Acoustic Flow Measurements and their Applications

We know flow.

Fluvius TT

Kanalis TT

Ductus TT

11

Ductus TT COHP

12

Ductus TT SP

15

AquaProfilerTM

17

Q-Eye PSC

17

Q-Eye M II

18

Q-Eye MT

18

Software Q

21

Q-Vision Evaluation

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Product Guide
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Dr.-Ing. Jrgen Skripalle managing director

Vision
Monitoring water is becoming more and more important. Resources, particularly drinking water are extremely limited. In areas requiring irrigation, especially in very dry districts, man is already fighting to make good use of the last drop. Without doubt, the acoustic discharge measurement has enhanced its prestige. It is used as a fundamental information for water management in the field of hydrology, for the control of processes in the field of hydro power as well as for water supply, industry and waste water applications. The acoustic principle has become a growth driver for flow meters. More and more users have already begun to appreciate the advantages of contact free measurements. With a comprehensive range of products and solutions we can determine flow in various applications. Accuracy and reliability are given top priority. HydroVision products owe their quality to rigorous testing under laboratory conditions and their continuous development. We are not satisfied until our instruments meet the required accuracy under real field conditions. HydroVisions broad knowledge in the area of acoustic flow measurement is reflected in our product range for standard applications. It becomes even more apparent when complex tasks have to be solved. HydroVision is committed in equal measure to consulting, delivery quality, service and support. Water is a valuable commodity, with which we feel connected in a special way. HydroVision is passionate about its products and can look back on many years of experience. HydroVision starts where others stop. We are continually developing our product range, to stay one step ahead. This enables us to reliably solve all your measuring tasks. We know flow.

p. 10 Hydro Power

p. 6 Rivers

We measure everywhere.
In this product overview we describe the various applications for our instruments. A vast amount of applications can be solved using acoustic flow measurement. HydroVision is at the forefront of State of the Art and future development. Our measurement instruments can be used everywhere where there is flowing water. For example rivers, channels or pipes we measure everywhere.

p. 8 Channels

p. 14 Water Supply

p. 16 Waste Water

When sound propagates through water, pressure fluctuations can be detected. They travel through the water, the channel or the pipe as sound waves. With our instruments it is possible to record these ultrasound waves.

Depending on the measurement technique applied, we detect the Transit Time with and against the flow direction. For other applications, we use the Pulse Doppler effect. Here our instruments record the change of the wave length reflected at a particle in the flow.

Rivers
Numerous rivers intersect our landscape from small brooks up to huge river networks. Some of them form a natural border between two countries. At all times man has preferred to live in river areas. Clear water, the possibility to use the river for transport, generating power from water and the scenic attractiveness are amongst the reasons. However, our actions have more and more influence on water quantity and quality. In many regions taking water for irrigation or as drinking water are the reasons. More than half of all big rivers around the world have been polluted during the course of time. Observations of water levels have been used since ancient times, systematic discharge measurements go back to the middle of the 19th century. This historical data has been used as the basis for various applications, for example for flood protection and flood forecasting. They also form the foundation for the design of hydro-engineering constructions. In recent years the acoustic flow measurement has established itself as the standard method for measurements on many hydrological stations. With this almost contact free technology data can be recorded continuously and it provides twenty-four-seven monitoring.

Products
The range of application for Fluvius TT runs from small waterways to huge river systems with high suspended solids. By means of acoustic transmission a coded signal is sent through the water and the transit time is calculated providing the speed of river flow. When an acoustic wave propagates in water, part of the energy is damped by friction and suspended solids. This procedure is frequencyrelated. The higher the frequency, the bigger the damping. For wider distances we use low frequencies as they allow for a considerably better receiver signal.
Specifications Acoustic Paths: Frequency: Accuracy: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1 - 8, length 1 - 1000 m 15, 28, 100 and 200 kHz 2% (typical) 4 lines, 20 characters internal, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC Aluminium, wall mounted

Fluvius TT ECM
Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Specifications Type TD-15/17

15 kHz

Frequency 15 kHz 28 kHz 100 kHz 200 kHz

Beam Width 17 (-3dB) 18 (-3dB) 9 (-3dB) 8 (-3dB)

Dimensions 368 mm Height 121 mm 183 mm Height 142 mm 183 mm Height 142 mm 70 mm Height 40 mm

TD-28/18
28/100 kHz 200 kHz

TD-100/9 TD-200/8

Transducers

Commonly used transducer frequencies for various path lengths and sediment loads.
Sediment load in g/m3
10000

5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 500 400 300 200 100 50 40 30 20 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 100 200 300 400 500 1000

