to laugh. qeqs oncti, pqs oncti onstemn someone who always likes to laugh. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. nooci Person who always makes fun of others. onctmlwis Laughing around.
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onct Smile (little laugh). (comm.) onctmis S/he/it laughed at s.o./s.t. onctmn, onctmnt es onctmms S/he/it is laughing at s.o./s.t. ies onctmm, as onctmm qs onctmms S/he/it is going to laugh at s.o./s.t. iqs onctmm, aqs onctmm oncutmis They laughed at s.o./s.t. qe onctmntm, onctmntp es oncutmms They are laughing at s.o./s.t. qe es onctmm, es onctmmp qs oncutmms They are going to laugh at s.o./s.t. qeqs onctmm, qs onctmmp ootm laugh at someone or something/ to make fun of. es ootms S/he/it is laughing at s.o./s.t. ies ootm, as ootm qs ootms S/he/it is going to laugh at s.o./s.t. iqs ootm, aqs ootm es ootems They are laughing at s.o./s.t. qe es ootm, es ootmp qs ootems They are going to laugh at s.o./s.t. qeqs ootm, qs ootmp o es ootms iniuyn Hes laughing at my car. qe es oout They are laughing at us. ta qes ootu Dont make fun of s.o./s.t.. o ootem isse S/he laughted at my son. o ootem I was laughed at. onctmncn I laughed at you. ay for more than one person to laugh. ay esy sqli All the people laughed.
laundry nt, n wash clothes; do laundry. See: wash. laundry soap mn soap. rt.: e wash; suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. law sncepletn rules, laws. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: eple permanence ; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
sncepletn sqeli the peoples laws. ihe u qe sncepletn e qe yamncut These are our rules when we gather.
lay
qmin place things down; lay things down; put things down. es qmin They are placed down. qmin place things on a surface. See: place. nqmnet place things in the water. suffix: et, t liquid. See: place. qmnl Sent away. sqmnlsct Goods. (pl.) nqmint Put the things inside. (comm.) ye ssasis e snoupsts es qmin His/her shoes and pants are there. in long object in a lying position. nin Long objects in a lying position. es in It is in a lying postion. es nin They are laying in a lying postion. es nal Log/wood is lying down es nnal Logs are lying down. ne Log house. es nule S/he/it is lying on the ground. nusm lay long objects in a fire. See: fire. nusnt t iit m e qnt t anqp Lay alders in the fire, then stack on your ferns.
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nni have legs and feet in a prone position; legs in a state of laziness. rt.: in long object
lying.
es nni S/he is lying; his/her legs are in a prone position. nes nni, es nni qes ni Lay down with your legs out. (comm.) ta qes ni Dont lay down with your legs out. (comm.) ot Hes lying down. n ot Im lying down. n qqtusa I am lying (with one leg over the other). i Lie down. (comm.) lut lying (plural). lut Each one laid down. qe lut, p lut es luti Each one is laying down. qe es luti, pes luti qs luti Each one is going to lay down. qeqs luti, pqs luti notet lie in the water. suffix: et, t liquid. es luti They are lying down. cqut lie on the back. cqtsit lie on the back. cqut lie on the back under something. ncqtet lie on the back in the water. suffix: et, t liquid. cqut qeyqeyi u nuse Qeyqeyshi and One-Night were lying around. tu lying face down. es i The tree fell over, its lying down. (Of a single tree.) tu put/place something down. (i.e, an object, bet, wager). See: place. tncut place ones self down. caq set down. See: set. pt round objects lying/sitting around. See: scatter. usesm It layed eggs. See: egg.
lay the ears back mmne an angry horse laying his/her ears back. Lawrence lol Lawrence. lazy opt lazy; unable to do work. (This term is used to describe a person that is unable or unwilling to
do work. An example is an elderly person that is no longer able to perform tasks. This term could also apply to a person that wont do work.)
opt S/he/it is lazy. n opt, opt e n opt I cant do anything anymore. t oye un u e opt I made him/her s.t. something (s.t.) something lazy. m u we sisyu u uy u e opt S/he used to be smart now s/he is lazy. implied eyti Lazy; to take it easy. (This term is used to describe when a person is taking it easy. It almost P.l. Plural
means to be relaxing. someone taking a vacation would describe this term; that is a person not working.)
s.o. someone
es eyti S/he is being lazy. nes eyti, es eyti qs eyti S/he is going to be lazy. iqs eyti, qs eyti es iiti They are being lazy. qe es eyti, pes eyti aem someone who is always lazy. mi nes eyti Im too lazy.
R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
a related word.
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nweyls lazy/tired; hate to do work; do something haphazardly. (This term refers to the way a
person does work or tasks. someone haphazardly performing work, being lazy, is an example of this term.)
es nweylsi S/he is being lazy. nes nweylsi, es nweylsi es nweylsi They are being lazy. qe es nweylsi, pes nweylsi ha es nwylsi Dont you feel up to it? pi unmotivated/discouraged/lazy. (This term describes someone that has no motivation, that is
discourage and that is lazy. Many words in Salish are a combination of English words. At times they are hard to give a full translation.) See: discourage.
le
lead
iitus lead someone. itusis S/he/it lead him/her/it. itusn, itusnt itusis They lead him/her/it. qe itusntm, itusntp itusn I led them. itusmncn Im leading you. icut lead. nelsm lead the blind by taking their hand. rt.: im grasp on to s.t. See: grasp. nelsis S/he led s.o. nelsn, nelsnt es nelsms S/he is leading s.o. ies nelsm, as nelsm qs nelsms S/he is going to lead s.o. iqs nelsm, aqs nelsm nelsis They led s.o. qe nelsntm, nelsntp es nelsms They are leading s.o. qe es nelsm, es nelsmp qs nelsms They are going to lead s.o. qeqs nelsm, qs nelsmp nelsnt Lead s.o. (comm.) plem lead by the hand. (i.e. leading a horse.) rt.: im grasp on to s.t.; suffix: ple
permanence. See: grasp.
eplis S/he lead it. epln, eplnt es eplms S/he is leading it. ies eplm, as eplm qs eplms S/he is going to lead it. iqs eplm, aqs eplm epleis They lead it. qe eplntm, eplntp es eplems They are leading it. qe es eplm, es eplmp qs eplems They are going to lead it. qeqs eplm, qs eplmp
leader
itmasqe leader; first to volunteer; first to be there. rt.: it first; suffix: sqe,
sqeli people.
siitusm leader. prefix: s one who does. itmct appoint ones self to lead. itmct S/he became a leader. n itmct, itmct es itmctisti S/he is becoming a leader. nes itmctisti, es itmctisti qs itmctisti S/he is going to become a leader. iqs itmctisti, qs itmctisti niteli head person in the lodge/house. ilmim chief; boss. See: chief.
leaf leak lean
pic leaf; cabbage, lettuce. pcpic (pl.) awup drip; leak. See: drip. aqin lean against something. es aqin S/he/it is leaned against something.
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nes aqini esi Im leaning against a tree. sels, a skinny, thin, lean; of people. i thin (person, horse, tree). i s poor, lean, hard on the surface. i ae The animal is skinny/lean.
learn
yo learn; to gain/have knowledge. See: know. yonunm learn. yonuis S/he/it learned it. yonun, yonunt es yonunms S/he/it is learning it. ies yonunm, as yonunm qs yonunms S/he/it is going to learn it. iqs yonunm, aqs yonunm yonuis They learned it. qe yonuntm, yonuntp es yonunms They are learning it. qe es yonunm, es yonunmp qs yonunms They are going to learn it. qeqs yonunm, qs yonunmp em yonuis S/he/it will learn it. em yonun, em yonunt em yonuis They will learn it. em qe yonuntm, em yonuntp yonunt Learn it. (comm.) emt ste u qeqs yonunm yeta Then what are we going to learn today? qe es yonunm qe nletn We are learning our language. eni it u seli nletn qs yonunm Gee, Salish is hard to learn (woman speaking).
mipnunm figure out something; find out about something; complete an understanding; learn of something. mipnuis S/he/it found it out. mipnun, mipnunt es mipnunms S/he/it is finding it out. ies mipnunm, as mipnunm qs mipnunms S/he/it is going to find it out. iqs mipnunm, aqs mipnunm mipnuis They found it out. qe mipnuntm, mipnuntp es mipnunms They are finding it out. qe es mipnunm, es mipnunmp qs mipnunms They are going to find it out. qeqs mipnunm, qs mipnunmp mipnwemn someone who always likes to learn about things. mimipnwemn someone who always likes to learn and learn about things. mimipmu The individual that always learns about things. mipnunt Find out. (comm.) mipnwe S/he learned part of someting. n mipnwe, mipnwe mipnwe S/he learned a little part of someting. n mipnwe, mipnwe es mipstwei They are learning from each other. qe es mipstwei, pes mipstwei em mipnuis S/he/it will find it out. em mipnun, em mipnunt em mipnuis They will find it out. em qe mipnuntm, em mipnuntp em aqes mipnunm You will be finding it out. em iqes mipnunm, em iqes s.t. something mipnunm (s.t.) something e ta es yostp u sip Also you guys dont know how to hunt. ha es yost u stqs Do you know sign language?
least smuwe least. leather il leather. rt.: i glossy; suffix: l skin, hide.
ie Suitcase; leather suitcase. rt.: i glossy; suffix: i covered in. ulil, uli buckskin, white-tail doe hide.
leave
mepm leave of more than one person. 256
mepm They left. qe mepm, p mepm leave. Leave, get out of here, get out of the way. (comm.) wi All of get out of here. (comm.) il still. See: still. ils Leave it be still; leave it alone. (comm.) ilswi All of you leave it be still; leave it alone. (comm.) el Strs. rt., abandon; throw away; leave. See: abandon. es on the way to somewhere. See: go. hoys quit, leave him/her/it alone. (comm.) See: stop. nmist, nmi run away; to sneak away; to leave; escape. See: escape.
leaves pic leaf; cabbage, lettuce. pcpic (pl.) ledge amqe ledge. leech ay cowry, snail, leech. left handed siest, si left hand.
es iest S/he is left-handed. nes iest, es iest
left over
smw leftover things. qe ep smw We have left overs.
smawqs, smaw leftover food. squmcn leftover food you take with you for later. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth.
left side
siest, si left hand. es i S/he is left-handed. nes i, es i siisn left foot. smqstn leg. smmqstn (pl.)
leg
qstn suffix indicating leg. icqstn short legged person. qiqqstn skinny legs. ususnqstn long legged person. talaqstn move/shake/bounce leg; releasing/relaxing from the leg and foot. See: untie. es talaqstni S/he is bouncing his/her leg. nes talaqstni, es talaqstni nni have legs and feet in a laying postion; almost in a lazy state. See: lay. qes nni Lay down with your legs out. (comm.) ta qes ni Dont lay down with your legs out. (comm.) nlallpusni shaky, tired legs. See: shake. nlallpusn S/he/it had shaky legs. n nlallpusn, nlallpusn
leggings sin legging. lemon lali lemon. lend un borrow, lend.
sein (pl.)
nes uni Im borrowing. 257
lent, Catholic puty fasting. leopard frog aye, a frog, spotted frog. lesbian sntaa lesbian, gay woman. less uet, u few, less.
smu least.
let lcistm let. let go pstm release something from the hand. letter imin paper/book.
done/made/prepared.
See: release.
sci written word/letter; something thats written.
scii words/letters. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. ste e sci What letter is this. e u neilcn e sci How does this letter sound scawaw spoken words; something thats said. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
lettuce pic. Leaf, cabbage, lettuce. Lewis woodpecker ciwcu Lewis woodpecker.
li
liar
syoistm, syoi somebody who lies. rt.: yoist lie; tell falsehood; prefix: s one
who does.
iistmn someone who always lies. llmu someone who lies. siistmlwis somebody who goes around lying. prefix: s one who does.
library lice
snimintn post office, library. rt.: imin paper, book; prefix: sn a place of; suffix:
te louse. sine nit. osqnm look for/search the head. es osqnms u te S/he is look for lice on his/her head.
license lichen
nmin car license. slyo yellow lichen.

spqn, s black tree moss. s amim You gather black tree moss. wtmqn black tree moss.
lick
a lick. am S/he/it licked. n am, am es ai S/he/it is licking. nes ai, es ai qs ai S/he/it is going to lick. iqs ai, qs ai am They licked. qe am, p am
258
es ai They are licking. qe es ai, pes ai qs ai They are going to lick. qeqs ai, pqs ai is S/he/it licked s.t. n, nt es ams S/he/it is licking s.t. ies am, as am qs ams S/he/it is going to lick s.t. iqs am, aqs am ais They licked s.t. qe ntm, ntp es ams They are licking s.t. qe es am, es amp qs ams They are going to lick s.t. qeqs am, qs amp ant Lick it. (comm.) est lick the hand. an lick the arm. em am S/he/it will lick. em n am, em am em am They will lick. em qe am, em p am em is S/he/it will lick it. em n, em nt em ais They will lick it. em qe ntm, em ntp em qes ams S/he/it will be licking it. em iqes am, em aqes am em qes ams They will be licking it. em qeqes am, em qes amp mam suck/lick/kiss something. (i.e., ice-cream, lollipop) See: kiss.
licorice root pcu licorice root, meadow rue. lid qn lid, cap, cover of a container. rt.: e covered over; suffix: qin, qn lie yistm, yi lie, tell a falsehood; not telling the truth.
yistm S/he/it lied. n yistm, yistm es yisti S/he/it is lying. nes yisti, es yisti qs yisti S/he/it is going to lie. iqs yisti, qs yisti yoistm They lied. qe yistm, p yistm es yoisti They are lying. qe es yisti, pes yisti qs yoisti They are going to lie. qeqs yisti, pqs yisti yis S/he/it lied to it. yn, ynt es yms S/he/it is lying to s.o. ies ym, as ym qs yms S/he/it is going to lie to s.o. iqs ym, aqs ym yois They lied to s.o. qe yntm, yntp es yoms They are lying to s.o. qe es ym, es ymp qs yoms They are going to lie to s.o. qeqs ym, qs ymp iyis S/he/it told lies to it. iyn, iynt iyois They told lies to it. qe iyntm, iyntp yontm S/he/it was lied to.
top.
sym lies. sy somebody who lies, a liar. prefix: s one who does. iistmn someone who always likes to lie. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. siistmlwis somebody who lies around. prefix: s one who does. iistmlwis lying around. iistmnwe They lied to each other. qe iistmnwe, p iistmnwe em ym S/he/it will lie. em n yi, em ym em yom They will lie. em qe ym, em p ym em yis S/he/it will lie about it. em yn, em ynt em yois They will lie about it. em qe yntm, em yntp
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qes yms S/he/it is going to be lying to s.o. iqes ym, aqes ym qes yoms You all are going to be lying to s.o. qeqes ym, qes ymp o yontm I was lied to. ym tell a lie about someone. yis S/he/it lied about s.o. yn, ynt es yms S/he/it is lying about s.o. ies ym, as ym qs yms S/he/it is going to lie about s.o. iqs ym, aqs ym yois They lied about s.o. qe yntm, yntp es yoms They are lying about s.o. qe es ym, es ymp qs yoms They are going to lie about s.o. qeqs ym, qs ymp iyis S/he/it told lies about it. iyn, iynt iyois They told lies about it. qe iyntm, iyntp iymn I told lies about you. ta qes yst Dont you lie about s.o. nyocnm lie about something that was said, to benefit the speaker. es nycnms S/he is lying about what was said. ies nycnm, as nycnm ha as nycnm Are you lying about what was said?
lifetime lift
sclilt lifetime. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
es iti beginning of time or first time. m lift something up. eis S/he lifted up s.t. en, ent es ms S/he is lifting up s.t. ies m, as m qs ms S/he is going to lift up s.t. iqs m, aqs m eis They lifted up s.t. qe entm, entp es ems They are lifting up s.t. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to lift up s.t. qeqs m, qs mp eni repeatedly lift something; picking something up. es eeni S/he is picking up. nes eeni, es eeni ent Pick it up. (comm.) o ent Pick me up. iqs em Im going to pick you up. nwislm raise/lift something up. See: raise.
light
sn light. esn lights. smn lamp. emn light. ulusnt ci sn Turn the light on. epsnt ci sn Turn off the light.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone means P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
shine, bright. See: shine. snaustn Light bulb. rt.: a bright; circumfix; us spherical shape; prefix:tn
of/device.
bright; the red-hot glow of s.t. heated. See: hot. ulus light up; turn something on. ulusis S/he/it turned it on. ulusn, ulusnt es ulusms S/he/it is turning it on. ies ulusm, as ulusm qs ulusms S/he/it is going to turn it on. iqs ulusm, aqs ulusm ulusis They turned it on. qe ulusntm, ulusntp
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es ulus It is lit; it is turned on. ulustn Lighter, light switch. ulusnt Light it up, turn it on. (comm.) ulsncut light ones self up; turn one self on. ulusnt ci sn Turn the light on. i l Its clear; its daylight. snalptin East; where the light comes. alpene First light of the day. lip It lit up. lup All of a sudden it lit up. i ppe Its light in weight; its featherlike; its gentle. i ppeyt Its really light. i ppee Its a light body. ppe u aspus Your heart is light.
lighter lightning
ulustn make flame, lighter, light switch. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
sum lightning. es ui It is lightning. es ui o It is lightning outside.
es qem It is struck by lightning. See: struck.
light switch
means of/device.
ulustn make flame, lighter, light switch. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
like
e like; same. ea alike, same. eai They are alike. eli S/he/it is acting like. n eli, eli eili They are acting like. qe eli, p eli eili t ilmim They are acting like the boss. i eli t ilmim S/hes really acting like a chief. ei like that. ea alike, same. elmutm S/he/it has become like s.o. elmutisti S/he is making/becoming/acting like s.o. elnuisti S/he is working toward becoming like s.o. ellmisti S/he appears like/is similar to s.o. elus two people look alike. suffix: us face. i elus They look alike. suffix: us face. ellus Each one looks alike. suffix: us face. i ealus They all look alike. i ealsqe They look alike (bodies; tall, fat, big belly, etc.). ealsq The horses look alike. elsmisti S/he is trying to be like/match s.o.
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i eili t ilmim Hes acting like a chief. ei ye te m unt Make it just like this. ha ep ealsq Do you have horses that look alike? t e ei Its the same kind. ei es chqi olsqe It seems like it is chinooking outside. elsaq t se You smell good like a flower. men like, love. suffix: ...en within. mens S/he/it likes/loves. inmen, anmen mens They like/love. qe men, menmp nmenis S/he/it likes/loves s.o/s.t. nmenn, nmennt es mnms S/he/it is loving s.o/s.t. ies mnm, as menm qs mnms S/he/it is loving s.o/s.t. iqs mnm, aqs menm menis They like/love s.o/s.t. qe menntm, menntp es menms They are loving him/her/it. qe es mnm, es mnmp qs menms They are going to love him/her/it. qeqs mnm, qs mnmp smnes something that is liked/loved. smn lover. prefix: s one who does. smnsqes the horse s/he loves. ismnsqe, asmnsqe menstmn I love/like you. menstmncn I like/ love you. menmn I liked/loved you all. inmen You are my love/like; I love/like you. ies menm I am loving you. nmens S/he/it likes/loves you. menis t suypi The white people liked this. inme u sme I like grizzy bears. inqc tam mnis qs pulsi t iu My older brother doesnt like killing animals. ta st u es menstm u t snlis None of their tribesmen liked them at all. smn t kapi Coffee-lover. inmen iqs mntwi I like running. e paumin I Dont like it anymore. pausts I Dont care for it anymore. paustn, paust yust, yu envious; to want to be like; to wish for something. See: envy.
lily line
me glacier lily. nmp yellow pond-lily. es i line; stripe. mnctwi Line up. (comm.) aql es i Sit on the line. mi row, line. mil, mmil rows, lines. eslep es mi second row. es mi iuyn row of cars. es mmi iuyn rows of cars. i a It has lines; its interlaced/crosses over. es aa Its interlaced, crosses over. aie Its stripped. suffix: i covered in. es aie Its all wrapped up. aient Wrap it up. (comm.) accn Lacing that wraps around; laces back and forth. aasq harness. See: harness. ausnt Put the hackamore/bridle on it. See: bridle. 262
ae Beaded bag/handbag. rt.: i a it has lines. ae Small beadedbag/handbag
line up lion lip
es mnct line, line up.
hoy et e es mncti They were already lining up. upayaqn lion. lit. furry head. stismy mountain lion, cougar. splimcn lip, mouth. psqn, p suffix indicating lip. ip sweet lips. ilp lipstick on (red lips). up purple lips. isp smelly lips/face, fishy smell. See: smell. yalpsqn, yalp rounded lips. yalpsqn S/he had rounded lips. n yalpsqn, yalpsqn i yalpsqn S/he has rounded lips. i n yalpsqn, i yalpsqn yalposqni Round your lips. (comm.)
liquid
et, t, suffix indicating liquid. sew water. ni pop, sweet liquid. nyoywt strong liquid (esp. coffee). n weak, tasteless liquid. (i.e., coffee) sset juice. wutn liquor, something that makes you crazy. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
liquor listen
nos beer. lit. foamy liquid. sunut listen. sunut S/he/it listened. n sunut, sunut es sunuti S/he/it is listening. nes sunuti, es sunuti qs sunuti S/he/it is going to listen. iqs sunuti, qs sunuti sunut They listened. qe sunut, p sunut es sunuti They are listening. qe es sunuti, pes sunuti qs sunuti They are going to listen. qeqs sunuti, pqs sunuti sunutmis S/he/it listened to s.o. sunutmn, sunutmnt es sunutms S/he/it is listening to s.o. ies sunutm, as sunutm qs sunutms S/he/it is going to listen to s.o. iqs sunutm, aqs sunutm sunutmis They listened to s.o. qe sunutmntm, sunutmntp es sunutms They are listening to s.o. qe es sunutm, es sunutmp qs sunutms They are going to listen to s.o. qeqs sunutm, qs sunutmp es susunuti S/he/it keeps listening. nes susunuti, es susunuti es susunutms S/he/it keeps listening s.o. ies susunutm, as susunutm susulmu someone who always listens. suffix: mu the individual who always does. sunut, sunu Listen. (comm.) sunutwi All of you listen. (comm.) sunutmnt Listen to s.o. (comm.) 263
sunutmncn I listened to you. o sunutmnt Listen to me. (comm.) nes sunuti ye sqltmi Im listening to this man. ie n susumut t a I listen to the radio. iqs susunuti t isim Im going to listen to my teacher. sunutwi es nneyi teswe All of you listen somebody is singing. sewn hear. See: hear.
little
ume, u small, little. n little house. imal, ima short person; short wood. ye e u gee this little one. (said in surprise)
prefix that indicates a word meaning is diminished or that the word is little in comparison to the full word. e little cute one. tis little dirty face. ewl little. ssp few years. m few. ee nu little after one.
little brown bat live li live in.
le, leliye bat, little brown bat.
snlitn place of living, dwelling; home. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. e qe wis u m qe li When we finish building the house, well live in it. lwt dwell together. nliltn life. es lilt S/he/it is alive. nes lilt, es lilt sclilt lifetime. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. es misti S/he/it is coming alive (born, hatched). es llmscutisti S/he/it is making ones self come alive. e i S/he/it came back to life. qe lilt u t eye Deliver us from evil.
lively imt lively in working. liver pin liver. living room snelstn living room; a place to relax.
means of/device.
prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn

lizard
lizard, salamander.
lo
load
tne load. qminm load.
lobster coye lobster. lock neptn, ne padlock.
circumfix np opening.
264
es nep It is padlocked. nnmap lock a door. circumfix np opening. nnmapis S/he locked the door. nnmapn, nnmapnt es nnmapms S/he is locking the door. ies nnmapm, as nnmapm qs nnmapms S/he is going to lock the door. iqs nnmapm, aqs nnmapm nnmapnt Locked it. (comm.) ha es nnmap Is it locked?
locomotive lll, ll train, locomotive, railroad cars. lodge simu, imu, tipi.
iimu more than one tipi. spn, spn tipi, canvas lodge. sie tipi, buckskin tipi. soe willow, reed tipi; medicine lodge. scw medicine lodge; thatched lodge. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. snlaist, snlai Sweat Lodge. See: Sweat Lodge. cit house. niteli head person in the lodge/house.
lodgepole pine lit lodgepole pine. log smltal log.

i mltal mltal esi one log. esin logs piled.
Lolo
tmsmi Lolo.
nccp Mountain near Lolo.
Lolo Hot Springs smttqi, ltqne, muli areas around Lolo Hot Springs. Lomah lom Lomah. lomatium, desert parsley yi Desert parsley lomatium. lone u just one.
lone person. naqs one peson.
Lone Pine lonesome
qaliye Lone Pine.
uplsm, up lonesome, to miss someone. uplsm S/he/it was lonesome. n upelsm, upelsm es upelsi S/he/it is lonesome. nes upelsi, es upelsi qs upelsi S/he/it is going to be lonesome. iqs upelsi, qs upelsi upelsm They were lonesome. qe upelsm, p upelsm es upelsi They are lonesome. qe es upelsi, pes upelsi qs upelsi They are going to be lonesome. qeqs upelsi, pqs upelsi uplsmis S/he/it was lonesome for s.o. upelsmn, upelsmnt
265
es upelsms S/he/it is lonesome for s.o. ies upelsm, as upelsm qs upelsms S/he/it is going to be lonesome for s.o. iqs upelsm, aqs upelsm upelsmis They were lonesome for s.o. qe upelsmntm, p upelsm es upelsms They are lonesome for s.o. qe es upelsm, es upelsmp qs upelsms They are going to be lonesome for s.o. qeqs upelsm, qs upelsmp
long
wisn long in length. swisn long; as a measue. cil suin swisn five feet long. nusnqs long road/nose. wisqn long hair. ususnaqstn long legged person. suffix: aqstn leg. usnal long wood/log. usnelps long neck. ci ssnintm u te suswisn The rate made for eating was really long.
ssip long time. See: long time.
long-billed curlew wwi, waw, sw long-billed curlew. long-hair wisqn, wi long hair. Longhouse usne Longhouse in Mission. long Johns snsups long Johns. lit. stretchy pants. rt.: su stretch; circumfix: nups, ps butt,
tail.
longnosed sucker long tailed weasel long time
lne longnosed sucker, Columbia large-scaled sucker. ppqe, p winter weasel, ermine (white during the winter).
i summer weasel, ermine. ssip, ssi long time. tisip really long time. sip little long time. t ssps ancient; a very long time ago. t ssip long time ago. t ssi u es witmncn I have not seen you for a long time. ha wit u toki u tam t ssi Did you see Toki not to long ago.d mi sip u n um I worked too long. ta qs sip It wont be a long time. u t ssi sqli The people of long ago. tma u t ssi it u ieu Because, long ago there were lots of animals. t ssi ta ep suypi Long ago there werent any white people. sipcinm talk for a long time. sipcinm S/he is talking for a long time. n sipcinm, sipcinm es sipcini S/he is talking for a long time. nes sipcini, es sipcini qs sipcini S/he is talking for a long time. iqs sipcini, qs sipcini tam iqs sipcini I am not going to talk long. sipqin live for a long time. t sle recently; not too long ago. See: recent.
look
look at something. m S/he/it looked. n m, m 266
es i S/he/it is looking. nes i, es i es i S/he/it is going to look. nes i, es i am They looked. qe m, p m es ai They are looking. qe es i, pes i qs ai They are going to look. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he/it looked at it. n, nt es ms S/he/it is looking at it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to look at it. iqs m, aqs m ais They looked at it. qe ntm, ntp es ams They are looking at it. qe es m, es mp qs ams They are going to look at it. qeqs m, qs mp es ai S/he/it is looking. nes ai, es ai es ms S/he/it is watching/staring . ies m, as m sm somebody who looks. prefix: s one who does. i Look. (comm.) wi All of you look. (comm.) nt Look at it. (comm.) nti All of you look at it. (comm.) aencu Looking in your past; reflecting on your past. es aulei S/he is looking at the land/area/country. nes aulei, es aulei nia look between a woman legs. nwe look at each other. nwe They looked at each other. qe nwe, p nwe es nwei They are looking at each other. qe es nwei, pes nwei am look/inspect. See: inspect. naes look at/check out something. See: inspect. c watch something. rt.: look. See: watch. em S/he/it will look. em n , em em a They will look. em qe , em p em is S/he/it will look at it. em n, em nt em ais They will look at it. em qe ntm, em ntp em qes ms S/he/it will be looking at it. em iqes m, em aqes m em qes am They will be looking at it. em qeqes m, em qes mp o is S/he looked at me. qesy u qe es ai u swen We are all staring at the dancer. es ams nosi They are looking at a dog. es ci Shes looking toward me. t e u ie ei qe es alt u ste qe scu Thats the way it is, they look at what we do. asnct look at ones self; look at your reflextion. asnct S/he/it look at his/her/its self. n asnct, asnct es asncti S/he is looking at his/her/its self. nes asncti, es asncti qs asncti S/he is going to look at his/her/its self. iqs asncti, qs asncti asnct Look at yourself (in a mirror). (comm.) ala u asncu You always look at yourself. aosm look at a face. aosm S/he/it looked (at s.o.s) face. n aosm, aosm es aosi S/he/it is looking (at s.o.s) face. nes aosi, es aosi qs aosi S/he/it is going to look (at s.o.s) face. iqs aosi, qs aosi aosm They looked (at s.o.s) face. qe aosm, p aosm
267
es aosi They are looking (at s.o.s) face. qe es aosi, pes aosi qs aosi They are going to look (at s.o.s) face. qeqs aosi, pqs aosi aosis S/he/it looked at s.o.s face. aosn, aosnt es aosms S/he/it is looking at s.o.s face. ies aosm, as aosm qs aosms S/he/it is going to look at s.o.s face. iqs aosm, aqs aosm aosis They looked at s.o.s face. qe aosntm, aosntp es aosms They are looking at s.o.s face. qe es aosm, es aosmp qs aosms They are going to look at s.o.s face. qeqs aosm, qs aosmp aosi Look at the face. (comm.) aosnt Look at his/her face. (comm.) iqs aosm I am going to look at your face. aaosm look at/into eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. aaosm S/he/it looked (at s.o.s) eyes. n aaosm, aaosm es aaosi S/he/it is looking (at s.o.s) eyes. nes aaosi, es aaosi qs aaosi S/he/it is going to look (at s.o.s) eyes. iqs aaosi, qs aaosi aaosm They looked (at s.o.s) eyes. qe aaosm, p aaosm es aaosi They are looking (at s.o.s) eyes. qe es aaosi, pes aaosi qs aaosi They are going to look (at s.o.s) eyes. qeqs aaosi, pqs aaosi aaosis S/he/it looked at s.o.s eyes. aaosn, aaosnt es aaosms S/he/it is looking at s.o.s eyes. ies aaosm, as aaosm qs aaosms S/he/it is going to look at s.o.s eyes. iqs aaosm, aqs aaosm aaosis They looked at s.o.s eyes. qe aaosntm, aaosntp es aaosms They are looking at s.o.s eyes. qe aes aosm, es aaosmp qs aaosms They are going to look at s.o.s eyes. qeqs aaosm, qs aaosmp aaosi Look at the eyes. (comm.) aaosnt Look at his/her eyes. (comm.) iqs aaosm I going to look at into your eyes. o aaosnt Look me in the eye. aapsu S/he/it is staring . u aapsu Those ones are staring . em look for, search, find. See: search. usm look in on somebody. See: search. uuscutist seek a vision. See: vision. asqe, asq look for domestic animals, horse, car. See: search. li take a glance at someone or something. See: glance. snepcin looking up a rugged canyon. naqnet looking down a rugged canyon.
loon loose
usu loon.
hm loosen something. (i.e., knot, jar lid, tense person, etc.) h S/he/it got loosened/relaxed. n h, h es hi S/he is loosening/relaxing. nes hi, es hi qs hi S/he is going to loosen/relaxing. iqs hi, qs hi his S/he loosened s.t. hn, hnt es hms S/he is loosening s.t. ies hm, as hm
268
qs hms S/he is going to loosen s.t. iqs hm, aqs hm hais They loosened s.t. qe hntm, hntp es hams They are loosening s.t. qe es hm, es hmp qs hams They are going to loosen s.t. qeqs hm, qs hmp hntm It was loosened. i h Its loose. h S/he is loose/relaxed. n h, h iyat loose; not fastened well. eh separate; to break free of; to loosen; to unlock. See: separate. talip, tal untie; loose. See: untie. pep shed fur. See: shed. op molt feathers. See: molt. ttoqqin loose hair; bald. See: bald. nawpncut shed skin as a snake. See: shed.
lord
yple Creator, Protector. rt.: im guard; suffix: ple permanence. ellt owner; master; lord.
lose
ip, i lose; to be defeated. See: defeat.
salip lose in gambling. alip S/he lost. n alip, alip es alpmi S/he is losing. nes alpmi, es alpmi qs alpmi S/he is going to lose. iqs alpmi, qs alpmi alip They lost. qe alip, p alip es alpmi They are losing. qe es alpmi, pes alpmi qs alpmi They are going to lose. qeqs alpmi, pqs alpmi alpie lose blankets in gambling.
loss lost
salip lose in gambling. ost lost. ost S/he/it was lost. n ost, ost es osti S/he/it is lost. nes osti, es osti qs osti S/he/it is going to be lost. iqs osti, qs osti oost They were lost. qe ost, p ost es oosti They are lost. qe es osti, pes osti qs oosti They are going to be lost. qeqs osti, pqs osti osis S/he/it lost s.t/s.o. osn, osnt oosis They lost s.t/s.o. qe osntm, osntp oostlwist go around being lost. es oostlwisti S/he is going around lost. nes oostlwisti, es oostlwisti ososn lost shoes. suffix: in, n feet. 269
osqe lose a domestic animal, horse, car. suffix: sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly
osqe S/he lost a horse. n osqe, osqe es osqei S/he is losing a horse. nes osqei, es osqei qs osqei S/he is going to lose a horse. iqs osqei, qs osqei niap Lost for good.
lost article dance

the self.
sipct swen lost article dance. rt.: iip fall; suffix: cut action to
es sipcti S/he is dancing. nes sipcti, es sipcti es sipcuti They are dancing. qe es sipcti, pes sipcti qe es uawi sipct We are praying for the lost articles. sipct elm Lost article song.
lots
mi too much. mi u Mali Marys too skinny. mi emt ci pus That cat is to heavy. ci simlt in mi t it s The child who ate too many huckleberries. ta mi p qs dont get too many. it Many; lots. it u ispus Theres a lot in my heart. it u iscpa Theres a lot on my mind. ei crowd of people. asq whole bunch of domestic animals. ein lots of feet, lots of tracks. oyqntp ni e t uli You guys pile it up, because theres already a lot of deer. ie ei u sqli Theres a lot of people. yapqi lot. e qe iyyapqi There are lots of us now. ni em apqi qeqs cet Because there will be lots for us to pack out.
loud
ncin loud in singing or talking; to make loud noises. ncin S/he was loud. n ncin, ncin es ncini S/he is being loud. nes ncini, es ncini qs ncini S/he is going to be loud. iqs ncini, qs ncini ncini Be loud; talk loud; sing loud. (comm.) ncinwi All of you be loud; talk loud; sing loud. (comm.) sim ncin Loudest. tnelsi ncini Be proud, speak loud. mi ncin Its to loud.
Louie lwi Louie. louse te louse, lice. lovage ss lovage. love men like/love something.
suffix: ...en within.
mens S/he/it like/love. inmen, anmen mens They like/love. qe men, menmp nmenis S/he/it likes/loves s.o/s.t. nmenn, nmennt es mnms S/he/it is loving s.o/s.t. ies mnm, as menm qs mnms S/he/it is loving s.o/s.t. iqs mnm, aqs menm
270
menis They like/love s.o/s.t. qe menntm, menntp es menms They are loving him/her/it. qe es mnm, es mnmp qs menms They are going to love him/her/it. qeqs mnm, qs mnmp smnes something that is liked/loved. smn lover. prefix: s one who does. menstmn I love/like you. menstmncn I like/love you. menmn I liked/loved you all. inmen I like/love you. ies menm I am loving you. nmens S/he/it likes/loves you. menis t suypi The white people liked this. inme u sme I like grizzy bear.d inqc tam mnis qs pulsi t iu My older brother doesnt like killing animals. ta st u es menstm u t snlis None of their tribesmen liked them at all. smn t kapi Coffee-lover. men kapi Coffee lover. inme iqs mntwi I like running. nmnsels feel loved/liked. nmnsels S/he felt loved. n nmnsels, nmnsels es nmnselsi S/he is feeling loved. nes nmnselsi, es nmnselsi qs nmnselsi S/he is going to feel loved. iqs nmnselsi, qs nmnselsi nmnsels They felt loved. qe nmnsels, p nmnsels es nmnselsi They are feeling loved. qe es nmnselsi, pes nmnselsi qs nmnselsi They are going to feel loved. qeqs nmnselsi, pqs nmnselsi
low
iut down; low. See: down. iut underneath, down below. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: under. See: under. niut down inside; deep inside. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside. See: inside. t ci iut lower. See: down.
lower
ipstes S/he lowered the price. ipsten, ipste su water fluctuates, goes up and down. ie su The water goes up and down. su u sew It just got low, the water.
lucky
sme infatuated with someone or something; having a good time; lucky. See:
infatuate.
sme u pulsm t slen He was lucky and killed a white-tail buck.
Lucy luci Lucy. luke warm i nma The liquid is luke warm. lumber lal lumber. suffix: al wood.
Lumber mill lump
s.t. something (s.t.) something l board. suffix: al wood. implied s.o. someone scpi lumber. rt.: pi shave/cut; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word snpimn lumber-mill. rt.: pi shave/cut; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: min, comm. Command Lit. Literally mn instrument/tool. Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, snnimn lumber-mill. rt.: ni cut; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. See: - Redirection to a related word.
lump; something just sitting there. es S/he/it is a lump. nes , es nne pillow; lump for the ear. 271
scmlml clumps. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
lunch
sel lunch/snack. iqs um sel Im going to make a lunch/snack.
ntoqinm eat lunch. ntoqinm S/he/it ate lunch. n ntoqinm, ntoqinm es ntoqini S/he/it is eating lunch. nes ntoqini, es ntoqini qs ntoqini S/he/it is going to eat lunch. iqs ntoqini, qs ntoqini ntoqinm They ate lunch. qe ntoqinm, ntoqinm es ntoqini They are eating lunch. qe es ntoqini, pes ntoqini qs ntoqini They are going to eat lunch. qeqs ntoqini, pqs ntoqini t ste u ntoqinm What did you eat for lunch?
lungs lupine lynx
spepu lungs. nnatp, nnat lupine. i lynx.
aaqnp Lupine.
M
macaroni scn macaroni. mad ymt angry, mad. See: angry.
rt.: o hole; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
li really angry, mad, in a rage. See: angry. ttels, tte angry, mad, vicious; the extreme of anger. See: angry. naupqs have a broken nose. An expression indicating someone is angry. See: angry. niwm have angry/nasty/bad actions or words. See: angry.
made
u make. See: make. um made. o uis iqs oyencti S/he/it made me laugh. o unt iqs tmi You made me fall. ta o qs unt iqs oyencti Dont make me laugh. unt qs mntwi Make s.t. something him/her run.
maggot
u maggot. untm It got maggots on it. n magpie. es nni The magpie is cawing. acqis, acqisn Magpie, area in the Flathead Reservation. lit. Magpies hat. sctelm mail. sctltelm (pl.) prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
mtn housefly.
magpie Magpie mail
272
telm leave something in charge of somebody; to give to someone to take care of temporarily. See: care. telmis S/he put s.t. in the care of s.o.; sent the mail. telmn, telmnt es telms S/he is putting s.t. in the care of s.o.; sending the mail. ies telm, as telm qs telms S/he is going to put s.t. in the care of s.o.; send the mail. iqs telm, aqs telm telmis They put s.t. in the care of s.o.; sent the mail. qe telmntm, telmntp es telms They are putting s.t. in the care of s.o.; sending the mail. qe es telm, es telmp qs telms They are going to put s.t. in the care of s.o.; send the mail. qeqs telm, qs telmp tltelmis S/he put things in the care of s.o.; sent things in the mail. talm ship something off.
Main Gambling Grounds make u do, make, fix.
sei Main Gambling Grounds, a place name.
um S/he/it made/did (s.t.). n um, um es ui S/he/it making (s.t.). nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he/it going to make (s.t.). iqs ui, qs ui um They made/did (s.t.). qe um, p um es ui They are making (s.t.). qe es ui, pes ui qs ui They are going to make (s.t.). qeqs ui, pqs ui uis S/he/it made/built/did s.t. un, unt es ums S/he/it is making/building/doing it. ies um, as um qs ums S/he/it is going to make/build/do it. iqs um, aqs um uis They made/built/did s.t. qe untm, untp es ums They are making/building/doing it. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to make/build/do it. qeqs um, qs ump ui Make/do/fix. (comm.) unt Make it. (comm.) ut Fix it for somebody. (comm.) n um t cit I built a house. tisi es nt qs ui t iy Big Blanket wants to make a canoe. nes ui t iy Im making a boat. i qe ui t nu Im going to make another one. iqs ui t scnqa Im going to make pancakes. npulem make bread. See: bread. nalem make frybread. See: frybread. nelem make bannock bread. See: bannock bread. nalem make donuts. See: donut.
make fun of makeup male
ootm laugh at someone or something/ to make fun of. See: laugh. nooci person who always makes fun of others. snestn makeup face. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
ihemtwei make up after a fight, peace. sqltmi, sqltmi male, man, boy. sesum duck; female mallard. nmlmlpls, nmlml male animal; bull, stallion. suffix: epls testicle.
mallard
273
inqn male mallard.
man
sqltmi, sqltmi male, man, boy. sqlqltmi, sqlqltmi men, menfolk. sielps horse mane. suffix: elps, lps neck. ilps grey horse mane. suffix: elps, lps neck. it many, alot, much, a bunch. ei many people. eet many children. asq many domestic animals. ein many feet, many tracks. esn many of rocks. e many of houses.
mane many
q You got lots berries. e t sew Theres already a lot of fish. ie ei u sqli There is a lot of people. une it u sqet Yes, its a lot of meat.
map maple marble March mare mark
sciule map. rt.: i write/mark; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared; suffix:
ule land.
ssula Rocky Mountain maple. mils marble. si spni March (month of the geese).
smmn mare. suse, su female animal. i line/mark. See: line.
im mark/brand with the hand. See: brand. im mark, make a mark. See: brand.
marmot marrow
sm groundhog; woodchuck; marmot. sus marrow.
susm eat marrow. susm S/he/it ate marrow. n susm, susm es susi S/he/it is eating marrow. nes susi, es susi qs susi S/he/it is going to eat marrow. iqs susi, qs susi susm They ate marrow. qe susm, p susm es susi They are eating marrow. qe es susi, pes susi qs susi They are going to eat marrow. qeqs susi, pqs susi ha ie usm Do you eat marrow? slqin backbone marrow.
marrow gut son marrow gut. suffix: ...en within. marry nns, nn marry; together with a wife.
center. lit. coming together with a wife.
rt.: non wife; suffix: ...s
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, middle, See: - Redirection to a related word.
es nnesi He is getting married. nes nnesi, es nnesi qs nnesi He is going to get married. iqs nnesi, qs nnesi es nnes He is married. nes nnes, es nnes 274
hayo qs ti nni Hey, hes going to get a wife! q nns His bride-to-be. iq nn, aq nn nluses marry; together with a husband. rt.: selwi husband; suffix: ...s middle, center. lit.
coming together with a husband.
es nlusesi She is getting married. nes nlusesi, es nlusesi qs nlusesi She is going to get married. iqs nlusesi, qs nlusesi es nluses She is married. nes nluses, es nluses q selwists Her husband-to-be. iq selwi, aq selwi Rule: is drop before s.
marten
o Marten. o Pine marten, marten.
marterial qil Material, patterned material. Martin malt Martin.

malt litte Martin.
Mary
mali Mary. mali little Mary. c smash, mash. See: smash. lustn mask. llustn (pl.) rt.: e covered over; suffix: us face, fire; suffix: ...tn
mash mask
means of/device.
master ellt Owner; master; lord. masturbate splplqncut, splplqncu masturbate.

splplqncut He masturbated. n splplqncut, splplqncut es splplqncuti He is masturbating. nes splplqncuti, es splplqncuti
match
pmn match (for a fire).
mes match something together. mesm S/he matched (s.t.). n mesm, mesm es mesi S/he is matching (s.t.). nes mesi, es mesi qs mesi S/he is going to match (s.t.). iqs mesi, qs mesi mesm They matched (s.t.). qe mesm, p mesm es tamesi They are matching (s.t.). qe es mesi, pes mesi qs tamesi They are going to match (s.t.). qeqs mesi, pqs mesi mesis S/he matched s.t. mesn, mesnt es mesi S/he is matching s.t. ies mesi, as mesi qs mesi S/he is going to match s.t. iqs mesi, aqs mesi mesis They matched s.t. qe mesntm, mesntp es mesms They are matching s.t. qe es mesm, es mesmp qs mesms They are going to match s.t. qeqs mesm, qs mesmp es mesi S/he is matching repeatedly. nes mesi, es mesi mesi Match. (comm.) mesnt Match it together. (comm.) mes Match it together. (comm.) em eai m mes You look for the same ones and match them up. ent ci smests ie Look for its match to this. ses match/connect something together. 275
sesm S/he matched (s.t.). n sesm, sesm es sesi S/he is matching (s.t.). nes sesi, es sesi qs sesi S/he is going to match (s.t.). iqs sesi, qs sesi sesm They matched (s.t.). qe sesm, p sesm es sesi They are matching (s.t.). qe es sesi, pes sesi qs sesi They are going to match (s.t.). qeqs sesi, pqs sesi sesis S/he matched s.t. n sesn, sesnt es sesi S/he is matching s.t. nes sesi, es sesi qs sesi S/he is going to match s.t. iqs sesi, qs sesi sesis They matched s.t. qe sesntm, sesntp es sesms They are matching s.t. qe es sesm, es sesmp qs sesms They are going to match s.t. qeqs sesm, qs sesmp es sesi S/he is matching repeatedly. nes sesi, es sesi ses Match it up. (comm.) em eai m ses You look for the same ones and match them up.
matches
pamn - Matches. nptmn ismen u inpmn I forgot my cigarettes and matches.
mate es slstwe The animals are mating. Matthew matiya Matthew. mattress tp Bedding, mattress. rt.: tu place down; suffix: ep, p maybe a perhaps or maybe.
tree; floor.
a em ipys Maybe itll rain. a u a ta Maybe, maybe not. a em a ta Maybe it will, maybe not. a em ti scpupun Maybe youll get saddness. a es ncqeli Maybe s/he has a leg cramp. a es ccsmi Maybe they fell over. a qe u psay Maybe we were foolish. alst a most Three or four days. a em n uy esyapini Maybe Ill go to the powwow. i m maybe.
McGruder Little Prairie; McGruder, (near the Middle fork of the Jocko River). May sm spni May (month of the bitterroot). may ha e u question of politeness, as in, may I.
ha e u qeqs occqei qeqs is memscti May we go outside and play? ha e u iqs is susti t sew May I go drink water? ha e u iqs uyi sno May I go to the bathroom. ha e u o olit Would you help me?
me
me oy mine, me. meadow le meadow.
Little Prairie (near the Middle fork of the Jocko River).
meadow lark
wewice, wewi female western meadow lark. wewicom, wewi male western meadow lark. 276
meadow rue
pcu meadow rue. pcu licorice root.
meadow vole smsn meadow vole. measles so measles. mean n stoic; to be serious; to look mean.
mtmitt, mtmi no-good. See: nogood.
See: serious.
lles have angry/mean eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. es llusi esmo The mountain looks mean. ye, e evil, mean, bad. n ye I am mean, evil, bad. ma e we cuncn ep ie sma See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows.
measure
sume measure. sume measure a house. sume S/he measured a house. n sume, sume es sumei S/he is measuring a house. nes sumei, es sumei qs sumei S/he is going to measure a house. iqs sumei, qs sumei sumetn ruler, yard stick, measuring tape. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
sumule measure land/area. sumule S/he measured the land. n sumule, sumule es sumulei S/he is measuring the land. nes sumulei, es sumulei qs sumulei S/he is going to measure the land. iqs sumulei, qs sumulei e u es wis sumentm ye sqliules They had already finished measuring out Indian land.
measuring tape sumetn ruler, yard stick, measuring tape. meat sqet meat, body.
sccqe dried/smoked meat. See: dry meat. spp pounded dried meat.
scl meat roasted over fire. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. snmin meat on hide. es ip sqet dry meat. si dry meat rope.
medicine
See: doctor.
malymistn, maly medicine. Rt: malym doctor heal; suffix: ...tn means of/device. (s.t.) something
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word of; comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
s.t. something
mi cnilc u ep malye Only they had medicines.
medicine dance
tlqmi jump dance. snqawi jump dance.
snelsctn medicine dance for doctoring. prefix: sn a place
es mscti medicine dance.
es si when somebody becomes a Blue Jay. 277
swm someone who repeats what you say in the medicine dance. prefix: s one who
does.
medicine lodge
suffix: e house.
scw medicine lodge. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared;
es cwi S/he is putting up a medicine lodge. nes cwi, es cwi u ist e u scw In winter a medicine lodge was made. sncule Place of the medicine lodge. llule Place of the sweat lodge. iteli head person in the medicine lodge. niteli head person in the lodge/house.
medicine person
eil medicine person. eeil (pl.)
iteli head person in the medicine lodge. sum guardian spirit, spiritual power, medicine power. u isum Chipmunk is my medicine power.
Medicine Tree e The Medicine Tree. meet ic happen upon; meet someone; an accidental meeting.
icis S/he/it met s.o./s.t. icn, icnt icis They met s.o./s.t. qe icntm, icntp icntm S/he was met by someone. icnt Meet somebody. (comm.) es cnwei They are meeting each other. qeqs cnwei We are going to meet each other. ncnests S/he came into a crowd. ncnestn, ncnest ncnests They came into a crowd. qe ncnestm, ncnestp mi icn isince I hope I run into my younger brother. mmil, mmi meet and talk; have a meeting. mmil They met. qe mmil, p mmil es mmili They are meeting. qe es mmili, pes mmili qs mmili They are going to meet. qeqs mmili, pqs mmili mmilmis They discussed s.t. qe mmilmntm, mmilmntp es mmilms They are discussing s.t. qe es mmilm, es mmilmp qs mmilms They are going to discuss s.t. qeqs mmilm, qs mmilmp mmil, mmi discuss. mmi we e ia They talked together when they met again. iqs uyi upn es (s.t.) something mmi Im going to go to the council meeting. iqs uyi es mmi Im going to go s.o. implied someone to a meeting. em in m qe tale m qe mmi What time will we start our meeting? P.l. Plural R.t. Root word ste u mmilmntp What did you all discuss. comm. Command a gather, meet. See: gather.
s.t. something
melt
amt melt; dissolve away. es aamti Its melting. ei es aamti u qe nuwewltn Its like our language is melting away.

a related word.
oi melt. 278
es oii Its melting. es oimi Its melting slowly. oimet melt snow/ice in water. suffix: et, t liquid. oimet S/he melted ice in water. n oimet, oimet es oimeti S/he is melting ice in water. nes oimeti, es oimeti qs oimeti S/he is going to melt ice in water. iqs oimeti, qs oimeti ncmet melt snow. suffix: et, t liquid. ncmet S/he melted snow. n ncmet, ncmet es ncmeti S/he is melting snow. nes ncmeti, es ncmeti qs ncmeti S/he is going to melt snow. iqs ncmeti, qs ncmeti ncmet They melted snow. qe ncmet, p ncmet es ncmeti They are melting snow. qe es ncmeti, pes ncmeti qs ncmeti They are going to melt snow. qeqs ncmeti, pqs ncmeti
men sqlqltmi, sqlqltmi men. merganser lai merganser; razor bill.

tne hooded merganser.
merry mess messy
npiyls, npiy feel happy. See: happy. im Mess something.
ims Mess it. (comm.) apl Messy.
scaa something put together carelessly. aqan messy hair. rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy; suffix: qin, qn top. See: pile. aqan S/he/it has messy hair. n aqan, aqan iqn messy hair. rt.: i protrude; suffix: qin, qn top. iqn S/he/it had messy hair. n iqn, iqn es iqn S/he/it has messy hair. nes iqn, es iqn liqn messy hair, bushy hair. rt.: il protrude; suffix: qin, qn top. opqn have bad hair. i opqn S/he/it has bad hair. i n opqn, i opqn
Methow Mexican Michael middle
smlqmi Methow. spay Mexican. spipay Mexicans. (pl.) misl Michael; Mike.
s.t. something (s.t.) something nihs middle, center. implied someone tunt siss nihsms snemutn u snelintn Put the antelope and cow in the s.o. Plural P.l. middle. nihs stan u stma m tnte Put the antelope and cow in the middle. swe R.t. Root word u snihsm Who is in the middle? ste u nihsm ci stan u ci sma Whats in comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively the middle of the antelope and the cow? i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to e put/place/squeeze inside something; inserted between. See: insert. a related word.
midnight
tsm u sc midnight came. syesmsc midnight, Christmas. 279
midwife might
olctn helper; midwife. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
ie might. (Indicates the next statement may happen if the previous is not followed.) ta iqs sust t nos ie n nslslmtu Im not going to drink beer, I might get dizzy. ta qes eemscut ie ti ote Dont be nasty, you might get a baby. int asin ie sincn Eat your food or I might whip you!
migrate es qti The geese are flying (in formation). mile sumetn measure; often referred to as a mile.
of/device.
nu sumetn one mile.
milfoil milk
n yarrow, milfoil.
sqm milk. qemt breast feed; nurse. See: breast feed.
milk cow snaqe Milk cow. Milk River npiq Milk River; lit. white waters. milkweed snl milkweed. mill snpimn lumber-mill. rt.: pi shave/cut; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: min, mn
instrument/tool.
snnimn lumber-mill. rt.: ni cut; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: min, mn instrument/tool.
Millie million mind
mili Millie. opopstqn million. lit. a thousand thousands. snpamin human mind.
swne command to listen. nyowls strong heart, strong mind.
mine
oy mine, me. inkapi my coffee. iq kapi Its going to be my coffee. m inkapi It was my coffee.
Words that begin with s, like sin, drop the of iq.
iq sin Its going to be my food.

Words that begin with s, like sin, drop the n on in.
isin my food.
mink mint minute mirror
mink. nnp, nn field mint, peppermint. tlisq, titi horse mint.
snasnctn, snasncu mirror. rt.: a look; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
asnct S/he/it looked at ones self. n asnct, asnct 280
es asncti S/he/it is looking at ones self. nes asncti, es asncti qs asncti S/he/it is going to look at ones self. iqs asncti, qs asncti asncut They looked at themselves. qe asnct, p asnct es asncuti They are looking at themselves. qe es asncti, pes asncti qs asncuti They are going to look at themselves. qeqs asncti, pqs asncti asnct Look at yourself in the mirror. (comm.) asnctwi All of you look at yourself in the mirror. (comm.) ale u asncu You always look at yourself. nmesncu mirror.
miss
it miss something, such as a target. it S/he/it missed. n it, it es iti S/he/it is missing. nes iti, es iti qs iti S/he/it is going to miss. iqs iti, qs iti it They missed. qe it, p it es iti They are missing. qe es iti, pes iti qs iti They are going to miss. qeqs iti, pqs iti iis S/he/it missed it. in, int iis They missed it. qe intm, intp qe nwe We missed each other. inm miss with the foot.
uplsm lonesome; miss someone. See: lonesome. coqm almost hit by something; missed by something. See: hit.
Mission snymn St. Ignatius; Mission. lit. a place where something was surrounded. Mission Dam Lake snymn lis Mission lake. Missoula nay Missoula; place of bull trout.
nmesulet Clark Fork River; also thought to be the origin of the name Missoula. suffix: et, t
liquid.
Missouri River ep yu ntets Missouri River; mistake omscu make a mistake. mitten smlmltest mittens. mix nm mix.
lit. river of the red paint.
sllpcan S/he made a mistake; mixed up words. See: confuse.
nmm S/he/it mixed. n nmm, nmm es nmi S/he/it is mixing. ies nmi, as nmi qs nmi S/he/it is going to mix. iqs nmi, aqs nmi nmem They mixed. qe nmm, p nmm es nmei They are mixing. qe es nmi, pes nmi qs nmei They are going to mix. qeqs nmi, pqs nmi nmis S/he/it mixed s.t. nmn, nmnt es nmms S/he/it is mixing s.t. ies nmm, as nmm qs nmms S/he/it is going to mix s.t. iqs nmm, aqs nmm nmeis They mixed s.t. qe nmntm, nmntp
281
es nmems They are mixing s.t. qe es nmm, es nmmp qs nmems They are going to mix s.t. qeqs nmm, qs nmmp es nm It is mixed. nmntm It was mixed. scnm something thats been mixed; i.e. dough. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. nmmn baking powder. suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. nmi Mix. (comm.) nmnt Mix it. (comm.) nmnt u mul t mmt u e ppo u e t apsl u e wim Mix cottonwood with aspen and willow and also applewood, if you can find it.
mo
moccasin
siin one moccasin. ssiin moccasins. es ssiin S/he is wearing moccasins. nes ssiin, es ssiin ein shoe, moccasin. t suys u acnts u eis His mother tied his/her shoes.
mock orange wap mock orange. mold spam mold.

es pam Its moldy. qs pami Its going to get moldy. e pam asnlpu Your breads already moldy.
mole puye mole. Mollman Pass sipu scusi Mollman Pass.

