Edexcel Jan 2011 Statistics S1 solutions

a)

Sll = l2 (l )2 /n = 327754.5 (4027)2 / 50 = 3419.92

Slw = lw (l w) /n = 29330.5 (4027 * 357.1 /50) = 569.666

b) r = Slw / (Sll Sww) = 569.666 / (3419.92 * 289.6) = 0.572418 = 0.572 (3sf)
C) The reasonably positive coefficient indicates that as the length increase so does the weight of the
salmon.

a)

xk = 2.8 + 5.6 + 2.3 + 9.4 + 0.5 + 1.8 = 22.4

x28 = xk + xj = 22.4 + 84.6 = 107

mean = 107/28 = 3.821

b) The sum of the two transposed figures 4.9 + 5 = 9.9. The sum of the original readings was 9.4 +
0.5 = 9.9. As the two figures are equal they will have no bearing on the mean and will make no
difference.

a) Inter quartile range = Q3 Q1 = 14 7 = 7

Lower outlier = 7 (1.5 * 7) = -.3.5
Upper outlier = 14 + (1.5 * 7) = 24.5
The value 25 is an outlier, giving the box plot below.

(note: showing the largest observed value which is not an outlier or the point above which outlier begin
are both acceptable).
b) Q2 Q1 = 12 7 = 5
Q3 Q2 = 14 12 = 2
Negatively skewed as Q3 Q2 < Q2 Q1.
c)

The companys claim is not true as we get 7000/month for the lowest 25%. Hence 75% of the
months are above 7000 and not 10,000 as claimed.

a)

b = Spv / Svv = 1.688 / 5.753 = 0.293

The mean point (4.42, 3.22) lies on the regression line. Giving
3.22 = a + (0.293. * 4.42)
a = 3.22 1.29506 = 1.9231
Therefore, the regression line p on v is
p = 1.92 + 0.293v
b) For annual rainfall, x , of 85cm we have
v = (85 5) / 10 = 8

Using our regression line, we have

p = 1.92 + (0.293 * 8) = 4.3

a)

The median lies in the 40-49 class. We have

39.5

Q2

49.5

14

16

25

(Q2 39.5) / (49.5 39.5) = (16 14) / (25 14) = 2/11

(Q2 39.5) = 20/11
Q2 = 39.5 + 1.8 = 40.3
b) Mean = t/n = 1414 / 32 = 44.1875 = 44.2 (1dp)
Variance = (t2)/n (t/n)2 = 69378/32 (44.1875)2 = 215.5273
Standard deviation = Variance = 215.5273 = 14.7

c)

Mean of 44.2 > median of 40.3 therefore there is positive skew.

a)

The total probability must add to 1, ie P(X=x) = 1. Therefore

k + 2k + 3k + 4k = 1
10k = 1
k = 0.1
b) E(X) = (1 * 0.1) + (2 * 0.2) + (3 * 0.3) + (4 * 0.4) = 3
c)

E(X2) = (1 * 0.1) + (4 * 0.2) + (9 * 0.3) + (16 * 0.4) = 10

d) Var(X) = E(X2) (E(X))2 = 10 32 = 1

Var(2 5X) = (-5)2Var(X) = 25
e) P(X1 + X2 = 4) = P(1,3) + P(2,2) = (2 * 0.1 * 0.3) + (0.2 * 0.2) = 0.1
f)

P(X1 + X2 = 8) = P(4,4) = 0.4 * 0.4 = 0.16

P(X1 + X2 = 5) = 1 (0.01 + 0.04 + 0.10 + 0.25 + 0.24 + 0.16) = 0.2

Alternatively, P(X1 + X2 = 5) = P(1,4) + P(2,3) = (2 * 0.1 * 0.4) + (2 * 0.2 * 0.3) = 0.2
g) P(1.5 < X1 + X2 <= 3.5) = P(2) + P(3) = 0.01 + 0.04 = 0.05

b) P(A) = P(RR) + P(YY) = ( * 2/5) + (1/2 * 2/5) = 2/5 = 0.4

c) P(B) = P(RRR) + P(RYR) + P(YRR) + P(YYR)
= (1/2 * 2/5 * 2/3) + (1/2 * 3/5 * 5/9) + (1/2 * 3/5 * 5/9) + (1/2 * 2/5 * 4/9)
= 2/15 + 1/6 + 1/6 + 4/45 = 50/90 = 5/9
d) P(AB) = P(RRR) + P(YYR) = (1/2 * 2/5 * 2/3) + (1/2 * 2/5 * 4/9) = 10/45 = 2/9
e)

P(AB) = P(A) + P(B) P(AB) = 2/5 + 5/9 2/9 = 33/45 = 11/15

a) The random variable X is the weight of soup in a tin in grams

X ~ N(160, 52)
Z ~ N(0,1)
z = (168 160)/5 = 1.6
P(Z < 1.6) = 0.9452
Therefore, P(Z > 1.6) = 1 - P(Z < 1.6) = 1 - 0.9452 = 0.0548
b) z = (w 160)/5
P(X < w) = P(Z < z ) = 0.01
z = -2.3263
-.2.32 = (w 160)/5
w=148.4
c)

z = (160 - ) /

P (Z < z) = 0.99
z = 2.3263
2.3263 = 160-

equation 1

z = (152 - ) /
P(Z > z) = 0.90
z = -1.2816
-1.2816 = 152 - equation2
Subtracting equation 1 from equation 2 gives
3.6079 = 8
= 2.21
Solving for by substituting in one of the equations gives = 154.84