THE NORTON READER

An Anthology of Nonfiction
TWELFTH EDITION

LINDA H. PETERSON, General Editor Yale University JOHN C. BRERETON

Boston Athenaeum

W W NORTON & COMPANY

NEW YORK- LONDON

BRIEF

CONTENTS

PREFACE XV INTRODUCTION:

Reading and Writing with The Norton Reader xx

1 99

PERSONAL REPORT Prose Forms: journals PEOPLE, PLACES HUMAN NATURE

121 223 297 403

CULTURAL CRITIQUE Prose Forms: Op-Eds EDUCATION 428

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

510

An Album of Styles 592

NATURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT ETHICS HISTORY 674 776 852 906 935 1026 610

POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Prose Forms: Spoken Words SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

LITERATURE, THE ARTS, AND MEDIA

Prose Forms: Fables and Parables 1126 PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION AUTHORS 1219 1259 1263 1269 1139

GENRES INDEX THEMATIC INDEX INDEX 1273

RHETORICAL INDEX

CONTENTS

PREFACE

XV

INTRODUCTION:

Reading and Writing with The Norton Reader 1

xx

PERSONAL REPORT
CHANG-RAE LEE

JOAN DIDION

Coming Home Again 1 On Going Home 9 ANDREA BARRETT A Hole in the Wall 12
LARS EIGHNER On Dumpster Diving 20

The Dump Ground 29 Graduation 34 ZORA NEALE HURSTON HOW It Feels to Be Colored Me ALBERTO ALVARO Rfos Green Cards 47
WALLACE STEGNER MAYA ANGELOU

43

RICHARD SELZER

The Knife

50

BRUNO BETTELHEIM

NANCY MAIRS
ALICE WALKER

A Victim 57 On Being a Cripple

59

Beauty: When the Other Dancer Is the Self DAVID FOSTER WALLACE Consider the Lobster 75
LOREN EISELEY The Brown Wasps 88

69

E. B. WHITE

Once More to the Lake

93

Prose Forms: Journals 99

JOAN DIDION

On Keeping a Notebook 100 RALPH WALDO EMERSON from Journals 106 HENRY DAVID THOREAU from Journal 109 WALT WHITMAN Abraham Lincoln 112 RACHEL CARSON from Field Notebooks 114 COLBY BUZZELL Killing Time in Iraq 118

PEOPLE, PLACES
SCOTT RUSSELL SANDERS ANNIE DILLARD

121 121 132

Under the Influence from An American Childhood

Vll

CONTENTS

VIRGINIA WOOLF

My Father: Leslie Stephen 137 THOMAS JEFFERSON George Washington 142 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE Abraham Lincoln 145
TOM WOLFE Yeager 148

Strangers 158 EAVAN BOLAND The Woman, the Place, the Poet 162 JAMAICA KINCAID Sowers and Reapers 173 JUDITH ORTIZ COFER More Room 179
TONI MORRISON
N. SCOTT MOMADAY BARRY LOPEZ The Way to Rainy Mountain 189 182 The American Geographies

MARGARET ATWOOD DAVID GUTERSON

True North 199 Enclosed. Encyclopedic. Endured: The Mall of America 210

HUMAN NATURE
PAUL THEROUX

223
223

Being a Man

Looking at Women 226 ANDREW SULLIVAN What Is a Homosexual? 236 ANNA QUINDLEN Between the Sexes, a Great Divide 241 LAUREN SLATER Love 243 E. S. MADURO Excuse Me While I Explode: My Mother, Myself, My Anger 255 AMY CUNNINGHAM Why Women Smile 262 GLORIA STEINEM The Good News Is: These Are Not the Best Years of Your Life 268 .
SCOTT RUSSELL SANDERS EDWARD THOMAS MARY ROACH Insomnia 274 ELISABETH KUBLER-ROSS

On the Fear of Death 276 How to Know If You're Dead 282

297

CULTURAL CRITIQUE
ANTHONY BURGESS ADAM GOODHEART

Is America Falling Apart? 297 9.11.01: The Skyscraper and the Airplane 303 JESSICA MITFORD Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain 310 THOMAS LYNCH The Bang & Whimper and the Boom 317
HENRY LOUIS GATES JR. MALCOLM GLADWELL In the Kitchen 323

SONIA SHAH

Java Man 329 Tight Jeans and Chania Chorris 335

CONTENTS

ix

D. KRISTOF Saudis in Bikinis 340 Toys 342 FRED STREBEIGH The Wheels of Freedom: Bicycles in China 344 JOHN MCMURTRY Kill 'Em! Crush 'Em! Eat 'Em Raw! 354
NICHOLAS ROLAND BARTHES

MARK GREIF
BETTY ROLLIN

Against Exercise

360
369

Motherhood: Who Needs It?

BILL MCKIBBEN JAMES BALDWIN

The Case for Single-Child Families Stranger in the Village 387

Black Men and Public Space 396

378

BRENT STAPLES

DEBRA DICKERSON

Who Shot Johnny?