mumn scusi. Mollman Pass.
molt
op molt feathers. es opi It is molting. es op It is molted. sop molted feathers.
moment
islup at any moment; any second; any time now.
islup n hoyyho Any moment I will finish. islup m n w At any moment I will go s.t. something (s.t.) something crazy. implied
money
ululim money, metal. sns cents. nusns penny. cilsns nickel. upnsns dime. ate quarter. sut half dollar. nu ululim one dollar.
282
i pa ululim silver. lit. faded metal. ies siyenm inululim Im counting my money. uc ep ululim Perhaps you have money? (nice way to ask for money) ha ep ululim Do you have any money? esmisten ep ululim I know you have money. ululim go after money. ululimi S/he went after money. n ululimi, ululimi es ululimi S/he is going after money. nes ululimi, es ululimi qs ululimi S/he is going to go after money. iqs ululimi, qs ululimi
Monday monkey monster month
sct, s Monday. lit. past; meaning the day past Sunday. monqi monkey. naisqli, naisq monster.
m Monday.
spni month, moon, sun, clock. nu spni one month. esel spni two months. cil spni five months. upn e nu spni eleven months. eslupn spni twenty months. stu spni January (month of shaking hands). See: January. sqn spni February (month of the cold). See: February. si spni March (month of the geese). See: March. siymn spni April (month of the buttercup). See: April. sm spni May (month of the bitterroot). See: May. sli spni June (month of the camas). See: June. esyapqini spni July (month of celebration). See: July. s spni August (month of the huckleberry). See: August. spni September (month of the chokecherry). See: September. sip spni October (month of hunting). See: October. sllu spni November (month of story telling). See: November. esci spni December (month of trapping). See: December. sapsq spni January (month of the shooting; referring to shooting during New Years). See:
January.
months
siin spni April (month of the fooling each other). See: April. uly July. See: July.
moon
spni month, moon, sun, clock. e ctel new moon. sut, sutt half moon. e sut 3/4 moon. nu sqni full moon. sslqs moose. smsslqs cow moose.
moose
moose nose sslqs snsqs moose nose. mop m mop; wipe the surface. rt.: e wipe; prefix: surface.
m S/he/it mopped. n m, m es i S/he/it is mopping. nes i, es i
283
qs i S/he/it is going to mop. iqs i, qs i em They mopped. qe m, p m es ei They are mopping. qe es i, pes i qs ei They are going to mop. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he/it mopped it. n, nt es ms S/he/it is mopping it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to mop it. iqs m, aqs m eis They mopped it. qe ntm, ntp es ems They are mopping it. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to mop it. qeqs m, qs mp mn mop; something to wipe a surface. i Mop. (comm.) nt Mop it. (comm.) ptn mop. rt.: e wipe; prefix: surface; affix: ep, p tree; floor; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
morchella mushroom
smooth.
aqine mushroom; morel or morchell mushroom. rt.: a
more
t ci more than. t ci ennt Youre more of a slow-poke. t ci iut lower. em t ci aemnc I will study harder. t ci estm It got deeper. omnt esel t ci tum t esel Take two from there and add two. t ci omi esel emt in u e From five take two; then how many do you have?
u again, more. m nte u You will put it on top again. u iqs susti t ni Im going to drink pop again.
morning
sst morning. est sst good morning. t e st m qe is ct Then in the morning were going to go dig. estm eat breakfast. See: breakfast.
Mose muwi Mose. mosquito slqs mosquito. mosquito hawk ss, ss nighthawk, night bat, mosquito hawk. moss spqn, s black tree moss, black lichen.
s amim You gather black tree moss. salip yellow, green tree moss. snuplee moss (plant in water).
most moth
sm est of words like widest. sm at widest. sm at fastest. sm ept slowest. sm it most. ne moth (general term). qcq, qsq large moth. u maggot. suy mother of a male.
mother
284
tu mother of female. ttmtn mother and father of daughter-in-law. tump your mother (talking to two sisters).
mother-in-law cc mother-in-law. motorcycle snips, snppips motorcycle (lit. riding something that farts).
n ep i il sntips I have a red motorcycle. nto motorcycle.
mount
qqe mount, get on. qqe S/he got on. n qqe, qqe qqe snasqes S/he got on his/her horse.
qles, qle mount a horse. qles S/he mounted. n qles, qles es qlesi S/he is mounting. nes qlesi, es qlesi qs qlesi S/he is going to mount. iqs qlesi, qs qlesi ipmnct come down from something high (i.e. tree, chair, etc.). rt.: iip fall. See: come down.
mountain
esm hill, mountain. esmm mountains. ip esmm S/he ran away to the mountains. es mpmi ci esmmo Its snowing in the mountains.
sq hilltop. sule bare hill or mountain.
mountain alder iit mountain alder. mountain ash sm siis mountain ash. mountain bistort istn mountain bistort. mountain bluebird niay mountain bluebird, western bluebird. mountain caribou styln, sty mountain caribou. mountain chickadee sqe mountain chickadee. mountain goat se mountain goat. mountain hemlock pti mountain hemlock. mountain lion stismy mountain lion, cougar. mountain pass scusi mountain pass. See: pass. mountain sheep umnln, umn bighorn sheep, mountain sheep. mountain tea sti liti, stliti. mountain tea, Labrador tea. mountain whitefish u whitefish. mourn pupusn, pupus sad, mourn, grief. See: sad.
a em ti scpupun Maybe youll get saddness.
285
mourning dove heishe dove, mourning dove. mouse ne deer mouse, mouse.
sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house.
mouth
splimcn lip, mouth.
ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. sacn have the mouth open. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. sacn S/he has an open mouth. n sacn, sacn sacni Open your mouth. (comm.) tcin have a mouthful. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. tcin S/he had a mouthful. n tcin, tcin es tcini S/he has a mouthful. nes tcini, es tcini qs tcini S/he is going to have a mouthful. iqs tcini, qs tcini ta qes let e es tcini Dont talk when you have a mouthful. es laa His/her/its mouth is wide open. aclt have a mouthful. i aclt S/he/it has a mouthful. i n aclt, i aclt
move
i move camp, move to another home. i S/he moved. n i, i es ii S/he is moving. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to move. iqs ii, qs ii i They moved. qe i, p i es ii They are moving. qe es ii, pes ii qs ii They are going to move. qeqs ii, pqs ii es cii S/he is moving here. nes cii, es cii qs cii S/he is going to move here. iqs cii, qs cii es ilwisi S/he/it is moving place to place. nes ilwisi, es ilwisi tsnsp u ci tisi Big Blanket moved here a year ago. qe es ii it wm We were moving close to the plains. e e cwis i m qe wn When they finish moving back here again, well war-dance.
sipl moving something from one place to another; to transport. siplts S/he moved it. sipltn, siplt siplt snemutn siests nosmi You moved the chair to the left side of the dog. amim move/slide something. amstes S/he/it moved s.t.. amsten, amste es amims S/he/it is moving s.t.. ies amim, as amim qs amims S/he/it is going to move s.t.. iqs amim, aqs amim amstes They moved s.t.. qe amsten, p amstep es amims They are moving s.t.. qe es amim, es amimp qs amims They are going to move s.t.. qeqs amim, qs amimp amu The individual that always moves around. suffix: mu the individual who
always does.
amis Move s.t. over. (comm.) 286
amint Move it forward. (comm.) amepl move/scoot on a chair. amups move/scoot on the butt. amnct move ones self over; to slide over. See: slide. amis ci nu Move s.t. over to the next one. amis t esel Move s.t. over two.
movie
sac movie, show. rt.: ac watch. See: watch. scac something thats been watched. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. sac good movie. sac bad movie. snactn television, movie house. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. icle mow grass or hay. iclem S/he mowed. n iclem, iclem es iclei S/he is mowing. nes iclei, es iclei qs iclei S/he is going to mow. iqs iclei, qs iclei iclem They mowed. qe iclem, p iclem es iclei They are mowing. qe es iclei, pes iclei qs iclei They are going to mow. qeqs iclei, pqs iclei
mow
mu
much
it many, alot, much, a bunch. See: many. une it u sqet Yes I have alot of meat. mi too much. mi n a I ate too much. in How many? t in u es nte How much do you want. p inn How many are there of you? me little, barely. i e u nun I almost made it. See: accomplish.
mud
malt mud. i mlle Its muddy (ground is muddy).
awa muddy; squishy mud. awale muddy land/place. nawa stuck in mud. See: stuck.
muddler stt slimy muddler, slimy sculpin. mudhen slqn American coot, mud hen. mugwort qpqptp, qpqpt sage, mug worm, tarragon. mule sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule.
st pack horse, pack mule. prefix: s one who does.
mule deer
sule black-tail doe, female mule deer; mule. sulel black-tail doe hide. puwln, puw blacktail buck, male mule deer. pupuwln (pl.) puwlnel black-tail buck hide/buckskin.
287
mummy murder muscle
iyaliicmis mummy. lit. wraped-up. plsqli, plsq kill people. nyoyosctn muscle. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
sqet meat.
mushroom aqine mushroom; morel or morchell mushroom. muskrat muskat. mustard ali tcin mustard.
tat mustard.
rt.: a smooth.
my
iq Its going to be mine. iq mlme Its going to be my toy. in, i It is mine. inmlme my toy. incit my house. inni my pop. iss my son. isiss my chicken. m in, m i I was mine. m inmlme It was my toy. oy mine, me.
N
nail
lmin, lmi nail. suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. llmin, llmi little nail. lom pin/nail something to something. lomis S/he pinned s.t. to s.t. lomn, lomnt es loms S/he is pinning s.t. to s.t. ies lom, as lom qs loms S/he is going to pin s.t. to s.t. iqs lom, aqs lom lomis They pinned s.t. to s.t. qe lomn, lomntp es loms They are pinning s.t. to s.t. qe es lom, es lomp qs loms They are going to pin s.t. to s.t. qeqs lom, qs lomp lomnt Pin it to something. (comm.) lalm nail wood. suffix: al wood. lalis S/he nailed s.t. laln, lalnt es lalms S/he is nailing s.t. ies lalm, as lalm qs lalms S/he is going to nail s.t. iqs lalm, aqs lalm lalis They nailed s.t. qe lalntm, lalntp es lalms They are nailing s.t. qe es lalm, es lalmp qs lalms They are going to nail s.t. qeqs lalm, qs lalmp
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llpaltn Railroad spike. suffix: ...tn means of/device. lalnt Nail it. (comm.)
naked
tml naked; to be without clothes. rt.: tam none; prefix: up on; suffix: el
skin/hide.
tmel S/he is naked. n tmel, tmel tmel They are naked. qe tmel, p tmel tmtmelwis S/he goes around naked. n tmtmelwis, tmtmelwis slnct get ones self naked. rt.: sle make bare/clean; suffix: cut action to the self. slnct S/he got naked. n slnct, slnct es slncti S/he is getting naked. nes slnct, es slncti qs slncti S/he is going to get naked. iqs slnct, qs slncti slncut They got naked. qe slnct, p slnct es slncuti They are getting naked. qe es slnct, pes slncti qs slncuti They are going to get naked. qeqs slnct, pqs slncti sleis S/he got s.o. naked. slen, slent es slems S/he is getting s.o. naked. ies slem, as slem qs slems S/he is going to get s.o. naked. iqs slem, aqs slem sleis They got s.o. naked. qe elntm, elntp es slems They are getting s.o. naked. qe es slem, es slemp qs aislems They are going to get s.o. naked. qeqs elm, qs slemp elis S/he got s.o. naked. eln, elnt es elms S/he is getting s.o. naked. ies elm, as elm qs elms S/he is going to get s.o. naked. iqs elm, aqs elm elis They got s.o. naked. qe elntm, elntp es elms They are getting s.o. naked. qe es elm, es elmp qs elms They are going to get s.o. naked. qeqs elm, qs elmp slnuis S/he finally s.o. naked. slnun, slnunt slnct Get naked. (comm.) elnt Get s.o. naked. (comm.) es lmnwei They are getting each other naked. iqs elm Im going to get you naked. a u slnun I finally got s.o. naked. npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. npalqsi Remove your clothes. (comm.) Please write in this book any Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write something s.t. them in this book. (s.t.) something
name
sst name, called. sests his/her name. isest, asest sitmsest first name. snesmsest middle name. snlisest last name; family name. uisest long name.
Lemlmt estmis S/he named s.o. estmn, estmnt Tachini es estms S/he is naming s.o. ies estm, as estm qs estms S/he is going to name s.o. iqs estm, aqs estm estmis They named s.o. qe estmntm, estmntp es estms They are naming s.o. qe es estm, es estmp qs estms They are going to name s.o. qeqs estm, qs estmp nestnm named after someone.
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nestnmis S/he named him/her after s.o. nestnmn, nestnmnt es nestnms S/he is naming him/her after s.o. ies nestnmn, as nestnm qs nestnms S/he is going to name him/her after s.o. iqs nestnmn, aqs nestnm nestnmis They named him/her after s.o. qe nestnmntm, nestnmntp es nestnms They are naming him/her after s.o. qe es nestnmn, es nestnmp qs nestnms They are going to name him/her after s.o. iqs nestnmn, qs nestnmp swe u asest What is your (common) name? ste u asest What is your special/uncommon name? i.e. Jump Dance name, animal name etc. ste u sests What is its name? neptmn u sests I forgot his/her name. ta esmisten u sests I Dont know her/his/its name. ste u aqs estm What are you going to name him/her? ste u estmnt What did you name him/her? nestnmntm stismye S/he was named after mountain lion. nestnmn isile I was named after my mother dad. snqlisest Salish name. snqlisests his/her Salish name. isnqlisest, asnqlisest swe u asnqlisest What is your Salish name? suyapsest English name. suyapsests his/her white name. isuyapsest, asuyapsest swe u asuyapsest What is your English name? niyustnm copy a name; write a name. See: signature. sa called, said. ste u sas What is it called?
nap
etyu nap. iit sleep a little while; take a nap. rt.: it sleep; prefix: little. iiti S/he/it slept a little while. n iit, iit es iiti S/he/it is sleeping a little while. nes iiti, es iiti qs iiti S/he/it is going to sleep a little while. iqs iiti, qs iiti tnct put ones self down; to take a nap. tnct S/he/it put ones self down. n tnct, tnct es tncti S/he/it is putting ones self down. nes tncti, es tncti qs tncti S/he/it is going to put ones self down. iqs tncti, qs tncti tncut They put themselves down. qe tnct, p tnct es tncuti They are putting themselves down. qe es tncti, pes tncti qs tncuti They are going to put themselves down. qeqs tncti, pqs tncti ttnct S/he/it took a short nap. tnct Put yourself down. (comm.) tnctwi All of you put yourselves down. (comm.)
narrow
qqwt, qq narrow/skinny. i qqewt Its narrow sclqqe It was made narrow. qqasqei S/he is a slim person.
qqee S/he is skinny. nqqee narrow opening/room. qqal narrow cylinder; tree. qqal animintn Your pencil is skinny.
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qqal ci esi That tree is narrow. nqqal Inside narrow trees. nqqaqs narrow road. nqqet narrow stream or lake. suffix: et, t liquid. qqesn skinny rock.
nasty
eet nasty. eet S/he is nasty. n eet, eet es eeil S/he is being nasty. nes eeil, es eeil enmsct S/he was nasty. n enmsct, enmsct es enmscti S/he is being nasty. nes enmscti, es enmscti qs enmscti S/he is going to be nasty. iqs enmscti, qs enmscti enmscut They was nasty. qe enmsct, p enmsct es enmscuti They are being nasty. qe es enmscti, pes enmscti qs enmscuti They are going to be nasty. qeqs enmscti, pqs enmscti eeplmis S/he was nasty to s.o. eeplmn, eeplmnt es eeplms S/he is being nasty to s.o. ies eeplm, as eeplm qs eeplms S/he is going to be nasty to s.o. iqs eeplm, aqs eeplm eeplmis They were nasty to s.o. qe eeplmntm, eeplmntp es eeplms They are being nasty to s.o. qe es eeplm, es eeplmp qs eeplms They are going to be nasty to s.o. qeqs eeplm, qs eeplmp esmctmis S/he was nasty to s.o. esmctmn, esmctmnt es esmctmms S/he is being nasty to s.o. ies esmctmm, as esmctmm qs esmctmms S/he is going to be nasty to s.o. iqs esmctmm, aqs esmctmm esmcutmis They were nasty to s.o. qe esmctmntm, esmctmntp es esmcutmms They are being nasty to s.o. qe es esmctmm, es esmctmmp qs esmcutmms They are going to be nasty to s.o. qeqs esmctmm, qs esmctmmp enmsct Be nasty. (comm.) esmctmnt Be nasty to s.o. (comm.) qe es eestmnweisti We are being nasty withs each other. es neetmisti S/he is wanting to be nasty. nes neetmisti, es neetmisti es neetmscti S/he is wanting to be nasty. nes neetmscti, es neetmscti ta qes eemscut ie ti ote Dont be nasty, you might acquire a baby.
neecin say nasty words. neecinm S/he said nasty words. n neecinm, neecinm es neecinisti S/he is saying nasty words. nes neecinisti, es neecinisti qs neecinisti S/he is going to say nasty words. iqs neecinisti, qs neecinisti
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied neecinm They said nasty words. qe neecinm, p neecinm s.o. someone es neecinisti They are saying nasty words. qe es neecinisti, pes neecinisti P.l. Plural qs neecinisti They are going to say nasty words. qeqs neecinisti, pqs neecinisti R.t. Root word comm. Command sneecinm somebody who talks nasty. prefix: s one who does. Lit. Literally neecnemn someone who always likes to talk nasty. suffix: emn one who always likes to Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, do. See: - Redirection to a related word.
neecini Talk nasty. (comm.) neecint Talk nasty to s.o. (comm.)
291
neecnweist They said nasty words to each other. qe neecnweist, p neecnweist es neecnweisti They are saying nasty words to each other. qe es neecnweisti, pes neecnweisti qs neecnweisti They are saying nasty words to each other. qeqs neecnweisti, pqs neecnweisti es neecnweisti They (more than 2 people) are saying nasty words to each other.
nauseated
esslsm sick to the stomach; nauseated. esslsm S/he was nauseated. n esslsm, esslsm es esslsi S/he is nauseated. nes esslsi, es esslsi qs esslsi S/he is going to be nauseated. iqs esslsi, qs esslsi esslsm They were nauseated. qe esslsm, p esslsm es esslsi They are nauseated. qe es esslsi, pes esslsi qs esslsi They are going to be nauseated. qeqs esslsi, pqs esslsi
talsm have a burning inside your stomach. (i.e. heartburn) rt.: ta Bitter; spicy. talsm S/he had heartburn. n talsm , talsm es talsi S/he has heartburn. nes talsi, es talsi qs talsi S/he is going to have heartburn. iqs talsi, qs talsi taelsm They had heartburn. qe talsm , p talsm es taelsi They have heartburn. qe es talsi, pes talsi qs taelsi They are going to have heartburn. qeqs talsi, pqs talsi alsi Sick to your stomach. (i.e. heartburn, ate too much) See: sick.
Navajo navel
oi Navajo. tmu belly button, navel.
ne
near
it in motion to get close/near someone or something. it S/he got close. n it, it it They got close. qe it, p it itmis S/he/it got near s.t. itmn, itmnt itmis S/he/it got near s.t. qe itmntm, itmntp itmntm something/someone got near him/her/it. qe es ii it wm We were moving close to the plains. tnu oye u isqwse qe itmntm nu te One time me and my son got close to a bull elk. s next to, close. sam close to. sm getting close. sam S/he/it got close. n sam, sam es sami S/he/it is getting close. nes sami, es sami qs sami S/he/it is going to get close. iqs sami, qs sami sam They got close. qe sam, p sam es sami They are getting close. qe es sami, pes sami qs sami They are going to get close. qeqs sami, pqs sami samis S/he/it got close to s.o./s.t. samn, samnt es sams S/he/it is getting close to s.o./s.t. ies sam, as sam 292
qs sams S/he/it is going to get close to s.o./s.t. iqs sam, aqs sam samis They got close to s.o./s.t. qe samntm, samntp es sams They are getting close to s.o./s.t. qe es sam, es samp qs sams They are going to get close to s.o./s.t. qeqs sam, qs samp smis S/he/it worked at getting close to s.o./s.t. smin, smint smis They worked at getting close to s.o./s.t. qe smintm, smintp es smnweisti They are getting close to each other. ssmels, ssme get close/lucky to someone physically; has sexual connotation. ssmels S/he got close/lucky to/at s.o./s.t. n ssmels, ssmels es ssmelsi S/he is getting close/lucky to/at s.o./s.t. nes ssmelsi, es ssmelsi es ssmelsi S/he is going to get close/lucky to/at s.o./s.t. nes ssmelsi, es ssmelsi es smnctisti S/he is getting close to themselves. smnctisti samstmn I got close to you. n sam iniuyn I got close to my car. samn u iniuyn I got close to my car. es mistn u esl nmqe es smi ancit I know two bears have been around your house. n ssmels u nes memscti I got lucky when I was playing. ha es ssmelsi t smem Are you getting lucky with a woman? em against/close to someone/something. ems his/her close thing/person. inem, anem ems their close thing/person. qeem, emmp em S/he is close/against. n em, em emnwe Theyre close to each other (i.e. relatives/friends). emnwe em istmelis You are a close relative of mine. em islat My friend is close. qe emnwe, p nes smnctisti, es
neat
tuc neat, in order, clean, preen, groomed. i tuc Its neat. i n tuc, i tuc i tctuc Each of them are neat. i qe tctuc, i p tctuc es tucmi S/he/it is fixing ones self up. nes tucmi, es tucmi es ttucmisti S/he/it is preening a little. nes ttucmisti, es ttucmisti
e Good. See: good.
neck
spin neck.
lpus, lps suffix indicating neck. yullps big neck. rt.: yult thick in girth. See: girth. ntlpus broken neck. ntlpus S/he broke his/her neck. n ntlpus, ntlpus es ntlpusi S/he has a broken neck. nes ntlpusi, es ntlpusi nalpus hurt neck. nalpus S/he hurt his/her neck. n nalpus, nalpus es nalpusi S/he has a sore/hurting neck. nes nalpusi, es nalpusi elps suffix indicating the neck.
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usnelps long neck; giraffe. cawelps The neck of a bottle/item broke. es cawelpsi Its neck is broken. cawpelps The neck of an animal broke. es cawpelpsi The animals neck is broken. soplt throat; wind pipe. See: throat.
neckache nalpus have a neckache. rt.: al ache. neckerchief syalcim neckerchief. necklace sllps, sl necklace. need yapcin in need of something; miss something.
yapcinmis S/he was in need of s.t. yapcinmn, yapcinmnt es yapcinmms S/he is in need of s.t. ies yapcinmm, as yapcinmm qs yapcinmms S/he is going to be in need of s.t. iqs yapcinmm, aqs yapcinmm es yapcinmms They are in need of s.t. qe es yapcinmm, es yapcinmmp yapcnemn someone who always is in need of something. ies yapcinmm u ululim I need money. ym despaired, frustrated; have a block; have a dilemma. See: despair yapcin lack something. See: lack.
needle
needle.
ni buckskin needle. eme pine needle. sommep juniper needle bunches.
needle holder sn needle holder, sewing kit, pin cushion. neighbor ssm neighbor, the house nearby. rt.: sam near; suffix: e house. nephew smam, sm niece/nephew from brother (masculine).
nunume, nunu niece/nephew from sister (masculine). sui nephew from brother (feminine). qe niece/nephew from sister (feminine). swlt orphaned nephew/niece, child of brother/sister after death of connecting relative.
nest net
snusetn nest. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. sce something thats been woven; net. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. es It is woven; net. snqet fish trap; fish net. ap nettles.
nettles nervous
e jumpy, nervous, edgy. i e S/he/it is edgy. i n e, i e i e They are edgy. i qe e, i p e
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e S/he/it was edgy. n e, e es emi S/he/it is edgy. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to be edgy. iqs emi, qs emi e They were edgy. qe e, p e es emi They are edgy. qe es emi, pes emi qs emi They are going to be edgy. qeqs emi, pqs emi emis S/he/it was scared of s.t. emin, emint es eminms S/he/it is scared of s.t. ies eminm, as eminm qs eminms S/he/it is going to be scared of s.t. iqs eminm, aqs eminm emis They were scared of s.t. qe emintm, p emintp es eminms They are scared of s.t. qe es eminm, es eminmp qs eminms They are going to be scared of s.. qeqs eminm, qs eminmp eits S/he/it was edgy about s.t. for s.o. eitn, eitnt eits They were edgy about s.t. for s.o. qe eitntm, eitntp e Each one is edgy. es emi S/he/it is a little edgy. eemn someone who is always nervous/edgy. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. eemu The individual who is nervous/edgy. suffix: mu the individual who always
does.
es ecuti S/he/it is scaring itself. nes ecuti, es ecuti es emnweisti They are scaring each other. qe es emnweisti, pes emnweisti i e u uli The deer are edgy. n sewne te ste u n e I heard something and got nervous/scared. n e t sec I got a little nervous/edgy of the night. psap excited/nervous. See: excited. pspma anxious; nervously anticipating. See: anxious.
never new
tapist, tapist never. sic new; right then; right now; recent.
i sic Its new, (its just finished). i t sic recently. i sic u tisi Big Blankets house is new. i sic u tisi cits Big Blankets house is new. ep cit t i sic u tisi Big Blanket has a new house. tn u i sic u tisi Big Blanket has a big new house. ha i sic u anlkepu Is your coat new. n tumi t i sic iuyn I bought a new car. em qe wis wm m sic qe ein We will finish praying, s.t. something and then we can eat. ie t sic u wisten I recently finshed it. t spistem u wiste? i sic (s.t.) something implied When did you finsh it? Its new (just finished).
news sii story; news; something thats been told. See: tell. news paper siitwe imin news paper. New Year sntum, sntu the time of shaking hands; the new year.
sapsqli, sapsq the time of shooting; the new year. See: shoot.
See: shake hands.
next
stcis next to him/her/it (other side of). astcis other side of you. 295
istcis other side of me. n - prefix indicating together with, do with. The is lost when preceding an s. snemuts S/he/it sits with him/her/it. isnemut, asnemut snesws S/he/it stands with him/her/it. isnesw, asnesw swe u asnemut Whos sitting next to you? sam close to. swe ici sam u emut Who is that sitting next to you? e t indicates next. e t e Which one goes next? e t e si What color goes next? e t swe Whos next? e t ste Whats next? ha e t anwi Are you next? e t anwi Youre next. u e t ste sii u aqs tum Whats next in the pattern that youre going to add? e ye te next time.
Nez Perce
saptnia Nez Perce.
slapa Nez Perce.
ni
nice nickel niece
e, est good, fine, beautiful. See: good. cilsns nickel. smam, sm niece/nephew from brother (masculine).
nunume, nunu niece/nephew from sister (masculine). sui nephew from brother (feminine). qe niece/nephew from sister (feminine). swlt orphaned nephew/niece, child of brother/sister after death of connecting relative.
night
sc, s night. t sc last night. e c tonight. mlsec all night. nsc one night. ta is it t sec I didnt sleep last night. ss, ss nighthawk, night bat, mosquito hawk. ss, ss nighthawk, night bat, mosquito hawk.
night bat nighthawk nightmare
qis have nightmare, bad dream. qis S/he/it had a nightmare. n qis, qis es qisi S/he/it is having a nightmare. nes qisi, es qisi qs qisi S/he/it is going to have a nightmare. iqs qisi, qs qisi qiis They had a nightmare. qe qis, p qis
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es qiisi They are having a nightmare. qe es qisi, pes qisi qs qiisi They are going to have a nightmare. qeqs qisi, pqs qisi qismis S/he/it had a nightmare about s.o./s.t. qismn, qismnt es qisms S/he/it is having a nightmare about s.o./s.t. ies qism, as qism qs qisms S/he/it is going to have a nightmare about s.o./s.t. iqs qism, aqs qism qiismis They had a nightmare about s.o./s.t. qe qismntm, qismntp es qiisms They are having a nightmare about s.o./s.t. qe es qism, es qismp qs qiisms They are going to have a nightmare about s.o./s.t. qeqs qism, qs qismp es qiqisi Each one is having a nightmare. qe es qiis, pes qiis es qiqisms Each one is having nightmare about s.o./s.t. qe es qiqism, es qiqismp qiqis S/he had a little nightmare. scqis nightmare. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. qisemn someone who always has nightmares. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. qisi Have a nightmare. (comm.) qismnt Have a nightmare about s.o./s.t. (comm.) qismnct S/he had a nightmare about his/her self. n qismnct, qismnct es qismncti S/he is having a nightmare about his/herself. nes qismncti, es qismncti qislwis S/he has nightmares everywhere. n qislwis, qislwis qismncn I had a nightmare about you. o aqs qism Youre going to have a nightmare about me.
nine
ut nine. upn e ut nineteen. ut nine people.
t prefix indicating five combined with another affix forming a full word. tst nine days. suffix: ast sky, day. te nine houses. suffix: e house. tep nine eggs. circumfix: nep egg. tsn nine rocks. suffix: sn rock. t prefix indicating nine added to a whole word. tupn ninety, nine tens. tsqe, tsq nine domestic animals or cars. topnstqn nine thousand.
nineteen upn e ut nineteen. ninety tupn, tu ninety. nine hundred tnoqn, tnoq nine hundred. nipple tatame suck on the nipple. See: suck. Nirada naqs Nirada. nit stine nit.
te louse, lice.
no
ta no, not. aausm shake your head side to side to say no. See: shake. 297
oy said in disgruntlement to doing some task, as if to say to hell with you Im not going to do it.
nobody nod
tasw nobody. ta t swe mi t naqs nobody just one person. is nod the head down; greet, hail. nism S/he nodded. n nism, nism es nisi S/he is noding. nes nisi, es nisi qs nisi S/he is going to nod. iqs nisi, qs nisi niism They nodded. qe nism, p nism es niisi They are noding. qe es nisi, pes nisi qs niisi They are going to nod. qeqs nisi, pqs nisi ists S/he nodded to s.o. istn, ist iists They nodded to s.o. qe istm, istp nismis S/he nodded to s.o. in acknowledgement. nismn, nismnt niismis They nodded to s.o. in acknowledgement. qe nismntm, nismntp es nisi S/he keeps noding. nes nisi, es nisi isi Nod. (comm.) ismnt Nod at s.o. (comm.) nsmnwe They nodded at each other. qe nsmnwe, p nsmnwe es nsmnwei They are noding at each other. qe es nsmnwei, p es nsmnwei smnwe They keep nodding at each other. n is mali I salute Mary, hail Mary. u snis u an The anges greeting.
ncqosm nod/throw the head back. ncqosm S/he/it threw the head back. n ncqosm, ncqosm es ncqosi S/he/it is throwing the head back. nes ncqosi, es ncqosi qs ncqosi S/he/it is going to the throw head back. iqs ncqosi, qs ncqosi ncqosm They threw the head back. qe ncqosm, p ncqosm es ncqosi They are throwing the head back. qe es ncqosi, pes ncqosi qs ncqosi They are going to throw the head back. qeqs ncqosi, pqs ncqosi
nodding onion lwye onion. noise nmemecin noisy, bothersome noise. rt.: memet botherome; circumfix: ncin, cn action of
the mouth.
emt m puwau Then s/he/it will make a lot of noise.
no-good
mtmitt, mtmi no-good. mtmitt S/he is no-good. n mtmitt, mtmitt es mttmsctisti S/he is being no-good. nes mttmsctisti, es mttmsctisti nmtmtcin talk no-good words. See: talk. em iq mtmi eli Ill be the no-good one tomorrow, Im going to become tomorrow. i mtmitt Youre really no-good. tam test u tmtn S/he was nothing and good for nothing.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word no-good comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nonagon tstit nonagon; has nine flat sides. none mi none, out of.
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mile none all over. nmi nmpty. mi u qe sin We dont have any food. mqnmi give up. imi only. tast nothing, none.
noon
sntqin, sntqi noon. rt.: to straight; suffix: qin, qn p. est snyaqi Good afternoon. it sntoqi Its almost noon. e qeqs ntoqini Were ready to eat lunch. e qe wis ntoqinm We already ate lunch.
north saltule north. northern flicker ll red-shafted flicker, common flicker, northern flicker. northern flying squirrel supp flying squirrel. northern oriole iwu northern oriole, Bullocks oriole. northern pocket gopher puye mole.
sis gopher.
northern saw-whet owl sqe saw-whet owl. nose snsqs nose, birds beck, pencil tip.
napaqs broken nose; angry. snupupaqs nose hair. nawawpaqs runny nose. es nawawpaqsi S/he/its nose is running. naqsnct Wipe your nose. (comm.) naqsi Wipe a nose. (comm.) nosi Blow your nose. See: snot. nsumsqnm good sniffer (like a dog). ntnqs big nose; high-priced. ntnqs u tisi cit Big Blanket house is high-priced.
nosebleed
mqs, m have a nosebleed. rt.: mip overflow; suffix: aqs nose, road. mqs S/he/it had a nosebleed. n mqs, mqs es mqsi S/he/it has a nosebleed. nes mqsi, es mqsi qs mqsi S/he/it is going to have a nosebleed. iqs mqsi, qs mqsi maqs They had a nosebleed. qe mqs, p mqs es maqsi They have a nosebleed. qe es mqsi, pes mqsi qs maqsi They are going to have a nosebleed. qeqs mqsi, pqs mqsi mqsis S/he/it gave s.o. a nosebleed. mqsn, mqsnt maqsis They gave s.o. a nosebleed. qe mqsntm, mqsntp smqs, sm nosebleed.
not
t no, not. 299
tm it isnt; wrong; not.
not often nothing
tam tm rare, not often. tam i Not often. tast none, nothing.
tnus nothing, worthless. tnus S/he/it is worthless. n tnus, tnus i tu S/he/it is nothing/worthless.
not yet
u not yet.
u u es yonusten I dont know it yet. u u n uyecst Im not done yet. u u es yonusten u sllumt I dont know the story yet. puti u Its still not done.
November sllu spni November (month of story telling). now yetst, yet now, today. suffix: ast sky, day.
sic new, right then, right now, recent. sic n e Now Im here. sic es iti Now you are sleepy. ta qeqs cyy ie sic es otii Those who are growing up right now wont have this knowledge.
nude
tml naked without clothes. See: naked.
npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. npalqsi Remove your clothes. (comm.)
numb
suln foot fell asleep, or went numb. sulst hand fell asleep, or went numb. soln arm fell asleep, or went numb. scsiyen number; something thats counted.
prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
number nun nurse
smem aylqs nun. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. qemt breast feed; nurse. See: breast feed.
smaly olctis nurse; doctors helper.
nut e nut. nutcracker snl Clarks nutcracker. nuthatch llml nuthatch. Nuttalls cottontail wisln, wisln cottontail rabbit.
300
oar
laaptin oar. rt.: laap float; suffix: tn means of/device. laapmin oar. rt.: laap float; suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. mo paddle.
oatmeal mo oatmeal. oats lewn oats.

anmsqe, anmsq oats; horse food. Rt. in eat; suffix: sqe domestic animal; mainly
sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas). rt.: sim
qw thrash wheat; to step on wheat. See: thrash.
obvious
imi u absolutely; for sure; of course; its obvious. See: absolute.
i wnwi Its plainly visible; evident; apparent; very clear; its obvious. See: plain.
occasionally ocean octagon October odor offer
alwi show up once in awhile. See: infrequent. acin Spoke up (once in a while). spmt, spm ocean. rt.: pim release from. henmstit octagon; has eight flat sides. sip spni October (month of hunting).
ip hunt. See: hunt. spup odor. nweymn offering with prayers. nweytn offerings that have prayers. nweym S/he offered. n nweym, nweym es nweymi S/he is offering. nes nweymi, es nweymi qs nweymi S/he is going to offer. iqs nweymi, qs nweymi nweyis S/he offered s.t. nweyn, nweynt es nweyms S/he is offering s.t. ies nweym, as nweym qs nweyms S/he is offering s.t. iqs nweym, aqs nweym onct give offerings/pray. See: pray.
office often
i
snumn office, any work place. tm often.
s.t. something (s.t.) something it often. implied s.o. someone tam it not often. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word i it u wint u uli You often see white-tail deer. tam i em wit u es comm. Command tptpuli You wont often see a lot of sickly people. tam i em wit u es ttuli Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively You wont often see a lot of sickly people. tam i it u n alan I hardly ever get sore i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to arms. a related word.
oh!
eni Oh my (womans exclamation). hayo Oh, gee (mans exclamation). 301
cune Oh thats right; oh yes.
okanagan okay
unaqin, unaqi Okanagan. rt.: wi see; suffix: ...qin, ...qn top.
sna Southern Okanagan. u okay, all right. u qeqs ttuti okay, lets go walk.
put e S/he/it is just right; enough; fine; okay. See: just. hoy quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, cease. See: quit.
old
wl age; get old. wl S/he got old. n wl, wl es wli S/he is getting old. nes wli, es wli qs wli S/he is going to get old. iqs wli, qs wli es wli S/he getting a little old. es talu swl Youre starting to age. o asum iqs wli Youre making me old. e wl S/he is already getting old. t old. otwi become an elder. it old ones; elders. t parent, godparent. t (pl.) ipt gnawed by bugs. (i.e; dried meat or woolen clothes, bugs got into them) See: gnaw. es pam Its moldy. See: mold.
old warrior dance
splqmnct dance the old warrior dance.
es splqmncti He is dancing the old warior dance. nes splqmncti, es splqmncti snsplqmnctn old warrior dance song. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
on once one
in, on, with. n a snemu I sat on a chair. i ci asnittn Lay down on your bed. e On here, this place, here. tnu one time before. te u tnu once in awhile. m tnu there was once.
nu one, single.
nusm family. lit. One fire. nusns penny. i nu single. nli tribe. noqn, noq one hundred. nqs, na one person, a single person. nqs, n one person, alone. n prefix indicating one combined with another affix forming full word. nst one days. suffix: ast sky, day. ne one houses. suffix: e house. nnep one eggs. circumfix: nep egg. nsn one rocks. suffix: sn rock. nsqe, nsq one domestic animals or cars.
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es numnwei They are becoming one with each other; they agree with each other. nnumncn I became one with you; I agreed with you. prefix: n gether with. numnwe They are little way to becoming one with each other.
onion only
lwye nodding onion. seh Douglas onion. mi only. i mi its only. mi e o ant Only if you pay me. a mi u te u tnu e els It seems you only rest once in a while. mi u es npipsi S/he only blinks. i mi u stipn u is swen Alone Stephen went to dance. mi u me t splqe u in Only a little bit of sausage you ate. mi u uet Only a little bit. mi stast u iqs ui Im going to work only half a day. mi u n e I only have one little house. ha mi u es poscni Are you just joking? mi cnilc u ep malye Only they had medicines. ta t swe mi t naqs Nobody just one person.
open
nmapm open a hinged door. rt.: maw break; circumfix: np opening. es nmap It is opened. nmapis S/he/it opened it. nmapn, nmapnt es nmapms S/he/it is opening it. ies nmapm, as nmapm qs nmapms S/he/it is going to open it. iqs nmapm, aqs nmapm nmapis They opened it. qe nmapntm, nmapntp es nmawpms They are opening it. qe es nmapm, es nmapmp qs nmapms They are going to open it. qeqs nmapm, qs nmapmp nmapnt Open the door. (comm.) nmapnt ci nmep Open the door. (comm.) es nmapms nnse S/he is opening the window.
nhepm open a flap. circumfix np opening. es hp It is opened. nhpis S/he opened it. nhpn nhpnt es nhpms S/he/it is opening it. ies nhpm, as nhpm qs nhpms S/he/it is going to open it. iqs nhpm, aqs nhpm nhepis They opened it. qe nhpntm, nhpntp es nhepms They are opening it. qe es nhpm, es nhpmp qs nhepms They are going to open it. qeqs nhpm, qs nhpmp nhpnt Open a flap. (comm.) ncoqp open a bottle or anything that has a lid. circumfix np opening. es ncoqp It is opened. ncoqpis S/he/it opened it. ncoqpn, ncoqpnt es ncoqpms S/he/it is opening it. ies ncoqpm, as ncoqpm qs ncoqpms S/he/it is going to open it. iqs ncoqpm, aqs ncoqpm ncoqepis They opened it. qe ncoqpntm, ncoqpntp es ncoqepms They are opening it. qe es ncoqpm, es ncoqpmp qs ncoqepms They are going to open it. qeqs ncoqpm, qs ncoqpmp ncoqpnt Open the lid/bottle. (comm.) sacn have the mouth open. See: mouth. 303
open up
lpes tear open from the middle. rt.: lip rip; suffix: s middle, center. sllpes lali Popcorn. lqin When a buds first open up. rt.: lip rip; suffix: qin, qn top. e n m e st If you get one, you gut it.
li tear a covering/wrapping off (i.e., a wrapping off a present, etc.). rt.: lip rip; suffix: i
covered in.
li S/he tore the covering off. n li, li es lii S/he is tearing the covering off. nes lii, es lii qs lii S/he is going to tear the covering off. iqs lii, qs lii lie They tore the covering off. qe li, p li es liei They are tearing the covering off. qe es lii, pes lii qs liei They are going to tear the covering off. qeqs lii, pqs lii liis S/he tore the covering off s.t. lin, lint es lims S/he is tearing the covering off s.t. ies lim, as lim qs lims S/he is going to tear the covering off s.t. iqs lim, aqs lim lieis They tore the covering off s.t. qe lintm, lintp es liems They are tearing the covering off s.t. qe es lim, es limp qs liems They are going to tear the covering off s.t. qeqs lim, qs limp nmapm open a hinged door. See: open.
oppose
ewtusm oppose s.o./s.t., to go face to face with. ewtusis S/he/it oppose s.o./s.t. ewtusn, ewtusnt es ewtusms S/he/it is opposing s.o./s.t. ies ewtusm, as ewtusm qs ewtusms S/he/it is going to oppose s.o./s.t. iqs ewtusm, aqs ewtusm iqs ewtusm, ta ies nunenem u ascuwewl Im going to oppose you, I dont believe what you said.
opposite orange
es menm the opposite.
silms Its opposite. See: different. une silms ta Yes is nos opposite. um brownish orange; tan orange. mum (pl.) mums, mu orange (the fruit). rt.: um orange; circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. es ic mu sliced orange. mumset orange juice. suffix: et, t liquid.
Oregon grape sals Oregon grapes. oriole iwu Northern oriole, Bullocks oriole; hermit thrush. s.t. something orphan tmaple orphan, has no parents. rt.: tam negative; prefix: people; suffix: ple (s.t.) something
permanence.
tmaplem S/he/it became an orphan. n tmaplem, tmaplem swlt orphaned nephew/niece; brothers or sisters child after their death; aunt or uncle death of parent(s).
osel oie American dipper; water osel. osprey i osprey, fish hawk. other tcis next to him/her/it (other side of).
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word after comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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astcis other side of you. istcis other side of me. ci i nu the other one. ci i nee the other room. it some, other, several. See: some.
otter ouch our
ltups, ltu river otter. ltu otter pelt. lthe otter braid wraps.
man says. enu woman says. qe nple ours, us. lipust ours.
out of
mi none, out of. See: none. nmi empty inside. mi u qe sin We dont have any food.
sip disappear; gone; wiped out. See: disappear.
outhouse
stn, s toilet. iqs is Im going to go to the outhouse.
nan potty. iqs is nan Im going to the potty.
outstanding yopiyet outstanding, stand out from others, survived. outside lsqe, outside.
u iqs is mei Im going to go outside and smoke. ocq go out. See: go out. pupm go out the woods/canyon into open land.
See: strength.
oval over
i wisn syal oval; a long circle. ses go over something. ses S/he went over. n ses, ses es sesi S/he is going over. nes sesi, es sesi qs sesi S/he is going to go over. iqs sesi, qs sesi sesis S/he brought s.t. over. sesn, sesnt es sesms S/he is bringing s.t. over. ies sesm, as sesm qs sesms S/he is going to bring s.t. over. iqs sesm, aqs sesm sesi Go over. (comm.)
es es Its hung over. tene flying over.
overcast overcoat overflow
tpst, tp overcast. suffix: ast sky, day. stnlqs overcoat; big coat. rt.: tunt big; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. mip overflow from something. (i.e., river bank, a container, etc.)
305
mip It overflowed. es mpmi Its overflowing. qs mpmi Its going to overflow over. es mpulei Its flooding; it is overflowing onto the land. mqs, m have a nosebleed. See: nosebleed. mip inkapi My coffee over filled. et over flow the banks; to flood. See: flood.
overnight camp cci overnight camp, overnight stay. overturn ll overturn.

e cover over something. See: cover.
See: camp.
overwhelm owe owl
homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see something beautiful/good/wonderful. See: awe. lilt, li have debt. See: debt. snine owl; great horned owl, great gray owl. es nine owl dance. witn snine t sest I saw an owl this morning.
nsnm snowy owl. nc burrowing owl. oomu screech owl. suffix: mu the individual who always does. n short-eared owl. sqe northern saw-whet owl. sunma northern pygmy owl.
owl dance
esnine owl dance. ninem S/he owl danced. n ninem, ninem es ninei S/he is owl dancing. nes ninei, es ninei qs ninei S/he is going to owl dance. iqs ninei, qs ninei ninem They owl danced. qe ninem, p ninem es ninei They are owl dancing. qe es ninei, pes ninei qs ninei They are going to owl dance. qeqs ninei, pqs ninei nninemis S/he owl danced with s.o. nninemn, nninemnt es nniems S/he is owl dancing with s.o. ies nniem, as nniem qs nniems S/he is going to owl dance with s.o. iqs nniem, aqs nniem niem S/he owl danced a little. n niem, niem ninemn someone who always likes to owl dance. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. snninetn owl dance song. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. ninei Owl dance. (comm.) nninemnt Owl dance with someone. (comm.) ninels S/he wanted to owl dance. n ninels, ninels es ninelsi S/he is wanting to owl dance. nes ninelsi, es ninelsi
own
ep have, has, own. See: have. 306
ti acquire something; get, receive something; gather. See: acquire.
owner
ellt owner; master; lord. q ellt t esy spus May you be every hearts master.
oysters se oysters, clams. Oyster Creek epse Oyster Creek. lit. has oysters.
P
Pablo pack
iilqsa Pablo. lit. long narrow strip of trees.
et carry on back; pack. tmis S/he/it carried s.t. tmn, tmnt es tms S/he/it is carrying s.t. ies tm, as tm qs tms S/he/it is going to carry s.t. iqs tm, aqs tm etmis They carried s.t. qe tmntm, tmntp es etms They are carrying s.t. qe es tm, es tmp qs etms They are going to carry s.t. qeqs tm, qs tmp st somebody who packs. prefix: s one who does. set pack. snetn backpack. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snt quiver for arrows. etn pack saddle. suffix: ...tn means of/device. stsqe, stsq pack horse; pack mule. prefix: s one who does. e etmn qe simu I carried it back to our tipi. st ci sule Thats a pack mule.
t pack an animal after hunting. t S/he packed game. n t, t isqem pack a horse. isqem S/he packed a horse. n isqem, isqem es isqei S/he is packing a horse. nes isqei, es isqei qs isqei S/he is going to pack a horse. iqs isqei, qs isqei
pack horse pack rat pack up
stsqe, stsq Pack horse, pack mule. prefix: s one who does.
opmups tail strap on pack horse. ht rat. sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. lmnct pack ones self up. rt.: ul fold; suffix: cut action to the self. lmnct S/he/it packed up. n lmnct, lmnct es lmncti S/he/it is packing up. nes lmncti, es lmncti qs lmncti S/he/it is going to pack up. iqs lmncti, qs lmncti lmncut They packed up. qe lmnct, p lmnct es lmncuti They are packing up. qe es lmncti, pes lmncti qs lmncuti They are going to pack up. qeqs lmncti, pqs lmncti
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lmnct Pack up. (comm.) lmnctwi All of you packing up. (comm.) p lmnct m p im All of you pack up and move. peqmncut unpack ones self. See: unpack.
paddle mo paddle. See: oar. pail epe, ep bucket, pail. pain al, a achy; sore; hurting; in pain. paint mim paint.
See: ache.
mim S/he painted. n mim, mim es mii S/he is painting. nes mii, es mii qs mii S/he is going to paint. iqs mii, qs mii mim They painted. qe mim, p mim es mii They are painting. qe es mii, pes mii qs mii They are going to paint. qeqs mii, pqs mii miis S/he painted s.t. min, mint es mims S/he is painting s.t. ies mim, as mim qs mims S/he is going to paint s.t. iqs mim, aqs mim miis They painted s.t. qe mintm, mintp es mims They are painting s.t. qe es mim, es mimp qs mims They are going to paint s.t. qeqs mim, qs mimp es mi Its painted. smim somebody who paints; painter. prefix: s one who does. mitn Paintbrush. suffix: ...tn means of/device. mimn, mitn Paint. mii Paint. (comm.) mint Paint it. (comm.) em mim S/he will paint. em n mim, em mim em mim They will paint. em qe mim, em p mim ttnule u scmis S/he painted on big wide areas. ste u as mim What are you painting? swe u es nte qs mii Who wants to paint? sic n ep mimn Now I have paint. mism paint the face. suffix: us face, fire. mism S/he painted his/her face. n mism, mism es misi S/he is painting his/her face. nes misi, es misi qs misi S/he is going to paint his/her face. iqs misi, qs misi mism They painted his/her face. qe mism, p mism es misi They are painting their faces. qe es misi, pes misi qs misi They are going to paint his/her face. qeqs misi, pqs misi emsm put red paint on the face. suffix: us face, fire. emsm S/he painted his/her face red. n emsm, emsm es emsi S/he is painting his/her face red. nes emsi, es emsi qs emsi S/he is going to paint his/her face red. iqs emsi, qs emsi emsm They painted his/her face red. qe emsm, p emsm es emsi They are painting their faces red. qe es emsi, pes emsi qs emsi They are going to paint his/her face red. qeqs emsi, pqs emsi
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aysm make/paint the face black. suffix: us face, fire. aysm S/he painted his/her face black. n aysm, aysm es aysi S/he is painting his/her face black. nes aysi, es aysi qs aysi S/he is going to paint his/her face black. iqs aysi, qs aysi
paintbrush
mitn paintbrush. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
sll siis Indian Paintbrush; Thunders sparks.
painted turtle s turtle. pale i pa Its faded/pale.

paas pale face (when you see a ghost or when youre really sick). suffix: us face, fire. es pam fades. i pa ululim silver. lit. faded metal.
palm snmnest palm. snmnest palms. Palm Sunday lcn Palm Sunday. palomino pi palomino horse. pan snmn skillet, frying pan.
snpu boiling pot. qpe, qp plate, dishpan.
pancake scna pancakes. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. pancreas panda uswi namqes panda bear. pants snoups, snou pants, trousers.
es noups S/he is wearing pants. nes noups, es noups noupsi Put your pants on. (comm.) ta snoupsm There were no trousers. hoy mais snoupsts S/he took off his/her pants. suye snoupsts Ant in his/her pants. mi snou There were no trousers. nups circumfix indication the butt, tail or pants. niqps tore/raggy pants. nalups yellow pants; yellow tail; yellow butt. nupaqstnm put the leg inside. rt.: um Stab, sting. See: inside.
paper imin paper, book. paper birch l, birch; paper birch.

birch bark.
paper puncher mintn imin paper puncher. parade sntute parade. rt.: tut walk (pl.).
es ntute They are parading.
rt.: o hole; suffix: mintn ol.
Paradise parent
e Paradise. t parent, godparent. 309
ot parents. sct foster parent. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. sct foster parents. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. senmt parents of son or daughter-in-law. ttmtn parents of son or daughter-in-law.
park
es cqsq S/he is parked. es cqeu They are parked.
parsnip tep, te cow parsnip. part es divide/part something; apportion.

ihe u q oy This part will be mine.
See: divide.
eh separate; break free of; loosen. See: separate.
partner
st friend, partner.
sct partner. n - prefix indicating together with, do with. See: with. snsust drinking partner. prefix: n gether with.
Pascal pass
pasq Pascal.
cim pass; to go by. cntes S/he/it passed s.t./s.o. cnten, cnte es cims S/he/it is passing s.t./s.o. ies cim, as cim qs cims S/he/it is going to pass s.t./s.o. iqs cim, aqs cim cntes They passed s.t./s.o. qe cntem, cntep es cims They are passing s.t./s.o. qe es cim, es cimp qs cims They are going to pass s.t./s.o. qeqs cim, qs cimp ccmu The individual that always passed by. suffix: mu the individual who always
does.
ci Pass by. (comm.) cint Pass by s.t./s.o. (comm.) ct go through or past. es cnweisti They are passing each other. n neemuscut u n ect I went into a crowd and passed through. e upn e cil ct nu 15 passed 1, 1:15. upn ct ntqi Ten past noon. cusi, cusi go over a mountain pass. cusi S/he/it went over. n cusi, cusi es cusii S/he/it is going over. nes cusii, es cusii qs cusii S/he/it is going to go over. iqs cusii, qs cusii cusi They went over. qe cusi, p cusi es cusii They are going over. qe es cusii, pes cusii qs cusii They are going to go over. qeqs cusii, pqs cusii scusi mountain pass. e qeqs cusi snymn Pretty soon we are going to go over the big mountains Mission. iu pass through, go through. umi te u iqs iu Excuse me, I am going to go through right here. 310
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, - Redirection to See: related word. to a
pum distribute, spread around, pass/hand out. See: distribute.
pass through past pat
iu pass through, go through. umi te u iqs iu Excuse me, I am going to go through right here. m past, used to be. m iniuyn It used to be my car. m swe What was your name? tute pat/touch. tuteis S/he patted s.o./s.t. tuten, tutent tuteis ci nosmi t stipn Stephen patted the dog.
path es q small path/trail. See: trail. patience qeqs nwelsmnwi We have patience with each other. patrol car sncqcqa patrol car, cop car. prefix: s one who does. patrol man snanqsm patrol man. prefix: s one who does. pattern ui t sii Make a pattern.
ue umt sii Make the same pattern. u e t ste sii u aqs tum Whats next in the pattern that youre going to add? es i It has a pattern around it. i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it.
pave pay
es naqs The road is paved. rt.: i dirty; circumfix: naqs nose, road. a pay someone. ais S/he paid s.o. an, ant es ams S/he is paying s.o. ies am, as am qs ams S/he is going to pay s.o. iqs am, aqs am ais They paid s.o. qe antm, antp es ams They are paying s.o. qe es am, es amp qs ams They are going to pay s.o. qeqs am, qs amp antm S/he was paid. ant Pay s.o. (comm.) e o ant If you pay me. mi e o ant Only if you pay me. mi e o antm Only if I get paid. mi e o ais Only if they pay me.
npus pay off debts. npus S/he paid debts/squared up. n npus, npus nlisusm, nlisu pay ones debt. nlisusm S/he paid their debt. n nlisusm, nlisusm
pay day
scpmi something that has been handed out (i.e.rations, per capita, commodities,
day). prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
pe
peace
qmqemt S/he is at peace/content. See: calm.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word pay comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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peanuts ee nuts, peanuts. pear mmus, mmu pear. rt.: im constricted. peas lipuw peas. (approximation to French word)
int anlipuw Eat your peas.
peek
se peeking out.
wesm hide the face; play peek-a-boo. rt.: we hide; suffix: us face, fire. wesm S/he hid his/her face. n wesm, s wesm es wesi S/he is hiding his/her face. nes wesi, es wesi qs wesi S/he is going to hide his/her face. iqs wesi, sqs wesi wesm They hid his/her face. qe wesm, p wesm es wesi They are hiding his/her face. qe es wesi, pes wesi qs wesi They are going to hide his/her face. qeqs wesi, pqs wesi wesis S/he hid s.o.s face. wesn, wesnt es wesms S/he is hiding s.o.s face. ies wesm, as wesm qs wesms S/he is going to hide s.o.s face. iqs wesm, aqs wesm wesis They hid s.o.s face. qe wesntm, wesntp es wesms They are hiding s.o.s face. qe es wesm, es wesmp qs wesms They are going to hide s.o.s face. qeqs wesm, qs wesmp es uwesi S/he/it playing peek-a-boo. nes uwesi, es uwesi iiya peeking around something. (i.e., looking out a window, peeking around a corner, etc.) es iiya S/he is peeking around. nes iiya, es iiya
peel
ewi peel something off. suffix: i covered in. scewi peelings.
awalm peel bark or flower stems. awalm S/he peeled bark. n awalm, awalm es awali S/he is peeling bark. nes awali, es awali qs awali S/he is going to peel bark. iqs awali, qs awali awalis S/he peeled the bark. awaln, awalnt es awalm S/he is peeling the bark. ies awalm, as awalm qs awalm S/he is going to peel the bark. iqs awalm, aqs awalm scawal something thats been peeled. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. awali Peel. (comm.) awalnt Peel it. (comm.) qsnt ascawl em i u Throw it over your peeled pole so itll be clean. awep Skin, to peel skin off. es awepi t e S/he is peeling the muskrat. om make bare; peel (i.e., peeling bitterroot, peeling camas, plucking the fuzz off a bird). om S/he/it peeled. n om, om es oi S/he is peeling. nes oi, es oi qs oi S/he is going to peel. iqs oi, qs oi om They peeled. qe om, p om es oi They are peeling. qe es oi, pes oi qs oi They are going to peel. qeqs oi, pqs oi ois S/he/it peeled s.t. on, ont 312
es oms S/he is peeling s.t. ies om, as om qs oms S/he is going to peel s.t. iqs om, aqs om ois They peeled s.t. qe ontm, ontp es oms They are peeling s.t. qe es om, es omp qs oms They are going to peel s.t. qeqs om, qs omp scom something thats been peeled. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. scco peelings. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. oi Peel. (comm.) owi All of you peel. (comm.) ont Peel s.t. (comm.) no bald. rt.: om make bare. no S/he is bald. n no, no le bare land. nt esy ascct Peel everything you dig up. es pmi S/he is cleaning. (i.e. scraping, peeling down something) See: clean. i l The pole is clean.
pelt
tt hide, pelt. antt your hide. en u ci tt? Wheres that hide?
pen imintn pen, pencil. pencil imintn pen, pencil.

mintn pencil, carpenters marker. rt.: esi line.; suffix: mintn instrument. snsqs nose, birds beak, pencil tip. nimaqstn sharpener, pencil sharpener. suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: sharp.
Pend dOreille
setmcin Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at
wide; suffix: et, t liquid. (Self identification term)
setmi Upper Pend dOreille; people of the wide lake. rt.: at wide; suffix: et,
t liquid. (Qlispel term)
qlispl, qlisp Kalispel, Lower Pend dOreille. rt.: qal fresh, raw. (Self identification term)
penis
spalq penis. See section 2. spapq little penis. syut, syu thick penis. See: girth. suq erect penis. swisn long penis. n syu I have a thick penis.
smalqm kiss a penis. o smalqnt Kiss my penis.
penguin
wwe It waddles; penguin.
ain wwe yellow foot penguin. lit. a yellow footed waddler.
penny nusns penny. pentagon clstit pentagon; has five flat sides.
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people
sqeli person; people; Indian. rt.: sqelt meat, flesh; rt.: suli land, earth. lsqeli people; tore from the land. rt.: sqelt meat, flesh; rt.: suli land, earth; prefix: il re. snsqeli fellow people; fellow human being.
eli, li, l suffix indicating people. sncmasqli, sncmasq little people. (similar to elves, gnomes, or leprechauns) snli tribespeople, those who live in the same place, one people. rt.: nu one. naqs one person. naqsm S/he is alone/is one person. n naqsm, naqsm es naqsm S/he is one person. nes naqsm, es naqsm nnaqs Each one of them. naqs Those ones individually. sel Two people. selm Those two people. qe selm, p selm es selm There are two people. qe es selm, pes selm eee Three people. eee Those three people. qe eee, p eee es eee There are three people. qe eee, p eee el sis Three groups of seven. musms four people. musms those four people. qe musms, p musms es musms There are four people. qe es musms, pes musms mmus groups of 4 people. es mmnus those groups of four. cilcl five people. cilcl those five people. qe cilcl, p cilcl es cilcl There are five people. qe es cilcl, pes cilcl clcil groups of five. an six people. an those six people. qe an, p an es an There are six people. qe es an, pes an an groups of six. sis seven people. sis those seven people. qe sis, p sis es sis There are seven people. qe es sis, pes sis sisis groups of seven. henm eight people. henm those eight people. qe henm, p henm es henm There are eight people. qe es henm, pes henm hehenm groups of eight. ut nine people. ut those nine people. qe ut, p ut es ut There are nine people. qe es ut, pes ut nnut groups of nine. upn ten people. 314
upn those ten people. qe upn, p upn es upn There are ten people. qe es upn, pes upn upupn groups of ten. upn e naqs eleven people. ei lot of people. p inn How many are there of you? See: how many. stes family or a group of people.
pepper
tta, tta pepper. ttam S/he peppered (s.t.) n ttam, ttam es ttai S/he is peppering (s.t.) nes ttai, es ttai qs ttai S/he is going to pepper (s.t.) iqs ttai, qs ttai ttais S/he peppered it. ttan, ttant es ttams S/he is peppering it. ies ttam, as ttam qs ttams S/he is going to pepper it. iqs ttam, aqs ttam es tta Its peppered. i tta Its peppery. sntta pepper shaker. ttant Pepper it. (comm.)
peppermint per capita perch
nnp, nn field mint, peppermint.
scpmi something that has been handed out (i.e.rations, per capita, commodities, pay day). rt.: pum distribute; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. mut sit up high; perch. mut esi S/he/it sat in a tree. sw ask, inquire. See: ask. swne hear, listen. See: hear.
perceive
sunut listen. See: listen.
peregrine falcon atat peregrine falcon, duck hawk. peform a busy with; mess around with; perform; finally.
atim busy. See: busy.
See: busy.
perfume perhaps
senistn Indian perfume. suffix: ...tn means of/device.

qmepe beaver testicles (used for scent/fragrance). a perhaps or maybe. a em ipys Maybe itll rain. a u a ta Maybe, maybe not.
uc particle expressing perhaps in a question form. uc ep sem Perhaps you have bitterroot? uc ep ululim Perhaps you have money? (nice way to ask for money) a uc ep sem Is it possible you have bitterroot.
Perma
solelwet, solelwe Perma. (lit. to come out of a canyon to the water) suffix: et, 315
t liquid.
persistent
See: busy.
alnumt persistant.
alwis, alwi hustle around for something; able, persistent, determined in doing something. naels always busy, snoopy, nosy, prying. See: business.
person sqeli person; people; Indian. perspire silt sweat, perspire. See: sweat. persuade urge someone; insist. See: insist.
acni insist/beg. See: insist. qil beg, insist, persuade. See: beg.
pest memt pest. See: bother. pester mestm brother. See: bother. pet eu pet.
ellt owner; master; lord. ecm smooth hair; to pet. ecis S/he pet it. ecn, ecnt es ecms S/he is petting it. ies ecm, as ecm qs ecms S/he is going to pet it. iqs ecm, aqs ecm ecis They pet it. qe ecn, ecntp es ecms They are petting it. qe es ecm, es ecmp qs ecms They are going to pet it. qeqs ecm, qs ecmp acqnm smooth hair of the head; to pet the head. acqnis S/he pet it. acqn, acqnt es acqnms S/he is petting it. ies acqnm, as acqnm qs acqnms S/he is going to pet it. iqs acqnm, aqs acqnm acqis They pet it. qe acqn, acqntp es acqnms They are petting it. qe es acqnm, es acqnmp qs acqnms They are going to pet it. qeqs acqnm, qs acqnmp acqnt Pet its head. (comm.) tute pat/touch. See: pat.
Peter pyl, piyl Peter, Pierre. Petty Creek snemm Petty Creek near Alberton. pheasant usi sis ring-necked pheasant.
usuwisn pheasant.
Phillip pli Phillip. photocopying machine

sniimintn printer, copier. prefix: sn a place of;
photograph
si photograph, picture.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command suffix: Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
iim draw a picture. See: draw. em qe iintm u qe sume Well paint pictures of our medicine power. 316
pick
tim pick/get a plant object or clay. tim S/he picked. n tim, tim es tii S/he is picking. nes tii, es tii qs tii S/he is going to pick. iqs tii, qs tii tim They picked. qe tim, p tim es tii They are picking. qe es tii, pes tii qs tii They are going to pick. qeqs tii, pqs tii tiis S/he picked s.t. tin, tint es tims S/he is picking s.t. ies tim, as tim qs tims S/he is going to pick s.t. iqs tim, aqs tim tiis They picked s.t. qe tintm, tintp es tims They are picking s.t. qe es tim, es timp qs tims They are going to pick s.t. qeqs tim, qs timp es ttii S/he is picking (things). nes tii, es tii es ttims S/he is picking things. ies ttim, as ttim es titi S/he is picking a little. nes titi, es titi es titms S/he is picking a little of s.t. ies titm, as titm ti It was picked. tin I was able to pick it. tintm It was picked by somebody. tinuis S/he/it finally picked s.t. tinuin, tinuint tits S/he/it picked s.t. for s.o. titn, tit stim somebody who gathers things. prefix: s one who does. temn someone who always likes to gather. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ttmu the individual that gathers. suffix: mu the individual who always does. scti something thats been gathered. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. sntitn place to gather. timn something used to gather. (i.e. pee) tii Gather. (comm.) tiwi You all gather. (comm.) tint Gather s.t. (comm.) tinti You all gather s.t. (comm.) tilwis go around and gather. es tilwisi S/he is gathering here and there. nes tilwisi, es tilwisi tilwisi Gather here and there. (comm.) ticnm get/harvest food. See: harvest. tiq harvest. See: harvest. u qeqs is tii t sit Lets go get some white clay. u ie ttim t sit u t s.t. something (s.t.) something sqsi Theres where they got white clay long ago. ha stim Are you someone that implied gathers? a u tin I finally acquired it. e tintm Its already been picked. tint s.o. someone P.l. Plural u se You picked a flower. R.t. Root word
um pick something up using an instrument or tool. (i.e. a needle for beads, a pitchfork for Lit. Literally
hay/rocks, etc.)
comm. Command Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

a related word.
um S/he picked up. n um, um es mi S/he is picking up. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to pick up. iqs mi, qs mi um They picked up. qe um, p um es mi They are picking up. qe es mi, pes mi
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qs mi They are going to pick up. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he picked s.t. up. nten, nte es ums S/he is picking s.t. up. ies um, es um qs ums S/he is going to pick s.t. up. iqs um, qs um ntes They picked s.t. up. qe ntem, ntep es ums They are picking s.t. up. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to pick s.t. up. qeqs um, qs ump unt Pick it up. (comm.) em ntes S/he will pick s.t.up. em nten, em nte em ntes They will pick s.t.up. em qe ntem, em ntep em qs ums S/he will be picking s.t.up. em iqs um, em aqs um em qs ums They will be picking s.t.up. em qeqs um, em qs ump unt tins Put the (bead) on the sinew. unt Put the (bead) on the needle. lem gather/pick berries and fruit. lm S/he picked. n lm, lm es li S/he is picking. nes li, es li qs li S/he is going to pick. iqs li, qs li lem They picked. qe lm, p lm es lei They are picking. qe es li, pes li qs lei They are going to pick. qeqs li, pqs li lis S/he/it picked berries. ln, lnt es lms S/he is picking berries. ies lm, as lm qs lms S/he is going to pick berries. iqs lm, aqs lm leis They picked berries. qe lntm, lntp es lems They are picking berries. qe es lm, es lmp qs lems They are going to pick berries. qeqs lm, qs lmp sclm something thats been picked. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. li Pick berries. (comm.) lnt Pick the berries. (comm.) luscin, lusci pick and eat berries. es lusci S/he is picking and eating berries. nes lusci, es lusci e p lusci em p wim t nmqe If you pick berries, youll see bears. em p is lm t itm Youll all go picking strawberries. sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas). rt.: sim
m lift something up. See: lift. eni repeatedly lift something; picking something up. es eeni S/he is picking up. nes eeni, es eeni ti acquire something; to get, receive something; to gather. See: acquire. e tintm Its already been picked. tint u se You picked a flower. u ttim t sit u t sqsi Theres where they got white clay long ago. nm choose, pick, select, try. See: try. ami gather/collect. See: gather. wi dig, pick. See: dig. heti tease. See: tease.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural ie R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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pick-up truck snuu truck, pick-up truck. picture si photograph, picture.

iim draw a picture. See: draw. em qe iintm u qe sume Well paint pictures of our medicine power.
pie pay pie. pierce smu pierce.
rt.: It has a hole.
ntem S/he/it was pierced; s/he/it had a hole put through him/her/it. nne have pierced ears. See: earrings. mn awl. ptumnl, ptumn crucify; pinned to wood. See: pin.
piece
tti piece. oi single piece.
Pierre pyl, piyl Peter, Pierre. pig lo pig, bacon, pork, ham.
(approximation to French word)
llo pigs. lo piglets, little pig. snlotn pig pen. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. nppqs hog, pig (has a thick nose). rt.: pit thick.
pig feet lo uciln pig feet. pigeon o pigeon. pika si pika, rock rabbit. pile oyqn pile things.
oyqis S/he piled s.t. oyqn, oyqnt es oyqnms S/he is piling s.t. ies oyqnm, as oyqnm qs oyqnms S/he is going to pile s.t. iqs oyqnm, aqs oyqnm oyqis They piled s.t. qe oyqntm, oyqntp es oyqnms They are piling s.t. qe es oyqnm, es oyqnmp qs oyqnms They are going to pile s.t. qeqs oyqnm, qs oyqnmp es oyqn Its piled. oyqn tspisce I piled it yesterday. oyqnt tspisce You piled it yesterday. oyqntp ni e t sew You guys pile it up, because theres already a lots of s.t. something fish. (s.t.) something a pile rocks. ntes S/he piled it. nten, nte es a pile of rocks. es a It is something soft and squishy (i.e. excrement, person, brains, a wet hide, etc.) (If someone a big belly es a can be said about it.); figuratively to feel tired and loose. es a S/he feels tired and loose. nes a, es a i nes a I Dont feel good or I feel tired and loose. 319
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively has i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
snmn jar; a container of soft squishy stuff. rt.: a s.t. soft/squishy; prefix: sn a place
of; suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
aqan have messy hair; derogatory, to be a dumb/splat head. See: dumb. aoye jerk. See: dumb. a played out; have no energy; tired. See: tired.
pileated woodpecker spuwqn pileated woodpecker, red-headed woodpecker. pill scmu pill. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
e a ep scmu musi Suppose you have pills.
pillow pimple pin
nne pillow. rt.: e lump; suffix: ene ear.
seeus pimples, acne. rt.: e lump; suffix: us face, fire. seus pimple, zit. e headpin.
ute safety pin. es loms S/he is pinning s.t. to s.t. ies lom, as lom ptal tack something to something. ptalm S/he tacked. n ptalm, ptalm es ptali S/he is tacking. nes ptali, es ptali qs ptali S/he is going to tack. iqs ptali, qs ptali ptalm They tacked. qe ptalm, p ptalm es ptali They are tacking. qe es ptali, pes ptali qs ptali They are going to tack. qeqs ptali, pqs ptali ptalism S/he tacked s.t. to the wall. ptaln, ptalnt es ptalms S/he is tacking s.t. to the wall. ies ptalm, as ptalm qs ptalms S/he is going to tack s.t. to the wall. iqs ptalm, aqs ptalm ptalis They tacked s.t. to the wall. qe ptalntm, ptalntp es ptalms They are tacking s.t. to the wall. qe es ptalm, es ptalmp qs ptalms They are going to tack s.t. to the wall. qeqs ptalm, qs ptalmp tptntes S/he tacked s.t. to the wall. tptnten, tptnte ptumnl, ptumn crucify; pinned to wood. utlen lacing pins of a tipi. suffix: ...en within. See: tipi.
pinch
i pinch. nipm wink. See: wink. icnm choke somebody. See: choke. imn pliers. n i t almin The scissors pinched me. stp Ponderosa pine, bull pine.
pine
lit lodgepole pine.
pine beetle pine cone pine drops
syal pPine beetle. si pine cone; tree cone. snp apmis pine drops. lit. Coyotes arrow.
320
pine grosbeak ntnqs evening grosbeak, black-headed grosbeak, pine grosbeak. pine marten o pine marten, marten. pine needles eme pine needles. pine squirrel isc squirrel. pineapple weed nclclqin pineapple weed. pink i hen Its pink. hnhen pinks. (pl.)
il, i pink. lit. little red.
pink eye ilils bloodshot eyes, pink eye. pint ppi pint. pinto al pinto.
es ae pinto. als His/her pinto.
circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes.
ep a u qeyqeyi Qeyqeyshi had a pinto horse.
pipe
snmetn, snm smoking pipe. rt.: me smoke; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
pe pipe; chimney. u es npcnwi Those who were smoking the pipe. qeqs mnm qeqs snpsnw Well pass the peace pipe.
pipsissewa, princes pine sllpu princes pine pipsissewa. pistol nnste, nnste pistol, six-shooter. prefix: n inside; prefix: nst six; suffix:
ee inside hollow object, body. lit. six hollows inside.
Pistol Creek Mountain nsey east end of Pistol Creek Mountain. pitch etn pitch gum, Ponderosa pine pitch.
sue pitch wood.
pitchfork
min, mi pitchfork. rt.: um pick up; suffix: ...min, mn
instrument/tool. See: pick.
um pick things up repeatedly with an instrument/tool. (i.e., using a pitchfork, picking up

beads with a needle.)
um S/he picked up repeatedly. n um, um es mi S/he is picking up repeatedly. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to pick up repeatedly. iqs mi, qs mi um They picked up repeatedly. qe um, p um es mi They are picking up repeatedly. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to pick up repeatedly. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he picked up the things repeatedly. nten, nte es mi S/he is picking up the things repeatedly. ies um, as um qs mi S/he is going to pick up the things repeatedly. iqs um, um um They picked up the things repeatedly. qe ntem, ntep
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to aqs a related word.
321
es mi They are picking up the things repeatedly. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to pick up the things repeatedly. qeqs um, qs ump
pitch wood sue pitch wood. pity it pitiful, poor.

it S/he/it is pitiful. n it, it iit They are pitiful. qe it, p it nmis S/he/it pitied s.o. nmin, nmint nmis They pitied s.o. qe nmintm, nmintp nls pity; to be a kind person. circumfix: nels want, feel. See: kind. us S/he has a pitiful face. n us, us scin S/he had pitiful words. n scin, scin msct pity ones self; to have a hardtime. See: hardship. estm cause someone to have a hard time; to play a trick on someone. See: trick. o nmintm I was pitied. e we it em en Even if hes poor, Ill take him. qe u it We are pitiful. qil beg, insist, persuade. See: beg.
pl
place
tu put/place something down. (i.e, an object, bet, wager). tum put something down/to place someone in charge/to appoint. tntes S/he put s.t. down. tntn, tnt es tums S/he is placing s.t. down. ies tum, as tum qs tums S/he is going to place s.t. down. iqs tum, aqs tum tntes They put s.t. down. qe tntm, tntp es tums They are placing s.t. down. qe es tum, es tump qs tums They are going to place s.t. down. qeqs tum, qs tump tunt Put it down. (comm.) e tunt Put it back down. (comm.) tncut place ones self down. tncut Put yourself down. (comm.) tmstes S/he laid s.t./s.o. down. tmsten, tmste es tmstes S/he is laying s.t./s.o. down. es tmsten, es tmste es tmstems S/he is laying s.t./s.o. down. ies tmstem, as tmstem qs tmstems S/he is going to lay s.t./s.o. down. iqs tmstem, aqs tmstem tmstem S/he/it was laid down. tmstem t sal The sickness put me down. tum put something down on the surface. tntes S/he put s.t. down on the surface. tntn, tnt es tums S/he is placing s.t. down on the surface. ies tum, as tum qs tums S/he is going to place s.t. down on the surface. iqs tum, aqs tum tntes They put s.t. down on the surface. qe tntm, tntp es tums They are placing s.t. down on the surface. qe es tum, es tump
322
qs tums They are going to place s.t. down on the surface. tump tu placed upon; laid. tunt Put it on the surface. (comm.) m tnte u You will put it on top again.
qeqs tum, qs
tetm place something on the surface of the water. tetis S/he put s.t. on the water. tetn, tetnt es tetms S/he is placing s.t. on the water. ies tetm, as tetm qs tetms S/he is going to place s.t. on the water. iqs tetm, aqs tetm tetis They put s.t. on the water. qe tetntm, tetntp es tetms They are placing s.t. on the water. qe es tetm, es tetmp qs tetms They are going to place s.t. on the water. qeqs tetm, qs tetmp tetnt Put it on the water. (comm.) tetn iye u n laap I put the canoe on the water and floated. ntum put something inside. ntntes S/he put s.t. inside. ntntn, ntnt es ntums S/he is placing s.t. inside. ies ntum, as ntum qs ntums S/he is going to place s.t. inside. iqs ntum, aqs ntum ntntes They put s.t. inside. qe ntntm, ntntp es ntums They are placing s.t. inside. qe es ntum, es ntump qs ntums They are going to place s.t. inside. qeqs ntum, qs ntump ntunt Put it down. (comm.) tum put something underneath. tntes S/he put s.t. underneath. tntn, tnt es tums S/he is placing s.t. underneath. ies tum, as tum qs tums S/he is going to place s.t. underneath. iqs tum, aqs tum tntes They put s.t. underneath. qe tntm, tntp es tums They are placing s.t. underneath. qe es tum, es tump qs tums They are going to place s.t. underneath. qeqs tum, qs tump es u It is placed underneath. tunt Place it underneath. (comm.) tum put something on the side. tntes S/he put s.t. on the side. tntn, tnt es tums S/he is placing s.t. on the side. ies tum, as tum qs tums S/he is going to place s.t. on the side. iqs tum, aqs tum tntes They put s.t. on the side. qe tntm, tntp es tums They are placing s.t. on the side. qe es tum, es tump qs tums They are going to place s.t. on the side. qeqs tum, qs tump tunt Put it on the side. (comm.) qmin place things down; to lay things down; to put things down. See: lay. qmin place things on a surface. qmin S/he placed things on a surface. n qmin, qmin es qmini S/he is placing things on a surface. nes qmini, es qmini qs qmini S/he is going to place things on a surface. iqs qmini, qs qmini nqmnet place things in the water. suffix: et, t liquid. 323
nqmnetm S/he put (things) in the water. n nqmnetm, nqmnetm es nqmneti S/he is placing (things) in the water. nes nqmneti, es nqmneti qs nqmneti S/he is going to put things in the water. iqs nqmneti, qs nqmneti nqmnetm They put (things) in the water. qe nqmnetm, p nqmnetm es nqmneti They are placing (things) in the water. qe es nqmneti, pes nqmneti qs nqmneti They are going to place (things) in the water. qeqs nqmneti, pqs nqmneti nqmnetis S/he put things in the water. nqmnetn, nqmnetnt es nqmnetms S/he is placing things in the water. ies nqmnetm, as nqmnetm qs nqmnetms S/he is going to place things in the water. iqs nqmnetm, aqs nqmnetm nqmnetis They put things in the water. qe qmnetntm, nqmnetntp es nqmnetms They are placing things in the water. qe es nqmnetm, es nqmnetmp qs nqmnetms They are going to place things in the water. qeqs nqmnetm, qs nqmnetmp nqmnetnt Put them in the water. (comm.) nqmnetis u siis They put their food in the water. n nqmnetm t sim I put the blanket in the water. caq set down. See: set. ye e in this place. ye te from this place. in that place. t from that place, from that time. nule another/one place/land. nule at another place. pusule thinking of a certain place/area/land. rt.: spus heart; suffix: ule land. es pusulei S/he is thinking of a place. nes pusulei, es pusulei es miulests S/he knows the place/area/land. es miulestn, es miulest es miulests They know the place/area/land. qe es miulestm, es miulestp ta es miulestn I Dont know that place. ha es miulest Do you know that place? e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert.
Placid Lake le Placid Lake. plain i wnwi Its plainly visible; evident; apparent; very clear; its obvious.
i wnwi u slil Its very clear and sunshiny. wnwnwi u sttips Its ribs were s.t. something showing, sticking out. (s.t.) something nunwimps The butt is plainly visible. i nunwimps His/her butt is plainly visible.
plains Plains plant
wm plain. nci Plains.
q plant. q S/he planted. n q, q sq, slq plant, a garden.
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lolq t spi, lewn, aa, it. They planted wheat, oats, plants, lots. es lulei Plants are coming up (i.e., in the spring). See: grow. salule things that grow on the land; grass. rt.: al plants grow; suffix: ule land. neule put in the ground. (i.e. planting, etc.) rt.: e put inside; suffix: ule land. sneuletn place where s.t. is put in the ground. (i.e. garden, field, etc.)
plantain plaster
ns rattlesnake plantain. nmmqne, smmqne plantain. pae plastered/cover in something. suffix: ...i covered in.
pae t malt S/he/it is covered in mud. im glue, plaster. See: glue.
plastic plate
nllistn plastic.
qpe, qp plate, dish. qpqpe Plates, dishes (pl.) qpe Little plate. qpqpe (pl.) tiqpe Big plate. qpes his/her plate. inqpe, qnqpe qpees their plate. qeqpe, qnqpemp tip u qp plate broke.
play
memsct play; make ones self playful. memsct S/he/it played. n memsct, memsct es memscti S/he/it is playing. nes memscti, es memscti qs memscti S/he/it is going to play. iqs memscti, qs memscti memscut They played. qe memsct, p memsct es memscuti They are playing. qe es memscti, pes memscti qs memscuti They are going to play. qeqs memscti, pqs memscti memsctn game. suffix: ...tn means of/device. scu playing cards. memsct Play. (comm.) ha u n is mmscut May I go play? es nte qs memscti anwi S/he wants to play with you. mlmast u memscut S/he played all day long. uy memsct Go play.
mlmelstm play with something. mlmelstm S/he played with (s.t.). n lmelstm, mlmelstm es mlmelsti S/he is playing with (s.t.). nes mlmelsti, es mlmelsti qs mlmelsti S/he is going to play with (s.t.). iqs mlmelsti, qs mlmelsti mlmelstm They played with (s.t.). qe mlmelstm, p mlmelstm es mlmelsti They are playing with (s.t.). qe es mlmelsti, pes mlmelsti qs mlmelsti They are going to play with (s.t.). qeqs mlmelsti, pqs mlmelsti mlmelstmsts S/he played with s.t. mlmelstmstn, mlmelstmst es mlmelstmms S/he is playing with s.t. ies mlmelstmm, as mlmelstmm qs mlmelstmms S/he is going to play with s.t. iqs mlmelstmm, aqs mlmelstmm mlmelstmsts They played with s.t. qe mlmelstmstm, mlmelstmstp es mlmelstmms They are playing with s.t. qe es mlmelstmm, es mlmelstmmp qs mlmelstmms They are going to play with s.t. qeqs mlmelstmm, qs mlmelstmmp
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ta qes mlmelstmst Dont you play with it. es mlmelstmms ululims S/he is playing with his/her money. es mlmelsti nosmi sin S/he is playing with the dog food. ta qes mlmelstmst u annuwewltn Dont play with your language.
play ball
plemi playing ball. (i.e., basketball, baseball, football, etc.) es plemi S/he is playing ball. nes plemi, es plemi splemi somebody who plays ball. prefix: s one who does. i splemi Im a ball player. e wis nuqpce m sic ocqe qs plemi When you finish washing the dishes then you can go outside to play ball. n ee nes ntelsi iqs plemi Im hurrying because I want to play ball.
playing cards
scutn, scu playing cards. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
nesi Split (cut the cards). (comm.) See: split. nesnt Split it (you cut the deck). See: split.
please
nsels pleased; have good feelings. rt.: est good; circumfix: nels want, feel. nsels S/he felt pleased. n nsels, nsels es nselsi S/he is feeling pleased. nes nselsi, es nselsi qs nselsi S/he is going to feel pleased. iqs nselsi, qs nselsi nsels They felt pleased. qe nsels, p nsels es nselsi They are feeling pleased. qe es nselsi, pes nselsi qs nselsi They are going to feel pleased. qeqs nselsi, pqs nselsi nselsmis S/he was pleased with s.t./s.o. nselsmn, nselsmnt es nselsms S/he is feeling pleased with s.t./s.o. nes nselsm, es nselsm qs nselsi S/he is going to feel pleased with s.t./s.o. iqs nselsm, qs nselsm nselsmis They felt pleased with s.t./s.o. qe nselsmntm, nselsmntp es nselsms They are feeling pleased wih s.t./s.o. qe es nselsm, es nselsmp qs nselsms They are going to feel pleased with s.t./s.o. qeqs nselsm, qs nselsmp nselsi Be pleased. (comm.) nselsmncn I was pleased with you. qe nselslt S/he was pleased with us
umi An expression of politeness roughly translated to please or excuse me. umi ci i Please pass the sugar. umi te u iqs iu Excuse me, I am going to go threw right here.
plenty pliers plow
yule rich, wealthy. See: rich. imn pliers. lit. something that pinches.
emin pliers. lit. something that bites. lule plow. rt.: il tear; suffix: ule land. lulem S/he plowed. n lulem, lulem es lulei S/he is plowing. nes lulei, es lulei qs lulei S/he is going to plow. iqs lulei, qs lulei luletn plow. suffix: ...tn means of/device. qepm pluck feathers. n qepm t siss I plucked the feathers off the chicken.
pluck
oqep pluck/pull feathers. oqepm S/he/it plucked feathers. n oqepm, oqepm es oqepi S/he/it is plucking feathers. nes oqepi, es oqepi 326
om make bare; peel (i.e., peeling bitterroot, peeling camas, plucking the fuzz off a bird). See: peel.
plug plum plume pocket
ntpep Its plugged inside. circumfix np opening. eeu wild plum, plum. lpe feather plume. snlolw pocket.
qne pocket.
pocket knife oopa pocket knife. point Strs. rt., point.