TD-15/17

TD-200/18

TD-200/8

TD-100/9

TD-28/18

Acoustic path length in m

Channels
Channels are artificially created waterways used for shipping, transportation, irrigation, drainage and for cooling water extraction of power plants. A further important use is the transportation of water used for the supply of drinking water. Here the focus lies on detecting water loss at an early stage; sometimes it is difficult to detect small leakages. Our instruments measure precisely and reliably in order to prevent long term water losses.
Crossed-path system, Irrigation channel

Products
Specifications Acoustic Paths: Frequency: Accuracy: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1 - 8, length 1 - 30 m 200 kHz 2% (typical) 4 lines, 20 characters internal, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC Aluminium, wall mounted

Kanalis TT ECM
Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Specifications Type TD-200/18 TD-200/8 Frequency Beam Width 200 kHz 200 kHz 18 (-3dB) 8 (-3dB) Dimensions 31,8 mm Height 50 mm 70 mm Height 40 mm

Mounting Assembly
TD-200/8 TD-200/18

Transducers Single-path system

In its most basic form, the ultrasonic gauge operates with a single pair of transducers. However, it relies upon a relatively stable velocity profile, essentially unaffected by changes in the relation between water level and flow. The main flow has to be parallel to the bank. The relationship between measured velocity and discharge is established by hydrometric calibration.

Standardized mounting devices for any kind of channel geometry like rectangular, trapezoid or natural river banks are available. The design is flow optimized protecting the transducers against moving objects suspending in the flow stream. It also provides room for connections and protective conduits.

Crossed-path system
In rivers there is a high risk of cross flow. Its intensity depends mainly on the rivers geometry and if there is an upstream bend in the river. Although the cross flow does not influence the quantity of the discharge, it may affect the measurement, a second pair of transducers will be necessary. By crosswise arrangement of four transducers, effects of changing flow direction can be eliminated.

Multi-path system
An even more accurate discharge measurement can be obtained with systems using several planes. The measured result can be further improved by using a multi path system layering each of the acoustic paths in parallel planes one above the other. This negates having an expensive hydrometric calibration. This type of system is suitable for applications with large water level fluctuations, reverse flow or a vertical velocity distribution outside the theoretical normal.

Hydro Power
Hydro power is an important source of energy which contributes to supplying power to the earths population. Today, hydro power plants deliver approximately 3,5 per cent of electric energy generated worldwide. Their share in power generation from renewable resources comes to 18 per cent. In the future this share will continue to grow, as resources of fossil fuels are depleted. The hydro electric performance depends essentially on the usable altitude difference between upper reservoir and lower reservoir, and hence the flow. In order to use the fuel water in an optimal way, this flow has to be monitored without any interruptions.

4 planes crossed according to IEC 41 / ASME PTC 18

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Products
For pipes with a diameter of more than half a meter, acoustic flow measurement systems have long established themselves as a reliable and convenient measurement method. Measurements in several planes are a recommended method to determine the efficiency of the turbine without the need for calibration meeting the latest international standards. Fixed installed equipment form the basis for verifying the efficiency. A deterioration of efficiency can be detected right away and therefore corrections can be initiated at an early stage.
Specifications Acoustic Paths: Accuracy: Range: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1-8 0,5% with 8 paths 20 m/s 4 lines, 20 characters internal, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC Aluminium, wall mounted

Ductus TT ECM
Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Specifications Acoustic Paths: Accuracy: Range: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1-8 0,5% with 8 paths 20 m/s 4 lines, 20 characters internal, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 16 x V or mA max. 16 x V or mA 8 x Relay, 8 x Digital 90-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 24/12 VDC 19 Rack, 4 HE

Ductus TT ECM (19)

Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Transducers

Specifications Frequency: Beam Width: Configuration: Pipe Diameter: Pipe Wall Thickness: Pressure Rate: Material: Cable: Cable Length: Temperature Range: Installation:

Internal Mount
200 kHz 18 (-3dB) IEC41 / ASMEPTC 18 min. 1000 mm max. 100 bar Stainless Steel / Polyamid twisted pair with shield max. 1000 m -10 to 60C From the inside

External Mount
200 kHz 18 (-3dB) IEC41 / ASMEPTC 18 min. 300 mm 10 - 60 mm max. 100 bar Stainless Steel / Polyamid twisted pair with shield max. 1000 m -10 to 60C When pipe can be dewatered for installation. Designed to remove the transducer without dewatering the pipe

External Mount
200 kHz 18 (-3dB) IEC41 / ASMEPTC 18 min. 1000 mm 10 - 60 mm max. 100 bar Stainless Steel / Polyamid twisted pair with shield max. 1000 m -10 to 60C When pipe can be dewatered for installation but access to the inside is not available.