399

Prose Forms: Op-Eds 403

JO-ANN PILARDI

Get a Knife, Get a Dog, but Get Rid of Guns 405 The Immigration Problem Is About Us, Not Them 406 ANNA QUINDLEN In a Peaceful Frame of Mind 408 BRENT STAPLES Why Colleges Shower Their Students with A's 410
MOLLY IVINS

DAVID BROOKS
JENNIFER BRITZ

The Gender Gap at School

412

The Dean's Daughter Gets Thin Envelope

414

BINGE DRINKING HENRY WECHSLER, CHARLES DEUTSCH, AND GEORGE DOWDALL

Too Many Colleges Are Still in Denial about Alcohol Abuse

JACK HITT
KENNETH

417

The Battle of the Binge

422

A. BRUFFEE Binge Drinking as a Substitute fora "Community of Learning" 425 / 428 Learning to Read
432

EDUCATION

FREDERICK DOUGLASS

428

EUDORA WELTY
DAVID CHANOFF

Clamorous to Learn

Education Is My Mother and My Father 438 JOHN HOLT HOW Teachers Make Children Hate Reading 449 BENJAMIN R. BARBER America Skips School 457 CAROLINE BIRD College Is a Waste of Time and Money 467 JAMES THURBER University Days 476 WILLIAM ZINSSER College Pressures 481 ADRIENNE RICH Taking Women Students Seriously 487
WILLIAM GOLDING
WILLIAM

Thinking as a Hobby

494

G. PERRY JR. Examsmanship and the Liberal Arts: A Study in Educational Epistemology 500

CONTENTS

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION

GLORIA NAYLOR

510

"Mommy, What Does 'Nigger' Mean?" 510

Tongue-Tied 513

MAXINE HONG KINGSTON RICHARD RODRIGUEZ GLORIA ANZALDUA MARJORIE AGOSIN GARRISON KEILLOR

Aria 517 How to Tame a Wild Tongue 523 Always Living in Spanish 532 HOW to Write a Letter 535

Postcards 537
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Learning to Write 539 PATRICIA WILLIAMS The Death of the Profane: The Rhetoric
ANNE FADIMAN

of Race and Rights 543 The His'er Problem 549

Notes on Punctuation 553

LEWIS THOMAS

J. ABBOTT MILLER Period Styles: A Punctuated History 556 KITTY BURNS FLOREY Sister Bernadette's Barking Dog 562 WAYNE C. BOOTH Boring From Within: The Art of the Freshman Essay 566 DENNIS BARON When Professors Get A's and Machines Get F's 577 GEORGE ORWELL Politics and the English Language 581
ELLEN LUPTON AND

An Album of Styles
FRANCIS BACON
BEN JONSON TO

592 593

Of Youth and Age

Write Well 594

596
596 The Pyramids

JOHN DONNE

NO Man Is an Island

SAMUEL JOHNSON
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN WILLIAM BLAKE

from Poor Richard's Almanack 597 Proverbs of Hell 599 AMBROSE BIERCE from The Devil's Dictionary 600 MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT from A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 603
JOHN HENRY NEWMAN
ABRAHAM LINCOLN ERNEST HEMINGWAY

Knowledge and Virtue

604

E. B. WHITE
JOHN UPDIKE

The Gettysburg Address 605 from A Farewell to Arms 606 Progress and Change 606 Beer Can 607
River Music 607

TERRY TEMPEST WILLIAMS

CONTENTS

NATURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

RACHEL CARSON Tides 610
623

610

JOHN MUIR
CEDWARD ABBEY

A Wind-Storm in the Forests 617

The Serpents of Paradise

The Work of Honeybees 629 ALEXANDER PETRUNKEVITCH The Spider and the Wasp 636 CHIEF SEATTLE Letter to President Pierce, 1855 642 ALDO LEOPOLD Marshland Elegy 643
ALLISON WALLACE

MARY OLIVER

Waste Land: An Elegy 648

The Trouble with Wilderness 651 JOSEPH WOOD KRUTCH The Most Dangerous Predator 655 SANDRA STEINGRABER Tune of the Tuna Fish 663 TERRY TEMPEST WILLIAMS The Clan of One-Breasted Women 666
WILLIAM CRONON

ETHICS

674
Letter to His Son 674

LORD CHESTERFIELD

MARK TWAIN

Advice to Youth

677

JONATHAN RAUCH MICHAEL LEVIN TOM REGAN CARL COHEN

In Defense of Prejudice 680 The Case for Torture 689 The Case for Animal Rights 691
An Animal's Place 702

MICHAEL POLLAN

The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research 718

The Boston Photographs 727

NORA EPHRON
ALDO LEOPOLD
MARY GORDON

The Land Ethic

A Moral Choice

733

740

We Do Abortions Here: A Nurse's Story 747 STEPHEN JAY GOULD The Terrifying Normalcy of AIDS 754
SALLIE TISDALE
KILDARE DOBBS The Shatterei-of Worlds 758