m S/he pointed. n m, m es i S/he is pointing. nes i, es i qs i S/he is going to point. iqs i, qs i om They pointed. qe m, p m es oi They are pointing. qe es i, pes i qs oi They are going to point. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he pointed at it. n, nt es ms S/he is pointing at it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he is going to point at it. iqs m, aqs m ois They pointed at it. qe ntm, ntp es oms They are pointing at it. qe es m, es mp qs oms They are going to point at it. qeqs m, qs mp ntm S/he was pointed at. o ntm, ntm sm somebody who points (as in stickgame). prefix: s one who does. mn Pointer finger. suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. i Point. (comm.) nt Point at it. (comm.) nt ci sneintn Point at the table. nt u amn anwi Point the flashlight to yourself. es nmmaqs It has points. i nimaqs It has a sharp point. See: sharp.
poison
nilm poison someone. nilis S/he poisoned s.o. niln, nilnt es nilms S/he is poisoning s.o. ies nilm, as nilm qs nilms S/he is going to poison s.o. iqs nilm, aqs nilm nilis S/he poisoned s.o. qe nilntm, nilntp es nilms S/he is poisoning s.o. qe es nilm, es nilmp qs nilms S/he is going to poison s.o. qeqs nilm, qs nilmp nil infect; s/he got poisoned. nilmn, ni poison. suffix: min, mn instrument/tool.
ni poisonous.
poison ivy suaqe poison ivy. poke wep poke an orifice.
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wepntm S/he/it was poked. wep sululmi S/he poked/clean the rifle. us get poke in the eye.
See: eye.
um pierce something with a sharp object. See: stab. o puncture. See: puncture. oim Poke at something. (i.e., pile, fire, etc.) oim S/he poked at s.t. n oim, oim es oii S/he is poking at s.t. nes oii, es oii
poker oimn something used to poke around at something. (i.e., fire poker) polar bear sti pqpue polar bear. pole siimn pole, tipi pole.
q fishing pole. yoll big pole.
police polite
snem somebody who grabs; police. prefix: s one who does.
slim somebody who ties up; police. prefix: s one who does. pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; considerate; not impose. See: self conscious. i i saap The air is dirty, polluted. nmqnet, nmqne Polson. lit. head/top of the water. suffix: et, t liquid.
umi An expression of politeness roughly translated to please or excuse me. See: please.
pollution Polson polygon
es tit square; has flat sides. clstit Pentagon; has five flat sides. nstit Hexagon; has six flat sides. sstit Heptagon; has seven flat sides. henmstit Octagon; has eight flat sides. ntstit Nonagon; has nine flat sides. upnstit Decagon; has ten flat sides. nsile pond, puddle. rt.: si pour/spill; suffix: ule land. ssesi puddle. rt.: si pour/spill. stp bull pine, Ponderosa pine. etn Ponderosa pine sap. sncasqe, sncasq shetland pony. lli playing pool/billiards. lli S/he played pool. n lli, lli es lli S/he is playing pool. nes lli, es lli qs lli S/he is going to play pool. iqs lli, qs lli ha qs is lli Are you going to go play pool? snlli pool table. 328
pond
Ponderosa pine pony pool
pool table
poor
it pitiful, poor. See: pity.
scmsct hardship. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. See: hardship. ymm poor, in need, frustrated.
pop
ni pop, soda, juice, kool-aid. rt.: i sweet; prefix: n inside; suffix: et liquid. nes susti t ni I am drinking pop. u iqs susti t ni Im going to drink pop again. i pop sound. i gun blast. il shooting around.
popcorn
tltps lli popcorn.
stat lali popcorn.
porcupine si porcupine. pork lo pig, bacon, pork, ham. (approximation to French word) post nluletn post. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: ule land; suffix: ...tn means of/device. postage stamp cpmin postage stamp. rt.: capa sticky; suffix: min instrument. postcard sii picture; postcard. Post Creek nm Post Creek. lit. trees growing in circle with small gateway. rt.: im
constriction; circumfix np opening.
post office
snimintn post office, library. rt.: imin go after paper; prefix: sn a place
of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
iqs is imini Im going to go to the post office. sntelmn post office. prefix: sn a place of.
pot
snpustn, snpu cooking pot, boiling pot. rt.: npus boil; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
scqaustn, scqau coffee pot. rt.: caq set down; prefix: sn a place of; affix: us face, fire;
potato
patq potato.
si wild potato; spring beauty flower. sqcn larger Indian potato. scac something thats been roasted. (i.e., a potato, meat, etc.) prefix: sc s.t. thats been s.t. something
done/made/prepared.
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, - Redirection See: related word. to a
potent pound
yoyoot strong. See: strong. tetem pound.
tetemin hammer. em qe nteeistm Were going to beat them up. t i u es eemi ci tisi t spp Big Blanket is pounding the dried meat with a round rock. spp pound dried meat. semt pound in weight. See: heavy.
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pour
npt pour round objects in water. (i.e., berries, rocks, etc.) rt.: pet round things lying
about; suffix: et, t liquid.
es npet It is spawning. suffix: et, t liquid. nptis S/he poured s.t. in the water. nptn, nptnt es nptms S/he is pouring s.t. in the water. ies nptm, as nptm qs nptms S/he is going to pour s.t. in the water. iqs nptm, aqs nptm npetis They poured s.t. in the water. qe nptntm, nptntp es npetms They are pouring s.t. in the water. qe es nptm, es nptmp qs npetms They are going to pour s.t. in the water. qeqs nptm, qs nptmp nptnt Pour s.t. in the water. (comm.) pu spread/pour round things out on a surface of something. (i.e. berries, marbles, etc.) See:
spread.
n npetm t sa I put huckleberries in the water. qusm pour something. qusis S/he/it poured it. qusn, qusnt qusis They poured it. qe qusntm, qusntp em qusnt anyi Youll pour your rotten wood. nat pour/dump something soft into a liquid. (i.e., brains, wet hide, etc.) See: dump. po spill/pour powdered substances. (i.e., salt, sugar, flour, gunpowder, etc.) See: spill. sim spill, pour a liquid. See: spill. lam splash/pour water. (i.e., in a Sweat, etc.) See: splash.
pout i spem You are bitterroot, you are pouting. powder es om Its powder. (i.e., dust, dirt, etc.)
pmin powder. npmin gunpowder. spp pound dried meat. nmmn baking powder.
powder room snmstn powder room. power syoyoot physical strength/power.
prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
sume spiritual/medicine power; guardian/medicine spirit. em qe iintm u qe sume Well paint pictures of our medicine power.
powerful
sisyus smart, clever, to be good at something. See: smart. it u sisyus eil There are lots of smart, powerful medicine men. yapqi gather for celebration; pow-wow. rt.: iap more than one arrived there;
yoyoot strong, powerful. See: strong.
Pow-Wow
qin, qn top.
syapqii celebration; pow-wow. aat u syapqim rare pow-wow, celebration.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word suffix: comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
pr
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practice
aemnct, aemnc practice, drill, train, study. rt.: em get accustomed;
suffix: cut action to the self. See: accustomed.
aemnct S/he/it practiced. n aemnct, aemnct es aemncti S/he/it is practicing. nes aemncti, es aemncti qs aemncti S/he/it is going to practice. iqs aemncti, qs aemncti aemncut They practiced. qe aemnct, p aemnct es aemncuti They are practicing. qe es aemncti, pes aemncti qs aemncuti They are going to practice. qeqs aemncti, pqs aemncti ism my habit, it is my practice. aemnct practice. (comm.) em t ci aemnc I will study harder. es aemncti qs siem S/he is practicing to be a teacher.
prairie
es le meadow. le, Little Prairie (Along the middle fork of the Jocko River).
es nli little opening/meadow.
prairie chicken solu, so prarie chicken; sharp-tailed grouse. prairie chicken dance snsqostn prairie chicken dance. rt.: so prairie chicken; prefix:
sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
es nsqostni S/he is prairie chicken dancing. nes nsqostni, es nsqostni es nsqostni They are prairie chicken dancing. qe es nsqostni, pes nsqostni es qqowisti S/he is prairie chichen dancing. es nqqowistelsi S/he is wanting to prairie chichen dance. ha es yoste snsqostn Do you know how to prarie chicken dance? snalmnctn prairie chicken dance. rt.: al flutter/shake; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
es almncti S/he is prairie chicken dancing. nes almncti, es almncti es almncuti They are prairie chicken dancing. qe es almncti, pes almncti es nalmnstelsi S/he is wanting to prairie chicken dance.
prairie dog
always does.
hehemu prairie dog. lit. the one that barks. suffix: mu the individual who
su prairie dog.
prance pray
mmil prance. es mmili S/he/it is prancing. w pray. wm S/he/it prayed. n wm, wm es wi S/he/it is praying. nes wi, es wi qs wi S/he/it is going to pray. iqs wi, qs wi awm They prayed. qe wm, p wm es awi They are praying. qe es wi, pes wi qs awi They are going to pray. qeqs wi, pqs wi wis S/he/it prayed for s.o./s.t. wn, wnt es wms S/he/it is praying for s.o./s.t. ies wm, as wm qs wms S/he/it is going to pray for s.o./s.t. iqs wm, aqs wm awis They prayed for s.o./s.t. qe wntm, wntp
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es awms They are praying for s.o./s.t. qe es wm, es wmp qs awms They are going to pray for s.o./s.t. qeqs wm, qs wmp snwmn Place to pray. oomu prayful one. suffix: mu the individual who always does. wntm It was prayed for. wtm S/he/it was prayed for. wple pray for/over something; to bless. See: bless. nwcnm say prayers for someone that is incapable of saying prayers/ to pray in a way that someone else would pray. es nwcnms S/he is saying prayers for s.o. ies nwcnm, as nwcnm nwcnmn I said prayers for you. em wm S/he will pray. em n wm, em wm em awm They will pray. em qe wm, em p wm em qs wms S/he/it will be praying for s.o./s.t. em iqes wm, em aqes wm em qs awms They will be praying for s.o./s.t. em qe qs wm, em qs wmp u qeqs wi Lets pray. em qe wis wm m sic qe ein We will finish praying, and then we will eat. onct give offerings/pray. es oncti S/he is praying. nes oncti, es oncti es oncuti They are praying. qe es oncti, pes oncti onumt S/he offered. nonctmis S/he offered it. nonctmn, nonctmnt noncutmis They offered it. qe nonctmntm, nonctmntp nonctmntm It was offered. nonctn thing or place to pray to. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nonctis Her/his thing or place to pray to. snonctn place of offering/prayer (i.e. the Medicine Tree; a special place in mountains; a place you get your nyopiyewtn/strength). prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. smancut words to get rid of evil/bad feelings/sickness. (i.e., prayer.) See: rid.
prayer nwmn prayer. preach ltu preach. predator eyeieyu bad animal; predator. preen tucmi preen/clean self.
es tucmisti S/he/it is preening ones self. nes tucmisti, es tucmisti
pregnant
baby..
es yumi She is pregnant. (after belly is showing.) s.t. something ntet She is pregnant; she has a baby inside. rt.: ntu place inside; suffix: et, t child, (s.t.) something implied ntee She has a baby inside. rt.: ntu place inside; suffix: ee inside the body.
present
si something given; a present. See: give.
sppn present to soothe/soften a bad relationship. See: give. ti tear a covering/wrapping off (i.e., a wrapping off a present, etc.). See: open up.
president
amtqn sit on top; Creator/God/president. 332
press
es em press. , es , e dent.
e press/ iron clothes. a press something. ais S/he/it pressed s.t. an, ant es a It is pressed. ai Press. (comm.) ant snemutn You pressed the chair.
pressure
ta o qes lst Dont bug me, dont push me!
im put violent pressure on something. qe es imels controlling, getting the best of us.
pretty prevent
swinumt, swinu beautiful; pretty/hansome. emtupsm keep someone from doing something; to hold someone back. rt.: emut
sit; suffix: ups, ps butt, tail. See: hold back.
mq forbid; prevent. See: forbid. eem keep someone in line; correct behavior; forbid bad behavior; prevent misdeeds; make someone behave. See: discipline.
price, cost snys price. prickly iq prickly.

iqp horse hair rope; bristly/rough rope. iqqnp prickly juniper. rt.: iq Prickly; suffix: ep, p tree; floor.
prickly pear cactus syene cactus; prickly pear cactus. priest ylqs priest. rt.: y black; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. princess pine sllpu princess pine. printer sniimintn printer, copier. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. prison snlmin prison. rt.: li tied up. prisoner snn kidnapped prisoner.
scnlo something that is put inside. (i.e., a prisoner) prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
probably
imi absolutely; for sure; of course; Its obvious. a imi probably; I bet. a imi u ta es miste I bet you dont know it. imi lut Of course its far. imi u ta miste Of course you dont know it.
promise
o promise. es oitms S/he is promising. ies oitm, as oitm qs oitms S/he is going to promise. iqs oitm, aqs oitm es oitms They are promising. qe es oitm, es oitmp qs oitms They are going to promise. qeqs oitm, qs oitmp em qs oitms S/he will be promising. em iqes oitm, em aqes oitm em qs oitms They will be promising. em qeqs oitm, em es oitmp
s.t. something (s.t.) something es s.o. implied someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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es otwei They are promising each other. qe es otwei, pes otwei ies oitm I am promising you.
prong horn stan antelope; prong horn. propose nsewcnmist propose marriage to someone.
nswcnmistm S/he proposed (to s.o).. n nswcnmistm, nswcnmistm es nswcnmisti S/he is proposing (to s.o.). nes nswcnmisti, es nswcnmisti qs nswcnmisti S/he is proposing (to s.o.). iqs nswcnmisti, qs nswcnmisti nswcnmistmis S/he proposed to s.o. nswcnmistmn, nswcnmistmtn es nswcnmistms S/he is proposing to s.o. ies nswcnmistm, as nswcnmistm qs nswcnmistms S/he is going to propose to s.o. iqs nswcnmistm, aqs nswcnmistm es nsewcnmlsi S/he is wanting to propose (to s.o.). nsewcnmlsi hoy, iqs is nswcnmi Okay, Ill go propose. ta, tam oy u es nswcnmi u es cuyms, tam oy No, Its not me hes come proposing to hes come for her, not me. ta es cuy put u nes nswcnmi Shes not coming now that Im proposing. m cnu u es nswcnmisti u sqltmi man comes in and proposes. ncucnmist ask the parents to marry their daughter/son. es ncucnmistms S/he is asking (parents) to marry their daughter/son. nes ncucnmisti t ppots Im asking the parents to marry their daughter/son. nes nsewcnmlsi, es
protect
qim protect. qiis S/he/it protected s.o./s.t. qin, qint qiis They protected s.o./s.t. qe qintm, qintp qnctn protecter. suffix: ...tn means of/device. qintm S/he/it was protected. qilt Protect s.o. (comm.) em t cni m qe qils S/he will protect us. qe qilt Protect us.
hemm defend someone; to stick up for someone; to protect someone. es hemmi S/he is sticking up for (s.o.). nes hemmi, es hemmi im guard; take care of; keep. See: guard.
protrude proud
i something protruding; sticks out. i i It is sticking out. nscti proud. nsct S/he was being proud. n nsct, nsct es nscti S/he is being proud. nes nscti, es nscti qs nscti S/he is going to be proud. iqs nscti, qs nscti
tlctist proud of ones accomplishments. tlctist S/he was proud of his/her accomplishments. n tlctist, tlctist es tlctisti S/he is proud of his/her accomplishments. nes tlctisti, es tlctisti qs tlctisti S/he is going to be proud of his/her accomplishments. iqs tlctisti, qs tlctisti ime tlctist Be proud of your accomplishments.
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tisct proud. rt.: tunt big; suffix: cut action to the self. tnels proud. rt.: tunt big; circumfix: nels want, feel. tnelsi ncini Be proud, speak loud. (comm.)
provide etm feed someone/something. See: feed. pry naels always busy, snoopy, nosy, prying. See: business.
utent pry something up. went pry something off.
prune
i prunes.
pu
pubic hair pot pubic hair. puberty es me boy/girl going through puberty; at the age of puddle ssesi puddle. rt.: si pour/spill;
awae puddle. rt.: awa mud; suffix: ule land. See: mud. snsile pond, puddle. rt.: si pour/spill; suffix: ule land. See: pond. puberty.
Pueblo lle Pueblo people. puff pim take a puff of smoke such as from a cigarette.
pim S/he took a puff. n pim, pim es pmi S/he is taking a puff. nes pmi, es pmi qs pmi S/he is going to take a puff. iqs pmi, qs pmi ppim S/he took several puffs.
puffball sit puffball. pull cum pull. (Caution must be exercised when using this word as it has the connotation of rape.
rape is pull in Salish.)
To
cum S/he pulled. n cum, cum cntes S/he pulled s.t./s.o. cnten, cnte es cums S/he is pulling s.t./s.o. ies cums, as cums qs cums S/he is going to pull s.t./s.o. iqs cums, aqs cums cntem S/he/it got pulled.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied cnuis S/he finally pulled s.t. cnun, cnunt s.o. someone o cit Pull it for me. o cut Pull that for me. caqten I pulled it on the road P.l. Pluralword R.t. Root for him. comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively snmoletn pulled out of the ground. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to min hook for pulling or catching. a related word.
cunt Pull it. (comm.)
pull out
cqntn I set it down; I pulled it out.
lqpescu tweezers. 335
pump
npew pump up. npewmn pump.
pumpkin sqaliqn pumpkin. pumpkin bread sqaliqn snpu pumpkin bread. punch cum punch with fist.
cuis S/he punched s.o./s.t. cun, cunt cuis They punched s.o./s.t. qe cuntm, cuntp cuwntes S/he punched s.t./s.o. cuwnten, cuwnte cuwntes They punched s.t./s.o. qe cuwntem, cuwntep cuncin I hit you. cuncinm punch someone in the chin. cuncis S/he punched s.o.s chin. cuncin, cuncint es cuncinms S/he is punching s.os chin. ies cuncinm, as cuncinm qs cuncinms S/he is going to punch s.o.s chin. iqs cuncinm, aqs cuncinm cuncis They punched s.o.s chin. qe cuncintm, cuncintp es cuncinms They are punching s.o.s chin. qe es cuncinm, es cuncinmp qs cuncinms They are going to punch s.o.s chin. qeqs cuncinm, qs cuncinmp ncuqsm punch someone in the nose. ncuqsis S/he punched s.o.s nose. ncuqsn, ncuqsnt es ncuqsms S/he is punching s.o.s nose. ies ncuqsm, as ncuqsm qs ncuqsms S/he is going to punch s.o.s nose. iqs ncuqsm, aqs ncuqsm ncuaqsis They punched s.o.s nose. qe ncuqsntm, ncuqsntp es ncuaqsms They are punching s.o.s nose. qe es ncuqsm, es ncuqsmp qs ncuaqsms They are going to punch s.o.s nose. qeqs ncuqsm, qs ncuqsmp sncuqsm somebody who punches in the nose. ncuqsnt Punch s.o. in the nose. (comm.) ncusm punch someone in the eye. ncusis S/he punched s.o. in the eye. ncusn, ncusnt es ncusms S/he is punching s.o. in the eye. ies ncusm, as ncusm qs ncusms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the eye. iqs ncusm, aqs ncusm ncusnt Punch s.o. in the nose. (comm.) capqnm punch someone in the head. capqis S/he punched s.o.s head. capqn, capqnt es capqnms S/he is punching s.o.s head. ies capqnm, as capqnm qs capqnms S/he is going to punch s.o.s head. iqs capqnm, aqs capqnm capqis They punched s.o.s head. qe capqntm, capqntp es capqnms They are punching s.o.s head. qe es capqnm, es capqnmp qs capqnms They are going to punch s.o.s head. qeqs capqnm, qs capqnmp
capqnm punch someone in the back of the head. capqis S/he punched the back of s.o.s head. capqn, capqnt es capqnms S/he is punching the back of s.o.s head. ies capqnm, capqnm qs capqnms S/he is going to punch the back of s.o.s head. iqs capqnm, aqs capqnm capqis They punched the back of s.o.s head. qe capqntm, capqntp
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, as See: - Redirection to a related word.
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es capqnms They are punching the back of s.o.s head. qe es capqnm, es capqnmp qs capqnms They are going to punch the back of s.o.s head. qeqs capqnm, qs capqnmp nwenem punch someone in the ear. nweneis S/he punched s.o.s ear. nwenen, nwenent es nwenems S/he is punching s.o.s ear. ies nwenem, as nwenem qs nwenems S/he is going to punch s.o.s ear. iqs nwenem, aqs nwenem nweneis They punched s.o.s ear. qe nwenentm, nwenentp es nwenems They are punching s.o.s ear. qe es nwenem, es nwenemp qs nwenems They are going to punch s.o.s ear. qeqs nwenem, qs nwenemp cwanm punch someone in the arm. cwais S/he punched s.o. in the arm. cwan, cwant es cwanms S/he is punching s.o. in the arm. ies cwanm, as cwanm qs cwanms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the arm. iqs cwanm, aqs cwanm cwais They punched s.o. in the arm. qe cwantm, cwantp es cwanms They are punching s.o. in the arm. qe es cwanm, es cwanmp qs cwanms They are going to punch s.o. in the arm. qeqs cwanm, qs cwanmp cunct punch ones self. cunct S/he hit his/her self. n cunct, cunct es cuncti S/he is hitting his/her self. nes cuncti, es cuncti qs cuncti S/he is going to hit his/her self. iqs cuncti, qs cuncti noqsm punch someone in the nose. noqsis S/he punched s.o. in the nose. noqsn, noqsnt es noqsms S/he is punching s.o. in the nose. ies noqsm, as noqsm qs noqsms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the nose. iqs noqsm, aqs noqsm noqsis They punched s.o. in the nose. qe noqsntm, noqsntp es noqsms They are punching s.o. in the nose. qe es noqsm, es noqsmp qs noqsms They are going to punch s.o. in the nose. qeqs noqsm, qs noqsmp nosm punch someone in the eye. nosis S/he punched s.o. in the eye. nosn, nosnt es nosms S/he is punching s.o. in the eye. ies nosm, as nosm qs nosms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the eye. iqs nosm, aqs nosm nosis They punched s.o. in the eye. qe nosntm, nosntp es nosms They are punching s.o. in the eye. qe es nosm, es nosmp qs nosms They are going to punch s.o. in the eye. qeqs nosm, qs nosmp noposqnm punch someone in the mouth. noposqis S/he punched s.o. in the mouth. noposqn, noposqnt es noposqnms S/he is punching s.o. in the mouth. ies noposqnm, as noposqnm s.t. something qs noposqnms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the mouth. iqs noposqnm, aqs (s.t.) something implied noposqnm s.o. someone noposqis They punched s.o. in the mouth. qe noposqntm, noposqntp P.l. Plural es noposqnms They are punching s.o. in the mouth. qe es noposqnm, es R.t. Root word comm. Command noposqnmp Lit. Literally Figuratively qs noposqnms They are going to punch s.o. in the mouth. qeqs noposqnm, qs Fig. That is, i.e., noposqnmp See: - Redirection to nososm punch someone in the face. ososis S/he punched s.o. in the face. nososn, nososnt es nososms S/he is punching s.o. in the face. ies nososm, as nososm
a related word.
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qs nososms S/he is going to punch s.o. in the face. iqs nososm, aqs nososm nososis They punched s.o. in the face. qe nososntm, nososntp es nososms They are punching s.o. in the face. qe es nososm, es nososmp qs nososms They are going to punch s.o. in the face. qeqs nososm, qs nososmp
puncture punish
o puncture. rt.: hole. ntem S/he/it was punctured. tteplem punish. rt.: to straight; suffix: eple permanence.
im spank. See: spank. si whip; to hit someone all over. rt.: sim Strick w/ object; suffix: i covered in. See:
whip.
yst revenge, got even. See: revenge.
pup, puppy pure purple purr
siiime, siii pup, little dog.
nnqci puppy. si pure.
u deep purple; dark blood. u (pl.) i u It is purple, dark. nllpcin cats purr. rt.: all flutter/shake; suffix: cin mouth, words, food. See: shake. es nllpcini It is purring. aene purse.
purse pus push
snululimtn coin purse; bank. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. mot pus. up push, shove. upis S/he pushed s.o./s.t. upn, upnt es upms S/he is pushing s.o./s.t. ies upm, as upm qs upms S/he is going to push s.o./s.t. iqs upm, aqs upm upis They pushed s.o./s.t. qe upntm, upntp es upms They are pushing s.o./s.t. qe es upm, es upmp qs upms They are going to push s.o./s.t. qeqs upm, qs upmp utm S/he/it was pushed. upi Push. (comm.) upnt Push it. (comm.) es upnwei They are pushing each other. qe es upnwei, pes upnwei
ta o qes upst Dont push me! upis u snsis u tu My cousin pushed (s.t.) something implied him down. o upis S/he pushed me. t swe u o upis Who pushed me? s.o. someone nim push off with one foot/leg. nim S/he pushed off. n nim, nim nim push off repeatedly with one foot/leg. ta o qes elst Dont bug me, dont push me. nes yami I am inciting to evil.
s.t. something
a related word.
pussy willow
siii pussy willow. 338
put
tu put/place something down. (i.e, an object, bet, wager). See: place. qmin place things down; to lay things down; to put things down. See: place. npt put/pour round objects in water. See: pour. sil put more than one object. sliwi All of you set the table. (comm.) nqetm stack/put it in the water. rt.: qem stack. nqetis S/he put it in the water. nqetn, nqetnt es nqetms S/he is putting it in the water. ies nqetm, as nqetm qs nqetms S/he is going to put it in the water. iqs nqetm, aqs nqetm nqtnt sw You put it in the water. en I put it against heat. See: heat. e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert.
put away
elm store away; put away; to save. elis S/he put s.t. away. eln, elnt es elms S/he is putting s.t. away. ies elm, as elm qs elms S/he is going to put s.t. away. iqs elm, aqs elm elis They put s.t. away. qe elntm, elntp es elms They are putting s.t. away. qe es elm, es elmp qs elms They are going to put s.t. away. qeqs elm, qs elmp elent Put it away. (comm.) sellsct souvenir. selmn keep sake, memorial gift.
put down put-in put-on put out
caq set down. See: set.
in long objects lying down. See: lay. e put/placed inside something; inserted between. See: insert. qmin place things down; lay things down; put things down. See: place.
cnumt Put your clothes on. (comm.) See: clothes. eps extinguish a fire; turn off a light or electrical appliance. See: put out. epsis S/he/it turned it off. epsn, epsnt es epsms S/he/it is turning it off. ies epsm, as epsm qs epsms S/he/it is going to turn it off. iqs epsm, aqs epsm epsis They turned it off. qe epsntm, epsntp epsnt turn it off. (comm.) epsncut extinguish ones self; turn ones self off. epsnt ci sn turn off the light.
puzzled
slip get puzzled. See: confuse.
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Q
Qeyqeyshi qeyqeyi mans name. Q-tip npe ear tickler, ear scratcher (was the tip of a feather). quaking aspen mmtp, mmt quaking aspen. quarrel scnmnwist, scnmnw quarrel; to say bad words to each other. prefix: s
bad; infix cin action of the mouth; suffix: we action to each other.
scnmnwist They quarreled. qe scnmnwist, p scnmnwist es scnmnwisti They are quarreling. qe es scnmnwisti, pes scnmnwisti qs scnmnwisti Theyre going to quarrel. qeqs scnmnwisti, pqs scnmnwisti
quarter ate quarter. question ha puti ep esutu Do you still have any questions? quick im anxious, in a hurry. See: hurry.
est, e hurry. See: hurry.
quiet
qmqml person who is very quiet, reserved. qmqemt S/he is at peace/content. See: calm.
up quiet. upstes S/he/it made s.o. quit talking. upsten, upste upstes They made s.o. quit talking. qe upstem, upstep upmists S/he/it quit talking to s.o. upmistn, upmist upmists They quit talking to s.o. qe upmistm, upmistp ups Be quiet. (comm.) upwi All of you be quiet. (comm.) ucn up Be quiet. upcin quiet the talk. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. ewep shut up all of a sudden. up es iti Be quiet s/he/it is sleeping. ta qes upmist u assilt Dont stop talking to your children. hoy upcincn I quit talking to you. ucn not say anything. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. ucn Dont say anything. (comm.) hoycn quit talking. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth. hoycn Quit talking. (comm.)
quilt quit
snomi comforter; quilt (stuffed blanket; thick blanket). sai quilt (peices sewn together). hoy quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, cease. hoyho S/he/it finished. n hoyho, hoyho hoyho They finished. qe hoyho, p hoyho
340
hoym S/he/it quit/finished. n hoym, hoym hoysts S/he/it quit s.t./s.o. hoystn, hoyst es hoyms S/he/it is quiting s.t./s.o. ies hoym, as hoym qs hoyms S/he/it is going to quit s.t./s.o. iqs hoym, aqs hoym hoysts They quit s.t. /s.o. qe hoystm, hoystp es hoyms They are quiting s.t./s.o. qe es hoym, es hoymp qs hoyms They are going to quit s.t./s.o. qeqs hoym, qs hoymp hoys Quit, leave s.o./s.t. alone. (comm.) hoywi All of you quit. (comm.) hoystm It was ended. hoycn say this to a baby when its crying. islup n hoyho At any moment I will finish. ta qes hoystn I will never quit. ta qe qes hoystm We must never quit. t tl u we qe es olils u yt u hoysts Teresa really was helping us, but she got tired and quit. ehoy Stop, that is all. um Figuratively, quit or give up; literally, fart.
quitter quiver
shym someone who quits. prefix: s one who does.
m quiver; glimpse of something disappearing. mmt quaking aspen.
siw quiver. es iwsti S/he is quivering. nes iwsti, es iwsti iwims Shake it. (comm.) iwims anlel Shake your hands. all flutter/shake. See: shake.
quiver for arrows
snt quiver.
R
rabbit
wisln, wisln cottontail. ususiln bunny, small rabbit, small cottontail.
s rabbit. sae little or young rabbit. sa scl roasted rabbit. tisi ssts Big Blankets rabbit.
raccoon mhuye raccoon. race ii race.

ii S/he raced. n ii, ii es ii S/he is racing. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to race. iqs ii, qs ii iio They raced. qe ii, p ii
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es iio They are racing. qe es ii, pes ii qs iio They are going to race. qeqs ii, pqs ii es ii Each one of them are racing. qe es i, pes i siio horse race. sniio place of racing; racetrack, course. qe es iio qe es eini We were each racing, we were eating.
race horse snii race horse. racer npe green racer, blue racer, black racer. rack sn drying rack.
sncqe rack to smoke and dry meat. rt.: cqe dry/smoke meat; prefix: sn a place of. cqmin Truck rack. rt.: caq set down; prefix: surface.
radio raft
a radio, harp, guitar, stereo, anything that makes music. asts His/hers radio, etc. swl wooden raft. slw raft. ssi raggy cloth. suffix: i covered in.
raggy
ipt gnawed by bugs. (i.e; dried meat or woolen clothes, bugs got into them) See: gnaw. iqt shred. See: shred. niqps torn/raggy pants. es il Its ripped/tore. See: rip.
raid
eyl go on a raid of the enemy. eyl S/he raided. n eyl, eyl es eyli S/he is raiding. nes eyli, es eyli qs eyli S/he is going to raid. iqs eyli, qs eyli eyil They raided. qe eyl, p eyl es eyili They are raiding. qe es eyli, pes eyli qs eyili They are going to raid. qeqs eyli, pqs eyli eylmis S/he raided the enemy. eylmn, eylmnt es eylmms S/he is raiding the enemy. ies eylmm, as eylmm qs eylmms S/he is going to raid the enemy. iqs eylmm, aqs eylmm eyilmis They raided the enemy. qe eylmntm, eylmntp es eyilmms They are raiding the enemy. qe es eylmm, es eylmmp qs eyilmms They are going to raid the enemy. qeqs eylmm, qs eylmmp seyl somebody who raids; a warrior.
railroad tracks railroad cars

of/device.
lla suytis railroad tracks. ial suytis railroad tracks. llltn, ll train, locomotive, railroad cars. suffix: ...tn
rain
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively means i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
sipys rain. ipys It rained. es ipysi Its raining. 342
qs ipeysi Its going to rain. es ipysi o Its raining outside. a em ipys Maybe itll rain; if it rains. es ipeysi ci esmo Its raining in/on that mountain. ei qs ipeysi It looks like it is going to rain. tipys It rained a little. es tipysi It is raining a little. qs tipysi Its going to rain a little. ys It rained hard/a lot. es ysi It is raining/snowing hard/a lot. qs ysi Its going to rain hard/a lot. es ysi It is drizzling; one drop is falling here and there. es pnco Its raining slush. (rain mixed with snow) See: slush. es opii It is sleeting.
rainbow
sumiwtn rainbow.
sulun sun dogs, sun flares, rainbow around sun or moon. es ulun It is the sun dogs. (sun flares, rainbow around sun or moon)
rainbow trout pis trout, rainbow trout. raincoat silqs raincoat; glossy coat. rt.: i glossy; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. raise nwisl go up; to raise. rt.: nwist up, up high.
nwislis S/he raised s.t. up. nwisln, nwislnt es nwislms S/he is raising s.t. up. ies nwislm, as nwislm qs nwislms S/he is going to raise s.t. up. iqs nwislm, aqs nwislm nwislis They raised s.t. up. qe nwislntm, nwislntp es nwislms They are raising s.t. up. qe es nwislm, es nwislmp qs nwislms They are going to raise s.t. up. qeqs nwislm, qs nwislmp nwislnt Raise it up. (comm.) nwisli Go up. (comm.) See: up. es nwisli S/he is going up. See: up. nwislnt asuwan Raise your arm. ccmi family raised (grew up) at a certian place.
raisin rake ram
siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell. uuletn hand rake. rt.: u comb; affix: ule land; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
aamin farm rake. rt.: amim gather; suffix: min instrument.
range rape
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied tamnqnwe, tamnqnwe They bump each others heads together. rt.: te hit/bump s.o. someone P.l. Plural into. R.t. Root word comm. Command es tamnqnwei They are bumping heads together. (The action of bighorn sheep rams.) Lit. Literally Figuratively snsncutn, snsncu place to cook; kitchen, range, cooking stove. prefix: sn a Fig. That is, i.e., place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: - Redirection to a related word.
cum rape/pull. (Rape is viewed as being pulled in Salish.) cum S/he raped. n cum, cum cntes S/he raped s.o. cnten, cnte 343
es cums S/he is raping s.o. ies cums, as cums qs cums S/he is going to rape s.o. iqs cums, aqs cums cntem S/he got raped. cunt Rape him/her. (comm.) o cntem I was raped.
rapid rare
aip go fast, hurry. (on foot, by car, or on horseback) See: fast.
t Fast, rapid. See: fast. tam tm rare, not often.
at rare, thinly scattered. aat u esapqinm rare pow-wow, celebration. hehet rarely, when it used to be common. hehet te u qe uwewl We rarely talk anymore. te u tnu once in awhile. alwi shows up once in awhile. See: infrequent. acin spoke up (once in a while).
rare
iu rare, raw. es iu Its raw, rare (not fully cooked). lc red raspberry.
raspberry rat
mcu black raspberry, blackcap. ht pack rat. sp Hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. e rather; supposed to be.
rather
e oye Its supposed to be me. e qe es elini tam qe es memscuti Were supposed to be eating not playing. e qeqs uyi sntumi Were supposed to be going to the store. e sewne Youre suppose to hear.
ration rattle
scpmi something that is pass out. (i.e., rations, per capita, commodities, pay day) prefix: sc s, rattle.
s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
a rattle. a hoof rattle.
rattlesnake eule rattlesnake. rattlesnake plantain ns rattlesnake plantain. Ravalli sle, s Ravalli. lit. getting back to the water.
e le S/he go back to the water again.
raven ml raven. ravine est ravine, draw. raw iu rare, raw.
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es iu Its raw, rare (not fully cooked).
rawhide
qll rawhide.
tt pelt, hide. s basket made of bark; rawhide bucket. See: basket. i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it. See: pattern.
rawhide bag
snu .
i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag.
razor
stn razor. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
amsncu razor, shaver.
razor bill lai merganser, razor bill. reach lst reach for something. read aimi read; to look at paper. rt.: ac look; imi write.
es aimi S/he is reading. nes aimi, es aimi qs aimi S/he is going to read. iqs aimi, qs aimi aimist Read. (comm.) awawm say words out loud; to read out loud. See: say. awawm S/he read out loud. n awawm, awawm es awawi S/he is reading out loud. nes awawi, es awawi qs awawi S/he is going to rea out loud. iqs awawi, qs awawi
ready
es wi ready, complete. ta nes wi Im not ready.
iq Ready, ripe. e iq u asqet Then your meat is ready. e iq m ent When its ready, you strain it. e ready. ha e Are you ready? ha e ocqe Did S/he go outside. ha e oma Are you almost ready. tam i t ec u qe es cnumt We werent dressed warm. cmnct, cmncu get ones self dressed/ready. See: dress. ue Done/finished/ready. u Not yet (answer to question are you ready). u nes ue Im still not done/finished/ ready.
real
un, un real, true, yes. u u ei un Thats how it really was. tam un False. ha es unisti Are you telling the truth? nun believe. See: believe.
really
napa the end of; indicating to the extreme. 345
napa ammt Really excellent! es selm napa es npiyelsi Those two are really happy. napa a te u lil sqeli Death can be very painful.
receive recent
ti acquire something; to get, receive something; to gather. See: acquire.
t sle recently; not too long ago. t spiste u unt t sle When did you do it? Recently. su know; recognize; acquainted with. See: know. suis S/he/it recognized it. sun, sunt es sums S/he/it recognizes it. ies sum, as sum qs sums S/he/it is going to recognizes it. iqs sum, aqs sum suis They recognized it. qe suntm, suntp es sums S/he/it recognizes it. qe es sum, es sump qs suums S/he/it is going to recognizes it. qeqs sum, qs sump lom record. es loms S/he is recording s.t. ies lom, as lom qs loms S/he is going to record s.t. iqs lom, aqs lom sclo something thats been put onto; a recording. lomintn something to put onto; recording tape. suffix: ...tn means of/device. syal lomintn round recording device; compact disc (cd). suffix: ...tn means of/device.
sic New; right then; right now; recent. See: new.
recognize
record
recreation
emist relax (loosen yourself); do what you want; pass time; recreate. nes emisti Im passing time; relaxing; doing what I want. snemistn place to relax, recreate; a recreation area. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
nemistn certain place to relax, recreate, do what you want (i.e. fishing hole, some place in the mountains, your shop, etc.). suffix: ...tn means of/device.
recreational entertainment e recreational entertainment. recreational vehicle esiwis cit RV, recreational vehicle; lit. moving house. rectangle i wisn tit rectangle; a long square. red il Red. lil reds. (pl.)
nil wine. lit. red liquid. nilqs red nose. ll red-headed woodpecker. ilil u isnn My socks are red. em red paint. yumn red ochre, red paint.
red besseya eu red besseya, kitten tails. red birch siqp red birch, western birch. red crossbill ayayusqs, ayayus red crossbill. red fox aa fox. redhead saqin. ilqn redhead.
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red-head woodpecker
ll red-head woodpecker.
spwqn pileated woodpecker, red-headed woodpecker.
red-hot bright; the red-hot glow of s.t. heated. See: hot. red oshier dogwood stec, sttc dogwood; red oshier dogwood. red paint em red paint.
yumn red ochre, red paint.
red raspberry lac raspberry. red salmon smi, smi salmon. red-shafted flicker ll red-shafted flicker, common flicker, northern flicker. red-tailed chipmunk yellow pine chipmunk, red-tailed chipmunk. red-winged blackbird i red-winged blackbird. refrigerator snsulmn refrigerator. rt.: sult freeze. refuse u refuse, stingy.
eue stingy. emin refuse. emis S/he/it refused it. emn, emnt emn u e I refused that. es nllmi S/he is refusing. rt.: nel afraid.
regret reins
ct blaming ones self, regret. es cti S/he is regreting. nes cti, es cti ntmsqetn reins. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
plasqe rein a horse. es plasqei S/he is reining the horse. nes plasqei, es plasqei ntnmusqe hold the reins tight. es ntnmusqei S/he is holding reins tight. nes ntnmusqei, es ntnmusqei
reject
em detest/reject/snub something. See: detest.
tamsts S/he didnt accept it. See: accept. aiem hate. See: hate.
relative
stlis relative. stmlis relatives. e stlis close relative. em qe imsqe astlis We will visit your relative.
snes distant relative.
relax
emist relax; do what one wants; pass time; recreate. emist S/he relaxed. n emist, emist es emisti S/he is relaxing. nes emisti, es emisti qs emisti S/he is going to relax. iqs emisti, qs emisti
347
emist They relaxed. qe emist, p emist es emisti They are relaxing. qe es emisti, pes emisti qs emisti They are going to relax. qeqs emisti, pqs emisti snemistn place to relax/pass time; recreation area. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
nemistn specific place to relax, recreate, do what you want (i.e. fishing hole, some place in the mountains, your shop, etc.). suffix: ...tn means of/device. nes emisti iqs npiyelsi I am relaxing so I can be happy. els, e rest; relax; take a break. See: calm es elsi S/he is resting. nes elsi, es elsi qs elsi S/he is going to rest. iqs elsi, qs elsi es elsi They are resting. nes elsi, es elsi qs elsi They are going to rest. iqs elsi, qs elsi elsi Rest; take a break. (comm.) em a m a esel sac qeqs lsi Then well rest for maybe two weeks. a mi u te u tnu e els It seems you only rest once in a while. u relaxed/safe/secure; have no worries; have no cares. See: secure. qnct, qnc relax ones self; to make ones self have no cares; to have no worries. qnct S/he relaxed. n qnct, qnct es qncti S/he is relaxing. nes qncti, es qncti qs qncti S/he is going to relax. iqs qncti, qs qncti qncut They relaxed. qe qnct, p qnct es qncuti They are relaxing. qe es qncti, pes qncti qs qncuti They are going to relax. qeqs qncti, pqs qncti nqimls calm; content; relaxed. See: calm. hm loosen something. (i.e., knot, jar lid, tense person, etc.) See: loose.
release
pstm release something from the hand. rt.: pim release from; suffix: est hand. pstm S/he let go. n pstm, pstm es psti S/he is letting go. nes psti, es psti qs psti S/he is going to let go. iqs psti, qs psti pestm They let go. qe pstm, p pstm es pesti They are letting go. qe es psti, pes psti qs pesti They are going to let go. iqs psti, pqs psti pstmis S/he let go of s.t./s.o. pstmn, pstmnt es pstms S/he is letting go of s.t./s.o. ies pstm, as pstm qs pstms S/he is going to let go of s.t./s.o. iqs pstm, aqs pstm pestmis They let go of it. qe pstmntm, pstmntp es pestms They are letting go of s.t./s.o. qe es pstm, es pstmp qs pestms They are going to let go of s.t./s.o. qeqs pstm, qs pstmp pstmnt Let go of it! (comm.) em pstmis S/he/it will let go of it. em pstmn, em pstmnt em pestmis They will let go of it. em qe pstmntm, em pstmntp
pim release; free from something; remove something. pntes S/he/it release it from s.t. pnten, pnte es pims S/he/it is releasing it from s.t. ies pim, as pim qs pims S/he/it is going to release it from s.t. iqs pim, aqs pim
348
pntes They release it from s.t. qe pntem, pntep es pims They are releasing it from s.t. qe es pim, es pimp qs pims They are going to release it from s.t. qeqs pim, qs pimp pntem S/he/it was release from s.t. es pim Its released/removed. pint Remove it, take it off. (comm.) pint anlkepu Take off you coat. (comm.) pip It slipped away/ended. See: slip. pip It came undone. See: undone. npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. See: hat. npim remove a saddle. See: saddle. pusm take a bridle/hackamore/halter off. See: bridle. ppnim remove footwear. See: shoe. npmus the full extent, to the end. See: end.
remember
nmim remember. nmis S/he/it remembered s.t. nmin, nmint es nminms S/he/it is remembering s.t. ies nminm, as nminm qs nminms S/he/it is going to remember s.t. iqs nminm, aqs nminm nmis They remembered s.t. qe nmintm, nmintp es nminms They are remembering s.t. qe es nminm, es nminmp qs nminms They are going to remember s.t. qeqs nminm, qs nminmp es nmists S/he/it is remembering s.t. es nmistn, es nmist qs nmists S/he/it is going to remember s.t. qs nmistn, qs nmist es nmists S/he/it is remembering s.t. es nmistn, es nmist qs nmists S/he/it is going to remember s.t. qs nmistn, qs nmist nmin I remembered things. nsemn someone who always likes to remember. suffix: emn one who always likes to
do.
nnemn someone who always likes to remember. suffix: emn one who always likes to
do.
nes The individual that remembers. nmint Remember it. (comm.) ha e nmint Do you remember it? nmistmn I remembered you. ste u es nmist What do you remember? ha es nmint Do you remember it? ta qs tam nmist You have to remember it. sncut reflect back within ones self; search ones mind. es sncuti S/he is searching his/her mind. nes sncuti, es sncuti
remind
nelsm remind someone. nelsis S/he reminded s.o. nelsn, nelsnt es nelsms S/he is reminding s.o. ies nelsm, as nelsm qs nelsms S/he is going to remind s.o. iqs nelsm, aqs nelsm nelsnt Remind s.o. (comm.) ies nelsm ie neptmnt Im reminding you because you might forget it.
remove
pim release; free from something; remove something. See: release. pint Remove it, take it off. (comm.) 349
pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. See: hat. ppin remove footwear. See: shoe. pencut undress ones self. See: undress. npalqs remove/take off clothes. See: undress. paqsli Remove your clothes. (comm.) See: undress. npit Remove the saddle. (comm.) See: saddle. pusnt Remove the bridle. (comm.) See: bridle.
repeated
ie repeated.
mil always, repeatedly. tmil es emuti es i u mali Mary always sits in that tree.
reservation reserved
sqliule Indian land. sqeli suli reservation, peoples land. n stoic; serious; look mean. See: serious.
yaa shy, reserved. See: shy. es yasq shy, reserved. ies yaaminm I am reserved with him.
respect
putem respect something or somebody. puteis S/he respected s.o./s.t. puten, putent es putems S/he is respecting s.o./s.t. ies putem, as putem qs putems S/he is goingt to respect s.o./s.t. iqs putem, aqs putem puteis They respected s.o./s.t. qe putentm, putentp es putems They are respecting s.o./s.t. qe es putem, es putemp qs putems They are going to respect s.o./s.t. qeqs putem, qs putemp putentm It was respected. scpute sacred; something thats been respected.
done/made/prepared. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
nputlstn something used to respect; sacred. suffix: ...tn means of/device. putent Respect it (comm). ntnelsm think highly of somebody; show respect for somebody; have trust for somebody.
rt.: tunt big; circumfix: nels want, feel.
ntnelsis S/he thought highly of s.o. ntnelsn, ntnelsnt es ntnelsms S/he is thinking highly of s.o. ies ntnelsm, as ntnelsm qs ntnelsms S/he is going to think highly of s.o. iqs ntnelsm, aqs ntnelsm ntnelsis They thought highly of s.o. qe ntnelsn, ntnelsntp es ntnelsms They are thinking highly of s.o. qe es ntnelsm, es ntnelsmp qs ntnelsms They are going to think highly of s.o. qeqs ntnelsm, qs ntnelsmp nes sunumti ye sqltmi es leti u ies ntnelsm Im listening to this man speak; I (s.t.) something implied think highly of him. s.o. someone ime hemtum You should be respectful.
s.t. something
rest
els, e rest; relax; take a break. See: calm. es elsi S/he is resting. nes elsi, es elsi qs elsi S/he is going to rest. iqs elsi, qs elsi es elsi They are resting. nes elsi, es elsi qs elsi They are going to rest. iqs elsi, qs elsi elsi Rest; take a break. (comm.)
a related word.
350
a em esel sac qeqs lsi Then well rest for maybe two weeks. a mi u te u tnu e els It seems you only rest once in a while. u qeqs elsi Okay, lets take a break; Take five; break time.
restaurant restless
sneintn, snei cafe, cafeteria, restaurant. lit. a where many people eat. prefix: lulupin restless; antsy; rearing to go; have cabin fever. lit. to have your feet on
sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: eat.

fire. prefix: under; rt.: ulip burn; suffix: in foot.
lulupin S/he was restless. n lulupin, lulupin es lulupini S/he is restless. nes lulupini, es lulupini qs lulupini S/he is going to be restless. iqs luluspini, qs lulupini
Revais Creek
liquid.
ncwet Revais Creek. lit. tree roots visible near stream. suffix: et, t
revenge revive
yst revenge, got even.
eep revived; came out of it. i eep S/he/it revived; s/he/it came out of it. pispiseep Fox revived Coyote.
ri
rib
stip rib. sttip ribs. (pl.) wnwnwi u sttips Its ribs were showing, sticking out.
ribbon min ribbon. rt.: i line. rice suye ants; rice. rich yule rich, wealthy.
yule S/he is rich. n yule, yule ha p oyule Are you all rich? ha yule Are you rich?
rid
mancut get rid of evil/bad feeling/sickness of ones self. mancut S/he got rid of bad. n mancut, mancut es mancuti S/he is getting rid of bad. nes mancuti, es mancuti qs mancuti S/he is going to get rid of bad. iqs mancuti, qs mancuti mancut They got rid of bad. qe mancut, p mancut es mancuti They are getting rid of bad. qe es mancuti, pes mancuti qs mancuti They are going to get rid of bad. qeqs mancuti, pqs mancuti es mancutmms S/he is getting rid the bad. ies mancutmm, as mancutmm smancut Words to get rid of evil/bad feelings/sickness. (i.e., prayer.)
ride
mtsm, mt ride/straddle something (one person). R.t.: emut sit.; suffix: s

middle, center.
mtsm S/he rode. nes mtsm, es mtsm es mtsi S/he is riding. nes mtsi, es mtsi qs mtsi S/he is going to ride. iqs mtsi, qs mtsi mts snasqes S/he rode his/her horse.
autsm, aut ride/straddle something (several people). R.t.: ayewt sit of several people.;
suffix: s middle, center.
351
autesm They rode. qe autsm, p autsm es autesi They are riding. qe es autsi, pes autsi qs autesi They are going to ride. qeqs autsi, pqs autsi nmes Riding side by side. qqe mount, get on. See: mount. qles, qle mount a horse. See: mount. nali stealing a ride on a train, bus or car. R.t.: na steal.; suffix: l s.t. that rolls.
ridge
sti ridge. nnti dangerous ridge. len hole in side of ridge. mi snow spot on mountain; snowed on the ridge. sti walk on a ridge. sululmi Rifle. tmsct, tmsc make ones self do right. rt.: to straight; suffix: cut action to the
self.
rifle right
tmsct S/he did right. n tmsct, tmsct es tmscti S/he is doing right. nes tmsct, es tmscti qs tmscti S/he is going to do right. iqs tmsct, qs tmscti tmscut They did right. qe tmsct, p tmsct es tmscuti They are doing right. qe es tmsct, pes tmscti qs tmscuti They are going to do right. qeqs tmsct, pqs tmscti tnuis S/he did it right. tnun, tnunt es tnunms S/he is doing it right. ies tnunm, as tnunm qs tnunm S/he is going to do it right. iqs tnunm, aqs tnunm tmsct Straighen yourself up; do right. (comm.) eni ta es tmscuti Youre not doing right. (What you say when you catch somebody doing something wrong. i.e., stealing, drinking) (man says hayo instead of eni) e ta es tmscuti em t If you dont do right you will be in trouble. in u tnunt How many did you get right? ucue Oh thats right. put Just, exactly, even, enough; right then. See: just
right side
schst, sch right hand. schetsn right foot. nes ch Im right handed. ql u schsts Sit at his/her right hand side.
rigid
yomncut, yomncu become rigid; tense. yomncut S/he got rigid. n yomncut, yomncut es yomncuti S/he is rigid. nes yomncuti, es yomncuti qs yomncuti S/he is going to be rigid. iqs yomncuti, qs yomncuti yomnct ughen up; become rigid/tense. (comm.)
ring
nqi band, ring.
liwm ring a bell. 352
liwmsts S/he/it rang the bell. liwmstn, liwmst liwmstm The bell was rung. qe liwmt Our door bell is ringing. sqoqinst ring finger.
ring-necked pheseant usi sis, usuwisn pheseant; ring-necked pheseant. rip ip pull apart something; to rip something.
nts S/he/it ripped it. ntn, nt es pims S/he/it is ripping s.t. ies pim, as pim qs pims S/he/it is going to rip s.t. iqs pim, aqs pim ntes They ripped it. qe ntm, ntp es pims They are ripping s.t. qe es pim, es pimp qs pims They are going to rip s.t. qeqs pim, qs pimp nts S/he/it ripped it to shreds. es il Its ripped/tore. sclet canal. rt.: il tear; suffix: et, t liquid. nts ism t sm The grizzly ripped my blanket to shreds. ip u inpumin My drum is broke (the hide is torn).
ripe
iqm make done; to be ready. See: done. es iyaq Its done. siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell. e iyaq Its already done.
rise
il get up; rise. il S/he/it got up. n il, il es ili S/he/it is getting up. nes ili, es ili qs ili S/he/it is going to get up. iqs ili, qs ili ili They got up. qe il, p il es ili They are getting up. qe es ili, pes ili qs ili They are going to get up. qeqs ili, pqs ili il Rise, get up. (comm.) em i st m qe il In the morning well get up. enwnm t es ili I am aware of something getting up. n qit u n il I woke and got up.
tlmi Unable to rise/get up. n aql u n e tlmist I sat down and couldnt get up. qit wake up. See: wake.
river
ntt, nt river. rt.: to straight; suffix: et, t liquid. ntet little river. suffix: et, t liquid. nqqet little river. suffix: et, t liquid. ste ie nte What is that in the river.
snpset place where the river forms from a lake. nisut the opposite side of the river. st i nisut What is that on the other side of the river?
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river bank river otter roach road
npapan, npapa dirt river bank; dirt cliff. es npapan Its a dirt bank. ltu river otter. sncasqn, snca roach. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: ...s middle, center; suffix:
...qin, ...qn top.
es ncasqn S/he is wearing a roach. nes ncasqn, es ncasqn u road. uue roads. (pl.) st i u What is that on the road? nsaqs good road. prefix: s good. nsaqs bad road. prefix: s bad. ntaqs straight road. rt.: to straight. nunqs long road. rt.: wisn long. ntnaqs big road. rt.: tunt big. nqs, n wide road. rt.: at wide. i noolqs slippery road. rt.: ool slippery. nmaqs dry road. rt.: am dry. nawaqs muddy road. rt.: awa muddy. naqs dirty road; something is on the road. rt.: i dirty. nsaqs hard road; paved road. rt.: as hard. npaqs gravel/dirt road. rt.: pewt poured round objects. npaqs split road. rt.: as hard. niqs run off the road. rt.: it miss a target. niqs S/he ran off the road. n niqs, niqs nisaqm go off the road; to go to the side of the road. nstaqs walk on the road. rt.: ist walk; circumfix: naqs nose, road. See: hitchhike. ntutaqs walk on a road; referring to more than one person. rt.: tuut they walk; circumfix: naqs
nose, road. See: hitchhike.
naqs, nqs circumfix indicating nose or road.
noqs work on a road. rt.: u work. es noqsi S/he is working on the road. nes noqsi, es noqsi qs noqsi S/he is going to work on the road. iqs noqsi, qs noqsi noqtn I made a road for him/her. snoqsm someone who works on the road. prefix: s one who does. npaqs blasted road.
roan roast
laqin strawberry roan.
mqn roan. ac roast something. acm S/he roasted. n acm, acm es aci S/he is roasting. nes aci, es aci qs aci S/he is going to roast. iqs aci, qs aci acm They roasted. qe acm, p acm es aci They are roasting. qe es aci, pes aci qs aci They are going to roast. qeqs aci, pqs aci acis S/he roasted s.t. acn, acnt
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es acms S/he is roasting s.t. ies acm, as acm qs acms S/he is going to roast s.t. iqs acm, aqs acm acis They roasted s.t. qe acntm, acntp es acms They are roasting s.t. qe es acm, es acmp qs acms They are going to roast s.t. qeqs acm, qs acmp scac something thats been roasted. (i.e., a potato, meat, etc.) prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
iqs aci t pataq Im going to roast potatoes. scnl something put in the oven. (i.e., a roast, bread, etc.) prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
snct, sncu cook. See: cook. epm bake in a pit. See: bake.
rob
n steal; to rob. See: steal. nan someone who always steals; a thief. ne steal, rob. nmist, nmi run away; sneak away; leave; escape. See: run.
robin rock
sa robin.
se rock. se rocks. se little rock. tise big rock. qlqes wide rock. isn Sweat rocks. aline yellowstone. esoyqn pile of rocks. esca pile of rocks. se rolling rocks down hill. nes one rock. esles two rocks. eles three rocks. mus four rocks. clstes five rocks. tnstes six rocks. sles seven rocks. henmes eight rocks. tes nine rocks. upnstes ten rocks. upn e nes eleven rocks. noqstes one hundred rocks. es bunch of rocks. naqsm u se different kinds of rocks. es i se striped rock. amim t s tam t nt u t ali You gather rocks, not from the river or from the lake.
sen go after rocks. sen S/he went after rocks. n sen, sen es seni S/he is going after rocks. nes seni, es seni qs seni S/he is going to go after rocks. iqs seni, qs seni qe es seni qe snlaqi We are going after rocks for the Sweat.
rock dove o pigeon. rocky nsem rocky. Rocky Mountain Range

ut Rocky Mountain.
ut Rocky Mountains. 355
Rocky Mountain juniper punp juniper; Rocky Mountain juniper. Rocky Mountain maple sula maple; Rocky Mountain maple. Rocky Mountain oyster mmp testicles; Rocky Mountain oyster. rock slide snccosls rock slide. rock rabbit si pika, rock rabbit. rock worm ni rock worm. rodent ule little animals, rodents. ( Sound/action little animals make/do.)
cuse rodent species.
roe,fish eggs usen fish eggs; roe. roll oll Str. rt., roll.
llm S/he/it rolled. n llm, llm es lli S/he/it is rolling. nes lli, es lli qs lli S/he/it is going to roll. iqs lli, qs lli ollm They rolled. qe llm, p llm es olli They are rolling. qe es lli, pes lli qs olli They are going to roll. qeqs lli, pqs lli llis S/he/it rolled it. lln, llnt es llms S/he/it is rolling it. ies llm, as llm qs llms S/he/it is going to roll it. iqs llm, aqs llm ollis They rolled it. qe llntm, llntp es ollms They are rolling it. qe es llm, es llmp qs ollms They are rolling it. qeqs lm, qs llmp es llli S/he/it is rolling and rolling. nes llli, es llli es lllms S/he/it is rolling and rolling it. ies lllm, as lllm llntm S/he/it was rolled. o llntm, llntm entm S/he/it was rolled over by s.t. o entm, entm llltn, ll railroad cars, train. suffix: ...tn means of/device. ll wagon. llmist Roll over. (comm.) llnt Roll it. (comm.) cllnt Roll it toward me. (comm.) ollt Roll it to somebody. (comm.) yoyosollnt Roll it hard. (comm.) se S/he rolled rocks down hill. n se, se eis S/he rolled over s.t. en, ent t swe u ollis Who rolled it? o collt Roll it to me. ll It overturned. (i.e., a car, etc.) See: cover.
roller skates rolling
nllintn roller skates. suffix: ...tn means of/device. llintn skate board. suffix: ...tn means of/device. es lli S/he/it is rolling. se rolling rocks down hill.
356
llal rolling down a line or log. (i.e., ball rolling on a log).
Rollins Ronan roof room
i Rollins ocqet, ocqe Ronan. lit. the spring water. suffix: et, t liquid. nmqn, nmqn roof. nimee room. suffix: ee the inside of something.
nimee small room. ntihee across the room. ci i nee the other room. ci i nee u es iti S/he/it is sleeping in the other room. snlcitn place of living; home. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
rooster root rope
sqltmsiss rooster. likk rooster. (approximation to French word) sop root. sn canvas/hemp/flax rope.
sii hide/leather rope; lacing. iqp horse hair rope; bristly/rough rope. rt.: iq prickly. qalmute square plaited rope. es site three braided rope. es e flat plaited rope. acqetn buffalo hair rope; 3,4,6,8 braided rope. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aclasqetn picket rope. suffix: ...tn means of/device. acntn hobbling rope. suffix: ...tn means of/device. acmntn rope for catching. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aclpstn rope to put around neck. suffix: ...tn means of/device. acpstn rope to bridle horse in the mouth. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aastn rope to wind around the nozzle. suffix: ...tn means of/device. ttimp feeble rope. nep one rope. eslp two ropes. ep three ropes. musp four ropes. clstep five ropes. nstep six ropes. sep seven ropes. henmp eight ropes. antep nine ropes. upnstep ten ropes. uwp few ropes. ep many ropes. ep wide rope. uwq The rope broke. iqt It tore apart; shreded. See: shred. iyutm rub. si dry meat rope. pusm rope around the neck. suffix: us face, fire. lit. slips over the face. 357
pusis S/he roped it. pusn, pusnt es pusms S/he is roping it. ies pusm, as pusm qs pusms S/he is going to rope it. iqs pusm, aqs pusm pusnt Rope it around the neck. (comm.) tqnten pusn snasq I chased and roped the horse around the neck. epm chew a rope. See: chew.
roper rosary Rose rose rot
sacacim cattle roper; somebody who ties up. prefix: s one who does.
spusm roper. prefix: s one who does. i rosary necklace, string together. useli Rosalie; Rose. wild rose bush.
snqwpups, snqwpu rose hips, wild rose fruit. itu rotted. es itu Its rotten. es itmi Its getting rotten; an expression referring to ones spouse. es nitee The inside is rotten. (i.e., a log, etc.) ititu Things are rotten here and there. nites several things are rotten. n smell rotten; the smell of rotten meat, excrement. See: smell. i n Its smells rotten. i n sqet rotten meat. t tisi u o its t in sqet Big Blanket gave me rotten meat. ha i n Did you mess; are you smelly? ipt gnawed by bugs. (i.e; dried meat or woolen clothes, bugs got into them) See: gnaw.
rough
o rough texture. i o Its rough. snllmnctn round dance. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
i mo Its bumpy.
round dance
of/device.
nllmnctist, llmncu round dance. nllmnct S/he round danced. n nllmnct, nllmnct es nllmncti S/he is round dancing. nes nllmncti, es nllmncti qs nllmncti S/he is going to round dance. iqs nllmncti, qs nllmncti nllmncut They round danced. qe nllmnct, p nllmnct es nllmncuti They are round dancing. qe es nllmncti, pes nllmncti qs nllmncuti They are going to round dance. qeqs nllmncti, pqs nllmncti nlmnct S/he round danced a little. nllmnsemn someone who always likes to round dance. suffix: emn one who always
to do.
nllmnct Round dance. (comm.) nllmnctwi All of you round dance. (comm.)
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally likes Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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es nllmstemisti S/he wants to round dance. nllmstemisti
nes nllmstemisti, es
round object
i yl Its round. See: circle.
ml rounded, balled object. See: ball. lump. See: lump. yult large in girth. (of cylindrical objects.) See: girth. npet put round things in water. See: pour.
round up
amsqe, amsq gather/round up domestic animals/horses. amsqe S/he gathered horses. n amsqe, amsqe es amsqei S/he is gathering horses. nes amsqei, es amsqei qs amsqei S/he is going to gather horses. iqs amsqei, qs amsqei amsqae They gathered horses. qe amsqe, p amsqe es amsqaei They are gathering horses. qe es amsqei, pes amsqei qs amsqaei Theyre going to gather horses. qeqs amsqei, pqs amsqei mi row, line. eslep es mmi second row. mi iuyn row of cars. mi iuyn rows of cars.
row
laap float away in a boat; row. See: float.
ru
rub
yil rub. yilm rub. yilnt sli rub the camas (to remove dirt). yut rub, soften, make supple. is yutms Go rub (the camas). iq rub. mi smear, rub. See: smear. mimn butter. samqn for an animal to rub its antlers on something such as a tree. es samqni It is rubbing its antlers. es sasi It is rubbing its antlers. snsamqntn place where animals rub their antlers. snsastn place where animals rub their antlers. am grind/file on the side of something. See: grind.
rubber
ssu, ssu rubber. rt.: su stretch.
i i Its glossy, rubbery. See: glossy.
rubber boots sin, si rubber boots. rude et, e stuck-up; rude; act better.
lit. glossy feet.

