Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
)
The
Benefits S
of I
HART
Protocol
Communication S y stems
in
mart
nstrumentation
n i g r s o o
a n c t m r
l o a e u m l
g v s m u s e n
c a v n
u r a t i c
r i e r a a
r s
n w b i o e
t i t l e n p r
s h b s o
i g i n e y c
a a i n s e t s e g
l . r a r m s v
n n e s a r p u g
m e r e s i a
o o s e b
s f e
t 4 n t l e h t
a e i s i n
p 2 d
p 0 . i n f o r
l i c m V t m i r e
i o i n a n t i o a
s p l l y t n i o . a n
t r
h o l l a
e p i n l s o s
m r t t a t a
i l l i a i o l l e n d n d
m t o p a r
e t l a d h
r e n t o
A na
A t r a u
i a t t
Inte
A v
HART i n c t s h a h e s a t r r u
HART d u c e r
Hi g
Ad
Re
Th w i g a m c r r e t s h a i t
e h n t i o e a e t m i o a s
HART m l . n w r r e n , i e n a s a B i g i r d t s n r n t a i n b , d r o n g t t i n h
p s
o t t h r
t u e
o m
o e 4 n a 4 s g n l o a l s 2
l n 0 b r 2 y
e t s
n w m e v 0 p a t r o m i c t m
b i t A t a r r a
l e h a n b ( o n
s u a s l e i f e i n f a n o m o m i c t m
t t
w d l o g i t a d e r e a p a m e r s
o i s
w t a u n d d
a r d s c e d t i r i o e t l e e n s d b
y i n
d g
i g t
i t h
a e
l 4 d e i g a o n c s l o g x i s a e
c i g o n d f s m i e t
o 2 i t u a d i g s e s i n
m 0 a s l i t u i b t f g r l
m m c
n A a o o m v r a i o t e . p y s r t h n m
i c n m e r a l , r U o e o m
a a u
i o l o n t h i o e a a e n g
HART i m o ) v , i c i s a e w c t h i t t n h h o e n w e a e t u r o h c c l t l a s i l e n
i -
a . y p
l s P t r d o t i o t d n o c i g h o r e
c i m
t n s
l y i n i o a l e i m o s r t f n o
i a A
Introduction
i r , a w
l i -
c i a o
r s h m i s
c u n c m e
HART a i n r s a u s s p p t t h r i d p u e m l y
F d e n a r s
i e u t n o
l d s c d t o r
C y
o v c e
g l i k s s . e
i n
HART p e t r u r m o e p n e
e u c
i t ,
i o t i b
HART
l i e
HART
T
c o b r p t h . e r e o o t v c r m t a i d o m h n e p a 4 s s t t d w f f l y i n i n g y o n m c o r . r r e e K i o
ch
nol
og
Th i b 2 m m p a a 0 i t l e
e s m t n t i b e y
HART o A d b i l i t y s e l u a t n i m n a e n i o a u f n
r f
o o g
t r a
o s n e
c m d o r m o
l a d u m s i s r
p r t i g l y e i t
o i n i t o d y
v s a n b o
i d t l r
e u c t y h f e x
s m o e i e i s m
a e m s l d t i n b a n
u t u m
n c n
i q o i c e u s 4 , -
u m a w w 2
e m t
l y u i o i r h 0 i n i l e m n
b n
a i c s g r A e s .
