Z06_MCMU1630_06_SE_EP.

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1/15/09

10:32 AM

Page 2

List of the Elements with Their Atomic Symbols and Atomic Masses
Name
Actinium
Aluminum
Americium
Antimony
Argon
Arsenic
Astatine
Barium
Berkelium
Beryllium
Bismuth
Bohrium
Boron
Bromine
Cadmium
Calcium
Californium
Carbon
Cerium
Cesium
Chlorine
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Curium
Darmstadtium
Dubnium
Dysprosium
Einsteinium
Erbium
Europium
Fermium
Fluorine
Francium
Gadolinium
Gallium
Germanium
Gold
Hafnium
Hassium
Helium
Holmium
Hydrogen
Indium
Iodine
Iridium
Iron
Krypton
Lanthanum
Lawrencium
Lead
Lithium
Lutetium
Magnesium
Manganese
Meitnerium

Symbol
Ac
Al
Am
Sb
Ar
As
At
Ba
Bk
Be
Bi
Bh
B
Br
Cd
Ca
Cf
C
Ce
Cs
Cl
Cr
Co
Cu
Cm
Ds
Db
Dy
Es
Er
Eu
Fm
F
Fr
Gd
Ga
Ge
Au
Hf
Hs
He
Ho
H
In
I
Ir
Fe
Kr
La
Lr
Pb
Li
Lu
Mg
Mn
Mt

Atomic
Number
89
13
95
51
18
33
85
56
97
4
83
107
5
35
48
20
98
6
58
55
17
24
27
29
96
110
105
66
99
68
63
100
9
87
64
31
32
79
72
108
2
67
1
49
53
77
26
36
57
103
82
3
71
12
25
109

Atomic
Mass
(227)*
26.981538
(243)
121.760
39.948
74.92160
(210)
137.327
(247)
9.012182
208.98038
(272)
10.811
79.904
112.411
40.078
(251)
12.0107
140.116
132.90545
35.453
51.9961
58.933200
63.546
(247 )
(281)
(268)
162.500
(252)
167.259
151.964
(257)
18.998403
(223)
157.25
69.723
72.64
196.96655
178.49
(270)
a
4.002602
164.93032
1.00794
114.818
126.90447
192.217
55.845
83.798
138.9055
(262)
207.2
6.941
174.9668
24.3050
54.938049
(276)

Name
Mendelevium
Mercury
Molybdenum
Neodymium
Neon
Neptunium
Nickel
Niobium
Nitrogen
Nobelium
Osmium
Oxygen
Palladium
Phosphorus
Platinum
Plutonium
Polonium
Potassium
Praseodymium
Promethium
Protactinium
Radium
Radon
Rhenium
Rhodium
Roentgenium
Rubidium
Ruthenium
Rutherfordium
Samarium
Scandium
Seaborgium
Selenium
Silicon
Silver
Sodium
Strontium
Sulfur
Tantalum
Technetium
Tellurium
Terbium
Thallium
Thorium
Thulium
Tin
Titanium
Tungsten
Uranium
Vanadium
Xenon
Ytterbium
Yttrium
Zinc
Zirconium

Symbol
Md
Hg
Mo
Nd
Ne
Np
Ni
Nb
N
No
Os
O
Pd
P
Pt
Pu
Po
K
Pr
Pm
Pa
Ra
Rn
Re
Rh
Rg
Rb
Ru
Rf
Sm
Sc
Sg
Se
Si
Ag
Na
Sr
S
Ta
Tc
Te
Tb
Tl
Th
Tm
Sn
Ti
W
U
V
Xe
Yb
Y
Zn
Zr

Atomic
Number

Atomic
Mass

101
80
42
60
10
93
28
41
7
102
76
8
46
15
78
94
84
19
59
61
91
88
86
75
45
111
37
44
104
62
21
106
34
14
47
11
38
16
73
43
52
65
81
90
69
50
22
74
92
23
54
70
39
30
40

(258)
200.59
95.96
144.24
20.1797
(237)
58.6934
92.90638
14.0067
(259)
190.23
15.9994
106.42
30.973761
195.078
(244)
(209)
39.0983
140.90765
(145)
231.03588
(226)
(222)
a
186.207
102.90550
(280)
85.4678
101.07
(267)
150.36
44.955910
(271)
78.96
28.0855
107.8682
22.989770
87.62
32.065
180.9479
(98)
127.60
158.92534
204.3833
232.0381
168.93421
118.710
47.867
183.84
238.02891
50.9415
131.293
173.054
88.90585
65.38
91.224

*Values in parentheses are the mass numbers of the most common or longest lived isotopes of radioactive elements.

