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The popularity of oil colour can be attributed to its extraordinary versatility. It offers excellent results from the traditional painting techniques of blending and glazing, impasto and scumbling. Winsor & Newton began making colour in 1832 swiftly developing and subsequently maintaining a reputation for unparalleled excellence and consistency worldwide. The most recent advances in pigment technology have allowed us to build upon our already high standards and further improve the range for artists. The improvements are a result of using new and unique pigments, which offer increased permanence and greater colour strength.
Variable Opacity
Artists Oil Colour is formulated to reflect the characteristics of each of the various pigments, ensuring that synthetic organics such as Phthalocyanines and Quinacridones [ie. Winsor or Permanent colours] deliver maximum transparency, whilst Cadmiums and Earth colours offer excellent opacity.
Covering Power
Covering Power not only comes from pigment strength, but also from the greater thickness of colour, which results from the stiff consistency associated with Artists Oil Colour. Covering power is particularly linked to the most opaque colours like Titanium White and the Cadmiums.
Huile extra-fine Knstler - lfarben Colores al Oleo para Artistas Colori ad Olio per Artisti Pigment: Cadmium sulphoselenide, PR108 Vehicle: Linseed/safflower oils
B32094
Pigment Purity
Like all raw materials, pigments are available in various grades. We use only the purest of pigments ensuring the cleanest, brightest colours, which produce the best colour mixtures.
Drying Rates
The long drying time of Artists Oil Colour is also a key feature of oil painting. The colour remains soft and wet for a few days and therefore allows corrections to be made from day to day. All colours will become touch dry in thin films in 2-12 days. The different reaction of each pigment when mixed with oil results in the different drying rates. Each colour is individually formulated to optimise its drying rate, which helps artists to avoid the problems of slow drying underlayers. However, the following list is a guide to the likely variations: Fast Drying [around two days]: Permanent Mauve [manganese], Cobalt Blues, Prussian Blue, Raw Sienna, Umbers, Flake, Foundation and Cremnitz Whites [lead].
094
PERMANENCE A
SERIES 4
Made in England Winsor & Newton, London HA3 5RH
37ml
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Widest Spectrum
We are famous for providing the widest spectrum of colours within our ranges. The colours are selected according to mass tone [colour from tube], undertone [bias of colour when in a thin film], strength and relative opacity. This provides the largest number of colour positions and an infinite number of colour mixtures. A total of 100 different pigments are used to produce 120 colours.
Medium drying [around five days]: Winsor Blues and Greens [phthalocyanines], Burnt Sienna, Cobalt Violet and Greens, Ultramarine Blues, Mars colours [synthetic iron oxides], Sap Green, Permanent Alizarin Crimson, Ochres, Cadmiums, Titanium White, Zinc White, Lamp Black, Ivory Black, Pyrrols, Bismuth Yellow, Perylenes. Slow drying [more than five days]: Winsor Yellows (arylides) and Orange, Quinacridones, Alizarin Crimson. Winsor & Newton Liquin is the perfect medium to speed the drying time of oil colour. It will speed drying by approximately 50%.
Formulation
Every Artists Oil Colour is individually formulated to enhance each pigments natural characteristics and ensure the stability of individual colours. Combined with over 170 years of manufacturing and quality control expertise, the formulation of Artists Oil Colour ensures the best raw materials are made into the Worlds Finest Colours.
Permanence
Since 1832 we have been developing permanent alternatives for the less durable traditional colours, without compromising the handling properties of the oil colours. As a result, the permanence of the colour range as a whole has been improved beyond the dreams of past painters. Of the 120 colours in the range, 119 are now classed as permanent for artists use [AA or A ratings from Winsor & Newton] which aids in the longevity of paintings. Although Alizarin Crimson is only given a B rating (moderately durable), it has been part of Artists Oil Colour for over 130 years and is still considered a key colour by many contemporary artists. For a more detailed explanation of permanence and the individual rating of each colour see the Technical Section or visit our website at www.winsornewton.com.
Whether its hue, opacity or drying time the artist seeks, they can be sure to get the same product time and time again.
Consistent Quality
Winsor & Newton are trusted by more artists than any other brand worldwide. This is a result of the quality and permanence of Artists Oil Colour and from the reliability of our production supply.
Mixing Colours
The three primary colours in the Artists Oil Colour range are Transparent Yellow, Winsor Blue [Red Shade] and Permanent Rose. These colours are the best selection when only three colours are used. We recommend Winsor Lemon, Winsor Yellow, French Ultramarine, Winsor Blue [Green Shade], Permanent Rose and Cadmium Red when using a six colour mixing system.