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A further area of application is the detection of burst pipes. Here, at least two systems have to be permanently installed in the pipelines to be monitored. Because of the accuracy of our products even small leakages can be detected instantaneously.

Specifications Acoustic Paths: Accuracy: Range: Pipe Diameter: Pipe Wall Thickness: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1-8 0,5% with 8 paths 20 m/s 0,3 - 10 m max. 100 mm (steel) 4 lines, 20 characters internal , sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC Aluminium, wall mounted

Ductus TT COHP
Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Advantages of Clamp-On Systems A flow meter using clamp-on transducers makes measuring discharge non-intrusive and easy from the outside of the pipe. The transducers are installed with little technical effort and without process interruption on the pipeline. Rotationally symmetric flow profiles can be determined with a single acoustic path; non-symmetric profiles require the use of several acoustic paths.

Transducer

Clamp-On with 8 acoustic paths

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Water Supply
Although there is enough water on earth and it is not consumed but merely used, drinking water starts to get short. The uneven distribution of water amongst the regions, the rising population and our carelessness leads to a shortage of fresh drinking water. In the future more and more pipelines for drinking water will be built all over the globe. In order to operate huge and complex pipe networks efficiently, flow measurement will be necessary.
Spoolpiece with 4 acoustic paths in 2 planes

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Products
Specifications Acoustic Paths: Accuracy: Range: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: 1-8 0,5% with 8 paths 20 m/s 4 lines, 20 characters internal, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet, USB max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC Steel, wall mounted

Ductus TT SP
Travel time system with digital signal processing

Power Supply: Enclosure:

Specifications Pipe Diameter: Configuration: Pressure rate: Connection: Material: Cable: Cable Length: Temperature Range: DN300 to DN2000 one path in 1 - 4 planes crossed paths in 1 - 4 planes PN6, PN10 and PN16 flange EN 1092-1 or ANSI/AWWA steel, Epoxy coated twisted pair with shield max. 1000 m -10 to 60C

Spoolpiece Path Arrangement

Generally, the number and arrangement of paths depends on the straight length of the pipe upstream and downstream. Short lengths prevent the formation of an axially symmetric twist free flow profile. In order to ascertain the central average axial flow velocity with sufficient accuracy under less favourable flow conditions, a variety of different path arrangements can be provided. The simplest solution is to establish a signal path through the centre of the pipe. Crosswise arranged paths reduce the influence of cross flows. An even more accurate flow measurement in the measuring result can be obtained by arranging an appropriate number of acoustic paths in several parallel planes. These arrangements reduce the influences of the flow profile on the measurement uncertainty to a minimum. In order to be able to determine with sufficient long straight lengths the mean velocity over the cross section and thus the flow with only one plane, the velocity distribution correction factor, which is determined by the Reynolds number, has to be considered. The evaluation in several parallel planes is done by means of numerical integration methods.

one acoustic path

two acoustic paths

eight acoustic paths

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Waste Water
Drinking water is not the only area requiring flow measurement. The disposal and cleaning of waste water is of equal importance. Waste water contains a multitude of organic substances which used to be dumped directly into the soil or the nearest river. As awareness has increased, most discharges are now treated to assure long term sustainability. The contamination of surface waters has now been reduced and the oxygen content could be increased once again. Due to the advance of waste water treatment around the world nature was able to regenerate in many places. Todays civilization is unthinkable without functioning water treatment plants. Modern plants are highly complex systems. They consist of channels for waste water discharge, facilities for waste water collection and clarification plants. HydroVision can complete flow measurements in all of these areas.

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Products
For sewage-treatment plants flow measurements are primarily installed for internal reasons, for example to control specific plant components with flow dependency or for controlling additives. International regulations for example the EU-Directive for handling municipal waste water require a continuous surveillance of waste water discharge. Defective flow measurements on sewage-treatment plants can therefore influence their operation, but there can also be legal or environmental consequences.