See: stuck-up.
nscut conceited; self-important; ill mannered. See: conceited. 359
rue
pcu meadow rue. pcu licorice root. siss ruffed grouse, chicken. solu, so prarie chicken; sharp-tailed grouse.
ruffed grouse
rufous hummingbird i hummingbird; rufous, black-chinned, calliope. rug pmn rug; carpet. rt.: ep cover; prefix: surface. ruin ulm let something go to waste; not taking advantage of something.
ulis S/he wasted it. uln, ulnt es ulms S/he/it is wasting it. ies ulm, as ulm qs ulms S/he/it is going to waste it. iqs ulm, aqs ulm ulis They wasted, ruined it. qe ulntm, ulntp es ulms They are wasting it. qe es ulm, es ulmp qs ulms They are going to waste it. qeqs ulm, qs ulmp em qs ulms S/he/it will be wasting. em iqs ulm, em aqs ulm em qs ulms They will be wasting. em qeqs ulm, em qs ulmp em ulis S/he/it will waste it. em uln, em ulnt em ulis They will waste it. em qe ulntm, em ulntp uln u sem I wasted, ruined the bitterroot; I let the bitterroot spoil. ellm ruin something; to let waste away. rt.: el abandon; prefix: under. ellm S/he/it wasted away. n ellm, ellm es elli S/he/it is wasting away. nes elli, es elli qs elli S/he/it is going to waste away. iqs elli, qs elli ellm They wasted away. qe ellm, p ellm es elli They are wasting away. qe es elli, pes elli qs elli They are going to wasting away qeqs elli, pqs elli ellis S/he/it wasted it. elln, ellnt es ellms S/he/it is wasting it. ies ellm, as ellm qs ellms S/he/it is going to waste it. iqs ellm, aqs ellm elis They wasted it. qe elntm, elntp es ellms They are wasting it. qe es ellm, es ellmp qs ellms They are going to waste it. qeqs ellm, qs ellmp es lelli S/he is continuously wasting away. nes lelli, es lelli es lellms S/he is wasting things. ies lellm, as lellm elll S/he/it got ruined. ellntm S/he was let to be ruined. llnuis S/he finally wasted it. llnun, llnunt sellm somebody who wastes. prefix: s one who does. llemn someone who always likes to waste. llemn (pl.) suffix: emn one
always likes to do.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural who R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
scell something thats been wasted. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. snellmn place things are ruined or wasted.
elli Waste. (comm.) ells Ruin it. (comm.) ellnt Ruin it. (comm.) es llmnwei Theyre ruining each other. qe es llmnwei, pes llmnwei
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llwisis S/he keeps wasting around s.t. llwisn, llwisnt es nllmelsi S/he is wanting to waste (s.t.). nes nllmelsi, es nllmelsi em llm S/he/it will waste away. em n llm, em llm em ellm They will waste away. em qe lm, em p lm
ruler rules run
sumetn ruler, yard stick, measuring tape. rt.: sume measure; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
sncepletn rules, laws. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: eple permanence ; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
ihe u qesncepletn l e qe memsct Here are our rules for when we play. mntwhi, mntw run. mntwi S/he/it ran. n mntwi, mntwi es mntwi S/he/it is running. nes mntwi, es mntwi qs mntwi S/he/it is going to run. iqs mntwi, qs mntwi mnmntwi They ran. qe mnmntwi, p mnmntwi es mnmntwi They are running. qe es mnmntwi, pes mnmntwi qs mnmntwi They are going to run. qeqs mnmntwi, pqs mnmntwi em mntwi He/it will run. em n mntwi, em mntwi em mnmntwi They will run. em qe mnmntwi, em p mnmntwi mntwihi, mntwi Run. (comm.) wamistm, wami run walk; hurry along; run in a feminine manner. wamistm S/he/it ran. n wamistm, wamistm es wamisti S/he/it is running. nes wamisti, es wamisti qs wamisti S/he/it is going to run. iqs wamisti, qs wamisti wamistm They ran. qe wamistm, p wamistm es wamisti They are running. qe es wamisti, pes wamisti qs wamisti They are going to run. qeqs wamisti, pqs wamisti wamist Run. (comm.) wamistwi All of you run. (comm.) cwamist Run to me. (comm.) em n wamistm I will run. lo run away; get away from. lo S/he/it ran away. n lo, lo es lmi S/he/it is running away. nes lmi, es lmi qs lmi S/he/it is going to run away. iqs lmi, qs lmi lo They ran away. qe lo, p lo es lmi They are running away. qe es lmi, pes lmi qs lmi They are going to run away. qeqs lmi, pqs lmi llo Each one ran away. im run off to the outside of something. nim run into the inside of something. im S/he/it ran off to the outside. n im, im es mi S/he/it is running off to the outside. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he/it is going to run off to the outside. ciqs mi, qs mi im They ran off to the outside. qe im, p im es mi They are running off to the outside. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to run off to the outside. qeqs mi, pqs mi
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em im S/he/it will run outside. em n im, em im em im They will run outside. em qe im, em p im im tisi cit Big Blanket ran out of the house. n im t incit I ran out of my house. es mi tisi cit Big Blanket running out of the house. es nmi tisi cit Big Blanket is running into the house. qcqcl run around leisurely; not doing work. qcqecl S/he ran around. n qcqecl, qcqecl es qcqecli S/he is running around. nes qcqecli, es qcqecli qs qcqecli S/he is going to run around. iqs qcqecli, qs qcqecli qcqecl They ran around. qe qcqecl, p qcqecl es qcqecli They are running around. qe es qcqecli, pes qcqecli qs qcqecli They are going to run around. qeqs qcqecli, pqs qcqecli qicqle Hoop game. ta qes qcqecl Dont run around. nes ntelsi iqs qcqecli I want to run around. ip run away. ip S/he/it ran away. n ip, ip es pmi S/he/it is running away. nes pmi, es pmi qs pmi S/he/it is going to run away. iqs pmi, qs pmi ip They ran away. qe ip, p ip es pmi They are running away. qe es pmi, pes pmi qs pmi They are going to run away. qeqs pmi, pqs pmi em ip S/he/it will run away. em n ip, em ip em ip They will run away. em qe ip, em p ip ip esmm S/he ran away to the mountains. npmels want to run away. circumfix: nels want, feel. npmels S/he wanted to run away. n npmels, npmels es npmelsi S/he is wanting to run away. nes npmelsi, es npmelsi qs npmelsi S/he is going to want to run away. iqs npmelsi, qs npmelsi npmels They wanted to run away. qe npmels, p npmels es npmelsi They are wanting to run away. qe es npmelsi, pes npmelsi qs npmelsi They are going to want to run away. qeqs npmelsi, pqs npmelsi em npmels S/he will want to run away. em n npmels, em npmels em npmels They will want to run away. em qe npmels, em p npmels nmist, nmi run away; sneak away; leave; escape. See: escape. icn happen upon; meet someone; accidental meeting. See: meet. ta run into something (a wall, a tree, etc.). See: bump.
runny nose
nawawpaqs runny nose. rt.: awup drip. nawapaqs S/he/its nose was running. n nawapaqs, nawapaqs es nawapaqsi S/he/its nose is running. nes nawapaqsi, es nawapaqsi qs nawapaqsi S/he/its nose is going to run. iqs nawapaqsi, qs nawapaqsi alip rupture/tear/slit. alip ispus My heart ruptured/slit. es slstwe The animals are mating. See: mate. esilwis cit RV, recreational vehicle; lit. moving house.
rupture rut RV
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S
sack
ple, bag with a handle. suffix: ple permanence. woven sack/bag. See: weave. i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it. See: pattern. ae beaded bag/handbag. rt.: i a it has lines. See: line. ae small beadedbag/handbag teniut, te something on the side to stuff in; pouch on belt. See: side. qepe cornhusk bag. sqtt baby sack. (a wrap for babies)
sacrifice sacred sad
ptumnl, ptumn crucify; pinned to wood. See: pin.
scpute sacred. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. See: respect. nputlstn something used to respect; sacred. suffix: ...tn means of/device. pupusn, pupus sad; mourn; grieve. rt.: spus heart; suffix: ...n within. pupusn S/he got sad. n pupusn, pupusn es pupusni S/he is sad. nes pupusni, es pupusni qs pupusni S/he is going to be sad. iqs pupusni, qs pupusni pupusen They got sad. qe pupusn, p pupusn es pupuseni They are sad. qe es pupusni, pes pupusni qs pupuseni They are going to be sad. qeqs pupusni, pqs pupusni a em ti scpupusn Maybe Youll get sad.
npels have profound sadness. circumfix: nels want, feel. npels S/he is very sad. n npels, npels es npelsi S/he is very sad. nes npelsi, es npelsi qs npelsi S/he is going to be very sad. iqs npelsi, qs npelsi ya look sad. i ya S/he looks sad. i n ya, i ya nenmnt look sad. rt.: n unexpressive. See: serious.
saddle
animal; mainly referring to horse or car; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
something ntisqetn, ntisq Saddle. rt.: tu place down; affix: sqae, sqa domestic s.t. something (s.t.) implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
ntisqe saddle a horse. ntisqe S/he saddled a horse. n ntisqe, ntisqe es ntisqei S/he is saddling a horse. nes ntisqei, es ntisqei qs ntisqei S/hes going to saddle a horse. iqs ntisqei, qs ntisqei es nti S/he/it is saddled. ntisqei Saddle the horse. nisqetn, nisq womans saddle. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
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nti saddle. rt.: tu place down; suffix: i back. lit. put on the back. aata saddle. rt.: emut sit. nlisqaetn pack saddle. rt.: al poles lashed together; suffix: ...tn means of/device. etn pack saddle. suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: pack. nlisqetn, nlisq pack saddle. rt.: al poles lashed together. snqqwetn, snqqwe stirrups. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nlisqetn, nlisq gridle commonly used for saddle horses. suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
npim remove a saddle. rt.: pim release from; suffix: i back. npim S/he removed a saddle. n npim, npim es npii S/he is removing a saddle. nes npii, es npii qs npii S/he is going to remove a saddle. iqs npii, qs npii npim They removed a saddle. qe npim, p npim es npii They are removing a saddle. qe es npii, pes npii qs npii They are going to remove a saddle. qeqs npii, pqs npii npiis S/he removed the saddle. npi, npit es npii S/he is removing the saddle. ies npim, es npim qs npii S/he is going to remove the saddle. iqs npim, qs npim npiis They removed the saddle. qe npitm, npitp es npims They are removing the saddle. qe es npim, es npimp qs npims They are going to remove the saddle. qeqs npim, qs npimp npii Remove a saddle. (comm.) npiwi All of you remove a saddle. (comm.) npit Remove the saddle. (comm.) ha npit Did you take the saddle off?
saddle blanket
nqapisqetn, nqapisq saddle blanket. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
nqpopsm put a saddle blanket on for under the saddle. nqpopsm S/he put a saddle blanket on. n nqpopsm, nqpopsm es nqpopsi S/he is putting a saddle blanket on. nes nqpopsi, es nqpopsi qs nqpopsi S/he is going to put a saddle blanket on. iqs nqpopsi, qs nqpopsi nqpopisqetn, nqpopisq Saddle blanket under saddle. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nqpim put a saddle blanket on. suffix: i back. nqpim S/he put a saddle blanket on. n nqpim, nqpim es nqpii S/he is putting a saddle blanket on. nes nqpii, es nqpii qs nqpii S/he is going to put a saddle blanket on. iqs nqpii, qs nqpii qpesm put a saddle blanket for the top of the saddle. qpesm S/he put a saddle blanket on. n qpesm, qpesm es qpesi S/he is putting a saddle blanket on. nes qpesi, es qpesi qs qpesi S/he is going to put a saddle blanket on. iqs qpesi, qs qpesi pqesqetn, pqesq Saddle blanket on top of saddle. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
safe
u relaxed/safe/secure; have no worries; have no cares. See: secure.
il live, safe. See: live.
safety pin
ut safety pin. 364
sage qpqptp, qpqpt sage, mug worm, tarragon. sagebrush uunp sagebrush; big sagebrush. sagebrush buttercup symn buttercup. Sahaptin slapa, saptnia Nez Perce. sail lap float in a vessel; row. (i.e., boat, canoe, raft, etc.)
tspis u n lap Yesterday I floated (sailed). pip float. tet float. suffix: et, t liquid.
See: float.
St. Ignatius snymn St. Ignatius, Mission. lit. a place where something was surrounded. St. Marys Lake sent mali clis St. Marys Lake. St. Regis tpe St. Regis; lit. rocky point coming to an end. salamander salamander, lizard. Salish sli Salish, Bitterroot Salish.
qemi Bitterroot Salish (Pend dOreille name for Salish). qayaqn, qa Bitterroot Salish. sqli People, person, Indians.
salmon
smi, smi salmon. smi sqin salmon head. smi sups salmon tail. smi useen salmon eggs. soi Salmon Lake.
Salmon Lake salt ol salt.
olis S/he salted it. oln, olnt es olms S/he is salting it. ies olm, as olm qs olms S/he is going to salt it. iqs olm, aqs olm es ol Its salted. i ol Its salty. i nol Its salty (liquid). snol salt shaker. olnt Salt it. (comm.)
inmen iqs olm u iscel I like salting the meat I cut for dying.
salt lick salute same
cinqs deer lick, salt lick. is nod the head down; greet, hail. See: nod.
ei like, same. See: like. iai exactly the same.
i that very one; the same one. See: that. e ep te S/he has the same. 365
Samual samwl Samual. San Poil sipi San Poil. sand spep sand. sandhill crane salin, sali sandhill crane. sandles spin slippers, sandles, anything you slip on. sandpiper nusqs, nus sandpiper. sandwich scnes, scne sandwich. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. sap smcin, smci inside of the bark, or sap, of the cottonwood or bull-pine.
smop draining of the tree.
sassy
eynemn sassy; someone who always likes to talk back. suffix: emn one who always
likes to do.
sat aql, a sit down; in the motion of sitting down. See: sit. Saturday se Saturday; end of the week. rt.: e against. sausage lo es naes sausage. lit. tied/hooked together pig.
llo sausage; little pigs. sen, se intestine; sausage/hot dog/wiener.
savage save
uut wild, savage, untamed, physically and moral; that keeps away. elm store away; put away; save. See: put away.
qum save. squmcn leftover food you take with you for later. suffix: ...cin, cn action of the mouth.
saw
nimn saw. ni Str. rt., cut, slice, saw. See: cut. wi see/find. See: see. usq see people. See: see. utw, utw see each other. See: see.
sawdust nimn sawdust. saw-whet owl sqe saw-whet owl. say wm say/speak; to pronounce; to annunciate.
wm S/he said. n wm, wm es wi S/he is saying. nes wi, es wi qs wi S/he is going to say. iqs wi, qs wi awm They said. qe wm, p wm es awi They are saying. qe es wi, pes wi qs awi They are going to say. qeqs wi, pqs wi wis S/he said s.t. wn, wnt es wms S/he is saying s.t. ies wm, as wm qs wms S/he is going to say s.t. iqs wm, aqs wm
366
awis They said s.t. qe wntm, wntp es awms They are saying s.t. qe es wm, es wmp qs awms They are going to say s.t. qeqs wm, qs wmp es awwi S/he is repeatedly saying. nes awwi, es awwi es awwms S/he is repeatedly saying s.t. ies awwm, as awwm wnuis S/he finally said it. wnun, wnunt es wnunms S/he is finally saying it. ies wnunm, as wnunm scw something thats been said. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. wi Say. (comm.) wnt Say it. (comm.) awawm say words out loud; read out loud.
See: read.
es awawi S/he is reading out loud. nes awawi, es awawi cu say/speak to somebody or something; inform; provide information about something. cnm S/he/it said. n cnm, cnm es cuti S/he/it is saying. nes cuti, es cuti qs cuti S/he/it is going to say. iqs cuti, qs cuti cunm They said. qe cnm, p cnm es cuti They are saying. qe es cuti, pes cuti qs cuti They are going to say. qeqs cuti, pqs cuti cis S/he/it said it to s.o. cn, cnt es cunms S/he/it is saying it to s.o. ies cunm, as cunm qs cunms S/he/it is going to say it to s.o. iqs cunm, aqs cunm cuis They said it to s.o. qe cntm, cntp es cunms They are saying it to s.o. qe es cunm, es cunmp qs cunms They are going to say it to s.o. qeqs cunm, qs cunmp cntm something was said to him/her/it. o cntm, cntm cunt Say it to s.o. (comm.) em cunm S/he will say. em n cunm, em cunm em cunm They will say. em qe cunm, em p cunm cuntm ei oye S/he was told, "what did you say for me?" qe culs S/he said to us. ie ies cunm This Im telling. we cun I did tell. ma e we cuncn ep ie sma See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows. eunm make indiscernible speech; make chatter; hear people/animals making sounds; people talking in the distance. eeunm They were talking. eunis S/he/it said it. eunn, eunnt s.t. something eunis They said it. qe eunntm, eunntp (s.t.) something implied eeunm Each is making sounds. s.o. someone eunm They were making sounds. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word n eunm I made sounds. comm. Command Lit. Literally nes euni I making sounds. nnm u sqli The people sang. ent, e question asking what was said? ent What did s/he say? n ent, ent es enti What is s/he saying? nes enti, es enti qs enti What is s/he going to saying? iqs enti, qs enti
a related word.
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eint What did they say? qe ent, p ent es einti What are they saying? qe es enti, pes enti qs einti What are they going to saying? qeqs enti, pqs enti einnsts What did s/he say to s.o.? einnstn, einnst es entms What is s/he saying to s.o.? ies entm, as entm qs entms What is s/he going to say to s.o.? iqs entm, aqs entm einnsts What did they say to s.o.? qe einnstm, einnstp es eintms What are they saying to s.o.? ies entm, as entm qs eintms What are they going to say to s.o.? iqs entm, aqs entm eintm What was said to him/her? cuntm ei oye S/he was told, "what did you say for me?" ta teys ei I didnt say anything. une te ei You did say something. ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. nmemecin talk in a bothersome way. rt.: memet bothersome. See: talk. scinm talk good. See: talk. scinm talk bad. See: talk.
sc
scalp
sqn scalp. sqis S/he scalped s.o. sqn, sqn es sqnms S/he is scalping s.o. ies sqnm, as sqnm qs sqnms S/he is scalping s.o. iqs sqnm, aqs sqnm soqis They salped s.o. qe sqntm, sqnp es sqnms They are scalping s.o. qe es sqnm, es sqnmp qs soqnms They are scalping s.o. qeqs sqnm, qs sqnmp soqntm S/he was scalped. es soqn S/he is scalped. ncaintm, ncaqintm Take the top off (is scalped).
scalp dance
yul scalp dance. es yuli S/he is scalp dancing. nes yuli, es yuli es yuli They are scalp dancing. qe es yuli, pes yuli et ie es custm es yuli Then theres whats called the scalp dance. sqi scar.
scar scared
nlm afraid/scared of something. nelm S/he/it was afraid. n nelm, nelm es nli S/he/it is scared. nes nli, es nli qs nli S/he/it is going to be scared. iqs nli, qs nli nelm They were afraid. qe nelm, p nelm es neli They are scared. qe es nli, pes nli qs neli They are going to be scared. qeqs nli, pqs nli nelmis S/he/it got afraid of s.o./s.t. nelmn, nelmnt es nelmms S/he/it is afraid of s.o./s.t. ies nelmm, as nelmm qs nelmms S/he/it is going to be afraid of s.o./s.t. iqs nelmm, aqs nelmm nelmis They got afraid of s.o./s.t. qe nelmntm, nelmntp es nelmms They are afraid of s.o./s.t. qe es nelmm, es nelmmp
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qs nelmms They are going to be afraid of s.o./s.t. qeqs nelmm, qs nelmmp es nlli S/he/it is being afraid (of things). nes nlli, es nlli es nllms S/he/it is being afraid of things. ies nllm, as nllm es nali S/he/it is a little afraid. nes nali, es nali nelmn someone who is always scared. nlelmn something used to scare. nllutm something to be feared. snllsnu something that is spooky. nleli Scare. (comm.) nlelwi You all scare. (comm.) nlelnt Scare it. (comm.) nlelnti You all scare it. (comm.) nlltumi Scare them. (comm.) nlltum, nlltu scare people. es ntumi S/he is scaring people. nes ntumi, es ntumi es nelmnscuti S/he/it is scaring his/her/its self. nes nelmnscuti, es nelmnscuti es nllncuti S/he/it is scaring his/her/its self. nes nllncuti, es nllncuti es nllmisti S/he is scaring his/her self. nes nllmisti, es nllmisti es nllnweisti They are scaring each other. qe es nllnweisti, pes nllnweisti nlelwis go around scaring. nlwis, nlwi go around being scared; scared, on the run. es nelmms S/he/it is afraid of you. es nelmms esya S/he/it is afraid of them. o as nelmm Youre afraid of me. as nelmm Youre afraid of them.d ies nelmm Im afraid of you. n nelemn sec te u n susewne Im afraid of sounds in the dark. nelm t set You are afraid of spiders. ha nelm u i i Are you afraid of the dark? ha nel t nosmi Are you afraid of the dog? n nelemn t sewile Im afraid of snakes. n nelemn t nwist Im afraid of heights. u nelemn t slla They are afraid of thunder. n nel t anwi Im afraid of you. u puti is simlt n nelemn t niosmi When I was younger I was afraid of dogs. p ies nelmm pesya Im afraid of you all. tam ies nelmm Im not afraid of you. es neli t naisqe They are scared of monsters. t scnel t u lil t scssu S/he died of fear. ha ie nel Do you get scared? nllsnu Youre spooky. a u nllnun I finally scared him/her. o nlet Scare him/her for me. nlelnt Scare them. (comm.) almistm afraid; give into; scared to offend; timid. See: afraid. in afraid of getting hurt; careful and cautious. (i.e. falling, etc.) See: afraid. e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous. ssusm, ssu startle. See: startle.
scaredy-cat scarf scatter
nlmn coward, scaredy-cat. nlwis, nlwi go around being scared; scared, on the run. iylqn, iya head wrap; scarf. rt.: yalim coil, wrap; suffix: qin, qn p.
isl scatter things out; throw things away. (i.e. peelings, scraps, etc.) islis S/he scatter things out. isln, islnt es islms S/he is scattering things out. ies islm, as islm qs islms S/he is going to scatter things out. iqs islm, aqs islm iislis They scatter things out. qe islntm, islntp es iislms They are scattering things out. qe es islm, es islmp
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qs iislms They are going to scatter things out. qeqs islm, qs islmp islnt Scatter the things out. (comm.) e wis om m e islnt u scco When you finish peeling youll scatter out the peelings. pt round objects lying/sitting around. ie scmlml e es llm pt There were clumps left lying all over. pum spread/pour round things out on a surface of something. (i.e. berries, marbles, etc.)
prefix: surface. See: spread.
npt put/pour round objects in water. See: pour. yayt rare, thinly scattered. aat u esapqinm rare pow-wow, celebration. pum distribute, spread around, pass/hand out. See: distribute.
Schley school scissors
sncna Schley. snaimntn, snaim school; schoolhouse. rt.: aim read; prefix: sn a
place of; suffix: mintn instrument/tool.
almin scissors. lalmin more than one scissors. almin little scissors. tialmin big scissors.
alim, ali cut with scissors. alim S/he cut. n alim, alim es almi S/he is cutting. nes almi, es almi qs almi S/he is going to cut. iqs almi, qs almi alim They cut. qe alim, p alim es almi They are cutting. qe es almi, pes almi qs almi They are going to cut. qeqs almi, pqs almi alnts S/he cut s.t. alntn, alnt es alims S/he is cutting s.t. ies alim, as alim qs alims S/he is going to cut s.t. iqs alim, aqs alim alntes They cut s.t. qe alntm, alntp es alims They are cutting s.t. qe es alim, es alimp qs alims They are going to cut s.t. qeqs alim, qs alimp es al Its cut. ali cut. (comm.) alint cut it. (comm.) scal something that is cut with scissors. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. n i t almin The scissors pinched me. ent ye scal Take these that have been ali t ein Cut out moccasins. alint ci iuyn Cut out the (picture) car.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied cut. s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
scold
nmla scold somebody; tell off; chew out; ball out. nmla S/he scolded. n nmla, nmla nmla They scolded. qe nmla, p nmla omlts S/he scolded someone. omltn, omlt omlts They scolded someone. qe omltm, omltp
scoop
mu dip, scoop up or out. See: fetch. 370
nmuli, aly Go get water, Harriet!
score scout scrape
sii score. sti somebody who scouts. prefix: s one who does.
a scrape. am S/he scraped. n am, am es ai S/he is scraping. nes ai, es ai qs ai S/he is going to scrape. iqs ai, qs ai am They scraped. qe am, p am es ai They are scraping. qe es ai, es ai qs ai They are going to scrape. qeqs ai, qs ai ais S/he scraped s.t. an, ant es ams S/he is scraping s.t. ies am, as am qs ams S/he is going to scrape s.t. iqs am, aqs am ais They scraped s.t. antm, antp es ams They are scraping s.t. qe es am, es amp qs ams They are going to scrape s.t. qeqs am, qs amp es aai S/he is scraping. nes aai, es aai es aams S/he is scraping s.t. ies aam, as aam anuis S/he finally scraped s.t. anun, anunt anuis They finally scraped s.t. qe anuntm, anuntp amn scraper. a u anun I finally got it scraped.
alm scrape fur off a hide. alm S/he scraped. n alm, alm es ali S/he is scraping. nes ali, es ali qs ali S/he is going to scrape. iqs ali, qs ali alm They scraped. qe alm, p alm es ali They are scraping. qe es ali, pes ali qs ali They are going to scrape. qeqs ali, pqs ali alis S/he scraped s.t. aln, alnt es alms S/he is scraping s.t. ies alm, as alm qs alms S/he is going to scrape s.t. iqs alm, aqs alm alis They scraped s.t. qe alntm, alntp es alms They are scraping s.t. qe es alm, es almp qs alms They are going to scrape s.t. qeqs alm, qs almp es aali S/he is scraping. nes aali, es aali es aalms S/he is scraping s.t. ies aalm, as aalm alnuis S/he finally scraped s.t. alnun, alnunt alnuis They finally scraped s.t. qe alnuntm, alnuntp almn scraper. a u alnun I finally got it scraped. um scrape the inside of a hide. um S/he scraped. n um, um es mi S/he is scraping. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to scrape. iqs mi, qs mi
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um They scraped. qe um, p um es mi They are scraping. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to scrape. qeqs mi, pqs mi min scraper. i scrape a wet rawhide to soften it. m S/he scraped (hide). n m, m es i S/he is scraping (hide). nes i, es i qs i S/he is going to scrape (hide). iqs i, qs i am They scraped (hide). qe m, p m es ai They are scraping (hide). qe es i, pes i qs ai They are going to scrape (hide). qeqs i, pqs i is S/he scraped a hide. n, nt es ms S/he is scraping a hide. ies m, as m qs ms S/he is going to scrape a hide. iqs m, aqs m ais They scraped a hide. qe ntm, ntp es ams They are scraping a hide. qe es m, es mp qs ams They are going to scrape a hide. qeqs m, qs mp mn hide scraper. em m t anmn Youll scrape it with your scraper. e wis nt When youre finished scraping it. i scrape a tanned hide to soften/fluff it. i S/he scraped. n i, i es ii S/he is scraping. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to scrape. iqs ii, qs ii i They scraped. qe i, p i es ii They are scraping. qe es ii, pes ii qs ii They are going to scrape. qeqs ii, pqs ii clean; clear out; make tidy. See: clean. es pmi Scraping, peeling down. i l The wood/pole/log is clean. pmn match.
scratch
emu scratch. namaqs Scraped/scratched nose. naman Scraped/scratched nose.
qsim scratch to relieve an itch. qsim S/he scratched. n qsim, qsim es qsmi S/he is scratching. nes qsmi, es qsmi qs qsmi S/he is going to scratch. iqs qsmi, qs qsmi qsim They scratched. qe qsim, p qsim es qsmi They are scratching. qe es qsmi, pes qsmi qs qsmi They are going to scratch. qeqs qsmi, pqs qsmi qsntes S/he scratched s.o. qsnten, qsnte es qsims S/he is scratching s.o. ies qsim, as qsim qs qsims S/he is going to scratch s.o. iqs qsim, aqs qsim qsntes They scratched s.o. qe qsntem, qsntep es qsims They are scratching s.o. qe es qsim, es qsimp qs qsims They are going to scratch s.o. qeqs qsim, qs qsimp
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sqsim somebody who scratches. prefix: s one who does. qsemn someone who always likes to scratch. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. qsqsmu The individual that always scratches. suffix: mu the individual who always does. qsi Scratch. (comm.) qsmis Scratch s.t. (comm.) qsint Scratch s.t. (comm.) qsncut, qsncu scratch ones self to relieve an itch. qsncut S/he scratch his/her self. n qsncut, qsncut es qsncuti S/he is scratching his/her self. nes qsncuti, es qsncuti qs qsncuti S/he is going to scratch his/her self. iqs qsncuti, qs qsncuti qsncut They scratch his/her self. qe qsncut, p qsncut es qsncuti They are scratching his/her self. qe es qsncuti, pes qsncuti qs qsncuti They are going to scratch his/her self. qeqs qsncuti, pqs qsncuti qsncut Scratch yourself. (comm.) nqsim scratch the back of someone to relieve an itch. nqsim S/he/it scratched a back. n nqsim, nqsim es nqsii S/he/it is scratching a back. nes nqsii, es nqsii qs nqsii S/he/it is going to scratch a back. iqs nqsii, qs nqsii nqsim They scratched a back. qe nqsim, p nqsim es nqsii They are scratching a back. qe es nqsii, pes nqsii qs nqsii They are going to scratch a back. qeqs nqsii, pqs nqsii nqsimis S/he/it scratched s.o.s back. nqsimn, nqsimnt es nqsims S/he/it is scratching s.o.s back. ies nqsim, as nqsim qs nqsims S/he/it is going to scratch s.o.s back. iqs nqsim, aqs nqsim nqsimis They scratched s.o.s back. qe nqsimntm, nqsimntp es nqsims They are scratching s.o.s back. qe es nqsim, es nqsimp qs nqsims They are going to scratch s.o.s back. qeqs nqsim, qs nqsimp nqsimntm His/her back was scratched. nqsii Scratch the back. (comm.) nqsimnt Scratch his/her back. (comm.) em qs nqsims S/he/it will be scratching s.o.s back. nqsim em qs nqsims They will be scratching s.o.s back. nqsimp em iqs nqsim, em aqs em qeqs nqsim, em qs
iqs nqsim I am going to scratch your back. ha e u o aqs nqsim Would you scratch my back? em scratch to cause injury. em S/he scratched. n em , em es mi S/he is scratching. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to scratch. iqs mi, qs mi em They scratched. qe em , p em es mi They are scratching. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to scratch. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he scratched s.o. nten, nte es ems S/he is scratching s.o. ies em , as em qs ems S/he is going to scratch s.o. iqs em , aqs em ntes They scratched s.o. qe ntem, ntep es ems They are scratching s.o. qe es em , es emp
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qs ems They are going to scratch s.o. qeqs em , qs emp ent Scratch s.o. (comm.) ncut scratch ones self causing injury. em scratch using an object. em S/he scratched. n em , em es mi S/he is scratching. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to scratch. iqs mi, qs mi em They scratched. qe em , p em es mi They are scratching. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to scratch. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he scratched s.t. nten, nte es ems S/he is scratching s.t. ies em , as em qs ems S/he is going to scratch s.t. iqs em , aqs em ntes They scratched s.t. qe ntem, ntep es ems They are scratching s.t. qe es em , es emp qs ems They are going to scratch s.t. qeqs em , qs emp ent Scratch s.t. (comm.) ocm For an animal to scratch with claws. ocm S/he/it scratched. n ocm, ocm es oci S/he/it is scratching. nes oci, es oci qs oci S/he/it is going to scratch. iqs oci, qs oci ocm They scratched. qe ocm, p ocm es oci They are scratching. qe es oci, pes oci qs oci They are going to scratch. qeqs oci, pqs oci ocis S/he/it scratched s.o./s.t. ocn, ocnt es ocms S/he/it is scratching s.o./s.t. ies ocm, as ocm qs ocms S/he/it is going to scratch s.o./s.t. iqs ocm, aqs ocm ocis They scratched s.o./s.t. qe ocntm, ocntp es ocms They are scratching s.o./s.t. qe es ocm, es ocmp qs ocms They are going to scratch s.o./s.t. qeqs ocm, qs ocmp es coci S/he/it is scratching repeatedly. nes coci, es coci es cocms S/he/it is scratching s.o./s.t. repeatedly. ies cocm, as cocm em ocm S/he/it will scratch. em n ocm, em ocm em ocm They will scratch. em qe ocm, em p ocm em qes ocms S/he/it will be scratching it. em iqes ocm, em aqes ocm em qes ocms They will be scratching it. em qeqes ocm, em qes ocmp
scre
scream
coi It screamed. cot cry, scream. es coti S/he is crying. nes coti, es coti oim yell out; shout out. (i.e. a war cry) See: yell.
screech owl
always does.
oomu Screech owl. lit. one that yells. suffix: mu the individual who
scrunch
eism scrunch the face. 374
eism S/he scrunched his/her face. n eism, eism
sculpin seagull seaweed search
stt slimy muddler, slimy sculpin. smma seagull. rt.: amaliye eat and eat. See: eat.
lloqi seagull. ssnalet seaweed. suffix: et, t liquid.
em look for; search; find. em S/he/it searched. n em, em es emi S/he/it is searching. nes emi, es emi qs emi S/he/it is going to search. iqs emi, qs emi em They searched. qe em, p em es emi They are searching. qe es emi, pes emi qs emi They are going to search. qeqs emi, pqs emi entes S/he/it searched for s.o./s.t. enten, ente es ems S/he/it is searching for s.o./s.t. ies em, as em qs ems S/he/it is going to search for s.o./s.t. iqs em, aqs em em They searched for s.o./s.t. qe em, p em es ems They are searching for s.o./s.t. qe es em, es emp qs ems They are going to search for s.o./s.t. qeqs emi, qs emp sem somebody who searches. prefix: s one who does. ent Search for s.o./s.t. (comm.) enti You all search for s.o./s.t. (comm.) asqe, asq look for domestic animals, horse, car. neestnels search within ones self; to soul search. (done when something bothering ones self.) es neestnelsi S/he is soul searching. nes neestnelsi, es neestnelsi eencu search for something on ones self. (i.e., an object, memory) nes emi t ululim Im looking for money. enti pcemp u smp All of you look for your diggers and your bark bags. uy ent anqaqe Go and find your older brother. o et inne Go find me my keys. ies em inilmim Im looking for my boss. ste u es ems What are they looking for? ha o aqs em Are you going to look for me.
usm look in on somebody. usm S/he/it is looking in on (s.o.). n usm, usm es usi S/he/it is looking in on (s.o.). nes usi, es usi qs usi S/he/it is looking in on (s.o.). iqs usi, qs usi uusm They looked in on (s.o.). qe usm, p usm es uusi They are looking in on (s.o.). qe es usi, pes usi qs uusi They are going to look in on (s.o.). qeqs usi, pqs usi uusis S/he/it looked in on s.o. uusn, uusnt es umsms S/he/it is looking in on s.o. ies umsm, as umsm qs umsms S/he/it is looking in on s.o. iqs umsm, aqs umsm uuusis They looked in on s.o. qe uusntm, uusntp es uumsms They are looking in on s.o. qe es umsm, es umsmp qs uumsms They are going to look in on s.o. qeqs umsm, qs umsmp susi Look around. (comm.) asqe, asq look for domestic animals, horse, car.
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asqe S/he/it looked for a horse. n asqe, asqe es asqei S/he/it is looking for a horse. nes asqei, es asqei qs asqei S/he/it is going to look for a horse. iqs asqei, qs asqei asqe They looked for a horse. qe asqe, p asqe es asqei They are looking for a horse. qe es asqei, pes asqei qs asqei They are going to look for a horse. qeqs asqei, pqs asqei es aasqei S/he/it is looking for many horses. nes aasqei, es aasqei uuscutist seek a vision. See: vision. nepm search for eggs. See: egg.
seat snemutn chair; a place to sit. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. second atp follow. See: follow. secondhand store snsplsctn, snsplscu secondhand store. prefix: sn a place of;
secret
wecnm hide your talk, by whispering, by talking a different language; talk secretly; gossip. See: gossip sim somebody who writes; a secretary. prefix: s one who does.
secretary secure
u relaxed/safe/secure; to have no worries; to have no cares. es qini S/he safe. nes qini, es qini qs qini S/he is going to be safe. iqs qini, qs qini qnule place of no cares. snqnctn personal place of no worries. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
scqnct something that relaxes a person. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. qnct, qnc relax ones self; to make ones self have no cares; to have no worries. See: relax. yo u qnule They feel safe.
see
wi Str. rt., see, find; come into view. wim S/he/it saw (s.t.). n wim, wim wim They saw/found (s.t.). qe wim, p wim wiis S/he/it saw/found it. witn, wit es wims S/he/it is seeing it. ies wim, as wim qs wims S/he/it is going to see it. iqs wim, aqs wim wiis They saw/found it. qe witm, witp es wims They are seeing it. qe es wim, es wimp qs wims They are going to see it. qeqs wim, qs wimp witmntm S/he/it was found/seen. o witmntm, witmntm wilt They were seen. qe wilt, wils wi S/he saw/found a house. n wi, wi witms S/he saw you. witmncn winc S/he saw you. em wim S/he/it will see (s.t). em n wim, em wim em wim They will see (s.t.). em qe wim, em p wim em wiis S/he/it will see it. em witn, em wit 376
em wiis They will see it. em qe witm, em witp em qs wims S/he/it will be seeing it. em iqs wim, em aqs wim em qs wims They will be seeing it. em qeqs wim, em qs wimp n wim tste I saw something. n wim t si I saw geese. n wim t ululim I found money. witn u ancit I found your house (was looking for it). win u ancit I saw your house (saw it). em e e es witmncn I will see you again. e itee m e witmncn Ill see you soon. e lu heenm m e witmncn Ill see you at eight this evening. eli m e wimn morrow I will see you again. qe e cwilt We were seen again. qe witm atwen es weni We saw Tony dance. t tisi u e wits Big Blanket found it. wi u tisi Big Blanket saw a house. ta swe swits ci sm es inms s Nobody saw that grizzly eating the huckleberries. u es cuy u susep qecit tspis u wi t sn While Joe was coming to our house yesterday, he saw a cow elk. t mu sqli u o cis wiis Four people came to see me. qesy u qe witm We all saw. n wim t nmqe issm ie u qe tamnqnwe I saw a bear so close we almost bumped heads. usqli, usq see people. usqli S/he saw people. n usqli, usqeli usqeli They saw people. qe usqli, p usqeli n usqli t sqli I saw some people. n usq t sel I saw a two people. n usq t sm I saw Grizzly Bear. n usq t mlqnu I saw Eagle. utw, utw see each other. utwe They saw each other. qe utw, p utw em qe e utwe We will see each other again. ewi See; there; thats what you get. ewi eye See, youre mean. ewi nlane See, you eat too much. ma see. ma e we cuncn ep ie u sa See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows. tma u t ssi it u ieu Because, long ago there were lots of animals. isewt know/see something or someone is there but they cant be seen; to see just an outline or vision of something.
seed
snt seed from the inside of something. (i.e., fruit, nuts, etc.)
sni seed from the top of something. saqin plant that has seeds on top that can blow away. (i.e., dandelion) eep seeds growing to a plant; coming up; opening up.
seizure
qcim seizure. qcqcim seizures; epilepsy. qcqcntem seizure.
self-conscious
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; R.t. Root word comm. Command considerate; not impose. Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively pusnct S/he/it was self-conscious. n pusnct, pusnct i.e., That is, es pusncti S/he/it is being self-conscious. nes pusncti, es pusncti See: - Redirection to a related word. qs pusncti S/he/it is going to be self-conscious. iqs pusncti, qs pusncti
pusncut They were self-conscious. qe pusnct, p pusnct es pusncuti They are being self-conscious. qe es pusncti, pes pusncti 377
qs pusncuti They are going to be self-conscious. pusncti pusnct Be self-conscious. (comm.)
qeqs pusncti, pqs
ta qes pusnct Dont be self-conscious. i e ye ta es pusncu S/he was really acting like a jerk. tas pusnct S/he was imposing.
select send
nm choose, pick, select, or try. See: try.
ul send someone somewhere. ulsts S/he sent him/her. ulstn, ulst ulsts They sent him/her. qe ulstm, ulstp ulstms S/he sent you. ulstmn I sent you. ulstms They sent you. ulstmt We sent you. ultms S/he sent you all. ultmn I sent you all. ultms They sent you all. qe ultmt We sent you all. qe ulls S/he sent us. qe ullt You sent us. qe ulls They sent us. qe ullp You all sent us. ulst You sent them. ulstn I sent them. ulsts S/he sent them. qe ulstm We sent them. ulsm They sent them. ulstp You all sent them. lulstm Each one was sent. ulstm S/he was sent. o ulstm, ulstm o ulsts S/he sent me. t mali qe ulls sntumi Mary sent us to the store.
im sent. telm leave something in charge of somebody; give to someone to take care of temporarily.
See: care.
sctelm mail. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. See: mail.
sense enwenm feel/sense. See: feel. separate eh separate; break free of; loosen.
elu It came apart. es esesi Its separating. hnt Uncover it! nehptn, neh key. circumfix: nep opening; suffix: ...tn means of/device. lehi An egg hatched. See: hatch. ispq h My glued thing came loose, came off. hm uncover something; to separate the surface. See: uncover. esesm separate something solid. (i.e., a rock, bread loaf, pie, etc.) esesis S/he separated s.t. esesn, esesnt es esesms S/he is separating s.t. ies esesm, as esesm qs esesms S/he is separating s.t. iqs esesm, aqs esesm esesnt Separate s.t. (comm.) esesn ihe u sic esn I separated this and then I divided it up. ehmscut separate with ones partner or spouse. ehmscuti S/he seperated. n ehmscuti, ehmscuti 378
es ehmscuti S/he is separating. nes ehmscuti, es ehmscuti qs ehmscuti S/he is going to seperate. iqs ehmscuti, qs ehmscuti om separate something that is together. (i.e., a pile, a ream of paper, a package of crackers, etc.) om S/he/it divided. n om, om es mi S/he/it is dividing. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he/it is going to divide. iqs mi, qs mi om They divided. qe om, p om es mi They are dividing. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to divide. qeqs mi, pqs mi omstes S/he/it divided s.t. omsten, omste es mims S/he/it is dividing s.t. ies om, as om qs oms S/he/it is going to divide s.t. iqs om, aqs om omstes They divided s.t. qe omstem, omstep es oms They is dividing s.t. qe es om, es omp qs oms They is going to divide s.t. qeqs om, qs omp es divide/part something; to apportion. See: divide. tes divide something in two; to halve something. See: half. sa split wood. See: split. pes get divorced. See: divorce.
September spnis September (month of the chokecherry). serious n stoic; serious; look mean; unexpressive.
i n S/he looks serious/mean. i n n, i n nnt Person who refrains from talking. ens have a mean/serious face. i ens S/he has a mean face. i n ens, i ens ta qs nusm i n Dont smile, look mean.
service berry sq service berry. set caq set down.

cqnts S/he set s.t./s.o. down. cqntn, cqnt cqntes They set s.t./s.o. down. qe cqntm, cqntp cqntn I set it down; I pulled it out. ncaq set something inside. ncaq S/he set it in. n ncaq, ncaq es ncaqi S/he is settting it in. nes ncaqi, es ncaqi qs ncaqi S/he is going to set it in. iqs ncaqi, qs ncaqi ncaq They set it in. qe ncaq, p ncaq es ncaqi They are settting it in. qe es ncaqi, pes ncaqi qs ncaqi They are going to set it in. qeqs ncaqi, pqs ncaqi sncaqi something used for setting something in. cqaus, cqau set in the fire; to make coffee. es cqsq S/he is parked; the car it set down. See: park. es cqeu They are parked. See: park. ha e wis ncqaus t liti Did you set the tea in/on the (fire, stove, pot)? sil put more than one object. 379
es sil It is set; the objects are put down. slint Set the table. (comm.) sliwi Set the table, all of you. (comm.)
seven
sis seven. upn e sis seventeen. sis Seven people.
sst prefix indicating seven combined with another affix forming a full word. sstst seven days. suffix: ast sky, day. sste seven houses. suffix: e house. nsstep seven eggs. circumfix: nep egg. sstsn seven rocks. suffix: sn rock. s prefix indicating five added to a whole word. supn seventy, seven tens. ssqe, ssq seven domestic animals or cars. The is dropped when preceding an s.
seventy supn, su seventy. seven hundred snoqn, snoq seven hundred. several it some, other, several. See: some.
nin several. in several. a in several.
sew
om sew. om S/he sewed. n om, om es mi S/he is sewing. nes omi, es omi qs mi S/he is going to sew. iqs omi, qs omi om They sewed. qe om, p om es mi They are sewing. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to sew. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he sewed it. nten, nte es oms S/he is sewing it. ies om, as om qs oms S/he is going to sew it. iqs om, aqs om ntes They sewed it. qe ntem, ntep es oms They are sewing it. qe es om, es omp qs oms They are going to sew it. qeqs om, qs omp es omi S/he is sewing and sewing. nes omi, es omi es oms S/he is sewing and sewing it. ies om, as om nte anitpa Sew on your skirt. npusi thread a needle. ntes They threaded the needle. ntem, ntep ntes S/he threaded the needle. nten, nte nt You put the thread in the needle; also picking up rocks for the sweat.
sewing kit sne sewing kit. sewing machine snmintn, snmin sewing machine.
prefix: sn a place of; suffix:
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sh
shade
y have shade. es eymi S/he/it is sitting in the shade. nes eymi, es eymi qs eymi S/he/it is going to sit in the shade. iqs eymi, qs eymi emn umbrella. ci ssnintm u te suswisn cqantm t es iy The places made for eating were very long, they covered them with brush for shade.
shadow shake
smme shadow.
yatt shake. itiatmsts S/he/it shook s.t. itiatmstn, itiatmst es itiatmsts S/he/it is shaking s.t. es itiatmstn, es itiatmst qs itiatmsts S/he/it is going to shake s.t. qs itiatmstn, qs itiatmst itiatmstm S/he/it was shook. ytms Shake it. yatmistwi All of you shake yourselves. yatmule earhquake.
all flutter/shake. allip S/he/it fluttered/shook. n allip, allip i all Its fluttering. allmstes S/he/it shook s.t. allmsten, allmste nllpcin cats purr. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. See: purr. nlallpusni shaky, tired legs. See: leg. allip ispus My heart fluttered. i all u ispus My heart is fluttering. es allippi u ispus My heart is shaking. aaestm shook him side to side. aausm shake your head side to side to say no. s hold hands; grasp hands. See: shake hands. talaqstn move/shake/bounce leg; releasing/relaxing from the leg and foot. loosen/untie; suffix: aqstn leg. See: leg. See: untie. es talaqstni S/he is bouncing his/her leg. nes talaqstni, es talaqstni
rt.: tal
shake hands
s hold hands; grasp hands. rt.: im grasp on to s.t. See: grasp. sis S/he held s.o.s hand. sn, snt es esms S/he is holding s.o.s hand. ies esm, as esm qs esms S/he is going to hold s.o.s hand. iqs esm, aqs esm esis They held s.o.s hand. qe sntm, sntp es esms They are holding s.o.s hand. qe es esm, es esmp qs esms They are going to hold s.o.s hand. qeqs esm, qs esmp snt Hold s.o.s hand. (comm.) nsnw, nsnw hold hands with each other. es nsnwi They are holding each others hands. qe es nsnwi, pes nsnwi nsnw Each one held hands with each other.
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snt asat Shake hands with your friend. (comm.) tum, tu shake hands with people. rt.: im grasp on to s.t. See: grasp. tum S/he shook hands. n tum, tum es tumi S/he is shaking hands. nes tumi, es tumi qs tumi S/he is going to shake hands. iqs tumi, qs tumi sctu handshake. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
shampoo qntn shampoo. suffix: ...tn means of/device. shallow shallow (water). shame eminm ashamed. See: ashamed.
et shameful.
shape share
sulls shape of something.
mat share. rt.: ma break. mat S/he shared. n mat, mat es mati S/he is sharing. nes mati, es mati qs mati S/he is going to share. iqs mati, qs mati mait They shared. qe mat, p mat es maiti They are sharing. qe es mati, pes mati qs maiti They are going to share. qeqs mati, pqs mati es matwisti They are sharing with each other. matwisti qe es matwisti, pes
matmis S/he shared with s.o. matmn, matmnt es matms S/he is sharing with s.o. nes matm, es matm qs mati S/he is going to share with s.o. iqs matm, qs matm maitmis They shared with s.o. qe matmntm, matmntp es maitm They are sharing with s.o. qe es matm, es matmp qs maitm They are going to share with s.o. qeqs matm, qs matmp mati Share. (comm.) matmnt Share with him/her. (comm.) masaqsm share food. masaqsm S/he shared food. n masaqsm, masaqsm es masaqsi S/he is sharing food. nes masaqsi, es masaqsi qs masaqsi S/he is going to share food. iqs masaqsi, qs masaqsi masaqsm They shared food. qe masaqsm, p masaqsm es masaqsi They are sharing food. qe es masaqsi, pes masaqsi qs masaqsi They are going to share food. qeqs masaqsi, pqs masaqsi masaqsis S/he shared food with s.o. masaqsn, masaqsnt (s.t.) something implied es masaqsms S/he is sharing food with s.o. ies masaqsm, as masaqsm s.o. someone qs masaqsms S/he is going to share food with s.o. iqs masaqsm, aqs masaqsm P.l. Plural R.t. Root word masaqsis They shared food with s.o. qe masaqsntm, masaqsntp comm. Command es masaqsms They are sharing food with s.o. qe es masaqsm, es masaqsmp Lit. Literally Figuratively qs masaqsms They are going to share food with s.o. qeqs masaqsm, qs Fig. That is, i.e., masaqsmp See: - Redirection to masaqsi Share your food. (comm.) masaqsnt Share your food with s.o. (comm.) chmnt use it together with something. 382
a related word. s.t. something
eynweist trade with each other; share. See: trade. eynweist they traded with each other. qe eynweist, p eynweist es eynweisti they are trading with each other. qe es eynweist, pes eynweisti qs eynweisti they are going to trade with each other. qeqs eynweist, pqs eynweisti
sharp
nimaqs, ni sharp point. circumfix: naqs nose, road. i nimaqs, i ni It has a sharp point. anqi mi i ni Your finger nail is sharp.
nimaqsm sharpen something to a point. (i.e., pencil, stick, etc.) nimaqsis S/he sharpened s.t. nimaqsn, nimaqsnt es nimaqsms S/he is sharpening s.t. ies nimaqsm, as nimaqsm qs nimaqsms S/he is going to sharpen s.t. iqs nimaqsm, aqs nimaqsm nimaqstn sharpener, pencil sharpener. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nimaqsnt Sharpen it. (comm.) ha e u nimaqsn inimintn May I sharpen my pencil? naqsm sharpen something using a knife, axe or anything with an edge. (i.e., stick, pole,
pencil, etc.)
naqsis S/he sharpened s.t. naqsn, naqsnt es naqsms S/he is sharpening s.t. ies naqsm, as naqsm qs naqsms S/he is going to sharpen s.t. iqs naqsm, aqs naqsm iit sharp edge.
sharpener
nimaqstn sharpener, pencil sharpener. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
pse knife sharpener, stone sharpener.
sharp-tailed grouse slu, s sharp-tailed grouse; prairie chicken. shatter tip shatter or break into pieces of stone, glass, iron or teeth.
tip S/he/it broke (s.t.). n tip, tip es tpmi S/he/it is breaking (s.t.). nes tpmi, es tpmi qs tpmi S/he/it is going to break (s.t.). iqs tpmi, qs tpmi tip They broke (s.t.). qe tip, p tip es tpmi They are breaking (s.t.). qe es tpmi, pes tpmi qs tpmi They are going to break (s.t.). qeqs tpmi, pqs tpmi tnts S/he/it broke s.t. tntn, tnte tntes They broke s.t. qe tntm, tntp ttip It shattered. it shatter. ntpus S/he/it has a broken neck. n ntpus, ntpus ntpeys S/he/it has a broken tooth. n ntpeys, ntpeys nttpeys S/he/it has broken teeth. n nttpeys, nttpeys nteysis S/he/it broke s.o.s tooth. nteysn, nteysnt o nteysnt You broke my tooth. ha tnte qeasnu Did you break our mirror. tip u qp plate broke. t swe u tnts u qpe Who broke the plate? tntn u qpe I broke the plate. es til nse The window broke. tip u innse My
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window broke. ttip u innse My window broke into pieces. ip u inpumin My drum is broke (hide is torn).
shave
amsncut, amsncu shave ones self. amsncut S/he shaved. n amsncut, amsncut es amsncuti S/he is shaving. nes amsncut, es amsncuti qs amsncuti S/he is going to shave. iqs amsncut, qs amsncuti
mcu shave. pi shave/cut. (i.e., shaving wood.) pim S/he shaved/cut. n pim, pim es pii S/he is shaving/cutting. nes pii, es pii qs pii S/he is going to shave/cut. iqs pii, qs pii scpi lumber. rt.: pi shave/cut; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. palm shave/cut wood. ayqnm cut hair. See: cut.
shaver stn razor, shaver. suffix: ...tn means of/device. shaving cream ustn shaving cream. suffix: ...tn means of/device. shawl scowi shawl. she cni, cni It is his/hers/its; it is him/her/it. See: her. sheath si sheath.
snt For a gun.
shed
snlutn, snlutn woodshed. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
pep shed fur. es pepi It is shedding fur. es pep Its fur is shedded. nawpncut shed skin as a snake. es nawpncuti It is shedding its skin.
sheep
lmot sheep. (approximation to French word)
umnln, umn bighorn sheep ram, mountain sheep ram. nmqln, nmq bighorn sheep ewe, mountain sheep ewe. , o sheep.
s.t. something sheepskin sl sheepskin. (s.t.) something implied shelf sncqestn shelf. rt.: caq set; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: s middle, center; suffix: s.o. someone
Shetland pony sncasq shetland pony; small horse. shield e war shield. shin smqstn shin. suffix: aqstn leg. shine i shiny, flashy, sparkly.
i i Its shiny.
a related word.
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in water over ice (shiny surface, glazed surface). shine, bright. i Its bright. aa It got bright. mn flashlight. nae lit up the inside. amnscu something lit up (i.e. fire works, lightning, falling star; something that lights up the sky). aast lights in the sky. suffix: ast sky, day. awi, auye firefly (it flashes). cits nae Their house was all lit up. is dark, n face. (Also a name of a person.) See: glossy.
shinny
plemi shinny game. sume shinny ball; ball. sint sume Hit the ball!
shiras moose sslqs moose. shirt snacyt, snac shirt. rt.: ac tie; suffix: yt shoulder.
nacyt Put on your shirt. (comm.) salqs good shirt. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. salqs bad shirt. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. ssta sleeve. uca short sleeve. siyalqs buckskin shirt. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. sinmi womans holyshirt; womans war shirt. silqs mans holy shirt for war; shirt with holes. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. spplsa, spplsa mans traditional buckskin war shirt. sppa white buckskin shirt. sppqe white buckskin shirt. salqs You have a good shirt. es nsalqs His/her shirt is on backwards. nupanm put the arm inside. rt.: um Stab, sting. See: inside.
shiver
almim shiver. rt.: all flutter/shake. See: shake. es alpmi S/he is shivering. nes alpmi, es alpmi es alpmi They are shivering. qe es alpmi, pes alpmi almstm S/he it was made to shiver. o almstm, almstm lalmu The individual that always shivers. suffix: mu the individual who always does. almin
sho
shoe
ein moccasin, shoe, boot, etc. rt.: e put inside; suffix: in foot. lit. anything that is
wore on the foot where the foot fits inside.
es enmi S/he is putting on shoes. nes enmi, es enmi qs enmi S/he is going to put on shoes. iqs enmi, qs enmi 385
aisqetn, aisq horseshoe. suffix: ...tn means of/device. See: horseshoe. eni Put your shoes on. (comm.) t suys u acnts u eis his/her mother tied his/her shoes. ssn shoe; hard sole shoe. rt.: as hard; suffix: in, n foot. sssn shoes. spin slippers, sandles, anything you slip on. rt.: p slip over; suffix: in, n foot. ppnim remove footwear. rt.: pim remove, free. es ppnmi S/he is removing his/her footwear. nes ppnmi, es ppnmi qs ppnmi S/he is going to remove his/her footwear. iqs ppnmi, qs ppnmi es ppin S/he is barefoot. nes ppin, es ppin ppni Remove your footwear. (comm.) mant assasn Take your shoes off.
shoelace
accn shoelace.
accn lacing that wraps around; laces back and forth. See: line. See: wrap es aa Its interlaced, crosses over.
shoot
apsq shoot people. apntes S/he shot it. apnten, apnte apntes They shot it. qe apntem, apntep apntm S/he was shot. o apntem api Shoot. (comm.) naapet shoot in the water. em apntes S/he will shoot you. em apnten, em apnte em apntes They will shoot it. em qe apntem, em apntep em apncis S/he will shoot you. em apncis They will shoot you. apncis S/he shot you. apncin I shot you. apncis They shot you. api to Shoot straight. em apncin I will shoot you. apnts u puw u t intu My mother shot the deer.
i gun blast. il Shooting around. lilil hear shooting.
shooting star
ncc shooting star.

awitaw shooting star. likk spqis shooting star flower. lit. roosters head.
Shoshone shore
snuwepcn, snuwe Shoshone. snuwepcn, snuwe Lemi band of the Shoshone. mcne shore.
scin shore. npapan, npapa dirt river bank; dirt cliff. es npapan Its a dirt bank.
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short
ice short in length. icaqstn short legged person. suffix: aqstn leg.
icet short person. ttwi short, not enough. es ttwi S/he doesnt have enough. nes ttwi, es ttwi
short-eared owl shot ap shoot.
n short-eared owl.
ilip wounded/shot. See: wound. uanm stab or give a shot in the arm. uais S/he gave s.o. a shot in the arm. uan, uant es uanms S/he is giving s.o. a shot in the arm. ies uanm, as uanm qs uanms S/he is going to give s.o. a shot in the arm. iqs uanm, aqs uanm uantm S/he/it got a shot/stabbed in the arm. uant Give him/her a shot in the arm. (comm.) uancut give ones self a shot in the arm. uancut S/he gave his/herself a shot in the arm. n uancut, uancut es uancuti S/he is giving his/herself a shot in the arm. nes uancuti, es uancuti qs uancuti S/he is going to give his/herself a shot in the arm. iqs uancuti, qs uancuti uwepnentm S/he/it got a shot/stabbed in the hip.
should
ime it should be. ime scinm You should talk good. ime yustmst You should admire it. ime int You should be afraid. ime nunnemnt anppot You should believe your elders. ime e You should hurry. ime tlctist Be proud of your accomplishments. ime scinm You should talk good.
e you should. e cunt u mal ini You should tell Mary to eat.
shoulder
snmyt, snm shoulder. snmmyt, snmm shoulders.
nmeyt shrug the shoulder. rt.: mo bump; suffix: yt shoulder. See: shrug. nmmeyt S/he shruged the shoulders. n nmmeyt, nmmeyt nmmeyt Shrug your shoulders. (comm.)
shoulder blade shout
se blade.
yt shoulder blade. oim yell out; to shout out. (i.e. a war cry) See: yell.
tspmnc sound of shouting voices. wm yell, holler; talk shouting. See: holler.
shove shovel
up push, shove. See: push. nqotytn, nqot shovel. rt.: qwet step; suffix: yt shoulder.
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amn shovel for scraping. (i.e., shoveling snow) rt.: a scrape. See: scrape. nes ai t smet Im scraping (shoveling) snow.
show
t show someone. mmi S/he showed. mnt You show. et Show them, him, her, it. uy sa et Go Rabbit show him.
scac movie, show. rt.: ac watch; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. See: watch. sac good movie. sac bad movie. snactn television, movie house. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. e explain; tell; show. See: explain.
show house
of/device.
snactn show house, drive-in, TV. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
show-off
emsct show off; snobby; arrogant; stuck-up. emsct S/he/it was showing off. n emsct, n emsct es emscti S/he/it is showing off. nes emscti, nes emscti es emscti S/he/it is going show off. nes emscti, nes emscti es emscuti They are being snobby. qe es emscti, pes emscti qe q emsctn Well show off.
amsct, amsc conceited; always looking at ones self. amsct S/he was conceited. n amsct, amsct es amscti S/he is being conceited. nes amsct, es amscti qs amscti S/he is going to be conceited. iqs amsct, qs amscti amscut They were conceited. qe amsct, p amsct es amscti They are being conceited. qe es amsct, pes amscti qs amscti They are going to be conceited. qeqs amsct, pqs amscti sisisct a smart aleck; smarty; know-it-all; show-off. See: smart. es sisiscti S/he is being a smart aleck. nes sisiscti, es sisiscti scut show off.
shred
iqt shred. niqps tore/raggy pants. qcip cramp or shrink. qcmis S/he shrunk s.t. qcmin, qcmint qcmis They shrunk s.t. qe qcmintm, qcmintp nmeyt shrug the shoulders. rt.: mo bump; suffix: yt shoulder. nmeyt S/he shrugged his/her shoulders. n nmeyt, nmeyt es nmeyt His/her shoulders are shrugged. nes nmeyt, es nmeyt nmeyt Shrug your shoulders. (comm.)
es il Its ripped/tore. See: rip.
shrink shrug
shut np close a hinged door. shut-up up quiet. See: quiet.

up Be quiet. (comm.)
See: close.
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ucn not say anything. See: quiet. ucn Dont say anything. (comm.) hoycn quit talking. See: quiet. hoycn Quit talking. (comm.)
shy
yaa shy, reserved. ies yaaminm I am reserved with him/her. yasqeli shy/reserved of people. es yasqeli S/he is shy of people. nes yasqeli, es yasqeli e ashamed. See: ashamed.
si
sibling sick
snsi Sibling; brother, sister, cousin. prefix: sn fellow; member of; rt.: ssilt
offspring.
snssi Siblings; brothers, sisters, cousins. alls, al ill, sick. rt.: al ache. alls S/he/it was sick. n alls, alls es allsi S/he/it is sick. nes allsi, es allsi qs allsi S/he/it is going to be sick. iqs allsi, qs allsi alels They were sick. qe alls, p alls es alelsi They are sick. qe es allsi, pes allsi qs alelsi They are going to be sick. qeqs allsi, pqs allsi
als sick to the stomach. (i.e. heartburn, ate to much) als S/he/it was sick. n als, als es alsi S/he/it is sick. nes alsi, es alsi qs alsi S/he/it is going to be sick. iqs alsi, qs alsi aels They was sick. qe als, p als es aelsi They are sick. qe es alsi, pes alsi qs aelsi They are going to be sick. qeqs alsi, pqs alsi ca hurt, sick. als hurting inside; sick (in ones mind). mit sick, dying. es miti S/he is dying sick. nes miti, es miti es ttuli S/he is really sick; laying down sick for along time. talsm have a burning inside your stomach. (i.e. heartburn) rt.: ta Bitter; spicy. See:
nauseated.
esslsm sick to the stomach; nauseated. See: nauseated.
sick and tired nhels sick and tired; perturbed; disturbed. sickness sweyt sickness.
sal ache. See: ache.
See: disturbed.
side
ste side, half body. rt.: sut half; suffix: ee the inside of something, body. sttce sides.
nisut across the river. See: cross. ste i nisut What is that on the other side of the river? 389
schst, sch right hand. See: right side. siest, si left hand. See: left side. smimels front side. See: front. snmniut side. teniut, te something on the side to put stuff in; pouch on belt. naaniut hanging on the side (i.e., side panels on a dance outfit.)
sight
usqli, usq see people. See: see. aule sight see; look at the land/area/country. aulem S/he was sight seeing. n aulem, aulem es aulei S/he is sight seeing. nes aulei, es aulei qs aulei S/he is going to sight see. iqs aulei, qs aulei aulem They were sight seeing. qe aulem, p aulem es aulei They are sight seeing. qe es aulei, pes aulei qs aulei They are going to sight see. qeqs aulei, pqs aulei sal sign. (i.e., stop sign, street signs, etc.)
utw, utw see each other. See: see.
sight see
sign
nninm sign your name. stqs sign language.
signal
taq wave. See: wave. es taqi S/he is waving.
ieu tqs animal signs. (a childrens game) stqs sign language.
signature
nninm sign ones name. nninm S/he signed ones name. n nninm, nninm
niyustnm copy a name; write a name. niyusm S/he co-signed. n niyusm, niyusm es niyusi S/he is co-signing. nes niyusi, es niyusi qs niyusi S/he is going to co-sign. iqs niyusi, qs niyusi niyusm They co-signed. qe niyusm, p niyusm es niyusi They are co-signing. qe es niyusi, pes niyusi qs niyusi They are going to co-sign. qeqs niyusi, pqs niyusi niyusis S/he co-signed it. niyusn, niyusnt es niyusms S/he is co-signing it. ies niyusm, as niyusm qs niyusms S/he is going to co-sign it. iqs niyusm, aqs niyusm niyusis They co-signed it. qe niyusntm, niyusntp es niyusms They are co-signing it. qe es niyusm, es niyusmp qs niyusms They are going to co-sign it. qeqs niyusm, qs niyusmp niyutis S/he co-signed it for s.o. niyutn, niyutnt es niyutms S/he is co-signing it for s.o. ies niyutm, as niyutm qs niyutms S/he is going to co-sign it for s.o. iqs niyutm, aqs niyutm niyutis They co-signed it for s.o. qe niyutntm, niyutntp es niyutms They are co-signing it for s.o. qe es niyutm, es niyutmp qs niyutms They are going to co-sign it for s.o. qeqs niyutm, qs niyutmp
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sign language silent
stqs sign language. ha es yost u stqs Do you know sign language? i ucn silent. See: quiet.
n stoic; serious; look mean. See: serious.
silver i pa ululim silver. lit. faded metal. similar ei similar to. See: like. sin tiye really bad; sin. sinew tin sinew; tendons.
seyi strip of sinew the back; back strap.
sing
nnem sing. nnem S/he sang. n nnem, nnem es nneyi S/he is singing. nes nneyi, es nneyi qs nneyi S/he is going to sing. iqs nneyi, qs nneyi nnem They sang. qe nnem, p nnem es nneyi They are singing. qe es nneyi, pes nneyi qs nneyi They are going to sing. qeqs nneyi, pqs nneyi neis S/he sang it. nen, nent es nnems S/he is singing it. ies nnem, as nnem qs nnems S/he is going to sing it. iqs nnem, aqs nnem neis They sang it. qe nentm, nentp es nnems They are singing it. qe es nnem, es nnemp qs nnems They are going to sing it. qeqs nnem, qs nnemp snnem somebody who sing; a singer. prefix: s one who does. snnnem Singers. prefix: s one who does. lm Song. nneyi Sing. (comm.) nnneywi Each one of you sing. (comm.) e es nnei Theyre already singing. nnem u sqli The people sang.
nqnestm sing a song from an animal. nqnestis S/he sang a song from an animal. nqnestn, nqnestnt es nqnestms S/he is sing a song from an animal. ies nqnestm, as nqnestm qs nqnestms S/he is going to sing a song from an animal. iqs nqnestm, aqs nqnestm ies nqnestm ci salin Im singing the cranes song. nqnecnm, nqncinm sing a song from a person. nqnecis S/he sang a song from s.o. nqnecn, nqnecnt es nqnecnms S/he is sing a song from s.o. ies nqnecnm, as nqnecnm qs nqnecnms S/he is going to sing a song from s.o. iqs nqnecnm, aqs nqnecnm
singer single sink
snnem singer. snnnem (pl.) prefix: s one who does. nu one, single. See: one. snuqpe, snuqp sink to wash dishes.
nqs iit single knife.
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net sink. rt.: e put inside.
Sioux sltlnu, nu Sioux. sip mtolm take a little sip. sister ie older sister of male or female.
ies His/her older sister. inie, anie ccu founger sister of male or female. ccusts his/her younger sister. inccu, anccu snsi brother/sister/cousin. snssi(pl.) rt.: ssilt offspring; prefix: sn fellow;
member of.
snsis hs/her brother/sister/cousin. isnsi, asnsi, snsis their brother/sister/cousin. qesnsi, snsimp ssm sister (general); women in the household. is sister-in-law of a female or male. scie foster older sister of male or female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. scccu foster younger sister of male or female. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made.
sister-in-law sit
is sister-in-law of a female or male. nitn brother- or sister-in-law after death/separation/divorce of sibling. emt one person sitting down. emt S/he/it sat. n emt, emt es emti S/he/it is sitting. nes emti, es emti qs emti S/he/it is going to be sitting. iqs emti, qs emti emt sit under something. emt S/he/it sat under. n emt, emt es emti S/he/it is sitting under. nes emti, es emti qs emti S/he/it is going to be sitting under. iqs emti, qs emti snemutn Chair. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snemut The one someone sits with. prefix: n... gether with. nemts wait for something. rt.: emut sit; suffix: s middle, center. See: wait. amtalm sit under a tree. rt.: emut sit; suffix: al wood. mts, mt ride/straddle something (one person). R.t.: emut sit.; suffix: s middle,
center. See: ride.
emtupsm keep someone from doing something; to hold someone back. rt.: emut sit;
suffix: ups, ps butt, tail. See: hold back.
swe ici assam u emut Who is that sitting next to you? t swe u es emutmms Who is sitting by you? swe u emut ashest Who is that sitting to your right? s.t. something emcnetm sit by the water. emcnetm S/he/it sat by the water. n emcnetm, emcnetm es emcneti S/he/it is sitting by the water. nes emcneti, es emcneti qs emcneti S/he/it is going to be sitting by the water. iqs emcneti, qs emcneti nemtetm sit in the water. nemtetm S/he/it sat in the water. n nemtetm, nemtetm es nemteti S/he/it is sitting in the water. nes nemteti, es nemteti qs nemteti S/he/it is going to be sitting in the water. iqs nemteti, qs nemteti
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nemtus sit by the fire. nemtus S/he/it sat by the fire. n nemtus, nemtus es nemtusi S/he/it is sitting by the fire. nes nemtusi, es nemtusi qs nemtusi S/he/it is going to be sitting by the fire. iqs nemtusi, qs nemtusi mcne sit in the back. mcne S/he/it sat in the back. n mcne, mcne es mcne S/he/it is sitting in the back. nes mcne, es mcne qs mcne S/he/it is going to be sitting in the back. iqs mcne, qs mcne mut perched; sitting up high. mut S/he/it sat up high. n mut, mut es muti S/he/it is sitting up high. nes muti, es muti qs muti S/he/it is going to be sitting up high. iqs muti, qs muti aet many people sitting. aet They were sitting around. qe aet, p aet es aeti They are sitting around. qe es aeti, pes aeti qs aeti They are going to be sitting around. qeqs aeti, pqs aeti es aaeti each group is sitting around. snatn couch. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. autsm, aut ride/straddle something (several people). R.t.: ayewt sit of several people;
suffix: s middle, center. See: ride.
at many people sitting around; said in a derogative manner. le u at These people are just sitting around right here; said in a derogative manner. aql, a sit down; in the motion of sitting down. aql You sat down. n aql, aql es aqli S/he is sitting down. nes aqli, es aqli qs aqli S/he is going to sit down. iqs aqli, qs aqli aqlmis S/he sat down by s.o. aqlmn, aqlmnt aqlmis They sat down by s.o. qe aqlmntm, aqlmntp ql Sit down. (comm.) itisi aql Big Blanket sat down. em n aql I will sit down. em aql S/he/it will sit down. o aqlmnt Sit down by me. (comm.) aqq more than one person to sit down; people in the motion of sitting down. aqq They sat down. qe aqq, p aqq es aqqi They are sitting down. qe es aqqi, pes aqqi qs aqqi They are going to sit down. qeqs aqqi, pqs aqqi aqqwi All of you sit down. (comm.) nmes sitting by each other. es nmes They are sitting by each other. qe es nmes, pes nmes es nmes Each group is sitting by each other. (i.e, on bleachers at a game) pt round objects lying/sitting around. ie scmlml e esllm pt There were clumps left lying all over.
six
n six. upn e n sixteen. n six people. nst prefix indicating six when combined with a suffix or circumfix to form a full word.
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nstst six days. suffix: ast sky, day. nste six houses. suffix: e house. nnstep six eggs. circumfix: nep egg. nstsn six rocks. suffix: sn rock. nnste six-shooter, pistol. suffix: ee inside hollow object, body. n prefix indicating six added to a whole word. nupn sixty, six tens. nsqe, nsq six domestic animals or cars. The is dropped when preceding an s.
sixty nupn sixty, six tens. six hundred tnnoqn, tnnoq six hundred. size stunt bigness.
in stunts u asnn What size are your socks.
skate
nllintn roller skates. suffix: ...tn means of/device. llintn skate board. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
pepi ice skate. See: ice skate.
skeleton
spas, spas animal skeleton. sqliso human skeleton.
Skidoo Bay oene Skidoo Bay. skillet snmn skillet, frying pan.
instrument/tool.
rt.: a fry; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: min, mn
snpustn, snpu cooking pan, boiling pot. rt.: npus boil.
skin
ett hide, skin, pelt.
cim skin hoofed animals. cim S/he skinned. n cim, cim es cmi S/he is skinning. nes cmi, es cmi qs cmi S/he is going to skin. iqs cmi, qs cmi cim They skinned. qe cim, p cim es cmi They are skinning. qe es cmi, pes cmi qs cmi They are going to skin. qeqs cmi, pqs cmi cnts S/he skinned it. cntn, cnt es cims S/he is skinning it. nes cim, es cim qs cims S/he is going to skin it. iqs cim, qs cim cntes They skinned it. qe cntm, cntp es cims They are skinning it. qe es cim, es cimp qs cims They are going to skin it. qeqs cim, qs cimp cntn u m u innn u cqeis. I skinned it and my wife sliced it and dried it. suwalm skin non-hoofed animals. suwalm S/he skinned. n suwalm, suwalm es suwali S/he is skinning. nes suwali, es suwali qs suwali S/he is going to skin. iqs suwali, qs suwali awep skin; peel the skin off. (i.e., mink, ferret, rabbit, etc.) awep S/he peeled the skin off. n awep, awep es awepi S/he is peeling the skin off. nes awepi, es awepi
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qs awepi S/he is going to peel the skin off. iqs awepi, qs awepi es awepi t e S/he is peeling the ferret. ulil, uli Deer hide.
skinny
s, Poor, lean, skinny. rt.: as hard. i s S/he/it is thin. lit. the surface is hard.
qqe narrow. qqee S/he has a skinny body. suffix: ee the inside of something, body. qqasq skinny person.
skip
qqetsnim skip. qqetsnim S/he skipped. n qqetsnim, qqetsnim es qqetsnmi S/he is skipping. nes qqetsnmi, es qqetsnmi qs qqetsnmi S/he is going to skip. iqs qqetsnmi, qs qqetsnmi qqetsnim They skipped. qe qqetsnim, p qqetsnim es qqetsnmi They are skipping. qe es qqetsnmi, pes qqetsnmi qs qqetsnmi They are going to skip. qeqs qqetsnmi, pqs qqetsnmi qqetsni Skip. (comm.)
tetetm skip on the water. es tetetms S/he is skipping it on the water. tatasqet skip a rock on water. suffix: et, t liquid. tatasqetm S/he skipped a rock. n tatasqetm, tatasqetm es tatasqeti S/he is skipping a rock. nes tatasqeti, es tatasqeti qs tatasqeti S/he is going to skip a rock. iqs tatasqeti, qs tatasqeti ces skip past something, skip over something, skip something. (i.e., skipping numbers in
counting, etc.) rt.: ect pass.
skipper ntlace Water skipper (insect). skirt itpalqs, itpa dress; skirt. skull sqlisoyaqn skull. skunk stye skunk. skunk cabbage timu yellow skunk cabbage. sky smst sky; heaven. suffix: ast sky, day.
i pst It is a clear sky (no clouds). suffix: ast sky, day. inst blue sky. suffix: ast sky, day. i li It is sunny.
slap
qosusm slap in the face. qosusis S/he slapped s.o.s face. qosusn , qosusnt es qosusms S/he is slapping s.o.s face. ies qosusm, as qosusm qs qosusms S/he is going to slap s.o.s face. iqs qosusm, aqs qosusm qosusis They slapped s.o.s face. qe qosusntm , qosusntp es qosusms They are slapping s.o.s face. qe es qosusm, es qosusmp qs qosusms They are going to slap s.o.s face. qeqs qosusm, qs qosusmp qosusntm S/he was slapped. o qosusntm, qosusntm
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qs qosusms S/he is going to slap you. a the sound of a slap.
slaughter plsqaem kill domestic animals. sled snoaistn sled.

oaist, oai slide, sled. oaist S/he sled. n oaist, oaist es oaisti S/he is sledding. nes oaisti, es oaisti qs oaisti S/he is going to sled. iqs oaisti, qs oaisti aanct coast, slide. See: slide. cciu sleigh. See: sleigh.
sledge hammer
of/device.
ntaqintn sledge hammer. rt.: ntaqin hit on top; suffix: tn means
sleep
it sleep. it S/he/it slept. n it, it es iti S/he/it is sleeping. nes iti, es iti qs iti S/he/it is going to sleep. iqs iti, qs iti eit They slept. qe eit, p eit es eiti They are sleeping. qe es eiti, pes iti qs eiti They are going to sleep. qeqs eiti, pqs iti es iiti S/he/it is sleeping a little while. nes iiti, es iiti See: nap. etmn someone who always sleeps; someone who sleeps too much. snittn bedroom. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snittn bed. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. up es iti Be quiet s/he is sleeping.
iti sleepy. See: sleepy. usminm lose sleep over something; to be worried. es usminm S/he is losing sleep over s.t./s.o. ies usminm, as usminm qs usminm S/he is going to lose sleep over s.t./s.o. iqs usminm, aqs usminm es usminm S/he is losing sleep over s.t./s.o. ies usminm, as usminm qs usminm S/he is going to lose sleep over s.t./s.o. iqs usminm, aqs usminm nposntm got gummed up eyes; slept late. o nposntm I got gummed eyes; I slept late.
Sleeping Child snetet Sleeping Child. sleep walker qis have nightmare, bad dream. sleepy iti sleepy.
See: nightmare.
it S/he/it was sleepy. n it, it es iti S/he/it is sleepy. nes iti, es iti qs iti S/he/it going to be sleepy. iqs iti, qs iti eit There were sleepy. qe eit, p eit es eiti There are sleepy. qe es eiti, pes eiti qs eiti There are going to be sleepy. qeqs eiti, pqs eiti es eeiti Each one is sleepy. qe es eeiti, p es eeiti
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sleet
stnco sleet. es pnco Its raining slush. (rain mixed with snow) See: slush.
sopi sleet. es opi Its sleeting.
sleeve
spsta sleeve. uca short sleeve. cciu sleigh.
ptptani Roll up your sleeves. (comm.)
sleigh slice
lm slice meat for drying. lm S/he sliced meat. n lm, lm es li S/he is slicing meat. nes li, es li qs li S/he is going to slice meat. iqs li, qs li elm They sliced meat. qe lm, p lm es eli They are slicing meat. qe es li, pes li qs eli They are going to slice meat. qeqs li, pqs li lis S/he sliced the meat. ln, lnt es lms S/he is slicing the meat. ies lm, as lm qs lms S/he is going to slice the meat. iqs lm, aqs lm elis They sliced the meat. qe lntm, lntp es elms They are slicing the meat. qe es lm, es lmp qs elms They are going to slice the meat. qeqs lm, qs lmp em iqs elm I will prepare it for drying; I will slice it. u stes es eli u es cqei Those people sliced and dried meat. cntn u m u innn u cqeis. I skinned it and my wife sliced it and dried it.
slide
aanct, aanc coast, slide. aanct S/he/it slid. n aanct, aanct es aancti S/he/it is sliding. nes aancti, es aancti qs aancti S/he/it is going to slide. iqs aancti, qs aancti aancut They slid. qe aanct, p aanct es aancuti They are sliding. qe es aancti, pes aancti qs aancuti They are going to slide. iqs aancti, qs aancti aanct Slide. (comm.) aanctwi All of you slide. (comm.) snaanctn slide. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
napaqs slide down the road. oai sliding, sledding. See: sled. amnct move ones self over; slide over. amnct S/he/it slid over. n amnct, amnct es amncti S/he/it is sliding over. nes amncti, es amncti qs amncti S/he/it is going to slid over. iqs amncti, qs amncti amncut They slid over. qe amnct, p amnct es amncuti They are sliding over. qe es amncti, pes amncti qs amncuti They are going to slid over. qeqs amncti, pqs amncti amnct Slide over. (comm.) amnctwi All of you slide over. (comm.) 397
camnct Slide over to me. (comm.) amis Move it over. amim move/slide something. See: move. amis ci nu Move it over to the next one. amis t esel Move it over two. pepi ice skate. See: ice skate.
slimy muddler stt slimy muddler, slimy sculpin. sling shot sntatasqe sling shot. slip pip It slipped away. rt.: pim remove, free.
es aosi snasq a e u a u ppus The hackamore slipped off the horse. api slip. i o Its slippery. i nolqs slippery road. italqs, ita under clothing; slip for a dress. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
slipper slippery
spin slippers, sandles, anything you slip on. rt.: p slip over; suffix: in,
n foot.
i o Its slippery. i o The surface is slippery. ole slippery ground. i ole The ground is slippery. i noqs The road is slippery. o lep The floor is slick. ie i o u suymt Ice is slippery.
slit ni Str. rt., cut, slice, saw. See: cut. slither yanan wiggle. See: wiggle.
i yana It slithers. yana Worm.
sliver
hand.
uwest get a sliver in the hand/finger. rt.: um pierce with sharp object; suffix: est
uwestmntm S/he got a sliver. o uwestmntm, uwestmntm uwestmis S/he poked s.o.s hand/finger. uwestmn, uwestmnt
slobber slope slow
nawpcin drool; slobber. See: drool. esulpu downward slope.