Varnishes
Varnishes are used to protect finished paintings. For fine art usage, picture varnishes should be removable so that the painting can be cleaned in the future. Our varnishes are labelled gloss or matt and vary according to the different resins used.
Solvents
Solvents are used to dilute colours and to clean brushes and equipment. English Distilled Turpentine makes a viscous mixture which evaporates slowly. It is the most hazardous and strongest smelling solvent, and can deteriorate on storage. Artists White [or mineral] Spirit (not available in the USA) makes a watery mixture which evaporates quickly and is less hazardous. It does not deteriorate on storage. Sansodor makes a viscous mixture, which evaporates slowly, and is the least hazardous. It does not deteriorate on storage, has a minimal odour and can be travelled with safely.
Brushes
To thickly apply colour or impasto, bristle brushes are most common. Winsor & Newton have three ranges, Artists Hog [Rathbone in USA], Winton and Azanta. The stiff nature of the bristle and its natural split tips, (called flags), result in brushes which wear well and carry considerable quantities of colour. To blend and glaze, a soft hairbrush is recommended such as Cirrus sables or Sceptre Gold II which are a blend of natural and synthetic fibres.
For more information on all of our ranges including oils, mediums, varnishes and accessories please see our catalogue or website at www.winsornewton.com
Palettes
Mahogany palettes are the traditional palette for oil colour. However, because canvases are primarily white, white melamine palettes are often preferred by modern painters together with expendable paper palettes which can be disposed of at the end of each painting session.
Benefit
Semi-opaque permanent yellow which also gives bright colour mixing. No change. An orange-brown natural earth, close to our previous Brown Ochre. Makes more natural mixtures. A stronger, slightly bluer, more opaque colour. Bright turquoise, good sky and decorative colour. A warm white alternative to genuine lead whites. Bright yellow shade green - a strong useful mixing colour. Highly transparent, single pigment providing wider mixing capability Good replacement for traditional lakes. Single pigment providing wider mixing capability. An excellent tonal mixing colour. Significant improvement in permanence. A lightfast colour for floral painters. Lower in cost. A unique green undertone, excellent for mixing and glazing. No change. Strong, bright permanent magenta excellent for floral painters. Strong, bright, transparent, permanent red excellent for floral painters. Makes clean mixtures. A green shade natural umber. A pale, natural umber which makes more natural strength mixtures. Single pigment good for glazing with excellent red undertone. Dense, highly transparent, strong, single pigment maroon for wider colour mixing capability. Excellent for darks and shadows. Unique. The most transparent orange-red ochre on earth. Good for glazing, and natural strength mixtures. Unique. A glazing and mixing white, which reduces the strength of colours without chalky effect. A pale natural earth, which makes more natural strength mixtures.
Modified colours
Col. Code Modified Colours
042 086 089 094 097 106 111 118 214 285 333 386 426 447 459 481 482 483 502 526 540 544 554 599 603 722 724 726 733 730 731 Bright Red Cadmium Lemon Cadmium Orange Cadmium Red Cadmium Red Deep Cadmium Scarlet Cadmium Yellow Deep Cadmium Yellow Pale Copper Gold Ochre Jaune Brillant (not USA) Mars Black Naples Yellow Light Olive Green Oxide of Chromium Permanent Green Permanent Green Deep Permanent Green Light Permanent Rose Phthalo Turquoise Prussian Green Purple Lake Raw Umber Sap Green Scarlet Lake Winsor Lemon Winsor Orange Winsor Red Winsor Violet Winsor Yellow Winsor Yellow Deep
Change in Hue
Slightly yellower. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. Brighter. Slightly cleaner and brighter. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. No change. Very slightly redder. No change. Slightly yellower. No change. New single pigment. Redder undertone. Slightly bluer. No change. No change. Very slightly greener.
Discontinued colours
Col. Code Colour Name
016 063 080 127 185 193 247 388 390 394 396 503 546 585 683 Aureolin Brown Madder Alizarin Cadmium Green Carmine Cobalt Green Deep Cobalt Violet Dark Flake White No. 2 Mars Brown Mars Orange Mars Violet Mars Yellow Permanent Sap Green Purple Madder Alizarin Rose Madder Deep Vermilion Hue
Technical Section
The Technical Section contains three areas: 1. Composition and Permanence Table. 2. New, Modified and Discontinued colours. 3. Colour Chart (please see reverse of leaflet).
Colour name
This is the colour name, eg. Permanent Alizarin Crimson.