c a i g
k t n
w i o a
a n l s
d a a s
Th e n i g i t
e y
HART p i n s i t h q q u u a t e e h n n g i g l e c c F n S 4 y y o ( F a K o 2 S l s s K
o ) a i g 0 f f 2 1 t
t s
o t a n m 2 2 0
c a
o n l o a l A 0 0 0
l d w i s s
m a
a r l e p i g n d
e t v h a a n s a l . e
s o l s e
u s o
s u n c
e p t o l o l o o w g
o e o n
f r p t i c g n
t i m
e p o f u a l a F l o o
B s t u 1 i g 0 h
e e e s u ,
l l
2 d 4 i t i s i s
0 i g d r r s 1 2
2 i t 0 o e e a p p
F a m e r
r l
e c
q o
u m
n m S i n i n t e t e
c u c t d d
y n e e b b r
S i c t f y y e
h a h r
i f e e a a
l o l t i t d s
n p f a
HART t y a s i n t e i n m g s
A. s e r n e d s s n e e 2 o n n . t
i n
i l i a
A d s h a
Hz Hz a
i c i n
Th a P s m t n e a a
i s d r l l a i n t i n t
p h s t e i o
a e t r n n
p b u / a
e e m c n
r n e o c e
p e n m /
r f t m o
o i t c
v s
i d a o i s s r a s
e c t i o t
s h s n i o a
a i e v i n n s g v
b a i n
r b g a a
i e l e s n r e
o w b d c e $ o
e i t n 1 m h e 0
v t f 0 m
i e h s o 2
w i s o 0 n l y 0 f
o i m $
f p 3 p r e
h o 0 e p r o 0
e r t y r t a 5
HART n 0 e e a d t 0 r . t e i n i n c h
p n i n o n
o o i t g i a
o l o l o
c g
i t
Th a n t
e i o d f a A s r o t
HART n j u m e i g o r e s n a s a a a d t l i g n t t s 1 a d h m
F m e
S a n a 2 n i t a 0 d
K k o r 0 a l u t r f
s e m i e b
i g s a l d i t l l o p d s w
n i t l
a p p i n p s a t e
l i n o r s e a s r o t
g s c r s h p e u e o s e
e i b s m c s r
a l e s e o t s e n a v n
b f a t d p c
l e o r . w p o r
s a b
w d l e e
o d t
i t o
w i o b
a n e
y a c p
d l o r r a f i e r
i g i n m o u s l d t p t f
i t o m o t e
a r
l m u c i n r d ) e o g t
c a n l
o t i c c t o v i c h g
m i o a o e e e m
m n t e m 4 t .
u b d
n e t u t w 2 0 o o
i -
i a Th
HART h a f r o t u i o o m t n i n ( a t m e
na
og
ig
ita
om
unica
tion
o y A)
i c
i t l i c n d
F p
o r o
r c
m e s
a s
y a u
y t
e o
a m
s a
, t
t i o
h n
e e
f q
i e u
l d i p m
o e
m n t
m h
u a
n s
i c b
a e
t e
i o n
n a
s m
a m
d p e
u r
s e
e (
d m
i l l i a
im
ul
ta
ne
ous
na
og
ig
ita
om
unica
tion
Figure
HART
uses on
Shift -2 0 m
Keying A
to
encode signal
digital
Figure
HART
digital 4
com -2 0 m
unication A analog
signal signal
sup
erim
osed
on
the
inform
ation
analog
smar
Flexible Application
urst
or
roadcast
mode
HART is principally a master/slave protocol which means that a field (slave) device speaks only when spoken can to by a mas-
ter .
T wo
masters
(primar y in a
and
with
slave as
devices
HART
Secondary be
such
handheld
communicators,
connected
anywhere on the network and communicate with field devices without primary disturbing master is communication typically a DCS, with the or primar y master . A
PLC,
computer
based
central control or monitoring system. A typical installation with two masters is shown in Figure 3.
All Continuous Digital Communication of a M ode. Standard Reply
transmission M
Selected as PV .
essage
such M
aps
between
essages
allow or
aster
to
change
Command
to
updates
Figure
Some
devices
support ( O
HART
urst
ommunication
Mode
ptional)
The
same
HART by
reply
(PV
or
other)
is
broadcast do
Figure 3 The HART protocol in allows Slave ( two Master devices
the
slave
master of 3-4
instructs per
otherwise. with
Data
update
rates
typithe
cal
burst
mode
and be
with in
to
access
information
field)
devices
chosen slave
command.
Burst
used
single
device
networks.