llt upward slope. ept slow. ept S/he/it is slow. n ept, ept sim ept Slowest.
i go slow. i i i Slow a little. sast slow day.
slowpoke
nnt be a slowpoke. 398
nni S/he was poking around, S/he was being a slowpoke. nnl S/he was poking around, S/he was being a slowpoke.
slush
es pnco Its raining slush. (rain mixed with snow) es opi It is sleeting.
sm
small
ume little, small. nl little house. u sym nume Which is the smallest?
small pox spact chicken pox, small pox. smart ppt smart, clever, have knowledge, have wisdom.
es pptwili S/he is getting smart. nes pptwili, es pptwili sppt That which is guidance, wisdom and smarts; spirit. sisyus Smart, clever, good at something. sisyus S/he is smart. n sisyus, sisyus u sisyus those smart ones. it u sisyus eil There are lots of smart, powerful medicine men. swe u sisyus Who is smart? siscut act better/smarter; show off. siscut S/he acted better. n siscut, siscut es siscuti S/he is acting better. nes siscuti, es siscuti qs siscuti S/he is going to act better. iqs siscuti, qs siscuti siscut They acted better. qe siscut, p siscut es siscuti They are acting better. qe es siscuti, pes siscuti qs siscuti They are going to act better. qeqs siscuti, pqs siscuti sisisct act better; to be smarty; be a know-it-all; to show-off. sisisct S/he was being a smart aleck. n sisisct, sisisct es sisiscti S/he is being a smart aleck. nes sisiscti, es sisiscti qs sisiscti S/he is going to be a smart aleck. iqs sisiscti, qs sisiscti sisiscut They were being smart alecks. qe sisisct, p sisisct es sisiscuti They are being smart alecks. qe es sisiscti, pes sisiscti qs sisiscuti They are going to be smart alecks. qeqs sisiscti, pqs sisiscti tam u smart, extremely good, intelligent, clever. See: good. wil wicked, thieving. wilwt Being smart in a sly way. u wilwt u o namis Those sly ones stole from me.
smash
c smash, mash. cis S/he smashed s.t. cn, cnt es cms S/he is smashing s.t. ies cm, as cm qs cms S/he is going to smash s.t. iqs cm, aqs cm ocis They smashed s.t. qe cntm, cntp es cms They are smashing s.t. qe es cm, es cmp qs cms They are going to smash s.t. qeqs cm, qs cmp
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ct Its mashed. cnt Smash it. (comm.) ocst S/he smashed his/her hand. n ocst, ocst cnt u smqin Mash the brains. cn isumst I smashed my thumb. es tmwl Smashed.
smear
mi smear, rub something. i mi Its smeared. miis S/he smeared it. min, mint miis They smeared it. qe mintm, mintp mimn butter. mmin smear something on the feet. mminm S/he/it smeared its feet. n mminm, mminm es mmini S/he/it is smearing its feet. nes mmini, es mmini qs mmini S/he/it is going to smear its feet. iqs mmini, qs mmini mmist smear something on the hands. mmistm S/he/it smeared its hands. n mmistm, mmistm es mmisti S/he/it is smearing its hands. nes mmisti, es mmisti qs mmisti S/he/it is going to smear its hands. iqs mmisti, qs mmisti mistmn I smeared you. mmin t Crap smeared on both feet. e cuy qs mmisti When s/he comes s/he will smear his/her hands.
smell
sum smell something. smsum S/he/it smelled. n smsum, smsum es smsui S/he/it is smelling. nes smsui, es smsui qs smsui S/he/it is going to smell. iqs smsui, qs smsui smsum They smelled. qe smsum, p smsum es smsui They are smelling. qe es smsui, pes smsui qs smsui They are going to smell. qeqs smsui, pqs smsui suis S/he/it smelled s.t. sun, sunt es sums S/he/it is smelling s.t. ies sum, as sum qs sums S/he/it is going to smell s.t. iqs sum, aqs sum suis They smelled s.t. qe suntm, suntp es sums They are smelling s.t. qe es sum, es sump qs sums They are going to smell s.t. qeqs sum, qs sump sui Smell. (comm.) sunt You smell it. (comm.) nsunt Smell the water/liquid. (comm.) nsu smell liquids. nsum S/he/it smelled liquid. n nsum, nsum es nsui S/he/it is smelling liquid. nes nsui, es nsui qs nsui S/he/it is going to smell liquid. iqs nsui, qs nsui nsuis S/he/it smelled the liquid. nsun, nsunt es nsums S/he/it is smelling the liquid. ies nsum, as nsum qs nsums S/he/it is going to smell the liquid. iqs nsum, aqs nsum es susawqsi sniffing the air. (Animals often do this when they put their nose up and look for a smell,
when they are being alert.)
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es sulei It is smelling the ground. suffix: ule land. o sunt Smell me. ha aqs sum Are you going to smell it? nsoqs sniff something. circumfix: naqs nose, road. See: sniff. aq suffix indicating a smell. saq S/he/it smells good. n saq, saq saq S/he/it smells bad. n saq, saq siqq berry, fruit, raisin. rt.: iq ready, ripe; suffix: aq smell. saq, sa huckleberry. rt.: i sweet; suffix: aq smell. elsaq smell good like something. elsaq smell bad like something. elaq smell like something. sq u s The huckleberries smell good. elsaq t se You smell good like a flower. is smelly; the smell of fish. i is S/he/it is smelly. i n is, i is isp smelly lips/face, fishy smell. See: lip. iwey smell of animal in rut. n smell rotten; the smell of rotten meat, excrement. i n Its smells rotten. i n sqet Rotten meat. t tisi u o its t in sqet Big Blanket gave me rotten meat. ha i n Did you mess; are you smelly? pu smell bad; to be stink. i pu S/he/it smells. i n pu, i pu pup S/he/it smells/stinks. n pup, pup pup They smell/stink. qe pup, p pup ppnuis S/he/it finally smelled s.t. ppnun, ppnunt ppnunt Smelled it. (comm.) ppnwe They smelled each other. qe ppnwe, p ppnwe ppnuncn I smell you. ha p ppnwe t isu Did you folks smell my fart? i smell like smoke. i i S/he/it smells like smoke. i n i, i i
smile
nus smile, grin. es nusi S/he/it is smiling. nes nusi, es nusi qs nusi S/he/it is going to smile. iqs nusi, qs nusi es ntusi S/he/it is smiling a little. nes ntusi, es ntusi nusi Smile, grin. (comm.) ta qes nusm i n Dont smile, look real mean.
oynct smile; laugh a little. oynct S/he laughed a little. n oynct, oynct es oyncti S/he is laughing a little. nes oyncti, es oyncti qs oyncti S/he is going to laugh a little. iqs oyncti, qs oyncti oynct Smile (little laugh) (comm.)
401
smoke
smot smoke. i mot Its smoky. motule smoky land. es motulei Its smoky all over.
momotus have smoke in the eyes. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. motus have smoke in one eye. momotus S/he/it had smoke in the eyes. n momotus, momotus es momotusi S/he/it is getting smoke in the eyes. nes momotusi, es momotusi qs momotusi S/he/it is going to get smoke in the eyes. iqs momotusi, qs momotusi m smoke something. (i.e., tobacco, etc.) me S/he smoked. n me, me es mei S/he is smoking. nes mei, es mei qs mei S/he is going to smoke. iqs mei, qs mei me They smoked. qe me, p me es mei They are smoking. qe es mei, pes mei qs mei They are going to smoke. qeqs mei, pqs mei es mnmei S/he is smoking and smoking. nes mnmei, es mnmei mnemn someone who always likes to smoke. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. snm, snm smoking pipe. iqs is mei I going to go smoke. mnemn You smoke a lot. i smell like smoke. i i S/he/it smells like smoke. i n i, i i umlm smoke buckskin. rt.: um orange; suffix: el skin/hide. umlm S/he smoke buckskin. n umlm, umlm es umli S/he is smoking buckskin. nes umli, es umli qs umli S/he is going to smoke buckskin. iqs umli, qs umli scuml smoked hide. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared.
smoke alarm liwmn smt smoke alarm. smooth a smooth texture.

i a Its smooth. aqine mushroom, morel. i flat, even, smooth. See: flat.
smother smudge
tqep smother.
tupes, tup winded/out of breath. See: winded. npamqstn smudge; a plant used to purify ones self referred to as smudge.
juniper, cedar, sweetgrass, etc.) suffix: ...tn means of/device.
npamqsm S/he/it smudged. n npamqsm, npamqsm es npamqsi S/he/it is smudging. nes npamqsi, es npamqsi qs npamqsi S/he/it is going to smudge. iqs npamqsi, aqs npamqsi npamqsis S/he/it smudged s.o. npamqsn, npamqsnt es npamqsms S/he/it is smudging s.o. ies npamqsm, as npamqsm qs npamqsms S/he/it is going to smudge s.o. iqs npamqsm, aqs npamqsm
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone (i.e. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
402
npamqsnt Smudge him/her. (comm.)
smutt
nmim flick with the finger; smutt; place a bet down as in flicking down a card or money. nmim S/he flicked. n nmim, nmim es nmmi S/he is flicking. nes nmmi, es nmmi qs nmmi S/he is going to flick. iqs nmmi, qs nmmi nmim They flicked. qe nmim, p nmim es nmmi They are flicking. qe es nmmi, pes nmmi qs nmmi They are going to flick. qeqs nmmi, pqs nmmi mim S/he hit with finger. n mim, mim es mmi S/he is hitting with finger. nes mmi, es mmi qs mmi S/he is going to hit with finger. iqs mmi, qs mmi mntes S/he hit s.o./s.t. with the finger. mnten, mnte es mims S/he is hitting s.o./s.t. with the finger. ies mim, as mim qs mims S/he is going to hit s.o./s.t. with the finger. iqs mim, aqs mim mntes They hit s.o./s.t. with the finger. qe mntem, mntep es mims They are hitting s.o./s.t. with the finger. qe es mim, es mimp qs mims They are going to hit s.o./s.t. with the finger. qeqs mim, qs mimp mmmu The individual that always hits with the finger/bets. suffix: mu the individual
who always does.
mi Flick your finger.(comm.) mint Flick s.o./s.t. with your finger. (comm.) mesm snap fingers. See: snap. musis S/he hit him/her with the finger in the face. musnt, musnt mesis S/he hit him/her with the finger on the forehead. mesn, mesnt mene S/he hit with the finger on the ear. nmawqn S/he hit with the finger on the top of the head.
snack snag
maqcan eat a little, fast; eat a snack. See: eat.
nl snag fish. See: hook. nl S/he snagged fish. n nl, nl es nl S/he is snagging fish. nes nl, es nl qs nl S/he is going to snag fish. iqs nl, qs nl witn ci sqltmi u n t tunt sw I saw the man who caught that big fish. ist i es n. My brother-in-law is the one who caught it.
ye Snag, dead tree, wood dry with age. es nain tree snag. ll dead tree. ci the falling down of something that stands. (i.e. tree, post, house, etc.) See: fall.
snail snake
ay cowry, snail, leech. rt.: am lightly suck. See: suck.
sewile snake; garter snake; general term for snake. eule rattlesnake. snu bull snake, gopher snake. npe green racer, blue racer, black racer.
ewile How snakes move. 403
snake dance
sninipmncu snake dance. ninipmnct S/he snake danced. n ninipmnct, ninipmnct es ninipmncti S/he is snake dancing. nes ninipmncti, es ninipmncti qs ninipmncti S/he is going to snake dance. iqs ninipmncti, qs ninipmncti ninipmncut They snake danced. qe ninipmnct, p ninipmnct es ninipmncuti They are snake dancing. qe es ninipmncti, pes ninipmncti qs ninipmncuti Theyre going to snake dance. qeqs ninipmncti, pqs ninipmncti ninipmstemn someone who always likes to snake dance. suffix: emn one who always
likes to do.
sninipmnsqin snake dance song. ninipmnct Snake dance. (comm.) ninipmnctwi All of you snake dance. (comm.) es ninipmnwelsi S/he wants to snake dance. es ninipmstemisti S/he is wanting to snake dance. nes ninipmstemisti, es ninipmstemisti es ninipmnsqiini S/he is singing a snake dance song. nes ninipmnsqiini, es ninipmnsqiini
snap
nmals snap eyes in disgust. nmalsmis S/he snapped eyes in disgust at s.o. nmalsmn, nmalsmnt nmalsmis They snapped eyes in disgust at s.o. qe nmalsmntm, nmalsmntp nmlmalsmis S/he snapped eyes in disgust at s.o. several times. nmlmalsmnt nmlmalsmn,
snmalsm somebody who snaps eyes at people. prefix: s one who does. nmlmalsmemn someone who always likes to snap eyes at people. suffix: emn one who
always likes to do.
nmalsmnt Snap eyes at s.o. (comm.) mesm snap fingers. Conjugate nmim flick with the finger; smutt; place a bet down as in flicking down a card or money.
See: smutt.
snare eyn snare; trap. sneak nmist, nmi run away; sneak away; leave; escape. sneak up on eetm sneak up on someone or something.
See: escape.
eetm S/he/it sneaked up on. n eetm, eetm es eeti S/he/it is sneaking up on. nes eeti, es eeti qs eeti S/he/it is going to sneak up on. iqs eeti, qs eeti eetm They sneaked up on. qe eetm, p eetm es eeti They are sneaking up on. qe es eeti, pes eeti qs eeti They are going to sneak up on. qeqs eeti, pqs eeti
sneeze
s sneeze. sm S/he sneezed. n sm, sm es si S/he is sneezing. nes si, es si qs si S/he is going to sneeze. iqs si, qs si si Sneeze. (comm.)
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o pusmis S/he thought of me. (said after you sneeze.) See: think. pusminc S/he thought of you. (said to someone after s/he sneezes.)
sneeze root sss false hellebore, sneeze root. sniff ntmaqsm suck/snort/sniffle through the nose.
circumfix: naqs nose, road.
(i.e. snot, drugs, etc.) rt.: um suck;
ntmaqsm S/he sniffled. n ntmaqsm, ntmaqsm es ntmaqsi S/he is sniffling. nes ntmaqsi, es ntmaqsi qs ntmaqsi S/he is going to sniffle. iqs ntmaqsi, qs ntmaqsi ntmaqsm They sniffled. qe ntmaqsm, p ntmaqsm es ntmaqsi They are sniffling. qe es ntmaqsi, pes ntmaqsi qs ntmaqsi They are going to sniffle. qeqs ntmaqsi, pqs ntmaqsi ntmaqsis S/he snorted s.t. ntmaqsn, ntmaqsnt es ntmaqsms S/he is sniffling. ies ntmaqsm, as ntmaqsm qs ntmaqsi S/he is going to sniffle. iqs ntmaqsm, qs ntmaqsm ntmaqsis They snorted s.t. qe ntmaqsntm, ntmaqsntp es ntmaqsms They are snorting s.t. qe es ntmaqsm, es ntmaqsmp qs ntmaqsms They are going to snort s.t. qeqs ntmaqsm, qs ntmaqsm ntmaqsnt Snort it. (comm.) nsoqs sniff something. circumfix: naqs nose, road. nsoqs S/he/it sniffed (s.t.). n nsoqs, nsoqs es nsoqsi S/he/it is sniffing (s.t.). nes nsoqsi, es nsoqsi qs nsoqsi S/he/it is going to sniff (s.t.). iqs nsoqsi, qs nsoqsi nsoqsis S/he/it sniffed s.t. nsoqsn, nsoqsnt es nsoqsms S/he/it is sniffing s.t. ies nsoqsm, as nsoqsm qs nsoqsms S/he/it is going to sniff s.t. iqs nsoqsm, aqs nsoqsm
snore
ols snore. ols S/he/it snored. n ols, ols es olsi S/he/it is snoring. nes olsi, es olsi qs olsi S/he/it is going to snore. iqs olsi, qs olsi ntmaqsm suck/snort/sniffle through the nose. (i.e. snot, drugs, etc.) See: sniff.
snort snot
snos snot. nosi Blow your nose. (comm.)
snostn Anything used to blow your nose; an device for snot. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
snosmn Anything used to blow your nose; a utensil for snot utensil. prefix: sn a place of;
suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool.
naaqstn nose wiper; anything used to wipe the nose. rt.: em wipe; suffix: ...tn means (s.t.) something
of/device.
s.t. something
nawawpaqs have a runny nose. es nawapaqsi S/he/it has a runny nose. nes nawapaqsi, es nawapaqsi
snow
smt snow on the ground. set little snow. (When the ground isnt all covered). es amti u smet The snow is melting. smtseys snowflake. smltsmet snowball. smtseli snowman.
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e u elsest u asmet How deep is your snow? mop snow. es mpmi Its snowing. smop age, year. mqinm It snowed on top. es mqini It is snowing on the mountain tops. mpmi ci esmmo Its snowing in the mountains. mi snow spot on mountain; snowed on the ridge. mmi snow spots on mountain. st deep snow. See: deep. es pnco Its raining slush. (rain mixed with snow) See: slush. es opii It is sleeting es ysi It is raining/snowing hard. pti snowdrift. satst, sat winters last atempt at a big snow storm. (In early spring, often indicated by
having snow on one side of s.t. such as trees or poles.)
nois spring snows, off and on snowing. titimule place of no snow during the winter. titimule no snow under something but snow is everywhere else. (i.e., trees, logs, etc.)
snow bunting t snow bunting. snow goose uu snow goose. snowball smltsmet snowball. snowberry stmtmni snowberry. snowdrift pti snowdrift. snowflake smtseys snowflake. snowman smtseli snowman. snowshoe sewn snow shoes; Bigfoot tracks.
swen Bigfoot, Sasquatch.
snowshoe hare s rabbit. snowy owl nsnm snowy owl. snub em detest/reject/snub something. soak uc soak.
uci, nuci soak.
See: detest.
soap
stn hand soap. suffix: ...tn means of/device. mn cloths soap. suffix: ...min, mn instrument/tool. stmtmni snowberry.
soap berry
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sock
snon, sn sock. es non S/he is wearing socks. nes non, es non noni Put your socks on. (comm.) ta snonm S/he had no socks.
soda-pop soft
ni pop, soda, juice, kool-aid; sweet liquid. nes susti t ni I am drinking pop. ep soft. i ep Its soft. p little soft. i p Its a little soft. nepmn down; down filling.
instrument/tool.
rt.: ep
soft; prefix: n inside; suffix: ...min, mn
ppm give a present to soothe/soften a bad relationship. rt.: ep soft. moc soft, squishy. mocst soft hands. ocst soft hand. cim fatty, smooth, soft. i cmup Its mellow, soft. p make soft. (i.e., hide tanning.) sp hole, den (as of a mouse or rat). rt.: p make soft; suffix: e house. e p m nte When its softened, you sew it up. e p, m unt When it is soften up, you rub it back and forth. yut rub, soften, make supple. es a It is something soft and squishy (i.e. excrement, person, brains, a wet hide, etc.); figuratively to feel tired and loose. See: pile.
softly
sestm do s.t. softly/gently. i sestmnt Do it softly/gently, pertaining to yourself. (comm.) sestmnt Do it softly/gently. (comm.) slte soldier.
soldier
other.
splstw warrior/soldier. rt.: puls kill; prefix: s one who does; suffix: we action to each seyl somebody who raids; a warrior. See: raid. inmsi woman warrior/soldier.
sole snminn bottom of foot or shoe. Soloman salwn Soloman. some it some, other, several.
it qs cu Some are coming. et tal u it e all Then the started to do the same. n ep te ei p tam it I have some like that but not many.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Figuratively others Fig. That is, i.e., See: - Redirection to a related word.
somebody
tswe somebody. 407
someday
tpiste someday. e tepiste someday. (more specific) e tna one day in the future.
Somers Somers. something tste something.

witn tste I saw something.
sometime somewhere son
alwi shows up once in awhile. See: infrequent. t somewhere.
t somewhere. ss son; of mother or father. sss (pl.) ss youngest son. es middle son or daughter. rt.: e put inside. itmilt first born son or daughter. scss foster son. prefix: sc s.t. thats been made. snltss godson. ss small boy. iss my son. tisi sss Big Blankets son.
song
lm song. llm (pl.) e es nnems u snwntn lm Theyre already singing the war dance song.
mtin personal song. inmtin my song. snsplqmnctn old warrior dance song. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
son-in-law
sn, snl Son-in-law. slp Son- or daughter-in-law after death of spouse.
soon ite soon. Sophie supi Sophie. sore ti get sore/stiff from being in one position.
ti S/he got stiff. n ti, ti es timi S/he is getting stiff. nes timi, es timi qs timi S/he is going to get stiff. iqs timi, qs timi ha e ti Are you stiff yet? Have you been there a long time? Is it time to go? al, a achy; to be sore; to be hurting; to be in pain. See: ache. n aast My hand is aching. calsi Hurting inside, sick (in ones mind). alsi Sick to your stomach. (i.e., heartburn, ate to much) i tender. (as, a sore spot) mmi tender footed horse. (sore footed) spct runny sore.
sorry
tam i sco I didnt mean to; Im sorry. 408
scoemn someone who is always sorry. suffix: emn one who always likes to do; prefix:
sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
soul
snps soul. isnps my soul. tspmnc sound of voices shouting.
es coteli It takes your soul; startled.
sound
tstsal make noise of a group. (i.e., children, birds) eunm make sound of people and animal voices; someone talking but in the distance but not being able to discern what is being said. eunm S/he made sounds. n eunm, eunm eunm They made sounds. qe eunm, p eunm eunis S/he/it said it. eunn, eunnt eunis They said it. qe eunntm, eunntp eeunm Each is making sounds. ceeunm hear people coming, talking. sneuncn sound of s.t./s.o. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. sneuntn sounds; song. suffix: ...tn means of/device. ste u sneuncis What is its sound? ste u sneuncn p What is the sound for the letter p? ie neuncnm u nosmi Dogs make sounds. nilcn Its a different sound. rt.: ilm Different; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth.
See: different.
n nlemn sec te u n susewne Im afraid of sounds in the dark. See: hear. pummm sound a car makes. a sound of a slap. lo lo o sound of a mouse scratching. putuie sound of a rooster cawing (cock-a-doodle-do). we sound a dog makes when barking. io sound of rushing water. pu sound of hitting a body. pppuwa pppuwa sound of thunder. sound of walking in snow. au sound of going fast; to go fast. See: fast.
soup
sst, ss soup. snssestn bowl. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
prefix: sc s.t. thats done/made/prepared; suffix: et, t liquid.
scnpet, scnpe soup, something put in the water. o scnpe chokecherry soup. sa scnpe huckleberry soup. mip sqet scnpe dry meat soup.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural been R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
sour
uy sour. i uy It is sour. 409
i nuy Its sour liquid. nuuys sour face; the face you get when you eat something sour.
south ale south. rt.: a hot; suffix: ule land. souvenir slmn souvenir. rt.: el store away.
sllscut, sllscu something kept for ones self. rt.: el store away; suffix: cut action to
the self.
sp
spaghetti
scney something broke into water; spaghetti. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
ooom spaghetti. scnmet something standing in water; spaghetti.

done/made/prepared prefix: sc s.t. thats been
spank
im spank. im S/he spanked. n im, im es mi S/he is spanking. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to spank. iqs mi, qs mi im They spanked. qe im, p im es mi They are spanking. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to spank. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he spanked s.o. nten, nte es ims S/he is spanking s.o. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to spank s.o. iqs im, aqs im ntes They spanked s.o. qe ntem, ntep es ims They are spanking s.o. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to spank s.o. qeqs im, qs imp es im S/he/it is being spanked. sim somebody who spanks. prefix: s one who does. mu the individual that always spanks. suffix: mu the individual who always does. i Spank. (comm.) int Spank him/her. (comm.) qs im You are going to be spanked.
si whip; hit someone all over with something. rt.: sim Strick w/ object; suffix: i
covered in. See: whip.
spark
i shiny, flashy, sparkely. i i Its shiny. in water over ice (shiny surface).
sparrow ososi sparrow. sparrow hawk yecic sparrow hawk; American kestrel. spawn es npti spawning. rt.: npt put/pour round objects in water. speak llt, l speak/talk.
See: pour.
410
llt S/he spoke. n llt, llt es llti S/he is speaking. nes llti, es llti qs llti S/he is going to speak. iqs llti, qs llti lelt They spoke. qe llt, p llt es lelti They are speaking. qe es llti, pes llti qs lelti They are going to speak. qeqs llti, pqs llti es lelstms S/he is speaking to s.o. ies lelstm, as lelstm qs lelstms S/he is going to speak to s.o. iqs lelstm, aqs lelstm es lelstms They are speaking to s.o. qe es lelstm, es lelstmp qs lelstms They are going to speak to s.o. qeqs lelstm, qs lelstmp lelstem S/he/it was spoken to. nletn language; the way an individual or family group speaks. suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
sle attorney; someone who talks; talker. prefix: s one who does. tas yostn u sli nlltis I dont know how to speak Salish. yonun iqs l t sqs I learned how to speak Kootenai. e tas is sust t kapi m ta qs l If S/he doesnt drink coffee, s/he cant talk. p ies lelstm I am speaking to you all. qe es letls S/he is speaking to us. es lelstm S/he is speaking to you. lelstem It talked to him. uwwl speak formally. uwwl S/he spoke. n uwwl, uwwl es uwwli S/he is speaking. nes uwwli, es uwwli qs uwwli S/he is going speak. iqs uwwli, qs uwwli uwewl They spoke. qe uwwl, p uwwl es uwewli They are speaking. qe es uwwli, pes uwwli qs uwewli They are going speak. qeqs uwwli, pqs uwwli uwwlm talk about. nuwewltn language; the way a people speaks. suffix: ...tn means of/device. se The crier. prefix: s one who does. swm someone who repeats what is said in the medicine dance. prefix: s one
who does.
ste u tam t seli u es uwewli Why are you not speaking Salish. ha ie uwewl t seli Do you speak Salish? mey u ie n uwewl I speak a little bit. tam e nes nsune i i m uwewl I Dont understand good, speak slowly. ta qeqs uwewlm u iniuyn Were not going to talk about my car. wm say/speak; pronounce; annunciate; saying words. See: say. cu say/speak to s.o. or s.t.; to inform; provide information about something. See: say. ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. See: talk. nmemecin have bothersome talk; talk too much. See: talk. scinm talk good. See: talk. scinm talk bad. See: talk. acin spoke up (once in a while). See: talk. nnucin saying one word at a time. See: talk.
spear
smumn lance, spear. umin spear. snululmu spear. wettn fishing spear. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
411
spices spider
nmemn something thats mixed; spices.
st spider. nel t set You are afraid of spiders.
stamqn daddy longlegs. See: daddy longlegs. tupn black widow. tup larger spider species, barn spider.
spill
sim spill, pour a liquid. sim S/he/it spilled/poured. n sim, sim es sii S/he/it is spilling/pouring. nes sii, es sii qs sii S/he/it is going to spill/pour. iqs sii, qs sii sim They spilled/poured. qe sim, p sim es sii They are spilling/pouring. qe es sii, pes sii qs sii They are going to spill/pour. qeqs sii, pqs sii simis S/he/it poured it. simn, simnt es sims S/he/it is spilling/pouring s.t. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he/it is going to spill/pour s.t. iqs sim, aqs sim simis They poured it. qe simntm, simntp es sims They are spilling/pouring s.t. qe es sim, es simp qs sims They are going to spill/pour s.t. qsqs sim, qs simp em sim S/he/it will spill/pour. em n sim, em sim em sim They will spill/pour. em qe sim, em p sim nsin u t I filled it full. csnnu t kapi S/he spilled coffee on his/herself.
po spill/pour powdered substances. (i.e., salt, sugar, flour, gunpowder, etc.) pmis S/he/it spilled it. pmin, pmint es pminms S/he/it is spilling it. ies pminm, as pminm qs pminms S/he/it is going to spill it. iqs pminm, aqs pminm pmis They spilled it. qe pmintm, pmintp es pminms They are spilling it. qe es pminm, es pminmp qs pminms They are going to spill it. qeqs pminm, qs pminmp pus spill/pour powder onto the eye or fire. em qs pminms S/he/it will be spilling it. em iqs pminm, em aqs pminm po u ol S/he spilled the salt. pu spread/pour round things out on a surface of something. (i.e. berries, marbles, etc.) See:
spread.
nat dump/pour something soft into a liquid. (i.e., brains, wet hide, etc.) See: pour. qusn I poured it. See: pour. lam splash/pour water. (i.e., in a Sweat, etc.) See: splash.
spin
llmnctist spin or twirl. es llmnctist S/he/it is spinning. nes llmnctist, es llmnctist s backbone. sni spine.
spine
spine sppt that which is guidance, wisdom and smarts; spirit. spiritual power sume spiritual/medicine power; guardian/medicine spirit.
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em qe iintm u qe sume Well paint pictures of our medicine power.
spit
pt spit. ptm S/he spit. n ptm, ptm es pti S/he is spitting. nes pti, es pti qs pti S/he is going to spit. iqs pti, qs pti ptam They spit. qe ptm, p ptm es ptai They are. qe es pti, pes pti qs ptai They are going to spit. qeqs pti, pqs pti ptmis S/he spit s.t. out. ptmn, ptmnt es ptms S/he is spitting s.t. out. ies ptm, as ptm qs ptms S/he is going to spit s.t. out. iqs ptm, aqs ptm ptamis They spit s.t. out. qe ptmntm, ptmntp es ptams They are spitting s.t. out. qe es ptm, es ptmp qs ptams They are going to spit s.t. out. qeqs ptm, qs ptmp ptis S/he spit on s.o. ptn, ptnt es ptms S/he is spitting on s.o. ies ptm, as ptm qs ptms S/he is going to spit on s.o. iqs ptm, aqs ptm ptais They spit on s.o. qe ptntm, ptntp es ptams They are spitting on s.o. qe es ptm, es ptmp qs ptams They are going to spit on s.o. qeqs ptm, qs ptmp ptntm S/he/it was spit on. spta spit. snptmn spittoon. pti Spit. (comm.) ptmnt Spit it out. (comm.) ptnt Spit on him/he/it. (comm.) e ptmn u i t I spit out the bitter again.
spittoon splat splash
snptmn thing to spit in; spittoon.
snpttn place to spit in; spittoon. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. a S/he/it splatted.
lam splash/pour water. (i.e., in a Sweat, etc.) lam S/he splashed. n lam, lam es lai S/he is splashing. nes lai, es lai qs lai S/he is going to splash. iqs lai, qs lai lam They splashed. qe lam, p lam es lai They are splashing. qe es lai, pes lai qs lai They are going to splash. qeqs lai, pqs lai lais S/he splashed it. lan, lant es lams S/he is splashing it. ies lam, as lam qs lams S/he is going to splash it. iqs lam, aqs lam lais They splashed it. qe lantm, lantp es lams They are splashing it. qe es lam, es lamp qs lams They are going to splash it. qeqs lam, qs lamp es llai S/he is splashing repeatedly. nes llai, es llai es llams S/he is splashing it over and over. ies llam, as llam
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lai Pour/splash. (comm.) llai Splash around. (comm.) lant Pour/splash it. (comm.) em lam S/he will pour/splash. em n lam, em lam em lam They will pour/splash. em qe lam, em p lam yayalamm splash water on the legs. in splash/spread water. See: water. ins splash water on the face. insis S/he splashed water on s.o.s face. insn, insint es insms S/he is splashing water on s.o.s face. ies insm, as insm qs insms S/he is going splash water on s.o.s face. iqs insm, aqs insm o insntm I got water splashed on my face.
spleen splice
sten spleen. suffix: ...en within.
nacsis join two things together. nacselistn connectors; putting things together. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
npss connect something end to end. scnpses connectors; a thing that fits together end to end. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
npsis splice something together.
split
sa split wood. sam S/he split wood. n sam, sam es sai S/he is splitting wood. nes sai, es sai qs sai S/he is going to split wood. iqs sai, qs sai sam They split wood. qe sam, p sam es sai They are splitting wood. qe es sai, pes sai qs sai They are going to split wood. qeqs sai, pqs sai es sams S/he is splitting wood. ies sam, as sam es sams They are splitting wood. qe es sam, es samp em sam S/he will split wood. em n sam, em sam em sam They will split wood. em qe sam, em p sam sam t lu S/he split wood. n sam t mul I split cottonwood.
nes split something apart from within. nesis S/he split s.t. nesn, nesnt es nesms S/he is splitting s.t. ies nesm, as nesm qs nesms S/he is going to split s.t. iqs nesm, aqs nesm nesis They split s.t. qe nesn, nesntp es nesms They are splitting s.t. qe es nesm, es nesmp qs nesms They are going to split s.t. qeqs nesm, qs nesmp nesi Split; Also cut the cards. (comm.) saq split. es saq Its split. nses split in the middle. ssin cloven hooves. es divide/part something; apportion. See: divide.
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om separate something that is together. (i.e., a pile, a ream paper, a package of crackers, etc.) See:
separate.
esesm separate something solid. (i.e., a rock, bread loaf, pie, etc.) See: separate. pes get divorced. See: divorce. tes divide something in two; halve something. See: half.
spoil ellm ruin something; let waste away. rt.: el abandon; prefix: under. Spokan people snmene Spokan people. (named after a kind of salmon)
snmenecn Spokan language.
See: ruin.
spooky spoon
telis look spooky; scary looking. i telis S/he is spooky looking, scary looking. i n telis, i telis
umn spoon. mun (pl.) ninu spoon.
sports car esimscu iuyn sports car. spouse snull spouse. prefix: n gether with.
nn wife. slwi husband. llaq abandoned spouse. pu spouse of somebody who is pueye spouse of somebody who is mean. puopt spouse of somebody who is lazy. pusuypi spouse of somebody who is a white person. pusel spouse with two wives/husbands. Count wives/husbands, add pu to the counting of
people. See people.
es itmi Its getting rotten; also an expression referring to ones spouse. See: rot.
spread
pim spread things out (i.e. bitterroot). pntes S/he spread things out. pinten, pinte es pims S/he is spreading things out. ies pim, as pim qs pims S/he is going to spread things out. iqs pim, aqs pim piintes They spread things out. qe pintem, pintep es piims They are spreading things out. qe es pim, es pimp qs piims They are going to spread things out. qeqs pim, qs pimp es pim It is spread out. pint Spread it out. (comm.) pims Spread it out. (comm.) pims asn Spread it out on your canvas. e wis netnt m e pint aspem When you finish washing your bitterroot youll spread it out.
pqem lay things out; unpack. pqem S/he laid (things) out. n pqem, pqem es peqmisti S/he is laying (things) out. nes peqmisti, es peqmisti qs peqmisti S/he is going to lay (things) out. iqs pqem, qs pqem pqem They laid (things) out. qe pqem, p pqem es peqmisti They are laying (things) out. qe es peqmisti, pes peqmisti qs peqmisti They are going to lay (things) out. qeqs peqmisti, pqs peqmisti
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied u s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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pqntes S/he laid things out. pqnten, pqnte es pqems S/he is laying things out. ies pqem, as pqem qs pqems S/he is going to lay things out. iqs pqem, aqs pqem pqntes They laid things out. qe pqntem, pqntep es pqems They are laying things out. qe es pqem, es pqemp qs pqems They are going to lay things out. qeqs pqem, qs pqemp pqint Lay it out. (comm.) peqmnct unpack ones self. See: unpack. pu spread/pour round things out on a surface of something. (i.e. berries, marbles, etc.) rt.:
pet round things lying about; prefix: surface.
pnts S/he spread the round things out. pntn, pnt es pums S/he is spreading the round things out. ies pum, as pum qs pums S/he is going to spread the round things out. iqs pum, aqs pum pntes They spread the round things out. qe pntm, pntp es puums They are spreading the round things out. qe es pum, es pump qs puums They are going to spread the round things out. qeqs pum, qs pump es pu It is poured/spread out. punt Spread the round things out. (comm.) npt pour round objects in water. (i.e., berries, rocks, etc.) rt.: pet round things lying
about; suffix: et, t liquid. See: pour.
pnt sn You pour it onto the canvas. es pu lep ci nosmi sin The dog food is poured on the floor. ste u es pu What is poured? m e pntep sen Then you pour it onto the canvas. ep cover; spread something out. pmn cover. pne cover. eplent Spread it on the ground. pnnt u asli Cover your camas with wet dirt, lots of dirt; make a mound. ha em epnt isim Will you spread my blanket? ha em eplent t isim Will you spread my blanket on the ground? ha em epnent t isim Will you cover it with my blanket? mi smear, rub something. See: smear. pum distribute, spread around, pass/hand out. See: distribute. in splash/spread water. See: water. isl scatter things out; throw things away. See: scatter.
spring
sqpc spring season. es qpcnuisti, es qpcnui Its again the time of spring. suffix: nu in the time of. sqpc u sanq In spring and summer. it u sqpc Its almost spring. es lulei plants are coming up. See: grow. es ecti digging. See: dig. es wicei hunt to get bull buffalo (for their hides). See: hunt.
es ocqt The water is coming out; spring. suffix: et, t liquid. ocqet Ronan. 416
napqin head waters; where the water begins (i.e., a spring, fountain, lake). rt.: napa the end;
suffix: qin, qn p.
ipc wire spring.
spring beauty sprinkle
si spring beauty flower. sqocn spring beauty root. nuletn spread water on the ground; water the ground; sprinkle. Rt. in spred
water; suffix: ule land; suffix:tn means of/device.
nulem S/he watered the ground. n nulem, nulem es nulei S/he is watering the ground. nes nulei, es ulei qs nulei S/he is going to water the ground. iqs nulei, qs nulei iqs is nulei t supule Im going to go water the lawn. in splash/spread water. See: water.
sprinkler spruce spur
pimn sprinkler. See: squirt. pi It squirts repeatedly. ssp, ss spruce.
ttqnsqe, ttqnsq spur a horse. ttqnsqe S/he spurred a horse. n ttqnsqe, ttqnsqe es ttqnsqei S/he is spurring a horse. nes ttqnsqei, es ttqnsqei qs ttqnsqei S/he is going to spur a horse. iqs ttqnsqei, qs ttqnsqei ttqnsqetn spur. suffix: ...tn means of/device. ttqnsqei Spur. (comm.)
spruce grouse solu fool hen, Franklins grouse, spruce grouse. square tit square; has flat sides.
es tit Its square.
squash
sqliqn pumpkin; squash. sqliqn, sai The fruit.
squaw fish n, squaw fish. squeak mum u e The mouse is squeaking. squeeze anmm squeeze; to make tight.
es nm squeeze. anmsts S/he tighten/squeezed it. anmstn, anmst anmsts They tighten/squeezed it. qe anmstm, anmstp i pinch. nis wink. icnm choke somebody. ies icnm I am choking him/her. i squeeze; put pressure on something. im put violent pressure on. qe es imls controlling, getting the best of us. o es imls controlling, getting the best of me.
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es imls controlling, getting the best of you. ul fold. See: fold. ent You wring it out. ne wash clothes. e strain something.
squirrel
isc squirrel; Columbian ground squirrel.
ssas, ssai golden-mantled squirrel. supp northern flying squirrel.
squirt
pim squirt, spit. pimn sprinkler. pi It squirts repeatedly. c smash, mash. See: smash.
squish
es a It is something soft and squishy (i.e. excrement, person, brains, a wet hide, etc.); figuratively to feel tired and loose. See: pile.
st
stab
um pierce something with a sharp object. (i.e., stab w/ knife, sting by a bee, a shot in the arm,
pricked with a needle, etc.)
unts S/he stabbed it. untn, unt untes They stabbed it, they poked it. qe untm, untp o unts S/he/it stung/stabbed me. o untm I was stung/stabbed. umin spear. u thorn. unt Stab it. (comm.) uanm stab or give a shot in the arm. See: shot. uwepnentm S/he/it got a shot/stabbed in the hip. See: shot. wenntm You were stabbed/poked. wep poke an orifice. See: poke.
stable stack
snpyutsq barn, stable. rt.: pyet stand around (pl.); suffix: sqe domestic animal;
mainly referring to horse or car.
qem stack things. qem S/he stacked. n qem, qem es qmi S/he is stacking. nes qmi, es qmi qs qmi S/he is going to stack. iqs qmi, qs qmi qem They stacked. qe qem, p qem es qmi They are stacking. qe es qmi, pes qmi qs qmi They are going to stack. qeqs qmi, pqs qmi qnts S/he stacked s.t. on. qntn, qnt es qem S/he is stacking s.t. on. ies qem, as qem qs qem S/he is going to stack s.t. on. iqs qem, aqs qem qntes They stacked s.t. on. qe qntm, qntp
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es qeem They are stacking s.t. on. qe es qem, es qemp qs qeem They are going to stack s.t. on. qeqs qem, qs qemp es aq Its stacked. qe qm t supule We stacked the hay. nusnt t iit m e qnt t anqp Lay alders in the fire, then stack on your ferns. nqetm stack/put it in the water.
staff sla eagle feather staff. stagger plpill stagger.

pill stagger once. (as in getting up from a chair) ppi staggering a little.
stairs, ladder stake stall
sniwltn stairs, ladder. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. nwist up, upstairs, up high. ope, ope tipi stakes. rt.: point; suffix: e house.
snasusq stall. rt.: esw stand; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly referring to horse or car. nmlmlpls, nmlml male animal; bull, stallion. suffix: epls testicle. cpmin postage stamp.
sme as car stalls.
stallion stamp stand
esw in a standing position. esw S/he/it was standing. n esw, esw es eswii S/he/it is standing. nes eswi, nes eswi qs eswi S/he/it is going to be standing. iqs eswi, iqs eswi eswi They are standing. es eswii They are standing. qe es eswi, pes eswi nesut S/he/it was standing in the water. n nesut, nesut es nesuti S/he/it was standing in the water. nes nesuti, es nesuti snesw the one someone stands with. prefix: n... gether with. esuet stand on the water. suffix: et, t liquid. esuet stand under the water. suffix: et, t liquid. esucnet stand by the water. suffix: et, t liquid. e u esw u sma Where is the cow standing? si e n esw i n il I stood s.t. something there a long time, I didnt move. (s.t.) something
pyet more than one standing. pyet They are standing around. qe pyet, p pyet ppyet Two or more groups are standing around. pipwi All of you stand up. snpyutsq barn, stable. pmncut It stood up. witn it snsq npyet I saw a lot of horses standing around. es mil u ppyet u Chipmunks were standing all over.
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tel the motion of standing up; also in refernce to something coming up/coming about (i.e.,
moon, month, sun).
tel S/he/it stood up. n tel, tel es teli S/he/it is standing up. nes teli, es teli qs teli S/he is going to stand up. iqs teli, qs teli tlel They stood up. qe tel, p tel es teli They are standing up. qs tleli They are going to stand up. stl temporary getter-upper. prefix: s one who does. tl Stand up. (comm.) tlal stand under a tree/log. prefix: under; suffix: al wood. ntlt S/he/it stood up in the water. n ntlt, ntlt es ntlti S/he/it standing up in the water. nes ntlti, es ntlti tl lep Stand on the floor. tl esi S/he stood under a tree. itisi tel itisi stood up. ntlt u s The cow stood up in the water. il get up from a resting/laying state; to rise. il S/he/it got up. n il, il es ili S/he/it is getting up. nes ili, es ili qs ili S/he/it is going to get up. iqs ili, qs ili ili They got up. qe il, p il es ili They are getting up. qe es ili, pes ili qs ili They are going to get up. qeqs ili, pqs ili il rise, get up. (comm.) em i st m qe il In the morning well get up. enwnm t es ili I am aware of something getting up. n qit u n il I woke and got up. i standing upright of an object. nts S/he/it stood s.t. up. ntn, nt es ims S/he/it is standing s.t. up. ies im, as im qs ims S/he/it is going to stand s.t. up. iqs im, aqs im ntes They stood s.t. up. qe ntm, ntp es ims They are standing s.t. up. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to stand s.t. up. qeqs im, qs imp es nule each one is standing up in the ground. (i.e. power poles, fence posts) es i Its standing upright; tree. nes Its stood up in the middle. nnten I stood it up in inside something. es nule m tnt antt Put your hide on a pole in the ground. ns Standing-in-Middle (Eagle pass; a pillar of rock stands in the middle of the pass). s.t. something awt Theyre standing around. (derogatory) ewt Standing around. (derogatory) lil Trees. rt.: il standing upright.
staple stapler star
stn staple. suffix: ...tn means of/device. imin estn stapler.
imn imin stapler; pinches paper. us star. 420
stare
aapsus, aapsu stare. es aaptumi S/he/it is staring. nes aaptumi, es aaptumi aaptemn someone who always likes to stare. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. aapsu one who stares all the time. u aapsu Theyre the ones who stare all the time.
us look, stare around. See: search. es usi S/he/it is staring around. nes usi, es usi es cm I am watching, staring . See: watch. qesya u qe es acm u swen We are all staring at the dancer. snpma stare off. snap day dream. llpus not blinking; eyes are still. rt.: il no movement; circumfix: us, s spherical object;
eyes.
start
tal start. em lin m qe tale m qe mmi What time will we start our meeting? e i s t m tal qs pi When theyre red-hot, then you start your baking.
istm start something; to make something go. (i.e., start a car, etc.) es istms S/he is starting it. ies istm, as istm qs istms S/he is going to start it. iqs istm, aqs istm
startle
ssusm, ssu startle. ssus S/he got startled. n ssus, ssus ssus They got startled. qe ssus, p ssus susis S/he/it startled s.o./s.t. susn, susnt susts S/he/it startled s.o./s.t. sustn, sust es ssusms S/he/it is startling s.o./s.t. ies ssusm, as ssusm qs ssusms S/he/it is going to startle s.o./s.t. iqs ssusm, aqs ssusm susis They startled s.o./s.t. qe susntm, susntp susts They startled s.o./s.t. qe sustm, sustp es ssusms They are startling s.o./s.t. qe es ssusm, es ssusmp qs ssusms They are going to startle s.o./s.t. qeqs ssusm, qs ssusmp sus S/he/it got startle a little. n sus, sus susts S/he/it startled s.o./s.t. a little. sustn, sust sustm S/he/it was startled. sstnuis S/he finally startled s.o./s.t. sstnun, sstnunt sustts S/he startled s.o./s.t. for s.o. susttn, sustt sssusm somebody who startles. prefix: s one who does. ssemn someone who always likes to startle. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ssemn someone who always gets startled. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. sustn something used to startle. susi Startle. (comm.) suswi You all startle. (comm.) sus Startle someone. (comm.) susnt Startle s.o. (comm.) sscut S/he/it startled his/her/its self. n sscut, sscut es sscuti S/he/it is startling his/her/its self. nes sscuti, es sscuti
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es ssnweisti They are startling each other. qe es ssnweisti, pes ssnweisti es stlwisi S/he is going around startling. nes stlwisi, es stlwisi o sustt Startle s.o. for me. o sustm I was startled. em u sustn Finally I startled s.o. a u sustn I finally startled s.o. ha sustmn Did I startle you? nlm afraid/scared of something. See: scared. e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous. in afraid of getting hurt. (i.e. falling, etc.) See: afraid.
starve stay steal
smltn, sm hungry. See: hungry. llsme. ci stay there. e stay here. n steal; rob. n S/he stole. n n, n es ni S/he is stealing. nes nm, es ni qs ni S/he is going to steal. iqs nm, qs ni na They stole. qe n, p n es nai They are stealing. qe es nm, pes ni qs nai They are going to steal. qeqs nm, pqs ni nis S/he stole. nn, nnt es nms S/he is stealing. ies nm, as nm qs nms S/he is going to steal. iqs nm, aqs nm nais They stole. qe nntm, nntp es nams They are stealing. qe es nm, es nmp qs nams They are going to steal. qeqs nm, qs nmp sna somebody that steals; a thief. prefix: s one who does. namn someone who always steals; a thief. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. scna something thats been stolen. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. e e lu e is na They turned back, and stole. o nmts isim S/he stole my blanket. ntm S/he stole from s.o. o ntm iscpuls My kill was stolen. nali stealing a ride on a train, bus or car. R.t.: na steal.; suffix: l s.t. that rolls. nnm, nn hitcher hiker; hobo. nsqe, nsq steal a horse/car. punamn I stoled his/her spouse.
nmist, nmi run away; to sneak away; to leave; escape. R.t.: na steal; prefix:
under. See: escape.
n Rob.
steam steep
suu steam. su steam. suu steam. allt upward slope. allt little upward slope. sntsqaetn steering wheel.
steering wheel
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Stellars jay si blue jay, Stellars jay. stem semp stem of a flower; tree trunk.
es emp It comes to the core. nilemp stem of a feather/branch/leaf. es nilemp It comes to the stem/center.
step
cqwt, cqw step. qwtis S/he/it stepped on s.t./s.o. qwtn, qwtnt qwetis They stepped on s.t./s.o. qe qwtntm, qwtntp qwtnt Step on it. (comm.) nuscqw yard (one step). a cil scqw maybe 5 yards (five steps). nqutt step into the water.
nqoteytm step on shoulders. nqoteytis S/he stepped on s.o.s shoulders. nqoteytn, nqoteytnt es nqoteytms S/he is stepping on s.o.s shoulders. ies nqoteytm, as nqoteytm qs nqoteytms S/he is going to step on s.o.s shoulders. iqs nqoteytm, aqs nqoteytm nqotytn, nqot shovel. ln step.
step over
it step over something. it es i S/he stepped over a log.
stepchild swet stepchild. stepparent wstn aunt/uncle after death of connecting relative; step-parent. stereo a radio, harp, guitar, stereo, anything that makes music. Stevensville ml Stevensville, Montana. stick ul small wood.
ilmintn hoop game sticks. suffix: ...tn means of/device. stmtmnil, stmtmni snowberry (sticks). ant ci stmtmni Break those Snowberry (sticks). latn stick game sticks. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nuletn stick used in the camas bake. (The stick is placed in the middle prior to putting the contents s.t. something
use in the camas baking pit. After the pit is prepared the stick is pulled out and water is poured in the hole left by implied the stick.) s.o. someone
P.l. Plural
(s.t.) something
ncamn stick used in the camas bake. (The stick is placed in the middle prior to putting the contents R.t. Root word ncais S/he put the stick in. ncan, ncant es ncams S/he is putting the stick in. ies ncam, as ncam qs ncams S/he is going to put the stick in. iqs ncam, aqs ncam ncant Put the stick in. (comm.) ncamn stick used to poke at the fire.
use in the camas baking pit. After the pit is prepared the stick is pulled out and water is poured in the hole left comm. Command Lit. Literally by the stick.) Fig. Figuratively
a related word.
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amn stick used to poke at ashes/fire. rt.: at ashes. a stick/adhere something onto something. ntes S/he stuck s.t. on it. nten, nte ant Stick it onto it. (comm.)
stickgame
slal, sla stickgame. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: al wood. lalm S/he played stickgame. n lalm, lalm es lali S/he is playing stickgame. nes lali, es lali qs lali S/he is going to play stickgame. iqs lali, qs lali lalm They played stickgame. qe lalm, p lalm es lali They are playing stickgame. qe es lali, pes lali qs lali They are going to play stickgame. qeqs lali, pqs lali slal u ispus Stick game is in my heart. ha ie lalm Do you play stickgame? som somebody who points; a pointer. rt.: o point; prefix: s one who does. swem somebody who hides; a hider. rt.: we hide; prefix: s one who does. sminm hider. prefix: s one who does. pali outside (point). set right (point). scie left (point). nihe middle (point).
piql point the white bone in stickgame. rt.: piq white. piql S/he pointed the white bone. n piql, piql es piqli S/he is pointing the white bone. nes piqli, es piqli qs piqli S/he is going to point the white bone. iqs piqli, qs piqli pqpiql S/he pointed both white bones. n pqpiql, pqpiql es pqpiqli S/he is pointing both white bones. nes pqpiqli, es pqpiqli qs pqpiqli S/he is going to point both white bones. iqs pqpiqli, qs pqpiqli i miss. See: miss. n i I missed. noule pull the stick out of the ground. cqcqminm switching bones; cheating at stickgame. rt.: cqmin throw.
stickgame bones stickgame poles

ni stickgame bones. snsaltn stickgame poles. rt.: sim hit; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: laltn stickgame sticks. rt.: lal stickgame; suffix: ...tn means
stickgame sticks
of/device.
stick out i For something to protrude; sticks out. See: protrude. sticky i apaq Its sticky. sticky purple geranium tqnp stick purple geranium. stiff i Its stiff. still puti still.
e u puti yetast es cu mam Thats why frog still says that today. ha puti es lilt Is s/he/it still alive? puti n i Im still able/capable. u puti i simlt
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elmn niosmi When I was younger I was afraid of dogs. e puti isl m p e ciuy You all come back when Its still light. puti u Its still not done. ha puti ep esutu Do you still have any questions? il still. i il Its still. i n il, i il il Be still. (comm.) ils Leave it be still; leave it alone. (comm.) ilswi All of you leave it still; leave it alone. (comm.) em i il You will be still.
sting o unts It stung/stabbed me. See: stab. stinger umn stinger. stinging nettles cep stinging nettles. stingy eue stingy.
u refuse, stingy. emis S/he was stingy; would let s.o. have it. emin, emint nemnups She was stingy with her butt. See: intercourse.
stink
sq stink; bad smell.
pu smell bad; to be stink. i pu S/he/it smells. i n pu, i pu pup S/he/it smells/stinks. qe pup We smell; we stink. ppnuis S/he/it finally smelled s.t. ppnun, ppnunt spup an odor. ppu goat. ppnunt Smelled it. (comm.) ppnwe They smelled each other. qe ppnwe, p ppnwe ppnuncn I smell you. ha p ppnwe t isu Did you folks smell my fart? ippu u isnn My socks stink. n smell rotten; the smell of rotten meat, crap. i n Its rotten. i nps His/her/its butt is smelly. nnin have stink feet. i n sqet rotten meat. t tisi u o its t in sqet Big Blanket gave me meat. ha i n Did you mess; are you smelly? is smelly; the smell of fish. i is S/he/it is smelly. i n is, i is ispsqn, isp smelly lips/face, fishy smell. suffix: posqn lips. See: lip. iwey smell of animal in rut. i smell like smoke. i i S/he/it smells like smoke. i n i, i i 425
s.t. something rotten (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
pen bloat. suffix: ...en within.
stink bug uumu, uumu stink bug. suffix: mu the individual who always does. stir nalet stir liquid. suffix:et, t liquid.
nalet S/he stirred. n nalet, nalet es naleti S/he is stirring. nes naleti, es naleti qs naleti S/he is going to stir. iqs naleti, qs naleti naletis S/he stirred it. naletn, naletnt es naletms S/he is stirring it. ies naletm, as naletm qs naletms S/he is going to stir it. iqs naleti, aqs naleti snalet somebody who stirs. prefix: s one who does. nalettn Stirring tool. suffix: ...tn means of/device. naletnt Stirr it. (comm.) naletnt t anumn Stirr it with your spoon.
stirrups
of/device.
snqqwetn, snqqwe stirrups. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
snqwetn, snqwe stirrup.
sto
stocking cap
top.
snsoqn stocking cap. rt.: su stretch; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: qin, qn
stomach
olin Belly, stomach. e es ncuce inolin My stomachs knocking.
naln have a belly-ache. rt.: al ache; prefix: n inside; suffix: ...en within. naln S/he had a belly-ache. n naln, naln es nalni S/he have a belly-ache. nes nalni, es nalni qs nalni S/he going to have a belly-ache. iqs nalni, qs nalni esslsm sick to the stomach; nauseated. See: nauseated.
stone
se rock. es i sen striped rock. naqsm sen different kinds of rocks. aline yellowstone.
pes stone for pounding dried meat to. i war hammer; stone hammer. s.t. something t i u es eemi ci tisi t spp Big Blanket is pounding the dried meat with a round (s.t.) something implied stone. s.o. someone
stonefly nn stonefly, hellgramite. stoop sicmi stoop over.

sicm S/he stooped over. n sicm, sicm es sicmi S/he is stooping over. nes sicmi, es sicmi qs sicmi S/he is going to stoop over. iqs sicmi, qs sicmi sicm They stooped over. qe sicm, p sicm es sicm They are stooping over. qe es sicmi, pes sicmi
a related word.
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qs sicmi They are going to stoop over. qeqs sicmi, pqs sicmi es scicm Each one is stooping over. nayutups stooped over naked. circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail.
stop
lip stop. lip S/he/it stopped. n lip, lip es lpmi S/he/it is stopping. nes lpmi, es lpmi qs lpmi S/he/it is going to stop. iqs lpmi, qs lpmi lip They stopped. qe lip, p lip es lpmi They are stopping. qe es lpmi, pes lpmi qs lpmi They are going to stop. qeqs lpmi, pqs lpmi lpntes S/he/it stopped it. lpnten, lpnte es lpims S/he/it is stopping s.t. ies lpim, as lpim qs lpims S/he/it is going to stop s.t. iqs lpim, aqs lpim lpntes They stopped it. qe lpntem, lpntep es lpims They are stopping s.t. qe es lpim, es lpimp qs lpims They are going to stop s.t. qeqs lpim, qs lpimp es llpmi S/he/it is stopping. nes lpmi, es lpmi es llpims S/he/it is stopping s.t. ies lpim, as lpim lpstem S/he/it got stopped. lip Stop. (comm.) lipwi You all stop. (comm.) em lip S/he/it will stop. em n lip, em lip em lip They will stop. em qe lip, em p lip lpsten I stopped it. lpmin I stopped it. iqs lpnunm u eye Im going to stop/beat evil.
hoy quit, stop, finish, okay, thats it, to cease. See: quit. ust, u finish working, to be done working. See: finish.
store
sntumistn, sntumi store; a place to buy. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
snttumi little store. elm store away; to put away; to save. See: put away. sllscu souvenir.
storm
es umncti Theres low visibility from a dust storm or blizzard; (fig., this can be said
of someone really dancing up a storm, making dust). See: dust.
satst, sat winters last atempt at a big snow storm. (In early spring, often indicated by s.t. something
having snow on one side of s.t. such as trees or poles.) See: snow.
story
iiim tell a story/news. See: tell.
e show, tell. See: tell. setwe somebody who tells (stories). prefix: s one who does. qeqs etweisti The two of us are telling each other stories. sllumt, sllu animal stories, creation stories, Coyote stories. (These stories can only be llumt S/he told a story. n llumt, llumt
(s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to told a related word.
when the ground is covered with snow and all hibernating animals have gone into hibernation. A good indication that these stories can be told is when the weather is very cold causing trees to pop. )
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es llumti S/he is telling a story. nes llumti, es llumti qs llumti S/he is going to tell a story. iqs llumti, qs llumti llumtmis S/he told a story about it. llumtmn, llumtmnt llumtts S/he applied a story to s.o. llumttn, llumtt e u p sllumt Now thats a Coyote story. qe llumlt Tell us a story. ha e u llumtmnt smen Would you tell a story about grizzly. snita old story. sniista made up story. rt.: yoist lie. sspscin long talk. rt.: ssip a long time.
stove snoli wood stove. straight t straight.

i t Its straight, true.
rt.: soli fire; prefix: sn a place of.
tomm S/he/it straightened up. n tomm, tomm tmstes S/he straightened s.o. up. tmsten, tmste es tomms S/he is straightening s.o. up. ies tomm, as tomm qs tomms S/he is going to straighten s.o. up. iqs tomm, aqs tomm t Straighten up, behave. (comm.) twi All of you straighten up, behave. (comm.) o et u i t Tell me straight, tell me the truth. ntaqs straight road. ta es usn they didnt look anywhere (stared straight ahead, not looking either way).
strain straw
e strain something. ent You strained it. umn straw (for drinking). rt.: um suck. See: suck.
quwa straw.
strawberry
itm strawberry. em p is lm t itm Youll all go picking strawberries.
strawberry roan laqin strawberry roan. straw hat snsqinqn, snsqna straw hat. straw worm i caddisworm, straw worm. stream nit, ni creek, stream. lit. first water. rt.: it first. See: creek. strength nyopiyewtn thing or place you get strength from. (i.e, a sweat house, mountains, etc.)
n yopiyewt I have strength.
stretch
sum stretch. sum S/he stretched. n sum, sum es sui S/he is stretching. nes sui, es sui qs sui S/he is going to stretch. iqs sui, qs sui sumsts S/he stretched it. sumstn, sumst sumsts They stretched it. qe sumstm, sumstp
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sumstm S/he was stretched. sumi Stretch. (comm.) e wis ent m ssumst When you finish wringing it, you stretch it. tolmi Stretch. (comm.) ppnim stretch the leggs. ppnim S/he stretched his/her legs. n ppnim, ppnim es ppnmi S/he is stretching his/her legs. nes ppnmi, es ppnmi qs ppnmi S/he is stretching his/her legs. iqs ppnmi, qs ppnmi e n ppin I already stretched my legs.
string
sii lacing. sisi little lacing.
accn shoe string. i string things together; putting things on thread, yarn or string. (i.e. a rosary.) i S/he strung (s.t.) together. n i, i es ii S/he is stringing (s.t.) together. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to string (s.t.) together. iqs ii, qs ii i They strung (s.t.) together. qe i, p i es ii They are stringing (s.t.) together. qe es ii, pes ii qs ii They are going to string (s.t.) together. qeqs ii, pqs ii iis S/he strung the things together. in, int es ims S/he is stringing the things together. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to string the things together. iqs im, aqs im iis They strung the things together. qe in, intp es ims They are stringing the things together. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to string the things together. qeqs im, qs imp es ii S/he is repeatedly stringing (s.t.) together. nes ii, es ii sci something thats been strung together. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. ii String it together. (comm.) iwi All of you string it together. (comm.) swe u es nte qs ii Who wants to string things together? nuupes string things together using a needle; poking a needle through. nuupesm S/he strung (s.t.) together. n nuupesm, nuupesm es nuupesi S/he is stringing (s.t.) together. nes nuupesi, es nuupesi qs nuupesi S/he is going to string (s.t.) together. iqs nuupesi, qs nuupesi s.t. something nuupesm They strung (s.t.) together. qe nuupesm, p nuupesm (s.t.) something implied es nuupesi They are stringing (s.t.) together. qe es nuupesi, pes s.o. someone nuupesi P.l. Plural qs nuupesi They are going to string (s.t.) together. qeqs nuupesi, pqs R.t. Root word comm. Command nuupesi Lit. Literally scnuupes something thats been strung together with a needle. (i.e. popcorn garland.) i.e., That is,
prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
Fig. Figuratively
a related word.
See: - Redirection to
nuupesi String it together with the needle. (comm.) nupesi Put the needle through it. (comm.) tim pick/get a plant object or clay.
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tim S/he picked. n tim, tim

es tii S/he is picking. nes tii, es tii
qs tii S/he is going to pick. iqs tii, qs tii tim They picked. qe tim, p tim es tii They are picking. qe es tii, pes tii qs tii They are going to pick. qeqs tii, pqs tii tiis S/he picked s.t. tin, tint es tims S/he is picking s.t. ies tim, as tim qs tims S/he is going to pick s.t. iqs tim, aqs tim tiis They picked s.t. qe tintm, tintp es tims They are picking s.t. qe es tim, es timp qs tims They are going to pick s.t. qeqs tim, qs timp es ttii S/he is picking (things). nes tii, es tii es ttims S/he is picking things. ies ttim, as ttim es titi S/he is picking a little. nes titi, es titi es titms S/he is picking a little of s.t. ies titm, as titm ti It was picked. tin I was able to pick it. tintm It was picked by somebody. tinuis S/he/it finally picked s.t. tinuin, tinuint tits S/he/it picked s.t. for s.o. titn, tit stim somebody who gathers things. prefix: s one who does. temn someone who always likes to gather. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ttmu the individual that gathers. suffix: mu the individual who always does. scti something thats been gathered. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. sntitn place to gather. timn something used to gather. (i.e. pee) tii Gather. (comm.) tiwi You all gather. (comm.) tint Gather s.t. (comm.) tinti You all gather s.t. (comm.) tilwis go around and gather. es tilwisi S/he is gathering here and there. nes tilwisi, es tilwisi tilwisi Gather here and there. (comm.) ticnm get/harvest food. See: harvest. tiq harvest. See: harvest. u qeqs is tii t sit Lets go get some white clay. u ie ttim t sit u t s.t. something sqsi Theres where they got white clay long ago. ha stim Are you someone that (s.t.) something implied gathers? a u tin I finally acquired it. e tintm Its already been picked. tint s.o. someone P.l. Plural u se You picked a flower. um pick something up using an instrument or tool. (i.e. a needle for beads, a pitchfork
strip
slnct get naked. See: naked.
R.t. Root word for comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to
a related word.
npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. npalqsi Remove your clothes. (comm.) seyi strip of sinew from the back.
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se long strips of elk/deer meat.
stripe
es i line; stripe. See: line. es i sen striped rock.
aie Its striped; its covered in lines. See: line.
striped skunk stye skunk. strong yoyot strong.

yoyot S/he is strong. n yoyot, yoyot syoyoot physical strength/power. nyoyosctn muscle. suffix: ...tn means of/device. yomnct, yomncu. make ones self become rigid/tense. See: tense. yomnct toughen up; become rigid/tense. (comm.) nyoowls Strong mind, strong heart. nyawl Be strong; dont cry out in pain. (comm.) See: tough. nyoyowls strong minded/hearted. yomim hold something steady. See: hold. yomspewl hold breath inside the body. rt.: yomim hold steady. See: breathe. yomscin hold breath by closing the mouth. rt.: yomim hold steady. See: breathe. yoyosct, yoyosc make ones self try hard with a physically strong effort; to give all ones effort. See: try hard. yoyoscmint Throw it hard. sct u yoyot n um All day Monday I worked hard. yoyostent Bounce it hard. (comm.) yoyotwil get strong. yoyotwil S/he got strong. n yoyotwil, yoyotwil es yoyotwili S/he is getting strong. nes yoyotwili, es yoyotwili qs yoyotwili S/he is going to get strong. iqs yoyotwili, qs yoyotwili nyoyocin say strong/powerful words. nyoyocin S/he said strong words. n nyoyocin, nyoyocin es nyoyocini S/he is saying strong words. nes nyoyocini, es nyoyocini qs nyoyocini S/he is going to say strong words. iqs nyoyocini, qs nyoyocini maqs strong. llit strong (in war). aat strong.
struck
es qem It is struck by lightening. qntem S/he/it was struck by lightening. sqlsit The tree was struck by lightening. es uwei u qnti It was lightening and a tree was struck on top of the mountain.
strung
ooom strung across; say someone is skinny, stretched or boney. ooom S/he/it is skinny. n ooom, ooom ppin stub a foot/toe. ppin S/he stubbed his/her foot/toe. n ppin, ppin n ppin I stubbed my feet.
i rosary, string together.
stub
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stuck
nawa stuck in mud. nawa S/he got stuck in the mud. n nawa, nawa ta qes nawa Dont get stuck in the mud.
aq stuck to something. aq S/he/it is stuck. n aq, aq qmin tape. tlmi unable to rise/get up. n aql u n e tlmist I sat down and couldnt get up.
stuck-up
et, e stuck-up; rude; act better. et S/he is stuck-up. n et, et
nscut conceited; self-important; ill mannered. See: conceited.
student study
saimi somebody in school. prefix: s one who does. syonwe somebody that learns. prefix: s one who does. paem think. See: think.
aemscu practice. See: practice. em t ci n aemscu I will study harder.
stuff
nom stuff something. nom S/he stuffed. n nom, nom es nmi S/he is stuffing. nes nmi, es nmi qs nmi S/he is going to stuff. iqs nmi, qs nmi nom They stuffed. qe nom, p nom es nmi They are stuffing. qe es nmi, pes nmi qs nmi They are going to stuff. qeqs nmi, pqs nmi nntes S/he stuffed it. nnten, nnte es noms S/he is stuffng it. ies nom, as nom qs noms S/he is going to stuff it. iqs nom, aqs nom ntes They stuffed it. qe ntem, ntep es oms They are stuffing it. qe es nom, es nomp qs oms They are going to stuff it. qeqs nom, qs nomp
nomesm stuff as in making a quilt; stuff in between. nomesm S/he stuffed. n nomesm , nomesm es nomesi S/he is stuffing. nes nomesi, es nomesi qs nomesi S/he is going to stuff. iqs nomesi, qs nomesi nom They stuffed. qe nomesm , p nomesm es nomesi They are stuffing. qe es nomesi, pes nomesi qs nomesi They are going to stuff. qeqs nomesi, pqs nomesi nomesmis S/he stuffed it. nomesmn, nomesmnt es nomesms S/he is stuffng it. ies nomesm, as nomesm qs nomesms S/he is going to stuff it. iqs nomesm, aqs nomesm nomesmis They stuffed it. qe nomesmntm, nomesmntp es nomesms They are stuffing it. qe es nomesm, es nomesmp qs nomesms They are going to stuff it. qeqs nomesm, qs nomesmp
stumble stump
pill stagger once. (as in getting up from a chair) See: stagger. nu tree stump. 432
sturgeon styling gel
smtus sturgeon. Rt.: im contricted. pqntn Hair oil, styling gel. rt.: pu grease; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
su
subtract
ipmim subtract from something. ipstes S/he is subtracting s.t. ipsten, ipste es ipmims S/he is subtracting s.t. ies ipmim, as ipmim qs ipmims S/he is going to subtract s.t. iqs ipmim, aqs ipmim ipstes They are subtracting s.t. qe ipstem, ipstep es ipmims They are subtracting s.t. ies ipmim, es ipmimp qs ipmims They are going to subtract s.t. iqs ipmim, qs ipmimp es ipstes S/he is subtracting s.t. es ipsten, es ipste ipmis Subtract it/ take it away. (comm.) qeqs iipmisti yeta Were going to be subtracting today. om take more than one thing. See: take.
submit suck
altmistm submit/give into/surrender/yield to/succumb to/capitulate. ta qes altmistmstm u eye Dont submit to evil. mam suck/lick/kiss something; a baby sucking milk. See: kiss. es mamcni It is sucking. (i.e. a cow eating) sa cow. sa cows. (pl.) rt.: mam suck.
a slightly suck. es ai S/he is sucking. nes ai, es ai ay cowry, snail, leech. e mmal making sucking noise while eating. um lightly suck. es umi S/he is sucking. stust thumb; sucking finger. umn straw (for drinking). tatame suck on the nipple. tatame S/he/it sucked the nipple. n tatame, tatame es tatamei S/he/it is sucking the nipple. nes tatamei, es tatamei qs tatamei S/he/it is going to suck the nipple. iqs tatamei, qs tatamei op deep suck; strong suck; to draw blood. opcnis S/he sucked s.o. es opi S/he is sucking the bad out.
sucker suffer sugar
lne longnosed sucker, Columbia large-scaled sucker. sas small mouth sucker. nccms suffer, torments.
i sugar, sweet. ii i imitation sugar. sci made sugar. 433
nim put sugar in a liquid. nim S/he put sugar in the liquid. n nim, nim es nii S/he is putting sugar in the liquid. nes nii, es nii qs nii S/he is going to put sugar in the liquid. iqs nii, qs nii ni pop, soda, juice, kool-aid; sweet liquid. rt.: i sweet; prefix: n inside; suffix: et
liquid.
ha nim Did you put sugar in the liquid?
suicide
plscut, plscu kill ones self. plscut S/he killed his/her self. es plscuti S/he is killing his/her self. nes plscuti, es plscuti qs plscuti S/he is going to kill his/her self. iqs plscuti, qs plscuti ie suitcase; leather suitcase. rt.: i glossy; suffix: i covered in.
suitcase
i, i Indian suitcase, rawhide bag. lit. it has a pattern around it. See: pattern. sntqlscu trunk, suitcase.
summer
of.
snq summer. es anqnuisti, es anqnui Its again the time of summer. suffix: nu in the time sqpc u sanq In spring and summer. ha em um e anq Will you work this summer? esyapqini celebrating, powwow (10 days). es upstst Its the ten days. suffix: ast sky, day. es lewi gathering berries.
sun spni month, moon, sun, clock. sun dance uscut, uscu sundance. sun light sil, si sunshine, sun light.
i il Its sun shiny.
Sunday
saces, sace Sunday. See: hang. nu sacs one week. mtp, mt sunflower plant. tu sunflower root; balsamroot. e sunrise, (just as the sun is peeking over the mountain or land).
sunflower sunrise
ce peeking out, (when the sun partially up). cnm u spni The sun is peeking over, (when the sun partially up). spe sunrise, (just when the sun comes off the mountain or land). rt.: pim release from. lpule, lpu dawn, (the first light of the morning). rt.: al light; prefix: little; suffix: ule
land. See: dawn.
snacin dawn, (before the sun comes up). See: sunrise.
sunset
ssosqn, sso sunset.
qi dusk (when the sun is already down). See: dusk. slu evening. See: evening. 434
sunshine
sil, si sunshine, sun light. i il Its sun shiny.
es ulun It is the sun dogs (sun flares, rainbow around sun or moon). es ssti It is good weather. suffix: ast sky, day. i pst Its a clear sky (no clouds). suffix: ast sky, day.
supper
lum eat supper/dinner. lum S/he/it ate dinner. n lum, lum es lui S/he/it is eating dinner. nes lui, es lui qs lui S/he/it is going to eat dinner. iqs lui, qs lui lum They ate dinner. qe lum, lum es lui They are eating dinner. qe es lui, pes lui qs lui They are going to eat dinner. qeqs lui, pqs lui t ste u lum What did you eat for dinner? u qs is lui Where are you going to eat supper?
supple
yut rub, soften, make supple. yutms Rub it. (comm.) is yutms Go rub it.
suppose e rather; supposed to be. See: rather. sure imi u absolutely; for sure; of course; its obvious. See: absolute. surrender mist surrender; give ones self. rt.: i give; suffix: ist action of the self.
mist S/he surrendered. n mist, mist es misti S/he is surrendering. nes misti, es misti qs misti S/he is going to surrender. iqs misti, qs misti nes misti snem Im surrendering to the police.
Susan susn Susan. suspicious tmtmtum, tmtmtu suspicious of people.