Series
The series number of a colour indicates the relative price of the colour and is determined primarily by the cost of the pigment. Series 1 is the least expensive, Series 5 the most expensive.
Transparency/Opacity - T/O
The transparent colours are marked ( ), the semitransparent colours are marked ( ), the opaque colours are marked as ( ) and semi-opaque colours are marked ( ). Transparency however is relative and the ratings are provided as a guide only. Also, any thin film of colour will appear more transparent than a thicker one.
Permanence
The permanence of an oil colour is defined as its durability when laid with a brush and palette knife on ordinary prepared canvas, graded appropriately and displayed under a glass frame in a dry room, freely exposed to ordinary daylight and an ordinary town atmosphere. This definition reflects the manner in which the majority of paintings are displayed. However, for testing purposes we are able to utilise accelerated tests for lightfastness and binder stability in addition to the information issued by our pigment suppliers. Our ratings are therefore a combination of the natural passage of time, accelerated tests and pigment manufacturers testing and development. They are among the most stringent in the industry. AA - Extremely permanent A - Permanent B - Moderately Durable (iii) Bleached by acids, acidic atmospheres
Chemical description
This provides the chemical description of the pigments used in each colour. This is often particularly useful for conservators.
Colour Index
The Colour Index International is the standard compiled and published by both: The Society of Dyers and Colourists, and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The Colour Index classifies pigments by their chemical composition. This information allows you to research a specific pigments working characteristics in reference books if you wish or to make product comparisons. The individual pigments are identified in two ways. a] Colour Index Generic Name - C.I. Name Each pigment can be universally identified by its Colour Index Generic Name. As an example: Cobalt Blue is Pigment Blue 28, abbreviated to PB28. Although the working properties of our colours are fully detailed in our literature, we publish the Colour Index Generic Names of the pigments to allow you to cross reference the working properties in other sources if you wish e.g. lightfastness, opacity, toxicity, etc. The Colour Index Generic Name is particularly necessary to identify some of the modern pigments such as Arylide Yellow which has a number of different types, each offering different levels of lightfastness and opacity.
ASTM
The ASTM abbreviation stands for the American Society for Testing & Materials. This organisation has set standards for the performance of art materials including the lightfastness of colour. To measure lightfastness using this system, colours are reduced to a level of 40% reflectance by the addition of Titanium White. The reflectance is defined as the amount of light reflected from the colour swatch. The swatches are then tested in both sunlight and artificially accelerated conditions. The results allow each colour to be rated on a scale from I-II for
b] Colour Index Number - C.I. No. Pigments can also be identified by their Colour Index Number. It is considered an additional source of identification to the Colour Index Generic Name. For example: Cobalt Blue is 77346. Of the two methods of reference, the Colour Index Generic Name is most commonly used.
C OLOUR R ANGE
724 A S2
Winsor Orange
726 A S2
Winsor Red
042 A S1
Bright Red
004 B S2
Alizarin Crimson
380 A S2 I * Magenta
543 A S2
Purple Madder
180 AA S5
322 A S2 I * Indigo
483 A S2
692 AA S4 I * Viridian
422 A S1
Naples Yellow
676 A S1
Vandyke Brown
142 AA S1
Charcoal Grey
505 A S1
330 A S1
Perylene Black
Iridescent White
Key to Coding
AA A B S Extremely Permanent Permanent Moderately Durable Series Number Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Semi-Opaque
ASTM
I Permanent for artists use II Permanent for artists use Where no ASTM rating is listed, please refer to the Winsor & Newton permanence rating
748 AA S1
283 A S2
573 A S2
214 A S2
058 A S2
511 A S2
617 A S2
Zinc White
Gold
Renaissance Gold
Copper
Bronze
Pewter
Silver
Sizes available:
