Reasons of Brain Drain in Pakistan: A global phenomenon is the migration of intellectual man power from less developed countries

to more migration is from the third world countries to the European state and USA. The migration to China, Japan and Malaysia is less than Australian continent. While the migration from one country to another has its own mentis and leads to better development of the world and the nation forming it, it also causes serious damages to the less developed countries which need actually the presence of it such intellectuals who migrate to the rich nations. It leads to the depletion of cultural richness when the highly enriched intellectuals migrate. The migration of Chinese and Japanese to the rest of the world has polluted the cullres of the many countries. Also the migration of better qualified scientists and engineers is noticeable and has because a matter of great concern because the less developed countries needs them more seriously. It is there fore a matter of great attention to investigate the causes of migration of qualified man power from Pakistan to Europe, Australia and USA. In this article the an attempt has been made to probe the reasons of inteuectual migration, so called the Brain Drain and to suggest measures to arrest or minimize this migration what is termed as Brain Prevention. Reasons of Brain Drain in Pakistan are 1. Economics reasons In addition to several legitimate political reasons including peace and security for himself and his family, another reason is economic; such as job satisfaction, academically progressive environment, better pay and service conditions. 2. Lack of financial and Academie reasons The just for better life and higher education is a strong reason behind the brain drain from Pakistan. There is no doubt that more and better opportunities in the US and UK are one of the attractions to moving there. No good institution for research and doctorate lever and post doctorate level studies opportunities are available in Pakistan. 3. Role of political will in the prevention of brain drain The political instability let the people leave the motherland for a better future with some prediction. There is a dire need to assure the man power to remain present in Pakistan. A diplomatic solution should be given a priority to resolve conflicts rather than going to let the people do what they want. 4. Lack of higher Education Institutes Seience and technology is an area that is not fully exploited by the Pakistan resources. A less budget sliced away for education is the reason in leaking the higher studies which could prenent the brain drain. Many other reason behind the brain drain from Pakistan are there some of these are; Natural Problems Political and Social feater Poor status of Science and Scientists in Pakistan society. Lake of competition and Challenging Culture. No Proper ontrstrueture for research and development. No merit criteria. Implications of brain drain in Pakistan The implications of brain drain are disastrous. It entails losses of strategie man power from bey posts. Trained and skilled people constitute a very scarce resource for poor countries. Losing them sets developments back in these countries. Another important implication of the brain drain is that investment in education in a developing countries may not lead to faster economic growth if a large number of its highly educated people leave the country. he headline of the brochure for the American Institute of Chemical Engineers states that chemical engineers are responsible for the production of items, from microchips to potato chips. Chemical engineers work in the chemical, fuel, aerospace, environmental, food, and pulp and paper industries, among many others. Responsibilities range from research and design to development, production, technical sales, and, for those with good communication skills, management. Chemical engineering is a

problem-solving profession with a practical bias; expect to answer the question how more than any other. Chemical engineers translate the discoveries chemists make into real-world products. If a chemist invents a better fertilizer, for example, a chemical engineer might design the method to make mass production of that fertilizer possible. Much of this work is planning: theoretical modeling of production processes and analysis that takes place on computer or in preliminary reports. Chemical engineers work with chemists, accountants, human resource personnel, and regulators to create efficient, safe and costeffective methods of reproducing valuable items. Chemical engineers work in teams, mostly for large corporations. Engineers thrive on the intellectual challenge they get from their work. Good chemical engineers are always trying to refine their systems, improve them, and make them safer and more efficient. Like all engineers, the would-be chemical engineer must pass a rigorous set of academic requirements. Coursework must include a full spectrum of chemistry courses, some physics, electrical engineering, mathematics, computer science, and biology, as well as some applied materials science courses for those who want to go into manufacturing industries. English courses are extremely helpful, as many chemical engineers must write and review reports. Over 140 colleges and universities offer accredited chemical engineering curricula. Masters and doctoral degrees are preferred for those who hope to achieve any supervisory or directed research positions. The most difficult thing about becoming a chemical engineer is adapting theoretical knowledge to a practical discipline. Many engineers find it helpful to attend professional seminars and subscribe to publications, such as Chemical Engineering, which explore their area of responsibility in the light of industry breakthroughs. Others enjoy the support of professional organizations, such as the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). Employers, for the most part, view chemical engineering as a practical discipline and look for experience in production, manufacturing, or management to verify these traits in potential employees. Each state has its own written exam for chemical engineers who wish to work in the public sector. Chemical engineers use their skills to become entrepreneurs and managers in a number of fields, ranging from patent law to microbrewing. A notable few become astronauts. The majority of chemical engineers rotate within the profession rather than leave it.