A Clay brick, which was the primary wall material, is now being replaced by FLY ASH BRICKS, which

are hi-tech wellimproved quality products. They are competitive in comparison to the conventional clay bricks and provide enormous indirect benefits. The country can gain a lot by gainful utilization of fly ash bricks resulting in conservation of natural resources as well as protection of environment.

COMPOSITION:
The important compositions of fly ash bricks are as follows;

o o o o

FLY ASH CEMENT SAND WATER

SOURCES OF FLY ASH:

72% of Indias power plants are coal based. These power stations generate nearly 40 million tones of fly ash annually. Fly ash contains Co2 emitted from Thermal power plants, industries using coal as a fuel emits unwanted ash and smoke from which fly ash is produced. In all the power plants and industries, they separate the fly ash by using the cyclone converter. This fly ash is then used as a raw material for manufacture of bricks.

NATURE OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY FLY ASH:

Fly ash causes severe pollution of air and water, and its disposal gobbles up large tracts of land. Well-planned programs for proper management of fly ash are therefore being undertaken to enhance the use of fly ash in various applications, so that our already perilously imbalanced environment can be protected

MANUFACTURE:

The fly ash brick is nothing but a slow setting pozzalona cement mix. The process is same as making cement in cement factories whereas the clay and limestone are burnt with coal and gypsum. And it is mixed and ground to cement.

In fly ash mix also the fly ash, which is burnt clay particles (oxides of clay) obtained from burning coal, which contains clay from the mines. When hydrated lime powder, gypsum are mixed and ground in a pan, the mixture gives a slow setting pozzalona cement.

While the mix is pressed at low pressure at low moisture content in hydraulic machine, which is specially designed to give high pressure load at a slow rate, in the order of 350kg/square inch.

At this of rate of pressure and with holding the pressure for a desired time gives ultimate strength to fly ash bricks.

FLOWCHART SHOWING THE MANUFACTURE:

FLY ASH TO LESSEN GLOBAL WARMING:

The increase in green house gases, out of which CO2 is one of the major constituents, increases the global warming year after year, causing drought and floods. The total CO2Emissions globally account for 24,960 million tons at 1990 levels. Cement and building materialsindustry is one of the major contributors.

The CO2 emission is about ninety million tons out of cement and forty nine million tons out of clay bricks production in India. As per the ongoing practices in India, each million clay bricks consume about 200 tons of coal (or any other fuel with equal quantity of thermal values) and emit around 270 tons of CO2.

Fly ash bricks production in energy-free route saves the emissions totally, befitting the project to qualify under Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), as envisaged by Kyoto Protocol towards the welfare of Mother Earth.

COMPARISON OF CLAY BRICKS AND FLY ASH BRICKS:

PROPERTIES 1. 1. 1. Density Compressive strength Absorption RED BRICKS 1600-1750 kg/m3 30-35 kg/cm2 15-25% FLY ASH BRICKS 1700-1850 kg/m3 90-100 kg/cm2 10-14% REMARK Higher load bearing Higher load bearing Less dampness Saving in mortar up to 1. 1. Dimensional stability Wastage during transit Very low tolerance Up to 10% Thickness vary on the both sides of 1. Plastering wall Even on both sides High tolerance Less than 2% 25% Saving in cost up to 8% Saving in plaster up to 15%. Tags:

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