Q-Eye PSC
stationary Pulse-Doppler system Specifications Sensor: Frequency: Number of Cells: Range: 1 x velocity 1 x water level 1 MHz Q-Eye PSC: mean value Q-Eye PSC PRO: max. 22 cells velocity 5,3 m/s water level (ultrasonic) 0,04-1,3 m expandable via external 4-20 mA sensor 1% of measured value for v and h 2% for discharge max. 80 m 4 lines, 20 characters 5 keys Compact Flash Card up to 2GB RS-232, MODBUS max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 100-240 VAC (47-63 Hz) or 12 VDC ATEX (option) Aluminium, wall mounted

AquaProfilerTM
stationary Pulse-Doppler system Specifications Sensor: Frequency: Number of Cells: Range: 2 x velocity 2 x water level 500 kHz max. 128 cells velocity 6 m/s water level (ultrasonic) 0,1 - 3 m water level (hydrostatic) 0 - 5 m 1% of measured value for v and h 0,25% for value h (hydrostatic) 2% for discharge passive sensor max. 10 m active sensor max. 200 m 4 lines, 20 characters 20GB, sampling interval user selectable RS-232, MODBUS, Ethernet max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 85-264 VAC (50-60 Hz) or 12 VDC

Accuracy:

Accuracy:

Cable Length: Display: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: Power Supply: Approval: Enclosure:

Cable Length: Display: Keyboard: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: Power Supply: Approval: Enclosure:

ATEX (option) Aluminium, wall mounted

Q-Eye PSC impresses with its configuration. External sensors can be supplied with power and read in and stored via 4-20 mA signal. Not only water level and flow, but also parameters for water quality like O2, conductivity or turbidity can be measured and stored on a Compact Flash Card. The system is programmed without additional devices over 5 keys.

With its 2-dimensional velocity sensor and a resolution of max. 128 measuring cells, the AquaProfilerTM sets new standards. It scans the velocity profile and calculates the discharge together with the measured water level. Even under difficult hydraulic conditions with secondary flow, it delivers amazingly good results. The cross flow is recognized and eliminated by the measured velocity vector.

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In the field of waste water monitoring, there are many possibilities for use of portable and stationary discharge measurement systems starting with the monitoring of influent sewage water to sewer infiltration/inflow, capacity of sewer pipes. Measurements for sewer network calculations, discharge measurements for the assessment of overflows, etc. In these situations, the advantage of the almost contact-free ultrasonic measurement is obvious. With our hydrodynamic sensors, dirt particles and ragging do not occur, on the contrary these particles lead to a very good signal quality when it comes to using the Pulse Doppler Principle.

Q-Eye MT
Flow monitor for flumes and weirs Specifications Water level: Frequency: Range: Accuracy: Cable Length: Display: Keyboard: Datalogger: Communication: Inputs: Outputs: Power Supply: Approval: Enclosure: max. 2 acoustic sensors type TD-50/12: 50 kHz type TD-40/14: 40 kHz type TD-50/12: 0,3 - 10 m type TD-40/14: 0,25 - 5 m 0,2% (typical) max. 300 m 4 lines, 20 characters 5 keys Compact Flash Card up to 2GB RS-232, MODBUS max. 8 x 4-20 mA max. 4 x 4-20 mA 2 x Relay, 2 x Pulse 100-240 VAC (47-63 Hz) or 12 VDC ATEX, FM (option) Aluminium, wall mounted

Q-Eye M II
portable Pulse-Doppler system Specifications Sensor: Frequency: Range: 1 x velocity 1 x water level 1 MHz velocity 5,3 m/s water level 0,4 - 1,3 m expandable via optional hydrostatic sensor: 0 - 3,5 m 1% of measured value for v and h 0,25% for value h (hydrostatic) 2% for discharge max. 80 m 1 line, 8 characters one key 2MB (internal) RS-232 1 x Pulse battery operation 8 x 1,5 V or rechargeable battery ATEX (option) POM (Polyoxymethylen)

Accuracy:

Cable Length: Display: Keyboard: Datalogger: Communication: Outputs: Power Supply: Approval: Enclosure:

spring ring weir

The universal water level and discharge measuring system Q-Eye MT is designed for applications with flumes and weirs. Predefined flumes like e.g. Khafagi Venturi, Parshall or Palmer-Bowlus and common weir types like for instance a rectangular or V-shaped weir make setting into operation easy. Two freely programmable Q/h characteristics offer solutions for truly customized applications. Further applications include volume measurements in various types of tanks and difference measurements at a screen or pump control.

Q-Eye MII shows its advantages in mobile applications. The long lifetime of approx. 90 days with a measuring interval of 5 minutes, as well as the small and robust housing make it the perfect tool for temporary operations. In addition to water level and flow, the signal quality, battery voltage and the calculated flow are also stored inside the data logger. A pulse output provides the necessary signal to a sampler. With the optional connectable pressure sensor, the water level can be collected redundantly and the measuring range can be extended up to 3,5 m. Standardized spring rings make mounting at site easy.

