INTRODUCTION:Motivation is the passion and determination to achieve a goal.

Simply motivation is a desire to reach the goal, which may not be achieved easily in life. A mixture of motivation and patience will guide a person to achieve his goal in life. There is positive as well as negative motivation. Positive motivation can be defined as the rewards, appreciations and achievements of goals which make you and your family feels proud. For example, working overtime and earn more money to build a comfortable home for your family make you feel proud. So this can be considered as a positive motivation. On the other hand negative motivation is that motivation which comes out of fear, anxiety, etc. in order to achieve an aim. For instance, some students work hard out of the fear and anxiety of failing in exams. They only have the fear of failing in examination and do not have a passion to succeed with good marks; this can be considered as a negative motivation. Neither positive nor negative motivations are inherently bad. A motivation means not only the passion to move forward but also the determination to never give up the work to attain the goal. (Motivation, no date). The reason of all motivations is the needs. There are primary needs and secondary needs. Primary needs like food, shelter, dress, sleep, water are common to all human beings. Secondary needs determine the variations in the motivations experienced by each and every man. Secondary needs are psychological, such as the desire for power, love and achievement. This secondary needs vary from man to man. So the motivations to achieve these secondary needs too vary from person to person. The motivation to achieve the secondary needs will be gained from outside or from within. So according to this, motivation is of two types: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation means an extreme desire to achieve a goal, which a person gains from within whereas extrinsic motivation is an external force which guides a person to achieve his goal. This will be time bound. Even though the result varies according to the works of the intrinsically motivated workers and extrinsically motivated ones, a management will be successful only if it has a group of motivated workers. Because the motivation of each worker, to achieve their goals, will lead the company to a great success. So, motivation has a great role in the success of a management. (cliffnotes, no date).

Distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Explaining how an understanding of the distinction is important from the practical management point of view. Motivation can be defined as an internal force which helps a person to move forward till he achieves his goal. if one feels that he is unfit to do something it is his intrinsic motivation that guides him to act against his limitations and if some external force helps a person to move forward against his limitations, that force can be called as the external motivation. Researches prove that one can be influenced by his own levels of motivation and self control.

Distinction between extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation:Extrinsic motivation If we encourage a person to do something offering a reward such as money, gifts, etc. we are actually influencing them using some offers, not motivating them. Even if it can be called the extrinsic motivation, it does not produce what is expected .The financial crisis too has shown that these extrinsic motivations do not produce a positive result as expected. Some motivations classes may influence some people, but still it is in vein. From childhood itself we received many positive as well as negative reinforcements such as rewards and punishments. So we are used to the extrinsic motivation and from the experience we know that it is time bound. It does not last long. Extrinsic motivation loses sincerity. The extrinsic motivation has got many drawbacks. The extrinsic motivation kills the intrinsic, the sincere, motivation. Because the continuous rewards and offers tempt the intrinsically motivated workers too. This leads to the failure of a management. When you withdraw the reward, which was given to the worker to perform better, the motivation vanishes. And if the same reward lasts for a long time without any increment, the motivation gets extinguished. And this motivation can be regained only if bigger rewards are offered. Extrinsic motivation is a service exchange. It is an exchange of service for the offered rewards. So the management and workers are exchanging rewards and services respectively. The extrinsically motivated workers or the reward system followers will have the energy to work well but it extinguishes easily or it will not remain long. Even the extrinsic motivation like motivation classes is not as effective as a reward system. (tmcnet, no date). Intrinsic motivation Intrinsic motivation is just the opposite of extrinsic motivation. That means it lasts long and it is sincere in nature. This is the force which one gains from within without

