AWY Aqqoo - IInk LroubIesIooLIng - wIILe puper ]1/7

A400 AWY

LInk troubIeshootIng - whIte paper
February 2008







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Introduction


ThIs whIte paper has the target to help commIssIonIng and maIntenance teams to dIagnostIc radIo lInk faIlures,
usIng the varIous loopback avaIlable.

The loopback used are:
Near end 0U cable loopback
Near end D0U cable loopback
Far end 0U trIbutary loopback

ThIs document assumes a 1+0 confIguratIon. n 1+1 confIguratIon, the troubleshootIng Is sImplIfIed as the
swItchIng to the spare 0U/D0U can be used In the local or remote statIon to determIne the faulty unIt.


1. Main tooIs avaiIabIe :

1.1. Loopbacks :

2 loopbacks at 0U level and 1 loopback at D0U level are avaIlable. TheIr actIvatIon Is done through the ECT.

1.1.1 Near end IDU cable loopback :

FRAME MODEM F - RF F - RF MODEM
Near end
ODU
Near end
IDU
Far end
ODU
Far end
IDU
LU FRAME LU


ThIs loopback Is useful to check the contInuIty of the sIgnal from the trIbutarIes up to the 0U cable Interface.
ThIs loopback can be executed only locally.

1.1.2 Near end ODU cable loopback :

FRAME MODEM F - RF F - RF MODEM
Near end
ODU
Near end
IDU
Far end
ODU
Far end
IDU
LU FRAME LU

ThIs loopback Is useful to check the contInuIty of the sIgnal from the trIbutarIes up to the cable Interface of
the D0U.
ThIs loopback can be executed only locally.




AWY Aqqoo - IInk LroubIesIooLIng - wIILe puper ]J/7
1.1.3 Far end IDU tributary loopback :

FRAME MODEM F - RF F - RF MODEM
Near end
ODU
Near end
IDU
Far end
ODU
Far end
IDU
LU FRAME LU
Station A Station B
ThIs
loopback Is useful to check the contInuIty of the sIgnal on the overall path excludIng the LU Interface In the
remote statIon. ThIs loopback can be actIvated separately on each trIbutary. The actIvatIon/deactIvatIon can
be done remotely from statIon A.


1.2 Tx Power mute :

The Tx power of the D0U can be muted. ThIs can be useful to perform InvestIgatIon related to Interferer.
ThIs command Is avaIlable locally and remotely.

1.3 Received Signal Level indication :

The receIved level at the Input of the transceIver Is avaIlable on the ECT. ThIs InformatIon Is useful to check
the theoretIcal expected value gIven by the lInk budget.




2. AIarms and troubIeshooting :

The maIn radIo alarms wIth the assocIated maIntenance actIons are descrIbed hereafter. WIthout any
IndIcatIon, all the maIntenance actIons are done locally In the statIon where the alarm Is raIsed.

2.1 Transmitter alarms :

hod LDS aIarm :
|eanIng : |IssIng sIgnal at D0U Input
|aIntenance actIons :




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Mod LOS aIarm
Tibutary signal
OK ?
Change the DU
NO
YES
Tributary signal
OK ?
YES
NO
Change the ODU
Activate the near end
DU cable loopback
Activate the near end
ODU cable loopback
Check
DU/ODU cable


hod FaII aIarm :
|eanIng : nternal modulator faIlure
|aIntenance actIon : change the D0U


Tx FaII aIarm :
|eanIng : The Tx power level cannot be alIgned wIth the consIgn. ThIs alarm Is raIsed when the
devIatIon Is at least 6d8. |ost of the tIme, the root cause Is a lack of gaIn In the Tx chaIn.
|aIntenance actIon : change the D0U



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2.2 Receiver alarms :

Px faII aIarm :
|eanIng : The receIved level Is very low or absent.
|aIntenance actIons :

Rx FaiI aIarm
Configuration
of the remote station
(Tx power level,
RTPC or ATPC range,
Tx frequency)
OK ?
Troubleshoot the
remote station
NO
YES
Alignement of
the antennas
OK ?
Align the antennas
Normal
condition of
propagation ?
Wait for normal
condition
of propagation
YES
NO
NO
Change the ODU
YES


Note : n case of antenna mIsalIgnment or propagatIon events, both dIrectIon should be affected



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0em faII aIarm :
|eanIng : The format or the level of the receIved sIgnal Is not the expected one. Therefore, the
synchronIzatIon of the demodulator Is ImpossIble.
|aIntenance actIons :

Dem FaiI aIarm
Received level
is in the
expected
range ?
Troubleshoot as for
Rx fail alarm
NO
YES
Modulation &
rate in the
remote station
aligned ?
YES
NO
To check the presence
of an in-band interferer,
Mute-off the Tx power
in the distant station
Align the configuration
n the remote station
Received level

Presence of an interferer
Modify the radio planning
Change the ODU
YES
NO





AWY Aqqoo - IInk LroubIesIooLIng - wIILe puper ]7/7

HEP aIarm :
|eanIng : The 8EF on the lInk In abnormally hIgh (close to 10
J
) .
|aIntenance actIons :
HBER aIarm
HBER alarm
cancelled ?
Change the DU
NO
YES
HBER alarm
cancelled ?
YES
NO
Activate the near end
DU cable loopback
Activate the near end
ODU cable loopback
Check
DU/ODU cable
Received level
is in the
expected
range ?
Troubleshoot as for
Rx fail alarm
NO
YES
To check the presence
of an in-band interferer,
Mute-off the Tx power
in the distant station
Received level

Presence of an interferer
Modify the radio planning
Change the ODU
YES
NO
n ATPC mode,
ATPC Rx
threshold set
too low ?
NO
Align the ATPC Rx
threshold with the
recommendation
in the User Manual
YES