The
HART
protocol
can
be
used
in
various field
modes
for
comand
The tiple
HART field
protocol
also
has
the
capability of
to
connect a
mul-
municating central
infor mation or
to/from
smar t
instruments
devices
on
the as
same
pair in
wires 6 .
in
multidrop ap-
control
monitoring
Digital mA in
network
configuration
shown is
Figure to
In
multidrop
simultaneous This
4-20
analog 4,
communication
limited slave
master/slave is fixed
digital mini-
common.
mode, slave
depicted device mA to
Figure
current through
each
device
at a
digital per
information in the
from
the
be
mum value to power the device (typically 4 mA) and no longer has any meaning relative to the process.
second and
master . carry
The the
4-20
analog
is
tinuous
can
still
primar y
variable
control.
aster
Slave
or
oll
Response
Analog
Digital Analog
or
Digital is
Only
Communication
Figure
The
HART N
field
devices for
can
connected
in
Multidrop
signal
not
etwork
some
applications
Slave
responds 500
to
T ypical
ms
per
second)
Figure
HART ( N
Master/
Slave
ommunication
From
an
installation 4-20
perspective, analog
the
same
wiring
used
for
ormal
HART
Mode)
conventional
mA
instruments cable
carries
the
HART vary
communication
signals.
Allowable
run
lengths
will
with the type of cable and the devices connected, but in general Burst is an optional communication mode (Figure 5) which up to 3,000 1,500 meters meters for for a single twisted twisted can pair pair cable with with
shield a
and
multiple
cables for
allows a single slave device to continuously broadcast a standard HART to reply message. This mode frees the to master get from
common
shield.
Unshielded safety
cables
be
used
short pass
Intrinsic signals
barriers
and
which
having
send
repeated
command
requests
updated
are
readily
available
in
hazardous
process
variable
information.
areas.
)!
smar
Powerful
Command
Set
Common
Practice
Commands
provide
access
to
functions These
which are implemented in many devices though not all. HART sues communication command is command slave based, i.e., a master types isof
commands are optional, but if implemented, must be as specified. Device Specific Commands used for allows device access to unique pa-
and
the
responds.
Three to
HART
commands in
provide
read/write field
access
product
features.
Mostly
configuration
available 7 ).
rameters, these commands can send a new set point to a PID algorithm in the device.
Universal HART
Practice
defined Device
in
the
protocol
specifications. provide
type,
Specific
Commands, or
freedom to a
for
product
specific
Device
status
infor mation
included
in
every
HART
command
parameters
functions
unique
particular
device.
response provides increased system integrity for critical loops. The device status bits in each reply message indicate device malfunctions rated, or other of problems limits, or such as analog output satu-
niversal Commands
variable
out
errors.
Some bits
HART -compatible
Model T ag D I D D Message I P ate V alues D nstrument L imits
devices provide
can
device or
status
rocess
Measurements Status
continuously if problems
and
early
warning
alarms
shutdowns
escription
Range
evice
are
detected.
Device
Description
anguage
HART
Device
Description the
Language and
(DDL),
extends
interopcomcre-
erability mands.
beyond A field
Universal (slave)
Common
Practice DDL
device
manufacturer
uses
to
ate a software file with all relevant device characteristics, such that a DDL capable host can fully communicate a HART with the de-
Common
Practice
Commands
Device
Specific
Commands
vice.
Device a
Description
(DD)
for
device
is
analowhere
Read Change
Specific
Upper
Calibration or Clear
gous to
printer driver in
the
Adjust
(zero, Self N
span) T est
Stop,
the printer driver links an application to the printer such that it prints properly on the page.
Primary PID,
V ariable SP
umber V alues
Change
Constant
T uning
Parameters
Universal any
hand-held
of
configuring from
HART -based
instrument
available that
Figure ensure
HART
niversal
&
Common products
ractice
Commands manufacture
several stand
manufacturers. are
Other to
applications A central is
underof all
interoperability
across
of
different
DDL
beginning Device
emerge.
library
Descriptions
managed
by
the
Universal Commands ensure interoperability across the large and growing base to of products from different in suppliers, plant and
Communication
Foundation.
provide
access
information
useful
normal
opera-
tion, i.e., reading process measurements/variables, upper and lower turer , range values, tag, and other infor mation A such rule as of manufacthe HART
model,
and
description.
basic
protocol is that HART -compatible slave devices must respond to as all Universal example, variables Commands. Universal to be These commands 3 allows are powerful four dy-
for
Command in a
up
to
namic
read
single
command
response.
smar
)"
Innovative
Application
Example
Best
Solution
The
power of
of
the 8 .
