Whats New in NFPA 13 2010 (That I can cover in 30 minutes)

Kenneth E. Isman, P.E., F.S.F.P.E. Vice President of Engineering

Outline
Seismic Load Tables Shortened Density-Area Curves High Clearance for Storage New Discharge Rules for Specific Situations
Back-to-Back Shelf Storage Record Storage in Racks Compact Storage High-Bay Record Storage

Darcy-Weisbach Friction Loss for Antifreeze

Seismic Load Tables

2007 Load tables added for Schedule 10 and Schedule 40 steel 2010 Load tables added for other types
Schedule 5 steel pipe CPVC pipe Type M copper tube

Seismic Load Tables

Other types of pipe with different wall thicknesses
Use the tables in NFPA 13 for the same pipe material with a thinner wall; or Use Manufacturers Tables

Seismic Load Tables

Seismic Load Tables

Shortened Density-Area Curves

No change to Chapter 11 (light, ordinary and extra hazard curves) For high-piled storage
2000 ft2 (186 m2) through 3000 ft2 (279 m2)

For miscellaneous storage

1500 ft2 (139 m2) through 3000 ft2 (279 m2)

General Storage Density/Area Curves

New

Former

Rack Storage Density/Area Curves

Former

Rack Storage Density/Area Curves

A BC D E FG H J I

New

High Clearance above Storage

Solid Piled Storage
12.1.3.4.2 Where the clearance exceeds 20 ft (6.1 m) Base protection on the storage height that would result in a 20 ft (6.1 m) clearance Example: 15 ft storage in 40 ft high building Design sprinkler system for 20 ft storage

High Clearance above Storage

Rack Storage 25 ft (7.62 m) in height Class I-IV
12.1.3.4.3 Where the clearance exceeds 20 ft (6.1 m) Base protection on the storage height that would result in a 20 ft (6.1 m) clearance OR Provide one level of supplemental, quick-response in-racks sprinklers located directly below the top tier of storage at every flue space intersection.

High Clearance above Storage

Rack Storage > 25 ft (7.62 m) Class I-IV & all Plastics
12.1.3.4.4 Where the clearance exceeds 10 ft (3.05 m) Base protection on the storage height that would result in a 10 ft (3.05 m) clearance OR Provide one level of supplemental, quick-response in-racks sprinklers located directly below the top tier of storage and every flue space intersection

High Clearance above Storage

In-Rack Sprinklers
12.1.3.4.5.1 When applying the supplemental inrack sprinkler option, the ceiling density shall be based upon the given storage height with an assumed acceptable clearance to ceiling

Back-to-Back Shelf Storage

Back-to-Back Shelf Storage

Design criteria was added to Chapters 14 and 15
Min 60 For Group A Max 15 Aisle Max 60

Back-to-Back Shelf Storage

Back-to-Back Shelf Storage
Two solid or perforated shelves up to 30 inches (762 mm) in depth each Not exceeding a total depth of 60 inches (1.5 m) Separated by a longitudinal vertical barrier such as plywood, particle board, sheet metal, or equivalent Maximum -inch diameter penetrations No longitudinal flue space Maximum storage height of 15 feet (4.5 m).

Cartoned Record Storage With Catwalk Access (20.5)

Catwalk sprinklers

Transverse flue sprinklers

Record Storage in Cartons on Racks

Protection scenario is only permitted for Class III
Sprinklers at the ceiling Sprinklers under catwalks Sprinklers in transverse flue spaces

Carton Records Storage

Carton Records Storage
A Class III commodity consisting of predominantly paper records in cardboard cartons on shelving in a rack storage system.