receiving any rewards for doing a job. The intrinsic motivation of a person consists of his wish fulfill his goal by pursuing his activity. So in all ways intrinsic motivation provides better result than the added extrinsic motivation. Intrinsically motivation includes: interest in work, interest to solve problems, no need of pressure pushing and reminding by superiors, less stress, greater level of job satisfaction, low amount of absenteeism and pride in work. The employees will have a chance to be creative and innovative, only if they have the interest, satisfaction and will power within themselves. The intrinsically motivated employees will be highly dedicated to their works and they will be committed to their management. There are four intrinsic rewards on which the intrinsically motivated employees work. They are sense of meaningfulness, sense of choice, sense of competence and sense of progress. The reward, sense of meaningfulness means the importance or the meaningfulness of fulfilling a work before an employee. The sense of choice means the feeling to select how to accomplish a work. Sense of competence means an employees confidence to handle a work in a better way. And the sense of progress means the greater level of encouragement an employee experiences while seeing the progress in his work. The employees who work on the intrinsic rewards have been classified into three types of scorers. The first one is high-range scorers, the workers who experience the above four intrinsic rewards while working. The next one is the moderaterange scorers, the employees who experience a medium or moderate level of the intrinsic rewards at their work. The last one is low- range scorers. These are the workers who feel their work as meaningless or they are dissatisfied with their work. A manager should have the awareness that the external motivations are time bound and in order keep it constant, even the theorists are trying to find out new methods. So this awareness will help the manager to recruit intrinsically motivated employees or employees who have the passion to work so that the company can reach at a height of success. Even if many theorists are trying their best to implement new ideas to motivate the workers externally, it is actually not practical, because it has many demerits which affect the company badly. So the managers must have an eye to differentiate between extrinsically motivated workers and intrinsically motivated ones. The extrinsically motivated workers can be given chance and they should be observed. But once it is proved, the superiors should give place for the internally motivated workers to the company. It will be better for the well being of the company. The superiors should think from the practical side and act according to it.

Explain why many theorists believe that someone who is intrinsically motivated by their job is more likely to sustain a high level performance over time than a collegue who is largely extrinsically motivated.

Many theorists are of the opinion that intrinsically motivated workers of a management are found to perform better than the extrinsically motivated people. There are many theorists who support this fact. Some of them are Frederick Winslow Taylor, Elton Mayo, etc. According to Frederick Winslow Taylor, payment is the main motivation for a worker. Payment is actually an extrinsic motivation and if this expected payment ceases, the motivation to excel too ceases. The arguments of many theorists prove that the intrinsically motivated workers are better for a management. The extrinsically motivated workers do not naturally enjoy the work instead they are working only for the sake of money. Frederick Winslow Taylor argued; supervision and control over the workers are essential for the smooth functioning of a company, because they do not enjoy their work naturally. Taking this fact into consideration, the superiors will have to cut down the whole work into small tasks. Motivation classes or appropriate training will have to be provided to the workers. Workers will be paid according to their performance. On the basis of payment, workers try to reap more profit for the company by working hard. Many businesses adopted Fredericks method but later, as it is a repetitive task, it is found to be boring for the workers. Another theorist Elton mayo is of the opinion that the workers can be not only motivated by money but also by satisfying their social needs. Social needs like interactions and chatting along with the payment motivate the workers to increase the productivity level. Mayo succeeded in his experiment, that he placed two women workers separately to perform their work. But this gave less profit and when the same women were given the opportunity to interact while working, there happened a hike in the profit. This theory was a success when compared to that of Frederick. But still this method too is time bound or it does not last long. It is successful only if the workers are given chances to interact with one another.(tutor2u, no date)