21ml Tubes Colours marked * Not available in USA 37ml Tubes All Colours 60ml Tubes Colours marked Not available in USA 120ml Tubes Colours marked 150ml Tins Colours marked Not available in USA
COLOUR NAME
Alizarin Crimson Bismuth Yellow Blue Black Bright Red Brown Madder Brown Ochre Bronze Burnt Sienna Burnt Umber Cadmium Green Pale Cadmium Lemon Cadmium Orange Cadmium Red Cadmium Red Deep Cadmium Scarlet Cadmium Yellow Cadmium Yellow Deep Cadmium Yellow Pale Cerulean Blue Charcoal Grey Chrome Green Deep Hue
T/O
CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION
1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone lake Bismuth vanadate Complex sodium alumino-silicate containing sulphur Bone black Pyrrol Natural iron oxide Anthraquinone Natural iron oxide Iron oxides/Titanium dioxide coated mica Synthetic iron oxide Calcined natural earth Hydrated chromium oxide Cadmium zinc sulphide Cadmium zinc sulphide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium zinc sulphide Cadmium sulphoselenide Cadmium zinc sulphide Cadmium zinc sulphide Cobalt stannate Ground charcoal Copper phthalocyanine Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Synthetic iron oxide Arylide yellow Benzimidazolone orange Cobalt aluminate Cobalt zinc silicate Cobalt chromite Cobalt chromite Cobalt titanate Cobalt chromite Cobalt titanate Cobalt phosphate Basic lead carbonate Iron oxides/Titanium dioxide coated mica Synthetic iron oxide Carbon black Slate powder Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide Zinc oxide Basic lead carbonate Zinc oxide Quinacridone Synthetic iron oxide Basic lead carbonate Zinc oxide Complex sodium alumino-silicate containing sulphur Iron oxides/Titanium dioxide coated mica Synthetic iron oxide Azomethine copper complex Synthetic iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Isoindolinone Nickel azo Indanthrone Copper phthalocyanine Complex sodium alumino - silicate containing sulphur Carbon black Titanium dioxide coated mica Bone black Quinophthalone Synthetic iron oxide BON Arylamide (Naphthol AS) Titanium dioxide Carbon black Nickel titanate Synthetic iron oxide Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Copper phthalocyanine Dioxazine violet Quinacridone red Synthetic iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Quinacridone Dioxazine violet Copper phthalocyanine Zinc oxide Chromium titanate Chromium titanium oxide Titanium dioxide Quinophthalone Benzimidazalone Isoindolinone Carbon black Chromium oxide Powdered slate Complex sodium alumino-silicate containing sulphur Synthetic iron oxide Carbon black Anthraquinone Quinacridone/Pyrrol
149 178 180 183 184 190 191 192 201 214 217
Chrome Yellow Hue Cobalt Blue Cobalt Blue Deep Cobalt Chromite Green Cobalt Green Cobalt Turquoise Cobalt Turquoise Light Cobalt Violet Cremnitz White Copper Davys Gray
1 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 1 2 2
A AA AA AA AA AA AA AA A A AA
I I I I I I I I I
1 1 2
AA A A
I I I
261 263 283 285 294 317 319 320 321 322
Foundation White French Ultramarine Gold Gold Ochre Green Gold Indian Red Indian Yellow Indian Yellow Deep Indanthrene Blue Indigo
1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 4 2
A A(iii) A AA A AA A A A A
I I I I I I I I I
1 1 1
A AA A
I I
Lamp Black Lemon Yellow Hue Light Red Manganese Blue Hue Magenta Mars Black Mars Violet Deep Mauve Blue Shade
1 4 1 1 2 2 2 1
AA AA AA A A AA AA A
I I I I I I I I
1 2 1
A AA A
2 4 1
A AA AA
I I I
468 479
4 2
A A
I -
COLOUR INDEX C.I. NAME C.I. NO. PR83 58000 PY184 PB29 77007 PBk9 77267 PR254 56110 PBr7 77491 PR177 65300 PBr7 77491 PR101 77491 PBr7 77491 PG18 77289 PY35 77205 PY35 77205 PO20 77202 PR108 77202 PR108 77202 PR108 77202 PR108 77202 PY35 77205 PO20 77202 PY35 77205 PY35 77205 PB35 77368 PBk8 77268 PB15 74160 PG7 74260 PY42 77492 PY74 11741 PO62 11775 PB28 77346 PB74 77366 PG26 77344 PG26 77344 PG50 77377 PB36 77343 PG50 77377 PV14 77360 PW1 77597 PY42 77492 PBk7 77262 PBk19 77017 PW6 77891 PW4 77947 PW4 77947 PW1 77597 PW4 77947 PV19 73900 PY42 77492 PW1 77597 PW4 77947 PB29 77007 PY42 77492 PY129 48042 PR101 77491 PR101 77491 PY139 56298 PY150 12764 PB60 69800 PB15 74160 PB29 77007 PBk7 77266 PBk9 77267 PY138 56300 PY42 77492 PR188 12467 PW6 77891 PBk6 77266 PY53 77788 PR101 77491 PG7 74260 PB15 74160 PV23 51319 PR122 73915 PBk11 77499 PR101 77491 PV19 73900 PV23 51319 PB15 74160 PW4 77947 PBr24 77310 PBr24 77310 PW6 77891 PY138 56300 PO62 PY110 11775 PBk6 77266 PG17 77288 PBk19 77017 PB29 77007 PR101 77491 PBk6 77266 PR177 65300 -