Annex
Class III commodity can have up to 5% plastics Materials stored include Class I and II, paper business records, books, magazines, stationery, newspapers, and cardboard dividers

Carton Records Storage

Structural Criteria
Single-row or double-row rack structure with uprights 10 ft 6 in (3.2 m) apart maximum Shelving 50% open Transverse flue spaces; Longitudinal flues not required Catwalk aisles between racks are open metal grating that is at least 50% open
Catwalk aisles at the ends of racks solid

Maximum 12 ft (3.7 m) vertical separation for catwalks

Criteria for Carton Records Storage

Ceiling sprinkler spacing, maximum 100 ft2 (9.3 m2) Ceiling sprinkler discharge criteria
Up to 25 ft High Ord. Temp Density Area Hose Duration 0.33 2000 500 2 High Temp 0.29 2000 500 2 Over 25 ft High Ord. Temp 0.3 2000 500 2 High Temp 0.4 2000 500 2

Sprinkler Criteria
Catwalk Sprinklers
QR, ordinary temp, K-5.6, K-8.0 or K-11.2. In the center +/- 4 inches (102 mm) of each aisle below each Catwalk level. Min. 6 inches (152 mm) above the top of storage Supplied from the in-rack sprinkler system.

Sprinkler spacing within the aisles aligns with the transverse flues and the center of the storage unit when staggered and does not exceed 10 ft 6 in (3.2 m) on center

Compact Storage (Mobile Shelves)(20.6)

Pictures courtesy of Spacesaver

Compact Storage
Compact Storage
Solid shelves 36 inches (914 mm) or less in total depth Arranged as part of a compact storage module 30 inches (762 mm) maximum between shelves vertically No internal vertical flue spaces other than those between individual shelving sections.

Compact Storage Module

Units move so storage can be pushed together No flues, minimal spaces between units Aisles created by moving the shelving unit

Compact Storage
Protected w/light hazard sprinkler sys.
Limited to 8 ft (2.4 m) in height Only paper files, magazines, books and similar documents Miscellaneous 5% plastics allowed Must have 18 inches (457 mm) of clearance above unit to sprinkler deflectors Ordinary temperature, quick-response sprinklers

High-Bay Record Storage (mobile) (20.7)

High Bay Record Storage

Ceiling only sprinkler protection
Class III Commodity
paper products (files, magazines, books etc)

Corrugated containers either closed or open top, to include corrugated totes, with no more than 5% plastics stored Mobile (or fixed) shelving units greater than 12 ft (3.7 m) and up to 34 ft (10.4 m) high and up to 30 shelving units (storage tiers) high.

ESFR Sprinklers
K-factor 25.2 at 40 psi (2.8 bar)

High Bay Records Storage

Antifreeze Calculations
Solutions
Weight or volume

Darcy-Weisbach friction loss for systems over 40 gal in size

Finding the friction factor (f) Using the right value of for aged pipe

K-Factor adjustment for sprinklers

Finding f
If Reynolds Number (Re) is less than 2000 f = 64/Re If Reynolds number is greater than 3000, use Moody Diagram to find f If Reynolds number is between 2000 and 3000, extension of Moody Diagram curves is most conservative solution

Roughness of Pipe
Measured by the variable in units of length (inches or feet) Divided by diameter of pipe to become dimensionless No standardization of how to treat pipes like we have for C factor in H-W

Roughness of Pipes
According to Isman
C of 100 = of 0.015 inches C of 120 = of 0.004 inches C of 150 = of 0.000084 inches New steel pipe averages 0.0018 inches These values are in A.22.4.4.5.1 in NFPA 13

According to Viking
C of 120 = of 0.00015 ft C of 120 = of 0.0018 inches

Roughness of Pipe
Darcy Weisbach E Factor
0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.01 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 0

Isman

Viking

80

100

120

140

160

Hazen-Williams C Factor

Adjusting K-Factors for Cold Antifreeze

Sprinkler has a K-factor of 11.2 with water Being used in a large antifreeze system with 50% Propylene Glycol by weight Density is 66.8 lbs/cubic ft (see Figure 7.6.2.5(b) of NFPA 13 and know that 1g/ml = 62.43 lbs/cu. ft.)

K A = 7.94 KW

= 7.94(11.2 )

1 = 10.9 66.8

Antifreeze Example
4 3
TR1 BR1

2 8
13
BR2

1 7 12
BR3

40 ft of 1 inch schedule 40

6 11
12 10 50 ft of 4 inch schedule 40

10
2 ft of 2 inch schedule 40

Antifreeze Example
Complete calculation using same technique Final Demand using Darcy-Weisbach
Flow = 405 gpm Pressure = 41 psi

Final Demand using Hazen-Williams

Flow = 350 gpm Pressure = 19 psi H-W incorrectly predicted pressure by more than 100% and flow by about 20%