88
Ra
(226)

(223)

57
*La

Actinide series
(227)

89
Ac

138.9055

58
Ce

(267)

(262)

*Lanthanide series

(268)

104
Rf

103
Lr

59
Pr

(271)

106
Sg

183.84

91
Pa

92
U

144.24

60
Nd

(272)

107
Bh

186.207

232.0381 231.03588 238.02891

90
Th

140.116 140.90765

105
Db

180.9479

178.49

174.9668

75
Re

(98)

(237)

93
Np

(145)

61
Pm

(270)

108
Hs

190.23

76
Os

101.07

(244)

94
Pu

150.36

62
Sm

(276)

109
Mt

192.217

77
Ir

102.90550

79
Au

107.8682

47
Ag

63.546

(280)

64
Gd
157.25

96
Cm
(247)

63
Eu
151.964

95
Am
(243)

111
Rg
(281)

110
Ds

195.078 196.96655

78
Pt

106.42

46
Pd

66
Dy

204.3833

81
Tl

114.818

49
In

69.723

67
Ho

(289)

114

207.2

82
Pb

118.710

50
Sn

72.64

32
Ge

68
Er

208.98038

83
Bi

121.760

51
Sb

74.92160

33
As

69
Tm

(292)

116

(209)

84
Po

127.60

52
Te

78.96

34
Se

32.065

16
S

(247)

97
Bk

(251)

98
Cf

(252)

99
Es

(257)

100
Fm

10
Ne

4.002602

2
He

(258)

101
Md

54
Xe

83.798

36
Kr

39.948

18
Ar

70
Yb

(210)

85
At

(259)

102
No

(222)

86
Rn

126.90447 131.293

53
I

79.904

35
Br

35.453

17
Cl

158.92534 162.500 164.93032 167.259 168.93421 173.054

65
Tb

(285)

112

200.59

80
Hg

112.411

48
Cd

65.38

31
Ga

9
F

17
7A

15.9994 18.998403 20.1797

8
O

16
6A

The recently discovered elements 112 and above have not yet been named. Elements 113, 115, and 118 have been reported recently but their
discovery has not yet been confirmed by scientists in another laboratory.

137.327

87
Fr

74
W

95.96

45
Rh

58.933200 58.6934

15
P

14.0067

7
N

26.981538 28.0855 30.973761

132.90545

73
Ta

72
Hf

71
Lu

92.90638

91.224

88.90585

44
Ru

30
Zn

56
Ba

43
Tc

29
Cu

87.62

42
Mo

28
Ni

55
Cs

26
Fe

51.9961 54.938049 55.845

25
Mn

27
Co

85.4678

40
Zr

39
Y

41
Nb

50.9415

47.867

44.955910

24
Cr

38
Sr

23
V

22
Ti

21
Sc

40.078

12
2B

37
Rb

11
1B

39.0983

10

20
Ca

9
8B

24.3050

19
K

7
7B

22.989770

6
6B

11
Na
5
5B

14
Si

13
Al

12
Mg

6.941

4
4B

12.0107

10.811

9.012182

3
Li

15
5A

18
8A

10:32 AM

3
3B

6
C

5
B

4
Be

1.00794

Transition metals

14
4A

13
3A

2
2A

Main groups

1/15/09

1
H

1
1A

Main groups

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

Z06_MCMU1630_06_SE_EP.QXD
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Z06_MCMU1630_06_SE_EP.QXD

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USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS AND RELATIONSHIPS

Length

Energy (derived)

SI unit: meter (m)

1 km = 103 m = 0.621 37 mi

SI unit: joule (J)

1 J = 1 (kg . m2)/s2 = 0.239 01 cal
=1C1V
1 cal = 4.184 J (exactly)
1 eV = 1.602 176 1019 J
1 MeV = 1.602 176 1013 J
1 kWh = 3.600 106 J
1 Btu = 1055 J

1 mi = 5280 ft = 1760 yd = 1.6093 km

1 m = 102 cm = 1.0936 yd
1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly)
1 cm = 0.393 70 in.
1 = 1010 m = 100 pm
Mass