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Software
Our software is used for analyzing measured data collected in natural waters and sewer networks. The collected values can be archived and processed comfortably in a data base. Data from different observation areas can be presented, analysed and evaluated both graphically and in table form. By comparing historical files with current values, you are able to react to both short-term events and subtle changes. HydroVision is continually updating and improving with the help of customer input to provide new features. This guarantees that our clients can complete their tasks efficiently and according to their requirements. Our software is steadily being developed taking into account user friendliness and usability. HydroVisions multilingual software uses a familiar menu structure with well-known user interfaces.

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Software Q
Software Q is a manufacturer independent software for efficient recording, evaluation and analysis including reporting of current meter measurements as well as other electronic velocity sensors.

Measurement sites and instruments are clearly defined, current meters and their calibration tables are historically filed and automatically checked for consistency. As a measuring method one-point, two-point and multipoint measurements are available. They are evaluated according to ISO748 Measurement of liquid flow in open channels and a report are created. The velocity distribution in a cross section is calculated by a FiniteDifference-Algorithm. This algorithm forms the basis for further evaluations like for example velocity along an acoustic path of a transit-time system, the velocity distribution within the sound beam of an H-ADCP or for determining the mean flow velocity within a user-defined section. Whereas the basic module contains the fundamental analysis, further special features are available as modular components. These special modules make discharge measurements and their evaluation even more user-friendly for the customer.

Q-Vision Evaluation
Q-Vision Evaluation provides for evaluating time-related data. Measuring values from our instruments Q-Eye M-II, Q-Eye PSC, Q-Eye PSC Pro, AquaProfilerTM and Q-Eye MT can be read and evaluated directly. However, other parameters for example water quality, rain events or pump runtimes can also be imported and evaluated in .csv or ASCII format. Several parameters can be presented simultaneously in a graphic as a curve as well as in tabular form.

Zoom functions and the freehand scaling of the time events series on the x- and y- axis guarantee you a detailed view at special events. Comprehensive editing and corrections are possible for single values and complete time events. You can add commentaries and close gaps, you can derive the discharge via q/h relationship or according to Manning-Strickler and visualise it as a further derived time events. Correlations between arbitrary parameters can be calculated, in order to determine the relationship between a dependent and an independent variable. An export of the data files and the printer feature are also included.

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Service
Look at him! The short target deadline was met once again. Our hard work of the past two weeks has finally paid off. The ultrasonic discharge measuring system for a hydropower plant has passed its test. Everything works fine - this is the best moment a project engineer can have. Thanks to the excellent professional competence of our service department we manage projects all over the world. Skilled service technicians, electronic technicians, project engineers and training staff provide advice and support from project planning all the way to the turnkey installation. Our products are mostly customized. Prior to the project planning we inspect the measuring site in order to submit a detailed solution. For instant clarifications you can contact our telephone support. Or browse on our country specific websites on your own to find the suitable product for your application.

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HydroVision worldwide
Canada
Waste Water Treatment Plant

Iceland
Hydro Power

Turkey
Hydro Power

South Korea
River

System: Kanalis TT Transducer: TD-200/8

System: Ductus TT COHP Transducer: Clamp-On System: Ductus TT (19``) Transducer: External mount System: Fluvius TT Transducer: TD-15/17

USA
Waste Water Treatment Plant

Egypt
Irrigation channel

Great Britain
Water Supply

Japan
River

System: Kanalis TT Transducer: TD-200/8 System: Q-Eye PSC Transducer: Pulse Doppler System: Fluvius TT Transducer: TD-28/18

System: Ductus TT Transducer: Internal mount

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HydroVision GmbH
Gewerbestrae 61A 87600 Kaufbeuren Germany

HydroVision America
10520 Yonge Street Unit 35B, Suite 212 Richmond Hill, Ontario L4C 3C7 Canada

HydroVision RUS
Drovayana Str. 9A 190103 St. Petersburg Russia

HydroVision India
602 Crystal CHS, Jimmy Tower III Koper Khairane 400 709 New Mumbai India

tel. +49 - 8341 - 9662180 fax +49 - 8341 - 9666030 info@hydrovision.de www.hydrovision.de

tel. +1 - 905 - 8330885 fax +1 - 905 - 8330823 info@hydrovision.us www.hydrovision.us

tel. +7 - 812 - 2512424 fax +7 - 812 - 2512424 info@hydrovision.ru www.hydrovision.ru

tel. +91 - 98 - 67299020

info@hydrovision.in www.hydrovision.in

2009 HydroVision GmbH

Specifications are for instruments at the time the literature was printed. Due to continuous product testing and improvement, all specifications are subject to change without notice.