tmtmtu S/he got suspicious of people. n tmtmtu, tmtmtu
swallow
mim swallow something. mim S/he swallowed. n mim, mim mntes S/he/it swallowed s.t. mnten, mnte es mims S/he is swallowing s.t. ies mim, as mim qs mims S/he is going to swallow s.t. iqs mim, aqs mim mntes They swallowed s.t. qe mntem, mntep es mims They are swallowing s.t. qe es mim, es mimp qs mims They are going to swallow s.t. qeqs mim, qs mimp mmntn I swallowed them. smm, smem They were hungry. e qe es sm Were also hungry. q fish, fish-hook. n mim t kapi I swallow coffee. mntn u s I swallowed a huckeberry. it u n mim I swallowed a lot of them. em mnte You will swallow it.
nmep devour/swallow. 435
nmep S/he devoured. n nmep, nmep es nmepi S/he is devouring. nes nmepi, es nmepi qs nmepi S/he is going to devour. iqs nmepi, qs nmepi nmep They devoured. qe nmepi, p nmep es nmepi They are devouring. qe es nmepi, pes nmepi qs nmepi They are going to devour. qeqs nmepi, pqs nmepi nmepis S/he/it devoured s.t. nmepn, nmepnt es nmepms S/he is devouring s.t. ies nmepm, as nmepm qs nmepms S/he is going to devour s.t. iqs nmepm, aqs nmepm nmepis They devoured s.t. qe nmepntm, nmepntp es nmepms They are devouring s.t. qe es nmepm, es nmepmp qs nmepms They are going to devour s.t. qeqs nmepm, qs nmepmp nmepnt Devour it. (comm.) nmepn s I devoured the huckleberries. huckleberries. n nmep t s I devoured the
mcinm The action of swallowing. mcinm S/he/it swallowed. n mcinm, mcinm es mcini S/he/it is swallowing. nes mcini, es mcini qs mcini S/he/it is going to swallow. iqs mcini, qs mcini mcinm They swallowed. qe mcinm, p mcinm es mcini They are swallowing. qe es mcini, pes mcini qs mcini They are going to swallow. qeqs mcini, pqs mcini s cliff swallow.
swamp swan sweat
ile damp ground, swamp. rt.: i damp. spqmi swan, tundra swan, whistling swan.
silt sweat, perspire. silt S/he sweated. n silt, silt es silti S/he is sweating. nes silti, es silti qs silti S/he is going to sweat. iqs silti, qs silti silt They sweated. qe silt, p silt es silti They are sweating. qe es silti, pes silti qs silti They are going to sweat. qeqs silti, pqs silti ssilt sweat. ssltmalqs Sweaty clothes. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. es sltmalqsi S/he has sweaty clothes. nes sltmalqsi, es sltmalqsi
laist, lai sweat in a Sweat Lodge. laist S/he/it sweated. n laist, laist es laisti S/he/it is sweating. nes laisti, es laisti qs laisti S/he/it is going to sweat. iqs laisti, qs laisti lla They sweated. qe lla, p lla es llai They are sweating. qe es llai, pes llai qs llai They are going to sweat. qeqs llai, pqs llai slam somebody who sweats in the Sweat Lodge. prefix: s one who does. em lai S/he/it will sweat. em n lai, em lai em lla They will sweat. em qe lla, em p lla
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Sweat Lodge
snlaist, snlai Sweat Lodge. ha t anwi u unt u snlaist Did you fix the Sweat Lodge?
ule the area of the Sweat. rt.: e cover with; suffix: ule land. niteli head person in the lodge/house. olpcn, ol build a fire for a Sweat. See: fire. sole somebody who makes fire for a Sweat. prefix: s one who does. nolm heat Sweat rocks. See: fire. nplesnm bring rocks in there. rt.: npil go in (pl.); suffix: sn rock. See: bring. snplesnm somebody who brings rocks in. prefix: s one who does. See: bring. um pick something up using an instrument or tool. (i.e. a needle for beads, a pitchfork for
letn Sticks used in the Sweat. rt.: let talk; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
Sweat Lodge rocks sweater sweep
isn Sweat Lodge rocks. e i lil u isn The rocks are ready (the rocks are red). e i ppe u isn The rocks are glowing hot. e i ppesn The rocks are glowing hot. ssolqs sweater. rt.: su stretch; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes.
slepm, sle sweep/make the floor bare. rt.: sle make bare/clean; suffix: ep, p tree; coming from floor covering which were boughs in the past. slepm S/he swept. n slepm, slepm es slepi S/he is sweeping. nes slepi, es slepi qs slepi S/he is going to sweep. iqs slepi, qs slepi sleepm They swept. qe slepm, p slepm es sleepi They are sweeping. qe es slepi, pes slepi qs sleepi They are going to sweep. qeqs slepi, pqs slepi slepis S/he swept it. slepn, slepnt es slepms S/he is sweeping it. nes slepm, es slepm qs slepms S/he is going to sweep it. iqs slepm, qs slepm sleepis They swept it. qe slepntm, slepntp es sleepms They are sweeping it. qe es slepm, es slepmp qs sleepms They are going to sweep it. qeqs slepm, qs slepmp slepntm It was swept. slepmn broom. slepi Sweep. (comm.) slepnt Sweep it. (comm.)
something p sweep/scrape. rt.: a scrape; prefix: surface; suffix: ep, p tree; coming from s.t. something (s.t.)
floor covering which were boughs in the past.
pm S/he swept. n pm, pm es pi S/he is sweeping. nes pi, es pi qs pi S/he is going to sweep. iqs pi, qs pi apm They swept. qe pm, p pm es api They are sweeping. qe es pi, pes pi qs api They are going to sweep. qeqs pi, pqs pi pis S/he swept it. pn, pnt es pms S/he is sweeping it. nes pm, es pm qs pms S/he is going to sweep it. iqs pm, qs pm
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apis They swept it. qe pntm, pntp es pms They are sweeping it. qe es pm, es pmp qs apms They are going to sweep it. qeqs pm, qs pmp pntm It was swept. pmn broom. pi Sweep. (comm.) pnt Sweep it. (comm.)
sweet
i sugar, sweet. i i Its sweet. i ni Its sweet (liquid). ii i imitation sugar. sci made sugar. saq, sa huckleberry. rt.: i sweet; suffix: aq smell. ni pop, soda, juice, kool-aid; sweet liquid. rt.: i sweet; prefix: n inside; suffix: et
liquid.
nipm eat something sweet. nipm S/he ate s.t. sweet. n nipm, nipm es nipi S/he is eating s.t. sweet. nes nipi, es nipi qs nipi S/he is going to eat s.t. sweet. iqs nipi, qs nipi iqs nipi t pay I going to eat pie. nim put sugar in a liquid. See: sugar.
sweetbread ccu sweetbread. sweet cicely it mss sweet cicely, sweet root. sweet grass sssiye sweet grass. Sweet Grass Hills aalqn Sweet Grass Hills; lit. three peaks. sweet rolls scnile sweet rolls. rt.: i sweet; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. sweet root it mss sweet cicely, sweet root. swell sut swell.
su swollen. psas swelling went down.
swim
nalip, nali swim. nalip S/he/it swam. n nalip, nalip es nalpmi S/he/it is swimming. nes nalpmi, es nalpmi qs nalpmi S/he/it is going to swim. iqs nalpmi, qs nalpmi nalip They swam. qe nalip, p nalip es nalpmi They are swimming. qe es nalpmi, pes nalpmi qs nalpmi They are going to swim. qeqs nalpmi, pqs nalpmi ha es nali Are you swimming? iqs nalpmi I going to swim.
cwl bathe; to sit in the tub. See: bathe. cucwl, cuc bathe; to swim/play in the tub; to be moving around in the water. See:
bathe.
438
ewm The fish swam. es ewi The fish is swiming. qs ewi The fish is going to swim. sew fish.
swing
e swing. ee S/he/it swung. n ee, ee es ee S/he/it is swinging. nes ee, es ee qs ee S/he/it is going to swing. iqs ee, qs ee sne swing.
an swing arms. es ani S/he is swinging his/her arms. nes ani, es ani
syrup
lamn syrup. nsu syrup, stretchy liquid. rt.: su stretch; suffix: et liquid.
T
table
sneintn table for more than one person. rt.: in eat; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
snintn table for one person. rt.: in eat; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snintn little table/TV tray for one person. rt.: in eat; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
table cloth pmn table cloth. tadpole qqaqs, qqa tadpole. tag ttqnnweist play tag.
es ttqnnweisti They are playing tag. qe es ttqnnweisti, pes ttqnnweisti es tqnnweisti They are chasing each other.
tail
sups tail. ssups little tail. spsups many little tails. aps wide tail. rt.: at wide. tnups big tail. rt.: tunt big. yulps bulky large tail. rt.: yult thick in girth. See: girth. iups small tail. qqups narrow tail. ilyelpsm wag a tail. See: wag.
Please write in this book any Salish or English corrections. Also include any comments on translations, layout, and usability. If you have any questions write them in this book. s.t. something Lemlmt Tachini
tailbone stups tailbone. take nem take something.

is S/he/it took s.t./s.o. n, nt es nems S/he/it is taking s.t./s.o. ies nem, as nem qs nems S/he/it is going to take s.t./s.o. iqs nem, aqs nem eis They is took s.t./s.o. qe ntm, ntp
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es nems They are taking s.t./s.o. qe es nem, es nemp qs nems They are going to take s.t./s.o. qeqs nem, qs nemp snem somebody who takes; police. prefix: s one who does. ent Take it. (comm.) cent Give it to me. (comm.) t atwen u eys Tony took it. itam u en I took the wrong one. cetms S/he took it for you. qe cels S/he took it for us. o ent Take me. om take more than one thing. omi Take (things). (comm.) omnt Take them. (comm.) omnt esel t ci tum t esel Take two from there and add two. t ci omi esel emt in u e From five take two; then how many do you have? uym take/bring away. rt.: uy go; prefix: under. uymis S/he/it took it away. uymn, uymnt es uyms S/he/it is taking it away. ies uym, as uym qs uyms S/he/it is going to take it away. iqs uym, aqs uym cntm I pulled it out of the water. cntis S/he pull it out of the water. cntn, cntnt mim take down/dimantle something. mmts S/he took something down. mmtn, mmt mmtes u simis They took down the tipi poles. sipm take something down from up high. sipmstes take something down from up high. sipmsten, sipmste
take care of
nelsm engaged in some activity; have business; take care of something. nelsm S/he/it was engaged in business. n nelsm, nelsm es nelsi S/he/it is engaged in business. nes nelsi, es nelsi qs nelsi S/he/it is going to be engaged in business. iqs nelsi, qs nelsi nelsm They are engaged in business. qe nelsm, p nelsm es nelsi They are engaged in business. qe es nelsi, pes nelsi qs nelsi They are going to be engaged in business. qeqs nelsi, pqs nelsi nelsmis S/he/it took care of s.t. nelsmn, nelsmnt es nelsms S/he/it is taking care of s.t. ies nelsm, as nelsm qs nelsms S/he/it is going to take care of s.t. iqs nelsm, aqs nelsm nelsmis They took care of s.t. qe nelsmntm, nelsmntp es nelsms They are taking care of s.t. qe es nelsm, es nelsmp qs nelsms They are going to take care of s.t. qeqs nelsm, qs nelsmp scnelsts His/her/its business. iscnels, ascnels iqs uy iilqsa n ep scnels Im going to Pablo. I have business there.
im guard/take care of. See: guard. telm put something in the care of someone else. See: care. nct take care of ones self. See: care. et watch over children; babysit. suffix: et, t child, baby.. See: babysit. es mi wake. See: wake.
take off
pim release; free from something; remove something. See: release. 440
pint Remove it, take it off. (comm.) pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. See: hat. ppin remove footwear. See: shoe. pencut undress ones self. See: undress. npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. See: undress. paqsli Remove your clothes. (comm.) See: undress. npit Remove the saddle. (comm.) See: saddle. pusnt Remove the bridle. (comm.) See: bridle. slnct get ones self naked. See: naked.
tale
sllumt, sllu Animal stories, creation stories, coyote stories. (These stories can only be told when the ground is covered with snow and all hibernating animals have gone into hibernation. A good indication that these stories can be told is when the weather is very cold causing trees to pop. ) See: story. iiim tell a story/news. See: tell. llt, l speak/talk. See: speak. uwwl speak formally. See: speak. sllumt, sllu animal stories, creation stories, coyote stories. See: story. sllumt spni November (month of story telling). mmil, mmi meet and talk; have a meeting. See: meet. nelsm talk about someone in a bad way. nelsis S/he talked about s.o. nelsn, nelsnt es nelsms S/he is talking about s.o. ies nelsm, as nelsm qs nelsms S/he is going to talk about s.o. iqs nelsm, aqs nelsm nelsis They talked about s.o. qe nelsntm, nelsntp es nelsms They are talking about s.o. qe es nelsm, es nelsmp qs nelsms They are going to talk about s.o. qeqs nelsm, qs nelsmp eunm People/animals making sounds, make sounds of voices, (i.e.; people talking in the distance; to hear voices you cant understand; animals making sounds). eunm S/he/it made sounds. n eunm, eunm eunis S/he/it sound it. eunn, eunnt eunis They sound it. qe eunntm, eunntp eeunm Each is making sounds. eunm They were making sounds. sneuncn Sound like. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. wm yell, holler; talk shouting. See: holler. ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. nmemecin talk in a bothersome way. rt.: memet bothersome; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the
mouth.
talk
es nmecinms S/he/it is bothering it. ies nmecinm, as nmecinm qs nmecinms S/he/it is bothering it. iqs nmecinm, aqs nmecinm es nmecinms They are bothering it. qe es nmecinm, es nmecinmp qs nmecinms They are bothering it. qeqs nmecinm, qs nmecinmp nmemecin have bothersome talk; to talk too much. ies mecinm Im bothering him. scinm talk good. rt.: w/prefix: s good; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. scinm S/he talked good. scinm, scinm es scini S/he is talking good. nes scini, es scini
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qs scini S/he is going to talk good. iqs scini, aqs scini scinm They talked good. qe scinm, scinm es scini They are talking good. qe es scini, es scini qs scini They are going to talk good. qeqs scini, qs scini scinmis S/he talked good about s.o. scinmn, scinmnt es scinms S/he is talking good about s.o. ies scinm, as scinm qs scinms S/he is going to talk good about s.o. iqs scinm, aqs scinm scinmis They talked good about s.o. qe scinmntm, scinmntp es scinms They are talking good about s.o. qe es scinm, es scinmp qs scinms They are going to talk good about s.o. qeqs scinm, qs scinmp ime scinm You should talk good. scinm talk bad. rt.: w/prefix: s bad; circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. scinm S/he talked bad. scinm, scinm es scini S/he is talking bad. nes scini, es scini qs scini S/he is going to talk bad. iqs scini, aqs scini scinm They talked bad. qe scinm, scinm es scini They are talking bad. qe es scini, es scini qs scini They are going to talk bad. qeqs scini, qs scini scinmis S/he talked bad about s.o. ies scinmn, scinmnt es scinms S/he is talking bad about s.o. ies scinm, as scinm qs scinms S/he is going to talk bad about s.o. iqs scinm, aqs scinm scinmis They talked bad about s.o. qe scinmntm, scinmntp es scinms They are talking bad about s.o. qe es scinm, es scinmp qs scinms They are going to talk bad about s.o. qeqs scinm, qs scinmp scnmnwist, scnmnw quarrel; to say bad words to each other. prefix: s bad; infix
cin action of the mouth; suffix: we action to each other. See: quarrel.
ta qes scinm Dont talk bad. tam ies scinm Im not saying anything bad about you. neyecnm talk evil/bad. neyecnm S/he talked evil. n neyecnm, neyecnm es neyecni S/he is talking evil. nes neyecni, es neyecni qs neyecni S/he is going to talk evil. iqs neyecni, qs neyecni ta qes neyecnm Dont talk evil. nmtmtcin talk no-good words. See: nogood. nmtmtcin S/he talked no-good words. n nmtmtcin, nmtmtcin es nmtmtcini S/he is talking no-good words. nes nmtmtcini, es nmtmtcini qs nmtmtcini S/he is going to talk no-good words. iqs nmtmtcini, qs nmtmtcini nmtmtcin They talked no-good words. qe nmtmtcin, p nmtmtcin es nmtmtcini They are talking no-good words. qe es nmtmtcini, pes nmtmtcini qs nmtmtcini They are going to talk no-good words. qeqs nmtmtcini, pqs nmtmtcini ta qes nmtmtcinm Dont talk with no-good words. wecnm hide your talk by whispering, by talking a different language; to talk secretly; gossip. See: gossip. uecn finish talking. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. uecn S/he it finished talking. n uecn, uecn tnmscin talk big; brag. See: brag. acin speak up once in a while. 442
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command to Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
nnucin Saying one word at a time. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. nueecn talk small. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. sllpcin not figure out what to say. rt.: sllim confused. See: confuse. sllpcan make a mistake; mixed up words. incn talk some. rt.: in how much; some; suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. incn S/he talked some. n incn, incn es incni S/he is talking some. nes incni, es incni qs incni S/he is going to talk some. iqs incni, qs incni
tall tnl tall. tallow se tallow. tamarack cl western larch; tamarack. tame sst, ss gentle, tame
esy u ss Theyre all tame. es to S/he/it is tame/straight. tnuntm S/he/it was straightened out/trained.
tan
i tan hides. im S/he tanned. n im, im es ii S/he is tanning. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to tan. iqs ii, qs ii im They tanned. qe im, p im es ii They are tanning. qe es ii, pes ii qs ii They are going to tan. qeqs ii, pqs ii es ii S/he is tanning hides repeatedly. nes ii, es ii p make soft as in hide tanning. e p, m unt When it is soften up, you rub it back and forth. e p m nte When its softened, you sew it up. umlm smoke buckskin. See: smoke. scuml Smoked hide. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. i p faded/tan in color. p buckskin horse (color).
tangle yalil Its got coiled up; wrapped up; tangled. tape cpem tape something. rt.: ca stick.
See: coil.
cpem S/he taped. n cpem, cpem es cpmi S/he is taping. nes cpmi, es cpmi qs cpmi S/he is going to tape. iqs cpmi, qs cpmi cpem They taped. qe cpem, p cpem es cpmi They are taping. qe es cpmi, pes cpmi qs cpmi They are going to tape. qeqs cpmi, pqs cpmi cpntes S/he taped s.t. cpnten, cpnte es cpems S/he is taping s.t. ies cpem, as cpem qs cpems S/he is going to tape s.t. iqs cpem, aqs cpem cpntes They taped s.t. qe cpntem, cpntep es cpems They are taping s.t. qe es cpem, es cpemp qs cpems They are going to tape s.t. qeqs cpem, qs cpemp
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sccpmin something thats been taped. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. cpmin tape. cpmi Tape. (comm.) cpmint Tape it. (comm.) ste u as cpem What are you taping? ha aqs cpem Are you going to tape it? lomintn something to put onto; recording tape. See: record.
tarragon qpqptp, qpqpt sage, mug worm, tarragon. taste try, sample. See: try.
ni taste a liquid. t Taste it. (comm.) I tasted it. see, se It tastes good. ha se Does it taste good? se he It tastes good, doesnt it? nset The liquid tastes good. suffix: et, t liquid. see, se It tastes bad. ha se Does it taste bad? se he It tastes bad, doesnt it? nset The liquid tastes bad. suffix: et, t liquid.
tasteless tattle
w Tasteless; weak tasted (not strong). n weak, tasteless liquid (i.e., coffee). nmip tattle. nmipa S/he tattled. n nmipa, nmipa es nmipa S/he is tattling. nes nmipa, es nmipa qs nmipa S/he is going to tattle. iqs nmipa, qs nmipa nmipa They tattled. qe nmipa, p nmipa es nmipa They are tattling. qe es nmipa, pes nmipa qs nmipa They are going to tattle. qeqs nmipa, pqs nmipa snmimipa somebody who tattles. prefix: s one who does. es nmimipnwei They are telling on each other. nmimipnwei nmipmist tell on ones self; to confess. See: confess. qe es nmimipnwei, pes
em nmipa S/he will tattle. em n nmipa, em nmipa em nmipa They will tattle. em qe nmipa, em p nmipa nmipa ci eutm The little girl tattled. nmyp tattle on someone. nmypis S/he tattled on s.o. nmypn, nmypnt es nmypms S/he is tattling on s.o. ies nmypm, as nmypm qs nmypms S/he is going to tattle on s.o. iqs nmypm, aqs nmypm snmypm somebody who tattles. prefix: s one who does. nmipncut tattle on ones self. nmipncut S/he tattled on his/her self. n nmipncut, nmipncut es nmipncuti S/he is tattling on his/her self. nes nmipncuti, es nmipncuti qs nmipncuti S/he is going to tattle on his/her self. iqs nmipncuti, qs nmipncuti
tattoo
ie tattoo. 444
tavern
snssustn, snssu tavern, bar room. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
te
tea teach
liti tea. sti liti, stliti. mountain tea, Labrador tea. ie teach. es iems S/he is teaching s.o. ies iem, as iem iscie my teachings. sim teacher; somebody that tells/explains. prefix: s one who does. u sim those teachers.
teacher
ictn teacher. suffix: ...tn means of/device. sieimi teacher. prefix: s one who does.
tea kettle tear
snimn tea kettle.
snmn tea kettle. lip rip/tear/pull apart. lip S/he/it ripped (s.t.). n lip, lip es lpmi S/he/it is tearing (s.t.). nes lpmi, es lpmi qs lpmi S/he/it is going to tear (s.t.). iqs lpmi, qs lpmi lip They ripped (s.t.). qe lip, p lip es lpmi They are tearing (s.t.). qe es lpmi, pes lpmi qs lpmi They are going to tear (s.t.). qeqs lpmi, pqs lpmi nts S/he/it ripped it. ntn, nt es lims S/he/it is tearing s.t. ies lim, as lim qs lims S/he/it is going to tear s.t. iqs lim, aqs lim ntes They ripped it. qe ntm, ntp es lims They are tearing s.t. qe es lim, es limp qs lims They are going to tear s.t. qeqs lim, qs limp es llpmi S/he/it is repeatedly tearing (s.t.). nes llpmi, es llpmi nts S/he/it ripped s.t. to shreds. ntn, nt es il Its tore. ntm It was ripped by s.o./s.t. lule plow. rt.: il tear; suffix: ule land. See: plow. li tear a covering/wrapping off (i.e., a wrapping off a present, etc.). See: open up. nts isim t sm The grizzly ripped my blanket to shreds. drum is broke (hide is torn). ant es llpmi ci imin Look, s/he
s.t. something (s.t.) something ip u inpumin My s.o. implied someone is shreading that paper. P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
tears
sawawpus tears. rt.: awup drip; circumfix: us, s eyes. awawpus cry; have tears. awawpus S/he had tears. n awawpus, awawpus es awawpusi S/he has tears. nes awawpusi, es awawpusi qs awawpusi S/he going to have tears. iqs awawpusi, qs awawpusi heti tease. es hetis S/he/it is teasing him/her/it. ies heti, as heti
tease
445
es hetis They are teasing him/her/it. qe es heti, es hetip ies heti I am teasing you. moml teasing by words. momis S/he/it teased s.o. momn, momnt momis They teased s.o. qe momntm, momntp momntm S/he/it was teased. poscnm tease/joke. See: joke.
teeter totter
sntat, sntat teeter totter. tat S/he teeter tottered. n tat, tat es tati S/he is teeter tottering. nes tati, es tati qs tati S/he is going to teeter tottering. iqs tati, qs tati tata They teeter tottered. qe tat, p tat es tatai They are teeter tottering. qe es tati, pes tati qs tatai They are going to teeter tottering. qeqs tati, pqs tati tooth. teeth.
teeth
nseys good tooth. nsseys good teeth. nseystn orthodontics; braces. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nululmeys metal teeth; capped teeth. nseys bad tooth. nsseys bad teeth. ntlpeys break a tooth. ntlpeys S/he broke a tooth. n ntlpeys, ntlpeys ntlpeysis S/he broke s.o.s tooth. ntlpeysn, ntlpeysnt es ntlpeysms S/he breaking s.o.s tooth. ies ntlpeysm, as ntlpeysm qs ntlpeysms S/he going to break s.o.s tooth. iqs ntlpeysm, aqs ntlpeysm ntltlpeys S/he broke teeth. n ntltlpeys, ntltlpeys ntltlpeysis S/he broke s.o.s teeth. ntltlpeysn, ntltlpeysnt o ntlpeysnt You broke my tooth. unt ane e wis in Brush (clean) your teeth after eating. ntoqeys lose teeth. em ntoqeys You will lose your teeth. snami elk teeth.
telephone
snlltltn telephone; talk with wood. rt.: lltal talk on wood; prefix:
sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
snsltn telephone, telegraph; hit wood.

es saltm You have a phone call. snsllwistn cell phone. rt.: sl hit on
going around; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
television snactn television, movie. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. tell cu say/speak to somebody or something; inform; provide information about something.
cnm S/he/it said. n cnm, cnm
s.t. something (s.t.) something rt.: sl hit wood; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: s.o. implied someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally wood; prefix: sn a place of; suffix: lwis indicate Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
446
es cuti S/he/it is saying. nes cuti, es cuti qs cuti S/he/it is going to say. iqs cuti, qs cuti cunm They said. qe cnm, p cnm es cuti They are saying. qe es cuti, pes cuti qs cuti They are going to say. qeqs cuti, pqs cuti cis S/he/it said it to s.o. cn, cnt es cunms S/he/it is saying it to s.o. ies cunm, as cunm qs cunms S/he/it is going to say it to s.o. iqs cunm, aqs cunm cuis They said it to s.o. qe cntm, cntp es cunms They are saying it to s.o. qe es cunm, es cunmp qs cunms They are going to say it to s.o. qeqs cunm, qs cunmp cntm something was said to him/her/it. o cntm, cntm cunt Say it to s.o. (comm.) em cunm S/he will say. em n cunm, em cunm em cunm They will say. em qe cunm, em p cunm em cuis S/he will say it to s.o. em cun, em cunt em qs cunms S/he will be saying it to s.o. em iqs cunm, em aqs cunm em cuis They will say it to s.o. em qe cuntm, em cuntp em qs cunms They will be saying it to s.o. em qeqs cunm, em qs cunmp cuntm ei oye S/he was told, "what did you say for me?" qe culs S/he said to us. qe cult We were told. ie ies cunm This Im telling. we cun I did tell. ma e we cuncn ep ie sma See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows. e explain; tell; show. See: explain. iiim tell a story/news. qs iiim S/he is going to tell a story. iqs iiim, qs iiim iiits S/he told s.o. iiitn, iiit iiit Tell him/her your news. (comm.) iiit Tell them your news. (comm.) siiim somebody who tells stories. prefix: s one who does. sii story; news; something thats been told. es iitwei Theyre telling each other stories. qe es iitwei, pes iitwei es iictisti S/he is telling stories to his/her self. nes iictisti, es iictisti ha ep sii Do you have news? ste asii What is your news? ste u sii What is the news? t ste m qe iiitm u qe siem What will we tell our teacher? qe iiils teste Tell us something. siis Their stories.
tell off
hawawl tell off; yell at someone. hawaw S/he told off. n hawaw, hawaw hawawsts S/he told s.o. off. hawawstn, hawawst es hawstwai They are telling each other off. qe es hawstwai, pes hawstwai
temples ten
niitus temples.
upn ten. upn ten people. upn sns dime.
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upnst prefix indicating ten, with a suffix forming a full word. upnstst ten days. suffix: ast sky, day. upnste ten houses. suffix: e house. nupnstep ten eggs. circumfix: nep egg. upnstsn ten rocks. suffix: sn rock. upn prefix indicating ten, with whole word. upnsqe, clsq ten domestic animals or cars.
tender
i tender (as, a sore spot).
s tender foot (as a horse). mmi tender footed horse (sore footed). i fragile, easily broken, breakable. es nite It falls apart easily; its tender. (i.e., meat.) mi es nite The (meat) is too tender; it falls apart easily.
tender foot
tense
s tender foot of a horse.
yomnct, yomncu. make ones self become rigid/tense. yomnct S/he became tense. n yomnct, yomnct es yomncti S/he is becoming tense. nes yomncti, es yomncti qs yomncti S/he is going to become tense. iqs yomncti, qs yomncti yomnct toughen up; become rigid/tense. (comm.)
e jumpy, nervous, edgy. See: nervous.
tent testicle
sl tent. mp testicle. mmp testicles. epls suffix indicating testicles. nmlmlpls, nmlml male animal; bull, stallion. suffix: epls testicle. napls gelding. suffix: epls testicle. es numpls casterated.
thankful thanks that
lmt glad; thankful. See: glad. lmtemn someone who always likes to be thankful. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. lmlmt thanks. rt.: lmt glad; to be thankful. See: glad. that; there. u that. ie that specifically. there. in/on there. n in there; involved. i that very one; the same one.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word ste u What is that? u tisi pusts That ones Big Blanket cat. es n S/he comm. Command was in it, s/he was involved. ta tam oy u es nsucnmi u es cuyms tam oy Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively No, Its not me Hes come proposing to Hes come for her, not me. e ssams ue i.e., That is, - Redirection That close to the road. st u u a Why did you do that? e ye i e e See: related word. to a
nu e ye i e This darn one here, that darn one there. ci those, that. ci y that.
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es st ci ett What did you do with that hide? ci pspus those cats.
thaw their
es omulei The ground is starting to thaw (at the end of winter). cni, cni It is theirs; it is them. m sasts It was their rabbit. sasts their rabbit. q sasts Its going to their rabbit. omqis their hair. spuusts their heart.
them then
cni, cni It is theirs; it is them. sic new; right then; right now; recent. See: new. em qe wis wm m sic qe ein We will finish praying, and then we can eat. e wis nuqpce m sic ocqe qs plemi When you finish washing the dishes then you can go outside to play ball.
emt then; in continuation. i emt then; in continuation. emt esy u npiyels Then everyone was happy. emt ste u qeqs yonunm yeta Then what are we going to learn today? i emt u mipnuis u qe es acstm u tlo Just then he found out we were watching him and he ran away. e then. e ye i e e nu e ye i e (Then) this darn one here, (then) that darn one there. m is tumi t sin Then go buy some food.
there
there. there. In/on there. put u e It is right there. m It used to be there. u ie ttim t sit u t ssi Theres where they got white clay long ago. ha Is it there? u incit There is my house.
ici that very one over there (specific). ici u incit My house is that very one over there. ci ci over there (specific). ci ci u incit My house is that one over there. uwe that over there. uwe u incit My house is over there. u u over there (general). u u u incit My house is over in that direction. ci ye Those over there. ye e over there (redirecting). ye c e little this way (toward speaker)(redirecting). ye e little over there (redirecting). ye e Here, this place. ye e u incit My house is over this way.
Theresa thick
Tl Theresa. pit thick. 449
elspit How thick is it? ste u spits What is its thickness? nppqs hog, pig (has a thick nose.) spqin head. (thick top) yult thick/big girth/around. (Of cylindrical objects.) See: girth. aqt wide. See: wide.
thicket thief
nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket. sa thief, crook. prefix: s one who does.
nan thief. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. t snspnt u n uw t u wilwt u o namis Last year when I went away those sly ones stole from me.
thieving
nam steal/thieve. See: steal.
wil wicked, thieving. wilwt being smart in a sly way. u wilwt u o namis Those sly ones stole from me.
thigh thimble
smlpstn thighs. pst; p thimble. rt.: p slip over; pestm S/he used a thimble. n pestm, pestm es pesti S/he is using a thimble. nes pesti, es pesti qs pesti S/he is going to use a thimble. iqs pesti, qs pesti plplqn thimble berry. lq thin. i lq Its thin.
thimble berry thin
i s poor, lean, skinny. qqe narrow. qqee S/he is skinny.
things think
stte things; stuff.
naqsm many things not the same. paem think. paem S/he thought. n paem, paem es pami S/he is thinking. nes pami, es pami qs pami S/he is going to think. iqs pami, qs pami paem They thought. qe paem, p paem es pami They are thinking. qe es pami, pes pami qs pami They are going to think. qeqs pami, pqs pami pants S/he thought about s.o./s.t. pantn, pant es paems S/he is thinking about s.o./s.t. ies paem, as paem qs paems S/he is going to think about s.o./s.t. iqs paem, aqs paem pantes They thought about s.o./s.t. qe pantm, pantp es paems They are thinking about s.o./s.t. qe es paem, es paemp qs paems They are going to think about s.o./s.t. qeqs paem, qs paemp pasts S/he thought about s.o./s.t. pastn, past es pastes S/he is thinking about s.o./s.t. es pasten, es paste 450
qs pastes S/he is going to think about s.o./s.t. qs pasten, qs paste pastes They thought about s.o./s.t. qe pastm, pastp es pastes They are thinking about s.o./s.t. qe es pastem, es pastep qs pastes They are going to think about s.o./s.t. qeqs pastem, qs pastep es ppami S/he is thinking things over. nes papami, es papami es papami S/he is thinking and thinking. nes papami, es papami es papaems S/he is thinking and thinking about s.o./s.t. ies papaem, as papaem panuis S/he just thought of it. panun, panunt es panunms S/he is just thinking of it. ies panunm, as panunm ppamu The individual that thinks about things. suffix: mu the individual who
always does.
ppanu The individual that always thinks. scp thought, an idea, something that is thought of.
done/made/prepared.
paent Think about it. (comm.) scntses m npamin estimate. em paem S/he will think. em n paem, em paem em paem They will think. em qe paem, em p paem e ies paem anwi I am thinking something good about you. ta es pasten u I didnt think that. t sme tas panuis ste u puntm Grizzly couldnt think of why s/he got beat. es pptwili S/he is getting smart. nes pptwili, es pptwili ntels, nte want; think about.
See: want.
e nte What does s/he think/want? e nte What do you think/want? nes nt t ululim Im thinking about money. tam nes nt I dont want to. nte u hoyyho u splstw They decided to quit killing each other. nte snpent u cnic How old do you think s/he is? pusminm think about somebody. Rt. spus heart. pusmis S/he thought about s.o. pusmin, pusmint es pusminms S/he is think of s.o. ies pusminm, as pusminm qs pusminms S/he is going to think of s.o. iqs pusminm, aqs pusminm o pusmis S/he thought of me. (said after you sneeze.) pusminc S/he thought of you.
(said to someone after s/he sneezes.)
heart.
npustin thinking/talking of somebody then they show up or you run into them. Rt. spus ey u npustin Thats who I was thinking of. ies npustinmm I was just about you. pusule thinking of a certain place/area/land. Rt. spus heart. es pusulei S/he is thinking of a place. nes pusulei, es pusulei nmyelsmn Im thinking about something.
See: respect.
ntnelsm think highly of somebody; show respect for somebody; have trust for somebody.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied thinking s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
thirst
nmpcin, nmpci thirsty; have a dry mouth. Rt: a dry; circumfix: ncin, cn action of
the mouth.
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nmpcin S/he/it was thirsty. n nmpcin, nmpcin es nmpcini S/he/it is thirsty. nes nmpcini, es nmpcini qs nmpcini S/he/it is going to be thirsty. iqs nmpcini, qs nmpcini es nmmpcini Each one of them are thirsty. qe es nmmpcini, pes nmmpcini
thirteen-lined squirrel thirty
ssai golden mantled squirrel, thirteen-lined squirrel.
elupn, elu thirty. ih here; this in hand. ihe these here in hand. ihe u isnittn This is my bed.
this
ie this, here. ste ie What is this? ie this. (more specific than ie. An answer to a question as if saying Well this is the one.) ye this right here. ye e Here; in this place, time. ye cit In this house. ye town In this town. ye qepc In this spring. ci y cit S/he moved into this house. e ye i e e nu e ye i e This darn one here, that darn one there. cun ye smem I told this woman. e this here. n e I am here.
thistle
sqtm elk thistle, celery.
qiq cocklebur.
Thomson Falls seyum Thomson Falls. thorn u thorn. thorn tree senep, seen thorn bush, thorn tree, hawthorn.
sene thorn berry. snpal, snpa thorn wood, coyote wood.
thought
scp thought, an idea, something that is thought of. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
iscpa my thought/idea. paem think. See: think.
thousand
opnstqn one thousand. eslopstqn two thousand. hnmopnstqn eight thousand.
thr
thrash
sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas).
sim strick w/ object. See: hit.
sim S/he thrashed. n sim, sim es smi S/he is thrashing. nes smi, es sim qs smi S/he is going to thrash. iqs smi, qs sim sim They thrashed. qe sim, p sim
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively rt.: i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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es smi They are thrashing. qe es smi, pes smi es smi They are going to thrash. qeqs smi, pqs smi sntes S/he thrashed it. snten, snte es sims S/he is thrashing it. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he is going to thrash it. iqs sim, aqs sim sntes They thrashed it. qe sntes, sntep es sims They are thrashing it. qe es sim, es simp es sims They are going to thrash it. qeqs sim, qs simp si Thrash. (comm.) sint Thrash it. (comm.) qw thrash wheat; stepping on wheat. es qwa S/he is walking on the wheat to thrash it.
thread three
spqs thread.
e three. upn e e fifteen. ee five people.
el prefix indicating three combined with another affix forming a full word. alst three days. suffix: ast sky, day. ele three houses. suffix: e house. nelep three eggs. circumfix: nep egg. elsn three rocks. suffix: sn rock. el prefix indicating three with whole word. elupn thirty, three tens. alsqe, alsq three domestic animals or cars. The is dropped when preceding an s.
Three Forks ttpe Three Forks of Missouri. lit. confluence of rivers. three hundred elnoqn, elnoq three hundred. threw cminm throw something. See: throw. throat soplt throat; wind pipe.
palt, plt suffix indicating throat. noplt My throat itches. namplt dry throat. (i.e., eating chokecherries, etc.) nmpolt burned mouth. nmpsametn burned throat. spin neck.
through
ct go through or past. See: pass.
iu pass through, go through. See: pass. nlil go through trees. See: tree. scusi, scusi go over a mountain pass. See: pass. ust, u finish working, to be done working. See: finish. su through something. es mim They are pushed/slid/rammed through. es im It is pushed/slid/rammed through.
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throw
cminm throw an object. cmis S/he/it threw s.t. cmin, cmint es cminms S/he/it is throwing s.t. ies cminm, as cminm qs cminms S/he/it is going to throw s.t. iqs cminm, aqs cminm cmis They threw s.t. qe cmintm, cmintp es cminms They are throwing s.t. qe es cminm, es cminmp qs cminms They are going to throw s.t. qeqs cminm, qs cminmp cmint Throw it. (comm.) ccmint Throw it to me . (comm.) cmit Throw it to somebody. (comm.) ncmint Throw it inside. (comm.) o ccmit Throw it to me. t swe u cmis Who threw it? yoyoscmint Throw it hard.
ncmnet throw objects into the water. suffix: et, t liquid. ncmnetis S/he throw it in the water. ncmnetn, ncmnetnt es ncmnnetms S/he is throwing it in the water. ies ncmnnetm, as ncmnnetm qs ncmnnetms S/he is going to throw it in the water. iqs ncmnnetm, aqs ncmnnetm cmnastm throw up into the sky. suffix: ast sky, day. cmnastis S/he throw it up to the sky. cmnastn, cmnastnt es cmnastms S/he is throwing it up to the sky. ies cmnastm, as cmnastm qs cmnastms S/he is going to throw it up to the sky. iqs cmnastm, aqs cmnastm ncmnusm throw in the fire. ncmusis S/he throw it in the fire. ncmusn, ncmusnt es ncmnusms S/he is throwing it in the fire. ies ncmnusm, as ncmnusm qs ncmnusms S/he is going to throw it in the fire. iqs ncmnusm, aqs ncmnusm taqin Throw an object at someone or something. taqis S/he threw it at s.o./s.t. taqin, taqint es taqinms S/he is throwing it at s.o./s.t. ies taqinm, as taqinm qs taqinms S/he is going to throw it at s.o./s.t. iqs taqinm, aqs taqinm isl scatter things out; to throw things away (i.e. peelings, scraps, etc.). See: scatter. el Strs. rt., abandon, throw away, leave. See: abandon.
thrush iwu northern oriole, Bullocks oriole; hermit thrush. thumb stust thumb; sucking finger. rt.: um suck. See: suck. thumb wrestle tumstweist thumb wrestle each other.
es tumstweisti Theyre thumb wrestling each other. tumstweisti iqs tumstm Im going to thumb wrestle you. syulst thumb; thick finger. rt.: yult thick in girth. See: girth. qe es tumstweisti,
thunder
sll thunder. es lla Its thundering.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied pes s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
pppuwa pppuwa sound of thunder. 454
Thursday tick tickle
most, mo Thursday. suffix: ast sky, day. e ti mst Its Thursday again. ci t smost last Thursday. ci ti most u n e ci On the fourth day I got back. n woodtick.
qsqsn tickle. suffix: ...en within. nqsqsenis S/he tickled s.o. nqsqsenn, nqsqsennt es qsqsenms S/he is tickling s.o. ies qsqsenm, as qsqsenm qs qsqsenms S/he is going to tickle s.o. iqs qsqsenm, aqs qsqsenm nqsqsenis They tickled s.o. nqsqsenntm, nqsqsenntp es qsqsenms They are tickling s.o. qe es qsqsenm, es qsqsenmp qs qsqsenms They are going to tickle s.o. qeqs qsqsenm, qs qsqsenmp em qes qsqsenms S/he will be tickling s.o. em iqes qsqsenm, em aqes qsqsenm em qes qsqsenms They will be tickling s.o. em qeqes qsqsenm, em qes qsqsenmp nqsqsennt Tickle him/her. (comm.) iqs nqsqsenm Im going to tickle you. o nqsqsennt Tickle me.
tie
acim tie. acim S/he tied. n acim, acim es acmi S/he is tying. nes acmi, es acmi qs acmi S/he is going to tie. iqs acmi, qs acmi acim They tied. qe acim, acim es acmi They are tying. qe es acmi, es acmi qs acmi They are going to tie. qeqs acmi, qs acmi acnts S/he tied s.t. acntn, acnt es acis S/he is tying s.t. ies aci, as aci qs acis S/he is going to tie s.t. iqs aci, aqs aci acntes They tied s.t. qe acntm, acntp es acis They are tying s.t. qe es aci, es acip qs acis They are going to tie s.t. qeqs aci, qs acip es acacmi S/he is tying. nes acacmi, es acacmi es acacis S/he is tying things. ies acaci, as acaci es ac It is tied. sacim somebody who ties. prefix: s one who does. acemn someone that always likes to tie. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. acacmu The individual that always ties. suffix: mu the individual who always does. accne Shoe string. aci Tie. (comm.) acmis Tie it. (comm.) acint Tie it. (comm.) aces Tied together. iqs actem Im going to tie something of his. ies acte I am tying something of acstmin I tied you. acint assasn Tie your shoes. acule tied to the ground; staked to the ground. acule S/he/it was tied. n acule, acule es aculei S/he/it is tied. nes aculei, es acule qs aculei S/he/it is going to be tied. iqs aculei, qs acule
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally his. Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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im tie up. im S/he tied (s.t.) up. n im, im es mi S/he is tying (s.t.) up. nes mi, es mi qs mi S/he is going to tie (s.t.) up. iqs mi, qs mi im They tied (s.t.) up. qe im, im es mi They are tying (s.t.) up. qe es mi, pes mi qs mi They are going to tie (s.t.) up. qeqs mi, pqs mi ntes S/he tied s.o./s.t. up. nten, nte es ims S/he is tying s.o./s.t. up. ies im, as im qs ims S/he is going to tie s.o./s.t. up. iqs im, aqs im ntes They tied s.o./s.t. up. qe ntem, ntep es ims They are tying s.o./s.t. up. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to tie s.o./s.t. up. qeqs im, qs imp es mi S/he is repeatedly tying (s.t.) up. nes mi, es mi es ims S/he is repeatedly tying s.o./s.t. up. ies im, as im ntem S/he/it was tied up by s.o. o ntem, ntem es i S/he/it is tied up. nes i, es i sim somebody who ties up. prefix: s one who does. emn someone who always likes to tie up. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. mu the individual that always ties up. suffix: mu the individual who always does. i Tie up. (comm.) mis Tie it up. (comm.) int Tie it up. (comm.) snlestn, snle belt. rt.: i tie up; prefix: sn a place of; infix: s middle, center; suffix: llisqxe, llisq hobble a horse.
tiger tight tilt
stismye mountain lion, cougar. n tight. i n Its tight. es nmm squeeze. wl tilt; tip from a standing postion. (i.e., tree, pole, etc.) es wm It is tilted; its tipped. wwe tipping from side to side. wwl Im waddling (as a duck). See: waddle.
timber wolf time
nicn timber wolf. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. i nicn gray wolf. spnt year. tapist never. tspis yesterday. sessp two-year-old. es iti begining of time or first time.
upn ct ntqi ten past noon. upn ct upn ten past ten. e t upn m ntqin ten till noon. e t upn m upn ten till ten. sut ct syesmse half past midnight. a esel little after 2:00. in What time is it?
456
in m qit What time will you wake? e in What time is it? put u in What time is it? in m e ci What time will you get back? nu suffix indicating going through the time of; getting to be/becoming. See: getting.
Timothy grass sti, ntsqyn Timothy grass. tin stp can, tin. tip sa tip.
ell roll over; tip over. (i.e., a car, etc.) il tip something over. nil S/he/it tipped into (s.t.) n nil, nil ilsts S/he tipped s.t. over. ilstn, ilst ilsts They tipped s.t. over. qe ilstm, ilstp nil snlotn u supi Sophie tipped into the pig pen. nwalqn tip the head back. (Also, a saying to be drinking alcohol.) es nwalqni S/he/it is tipping his/her head. nes nwalqni, es nwalqni es nwlwalqni S/he/it is tipping his/her head side to side. nwalqi Tip your head. (comm.) wl tilt; tip from a standing postion. (i.e., tree, pole, etc.) See: tilt.
tipi
simu, simu, tipi. siimu more than one tipi. es imu The tipi is up. si tipi. es i simu They were lying down in the tipi. nli es i They went around the camp. spn, spn tipi, canvas lodge. sie tipi, buckskin tipi. soe willow, reed tipi; medicine lodge. scw medicine lodge. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. u ist e u scw In winter a medicine lodge was made. siimn pole, tipi pole. siiimn tipi poles. pe, pe stake. nalpnctn tipi door. rt.: al hang; circumfix np opening. utlen lacing pins. suffix: ...en within. nmpe, nmpe back of the tipi (inside). mpe, mpe back of the tipi (outside). nmep front of the tipi. mqne, mqne top of tipi (outside). nmqne, nmqne top of tipi (inside). om put up the tied poles of a tipi. See: tipi poles e, suffix indicating tipi or house. im put up a tipi. im S/he put up a tipi. n im, im es ii S/he is putting up a tipi. nes ii, es ii qs ii S/he is going to put up a tipi. iqs ii, qs ii
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iis S/he put up the tipi. in, int iiis They put up the tipi. qe intm, intp pem put a stake in the ground for the tipi. pem S/he put the stake in. n pem, pem es pei S/he is putting the stake in. nes pei, es pei qs pei S/he is going to put the stake in. iqs pei, qs pei pem They put the stake in. qe pem, p pem es pei They are putting the stake in. qe es pei, pes pei qs pei They are going to put the stake in. qeqs pei, pqs pei pei Put the stake in. (comm.) nacqne The poles are tied at the top. nacqnem S/he tied the top of the poles. n nacqnem, nacqnem es nacqnei S/he is tying the top of the poles. nes nacqnei, es nacqnei qs nacqnei S/he is going to tie the top of the poles. iqs nacqnei, qs nacqnei nacqnem They tied the top of the poles. qe nacqnem, p nacqnem es nacqnei They are tying the top of the poles. qe es nacqnei, pes nacqnei qs nacqnei They are going to tie the top of the poles. qeqs nacqnei, pqs nacqnei ne one house. esle two house. ele three house. mus four house. clste five house. nste six house. se seven house. henme eight house. te nine house. upnste ten house. upn e ne eleven house. e bunch of houses.
tipi poles
siimn pole, tipi pole. siiimn tipi poles.
om put up the tied poles. (i.e., tipi poles, etc.) rt.: al poles lashed together. ntes S/he put up the tied poles. nten, nte es oms S/he is putting up the tied poles. ies om, as om qs oms S/he is going to put up the tied poles. iqs om, aqs om ntes They put up the tied poles. qe ntem, ntep es om They are putting up the tied poles. qe es om, es omp qs om They are going to put up the tied poles. qeqs om, qs omp ent Put up the poles that are tied together; make the base. (comm.)
tire tired
suyn car tire. minenetn hubcap. suffix: ...tn means of/device. yt physically tired. ayt S/he got tired. n ayt, ayt es ayti S/he is tired. nes ayti, es ayti qs ayti S/he is going to be tired. iqs ayti, qs ayti ayayt They got tired. qe ayayt, p ayayt es ayayti They are tired. qe es ayayti, pes ayayti qs ayayti They are going to be tired. qeqs ayayti, pqs ayayti aytmis S/he got tired of it. aytmn, aytmnt ayyt tiresome. aymscut, aymscu tire out ones self. es aymscuti S/he is tiring out his/her self. nes aymscuti, es aymscuti
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mali es ayti tas it tse Mary is tired because she didnt sleep last night. aytmncn I am tired of you. ta o qes aytmnt Dont get tired of me. we nes ayti I was tired. we qe es ayayti We were tired. cstumn I got you tired. cstums S/he/it got you tired. o cstes It made me tired. o cstem u qe scist Our walk made me tired. es a It is a pile of mess, something soft (i.e. excrement, person, softness); figuratively, feel tired and
loose. (If someone has a big belly you can say es a about their belly.) See: pile.
es a S/he feels tired and loose. nes a, es a i nes a I dont feel good or I feel loose. a played out; to have no energy; to be tired. hoy a S/he is played out, no more energy. hoy n a Im tired, just laying there like mud. nweyls lazy/tired; hate to do work; do something haphazardly. See: lazy. pict exhausted, tired. See: exhausted. ilmnaqs exhausted, played out. See: exhausted. iti sleepy. See: sleepy. ll bored. See: bored.
tired of aw tired of. tiresome ayyt tiresome. toad snane, sna toad. toast ese toast. toaster snustn toaster. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. tobacco sm something smoked. (i.e., tobacco, etc.)
m smoke. See: smoke. snm, snm smoking pipe. i smell like smoke. See: smoke. sno chewing tobacco.
today
yetst, yet now, today. suffix: ast sky, day. mlmst nes cuca yetst I was swimming all day today.
toe sin toe. ssin toes. rt.: i protrude; suffix: in, n feet. toe nail qin, qi toe nail, finger nail, claws. together qmim connect together.
qmis S/he/it connected s.t. together. qmin, qmint esya ci eai sii m qmint Connect all the same colors together. ms standing together. es nmes They are sitting by each other. qe es nmes We are sitting by each other. pes nmes You all are sitting by each other. es nmes Each group is sitting by each other (i.e. on bleachers at a game).
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es seslm both, together. es slm both, together. i aai all together. n - prefix indicating together with, do with. See: with. nwen dance together with someone. See: war dance.
toilet
sntn toilet. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. iqs is Im going to go crap.
sn toilet, outhouse. prefix: sn a place of. nan potty. iqs is nan Im going to the potty. sim drain/pour from under; flush. See: flush.
toilet paper
See: wipe.
nepsncutn, nepsncu toilet paper. rt.: e wipe; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
told
cu say/speak to somebody or something; to inform; to provide information about something. See: tell. e show, tell, explain. See: tell. iiim tell a story/news. See: tell.
tomahawk min hatchet. tomato sya tomato. tomorrow elip, eli tomorrow; when it is light. tongue tic tongue.
estm stick out the tongue. estmis S/he stuck out the tongue at s.o. estmn, estmnt
tongue tied
sllpcan make a mistake talking; mix up words. sllpcan S/he made a mistake; mixed up words. n sllpcan, sllpcan es sllpcani S/he is mixing up words. nes sllpcani, es sllpcani
sllpcin confused about what to say. rt.: sllim confused; suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. sllpcin S/he couldnt figure out what to say. n sllpcin, sllpcin es sllpcini S/he cant figure out what to say. nes sllpcini, es sllpcini tmmcan tongue tied; have no words. rt.: tam not/none; suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. slim confused; unable to figure something out. See: confuse.
tonsil cuc tonsils. tonight e c, e tonight; when its night. too e too; also. too much mi too much, too many.
mi i u Mali Marys too skinny. mi emt ci pus That cat is too heavy. simlt in mi t it s The child who ate too many huckleberries. ta mi pqs Dont get too many. mi nes eyti Im too lazy.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to ci a related word.
tool
umn something to work with; tool. 460
tooth tooth. teeth. See: teeth. tooth ache nalys have a tooth ache. rt.: al ache.
nalys S/he got a tooth ache. n nalys, nalys es nalysi S/he has a tooth ache. nes nalysi, es nalysi qs nalysi S/he is going to have a tooth ache. iqs nalysi, qs nalysi
toothbrush
neystn toohbrush. suffix: ...tn means of/device. neysm brush/clean teeth. rt.: u clean; circumfix: neys teeth. neysm S/he brushed his/her teeth. n neysm, es neysm es neysi S/he is brushing his/her teeth. nes neysi, es neysi qs neysi S/he is going to brush his/her teeth. iqs neysi, qs neysi neysi Brush your teeth. (comm.) neysi e wis in Brush your teeth after meals.
toothpaste toothpick
nuistn toothpaste. rt.: e wash; suffix: ...tn means of/device. nuisncutn, nuisncu toothpick. rt.: wi pick/dig; suffix: cut action to the self;
nuiisncut pick your teeth with a tooth pick. nuiisncut S/he pick his/her teeth. n nuiisncut, nuiisncut es nuiisncuti S/he is picking his/her teeth. nes nuiisncuti, es nuiisncuti qs nuiisncuti S/hes going to pick his/her teeth. iqs nuiisncuti, qs nuiisncuti
top
qe on top of. tunt qe Place it on the top. (comm.) qa arrive at the top of a hill or mountain qa S/he/it arrive at the top. n qa, qa q up above. mqn the top of a house/tipi. tetey top (toy). sntasqn top of the head.
tornado
tisle tornado, big whirlwind. sle whirlwind.
es iqi strong/big wind; tornado or hurricane like weather; blizzard, but does not refer to snow.
touch
tec touch. tcis S/he touched it. tcn, tcnt es tecms S/he/it is touching it. ies tecm, as tecm qs tecms S/he/it is going to touch it. iqs tecm, aqs tecm tecis They touched it. qe tecntm, tecntp es tecms They are touching it. qe es tecm, es tecmp qs tecms They are going to touch it. qeqs tecm, qs tecmp tecnt Touch it. (comm.) ctc S/he felt toward it. tecnt asnemutn Touch the chair.
u come in contact. 461
hand-shake. See: shakehands.
tough
yoyot strong. See: strong.
yomnct, yomncu. make ones self become rigid/tense. See: tense. nyawls tough something out. es nyawlsi S/he is toughening it out. nes nyawlsi, es nyawlsi nes nyawlsi nes alqini Im toughening out a head ache. it hard; tough; hard to break. See: hard. t difficult, struggle, hard. See: difficult.
towel estn towel. Rt: e wipe; suffix: ...tn means of/device. Townsends big-eared bat le, leliye bat; Townsends big-eared bat. toy mmstn, mm toy. suffix: ...tn means of/device. toy store sntumi mm toy store.
tr
track
suytn mark left in passing; track. siuytn tracks. rt.: uy go; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
niuym track. niuym S/he tracked. n niuym, niuym es niuyi S/he is tracking. nes niuyi, es niuyi qs niuyi S/he is going to track. iqs niuyi, qs niuyi sniuym tracker. nuyee tracking an animal. nus follow. es nicneei S/he is approaching an animal. nicnee S/he tracked an animal. nqlqlwen walk in/cover tracks. Done after the death of someone. eenm wipe away tracks. ein lots of feet, lots of tracks.
trade
eyws, ey trade. rt.: eym cross; suffix: ...s middle, center. eywsis S/he traded s.t. eywsn, eywsnt es eywsms S/he is trading s.t. ies eywsm, as eywsm qs eywsms S/he is going to trade s.t. iqs eywsm, aqs eywsm eyewsis They traded s.t. qe eywsntm, eywsntp es eyewsms They are trading s.t. qe es eywsm, es eywsmp qs eyewsms They are going to trade s.t. qeqs eywsm, qs eywsmp qe es neyeytum We are trading with each other. eyeysemn someone who always likes to trade. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. snys cost, price. eynweist trade with each other; sharing. See: share.
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neysn S/he traded s.t. neysn, neysnt es neysms S/he is trading s.t. ies neysm, as neysm aymsqe, aymsq trade horses/domestic animals. aymsqe S/he traded. aymsqe, aymsqe es aymsqei S/he is trading. es aymsqei, es aymsqei qs aymsqei S/he is going to trade. iqs aymsqei, qs aymsqei aymsqae They traded. qe aymsqe, p aymsqe es aymsqaei They are trading. qe es aymsqei, pes aymsqei qs aymsqaei They are going to trade. qeqs aymsqei, pqs aymsqei saymsqe somebody who trades horses/domestic animals. prefix: s one who
does.
tumi buy. See: buy.
tradition numn ways, customs, habits, culture, traditions; the things one does. trail es trail/path. (a beaten path)
es q small path/trail.
trailer sacups tied to the tail; trailer. rt.: ac tie; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. trailer court sacupstn place of the trailers; trailer court. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn
means of/device.
train
llltn, ll train, locomotive, railroad cars. rt.: oll roll; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
qqia speeder.
training
aemnct, aemnc practice, drill, train, study. rt.: em get accustomed;
suffix: cut action to the self. See: practice.
em t ci n aemncu I will study harder. es to S/he/it is tame/straight. tnis S/he straightened s.o./s.t. out. tnn, tnnt es tnnms S/he is straightening s.o./s.t. out. ies tnnm, as tnnm qs tnnms S/he is going to straighten s.o./s.t. out. iqs tnnm, aqs tnnm tnuis They straightened s.o./s.t. out. qe tnntm, tnntp es tnunms They are straightening s.o./s.t. out. qe es tnnm, es tnnmp qs tnunms They are going to straighten s.o./s.t. out. qeqs tnnm, qs tnnmp tnuntm S/he/it was straightened out/trained.
trap
aci trap something. aci S/he was trapping. n aci, aci es aci S/he is trapping. nes aci, es aci qs aci S/he is going to be trapping. iqs aci, qs aci acntes S/he trapped s.t. acnten, acnte es acis S/he is trapping s.t. ies aci, as aci qs acis S/he is going to trap s.t. iqs aci, aqs aci acntes They trapped s.t. qe acntem, acntep es acis They are trapping s.t. qe es aci, es acip qs acis They are going to trap s.t. qeqs aci, qs acip acpnuis S/he completed trapping s.t. acpnun, acpnunt
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acin trap. esci spni December (month of the trapping). eyn snare; trap. See: snare. syo fish trap. syot, syo fish trap. snqet fish trap; fish net.
travel
ilwis go around. rt.: uy go; suffix: lwis indicate going around. nilwistn something used to travel around in/on. suffix: tn means of/device.
qcqcl run around leisurely; not doing work. See: run. nat go down river; go down-hill over a long distance. See: downstream.
tree
esi tree. rt.: i Standing upright. See: stand.
lil trees. rt.: il standing upright. nlil go through trees. nlil S/he/it went through trees. n nlil, nlil es nlili S/he/it is going through trees. nes nlili, es nlili qs nlili S/he/it is going to go through trees. iqs nlili, qs nlili snal tree top. napqin broken on top. yul thick, dense (trees). ll dead tree. ye dead tree, wood dry with age, snag. apsl apple tree, applewood,. qal green wood (not dry). es in log, bunch of logs, piled wood.
tree snag
es nain.
es naqqin broken top.
tree stump nu tree stump. triangle nni triangle.