Pressure (derived)

SI unit: kilogram (kg)

1 kg = 103 g = 2.2046 lb

SI unit: pascal (Pa)

1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 1 kg/(m . s2)
1 atm = 101,325 Pa = 1.013 25 bar
= 760 mm Hg (torr)
= 14.70 lb/in.2
1 bar = 105 Pa

1 lb = 16 oz = 453.59 g
1 oz = 28.35 g
1 ton = 2000 lb = 907.185 kg
1 metric ton = 103 kg = 1.102 tons
1 amu = 1.660 54 1027 kg

Volume (derived)

Temperature

SI unit: cubic meter (m3)

1 L = 103 m3 = 1 dm3 = 103 cm3
= 1.0567 qt
1 gal = 4 qt = 3.7854 L
1 cm3 = 1 mL
1 in.3 = 16.4 cm3

SI unit: kelvin (K)

0 K = 273.15 C = 459.67 F
K = C + 273.15
C =
F =

5
9
9
5

(F 32)
(C) 32

FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS
1 amu

= 1.660 539 1027 kg

1g

= 6.022 142 1023 amu

NA

= 6.022 142 1023/mol

Boltzmanns constant

= 1.380 650 1023 J/K

Electron charge

= 1.602 176 1019 C

Atomic mass unit

Avogadros number

Electron charge-to-mass ratio e/me

= 1.758 820 1011 C/kg

Electron mass

= 5.485 799 104 amu

me

= 9.109 382 1031 kg

Elementary charge

= 1.602 176 1019 C

Faradays constant

= 9.648 534 104 C/mol

Gas constant

= 8.314 472 J/(mol . K)

Neutron mass

mn

= 1.008 665 amu

= 0.082 0582 (L . atm)/(mol . K)

= 1.674 927 1027 kg

Pi

Plancks constant

Proton mass

mp

= 3.141 592 6536

= 6.626 069 1034 J . s

= 1.007 276 amu
= 1.672 622 1027 kg

Rydberg constant

= 1.097 373 107/m

Speed of light

= 2.997 924 58 108 m/s

Z06_MCMU1630_06_SE_EP.QXD

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Page 5

INDEX OF IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Subject
Acid-dissociation constants for hydrated metal cations
Acid-dissociation constants for weak acids
Activity series of the elements
Air composition
Atomic radii
Base-dissociation constants
Binary hydrides of main-group elements
Bond dissociation energies
Density of water at different temperatures
Dissociation constants for polyprotic acids
Electron affinities
Electron configurations
Electronegativities
Elemental abundances
Formation constants for complex ions
Functional groups in organic molecules
Ionization energies
Ionization energies (higher)
Lattice energies
Main-group anions and cations
Mineral sources of metals
Molecular geometry and VSEPR
Oxides of main-group elements
pH values for some common substances
Polyatomic ions
Prefixes for multiples of SI units
Properties of water
Radioactive decay processes
Seawater constituents
Separation of metal cations in qualitative analysis
Solubility product constants (Ksp)
Solubility product constants in acid (Kspa)
Standard reduction potentials
Stereoisomer classification scheme
Thermodynamic properties of inorganic substances
Thermodynamic properties of organic substances
Top 10 chemicals (2006 U.S. production)
Transition metal ions
Vapor pressure of water at various temperatures

Table/Figure
Table C.2
Table C.1
Table 7.4
Table 9.1
Figure 3.18
Table C.3
Figure 18.2
Table 5.1
Figure 1.8
Table 14.3
Figure 4.8
Figure 3.16
Figure 5.4
Figure 19.1
Table C.6
Table 22.2
Figure 4.6
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Figure 4.11
Figure 21.2
Table 5.5
Figure 18.6
Figure 14.3
Table 4.4
Table 1.5
Appendix E
Table 2.2
Table 18.3
Figure 15.18
Table C.4
Table C.5
Appendix D
Figure 20.16
Table B.1
Table B.2
Table 19.1
Figure 4.12
Table 10.8

Page
A-15
A-14
243
306
90
A-15
737
139
19
559
110
86
141
765
A-17
913
106
108
116
118
863
163
745
546
121
13
A-20
53
753
626
A-16
A-17
A-18A-19
831
A-9A-12
A-13
766
119
360