HART This
protocol
is
evident
in
the
control the
dia-
The
HART
protocol for
provides
users the
with
the
best
solution
and
Figure of
innovative protocol
uses
inher-
migration
path
capturing
benefits No
of
enhanced
com-
feature digital
the
HART
4-20
mA
analog
munication tion of
with
other
communicarange
signals
are
transmitted
simulta-
technology
match
neously
over
wiring.
products is easy
that to
available
HART
technolavail-
ogy In this application, PID control mA PID the HART -compatible The is device transmitter is has an able all
use
and
HART -compatible
products
are
from
suppliers to
address virtually
capability .
configured to the
such
process
control
applications.
4-20 the
loop
current
control the The emergence of fieldbus will not displace HART in either
output
of
algorithm
executing
device
(not
measured variable as in most transmitter applications). Since the 4-20 it is mA loop to current the is regulated by the PID control out-
existing or new production facilities. HART provides users with many and cost of the same of benefits while mA retaining systems. the compatibility allows the
put,
used
drive
valve
position
directly .
existing of
4-20
HART
benefits data
remote
flexible/accuand
The
control
loop
entirely
in
the
field
between control
the ac-
rate
transmission,
diagnostics, captured
transmitter tion is
(with
the
control
valve.
The
power ful
multiparameter entire
instruments
without
traditional
4-20
mA
signal opthe
replacing
systems.
drives erator
HART
digital to
the
control or in
loop
change
read
Connection by the
to
current
and
future
plant
networks and
is
assured installed
variable, possible is
valve
position
output.
Substantial innovative
savcon-
digital
communication
capability
large
applications
where
this
base (more than 5,000,000 installations and growing rapidly). Support of the HART Communication Foundation ensures that the of technology will continue to evolve and for serving the needs
architecture
appropriate.
smart
instrumentation
today
tomorrow.
ritten
by
Ron
Helson
HART 9 39 0
T exas
78
HART
is
registered
trademark
of
the
HART
Communication
Foundation.
Figure
Some for
instruments cost
include
PID
algorithms
effective
control
)#
smar
HART
Foundation
Members
ME
SCO
ngineering Motion,
mbH
Micro
Inc.
Allen-Bradley Analog Anderson Devices Co. G , Inc. mbH Inc. MMG Moore
Milltronics
Ltd. Muvek Rt
Automatika
Instrument
Apparatebau Applied
Hundsbach
Moore MTS
System
T echnologies, Systems Ab
Systems
Corp.
Arcom
Control
Neles-J Ohmar t PR
Oy , AG
electronics
Heinrichs
mbH
Peek
Measurement + Fuchs
Instrument
Pepperl Pondus
Instruments
AB Inc.
Princo
gerwerk E
AG Co.
Raytek
elbrook E lcon + +
ngineering
Rittmeyer Robertshaw
lsag E
Bailey
ndress E
mbH Ltd AS
Analytical G
ndress
Hauser
Messtechnik T ank
Fieldbus Fisher
Saab
Control AG
Controls
Inc. Inc
Samson
ckardt Co. ,
Corporation Corp
lectric Beck
International G
Harold
&
Sons,
Softing Solartron
mbH
Helios Hersey
AG Company
Measurement Honeywell,
SOR, Southwest
Inc. i Robotyki AB
Research
Instytut
Automatyki
Instruments Company
Instrumentfirman J ohnson Y
INOR
boro
okogawa A/S
Corp.
T oshiba T wo
Kamstrup
T echnologies, Automation
Inc.
Valmet
Valtek G A-G
International rieshaber KG
lectronische K-TE K
Corp. G mbH
Viatran W W . C. G
Corporation roenhuij z en
Krohne
Me
technik
MACT ek Magnetrol
Corporation International
estlock W W
Controls
amatake-Honeywell
Co.
Instruments
smar
)$