es nni Its triangle.
tribe
nli one people. snli tribesman, family, people, those who live in the same place. snli fellow people. snsqeli fellow people; fellow human being. prefix: n gether with. snsqltmi fellow man. prefix: n gether with. snsmem fellow woman. prefix: n gether with. snsi sibling; brother, sister, cousin. prefix: n gether with. estm cause someone to have a hard time; to play a trick on someone. rt.: it
pitiful, poor.
stmeli u aslat What tribe is you friend from?
tribesman
trick
estmis S/he/it played a trick on s.o. estmn, estmnt 464
es estms S/he/it is playing a trick on s.o. ies estm, as estm qs estms S/he/it is going to play a trick on s.o. iqs estm, aqs estm estmis They played a trick on s.o. qe estmntm, estmntp es estms They are playing a trick on s.o. qe es estm, es estmp qs estms They are going to play a trick on s.o. qeqs estm, qs estmp estumn someone who likes to play tricks. o estmntm I was tricked.
trim trip
ic trim off. rt.: ic cut bunches. ppin, ppi trip; stub a foot/toe. ppin S/he tripped. n ppin, ppin pnemn clumsy, someone who always trips. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. es al poles lashed together. elal tripod; three poles lashed together. rt.: al poles lashed together. cill trot (man, horse, animal). es cilli S/he/it is trotting. nes cilli, es cilli es cilli They are trotting. qe es cilli, pes cilli
tripod trot
u se ql The crier trotted around the camp. ppqmsmi horse trotting. es ppqmsmi Its slow trotting (horse). es pqmsmi Its galloping (horse).
trouble
sct get ones self in trouble. sct S/he/it got into trouble. n sct, sct es scti S/he/it is getting into trouble. nes scti, es scti qs scti S/he/it is going to get into trouble. iqs scti, qs scti scut They got into trouble. qe sct, p sct es scuti They are getting into trouble. qe es scti, pes scti qs scuti They are going to get into trouble. qeqs scti, pqs scti eult S/he got us into trouble. stumt They got you in trouble.
t in trouble. t S/he is in trouble. n t, t em qe t Well be in trouble. hayo hoy qe t lenen steye Oh no! Now were in trouble, I ran over a skunk. tmsct, tmsc make ones self do right. See: right. e ta es tmscuti em t If you dont do right you will be in trouble.
yemsist, yem despaired, frustrated, troubled, worried; to have a block; to have a (s.t.) something implied dilemma. See: despair. s.o. someone
s.t. something
trousers snoups, snou pants, trousers. trout pis trout; rainbow trout.
pspis little trout; little rainbow trout. ay bull trout, Dolly Varden trout. ay, y little bull trout.
See: pants.
a related word.
nay Missoula. (Place where you find bull trout.) 465
iu small trout.
truck true
snuu truck, pick-up truck, bus.
un, un real, true, yes. tam un false. u u ei un Thats how it really was.
ueist truthful. ueisti S/he is was truthful. n ueist, ueist es ueisti S/he is being truthful. nes ueisti, es ueisti qs ueisti S/he is going to be truthful. iqs ueisti, qs ueisti uueist really/truly do something. See: do. ha es unisti Are you telling the truth? i t Its straight, true. See: straight. o et u i t Tell me straight, tell me the truth. we particle expressing affirmation and truth. we nes ayti I really am tired. we n uy ancit u uw I really went to your house and you were gone. tam we es iti S/he really wasnt sleeping. t tl u we qe es olils u yt u hoysts Teresa really was helping us, but she got tired and quit. ma e we cuncn ep ie sma See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows. mmi we e ia They talked together when they met again. tam we es iti S/he really wasnt sleeping. we cun I did tell him/her.
trunk
sntqlscu trunk, suitcase.
semp tree trunk. esmeple bottom/stem of a tree/plant/post. suffix: ple permanence. esmmeple stems (of a plant or flower). suffix: ple permanence. esmmeple trunks (of a tree). suffix: ple permanence. semps ci esi that trees trunk. esmmeple ci se Stems of flowers. esmmeple ci lil trunks of trees.
trust
ntnelsm think highly of somebody; show respect for somebody; have trust for somebody. See: respect.
hem allowed to use something of someones; trusted with something. hem S/he was trusted. n hem, hem telsmsts S/he/it trust s.o. telsmstn, telsmst ta qes telsmst u anmen Dont trust you enemy.
try
try; sample; attempt. m S/he/it tried. n m, m es i S/he/it is trying. nes i, es i qs i S/he/it is going to try. iqs i, qs i em They tried. qe m, p m es ei They are trying. qe es i, pes i qs ei They are going to try. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he/it tried s.t. n, nt es ms S/he/it is trying s.t. ies nm, as nm qs ms S/he/it is going to try s.t. iqs nm, aqs nm eis They tried s.t. qe ntm, nntp es ems They are trying s.t. qe es m, es nmp
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qs ems They are going to try s.t. qeqs m, qs mp ent Try it. (i.e. food, dance, etc.) (comm.) ue e ent Try it again. es ms qs isti S/he is trying to walk. ha aqs em Are you going to try it? nm choose; pick; select; try. nm S/he/it selected. n nm, nm nem They selected. qe nm, p nm nis S/he/it choose s.t./s.o. nn, nnt es nms S/he/it is choosing s.t./s.o. ies nm as nm qs nms S/he/it is going to choose s.t./s.o. iqs nm aqs nm neis They choose s.t./s.o. qe nntm, nntp es nems They are choosing s.t./s.o. qe es nm es nmp qs nems They are going to choose s.t./s.o. qeqs nm qs nmp scn something thats been chosen/selected.
done/made/prepared. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
nnt Select it. (comm.) em nm S/he/it will select. em n nm, em nm em nem They will select. em qe nm, em p nm em nis S/he/it will select it. em nn, em nnt em qs nms S/he will be selecting s.t./s.o. em iqs nm, em aqs nm em qes nms S/he should be selecting s.t./s.o. em qeqes nm, em qes nmp em neis They will select it. em qe nntm, em nntp em ste neis t sme What will Grizzly pick? wis neis u sme u ecem What happens after Grizzly finished picking? ni taste/try a liquid. almist Try at something; put effort into something. salmist the effort of something. t salmist u ta is uy Because of the weather I didnt go.
try hard
yoyosct, yoyosc do something with a physically strong effort. yoyosct S/he tried hard. n yoyosct, yoyosct es yoyoscti S/he is trying hard. nes yoyoscti, es yoyoscti qs yoyoscti S/he is going to try hard. iqs yoyoscti, qs yoyoscti yoyoscut They tried hard. qe yoyosct, p yoyosct es yoyoscuti They are trying hard. qe es yoyoscti, pes yoyoscti qs yoyoscuti They are going to try hard. qeqs yoyoscti, pqs yoyoscti
s.t. something
(s.t.) something yoyosctmis S/he/it worked hard at it. yoyosctmn, yoyosctmnt implied s.o. someone es yoyosctms S/he/it is working hard at it. ies yoyosctm, as yoyosctm P.l. Plural qs yoyosctms S/he/it is going to work hard at it. iqs yoyosctm, aqs yoyosctm R.t. Root word comm. Command yoyoscutmis They worked hard at it. qe yoyosctmntm, yoyosctmntp Lit. Literally es yoyoscutms They are working hard at it. qe es yoyosctm, es yoyosctmp Fig. Figuratively qs yoyoscutms They are going to work hard at it. qeqs yoyosctm, qs yoyosctmp i.e., That is,
yoyosctmnt Do it hard, work hard at it. (comm.) yoyosct m cmint Throw it hard. (comm.) yoyoscmint Throw it hard. (comm.)
a related word.
467
i capable and strong, with energy, struggle with all effort at any task; try ones hardest.
See: capable.
imist, imi do onee best; try hard. See: capable.
try out tub
clnms try out, inspect.
sncucwltn, sncuc bathtub; tub. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. snnet, snne washer tub; tub. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: et, t liquid. aslst, asl Tuesday, two days; i.e. two days past Sunday. suffix: ast sky, day. e ti aslst again, another Tuesday is here. e aslst Its Tuesday again. spqmi swan, tundra swan, whistling swan. cuye buzzard, vulture. nlaltqs, nlalt turkey. lit. it has a hanging nose.
Tuesday
tundra swan turkey turn turkey vulture
im turn something over. im S/he/it turned over (s.t.). n im, im es i S/he/it is turning over (s.t.). nes i, es i qs i S/he/it is going to turn over (s.t.). iqs i, qs i im They turned over (s.t.). qe im, p im es i They are turning over (s.t.). qe es i, pes i qs i They are going to turn over (s.t.). qeqs i, pqs i ntes S/he/it turned s.t./s.o. over. nten, nte stes S/he/it turned s.t./s.o. over. sten, ste es ims S/he/it is turning s.t./s.o. over. ies im, as im qs ims S/he/it is going to turn s.t./s.o. over. iqs im, aqs im ntes They turned s.t./s.o. over. qe ntem, ntep stes They turned s.t./s.o. over. qe stem, step es ims They are turning s.t./s.o. over. qe es im, es imp qs ims They are going to turn s.t./s.o. over. qeqs im, qs imp es i S/he/it is turning over and over (s.t.). nes i, es i es ims S/he/it is turning s.t./s.o. over and over. ies im, as im lli Its turned over. int Turn it over. (comm.) stes u sqlt e a mus sncnncut Shes turning the meat over and over for three of four hours. u turn back; to go back. u S/he/it turned back. n u, u u They turned back. qe u, p u e u They went back. e cu S/he/it came back. e e u They back. e u It turned back. mncut, mncu turn ones self over/back; also an expressing indicating defeat. mncut S/he/it turned over/back. n mncut, mncut es mncuti S/he/it is turning over/back. nes mncuti, es mncuti qs mncuti S/he/it is going to turn over/back. iqs mncuti, qs mncuti mncut They turned over/back. qe mncut, p mncut es mncuti They are turning over/back. qe es mncuti, pes mncuti qs mncuti They are going to turn over/back. qeqs mncuti, pqs mncuti
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied turned s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
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mncut Turn over/back. (comm.) imin turn pages in a book. im S/he turned pages. n im, im es imi S/he is turning pages. nes imi, es imi imi Turn the page. (comm.) plutm turn a horse out of the way. lmncut make ones self turn around. See: around. ncnncut make a complete revolution; make a circle; meet ones own foot prints/tracks. ntals face toward some direction. suffix: us face. See: face. nisaqm turn off the path/road. nisaqm S/he/it turned off the path. n nisaqm, nisaqm u n nisaqm u n oost I turned off the path and got lost. ta qes nisaqm Dont turn off the path. lont Turn something on. (comm.) lontes S/he/it turned it on. lonten, lonte lontes They turned it on. qe lontem, lontep lont asnsnctn Turn on your computer. ulus light up; turn something on. See: light. ulusnt ci sn Turn the light on. eps extinguish a fire; turn off a light or electrical appliance. See: put out. epsnt ci sn turn off the light. nemtum wait for a turn; wait for people. suffix: tum of people. See: wait. lolm turn a bolt or similar object.
This word is used to describe cycles such as birthdays, and the telling of time in showing hours. rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot; suffix: cut action to the self. See: around.
turtle sl turtle, painted turtle. Turtle Lake qli Turtle Lake. lit. a small lake. TV snactn show house, drive-in, TV, movie.
of/device.
ncinms Turn it up (the volume). mi ncin Its to loud.
TV tray snintn little table, TV tray. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. tweezers lqpesncu tweezers. twenty eslupn, eslu twenty. Twin Buttes Twin Buttes. Twin Lakes es ii Twin Lakes. lit. two small lakes. twins ssell twins.
snces twin; brother; sister.
twist
u twist something. u S/he twisted (s.t.). n u, u 469
es ui S/he is twisting (s.t.). nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he is twisting (s.t.). iqs ui, qs ui uis S/he twisted s.t. un, unt es ums S/he twisted s.t. ies um, as um p twist into thread. spqs thread. e wring out. See: wring.
two
esl two. upn e esl twelve. sel two people. esl prefix indicating two combined with another affix forming a full word. aslst two days. suffix: ast sky, day. esle two houses. suffix: e house. neslep two eggs. circumfix: nep egg. eslsn two rocks. suffix: sn rock. esl prefix indicating two added to a whole word. eslupn twenty, two tens. aslsqe, aslsq two domestic animals or cars.
two hundred eslnoqn, eslnoq two hundred. two-year-old sessp little two-year-old (horse). typewriter t snimintn typewriter. suffix: ...tn means of/device.
U
ugly
usst ugly; scary looking. usst S/he is an ugly person (did s.t. bad). n usst, usst nsstelsm S/he was being ugly. n nsstelsm, nsstelsm es nsstelsi S/he is being ugly. nes nsstelsi, es nsstelsi qs nsstelsi S/he is going to be ugly. iqs nsstelsi, qs nsstelsi nsstelsm They were being ugly. qe nsstelsm, p nsstelsm es nsstelsi They are being ugly. qe es nsstelsi, pes nsstelsi qs nsstelsi They are going to be ugly. qeqs nsstelsi, pqs nsstelsi
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone nsstelsmis S/he was being ugly to s.o. nsstelsmn, nsstelsmntxw P.l. Plural es nsstelsms S/he is being ugly to s.o. ies nsstelsm, as nsstelsm R.t. Root word comm. Command qs nsstelsms S/he is going to be ugly to s.o. iqs nsstelsm, aqs nsstelsm Lit. Literally nsstelsmis They were being ugly to s.o. qe nsstelsmntm, nsstelsmntp Fig. Figuratively es nsstelsms They are being ugly to s.o. qe es nsstelsm, es nsstelsmmp i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to qs nsstelsms They are going to be ugly to s.o. qeqs nsstelsm, qs a related word.
nsstelsmmp
es nssesi S/he is being ugly among the people. nes nssesi, es nssesi ssus S/he has an ugly face. n ssus, ssus 470
ta qes nssel Dont be ugly. usst ie Thats ugly. s prefix indicating ugly, unsightly, or bad. sus ugly face. sq stink. e, eye bad.
ulcer es nie ulcer. umbrella emn umbrella. rt.: ey Shade. unaware ta es misctisti not know about something.
ta es misctisti S/he doesnt know anything (about it). ta nes misctisti, ta es misctisti es alqin S/he was unaware s/he was making final rounds before dying. (Said after death, in
hindsight the person visited relatives, friends and old acquaintances; as if the person was saying their final farewells.)
uncle
smam, sm paternal uncle (fathers brother). nunume, nunu maternal uncle (mothers brother). wstn aunt/uncle after death of connecting relative; step-parent. swlt Aunt/uncle after death of connecting relative. hm uncover something; separate the surface. rt.: ehe loosen, separate;
prefix: surface.
uncover
his S/he uncover s.t. hn, hnt es hms S/he is uncovering s.t. ies hm, as hm qs hms S/he is going to uncover s.t. iqs hm, aqs hm hnt Uncover it. (comm.) henent Uncover it. (comm.) nhepm open a flap. circumfix np opening. See: open.
under
under.
iut underneath, down below; under; beneath. rt.: iut down, low; prefix:
iut isome Under my butt. nitt underwater. ita slip for a dress. u go under something. um S/he/it went under (s.t.). n um, um es ui S/he/it is going under (s.t.). nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he/it is going to go under (s.t.). iqs ui, qs ui pil They went under (s.t.). qe pil, p pil es pili They are going under (s.t.). qe es pili, pes pili qs pili They are going to go under (s.t.). qeqs pili, pqs pili u Go under (s.t.). (comm.) pilwi All of you go under (s.t.). (comm.) qs ui t snelintn S/he is going to go under the table.
underarm snmn armpit. See: armpit. underground nitule underground. rt.: iut down, low; prefix: n inside; suffix: ule
land.
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underline
i underline. es i Its underlined. int Underline it. (comm.) nsune understand something. nsune S/he/it understood. n nsune, nsune es nsune S/he/it is understanding. nes nsune, es nsune qs nsune S/he/it is going to understand. iqs nsune, qs nsune nsune They understood. qe nsune, p nsune es nsune They are understanding. qe es nsune, pes nsune qs nsune They are going to understand. qeqs nsune, pqs nsune nsunemis S/he/it understood it. nsunemn, nsunemnt es nsunemms S/he/it is understanding it. ies nsunemm, as nsunemm qs nsunemms S/he/it is going to understand it. iqs nsunemm, aqs nsunemm nsunemis They understood it. qe sunemntm, nsunemntp es nsunemms They are understanding it. qe es nsunemm, es nsunemmp qs nsunemms They are going to understand it. qeqs nsunemm, qs nsunemmp nssune Each one understood. qe nssune, p nssune es nssune Each one is underderstanding. qe es nssune, pes nssune es nsnemnwe They are understanding each other. nsunemncn I understand you. qe nsunemlt You understand us. ha nsune Did you understand? ta is nsune I didnt understand. ha p nsune Did you folks understand? ta nes nsune I Dont understand. ta qes nsnemnwe We dont understand each other. ta p snsnemnwe You folks dont understand each other. t nes nsune Because I do not understand. ta es sustn I dont recgnize her/him.
understand
ta es snmyepstn I dont understand what itss about/for.
underwater underwear
nitt underwater, deep stream. rt.: iut down, low.
italqs, ita under clothing. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. ha es ita Do you have underwear/underskirt on? pip It came undone. rt.: pim release from.
snsups Long Johns, stretchy underwear.
undone undress
pencut undress ones self. rt.: pim release from. pencut S/he undressed. n pencut, pencut es pencuti S/he is undressing. nes pencuti, es pencuti qs pencuti S/he is going to undress. iqs pencuti, qs pencuti pencut They undressed. qe pencut, p pencut es pencuti They are undressing. qe es pencuti, pes pencuti qs pencuti They are going to undress. qeqs pencuti, pqs pencuti pencut Undress yourself. (comm.)
npalqs, npa remove/take off clothes. rt.: pim release from; suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. npalqs S/he removed clothes. n npalqs, npalqs es npalqsi S/he is removing clothes. nes npalqsi, es npalqsi qs npalqsi S/he is going to remove clothes. iqs npalqsi, qs npalqsi
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npalqs They removed clothes. qe npalqs, p npalqs es npalqsi They are removing clothes. qe es npalqsi, pes npalqsi qs npalqsi They are going to remove clothes. qeqs npalqsi, pqs npalqsi npalqsis S/he removed s.o.s clothes. npalqsn, npalqsnt es npalqsms S/he is removing s.o.s clothes. ies palqsm, as palqsm qs npalqsms S/he is going to remove s.o.s clothes. iqs palqsm, qs palqsm npalqsis They removed s.o.s clothes. qe npalqsntm, npalqsntp es npalqsms They are removing s.o.s clothes. qe es palqsm, es palqsmp qs npalqsms They are going to remove s.o.s clothes. qeqs palqsm, qs palqsmp npalqsi Remove your clothes. (comm.) npa They stripped down, they were finished. paqsli Remove your clothes. (comm.) pint Remove it, take it off. (comm.) See: remove. pmist npaqsi Take off your coat. (comm.) pqin remove head cover/hat; bare head. rt.: pim release from. See: hat. ppnim remove footwear. rt.: pim remove, free. See: shoe.
unhappy pupusn, pupus sad; mourn; grieve. See: sad. unicorn usneln unicorn. rt.: wisn long; suffix: eln horn. unmotivated pi unmotivated/discouraged/lazy. See: discourage. unpack peqmnct unpack ones self. rt.: pqem spread out; suffix: cut action to the self.
peqmnct S/he/it unpacked. n peqmnct, peqmnct es peqmncti S/he/it is unpacking. nes peqmncti, es peqmncti qs peqmncti S/he/it is going to unpack. iqs peqmncti, qs peqmncti peqmncut They unpacked. qe peqmnct, p peqmnct es peqmncuti They are unpacking. qe es peqmncti, pes peqmncti qs peqmncuti They are going to unpack. qeqs peqmncti, pqs peqmncti peqmnct Pack up. (comm.) peqmnctwi All of you packing up. (comm.) p peqmnct m p im All of you pack up and move. lmnct pack ones self up. See: pack up.
untamed uut, u wild, savage, untamed. untie talip, tal untie; loose.
See: wild.
talip S/he/it untied. n talip, talip es talpmi S/he/it is untying. nes talpmi, es talpmi qs talpmi S/he/it is going to untie. iqs talpmi, qs talpmi talip They untied. qe talip, p talip es talpmi They are untying. qe es talpmi, pes talpmi qs talpmi They are going to untie. qeqs talpmi, pqs talpmi talntes S/he/it untied s.t. talnten, talnte es talims S/he/it is untying s.t. nes talim, es talim qs talpmi S/he/it is going to untie s.t. iqs talim, qs talim talntes They untied s.t. qe talntes, talntep
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es talims They are untying s.t. qe es talim, es talimp qs talims They are going to untie s.t. qeqs talim, qs talimp es tal S/he/it is untied; loose. nes tal, es tal talint Untie it. (comm.) talesm untie something around the middle. talesm S/he untied. n talesm, talesm es talesi S/he is untying. nes talesi, es talesi qs talesi S/he is going to untie. iqs talesi, as talesi talncut untie ones self. talncut S/he/it untie him/her/it self. n talncut, talncut es talncuti S/he/it is untying him/her/it self. nes talncuti, es talncuti qs talncuti S/he/its going to untie him/her/itself. iqs talncuti, qs talncuti taliem untie something/someone; untie a covering. suffix: i covered in. taliem S/he untied. n taliem, taliem es taliei S/he is untying. nes taliei, es taliei qs taliei S/he is going to untie. iqs taliei, as taliei talsqe, talsq loose a horse/domestic animal; to untie a horse/domestic animal. talsqe S/he untied a horse. n talsqe, talsqe es talsqei S/he is untying a horse. nes talsqei, es talsqei qs talsqei S/he is going to untie a horse. iqs talsqei, qs talsqei talsqae They untied a horse. qe talsqe, p talsqe es talsqaei They are untying a horse. qe es talsqei, pes talsqei qs talsqaei They are going to untie a horse. qeqs talsqei, pqs talsqei
up
qe on top of. tunt qe Place it on the top. (comm.) qa arrive at the top of a hill or mountain qa S/he/it arrive at the top. n qa, qa sqa hilltop. nwisl go up; raise. rt.: nwist up, up high. See: raise. nwisl S/he went up. n nwisl, nwisl es nwisli S/he is going up. nes nwisli, es nwisli qs nwislms S/he is going to go up. iqs nwisli, qs nwisli nwisl They went up. qe nwisl, p nwisl es nwisli They are going up. qe es nwisli, pes nwisli qs nwisli They are going to go up. qeqs nwisli, pqs nwisli nwisli Go up. (comm.) nwislwi All of you go up. (comm.) nwislnt asuwan Raise your arm. as, a go up hill. See: uphill. qe upstream. See: upstream. iwl climb. (also used to indicate going upstairs) See: climb. nwist up, above, up high. See: high. cusi go over a pass. See: pass. s hang s.t. up. es s It is hanging up. 474
uphill
as, a go up hill. as S/he/it went uphill. n as, as es asi S/he/it is going uphill. nes asi, es asi qs asi S/he/it is going to go uphill. iqs asi, qs asi aus They went uphill. qe as, p as es ausi They are going uphill. qe es asi, pes asi qs ausi They are going to go uphill. qeqs asi, pqs asi atsis S/he/it brought it uphill. atsn, atsnt es atmsms S/he/it is bringing s.t./s.o. uphill. ies atmsm, as atmsm qs atmsms S/he/it is going to bring s.t./s.o. uphill. iqs atmsm, aqs atmsm atusis They brought it uphill. qe atsntm, atsntp es atmusms They are bringing s.t./s.o. uphill. qe es atmsm, es atmsmp qs atmusms They are going to bring s.t./s.o. uphill. qeqs atmusm, qs atmsmp atmusm Take it uphill. (comm.) n aus u n qa I climbed and I made it to the top.
upside-down
nawyoqn upside-down. nawyoqis S/he turned s.o./s.t. upside-down. nawyoqn, nawyoqnt es nawyoqnms S/he is turning s.o./s.t.upside-down. ies nawyoqnm, as nawyoqnm qs nawyoqnms S/he is going to turn s.o./s.t.upside-down. iqs nawyoqnm, aqs nawyoqnm iqs nawyoqnms Im going to turn you upside-down. iwl climb. (also used to indicate going upstairs) See: climb. es iwli S/he/it is climbing. nes iwli, es iwli sniwltn ladder, stairs. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. nil go upstream by land or water. nil S/he/it went up stream. n nil, nil es nili S/he/it is going up stream. nes nili, es nili qs nili S/he/it is going to go up stream. iqs nili, qs nili nil They went up stream. qe nil, p nil es nili They are going up stream. qe es nili, pes nili qs nili They are going to go up stream. qeqs nili, pqs nili niil Each one went up stream. qeqs niili Each one of us is going to go up stream. e nil S/he/it went back up the river.
upstairs
upstream
qe upstream. ci t qe iscqe From upstream I caught fish.
urine
st urine. pt penis, urine. sntetn urinary bladder. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. te urinate. tem S/he/it urinated. n tem, tem es tei S/he/it is urinating. nes tei, es tei qs tei S/he/it is going to urinate. iqs tei, qs tei tem They urinated. qe tm, p tm es tei They are urinating. qe es tei, pes tei
urinate
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qs tei They are going to urinate. qeqs tei, pqs tei ntimelsm S/he/it wanted to urinate. n ntimelsm, ntimelsm es ntimelsi S/he/it is wanting to urinate. nes ntimelsi, es ntimelsi qs ntimelsi S/he/it is going to want to urinate. iqs ntimelsi, qs ntimelsi ntimelsm They wanted to urinate. qe ntimelsm, p ntimelsm es ntimelsi They are wanting to urinate. qe es ntimelsi, pes ntimelsi qs ntimelsi They are going to want to urinate. qeqs ntimelsi, pqs ntimelsi ntiyupsm S/he urinated his/her pants. n ntiyupsm, ntiyupsm es ntiyesi S/he/it is urinating his/her pants. nes ntiyesi, es ntiyesi qs ntiyesi S/he/it is going to urinate his/her pants. iqs ntiyesi, qs ntiyesi ntimesm They urinated their pants. qe ntiyesm, p ntiyesm es ntimesi They are urinating their pants. qe es ntiyesi, pes ntiyesi qs ntimesi They are going to urinate their pants. qeqs ntiyesi, pqs ntiyesi tiyelpm S/he urinated the bed. n tiyelpm, tiyelpm es tiyelpi S/he/it is urinating the bed. nes tiyelpi, es tiyelpi qs tiyelpi S/he/it is going to urinate the bed. iqs tiyelpi, qs tiyelpi tiyelpm They urinated the bed. qe tiyelpm, p tiyelpm es tiyelpi They are urinating the bed. qe es tiyelpi, pes tiyelpi qs tiyelpi They are going to urinate the bed. qeqs tiyelpi, pqs tiyelpi nttimu An individual that urinates all the time. ha ntiyupsm Did you pee your pants? iqs is ti I am going to go pee. ie ntiye You might pee. ntyet urinte in the water. ntyetm S/he/it urinated. n ntyetm, ntyetm es ntyeti S/he/it is urinating. nes ntyeti, es ntyeti qs ntyeti S/he/it is going to urinate. iqs ntyeti, qs ntyeti yalqn urinte up a pole/log/tree. n Dog lifting leg to urinate. es tani The dog is lifting the leg to urinate.
urge us
urge someone; insist. See: insist.
acni insist/beg. See: insist. qenple us, we. lipust ours, us, we. m qemlme It was our toy. qemlme our toy. qeq mlme Its going to be our toy.
use
temm use; take care of; have responsibility for. temmis S/he/it used s.t. temmn, temmnt es temms S/he/it is using it. ies temm, as temm qs temms S/he/it is going to use it. iqs temm, aqs temm temmis They used s.t. qe temmntm, temmntp es temms They are using it. qe es temm, es temmp qs temms They are going to use it. qeqs temm, qs temmp em qs temms S/he/it will be using it. em iqs temm, em aqs temm em qs temms They will be using it. em qeqs temm, em qs temmp
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ha e u temmn asnsnctn Can I use your computer? e tam es temms They arent using it anymore. t e si u as temm What color are you using? umn The things used in making/building something. umis His/her building things. inumn, anumn t stmte u aq umn pumin What do you use to make a drum?
used to em get accustomed/used to somebody or something. use together chmnt Use it together with something. uvula naltsme uvula.
See: accustomed.
V
vacuum cleaner mintn vacuum cleaner. vagina sut vagina. valley sule itnule valley. lit. good big land.
tnule eslo big valley. u coming into a valley.
Valley Creek eu Valley Creek. van snunwe iuyn van.

stnew something big.
vanish
uw gone. See: gone. sip disappear; gone; wiped out. See: disappear. lu go out of sight around an obstacle (i.e., a tree, hill, rock, building, etc.). See: disappear.
vehicle sqe, sq suffix indicating horses, domestic animals, or vehicles. vein u, lu vein. vest snn vest. Victoria pitolia Victoria. violet mss wild violet.
it mss sweet cicely, sweet root.
See: animal.
virgin similt, simi girl after age of puberty; girl in teens; unmarried woman. virgins bower, clematis iliyal, iliya honey suckle, clematis virgins bower. vision moyi have a premonition; vision; fore telling dream.
es moyi S/he had a premonition. nes moyi, es moyi uuscutist seek a vision.
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es uuscutisti S/he is seeking a vision. nes uuscutisti, es uuscutisti utmist seek/ask for help from the spiritual world. (i.e. vision quest.) rt.: oncut prayer/offer.
See: help.
visit
uym visit. rt.: uy go; prefix: people. uymis S/he visited s.o. uymn, uymnt es uymms S/he is visiting s.o. ies uymm, as uymm qs uymms S/he is going to visit s.o. iqs uymm, aqs uymm uymis They visited s.o. qe uymntm, uymntp qs uymms They are going to visit s.o. qeqs uymm, qs uymmp uymnt Visit s.o. (comm.) imsqeli, imsqe visit people. qs wis uymms S/he is going to visit s.o. first. iqs wis uymm, aqs wis uymm qs wis uymms They are going to visit s.o. first. qeqs wis uymm, qs wis uymmp es wis uymms S/he just visited s.o. ies wis uymm, as wis uymm es wis uymms They just visited s.o. qe es wis uymm, es wis uymmp o uymis S/he visited me. o uymis They visited me. ha as wis uymm u aq non Have you been visiting your wife-to-be? uy is uymnt asile Go visit your grandpa. ha em qe imsqe astmlis Will we visit you relative?
nuyelsm, nuye want to visit somebody. nuyelsm S/he wanted to visit s.o. n nuyelsm, nuyelsm es nuyelsi S/he is wanting to visit s.o. nes nuyelsi, es nuyelsi nuyelsm They wanted to visit s.o. qe nuyelsm, p nuyelsm es nuyelsi They are wanting to visit s.o. qe es nuyelsi, pes nuyelsi nuyelsmis S/he wanted to visit s.o. nuyelsmn, nuyelsmnt es nuyelsms S/he is wanting to visit s.o. ies nuyelsm, as nuyelsm nuyelsmis They wanted to visit s.o. qe nuyelsmntm, nuyelsmntp es nuyelsms They are wanting to visit s.o. qe es nuyelsm, es nuyelsmp
visitor
suy visitor. siuy visitors. qe ep siuy We have visitors.
voice tspmnco sound of voices shouting. vole smsen meadow vole. volume ncinms Turn it up (the volume).
mi ncin Its to loud; turn it down.
See: loud.
volunteer nawqnelm call on someone to volunteer. vomit snoccqecin vomit.
See: call.
noccqecin S/he vomited. n noccqecin, noccqecin es noccqecini S/he is vomiting. nes noccqecini, es noccqecini qs noccqecini S/he is going to vomits. iqs noccqecini, qs noccqecini esslsm sick to the stomach; nauseated. See: nauseated.
vulture vulva
cauy buzzard, turkey vulture. t urine, vulva. 478
W
waddle wade
wwl waddle (used of ducks or old people). rt.: we tilt. See: tilt. wwl S/he/it waddled. n wwl, kw wwl nstet, nste walk in the water; to wade. suffix: et, t liquid. nstetm S/he/it walked in the water. n nstetm, nstetm es nsteti S/he/it is walking in the water. nes nsteti, es nsteti qs nsteti S/he/it is going to walk in the water. iqs nsteti, qs nsteti stnet walk by the water. suffix: et, t liquid. stnetm S/he/it walked by the water. n stnetm, stnetm es stneti S/he/it walked by the water. nes stneti, es stneti
wag
ilyelpsm wag a tail. es ilyelpsi It is wagging its tail. ll wagon.
wagon wake
llaqs wagon trail. qit wake up. qit S/he/it woke up. n qit, qit qiis S/he/it woke s.o./s.t. up. qin, qint es qit S/he/it is awake. nes qit, es qit es qlit They are awake. qe es qlit, pes qlit qtumn something that wakes you (i.e. alarm clock, wake up song, etc.). qtemn someone that wakes easy. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. qit Wake up. (comm.) qlitwi All of you wake up. (comm.) qint Wake s.o./s.t. up. (comm.) in m qit What time will you wake? qints S/he/it woke you up. qeqs is qtumi Were going to go wake up the people. n qit u n il I woke and got up. i us S/he is wide awake. es mi S/he is guarding. (during a wake people are taking care of the dead.) rt.: im guard. See: s.t. something
guard.
waist wait
smes waist.
nemts wait for something. rt.: emut sit; suffix: s middle, center. nemtsm S/he/it waited. n nemtsm, nemtsm es nemtsi S/he/it is waiting. nes nemtsi, es nemtsi qs nemtsi S/he/it is going to wait. iqs nemtsi, qs nemtsi nemtesm They waited. qe nemtsm, p nemtsm es nemtesi They are waiting. qe es nemtsi, pes nemtsi qs nemtesi They are going to wait. qeqs nemtsi, pqs nemtsi
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nemtsis S/he/it waited for s.o./s.t. nemtsn, nemtsnt es nemtsms S/he/it is waiting for s.o./s.t. ies nemtsm, as nemtsm qs nemtsms S/he/it going to wait s.o./s.t. iqs nemtsm, aqs nemtsm nemtesis They waited for s.o./s.t. qe nemtsntm, nemtsntp es nemtesms They are waiting for s.o./s.t. qe es nemtsm, es nemtsmp qs nemtesms They are going to wait for s.o./s.t. qeqs nemtsm, qs nemtsmp nemtsi Wait. (comm.) nemts Wait for s.o. (comm.) nemtsnt Wait for s.o. (comm.) em nemtst e wis uwewl m sic e t uwewl You wait till they get through talking then you can talk. t ste u as nemtsm What are you waiting for? nemtescn I waited for you. o nemtes Wait for me. nemtum wait for a people; wait for a turn. suffix: tum of people. es nemtumi S/he/it is waiting for people/a turn. nes nemtumi, es nemtumi nemtumsi Wait your turn. e in a while/wait. e ee later.
walk
ist walk, referring to a single person. ist S/he/it walked. n ist, ist es isti S/he/it is walking. nes isti, es isti qs isti S/he/it is walking. nqs isti, qs isti istmsts S/he/it walked/ran s.o./s.t. istmstn, istmst ist Walk (comm.) sistwi Each one of you walk. es stlwisi S/he/it is walking around. nes stlwisi, es stlwisi mi lut u n ist I walked too far.
tut walk, referring to more than one person. tuut They walked. qe tut, p tut es tuuti They are walking. qe es tuti, pes tuti qs tuuti They are going to walk. qeqs tuti, pqs tuti ttut Each one walked. tutal More than one person walks on a narrow object, i.e. log railroad tracks, etc. tuutalm They walked on a narrow object. qe tutalm, p tutalm es tuutali Theyre walking on a narrow object. qe es tutali, pes tutali
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied u tut u pyel u tisi Pierre and Big Blanket walked away. ttuui They s.o. someone P.l. Plural were walking along. u qeqs ttu Okay, lets go walk. R.t. Root word comm. Command stal walk on a narrow object. (i.e. log, rail road tracks, board, etc.) Lit. Literally stalm S/he/it walked on a narrow object. n stalm, stalm Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, es stali S/he/it is walking on a narrow object. nes stali, es stali See: - Redirection to sstal Hobo, somebody who walks on rail road tracks. prefix: s one who does. a related word.
es ntutaqsi S/he/it is walking on the road. nes ntutaqsi, es ntutaqsi
stnet walk near water. suffix: et, t liquid. stnetm S/he/it walked near water. n stnetm, stnetm es stneti S/he/it is walking near water. nes stneti, es stneti 480
stnet walk next to the water. suffix: et, t liquid. stetm S/he/it walked next to the water. n stetm, stetm es steti S/he/it is walking next to the water. nes steti, es stet stet walk on the water; to wade. See: wade. nstet walk in the water; to wade. See: wade. sti walk on a ridge. stim S/he/it walked on the ridge. n stim, stim es stii S/he/it is walking on the ridge. nes stii, es stii ssti Walks all the time on the ridge. ssti Sombody who walks on the ridge. prefix: s one who does. sssti somebody who walks on ridges. prefix: s one who does. stqin walk up on the mountains or on top. stqinm S/he/it walked on the mountain top. n stqinm, stqinm es stqini S/he/it is walking on the mountain top. nes stqini, es stqini lsten walk on the side of a mountain or hill. suffix: ...en within. lstenm S/he/it walked on the side of the mountain. n lstenm, lstenm es lsteni S/he/it is walking on the side of the mountain. nes lsteni, es lsteni slsten somebody who walks on the side hill. prefix: s one who does. nstliwis walk around inside. (i.e.: forest; shopping center) suffix: lwis indicate going around. nstliwis S/he/it walked around inside. n nstliwis, nstliwis es nstliwisi S/he/it is walking around inside. nes nstliwisi, es nstliwisi qs nstliwisi S/he/it is going to walk around inside. iqs nstliwisi, qs nstliwisi nstaqs walk on the road. rt.: ist walk; circumfix: naqs nose, road. See: hitchhike. ntutaqs walk on a road; referring to more than one person. rt.: tuut they walk; circumfix: naqs
nose, road. See: hitchhike.
wamistm, wami run walk; to hurry along; to run in a feminine manner. See: run.
wall nn wall. suffix: ...en within. wallow onco wallow in mud.

onco S/he/it wallowed in mud. n onco, onco es onco S/he/it is wallowing in mud. nes onco, es onco qs onco S/he/it is going to wallow in mud. iqs onco, qs onco
want
ntels, nte want; think about. ntelsm S/he/it wanted (s.t.). n ntelsm, ntelsm es ntelsi S/he/it is wanting (s.t.). nes ntelsi, es ntelsi qs ntelsi S/he/it is going to want (s.t.). iqs ntelsi, qs ntelsi ntelsm They wanted (s.t.). qe ntelsm, p ntelsm es ntelsi They are wanting (s.t.). qe es ntelsi, pes ntelsi qs ntelsi They are going to want (s.t.). qeqs ntelsi, pqs ntelsi ntelsis S/he/it wanted s.t./s.o. ntelsn, ntelsnt es ntelsms S/he/it is wanting s.t./s.o. ies ntelsm, as ntelsm qs ntelsms S/he/it is going to want s.t./s.o. iqs ntelsm, aqs ntelsm ntelsis They wanted s.t./s.o. qe ntelsntm, ntelsntp es ntelsms They are wanting s.t./s.o. qe es ntelsm, es ntelsmp qs ntelsms They are going to want s.t./s.o. qeqs ntelsm, qs ntelsmp em qes ntelsms S/he/it will be wanting s.t./s.o. em iqes ntelsm, em aqes ntelsm
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em qes ntelsms They will be wanting s.t./s.o. em qeqes ntelsm, em qes ntelsmp e nte What does s/he think/want? e nte What do you think/want? t ste u es ntlsi What do you want? nes nt t ululim Im thinking about money. t in u es nte How much do you want? u nte u hoyyho u splstw And they decided to quit killing each other. tam nes nt I dont want to. nels circumfix indicating a want/desire/need to do some action. nwnels want to war dance. See: war dance. nnmels want to accompany. circumfix: nels want. See: accompany. naels always busy, snoopy, nosy, prying. See: business. nomels want to get divorced. See: divorce. npcels act exhausted. circumfix: nels want, feel. See: exhausted. numels want to fart. circumfix: nels want. See: fart. ntimelsm S/he/it wanted to urinate. See: urinate. ninels want to owl dance. See: owl dance. nyelsm want to go. rt.: uy go; circumfix: nels want, feelings. See: go. npmels want to run away. circumfix: nels want, feel. See: run away. ha es niyelsi sntumi Do you want to go to the store? nstet want water/liquid. (Refering to some beverage or drink.) nstetm S/he/it wanted a drink. n nstetm, nstetm es nsteti S/he/it is wanting a drink. nes nsteti, es nsteti qs nsteti S/he/it is going to want a drink. iqs nsteti, qs nsteti nstetm They wanted a drink. qe nstetm, p nstetm es nsteti They are wanting a drink. qe es nsteti, pes nsteti qs nsteti They are going to want a drink. qeqs nsteti, pqs nsteti nstetis S/he/it wanted to drink s.t. nstetn, nstetnt es nstetms S/he/it is wanting to drink s.t. ies nstetm, as nstetm qs nstetms S/he/it is going to want to drink s.t. iqs nstetm, aqs nstetm nstetis They wanted to drink s.t. qe nstettm, nstetntp es nstetms They are wanting to drink s.t. qe es nstetm, es nstetmp qs nstetms They are going to want to drink s.t. qeqs nstetm, qs nstetmp t ste u es nsteti What do you want to drink? t e ei u es nsteti What kind do you want to drink? neels, nee crave/want food. See: crave. es ho desire, want, like. See: desire. mscin wish or long for something. See: wish.
war
plstw, plstw kill each other. rt.: puls kill; suffix: we action to each other. es plstwei They are killing each other. qe es plstwi, pes plstwi
war bonnet lqin, lqi war bonnet. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: qin head, top. warn nct Take care of yourself. (comm.)
nct take care of ones self. rt.: im guard; suffix: cut action to the self. See: care.
warm
c warm. i ec It is warm. ec It got warm. es ecmi It is warming up. i nece It is warm inside.
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cqn hat. e i ec good and warm. set es ecnui The spider is bringing warm weather. e get hot from some heat source; to be warmed/heated from radiant heat. See: heat. es neni Warming your body by the fire. See: heat. silt sweat, perspire. See: sweat.
warrior
splstw warrior; somebody who kills others. prefix: s one who does; suffix:
we action to each other.
seyl somebody who raids; warrior. See: raid. slte soldier. (approximation to English word) inmsi woman warrior. nttte woman warrior. snsplqmnctn old warrior dance song. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
war dance
wn war dance, dance at a powwow. wn S/he danced. n wn, wn es wni S/he is dancing. nes wni, es wni qs wni S/he is going to dance. iqs wni, qs wni wen They danced. qe wn, p wn es weni They are dancing. qe es wni, pes wni es weni They are going to dance. qeqs wni, pqs wni es wnweni Each one is dancing. qe es wnweni, pes wnweni en S/he danced a little. n en, en swn somebody who war dances. prefix: s one who does. wnemn someone who always likes to dance. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. wnwnmu The individual that always dances. suffix: mu the individual who always does. snwntn place to war dance/war dance song. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
wen Dance. (comm.) nunels S/he wanted to dance. n nunels, nunels es nunelsi S/he is wanting to dance. nes nunelsi, nunelsi es nweni They are dancing together. qe es nweni, pes nweni es nwnweni They are dancing together in groups. e npil snwntn m wen When they go into the dance arbor they will dance. ihe u inwentn Here is my dance regalia. qs is weni You go and dance. snwntn lm e es nnems Theyre already singing the war dance song. e e cwis i m s.t. something qe wn When they finish moving back here again, well war-dance. et most m qe (s.t.) something implied wen Four days till we dance. s.o. someone
P.l. Plural splqmnct old warrior dance. R.t. Root word es splqmncti He is dancing the old warior dance. nes splqmncti, es splqmncti comm. Command snsplqmnctn old warrior dance song. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device. Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively
es umncti Theres low visibility from a dust storm or blizzard; (fig., this can be said of See: - Redirection to
someone really dancing up a storm, making dust). See: dust. one who does.
a related word.
i.e., That is,
war dancer
swn somebody who war dances. swnwen war dancers. prefix: s 483
wnemn someone who always likes to dance. suffix: emn one who always likes to do.
wnwnmu the individual that always dances. suffix: mu the individual who always does.
was
wash
e wash. nis S/he/it washed it out. nn, nnt neis They washed it out. qe nntm, nntp nnt Wash it out. (comm.) stn soap. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nis S/he/it washed it in the water. nn, nnt neis They washed it in the water. qe nntm, nntp nnt Wash it in the water. (comm.) ustm S/he/it washed their hands. n ustm, ustm es usti S/he/it is washing their hands. nes usti, es usti usti Wash Your hands. (comm.) esm S/he/it washed their face. n esm, esm es esi S/he/it is washing their face. nes esi, es esi esi Wash your face. (comm.) nuqpe, nuqp wash dishes. See: dishwasher. nnt asm Wash your bitterroot. unt m nnt as Clean and wash your black tree moss. ha ustm Did you wash your hands? nt, n wash clothes; do laundry. rt.: e wring out; suffix: et, t liquid.et,
t liquid.
ntm S/he washed clothes. n ntm, ntm es nti S/he is washing clothes. nes nti, es nti qs nti S/he is going to wasy clothes. iqs nti, qs nti ntis S/he washed the clothes. ntn, ntnt es ntms S/he is washing the clothes. ies ntm, as ntm qs ntms S/he is going to wasy the clothes. iqs ntm, aqs ntm nti Wash clothes. (comm.) ntnt Wash the clothes. (comm.) qs nt Its going to be washed; laundry. swe u ntis insnoups Who washed my pants? e wring out. See: wring.
wash basin
washing machine was wasp
s.t. something (s.t.) something snwstn place to wash; wash basin. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means implied s.o. someone of/device. P.l. Plural snttn, sn washing machine, wash tub. prefix: sn a place R.t. Root word comm. Command of. Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, used to be; was. See: - Redirection to ste ie What was this? swe What was your name? swe ie Who a related word.
was that? su wasp, bee, hornet. 484
washboard washbowl
of/device.
sniqmn washboard. snwstn place to wash; washbowl. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means
washer waste watch
sntn, sn washing machine, wash tub. prefix: sn a place of. ii waste.
ulm let something go to waste; not taking advantage of something. See: ruin c watch, stare at something. rt.: look. See: look. cm S/he/it watched. n cm, cm es ci S/he/it is watching. nes ci, es ci es ci S/he/it is going to watch. nes ci, es ci acm They watched. qe cm, p cm es aci They are watching. qe es ci, pes ci qs aci They are going to watch. qeqs ci, pqs ci cis S/he/it watched it. cn, cnt es cms S/he/it is watching it. ies cm, as cm qs cms S/he/it is going to watch it. iqs cm, aqs cm acis They watched it. qe cntm, cntp es acms They are watching it. qe es cm, es cmp qs acms They are going to watch it. qeqs cm, qs cmp es ms S/he/it is watching/staring . ies m, as m es am They are watching/staring . qe es m, es mp scm somebody who watches. prefix: s one who does. sac movie, show. See: movie. sac good movie. ci Watch. (comm.) cwi All of you watch. (comm.) cnt Watch it. (comm.) cnti All of you watch it. (comm.) nccin watch someone eat. qe es cls S/hes watching us. t e u ie ei qe es alt u ste qe scu Thats the way it is, they look at what we do. sppni watch, time piece.
water
sw water. et, t, suffix indicating water; liquid. n prefix indicating inside. Often these two affixes go together because the description of s.t. something
water is usually inside the water or liquid.
na hot water. rt.: a hot. nma luke warm water. nlat cold water. rt.: alt cold. nsu cold water. rt.: sut cold. nammet excellent water. rt.: amumt exellent; suffix: et, t liquid. nset good water. rt.: est good. ni sweet water; pop, kool-aide, etc. rt.: i sweet. nqtnt sw You put it in the water. See: put. es ocqt the water is coming out; spring. See: spring.
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nitt underwater, deep stream. rt.: iut down, low. See: underwater. ntt, nt river. rt.: to straight. See: river. nit, ni creek, stream. lit. first water. rt.: it first. See: creek. es mopt flowing water. nmt constricted water way. solelwet where water flows into another waterway. suffix: et, t liquid. in splash/spread water. intes S/he spread water on it. inten, ine es inms S/he is spreading water on it. ies inm, as inm li lake. See: lake. nsile pond, puddle. rt.: si pour/spill; suffix: ule land. See: pond. ile damp ground, swamp. See: swamp. nst deep water. io sound of rushing water. mals, ma irrigate/water a field, yard, ground. See: irrigate. nmu, mu Str. rt. sound made when getting water, to indicate the motion getting water. See: get. nuletn spread water on the ground; water the ground; sprinkle. See: sprinkle.
watercress snalt watercress. water crossing snyetin place to cross the water; a water crossing. waterfall es ipmt waterfall; the water is falling. water insect nopoplst, npopls water insects, bugs.
ntlace water skipper (insect).
watermelon
nine, ni watermelon. suffix: i covered in. lit. its all green.
yi watermelon. suffix: i covered in. lit. its all blue.
water osel oie water osel. water skipper ntlace water skipper (insect). wave taq wave.
es taqi S/he is waving. nes taqi, es taqi acne Waves on water.
wax snlone ear wax. waxwing us, u cedar waxwing. way cuut way of doing (something); ones mannerism; ones gift from Creator.
cuuts his/her way of acting/doing. incuut, ancuut scuut little good ways. scuut little bad ways. e t iq cuut It is going to happen, I will take it no matter what happens to me. t aq cuut However you do it (so be it). n lemt innunume u cuuts est u numis Im grateful for my uncles ways he has a good way of life.
486
cut suffix indicating an action to or of the self; it is derived from cuut ones mannerism. nctn Creator, maker of ways/mannerisms. rt.: cuut ones mannerism; prefix: make;
npscut, npscu act as Coyote; foolish. rt.: snep coyote; suffix: cut action to the self.
See: foolish.
pusnct, pusncu self-conscious; backward, shy, bashful, polite; considerate; not impose. See: self-conscious. numn ways, customs, habits, culture, traditions; the things one does. See: customs. naltn ways, customs, the way one acts. See: customs.
we
we
qenple us, we. m qemlme It was our toy. qemlme our toy. qeq mlme Its going to be our toy. qeomqn our hair. qespus our heart. lipust ours, us, we. qe u sccmet We are children.
weak
w tasteless; weak tasting, (not strong). n weak, tasteless liquid (i.e., coffee).
wealthy yule rich, wealthy. See: rich. wear cnumt wear clothes; put clothes on.
cnumt S/he put clothes on. n cnumt, cnumt es cnumt S/he is wearing clothes. nes cnumt, es cnumt qs cnumt S/he is going to wear clothes. iqs cnumt, qs cnumt es acqn S/he is wearing a hat. nes noups I am wearing pants. es sim You are wearing a blanket.
weasel
ppqe, p winter weasel, ermine. i summer weasel, ermine. enasti Whats happening with the sky, hows the weather? suffix: ast sky, (s.t.) something
implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word. s.t. something
weather
day.
sast The sky/weather is good. prefix: s good; suffix: ast sky, day. es sti It is good weather; the sky is good. ha st Is it good weather? sast The sky/weather is bad. prefix: s bad; suffix: ast sky, day. es ssti It is bad weather; the sky is bad. acnu forecast weather.
weave
im weave. 487
S/he weaved. n , es i S/he is weaving. nes i, es i qs i S/he is going to weave. iqs i, qs i e They weaved. qe , p es ei They are weaving. qe es i, pes i qs ei They are going to weave. qeqs i, pqs i is S/he weaved s.t. n, nt es ms S/he is weaving s.t. ies m, as m qs ms S/he is going to weave s.t. iqs m, aqs m eis They weaved s.t. qe ntm, ntp es ems They are weaving s.t. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to weave s.t. qeqs m, qs mp es Its woven. (i.e., sack, net) sn basket. es i It has a woven cover. ha as im Are you weaving around it? yey weave. yeyis S/he weaved it. yeyn, yeynt es yeyms S/he is weaving it. ies yeym, as yeym qs yeyms S/he is going to weave it. iqs yeym, aqs yeym yeyis They weaved it. qe yeyntm, yeyntp es yeyms They are weaving it. qe es yeym, es yeymp qs yeyms They are going to weave it. qeqs yeym, qs yeymp yeynt Weave it. (comm.)
web weed week
sacims set Spider web. ssupule bad grass; weeds. sacs Sunday, week. nu sacs one week. esel sacs two weeks. ee sacs three weeks. mus sacs four weeks. upn sacs ten weeks. alst, al Wednesday, three days; i.e. three days past Sunday. suffix: ast
sky, day.
Wednesday
e ti alst again, another Wednesday is here. e alst Its Wednesday again.
weight weep well
semt weight. , cry. See: cry.
awawpus cry. See: tears. es feel good/well; to be in good health. rt.: est good. es S/he/it is well. n es, es i es S/he/it is feeling well. i n es, i es ses They are well. qe ses, p ses i ses They are feeling well. i qe ses, i p ses
488
e i n es I am also well. ha i es Are you well? e i es They are also fine. et esya u i ses Then each one is well, good, fine. e qe esya u i qe ses Yes we are all fine, well, good. a heal. See: heal.
west
sltin west. iqs nati ute Im going to go down river to the west.
ute down river to another country/land; generally toward the Pacific ocean; west.
western western western western western western
bluebird niay mountain bluebird, western bluebird. birch siqp red birch, western birch. hemlock ptp, pt western hemlock. kingbird s western kingbird. meadow lark eice, ei western meadow lark. red cedar st western cedar.
elcn red cedar. mp western cedar boughs.
western yew wet ns wet.
cl, c yew (used to make bows ci).
nanas Each one is wet. nasl wet land. nasus His/her face was wet. nuci soak. ssalt damp/wet.
whale
smtus whale. (from Spokan word)
pmet stisew big fish of the ocean; whale naisqet ieyu monster animal; whale tne ieyu big animal of the water; whale spmet tuntieyu big animal of the ocean; whale.
what
ste What? It can also be a generic term such as thing in English. In the plural form it is a filler word similar to thing-a-ma-jig. stte things, stuff. u ste And what? u e t ste Now what? ep ste What do you have? n ep ste, ep ste stule What land? et st qe qttn Then, what will we do with it?
wheat
sqi wheat. sim thrash oats; gathering huckleberries (hitting the bush, berries fall onto a canvas). rt.: sim
489
qw thrash wheat; horses stepping on wheat. See: thrash.
wheel when
ln wheel.
suyn tire. piste, piste When? (i.e., someday) t piste When in the past? e piste When? (more specific, i.e., what day?) e piste m uy When are you going to go? t piste u e ci When did you get back? te pistem someday; whenever. Where? Where to? Where at? e Where ever. Where are you? u ancit Where is your house. u anumin Where is your drum? u es wis uy Where have you been? u es lci Where have you been living? es mlmule everywhere.
e t when ever.
where
which
Where? u sym tunt Which is the biggest? u sym nume Which is the smallest? nttucin whine. es nttucini S/he is whining. nes nttucini, es nttucini nttucnemn someone who always likes to whine. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. ta qes nttucinm Dont whine.
whine
niups say someone is a whiner. rt.: uy sour; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. i niups Gee, youre a whiner.
whip
si whip; hit someone all over with something. rt.: sim Strick w/ object; suffix:
i covered in.
sim S/he whipped. n sim, sim es sii S/he is whipping. nes sii, s sii qs sii S/he is going to whip. iqs sii, qs sii siem They whipped. qe sim, p sim es siei They are whipping. qe es sii, pes sii qs siei They are going to whip. qeqs sii, pqs sii siis S/he whipped s.o. sin, sint es sims S/he is whipping s.o. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he is going to whip s.o. iqs sim, aqs sim sieis They whipped s.o. qe sintm, sintp es siems They are whipping s.o. qe es sim, es simp qs siems They are going to whip s.o. qeqs sim, qs simp ini t asin ie siencn Eat your food or Ill whip you! im punish; spank. See: spank. qi Str. rt., chase/whip away animals. See: chase.
490
qimn whip; something used to chase/whip away animals.
whirlpool
nit, ni eddie, whirlpool.
nle whirlpool. es nlei The water is whirling. nleis S/he made the water whirl. nlen, nlent es nlems S/he is making the water whirl. ies nlem, as nlem qs nlems S/he is going to make the water whirl. iqs nlem, aqs nlem nleis They made the water whirl. qe nlentm, nlentp es nlems They are making the water whirl. qe es nlem, es nlemp qs nlems They are going to make the water whirl. qeqs nlem, qs nlemp es nllems S/he is repeatedly making the water whirl. nllem nlent Whirl the water. (comm.) ies nllem, as
whirlwind
sl whirlwind. es li It is whirl winding.
sles whirlwind originating from fire. es lesi It is whirl windng from a fire.
whiskey jack lui gray jay, Canada jay, camp robber, whiskey jack. whisper nyecin whisper.
nyecin S/he whispered. n nyecin, nyecin es nyecini S/he is whispering. nes nyecini, es nyecini qs nyecini S/he is going to whisper. iqs nyecini, qs nyecini wecnm hide your talk, by whispering, by talking a different language; talk secretly; gossip.
See: gossip.
whistle
si whistle. si S/he/it whistled. n si, si es sii S/he/it is whistling. nes sii, es sii qs sii S/he/it is going to whistle. iqs sii, qs sii siis S/he/it whistled at/for s.o./s.t. sin, sint es sims S/he/it is whistling at/for s.o./s.t. ies sim, as sim qs sims S/he/it is going to whistle at/for s.o./s.t. iqs sim, aqs sim
yalpsqn, yalp rounded lips. See: lips. anco deers whistle. es anco The deer is whistling.
whistle swan spqmi swan, tundra swan, whistling swan. white piq white. pqpiq whites. (pl.)
spqmi swan, tundra swan, whistling swan. pi palamino. pqlqin, pqlqi bald eagle. See: bald eagle. pqayaqn white headed. (White headed person or animal.) u mmip u pqpiq And it dried nice and white. u e ttim t sit u t ssi i piq e Thats where they used to get white clay long ago, it was white and good.
491
pqmayaqn gray/white hair. pqmayaqn S/he has gray/white hair. n pqmayaqn, pqmayaqn pqmast get gray/white hair. es pqmasti S/he is getting gray/white hair. nes pqmasti, es pqmasti
white birch
siqep white birch.
, white birch, paper birch. birch bark.
white camas white people
pu biscuit root, white camas.
suypi white people. (This term is used to describe Caucasian people; generally it refers to people who are not Native American. The term is also used to describe the English language.) suypi little bit white (people). snuyapcn English. See: English. pusuypi Spouse of somebody who is a white person. See: spouse. suyplqs American dress. See: clothes. suypsqe American stock, horses, cattle,etc. ssi ta ep suypi Long ago there werent any white people. menis t suypi The white people liked this.
seme French. llta Canadian. snopseli German. nutn Italian.
whitefish u Whitefish. Whitefish epu town of Whitefish. lit. has whitefish. white-tail deer sn, s white-tail buck.
snel white-tail buck hide. uli, u white-tail doe. ulil, uli buckskin, white-tail doe hide.
whittle im whittle. who swe Who?

u swe Who are they? ta swe Nobody. te swe Anybody; anyone; somebody. See: anyone. p suswe Who are each one of you? t swe u tnts u qpe Who broke the plate? u u anwi ha te swe cis wints Did s.t. something (s.t.) something anyone come to see you? ta swe qs uyi nay No one is going to go to Missoula. e implied suswe ntls m e cis lai Whoever wants to, will come sweat. swe tepst ici s.o. someone P.l. Plural Who owns that? swe u asnmi Who is behind you? swe u asmimels Who is in R.t. Root word front of you? swe u snihsm Who is in the middle? u swe u es iio Who are comm. Command Lit. Literally they, those racing? Fig. Figuratively
See: - Redirection to whole mil complete, whole, all over, all around. See: complete. a related word. whore house snitn place to lay; whore house. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means i.e., That is,
of/device.
492
whortleberry sipt whortleberry. why lst, lst why.

ffor, because. st u tm t sli u es uwwli Why are you not speaking Salish? ste u le u a Why did you do that? e u puti yetast es cu mam Thats why frog still says that today.
wi
wick nomee candle wick. wicked wil wicked, scoundrel, villain.
wilwlt being smart in a sly way.
wide
t wide. sat wide as a measure. sm t widest. tisat really wide. net wide water. suffix: et, t liquid. qewt It appears wide. an suin sat Its 6 feet wide.
pit thick. See: thick. qqwt, qq narrow/skinny. See: narrow.
widow
swmt widow, widower during mourning. nlie widow, widower after mourning.
wiener sen, se intestine; sausage/hot dog/wiener. wife nn wife.

hayo qs ti nni Hey, hes going to get a wife! q nn Going to be his bride/wife. nns, nn marry; have a wife. See: marry. pu spouse of somebody who is See: spouse.
wiggle
yanan wiggle. yananmnct wiggle ones self. yananmnct S/he/it wiggled. n yananmnct, yananmnct es yananmncti S/he/it is wiggling. nes yananmncti, es yananmncti s.t. something qs yananmncti S/he/it is going to wiggle. iqs yananmncti, qs yananmncti (s.t.) something implied yananmncut They wiggled. qe yananmnct, p yananmnct s.o. someone P.l. Plural es yananmncuti They are wiggling. qe es yananmncti, pes yananmncti R.t. Root word qs yananmncuti They are going to wiggle. qeqs yananmncti, pqs comm. Command Lit. Literally yananmncti Fig. Figuratively
a related word.
yananmil roll/wiggle, as would happen in bed. yananmil S/he/it rolled. n yananmil, yananmil es yananmili S/he/it is rolling. nes yananmili, es yananmili qs yananmili S/he/it is going to rolling. iqs yananmili, qs yananmili yananmil They rolled. qe yananmil, p yananmil
493
es yananmili They are rolling. qe es yananmili, pes yananmili qs yananmili They are going to roll. qeqs yananmili, pqs yananmili yye wiggle, as a worm or snake would do. es yyelili Its wiggling, the snake or worm. es yyems S/he/it is wiggling s.t., in the form of a snake or worm. ies yyem, as yyem es yyems ci secn S/he/it is wiggling the rope like a snake or worm. uil Wiggle. lalamist wiggle/roll around. (i.e., when in pain or like an animal wallowing in dirt.) es lalamisti S/he/it is rolling around. nes lalamisti, es lalamisti es nlalamisteti S/he/it is wiggling around in the water. nlalamisteti nes nlalamisteti, es
lmlamist throw a fit; have a temper tantrum. lmlamist S/he threw a fit. n lmlamist, lmlamist es lmlamisti S/he is throwing a fit. nes lmlamisti, es lmlamisti qs lmlamisti S/he is going to throw a fit. iqs lmlamisti, qs lmlamisti ii Move, shake, wiggle something. es iiims S/he/it wiggled s.t./s.o. ies iiim, as iiim iims Move, wiggle it. (comm.) es iiims u suwais S/he/it is moving/wiggling its arm. Move/wiggle your hand. iims anel
wilderness wwt wilderness. wild uut, u wild, savage, untamed.

ia ieu wild animals. uiwa wild. aielt wild, untame. tas to S/he/it is not tame/straight. See: straight.
will
uimin last will and testament. em will. ha em um e anq Will you work this summer. em elnt You will throw it away. ha em et Will you babysit.
willow
ppopnp, pp willow tree.
wwpu willow iliyal diamond willow.
win
upist, up winning; ahead (i.e., a bet, card game, etc.). up S/he/it was winning. n up, up es upisti S/he/it is winning. nes upisti, es upisti qs upisti S/he/it is going to be winning. iqs upisti, qs upisti up They were winning. qe up, p up es upisti They are winning. qe es upisti, pes upisti qs upisti They are going to be winning. qeqs upisti, pqs upisti es upisti S/he/it is repeatedly winning. nes upisti, es upisti sup win.
494
psqe, psq win a domestic animal, horse, car. psqe S/he/it won. n psqe, psqe es psqei S/he/it is winning. nes psqei, es psqei qs psqei S/he/it is going to win. iqs psqei, qs psqei psqe They won. qe psqe, p psqe es psqei They are winning. qe es psqei, pes psqei qs psqei They are going to win. qeqs psqei, pqs psqei pqs, p win/defeat/beat at some contest or event. pqs S/he/it won. n pqs, pqs es pqsi S/he/it is winning. nes pqsi, es pqsi pnuis S/he/it finally won at s.t. pnun, pnunt pnuis They finally won at it. qe pnuntm, pnuntp pnuntm S/he was defeated. es pstwei They are defeating each other. qe es pstwei, pes pstwei a e u sm t m p May the fastest win. pnum I defeated him. em swe u pa Who will win? e es it tes e u em pa Whom ever cuts it in half will win.
wind
snt wind. nt The wind blew. es nti Its windy. es uti Its a little windy; breezy.
es iqi strong/big wind; tornado or hurricane like weather; blizzard, but does not refer to snow. iqi The wind blew really hard. es apulei cool breeze is blowing along the ground. sl whirlwind. es li It is whirlwinding. es umncti Its a dust storm or blizzard. es chqi chinook is blowing (warm dry wind). i qim Its calm/no wind. i uy Its calm.
winded
tupes, tup winded/out of breath. tupes S/he got out of breath. n tupes, tupes es tupesi S/he continues to be out of breath. nes tupesi, es tupesi qs tupesi S/he is going to be out of breath. iqs tupesi, qs tupesi
wind chimes nt luli wind bells. window nns window. rt.: in cover.
t spis u wiis t mali ci sm o es mumtm innns Yesterday Mary saw grizzly bear breaking my window. acncu
wine
nil wine. lit. red liquid.
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word that comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
ppil wine. 495
wing wink
sqpusn wing. sqpus, sqpu feather, wing. nipm wink. npis S/he winked at s.o. npin, npint nipsi Wink. (comm.) npipsi Close both eyes. (comm.) nppsimi Wink. (comm.) o npcis S/he/it winked at me. o nismis S/he winked at me. mi u es npipsi S/he is only blinking.
caps blink. See: blink.
winter
sist winter time. es istnuisti, es istnui Its again the time of winter. suffix: nu in the time of. e sist m um If its winter, Youll freeze it. Str. rt., wipe. m S/he/it wiped (s.t.). n m, m es i S/he/it is wiping (s.t.). nes i, es i qs i S/he/it is going to wipe (s.t.). iqs i, qs i em They wiped (s.t.). qe m, p m es ei They are wiping (s.t.). qe es i, pes i qs ei They are going to wipe (s.t.). qeqs i, pqs i is S/he/it wiped it. n, nt es ms S/he/it is wiping it. ies m, as m qs ms S/he/it is going to wipe it. iqs m, aqs m eis They wiped it. qe ntm, ntp es ems They are wiping it. qe es m, es mp qs ems They are going to wipe it. qeqs m, qs mp i Wipe (s.t.). (comm.) nt Wipe it. (comm.) mn mop. emn wiper. stn towel, something to wipe with. suffix: ...tn means of/device. nepsncu toilet paper. eestn hand towel. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aposqntn napkin. suffix: ...tn means of/device. naqsnct Wipe your nose. (comm.) naqsi Wipe a nose. (comm.) em m S/he/it will wipe. em n m, em m em em They will wipe. em qe m, em p m em qes m S/he/it will be wiping it. em iqes m, em aqes m em qes em They will be wiping it. em qeqes m, em qes mp ta qes m Dont wipe (s.t.). (comm.)
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to means a related word.
wipe
ptn mop. rt.: e wipe; prefix: surface; affix: ep, p tree; floor; suffix: ...tn
of/device.
eestm wipe hands. eestm S/he/it wiped hands. n eestm, eestm 496
es eesti S/he/it is wiping hands. nes eesti, es eesti qs eesti S/he/it is going to wipe hands. iqs eesti, qs eesti eestm They wiped hands. qe eestm, p eestm es eesti They are wiping hands. qe es eesti, pes eesti qs eesti They are going to wipe hands. qeqs eesti, pqs eesti eestis S/he/it wiped s.o.s hands. eestn, eestnt es eestms S/he/it is wiping s.o.s hands. ies eestm, as eestm qs eestms S/he/it is going to wipe s.o.s hands. iqs eestm, aqs eestm eestis They wiped s.o.s hands. qe eestntm, eestntp es eestms They are wiping s.o.s hands. qe es eestm, es eestmp qs eestms They are going to wipe s.o.s hands. qeqs eestm, qs eestmp eestn hand towel. suffix: ...tn means of/device. eestni Wipe hands. (comm.) eestncut Wipe your hands. (comm.) eestnt Wipe his/her hands. (comm.) es eestncuti S/he is wiping his/her hands. nes eestncuti, es eestncuti aposqnm wipe the mouth. suffix: posqn lips. aposqnm S/he/it wiped the mouth. n aposqnm, aposqnm es aposqni S/he/it is wiping the mouth. nes aposqni, es aposqni qs aposqni S/he/it is going to wipe the mouth. iqs aposqni, qs aposqni aposqnm They wiped the mouth. qe aposqnm, p aposqnm es aposqni They are wiping the mouth. qe es aposqni, pes aposqni qs aposqni They are going to wipe the mouth. qeqs aposqni, pqs aposqni aposqnis S/he/it wiped s.o.s mouth. aposqn, aposqnt es aposqnms S/he/it is wiping s.o.s mouth. ies aposqnm, as aposqnm qs aposqnms S/he/it is going to wipe s.o.s mouth. iqs aposqnm, aqs aposqnm aposqnis They wiped s.o.s mouth. qe aposqntm, aposqntp es aposqnms They are wiping s.o.s mouth. qe es aposqnm, es aposqnmp qs aposqnms They are going to wipe s.o.s mouth. qeqs aposqnm, qs aposqnmp aposqntn napkin. suffix: ...tn means of/device. aposqni Wipe the mouth. (comm.) aposqncut Wipe your mouth. (comm.) aposqnnt Wipe his/her mouth. (comm.) es aposqncuti S/he is wipe his/her mouth. nes aposqncuti, es aposqncuti naqsm wipe the nose. suffix: posqn lips. naqsm S/he/it wiped the mouth. n naqsm, naqsm es naqsi S/he/it is wiping the mouth. nes naqsi, es naqsi qs naqsi S/he/it is going to wipe the mouth. iqs naqsi, qs naqsi naposqnm They wiped the mouth. qe naqsm, p naqsm es naposqni They are wiping the mouth. qe es naqsi, pes naqsi qs naposqni They are going to wipe the mouth. qeqs naqsi, pqs naqsi naqsis S/he/it wiped s.o.s mouth. naqs, naqst es naqsms S/he/it is wiping s.o.s mouth. ies naqsm, as naqsm qs naqsms S/he/it is going to wipe s.o.s mouth. iqs naqsm, aqs naqsm naposqnis They wiped s.o.s mouth. qe naqstm, naqstp es naposqnms They are wiping s.o.s mouth. qe es naqsm, es naqsmp qs naposqnms They are going to wipe s.o.s mouth. qeqs naqsm, qs naqsmp naqstn napkin. suffix: ...tn means of/device. 497
naqsi Wipe the nose. (comm.) naqsncut Wipe your nose. (comm.) naqsnt Wipe his/her nose. (comm.) es naqsncuti S/he is wipe his/her nose. nes naqsncuti, es naqsncuti nepsncut, nepsncu wipe ones self with toilet paper. rt.: e wipe; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
nepsncut S/he wiped his/her self. n nepsncut, nepsncut es nepsncuti S/he wiping his/her self. nes nepsncuti, es nepsncuti qs nepsncuti S/he is going to wipe his/her self. iqs nepsncuti, qs nepsncuti nepsncut Wipe yourself. (comm.) eenm wipe away tracks.
wire wise wish
uui metal wire.
ooom strung across; to say someone is skinny, stretched or boney. See: strung. ppt smart, wise. mscin wish or long for something. mscinm S/he/it wished (for s.t.). n mscinm, mscinm es mscini S/he/it is wishing (for s.t.). nes mscini, es mscini qs mscini S/he/it is going to wish (for s.t.). iqs mscini, qs mscini mscinm They wished (for s.t.). qe mscinm, p mscinm es mscini They are wishing (for s.t.). qe es mscini, pes mscini qs mscini They are going to wish (for s.t.). qeqs mscini, pqs mscini mscis S/he/it wished for s.t./s.o. mscin, mscint es mscinms S/he/it is wishing for s.t./s.o. ies mscinm, as mscinm qs mscinms S/he/it is wishing for s.t./s.o. iqs mscinm, aqs mscinm mscis They wished for s.t./s.o. qe mscintm, mscintp es mscinms They are wishing for s.t./s.o. qe es mscinm, es mscinmp qs mscinms They are going to wish for s.t./s.o. qeqs mscinm, qs mscinmp mscinmsts S/he/it wished for s.t. mscinmstn, mscinmst ta qes mscinmst Dont wish for it. es mscini t smem He is wishing for a woman. min I wish for it, want to have it. mis S/he desires s.t./s.o. min, mint mis They desire s.t./s.o. qe mintm, mintp es emscini nes mscti Im proud. qe qemsctn Well show off. it wish. itmn I wished for it. ewm curse, wish bad on somebody; cast/wish bad luck on somebody. es ewm S/he is cursed. ewnst Curse s.o. (comm.) ewis S/he wished bad on somebody. ewn, ewnt ewis They wished bad on somebody. qe ewntm, ewntp ewntm S/he/it was witched/wished bad upon. ewnt Wish bad on somebody. (comm.) 498
hoy em ewnc Quit, they will wish bad on you. mi hope or wish mi ent anel Wish you would wash you hands. mi ta qs ipeys yeta I hope it doesnt rain today. mi tam qs ipeysi e lu I hope its not raining this evening. iisnu wish for something but having a hard time getting it. issm wish, putting bundle out to wish for something or to change into something. es issi S/he is taking the medicine bundle up to the mountains. yust, yu envious; want to be like; wish for something. See: envy.
whiskers supcin, supci whiskers. witch ewntm S/he/it was witched/wished bad upon. See: wish. with n - prefix indicating together with/do with. The is lost when preceding an s.
nwen dance together with someone. See: war dance. nmistmm in agreement with something or someone. See:agree. nnumncn I became one with you; I agreed with you. See: agree. nns clap with someone. See: clap. ntiyat fight with someone. See: fight. nninem wwl dance with someone. See: owl dance. sn - prefix indicating the one/thing something is done/being together with. The is lost
when preceding an s.
snsqeli fellow people; fellow human being. See: people. snsi sibling; brother, sister, cousin. See: sibling. snemut the one someone sits with. See: sit. snesw the one someone stands with. See: stand. snsust drinking partner. See: drink. snull spouse. See: spouse.
wo
wolf
nicn wolf, timber wolf. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. i nicn gray wolf. cips wolverine. o mais t cips wolverine wrecked my tipi. smmem women, girls. smm woman, girl. ssm sister (of male). smm little women. homist, ho in awe of something or someone; overwhelmed; see beautiful/good/wonderful. See: awe. lu wood. lu little wood; stick. lu go after wood. See: go after. lu S/he went after wood. n u, lu 499
wolverine women
pepi women folk.
wonder wood
s.t. something (s.t.) something implied s.o. someone P.l. Plural R.t. Root word something comm. Command Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to a related word.
es lui S/he is going after wood. nes u, es lui qs lui S/he is going to go after wood. iqs u, qs lui lu They went after wood. qe lu, p lu es lui They are going after wood. qe es u, pes lui qs lui They are going to go after wood. qeqs u, pqs lui al suffix indicating wood/tree/log. es sinali S/he is counting wood/logs/trees. nal one wood. aslal two woods. alal three woods. mosl four woods. clstal five woods. nal six woods. hanmal eight woods. ntal nine woods. upnstal ten woods. noqnal 100 woods. opnstal 1000 woods. aplsl applewood. l board. See: lumber. ll lumber. See: lumber. qa green wood (not dry). es pal The wood is bent. rt.: pi bent. See: bend. es in log, bunch of logs, piled wood. sue pitch wood. ye dead tree, snag, wood dry with age. ll dead tree. s, s get firewood. See: get. sa split wood. See: split. meep, mee gather branches and/or small pieces of wood. See: gather. pi shave/cut. (i.e., shaving/riping wood.) See: shave.
wood chopper slim somebody who chops wood. woodchuck sm groundhog; woodchuck; marmot. woodcock spuwqn pileated woodpecker.
elspuw three wood cocks.
woodland mountain caribou styln, sty caribou. woodpecker spuwqn pileated woodpecker.
ll red-headed woodpecker. slu downy woodpecker. ciwcu Lewiss woodpecker.
woods nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket. woodshed snlut woodshed.