CODE
481
COLOUR NAME
Permanent Green
T/O
CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION
Quinophthalone Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Titanium dioxide Quinophthalone Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Titanium dioxide Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Titanium dioxide Arylide yellow Quinacridone Manganese phosphate Quinacridone Perylene black Iron oxides/Titanium dioxide coated mica Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Copper phthalocyanine Alkali ferriferrocyanide Isoindolinone Copper phthalocyanine Benzimidazalone Quinacridone Carbazole dioxazine Benzimidazolone brown Quinacridone Quinacridone Natural iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Natural iron oxide Natural iron oxide Natural iron oxide Iron oxides/Titanium dioxide coated mica Lake of natural madder Lake of natural madder Isoindolinone Copper phthalocyanine Pyrrol Aluminium flake Synthetic iron oxide Natural earth Hydrated chromium oxide Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide Natural iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Natural iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Azo condensation Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide Benzimidazalone Complex sodium alumino-silicate containing sulphur Complex sodium alumino-silicate containing sulphur Titanium dioxide Zinc oxide Bituminous earth Calcined natural iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Hydrated chromium oxide Copper phthalocyanine Copper phthalocyanine Brominated copper phthalocyanine Zinc oxide Chlorinated copper phthalocyanine Brominated copper phthalocyanine Arylide yellow Pyrrol Perylene red Pyrrol Pyrrol Arylide yellow Arylide yellow RN Carbazole dioxazine Natural iron oxide Natural iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide Zinc oxide
482
483
489 491 502 505 511 526 538 540 543 544 545 548 552 554 557 558 573 576 587 599 603 617 635 637 644 646 647 648 653 655 657 667 672 674 676 678 692 706 707 708 720 721 722 724 725 726 730 731 733 744 745 746 748
Permanent Magenta Permanent Mauve Permanent Rose Perylene Black Pewter Phthalo Turquoise Prussian Blue Prussian Green Purple Madder Purple Lake Quinacridone Magenta Quinacridone Red Raw Sienna Raw Umber Raw Umber Light Raw Umber (Green Shade) Renaissance Gold Rose Dor Rose Madder Genuine Sap Green Scarlet Lake Silver Terra Rosa Terre Verte Titanium White Transparent Gold Ochre Transparent Red Ochre Transparent Brown Oxide Transparent Yellow Transparent White Transparent Maroon Ultramarine (Green Shade) Ultramarine Violet Underpainting White (Fast Drying) Vandyke Brown Venetian Red Viridian Winsor Blue (Red Shade) Winsor Blue (Green Shade) Winsor Emerald Winsor Green Winsor Green (Yellow shade) Winsor Lemon Winsor Orange Winsor Red Deep Winsor Red Winsor Yellow Winsor Yellow Deep Winsor Violet (Dioxazine) Yellow Ochre Yellow Ochre Light Yellow Ochre Pale Zinc White
2 4 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 2 5 5 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1
A AA A A A A A A A A A A AA AA AA AA A A A A A A AA AA AA AA AA AA A AA A A(iii) A(iii) AA A AA AA A A A A A A A A A A A A AA AA AA AA
I I I I I I I I I I I II II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I -
COLOUR INDEX C.I. NAME C.I. NO. PY138 56300 PG7 74260 PW6 77891 PY138 56300 PG7 74260 PW6 77891 PG7 74260 PW6 77891 PY74 PV19 73900 PV16 77742 PV19 73900 PBk31 71132 PG7 74260 PB15 74160 PB27 77510 PY110 56280 PB15 74160 PBr25 12510 PV19 73900 PV23 51319 PBr25 12510 PR122 73915 PR209 73905 PY43 77492 PY42 77492 PBr7 77492 PBr7 77491 PBr7 77491 Nat.R9 75330 Nat.R9 75330 PY110 56280 PB15 74160 PR255 561050 PM1 77000 PR101 77491 PG23 77009 PG18 77289 PW6 77891 PW4 77947 PBr7 77492 PY42 77492 PR101 77491 PR101 77491 PY128 20037 PW6 77891 PW4 77947 PBr25 12510 PB29 77007 PV15 77007 PW6 77891 PW4 77947 Nat.Br8 PBr7 77491 PR101 77491 PG18 77289 PB15 74160 PB15 74160 PG36 74265 PW4 77947 PG7 74260 PG36 74265 PY3 11710 PO73 561170 PR149 71137 PR255 561050 PR254 56110 PY74 11741 PY65 11740 PV23 51319 PY43 77492 PY43 77492 PY42 77492 PW4 77947
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