All the above arguments and theories are based on how to reap a better result by motivating the workers intrinsically. But all these theorists and their theories prove that intrinsically motivated workers do not need any rewards, offerings and new theories to make them perform well, because thay are intrinsically motivated and have the passion to work inside themslves. So for the success of a company, it needs intrinsically motivated workers than the extrinsically motivated ones.So it is true that the extrinsically motivated workers are found to perform better than the intrinsically motivated ones because the externally motivated people will have the interest to do well only till the external motivator is present. otherwise the force which leads him to perform well extinguishes. intrinsic motivation is the force which is present in a person throughout his work, no matter a second person is present or not. the internal motivation arises when a person comes across an internal experience and this internal experience gives a person the drive to perform with a high interest. According to Albert, the intrinsically motivated people experience a "pull" to pursue their work. intrinsically motivated people are found to perform with greater level of motivation, effort, creativity, interest and continuation in achieving the task. Extrinsic motivation can considered as a control whereas the intrinsic motivation is a commitment. the extrinsic motivation lasts till the positive reinforcement is present, that means the workers are in the chains of the external stimuli. in the case of intrinsic motivation there is no control over the person , instead there is a greater level of commitment. their reward or positive reinforcement comes from within. : in fact motivation is the driving force which comes from inside or motivation is always internal. the force to act, which one acquirs from outside, cannot be called as motivation. instead it can be called as influence.only the intrinsic motivation lasts long.

To what extend do you agree with this view and why?

3. yes I do agree with the fact that the intrinsically motivated workers are found to perform better than the extrinsically motivated ones. The person who is intrinsically motivated will have a passion to work for his company as well as to achieve his goal. On the other hand , in the case of extrinsically motivated ones,a superior should have to have an eye to check whether the staff is motivated to do the reqired job or is he motivated to do in his own way, there lies the success of

an organisation.we cannot motivate a person externally instead we can influence him inhis behaviour. both motivation and influence are entirely different from each other.the external motivation works on the rewards like money, gifts, or status whereas in internal motivation the enjoyment or the will power to achieve the goal, itself is a reward. So in all ways intrinsic motivation helps a person to achieve his goal than the extrinsic motivation.

I am really shocked on the idea that rewards and punishments have a great role in the employees excellence. Actually the externl motivators cannot bring out a better group employees and offerings and incentives cannot improve the working excellence of the employees. Intrinsic motivation, the inter drive, helps a person to exell in his work. The intrinsically motivated workers in a company will have a healthy competition to reap profit for their company, whereas the reward system followers will also have this kind of competitions but will not last long. (poder, 29/07/2008) The offerings of rewards may make an employee an excellent performer. But these offerings will make the worker an envious person. Because he will have a thirst for rewards even to work for his own family. Actually because of these rewards the employee will be attributed as a lazy and envious person. And this leads him to his own destruction. But an intrinsically motivated person will have a steady character and will be sincere and truthful to his work and his management. The workers actually paid for their work by the management. Besides their salary receiving and offering rewards for a better job is really a crime. This creates a big loss for the management, if the company accommodates a group of extrinsically motivated employees. So if a company accommodates a set of intrinsically motivated professionals, the company will definitely be a great success. The financial incentives ofcourse increase the performance level but in future it leads the staff to have an attraction towards money, by which he will be ready to do anything and the main problem is that this employer will wish for greater amount of money within little days. So it lead a company to a big loss. In order to avoid this, posting of intrinsically motivated professionals are better.( knowledge, no date). Providing the employees, the knowledge about the aim of their company can motivate them. But still the depth of performance will not be upto the level of the intrinsically motivated employees.

Conclusion; Motivation is the drive to attain a goal in all aspects of life. Motivation comes from within and it is internal. And the force given from outside to drive the passion to achieve something is not actually attributed as motivation. It is actually influence or control over a person offering some worldly things. So in all senses motivation is internal so it can be called as intrinsic motivation. Many theorists tried to bring out new methods to transform the external force or influence or control to motivation by following many new ides. But all the ideas found to be in vein one way or the other. Because the external force does not last long for it is time bound. When the source of external force to work disappears, the passion for work too vanishes. So for the smooth functioning of a company, the managers should be well aware of the fact that the naturally motivated workers or intrinsically motivated workers are essential. For this, the superiors have to think from its practical side that, can externally motivated workers compete with intrinsically motivated workers? All the theories of the theorists prove that intrinsic motivation is better for the well functioning of a company. The external motivation not only harms the management but also the very individual. Such people will have an attraction to earn money, no matter which the way is.