snlutn place of wood; woodshed. prefix: sn a place of; suffix: ...tn means of/device.
woodtick woodworm wool
, n, iin woodtick.
syl woodworm. qepqqept woodworm. spum fur; wool.
500
woolly worm ililt caterpillar, woolly worm. words sci written letter; something thats
done/made/prepared.
written.
scii written words/letters. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. ste e sci What letter is this? e u neilcn e sci How does this letter sound? scaw spoken word. prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared. scawaw spoken words; a sentence; something thats said. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
ta ies nunenem u asawaw I dont believe your words. ncin circumfix indicating an action of the mouth; i.e. speaking, eating, & food. nallcn say hurtful words. See: nyoyocin strong words.
hurtful.
work
u do; make; fix; work. um S/he/it made/did (s.t.). n um, um es ui S/he/it is making/doing (s.t.). nes ui, es ui qs ui S/he/it is going to make/do (s.t.). iqs ui, qs ui um They made/did (s.t.). qe um, p um es ui They are making/doing (s.t.). qe es ui, pes ui qs ui They are going to make/do (s.t.). qeqs ui, pqs ui uis S/he/it made/built/did s.t. un, unt es ums S/he/it is making/building/doing it. ies um, as um qs ums S/he/it is going to make/build/do it. iqs um, aqs um uis They made/built/did s.t. qe untm, untp es ums They are making/building/doing it. qe es um, es ump qs ums They are going to make/build/do it. qeqs um, qs ump es ui S/he/it is repeatedly doing (s.t.). nes ui, es ui es ums S/he/it is repeatedly making s.t. ies um, as um es ui S/he/it is working a little. nes ui, es ui es ums S/he/it is making s.t. with little enthusiasm. ies um, as um sum somebody who works/makes/fixes; a worker. prefix: s one who does. scu something thats been worked/made/fixed. prefix: sc s.t. thats been
done/made/prepared.
iscu my work. snumn place of work; place to make; place to fix; work bench. em um S/he/it will work. em n um, em um em um They will work. em qe um, em p um
s.t. something (s.t.) something n um t cit I built a house. tisi es nt qs ui t iy Big Blanket wants to make implied a canoe. nes ui t iy Im making a boat. i qe ui t nu Im going to make s.o. someone P.l. Plural another one. iqs ui t scnqa Im going to make pancakes. nspe u es ui R.t. Root word tssi cuts numn How many years have you been working with the culture comm. Command Lit. Literally committee? ha em um e anq Will you work this summer. iqs ilwisi Fig. Figuratively iscu I going to travel around for my work; Ill be in the field. mlma sct u i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to yoyot n um All day Monday I worked hard. mi sip n um I worked too long. a related word.
u es ums Thats what s/he is doing. ste u aqs um eli What are you going to do tomorrow? es nolqsi S/he is working on the road.
501
work bench snumn place of work; place to make; place to fix; work bench. worker sum somebody who works; worker. prefix: s one who does. work place snumn place of work; place to make; place to fix; work bench. worm ntiule worm, insect, bug. prefix: n inside; rt.: tiye crawl; suffix: ule land.
underground crawlers.
lit.
es ntiulei It is crawling underground/in the ground. ntitiule worms, insects, bugs. nttiule little worm, insect, bug. yan angleworm, earthworm. yanan wiggle. see: wiggle. i caddisworm, straw worm. ililt caterpillar, woolly worm. syl woodworm. qepqqept woodworm.
worry
tqpelsm feel worried. tqpelsm S/he felt worried. n tqpelsm, tqpelsm es tqpelsi S/he is feeling worried. nes tqpelsi, es tqpelsi qs tqpelsi S/he is going to feel worried. iqs tqpelsi, qs tqpelsi tqpelsm They felt worried. qe tqpelsm, ps tqpelsm es tqpelsi They are feeling worried. qe es tqpelsi, pes tqpelsi qs tqpelsi They are going to feel worried. qeqs tqpelsi, pqs tqpelsi
See: despair.
yemsist, yem despaired, frustrated, troubled, worried; have a block; have a dilemma. usminm lose sleep over something; to be worried. es usminm S/he is losing sleep over s.t./s.o. ies usminm, as usminm qs usminm S/he is going to lose sleep over s.t./s.o. iqs usminm, aqs usminm es usminm S/he is losing sleep over s.t./s.o. ies usminm, as usminm qs usminm S/he is going to lose sleep over s.t./s.o. iqs usminm, aqs usminm em qes usminms S/he will be losing sleep over s.t. em iqes usminm, em aqes usminm em qes usminms They will be losing sleep over s.t. em qeqes usminm, em qes usminmp pupusn, pupus sad; mourn; grieve. See: sad.
worthless
sqam indicates worlthlessness. sqmsqeli worthless man. sqmsmem worthless woman. sqmcin worthless horse.
tmusist, tmu worthless. es tmusisti You are not worth anything. nes tmusisti, es tmusisti
worthy wound
mi worthy.
ilip wounded/shot. ilip S/he/it got wounded. n ilip, ilip 502
es ilip Its wounded. ilpnuis S/he hit it with a bullet. ilpnun, ilpnunt ilpnun u es ilip I hit it and its wounded.
wr
wrap
li wrap. rt.: ul fold; suffix: i covered in. See: fold. sqtt baby sack (wrap for babies). aie wrap with rope/lace/string. rt.: i a it has lines; suffix: i covered in. es aie Its all wrapped up. aieis S/he wrapped s.t. up. aien, aient aient Wrap it up. (comm.) yayalaqtn wrap around the legs. yayalan wrap around the legs. yalim, yal coil up; wrap. See: coil.
wreck
ell roll over; tip over; wreck. (i.e., a car, etc.) elis S/he wrecked it. eln, elnt elis They wrecked it. qe elntm, elntp
mt break down. See: break. man I wrecked/broke the house, tipi, lodge. o mais t cips wolverine wrecked (broke) my tipi.
wrestle wring
mmnwe, mnw wrestle each other.
e wring out. entes S/he twisted/wrung it. enten, ente entes They twisted/wrung it. qe entem, entep emin twisting stick. ente You twist it; wring it out. (comm.) ne wash clothes.
u twist something. See: twist.
wrinkle
uy wrinkled. i uy It is wrinkle. i uys The face is wrinkled. i uyn His/her/its foot is wrinkled. iuyn automobile, car. lit. Wrinkled feet. rt.: uy wrinkle; suffix: n foot. suyn car tire.
wrist write
smcn wrist. iim write. iim S/he wrote. n iim, iim es imi S/he is writing. nes imi, es imi qs imi S/he is going to write. iqs imi, qs imi iim They wrote. qe iim, p iim
503
es imi They are writing. qe es imi, pes imi qs imi They are going to write. qeqs imi, pqs imi intes S/he wrote s.t. inten, inte es iims S/he is writing s.t. ies iim, as iim qs iims S/he is going to write s.t. iqs iim, aqs iim intes They wrote s.t. qe intem, intep es iims They are writing s.t. qe es iim, es iimp qs iims They are going to write s.t. qeqs iim, qs iimp es iimi S/he is writing and writing. nes iimi, es iimi iintes S/he wrote several things. iinten, iinte es iiims S/he is writing several things. ies iiim, as iiim intem It was written. es i Its written. imin paper, book. imintn pen, pencil. t nimintn typewriter. imi Write. (comm.) iint Write it. (comm.) nes imi islat I am writing to my friend. ha e u o iit Would you write a letter for me? si color. im draw a picture. See: draw. nninm sign ones name. See: sign.
wrong
itm It isnt wrong. tam wrong. sil wrong.
Y
nu scqlw one yard. icle mow grass or hay. mne yard. nmne back yard.
yak usne iy yak. Yakima iaqme Yakima people. yard scqw yard as a measure. rt.: qwe step; prefix: sc s.t. thats been done/made/prepared.
salule area where plants/grass grows. (i.e., a yard, lawn,field, etc.)
yard
npuastn, npua Yarn belt. infix: s middle, belly, stomach; suffix: ...tn means
of/device.
504
yarrow yawn year
n Yarrow, milfoil.
hewhwl yawn. hewhwlst yawn. (comm.) smp age, year, snow. ssmp ask how many snows; how old someone is.
spnt year. sessp two-year-old. n clspent I am five years old. is eslu e cil I am 25. esel You are 2. u esel u upn e cil u eslu el cil They are 2, 15, and 25. pesya u pu tan smop All of you are 6 years old. nspnt one year. eslspent two years. elspent three years. mspent four years. clspent five years. nspent six years. sspent seven years. henmspent eight years. tspent nine years. upnspent ten years. eslupnspent twenty years. sspnt, ssp ask, how many years; how old someone is. See: age. es iti S/he/it is first. (i.e, beginning of time.) tapist never. tspis yesterday.
yearling yearling. yell oim yell out; to shout out. (i.e. a war cry)
oim S/he/it yelled. n oim, oim es omi S/he/it is yelling. nes omi, es omi qs omi S/he/it is going to yell. iqs omi, qs omi oim They yelled. qe oim, p oim es omi They are yelling. qe es omi, pes omi qs omi They are going to yell. qeqs omi, pqs omi oi Shout, yell. (comm.) ha es omi Is s/he/it yelling? nes omi u isnsqeli I am shouting out for my fellow people. coi It screamed. See: scream. tspmnc sound of shouting voices. See: shout. wm yell, holler; to talk shouting. See: holler. hawawl tell off; yell at someone. See: tell off.
yellow ali yellow. lali yellows. (pl.) Yellow Bay a Yellow Bay. yellow bell we yellow bell (flower). yellow-bellied marmot sm groundhog, woodchuck, marmot. yellow-jacket su wasp, bee, hornet. yellow-headed aliyaqn a yellow-headed blackbird.
505
yellow lichen slyo yellow lichen. yellow pine chipmunk yellow pine chipmunk, red-tailed chipmunk. yellow pond lily nmp yellow pond lily. yes e yes; hello.
a e oh, yes. une true.
yesterday
tspis yesterday. tspis u n lap Yesterday I sailed. tspis u wiis t mali ci ttwit o es mtms innns Yesterday Mary saw that boy breaking my window.
yet u not yet. yew cl, c western yew (used to make ci bows.) yonder ci ci wver there, over yonder. you anwi you, yours.
m asamp It was your rabbit. asa your rabbit. q asa Its going to be your rabbit. anomqn your hair. aspus your heart. mi nwist anwi Its too high for you.
you all
pnple all of you; all of yours.
m samp It was you folks rabbit. samp you folks rabbit. q samp Its going to be you folks rabbit. omqnmp you folks hair. spusmp you folks heart. pesy all of you, you all. lmlmt pesy thanks, all of you. pu you all; you guys; all of you individuals. rt.: u those individuals. pu ennt All you individuals are slow-pokes.
young
silt young, child.

ilmscut act/play young. ilmscut S/he/it acted young. n ilmscut, ilmscut es ilmscuti S/he/it is acting young. nes ilmscuti, es ilmscuti qs ilmscuti S/he/it is going to act young. iqs ilmscuti, qs ilmscuti ilmscut They acted young. qe ilmscut, p ilmscut es ilmscuti They are acting young. qe es ilmscuti, pes ilmscuti qs ilmscuti They are going to act young. qeqs ilmscuti, pqs ilmscuti
youngest
tw young boy. stewtlt youngest daughter; last born child. stwti younger of two children. 506
your
anwi you, yours. m asamp It was your rabbit. asa your rabbit. q asa Its going to be your rabbit. anomqn your hair. aspus your heart.
youth
tw young boy. stewtlt youngest daughter; of last born child. stwti younger of two children.
silt young, child.
Z
zebra zig zag
esi sncasq zebra. lit. a horse that has lines. es sis Its crooked. es iimncu ipet turning water. suffix: et, t liquid. seeus pimples, acne. seus pimple, zit. nlopeys zip a zipper. lit. fitting teeth together. nlopeysis S/he zipped it. nlopeysn, nlopeysnt es nlopeysms S/he is zipping it. ies lopeysm, as nlopeysm qs nlopeysms S/he is going to zip it. iqs lopeysm, aqs nlopeysm nlopeysnt Zip it. (comm.) nlopeysnt anlkepu Zip your coat.
zit zip
zoo
snlolo ieyu zoo; lit. fence in wild animals.
507
Section 2: terms of a mature nature

The following terms cover areas that have become taboo with the introduction of Westernthought and Christian views; these trems include sexual and gential subjects. The author choose to place these terms in a seperate section so that they may be easily censored from young learners. These terms are generally used in private personal settings between couples. It is not the intent of the author to proliferate a vulgar use of the language. Please respect the teachings of our ancestors and our elders. Please use these words only in appropriate situations. One must realize that all communication in the language must be preserved and revitalized. If we are too afraid to ensure this part of the language is maintained we endanger the communicative ablility of future speakers.
breast
sqaqm breasts.
em suffix indicating breasts. uusnem long breasts that hang down. rt.: wisn long. ttnem big breasts. rt.: tunt big. uuem bare breasts.
butt
neups something place between the butt. rt.: e lump.
numps clenched butt. nips the penis missed the opening. nalep hurt butt.
intercourse
snse have sexual intercourse. es nse S/he is having sex. nes nse, es nse
neupsm insert something in the butt. rt.: e put inside; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. neupsis S/he inserted s.t. in s.o.s butt. neupsn, neupsnt es neupsms S/he is inserting s.t. in s.o.s butt. ies neupsm, as neupsm qs neupsms S/he is going to insert s.t. in s.o.s butt. iqs neupsm, aqs neupsm nesm insert something in between (i.e. vagina, making a sandwich, between ojects, etc..). rt.: e
put inside; suffix: ...s middle, center.
nesis S/he inserted s.t. in s.o.s middle. newsn, nesnt es nesms S/he is inserting s.t. in s.o.s middle. ies newsm, as newsm qs nesms S/he is going to insert s.t. in s.o.s middle. iqs newsm, aqs newsm nemusct, nemusc put ones self between something (i.e. between legs, etc.). See: between. nyemnups stingy with her butt/to refuse sex. rt.: eue stingy; circumfix: nups, ps butt,
tail.
nyemnups She refused sex. n nyemnups, nyemnups es nyemnupsi She is refusing sex. nes nyemnupsi, es nyemnupsi nnmups give her butt; accept to have sex. rt.: i give; circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. nnmups She gave her butt. n nnmups, nnmups es nnmupsi She is giving her butt. nes nnmupsi, es nnmupsi qs nnmupsi She is going to give her butt. iqs nnmupsi, qs nnmupsi nnmupsis She gave her butt to s.o. nnmupsn, nnmupsnt mist surrender; give ones self. rt.: i give; suffix: ist action of the self. See: surrender. nmopsm kiss a butt. circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. nmopsis S/he kissed s.o.s butt. nmopsn, ntmopsnt
508
es nmopsms S/he is kissing s.o.s butt. ies nmopsm, as nmopsm qs nmopsms S/he is going to kiss s.o.s butt. iqs nmopsm, aqs nmopsm nmopsis They kissed s.o.s butt. qe nmopsntm, ntmopsntp es nmopsms They are kissing s.o.s butt. qe es nmopsm, es nmopsmp qs nopsms They are going to kiss s.o.s butt. qeqs nmopsm, qs nmopsmp nmopsi Kiss the butt. (comm.) nmopsnt Kiss s.o.s butt. (comm.) o nmopsnt Kiss my butt. nmaplsm kiss testicles. o nmaplsnt Kiss my testicles. nia look between a woman legs.
penis
spalq penis. spapq little penis. suq erect penis. swisn long penis.
syut, syu thick penis. See: girth. n syu I have a thick penis. salq circumfix indicating penis. smalqm kiss a penis. o smalqnt Kiss my penis.
poke
nipsm poke someones butt. nipsis S/he poked s.o.s butt. nipsn, nipsnt es nipsms S/he is poking s.o.s butt. ies nipsm, as nipsm qs nipsms S/he is going to poke s.o.s butt. iqs nipsm, aqs nipsm nee mouthful of sperm. nee S/he has mouthful of sperm. n nee, nee mp testicle. mmp testicles.
sperm
testicle
nepls circumfix indicating testicles. nmaplsm kiss testicles. o nmaplsnt Kiss my testicles.
vagina
sut vagina.
509
Section 3:
Kinship tables.
Table X - Forebears
Male kinship terms. lmusn
ancestor
stammqn
stammqn ue
great-great-great-grand-parents
stammqn ue
stammqn ue
ue
iye
great-great-grand-parents
iye
great-grand-parents
iye
iye
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
upye
upye yaya
grandmother mothers mother
upye sile
grandfather mothers father
upye
upye
upye qene
grandmother fathers mother
upye sepe
grandfather fathers father
upye
oo - Great-grandparent, an alternative word. Some believe it is a baby-talk version of upye.
ye - Grandmother, an
alternative word used in some Coyote stories.
suy
mother
le
father
Female
Male
Gender specific terms
oye
me
Table xx - Forebears
Female kinship terms. lmusn
ancestor
stammqn
stammqn ue
great-great-great-grand-parents
stammqn ue
stammqn ue
ue
iye
great-great-grand-parents
iye
great-grand-parents
iye
iye
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
great-grand-parents
upye
upye yaya
upye sile
upye
upye
upye qene
upye sepe
upye
oo - Great-grandparent, an alternative word. Some believe it is a baby-talk version of upye.
ye - Grandmother, an
alternative word used in some Coyote stories.
tu
mother
mestm
father
Female
Male
oye
me
Table xx - Kinship
Female kinship terms.
ye - Grandmother, an alternative word used in some Coyote stories.
yaya
grandmother
sile
grandfather
qene
grandmother
sepe
grandfather
aunt mothers sister
qae
aunt mothers brother
nunme
tu
mother
mestm
father
aunt fathers sister
tetie
aunt fathers brother
smam
ie
older sister
qqce
older brother
oye
me
ccu
younger sister
sisnce
younger brother
snsi - Sibling; general term for brother, sister, cousin. Literally, fellow offspring from the prefix sn - fellow/member of; and the root si - spill/pour. snssi (pl.)
Female
Male
Table xx - Kinship
Male kinship terms.
ye - Grandmother, an alternative word used in some Coyote stories.
yaya
grandmother
sile
grandfather
qene
grandmother
sepe
grandfather
aunt mothers sister
qae
uncle mothers brother
nunme
suy
mother
le
father
aunt fathers sister
sui
Uuncle fathers brother
smam
ie
older sister
qec
older brother
oye
me
ccu
younger sister
since
younger brother
snsi - Sibling; general term for brother, sister, cousin. Literally, fellow offspring from the prefix sn - fellow/member of; and the root si - spill/pour. snssi (pl.)
Female
Male
Table xx - Marriage
Male kinship terms.
aunt mothers sister
qae
uncle aunts husband
nunme
nunme
qae
aunt uncles wife
suy
mother
le
father
aunt uncles wife
sui
uncle fathers brother
smam
uncle aunts husband
smam
aunt fathers sister
sui
snsi
cousin older cousin sister younger cousin sister
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
ie ccu
qec
older cousin brother younger cousin brother
ie ccu
qec
ie ccu
qec
ie ccu
qec
since
since
since
since
older sister
ie
brother-in-law
set
older brother
qec
ise
sister-in-law
ccu
younger sister
set
brother-in-law
since
younger brother
ise
sister-in-law
mother-in-law
cec
father-in-law
sae
oye
me
non
wife
sister-in-law
ise
brother-in-law
scset
brother-in-law
set
scise
sister-in-law
Female
Male
Table xx - Marriage
aunt mothers sister
qae
uncle aunts husband
nunme
nunme
qae
aunt uncles wife
mother
tu
mestm
father
aunt uncles wife
tetie
smam
uncle aunts husband
smam
aunt fathers sister
tetie
snsi
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
snsi
snsi
cousin
ie ccu
qqce
older cousin brother
ie ccu
qqce
ie ccu
qqce
ie ccu
qqce
sisnce
younger cousin brother
sisnce
sisnce
sisnce
older sister
ie
brother-in-law
sestm
older brother
qaqce
ise
sister-in-law
younger sister
ccu
brother-in-law
sestm
younger brother
sisnce
ise
sister-in-law
mother-in-law
cec
father-in-law
sae
oye
me
selwi
husband
sister-in-law
ise
scsestm
brother-in-law
brother-in-law
sestm
scise
sister-in-law
Female
Male
Table xx - Offspring
older sister
ie
brother in-law
sestm
older brother
qqce
ise
sister-in-law
oye
me
husband
selwi
brother-in-law
scise
sestm
brother-in-law
scsestm
brother-in-law
ise
sister-in-law
qae
niece
nephew
qae
tetie
niece
sui
nephew
tetie
niece
sui
nephew
qae
niece
nephew
qae
smelt
daughter oldest child
snel
son-in-law
smelt stwtelt
youngest daughter daughter
snel
son-in-law
sse
son
sepn
daughter-in-law
itmilt
utelt
youngest son
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
sepn
daugher-in-law
sse
son
smelt
daughter
snel
son-in-law
ees
middle child
ees
middle child
Female
Male
Table xx - Offspring
Male kinship terms.
older sister
ie
brother in-law
sestm
older brother
qec
ise
sister-in-law
oye
me
non
wife
brother-in-law
scise
sestm
brother-in-law
scsestm
brother-in-law
ise
sister-in-law
nunume
niece
nunume
nephew
smama
niece
smama
nephew
smama
niece
smama
nephew
nunume
niece
nunume
nephew
smelt
daughter oldest child
snel
son-in-law
smelt stwtelt
youngest daughter daughter
snel
son-in-law
sse
son
sepn
daughter-in-law
itmilt
utelt
youngest son
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
tetmtn
in-law
sepn
daugher-in-law
sse
son
smelt
daughter
snel
son-in-law
ees
middle child
ees
middle child
Female
Male
Table xx - Death of Connecting Kin

Male kinship terms.
This term is use if you are raised by the grandparent or grandparents This term assumes your aunt or uncle raises you.
This term is use if you are raised by the grandparent or grandparents

we
we
we
we
This term assumes your aunt or uncle raises you.
westn
aunt mothers sister
westn
suy
mother
father
lew
westn
aunt fathers sister
westn
older sister
ie
brother in-law
nitn
older brother
qec
ise
sister-in-law
oye
me
non
wife
nitn
brother-in-law
nitn
sister-in-law
swelt
niece
swelt
nephew
This term is use if you assume the care and raising of the children.
selp
daugher-in-law
sse
son
smelt
daughter
son-in-law
selp
Female
Male
The connecting relative is dead
Table xx - Death of Connecting Kin

This term is use if you are raised by the grandparent or grandparents This term assumes your aunt or uncle raises you.
This term is use if you are raised by the grandparent or grandparents

we
we
we
we
This term assumes your aunt or uncle raises you.
westn
aunt mothers sister
westn
tu
sister-in-law
older brother
mestm
westn
aunt fathers sister
westn
older sister
ie
brother in-law
nitn
older brother
qqce
ise
sister-in-law
oye
me
husband
selwi
nitn
brother-in-law
nitn
sister-in-law
swelt
niece
swelt
nephew
This term is use if you assume the care and raising of the children.
selp
daugher-in-law
sse
son
smelt
daughter
son-in-law
selp
Female
Male
The connecting relative is dead
Section 4:
Grammar, still in progress.
Salish grammar is very precise and consistent. There are definite rules that apply through out the language. Thare are not many exceptions to these rules. The following is a brief over view of these grammar rules. Look to the Salish Grammar book for more thorough and extesive rules of the Salish language. This section attempts to explain the rules using commonly understood terms along with the sometimes confusing linguistic terms. Much of this work is derived from the dissertation, A Grammar of Spokan, A Salish Language of Eastern Washington submitted by Barry F. Carlson in the early 1970s. One of the most frustrating obstacles in learning Salish has been the creation and use of sentences. Salish is very foreign to English speakers. Speaking Salish can be best explained by using painting as a metaphor. In painting, a person can choose to be as simple or as detailed in displaying the representation. The artist can choose one color or use the shades of many colors. The same is true of Salish. Think of speaking as painting a picture. A speaker chooses word complexity from simple to ultra specific to convey meaning, in other words paint the picture understanding. Ones knowledge of grammar and vocabulary are the palate of the speaker. To help people learn, this book tries to show the patterns of Salish through out the many entries. Salish words fall into two categories, full words and particles. Full words can occur by themselves and constitute a complete sentence. One of the hardest things to fathom in Salish is that there are no nouns. This concept is not fully understood until the philosophical aspect of the language is understood. In Salish, all full words are complete sentences; this includes words that would normally be nouns in English. All Sentences in Salish are of three types: simple sentences consisting of a single clause; compound sentences composed of two independent clauses; and complex sentences with dependent clauses.
Simple Sentences:
Every sentence is made up of at least one clause. A clause is a predicate with or without an adjunct and attendant particles. What did that say? Thats what I thought when I first read it too. A s.t. something predicate is a single full word. All single verbs and noun like words are predicates. In Salish a (s.t.) something single word is a whole sentence. Therefore all words are verbs. You can think of the construction of s.o. implied someone the sentence as an order of importance. Words closest to the start of the sentence are seen a more P.l. Plural R.t. Root word important. comm. Command Predicate: A predicate is any full word or interrogative (question word) with its attendant Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively particles. i.e., That is,
a related word.
in s/he/it ate is a predicate and a complete sentence. The full word is in.
The following sentence has two simple sentences. iqs uy iilqsa n ep scnels Im going to Pablo. I have business there.
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Words that would be nouns in English are complete sentences or verb like words, including names. In Salish, sin, is translated as, it is food, whereas in English it would be the noun, food. So saying sin is a complete simple sentence. particles are dependant words, prefixes, infixes, suffixes, and circumfixes. particles add flavor to their independant word. Intransitive pronoun particles include: n I you qe we p you all plural infix pronoun particle they vowel vowel as in lip they stopped.
n in I ate is a predicate phrase or simple sentence.

These will be explained later with many examples. The predicate can be and interrogative word such as e where? Interrogatives are explained later.
Adjuncts: In addition to the predicate, a clause may have one or more adjuncts or adjunct
phrases. These are optional and follow the predicate. Adjuncts add information relating to the predicate. There may be more than one adjunct or adjunct phrase. An adjunct is a full word or phrase. Adjunct phrases are almost always preceeded by a demonstrative particle and other optional particles. 1. Demonstrative particles include: a. particle u indicates the preceeding is of secondary importance. i. in u stipn Stephen ate. 1. u stipn is the adjunct phrase. Stipn is the adjunct. u is the particle. b. indicating for. i. lip steye u stipn Stephen stopped for the skunk. This sentence has two adjunct phrases. 1. steye is the first adjunct phrase. 2. u stipn is the second adjunct phrase. c. t indicating the article acted on by an intransitive verb, the actor doing the action of a transitive verb or the tool or item used in the action of an intransitive verb. i. in t pataq u stipn Stephen ate potatoes. ii. iis u pataq t stipn Stephen ate potatoes. iii. t epci u iis u pataq t stipn Stephen ate potatoes with a fork. d. e is a relative pronoun particle indicating that the following is a condition of the preceeding. It is most closely similar to then in English. i. in t pataq e nmen S/he ate potatoes and then got full. ii. in t pataq e nmen S/he ate potatoes and then got full. e. emt is a particle that indicates that a different though is going to start in continuation the overall speach. It is also similar to then in English. The simple sentence or clause is constructed as follows: Predicate or predicate phrase optional adjunct phrase optional adujunct phrase
Compound Sentences:
Compound sentences are composed of two independent clauses. The particle u joins two clauses to form a compound sentence. in u sust S/he/it ate and drank. This is an example of a compound sentence. Both words are independent clauses join by u. Each clause can be as complex as simple sentences.
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Adjuncts can be added to form predicate clauses. Each must be independent to form a compound sentence. i aql u apntem Right when s/he/it sat down was shot. a imi u ta es miste Its most likely you dont know it. imi u ta es miste Of course you dont know it. napa a te u lil sqeli Death can be very painful. sspe u ist How old were you when you first walked? wis in u i S/he finished eating and came alive. ist u cusi t esmmo You walked and crossed over the mountain.
Complex Sentences:
particles:
particles add flavor to their independant word. particles are dependant words, prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes. particles are of ten types: intransitive pronouns, transitive pronouns, exclamations, evidential, enterrogative, possibility, modality, aspect, negative, and future. Intransitive pronoun particles include: n I you qe we p you all plural infix pronoun particle they, vowel vowel as in lip they stopped. Using stop as an example, you can see the intransitive pronoun particles in all tenses. lip S/he/it stopped. n lip, lip es lpmi S/he/it is stopping. nes lpmi, es lpmi qs lpmi S/he/it is going to stop. iqs lpmi, qs lpmi lip They stopped. qe lip, p lip es lpmi They are stopping. qe es lpmi, pes lpmi qs lpmi They are going to stop. qeqs lpmi, pqs lpmi Each of the above examples are simple sentences. Each is complete with a predicate and pronoun particles. transitive pronoun particles are prefixes or suffixes. Two types exsist depending on the the root word being stressed or unstressed. These particles include: Unstressed: is S/he/it n I nt you vowel repetitionis they qentm we ntp you all Stressed: ntes S/he/it nten I nte you ntes they qentem we ntep you all causative transitive pronoun particles. Unstressed: sts S/he/it vowel repetitionsts they Stressed: stes S/he/it stes they
stn I qestm we sten I qestem we
st you stp you all ste you step you all
This transitive pronoun particle indicates a substitute, perfoming an action for someone. ts S/he/it tn I t you 513
vowel repetitionts they

Stressed: tes S/he/it tes they
qetm we ten I qetem we
tp you all te you tep you all
a. Exclamations - Exclamations are full particles. They can be complete sentences as their predicate is often understood. When used in a sentence exclamations go first before the predicate. i. hayo - surprise said by a male. 1. hayo n yapcin t kapi Im in need of coffee. ii. eni - surprise said by a female. 1. eni ta es tmscuti Youre not doing right. iii. cune Oh thats right; oh yes. iv. e - Apparently that. v. ma - See. 1. ma e we cuncn ep ie sma See, I told you theres a lot of mean cows. vi. ewi - Thats what happens. 1. ewi nlane See, you eat too much. 2. ewi eye See, youre mean. vii. ho surprise in hearing something. viii. e surprise, wow. ix. i expletive. x. yeppn b. Evidential - a form, such as a verbal affix, that is a grammatical expression of evidentiality.
Evidentiality is an epistemic modality that connotes the speaker's assessment of the evidence for his or her statement. Theres no answer; he must have already left.
i. Evidently. 1. e Rather. a. e oye Its supposed to be me. b. e qe es elini tam qe es memscuti Were supposed to be eating not playing. c. e qeqs uyi sntumi Were supposed to be going to the store. d. e sewne Youre suppose to hear. ii. e Gee, again. 1. e e emut Gee, youre sitting again! 2. i e ye ta es pusncu S/he was really acting like a jerk. 3. e ittmst Oh, you made it easy. iii. u Okay 1. umi Polite attention. 2. ua Okay then. iv. nei - because c. Interrogative i. ha - Question? A clause can be changed to a question by simply adding ha at the beginning.
Any clause that is preceeded by ha is a question or interrogative clause. It can be said that ha denotes a question just the same as a question mark (?) does at the end of a sentence in English.
1. ha tamst Did you reject it? 2. ha emint qs uy nay Are you getting used to going to Missoula. 3. ha es alqini Do you have a headache. 4. ha puti es lilt Is s/he/it still alive?
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5. ha ie nacant u annon Do you kiss your wife? 6. ha ie is awm Do you go and pray? 7. ha es emi qs wen Are you ashamed to dance? 8. ha e u et Would you babysit? 9. ha ma Did you get burned? ii. e Location. Where? e is an inerrogitive particle inquiring about the location of
something. e is often preceeded by a position particle , , and t.
relative clause i. e e u es ul there where s/he was born. 2. e u ei Manner. How is it like? 3. e m ai Manner. How is it done? 4. ece Manner. How is s/he? iii. ste Interrogative pronoun, non-human. what? ste is an interrogative particle inquiring about the state of something. It always preceeds the clause statement. It is a. interrogative content clause i. ta es misten ste u es ums I dont know what s/he is doing. 2. t ste Interrogative determiner. What? used to ask about the state of an intransitive verb. 3. ste Reason. Why? used to clarify 4. piste Time. When? used to inquire about a time in the future. iv. swe Interrogative pronoun, human. who? used to ask about the v. in a. Interrogative content clause i. iuy nay a inn some went to Missoula. 2. in Time. What time? 3. n - prefix inquiring about a numeral of the root word. vi. tma so? rhetorical interrogative similar to so or because. d. Possibility 1. a 2. uc 3. e e. Modality - The classification of prepositions on the basis of whether they assert or deny the
possibility, impossibility, contingency, or necessity of their content. Also called mode. In language, modality is the subject concerning so-called modal auxiliary verbs like can, must, and should, that are customarily used to modify the meaning of other verbs (which in turn tend to take an infinitive form). Modal verbs express possibility (and impossibility, necessity, contingency, etc.), permissibility (and obligation, proscription, etc.), probability (and improbability, etc.). A distinction can be made between both grammatical modality and grammatical mood. Linguistic modality can also refer to the type of communication, whether vocal, signed, or written.
a.
i. we asserts a retort or a necessity of the clause. 1. we e even thought 2. we tam but 3. a we ii. umi iii. em in vain. 1. em u es um in vain it was made. iv. imi v. me vi. ime vii. e u viii. ie might ix. qs unreal; future
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f. Aspect- A category of the verb designating primarily the relation of the action to the passage of time,
especially in reference to completion, duration, or repetition.
i. e already. ii. e indicates progression or continuation. 1. e n opt Im becoming lazy. 2. e nptemn S/he is getting forgetful. 3. m u we sisyu u uy u e opt S/he used to be smart now s/he is lazy. 4. e t upn m ntqin ten till noon. iii. e also; too. iv. m it was; used to be. v. sic new; now; right then vi. wis completion vii. These are transitive pronoun particle indicates an ongoing action is/has complete/finished: 1. nuis S/he/it nun I nunt you 2. nuis they qenuntm we nuntp you all viii. puti indicates an on going action. ix. yu indicates an action has yet to be completed. x. es imperfect refering to an action or state that is or was going on. xi. t stative aspectual suffix. Belonging to or designating a class of verbs that express a
state or condition
g.
h.
i.
j.
1. ppat smart/wise 2. mat its broken 3. est its good 4. yoyot its strong xii. ue repetitive aspect again xiii. e in addition; back as a preposition xiv. i continutive aspectual suffix. xv. al - episodic aspectual suffix. Negative i. ta ii. tam Future i. em ii. qs Imperfect i. ie that which immediately preceeds is an action that is has been performed and is always done. Demonstrative i. i specially noted. 1. i ii. e this iii. e that, those iv. ci these v. ye this vi. u vii. for viii. t point of reference ix. e x. ie xi. ie xii. ici xiii. iu
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xiv. te k. Prepositional i. ii. iii. t iv. is v. t point of reference in the past. vi. affixed to. vii. e in addition; back as a preposition viii. il suffix indicating movement to a position or location. ix. n locative prefix indicating inside. x. c directional prefix indincating to the direction of the speaker xi. prefix indicating the fetching of when used with noun like words. xii. prefix indicating the surface when used with action words. xiii. prefix indicating under. xiv. nep circumfix indicating and opening. l. Imperitive suffixes i. intransitive 1. a. ui work 2. ... wi ii. intransitive continuate 1. es a. es ui continue working. 2. es ... wi a. es uwi all of you continue working. iii. transitive 1. nt 2. nti iv. transitive inflection for causative stems 1. s 2. si v. substitutive transitive. To do something for someone else. 1. t 2. ti m. Auxilirary particles i. axi like ii. mi only iii. ie almost iv. niap still n. Pronominal words i. Full words 1. oye me 2. anwi you 3. cnic him/her/it 4. qe nple us 5. nple you all 6. cnic them ii. element u collected, refers to two or morereferents as a groupor as members of a certain category. o. Reflexive i. cut action to the self. ii. ist action of the self.
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p. q.
r.
s.
Reciprocal i. nweist Reduplication i. plural reduplication 1. this reduplication pattern occurs on stressed roots. It reduplicates the consonates around the stressed vowel in the pattern illustrated in the following: root - c1vc2 changes to c1c2c1vc2 in the plural form. 2. This pattern occurs on suffixed stressed words. The root in the form of c1c2 becomes c1c2c1c2 3. In words that contain an initial i or u in the root the reduplication pattern is as follows: vc1 becomes vc1vc1. 4. In words that contain a glottal stop in the root the reduplication pattern is as follows: with c1v as the root becomes c1vc1v in the reduplication form. 5. pronominal they reduplication happens on the stressed vowel of a word as the following shows: c1vc2 become c1vvc2 with the firt vowel being stressed. 6. distributives plurals a. n aemncut I practiced (impling repetition) b. ililmim they are chiefs. ii. diminutive reduplication 1. In root stressed words a little, is added to the front of the word with the pattern: c1vc2 changes to c1vc1c2. imn little knife. 2. resonants are commonly glottalized in diminutives in the pattern: c1vc2 changes to 1v1c2. a. lu becomes u 3. In suffixed stressed words the following pattern is used: c1c2 changes to c1c1c2. a. cin become cin b. ipeys rained becomes ipeys rained a little. iii. Infix i reduplication. 1. ttwit boy; titwit boys 2. ye mothers mother; iye daughters children. iv. Developmental reduplication 1. Showing development: c1vc2 become c1vc2c2 a. ni cut becomes ni it got cut. 2. In a stress shifting root the form is: c1vc2 become c1c2vc2 a. u clean becomes u it got clean. 3. To show a development to a state of quality the following is used: c1vc2 becomes c1vvc2. a. a hot becomes a it got hot. s.t. something (s.t.) something Nominals implied i. s s.o. someone P.l. Plural ii. sn R.t. Root word iii. sc comm. Command Lit. Literally iv. s agentive nominal prefix; one whose job is. Fig. Figuratively v. emn agentive nominal suffix; somebody who always likes i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to vi. mu agentive nominal suffix; one who does a related word. Ownership i. ep - have
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A verb (derived from Latin verbum, word) is the word of a sentence: it asserts something about the subject of the sentence. Tense ( Latin tempus, time) indicates the time of the verb as present, past, future, etc. Voice (vocis, vox, voice) is the way of speaking which shows whether the subject performs the action of the verb (active voice) or receives the action of the verb (passisive voice). Mood, or mode (modus, manner), is the manner of expressing the action of the verb as a fact (indicative mood), a command (imperitive mood), etc. To conjugate (coniugare, to join together) a verb is to give together the inflected forms of the verb according to the requirements of person, number, tense, mood, and voice. Wheelock, Frederic M., Latin: An Introductory Course Based On Ancient Authors. New York:
Barnes & Noble, 1963. 1.
es pulstn S/he is continuously killing. lpsten lpnun lpten lpnunstn I completed stopping it for him/her
pot-parent.
Some examples may not necessarily be said in Salish, but are still used here to illustrate the possessive patterns. Present
S/he was my parent. S/he was your parent. S/he was his/her parent. S/he was our parent. S/he was you alls parent. S/he was their parent. I was your parent. I was his/her parent. I was you all parent. I was their parent. You were my parent. You were his/her parent. You were our parent. You were their parent. They were my parents. They were your parents. They were his/her parents. They were our parents. They were you alls parents. They were my parents. We were your parents. We were his/her parents. We were you alls parents. We were their parents. You all were my parents. You all were his/her parents. You all were our parents. You all were their parents. Singular. 3-1 inpot 3-2 anpot 3-3 pots 3-1 qepot 3-2 potmp 3-3 poots 1-2 o anpot 1-3 o pots 1-2 o potmp 1-3 o poots 2-1 in pot 2-3 pots 2-1 pot 2-3 poots Plural. 3-1 inppot 3-2 anppot 3-3 ppots 3-1 qe ppot 3-2 ppotmp 3-3 ppoots 1-2 qe potlt 1-3 qe potls 1-2 qe potlt 1-3 qe potls 2-1 p inpot 2-3 p pots 2-1 p pot 2-3 p poots
Table 1 Possessives
Past
Singular. 3-1 m inpot 3-2 m anpot 3-3 m pots 3-1 m qepot 3-2 m potmp 3-3 m poots 1-2 m o anpot 1-3 m o pots 1-2 m o potmp 1-3 m o poots 2-1 m in pot 2-3 m pots 2-1 m pot 2-3 m poots Plural. 3-1 m inppot 3-2 m anppot 3-3 m ppots 3-1 m qe ppot 3-2 m ppotmp 3-3 m ppoots 1-2 m qe potlt 1-3 m qe potls 1-2 m qe potlt 1-3 m qe potls 2-1 m p inpot 2-3 m p pots 2-1 m p pot 2-3 m p poots
Future
S/he is my parent. S/he is your parent. S/he is his/her parent. S/he is our parent. S/he is you alls parent. S/he is their parent. I am your parent. I am his/her parent. I am you all parent. I am their parent. You are my parent. You are his/her parent. You are our parent. You are their parent. They are my parents. They are your parents. They are his/her parents. They are our parents. They are you alls parents. They are my parents. We are your parents. We are his/her parents. We are you alls parents. We are their parents. You all are my parents. You all are his/her parents. You all are our parents. You all are their parents.
Singular. 3-1 iq pot 3-2 aq pot 3-3 q pots 3-1 qeq pot 3-2 q potmp 3-3 q poots 1-2 o aq pot 1-3 o q pots 1-2 o q potmp 1-3 o q poots 2-1 iq pot 2-3 q pots 2-1 q pot 2-3 q poots Plural. 3-1 iq ppot 3-2 aq ppot 3-3 q ppots 3-1 qe q ppot 3-2 q ppotmp 3-3 q ppoots 1-2 qe q potlt 1-3 qe qpotls 1-2 qe q potlt 1-3 qe q potls 2-1 p iq pot 2-3 p q pots 2-1 p q pot 2-3 p q poots
S/he will be my parent. S/he will be your parent. S/he will be his/her parent. S/he will be our parent. S/he will be you alls parent. S/he will be their parent. I will be your parent. I will be his/her parent. I will be you all parent. I will be their parent. You will be my parent. You will be his/her parent. You will be our parent. You will be their parent. They will be my parents. They will be your parents. They will be his/her parents. They will be our parents. They will be you alls parents. They will be my parents. We will be your parents. We will be his/her parents. We will be you alls parents. We will be their parents. You all will be my parents. You all will be his/her parents. You all will be our parents. You all will be their parents.
Words that end in a vowel, like kapi, add sts to make it third person possessive.
m kapists It was her/his/its coffee. kapists His/her/its coffee. q kapists Its going to his/her/its coffee.
Words that end with an n, like omqn, drop the n and add is to make it third person possessive. omqis His/her hair. Animals have, spum fur, so it doesnt say his/her/its hair. Its is omitted. Words that end with an s, like spuus, add ts to make it third person possessive.
spuusts His/her/its heart.
The numbers preceding each example indicate the direction of speech. For example 1-2 is first person to second person and 3-1 is third person to first person.
Perfect Tense.
1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 acncn acn acmn aacn acnct qe acntm acmt qe aacntm o acnt acnt qe aclt aacnt o acntp acntp qe aclt aacntp o acis acnc acis qe acls acms aacis o aacis aacnc aacis qe aacls aacms aaacis I looked at you. I looked at him/her. I looked at you all. I looked at them. We looked at you. We looked at him/her. We looked at you all. We looked at them. You looked at me. You looked at him/her. You looked at us. You looked at them. You all looked at me. You all looked at him/her. You all looked at us. You all looked at them. S/he/it looked at me. S/he/it looked at you. S/he/it looked at him/her. S/he/it looked at us. S/he/it looked at you all. S/he/it looked at them. They looked at me. They looked at you. They looked at him/her. They looked at us. They looked at you all. They looked at them.
Present Tense. st
1 Sing.
Perfect Continuate.
I look at you. I look at him/her. I look at you all. I look at them. We look at you. We look at him/her. We look at you all. We look at them. You look at me. You look at him/her. You look at us. You look at them. You all look at me. You all look at him/her. You all look at us. You all look at them. S/he/it looks at me. S/he/it looks at you. S/he/it looks at him/her. S/he/it looks at us. S/he/it looks at you all. S/he/it looks at them. They look at me. They look at you. They look at him/her. They look at us. They look at you all. They look at them. 1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 es acstmn es acstn es acmn es aacstn es acstmt qe es acstm es acmn qe es aacstm o es acst es acst qe es aclt es aacst o es acstp es acstp qe es aclt es aacstp o es acsts es acstms es acsts qe es acls es acms es aacsts o es aacsts es aacstms es aacsts qe es aacls es aacms es aaacsts I am looking at you. I am looking at him/her. I am looking at you all. I am looking at them. We are looking at you. We are looking at him/her. We are looking at you all. We are looking at them. You are looking at me. You are looking at him/her. You are looking at us. You are looking at them. You all are looking at me. You all are looking at him/her. You all are looking at us. You all are looking at them. S/he/it is looking at me. S/he/it is looking at you. S/he/it is looking at him/her. S/he/it is looking at us. S/he/it is looking at you all. S/he/it is looking at them. They are looking at me. They are looking at you. They are looking at him/her. They are looking at us. They are looking at you all. They are looking at them.
1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6
ies acm ies acm p ies acm ies aacm es acm qe es acm p es acm qe es aacm o as acm as acm qe es aclt as aacm o es acmp es acmp qe es aclt es aacmp o es acms es acms es acms qe es acls p es acms es aacms o es aacms es aacms es aacms qe es aacls p es aacms es aaacms
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
Present Tense.
1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 iqs acm iqs acm p iqs acm iqs aacm qs acm qe qs acm p qs acm qe qs aacm o aqs acm aqs acm qe aqs aclt aqs aacm o qs acmp qs acmp qe qs aclt qs aacmp o qs acms qs acms qs acms qe qs acls p qs acms qs aacms o qs aacms qs aacms qs aacms qe qs aacls p qs aacms qs aaacms I must look at you. I must look at him/her. I must look at you all. I must look at them. We must look at you. We must look at him/her. We must look at you all. We must look at them. You must look at me. You must look at him/her. You must look at us. You must look at them. You all must look at me. You all must look at him/her. You all must look at us. You all must look at them. S/he/it must look at me. S/he/it must look at you. S/he/it must look at him/her. S/he/it must look at us. S/he/it must look at you all. S/he/it must look at them. They must look at me. They must look at you. They must look at him/her. They must look at us. They must look at you all. They must look at them.
Present Continuate.
1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 iqes acm iqes acm p iqes acm iqes aacm qes acm qe qes acm p qes acm qe qes aacm o aqes acm aqes acm qe aqes aclt aqes aacm o qes acmp qes acmp qe qes aclt qes aacmp o qes acms qes acms qes acms qe qes acls p qes acms qes aacms o qes aacms qes aacms qes aacms qe qes aacls p qes aacms qes aaacms I must remain looking at you. I must remain looking at him/her. I must remain looking at you all. I must remain looking at them. We must remain looking at you. We must remain looking at him/her. We must remain looking at you all. We must remain looking at them. You must remain looking at me. You must remain looking at him/her. You must remain looking at us. You must remain looking at them. You all must remain looking at me. You all must remain looking at him/her. You all must remain looking at us. You all must remain looking at them. S/he/it must remain looking at me. S/he/it must remain looking at you. S/he/it must remain looking at him/her. S/he/it must remain looking at us. S/he/it must remain looking at you all. S/he/it must remain looking at them. They must remain looking at me. They must remain looking at you. They must remain looking at him/her. They must remain looking at us. They must remain looking at you all. They must remain looking at them.
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o acnt acnt qe aclt aacnt o acnti acnti qe aclt aacnti You look at me. You look at him/her. You look at us. You look at them. You all look at me. You all look at him/her. You all look at us. You all look at them.
IMPERATIVE MOOD CONTINUATE.

Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o esacs es acs qe es aclt es aacs o es acsi es acsi qe es aclt es aacsi You remain looking at me. You remain looking at him/her. You remain looking at us. You remain looking at them. You all remain looking at me. You all remain looking at him/her. You all remain looking at us. You all remain looking at them.
Present Tense.
1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 ies im ies im p ies im ies iim es im qe es im p es im qe es iim o as im as im qe es ult as iim o es imp es imp qe es ult es iimp o es ims es ims es ims qe es uls p es ims es iims o es iims es iims es iims qe es iim p es iims es iiims I guard you. I guard him/her. I guard you all. I guard them. We guard you. We guard him/her. We guard you all. We guard them. You guard me. You guard him/her. You guard us. You guard them. You all guard me. You all guard him/her. You all guard us. You all guard them. He/she guards me. He/she guards you. He/she guards him/her. He/she guards us. He/she guards you all. He/she guards them. They guard me. They guard you. They guard him/her. They guard us. They guard you all. They guard them.
(13) [Accent on the last syllable.] INDICATIVE MOOD. Perfect Tense.

1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 ncin nten ulmn nteen ncit qe ntem ulmt qe nteem o nte nte qe ult ntee o ntep ntep qe ult nteep o ntes ncis ntes qe uls ulms ees o ntees nciis ntees qe uuls uulms nteees I guarded you. I guarded him/her. I guarded you all. I guarded them. We guarded you. We guarded him/her. We guarded you all. We guarded them. You guarded me. You guarded him/her. You guarded us. You guarded them. You all guarded me. You all guarded him/her. You all guarded us. You all guarded them. He/she guarded me. He/she guarded you. He/she guarded him/her. He/she guarded us. He/she guarded you all. He/she guarded them. They guarded me. They guarded you. They guarded him/her. They guarded us. They guarded you all. They guarded them.
Perfect Continuate.
1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 es stmen es sten es ulmn es sten es stumt qe es stem es ulmn qe es steem o es ste es ste qe es ult es stee o es step es step qe es ult es steep o es stes es stums es stes qe es uls es ums es stees o es stees es stuums es stees qe es uuls es uums es steees I am guarding you. I am guarding him/her. I am guarding you all. I am guarding them. We are guarding you. We are guarding him/her. We are guarding you all. We are guarding them. You are guarding me. You are guarding him/her. You are guarding us. You are guarding them. You all are guarding me. You all are guarding him/her. You all are guarding us. You all are guarding them. He/she is guarding me. He/she is guarding you. He/she is guarding him/her. He/she is guarding us. He/she is guarding you all. He/she is guarding them. They are guarding me. They are guarding you. They are guarding him/her. They are guarding us. They are guarding you all. They are guarding them.
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. Present Tense. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 iqs im 1 - 3 iqs im 1 - 5 p iqs im 1 - 6 iqs iim 1st Pl. 4 - 2 qs im 4 - 3 qe qs im 4 - 5 p qs im 4 - 6 qe qs iim 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o aqs im 2 - 3 aqs im 2 - 4 qe aqs ilt 2 - 6 aqs iim 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o qs imp 5 - 3 qs imp 5 - 4 qe qs ilt 5 - 6 qs iimp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o qs ims 3 - 2 qs ims 3 - 3 qs ims 3 - 4 qe qs ils 3 - 5 p qs ims 3 - 6 qs iims 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o qs iims 6 - 2 qs iims 6 - 3 qs iims 6 - 4 qe qs iils 6 - 5 p qs iims 6 - 6 qs iiims
I must guard you. I must guard him/her. I must guard you all. I must guard them. We must guard you. We must guard him/her. We must guard you all. We must guard them. You must guard me. You must guard him/her. You must guard us. You must guard them. You all must guard me. You all must guard him/her. You all must guard us. You all must guard them. He/she must guard me. He/she must guard you. He/she must guard him/her. He/she must guard us. He/she must guard you all. He/she must guard them. They must guard me. They must guard you. They must guard him/her. They must guard us. They must guard you all. They must guard them.
Present Continuate. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 iqes im 1 - 3 iqes im 1 - 5 p iqes im 1 - 6 iqes iim 1st Pl. 4 - 2 qes im 4 - 3 qe qes im 4 - 5 p qes im 4 - 6 qe qes iim 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o aqes im 2 - 3 aqes im 2 - 4 qe aqes ilt 2 - 6 aqes iim 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o qes imp 5 - 3 qes imp 5 - 4 qe qes ilt 5 - 6 qes iimp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o qes ims 3 - 2 qes ims 3 - 3 qes ims 3 - 4 qe qes ils 3 - 5 p qes ims 3 - 6 qes iims 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o qes iims 6 - 2 qes iims 6 - 3 qes iims 6 - 4 qe qes iils 6 - 5 p qes iims 6 - 6 qes iiims
I must remain guarding you. I must remain guarding him/her. I must remain guarding you all. I must remain guarding them. We must remain guarding you. We must remain guarding him/her. We must remain guarding you all. We must remain guarding them. You must remain guarding me. You must remain guarding him/her. You must remain guarding us. You must remain guarding them. You all must remain guarding me. You all must remain guarding him/her. You all must remain guarding us. You all must remain guarding them. He/she must remain guarding me. He/she must remain guarding you. He/she must remain guarding him/her. He/she must remain guarding us. He/she must remain guarding you all. He/she must remain guarding them. They must remain guarding me. They must remain guarding you. They must remain guarding him/her. They must remain guarding us. They must remain guarding you all. They must remain guarding them.
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o int int qe ult iint o inti inti qe ult iinti You guard me. You guard him/her. You guard us. You guard them. You all guard me. You all guard him/her. You all guard us. You all guard them.
IMPERATIVE MOOD CONTINUATE.

Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o es ste es ste qe es ult es stee o es stei es stei qe es ult es steei You remain guarding me. You remain guarding him/her. You remain guarding us. You remain guarding them. You all remain guarding me. You all remain guarding him/her. You all remain guarding us. You all remain guarding them.
And so on, as in the Indicative, with the addition of qs, or qes. All other Moods and Tenses must be formed from the foregoing, as in paradigm (8-9).
Conjugation of the Second Verb Realative.

(14) [From a verb not accented on the last syllable.]
INDICATIVE MOOD
Present Tense. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 ies awtm I pray for you. 1 - 3 ies awtm I pray for him/her. 1 - 5 p ies awtm I pray for you all. 1 - 6 ies aawtm I pray for them. 1st Pl. 4 - 2 es awtm We pray for you. 4 - 3 qe es awtm We pray for him/her. 4 - 5 p es awtm We pray for you all. 4 - 6 qe es aawtm We pray for them. 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o as awtm You pray for me. 2 - 3 as awtm You pray for him/her. 2 - 4 qe es awlt You pray for us. 2 - 6 as aawtm You pray for them. 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o es awtmp You all pray for me. 5 - 3 es awtmp You all pray for him/her. 5 - 4 qe es awlt You all pray for us. 5 - 6 es aawtmp You all pray for them. 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o es awtms He/she prays for me. 3 - 2 es awtms He/she prays for you. 3 - 3 es awtms He/she prays for him/her. 3 - 4 qe es awls He/she prays for us. 3 - 5 p es awtms He/she prays for you all. 3 - 6 es aawtms He/she prays for them. 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o es aawtmsThey pray for me. 6 - 2 es aawtms They pray for you. 6 - 3 es aawtms They pray for him/her. 6 - 4 qe es aawls They pray for us. 6 - 5 p es aawtms They pray for you all. 6 - 6 es aaawtms They pray for them.
Perfect Tense. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 awtmn 1 - 3 awtn 1 - 5 awtmn 1 - 6 aawtn 1st Pl. 4 - 2 awtmt 4 - 3 qe awtm 4 - 5 awtmt 4 - 6 qe aawtntm 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o awt 2 - 3 awt 2 - 4 qe awlt 2 - 6 aawt 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o awtp 5 - 3 awtp 5 - 4 qe awlt 5 - 6 aawtp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o awts 3 - 2 awtms 3 - 3 awts 3 - 4 qe awls 3 - 5 awtms 3 - 6 aawts 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o aawts 6 - 2 aawtms 6 - 3 aawts 6 - 4 qe aawls 6 - 5 aawtms 6 - 6 aaawts
I prayed for you. I prayed for him/her. I prayed for you all. I prayed for them. We prayed for you. We prayed for him/her. We prayed for you all. We prayed for them. You prayed for me. You prayed for him/her. You prayed for us. You prayed for them. You all prayed for me. You all prayed for him/her. You all prayed for us. You all prayed for them. He/she prayed for me. He/she prayed for you. He/she prayed for him/her. He/she prayed for us. He/she prayed for you all. He/she prayed for them. They prayed for me. They prayed for you. They prayed for him/her. They prayed for us. They prayed for you all. They prayed for them.
? ? ?Perfect Continuate. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 es awtstmn 1 - 3 es awtstn 1 - 5 es awtmn 1 - 6 es aawtstn 1st Pl. 4 - 2 es awtstmt 4 - 3 qe es awtstm 4 - 5 es awtmn 4 - 6 qe es aawtstm 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o es awtst 2 - 3 es awtst 2 - 4 qe es awlt 2 - 6 es aawtst 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o es awtstp 5 - 3 es awtstp 5 - 4 qe es awlt 5 - 6 es aawtstp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o es awtsts 3 - 2 es awtstms 3 - 3 es awtsts 3 - 4 qe es awls 3 - 5 es awtms 3 - 6 es aawtsts 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o es aawtsts 6 - 2 es aawtstms 6 - 3 es aawtsts 6 - 4 qe es aawls 6 - 5 es aawtms 6 - 6 es aaawtsts
I am praying for you. I am praying for him/her. I am praying for you all. I am praying for them. We are praying for you. We are praying for him/her. We are praying for you all. We are praying for them. You are praying for me. You are praying for him/her. You are praying for us. You are praying for them. You all are praying for me. You all are praying for him/her. You all are praying for us. You all are praying for them. He/she is praying for me. He/she is praying for you. He/she is praying for him/her. He/she is praying for us. He/she is praying for you all. He/she is praying for them. They are praying for me. They are praying for you. They are praying for him/her. They are praying for us. They are praying for you all. They are praying for them.
Present Tense. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 iqs awtm 1 - 3 iqs awtm 1 - 5 p iqs awtm 1 - 6 iqs aawtm 1st Pl. 4 - 2 qs awtm 4 - 3 qe qs awtm 4 - 5 p qs awtm 4 - 6 qe qs aawtm 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o aqs awtm 2 - 3 aqs awtm 2 - 4 qe aqs awlt 2 - 6 aqs aawtm 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o qs awtmp 5 - 3 qs awtmp 5 - 4 qe qs awlt 5 - 6 qs aawtmp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o qs awtms 3 - 2 qs awtms 3 - 3 qs awtms 3 - 4 qe qs awls 3 - 5 p qs awtms 3 - 6 qs aawtms 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o qs aawtms 6 - 2 qs aawtms 6 - 3 qs aawtms 6 - 4 qe qs aawls 6 - 5 p qs aawtms 6 - 6 qs aaawtms
I must pray for you. I must pray for him/her. I must pray for you all. I must pray for them. We must pray for you. We must pray for him/her. We must pray for you all. We must pray for them. You must pray for me. You must pray for him/her. You must pray for us. You must pray for them. You all must pray for me. You all must pray for him/her. You all must pray for us. You all must pray for them. He/she must pray for me. He/she must pray for you. He/she must pray for him/her. He/she must pray for us. He/she must pray for you all. He/she must pray for them. They must pray for me. They must pray for you. They must pray for him/her. They must pray for us. They must pray for you all. They must pray for them.
fakalfjdsaljf;lsdaj SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. Present Continuate. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 iqes awtm 1 - 3 iqes awtm 1 - 5 p iqes awtm 1 - 6 iqes aawtm 1st Pl. 4 - 2 qes awtm 4 - 3 qe qes awtm 4 - 5 p qes awtm 4 - 6 qe qes aawtm 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o aqes awtm 2 - 3 aqes awtm 2 - 4 qe aqes awlt 2 - 6 aqes aawtm 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o qes awtmp 5 - 3 qes awtmp 5 - 4 qe qes awlt 5 - 6 qes aawtmp 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o qes awtms 3 - 2 qes awtms 3 - 3 qes awtms 3 - 4 qe qes awls 3 - 5 p qes awtms 3 - 6 qes aawtms 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o qes aawtms 6 - 2 qes aawtms 6 - 3 qes aawtms 6 - 4 qe qes aawls 6 - 5 p qes aawtms 6 - 6 qes aaawtms
I must remain praying for you. I must remain praying for him/her. I must remain praying for you all. I must remain praying for them. We must remain praying for you. We must remain praying for him/her. We must remain praying for you all. We must remain praying for them. You must remain praying for me. You must remain praying for him/her. You must remain praying for us. You must remain praying for them. You all must remain praying for me. You all must remain praying for him/her. You all must remain praying for us. You all must remain praying for them. He/she must remain praying for me. He/she must remain praying for you. He/she must remain praying for him/her. He/she must remain praying for us. He/she must remain praying for you all. He/she must remain praying for them. They must remain praying for me. They must remain praying for you. They must remain praying for him/her. They must remain praying for us. They must remain praying for you all. They must remain praying for them.
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
Sing. 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6
2-1 o awt You pray for me. awt You pray for him/her. qe awlt You pray for us. aawt You pray for them. o awti You all pray for me. awti You all pray for him/her. qe awlt You all pray for us. aawti You all pray for them.
? ? ?IMPERATIVE MOOD CONTINUATE.

Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o es awts es awts qe es awlt es aawts o esawtsi es awtsi qe es awlt es aawtsi You remain praying for me. You remain praying for him/her. You remain praying for us. You remain praying for them. You all remain praying for me. You all remain praying for him/her. You all remain praying for us. You all remain praying for them.
(15)
[ Present Tense. 1st Sing. 1-2 ies iiitm 1-3 ies iiitm 1-5 p ies iiitm 1-6 ies iiiitm st 1 Pl. 4-2 es iiitm 4-3 qe es iiitm 4-5 p es iiitm 4-6 qe es iiiitm 2nd Sing. 2-1 o as iiitm 2-3 as iiitm 2-4 qe es iiilt 2-6 as iiiitm nd 2 Pl. 5-1 o es iiitmp 5-3 es iiitmp 5-4 qe es iiilt 5-6 es iiitimp rd 3 Sing. 3-1 o es iiitms 3-2 es iiitms 3-3 es iiitms 3-4 qe es iiils 3-5 p es iiitms 3-6 es iiiitms rd 3 Pl. 6-1 o es iiiitms 6-2 es iiiitms 6-3 es iiiitms 6-4 qe es iiiitm 6-5 p es iiiitms 6-6 es iiiiitms
I tell news to you. I tell news to him/her. I tell news to you all. I tell news to them. We tell news to you. We tell news to him/her. We tell news to you all. We tell news to them. You tell news to me. You tell news to him/her. You tell news to us. You tell news to them. You all tell news to me. You all tell news to him/her. You all tell news to us. You all tell news to them. He/she tells news to me. He/she tells news to you. He/she tells news to him/her. He/she tells news to us. He/she tells news to you all. He/she tells news to them. They tell news to me. They tell news to you. They tell news to him/her. They tell news to us. They tell news to you all. They tell news to them.
Perfect Tense. 1st Sing. 1-2 iiitmn 1-3 iiitn 1-5 iiimn 1-6 iiiitn st 1 Pl. 4-2 iiitmt 4-3 qe iiitm 4-5 iiimt 4-6 qe iiiitm 2nd Sing. 2-1 o iiit 2-3 iiit 2-4 qe iiilt 2-6 iiiit nd 2 Pl. 5-1 o iiitp 5-3 iiitp 5-4 qe iiilt 5-6 iiiitp rd 3 Sing. 3-1 o iiits 3-2 iiitms 3-3 iiits 3-4 qe iiils 3-5 iiims 3-6 iiiits rd 3 Pl. 6-1 o iiiits 6-2 iiiitms 6-3 iiiits 6-4 qe iiiils 6-5 iiiims 6-6 iiiiits
INDICATIVE MOOD.
I told news to you. I told news to him/her. I told news to you all. I told news to them. We told news to you. We told news to him/her. We told news to you all. We told news to them. You told news to me. You told news to him/her. You told news to us. You told news to them. You all told news to me. You all told news to him/her. You all told news to us. You all told news to them. He/she told news to me. He/she told news to you. He/she told news to him/her. He/she told news to us. He/she told news to you all. He/she told news to them. They told news to me. They told news to you. They told news to him/her. They told news to us. They told news to you all. They told news to them.
Accent on the last syllable.]
? ? ? Perfect Continuate. 1st Sing. 1-2 es iiitmn 1-3 es iiitn 1-5 es iiimn 1-6 es iiitn st 1 Pl. 4-2 es iiitmt 4-3 qe es iiitm 4-5 es iiilmn 4-6 qe es iiiitm 2nd Sing. 2-1 o es iiit 2-3 es iiit 2-4 qe es iiilt 2-6 es iiiit nd 2 Pl. 5-1 o es iiitp 5-3 es iiitp 5-4 qe es iiilt 5-6 es iiiitp rd 3 Sing. 3-1 o es iiits 3-2 es iiitms 3-3 es iiits 3-4 qe es iiils 3-5 es iiims 3-6 es iiiits rd 3 Pl. 6-1 o es iiiits 6-2 es iiiitms 6-3 es iiiits 6-4 qe es iiiils 6-5 es iiiims 6-6 es iiiiits
I am telling news to you. I am telling news to him/her. I am telling news to you all. I am telling news to them. We are telling news to you. We are telling news to him/her. We are telling news to you all. We are telling news to them. You are telling news to me. You are telling news to him/her. You are telling news to us. You are telling news to them. You all are telling news to me. You all are telling news to him/her. You all are telling news to us. You all are telling news to them. He/she is telling news to me. He/she is telling news to you. He/she is telling news to him/her. He/she is telling news to us. He/she is telling news to you all. He/she is telling news to them. They are telling news to me. They are telling news to you. They are telling news to him/her. They are telling news to us. They are telling news to you all. They are telling news to them.
Present Tense. 1st Sing. 1 - 2 iqs iiitm I must tell news to you. 1 - 3 iqs iiitm I must tell news to him/her. 1 - 5 p iqs iiitm I must tell news to you all. 1 - 6 iqs iiitim I must tell news to them. 1st Pl. 4 - 2 qs iiitm We must tell news to you. 4 - 3 qe qs iiitm We must tell news to him/her. 4 - 5 p qs iiitm We must tell news to you all. 4 - 6 qe qs iiitim We must tell news to them. 2nd Sing. 2 - 1 o aqs iiitm You must tell news to me. 2 - 3 aqs iiitm You must tell news to him/her. 2 - 4 qe aqs iiitltYou must tell news to us. 2 - 6 aqs iiitim You must tell news to them. 2nd Pl. 5 - 1 o qs iiitmp You all must tell news to me. 5 - 3 qs iiitmp You all must tell news to him/her. 5 - 4 qe qs iiitlt You all must tell news to us. 5 - 6 qs iiitimp You all must tell news to them. 3rd Sing. 3 - 1 o qs iiitms He/she must tell news to me. 3 - 2 qs iiitms He/she must tell news to you. 3 - 3 qs iiitms He/she must tell news to him/her. 3 - 4 qe qs iiitls He/she must tell news to us. 3 - 5 p qs iiitms He/she must tell news to you all. 3 - 6 qs iiitims He/she must tell news to them. 3rd Pl. 6 - 1 o qs iiitims They must tell news to me. 6 - 2 qs iiitims They must tell news to you. 6 - 3 qs iiitims They must tell news to him/her. 6 - 4 qe qs iiitils They must tell news to us. 6 - 5 p qs iiitims They must tell news to you all. 6 - 6 qs iiitiims They must tell news to them.
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 1st Sing. 1-2 1-3 1-5 1-6 1st Pl. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-6 2nd Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 2nd Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 3rd Sing. 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3rd Pl. 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 iqes iiitm iqes iiitm p iqes iiitm iqes iiitim
Present Continuate. I must remain telling news to you. I must remain telling news to him/her. I must remain telling news to you all. I must remain telling news to them. We must remain telling news to you. We must remain telling news to him/her. We must remain telling news to you all. We must remain telling news to them. You must remain telling news to me. You must remain telling news to him/her. You must remain telling news to us. You must remain telling news to them. You all must remain telling news to me. You all must remain telling news to him/her. You all must remain telling news to us. You all must remain telling news to them. He/she must remain telling news to me. He/she must remain telling news to you He/she must remain telling news to him/her. He/she must remain telling news to us. He/she must remain telling news to you all. He/she must remain telling news to them. They must remain telling news to me. They must remain telling news to you. They must remain telling news to him/her. They must remain telling news to us. They must remain telling news to you all. They must remain telling news to them.
qes iiitm qe qes iiitm p qes iiitm qe qes iiitim o aqes iiitm aqes iiitm qe aqes iiitlt aqes iiitim o qes iiitmp qes iiitmp qe qes iiitlt qes iiitimp o qes iiitms qes iiitms qes iiitms qe qes iiitls p qes iiitms qes iiitims o qes iiitims qes iiitims qes iiitims qe qes iiitils p qes iiitims qes iiitiims
Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6
IMPERATIVE MOOD.
o iiit You tell news to me. iiit You tell news to him/her. qe iiilt You tell news to us. iiiit You tell news to them. o iiitnti You all tell news to me. iiiti You all tell news to him/her. qe iiilt You all tell news to us. iiiiti You all tell news to them.
? ? ?IMPERATIVE MOOD CONTINUATE.

Sing. 2-1 2-3 2-4 2-6 Pl. 5-1 5-3 5-4 5-6 o es iiits es iiits qe es iiilt es iiiits o esiiitsi es iiitsi qe es iiilt es iiiitsi You remain telling news to me. You remain telling news to him/her. You remain telling news to us. You remain telling news to them. You all remain telling news to me. You all remain telling news to him/her. You all remain telling news to us. You all remain telling news to them.
Section 5: Affixes and Root words

roots
rt.: icn meet; infix: n foot; suffix: cut action to the self. rt.: il standing upright; suffix: qin head, top. rt.: sam near; suffix: e house. rt.: u make/build/fix. rt.: o bare. rt.: e wipe; prefix: under. rt.: y black. rt.: y blue. rt.: e put inside; suffix: in foot. rt.: mo bump/hill/mtn.; suffix: al wood. rt.: neptm forget; suffix: ist action to the self. rt.: li around; prefix: people rt.: nel afraid. rt.: npil go in (pl.); suffix: al wood. rt.: ntu place inside rt.: am dry; suffix: posqn lips. rt.: el abandon; prefix: under. rt.: iip fall; prefix: c indicating toward the speaker. rt.: ist walk; suffix: al wood. rt.: ist walk; suffix: aqs nose, road. rt.: u clean; suffix: eys teeth. rt.: ut fly. rt.: uy go; infix: us face. rt.: pit thick. rt.: pit thick; suffix: aqs nose, road. rt.: pe release. rt.: puls kill; suffix: sqe, sqeli people. rt.: puls kill; suffix: we action to each other. rt.: snlep coyote; suffix: cut action to the self. rt.: su stretch; suffix: alqs, lqs clothes. rt.: ti acquire. rt.: to straight. rt.: tiye crawl. rt.: snlep coyote; rt.: y black rt.: ut fly rt.: w crazy rt.: il Red rt.: os Foam. rt.: uiwa wild. rt.: mo bump; suffix: i back.
suffix
suffix: al wood. suffix: lqs, alqs clothes. suffix: aqstn leg. suffix: aq smell. suffix: ast sky, day. suffix: an arm. suffix: ac chest. suffix: cin, cn action of the mouth. suffix: cut action to the self. suffix: est hand. suffix: ee inside hollow object, body. suffix: e house. suffix: el skin/hide.
520
suffix: ep, p tree; floor. suffix: elps, lps neck. suffix: els want, feel. suffix: eln horn. suffix: et, t child, baby. suffix: em breasts. suffix: emn one who always likes to do. suffix: ene ear. suffix: n within. suffix: eple permanence. suffix: epls testicle. suffix: et, t liquid. suffix: s middle, center. suffix: i covered in. suffix: i back. suffix: ist action of the self. suffix: il, wil indicates progression. suffix: mu the individual who always does. suffix: tum of people. suffix: yt shoulder. suffix: lwis indicate going around. suffix: posqn lips. suffix: palt, plt throat. suffix: qin, qn top. suffix: imin paper; book. suffix: sn rock. suffix: sqae, sqa domestic animal; mainly referring to horse or car. suffix: sqe, sqeli people. suffix: in, n feet. suffix: ule land. suffix: us face, fire. suffix: we action to each other. suffix: nunm Completed; indicating there was a progression up to the point of completion. suffix: nunm transitive suffix indicating something was completed; indicating there was a progression up to the point of completion. suffix: mintn tool. suffix: min, mn instrument/tool. suffix: tn means of/device.
prefix
prefix: people. prefix: up on. prefix: surface. prefix: s bad. prefix: under. prefix: c indicating toward the speaker. prefix: little. prefix: n gether with. prefix: sti big. prefix: sc something thats been made. prefix: sc s.t thats been done/made/prepared. prefix: s one who does. prefix: n inside. prefix: sn fellow; member of; rt.: ssilt offspring. prefix: sn a place of. prefix: nst six. prefix: s good.
Infix
infix: n foot.
521
Infix: up hair. Infix: us face.
circumfix
rt.: uiwa wild. circumfix: nep opening. circumfix: naqs nose, road. circumfix: ncin, cn action of the mouth. circumfix: nels want, feel. circumfix: nep egg. circumfix: neys teeth. circumfix: nups, ps butt, tail. circumfix: us, s spherical object; eyes. circumfix: nepls testicles. circumfix: salq penis.
Redirection
see: anxious.
Literal Translation
lit. a horse that has lines. (sl.) (pl.)
522

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English to Salish Dictionary

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Book Usage Guide and Abbreviations

Abbreviated Guide to Salish Pronunciation

qe on top of. tunt qe Place it on the top. (comm.)

numt get injured; to have a long lasting sickness. See: injure.

nunm finish making; accomplish something. rt.: u

suffix: nunm completed; progression up to the point of completion.

qs nunms They are going to accomplish s.t. qeqs nunm, qs nunmp

uut very painful.

seus pimple, zit. seeus pimples, acne.

tim pick/get a plant object or clay. See: pick.

tihes across the land/valley.

iqs ncucuwesnm, aqs

ys Black person, African-American. rt.: y black.

sntoqi noon. See: noon.

against Agatha age

s Saturday; end of the week. akt Agatha.

i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

es it first, ahead. See: first.

es upisti S/he/it is winning. See: win.

air sap air. airplane utn airplane.

alik Alex. aliks Alexander.

Alexander alder tree

all around almost

i mi u stipn u is swen Alone Stephen went to dance.

alpine fir already

maninp alpine, subalpine fir.

witu bittern, american bittern. slqn mudhen, American coot.

ancestor ancient Andrew angel angle

angleworm yan angleworm, earthworm. angry ymt angry, mad.

qmin antlers, horns.

i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

mu antler nubs. nnal one spike. 16

Antoine atwn Antoine; Tony. any imi any; whatever.

ste u asi What is your argument? o it Argue for me.

umumanwi arm wrestle.

armband armpit around

iyallan armband. snman armpit. sniman armpit.

Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

ashes ash tray ask

es iti S/he/it is sleeping; asleep. See: sleep.

mmtp, mmt quaking aspen.

Assiniboine nustaptne, nusta Assiniboine. attack icut attack/rush in/charge in.

in S/he/it ate. See: eat. qe on top of. See: above.

attorney attract attempt auction

August August aunt

s spni August (month of the huckleberry). uyust August; a mans name.

aware away awe

es miscut S/he was aware.

lut S/he/it is far away. See: far.

Lit. Literally Fig. Figuratively i.e., That is, See: - Redirection to

omn awl. lmin axe. min hatchet.

baby board baby sack

sqte baby sack. mol baby board, cradle board.

babysitter setm, set babysitter. back snmi back.

prefix: s one who does.

sntn backpack. See: pack.

nct, n forest, backwoods, brush, thicket.

lo pig, bacon, pork, ham. (approximation to French word)

ye, e bad. e sla bad day. n ye I am evil, bad, mean.

siio badger. ple, bag with a handle. suffix: eple permanence.