PAUL FUSSELL

Thank God for the Atom Bomb 763

HISTORY

776

The Battle of the Ants 776 BARBARA TUCHMAN "This Is the End of the World": The Black Death 779 PHILIP ALCABES The Bioterrorism Scare: A Historical Perspective 792 WALT WHITMAN Death of Abraham Lincoln 803
HENRY DAVID THOREAU

xii

CONTENTS

H. BRUCE FRANKLIN From Realism to Virtual Reality: Images of America's Wars 810 HANNAH ARENDT Deportations from Western Europe 826
WORLD WAR II: VICTIMS, VILLAINS, HEROES

He Said No to Internment 831 Saved by Strangers 833 DANIEL BERGNER Chasing Evil 836
MATT BAI SARA CORBETT

PHILIP GOUREVITCH

After the Genocide'

839

FRANCES FITZGERALD

Rewriting American History 845

POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT

GEORGE ORWELL
JONATHAN SWIFT

852

Shooting an Elephant

852 865

A Modest Proposal 858

The Morals of the Prince

NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI

THOMAS JEFFERSON

Original Draft of the Declaration

of Independence

872 876

The Declaration of Independence Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions 879 ABRAHAM LINCOLN Second Inaugural Address 881 JOHN F. KENNEDY Inaugural Address 883 LANI GUINIER The Tyranny of the Majority 886
THOMAS JEFFERSON AND OTHERS ELIZABETH CADY STANTON

E. B. WHITE

Democracy

891

MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.

Letter from Birmingham Jail 892

Prose Forms: Spoken Words 906

I Have a Dream 907 WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON NO Compromise with Slavery 910 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT On the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 913 AL GORE The Climate Emergency 918 WILLIAM FAULKNER Nobel Prize Award Speech 929
MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.

JAMES VAN THOLEN

Surprised by Death

931

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY JACOB BRONOWSKI ISAAC ASIMOV

935

The Nature of Scientific Reasoning 935 The Eureka Phenomenon 939

CONTENTS

xiii The Route to Normal Science 948 Limiting Science: A Biologist's Perspective
966

THOMAS

S. KUHN DAVID BALTIMORE

957

MATT RIDLEY
0

Genome

HENRY WECHSLER, ANDREA DAVENPORT, GEORGE DOWDALL, BARBARA MOEYKENS, AND SONIA CASTILLO

Health and Behavioral Consequences of Binge Drinking: A National Survey of Students at 140 Campuses 976 MELVIN KONNER Why the Reckless Survive 991 NEIL POSTMAN Virtual Students, Digital Classroom 1000
EDWARD O. WILSON
STEPHEN JAY GOULD

Intelligent Evolution

1007

Darwin's Middle Road

1018 1026

LITERATURE, THE ARTS, AND MEDIA

EUDORA WELTY

One Writer's Beginnings 1026 Good Readers and Good Writers 1032 NORTHROP FRYE The Motive for Metaphor 1037 KATHA POLLITT Does a Literary Canon Matter? 1046 NGUGT WA THIONG'O Decolonizing the Mind 1053 ADRIENNE RICH When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-vision VIRGINIA WOOLF In Search of a Room of One's Own 1074 JOHN UPDIKE Little Lightnings 1085 Moving Along 1087 SCOTT MCCLOUD Understanding Comics 1091 SUSAN SONTAG A Century of Cinema 1097
VLADIMIR NABOKOV

1061

SUSAN ALLEN TOTH

ANTHONY LANE
TERRY TEACHOUT

Going to the Movies

1108

1105

The Sound of Music

The Beatles Now 1115

HOW We Listen 1121

AARON COPLAND

Prose Forms: Fables and Parables 1126

The Frogs Desiring a King 1127 The Allegory of the Cave 1128 JESUS Parables of the Kingdom 1131 ZEN PARABLES Muddy Road, A Parable, Learning to Be Silent
AESOP PLATO

1134

MARK TWAIN

The War Prayer

1135

xiv

CONTENTS

PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION

LANGSTON HUGHES
ANDRE ACIMAN

1139

Salvation 1139
1141 1153

In a Double Exile

RITA DOVE

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Ephesians 1144

Common-Sense Religion

DANIEL C. DENNETT

ROBERT GRAVES

Mythology

1160

Where I Lived, and What I Lived For 1164 MARTHA NUSSBAUM The Idea of World Citizenship in Greek and Roman Antiquity 1174 VIRGINIA WOOLF The Death of the Moth 1188 ANNIE DILLARD Sight into Insight 1190 GILBERT HIGHET The Mystery of Zen 1201 JEAN-PAUL SARTRE Existentialism 1209
HENRY DAVID THOREAU AUTHORS 1219 1251

PERMISSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS GENRES INDEX THEMATIC INDEX INDEX 1273 1259 1263 1269

RHETORICAL INDEX