Introduction :
We are managers of the Famous French Group Carrefour, specialized in the HP and SP. It has been several months since we conduct research in order to open a new point of sale in eastern of Europe. To do that, we have organized our work into four parts. Firstly, we studied the existing network of supermarkets and hypermarkets in the different countries of the Eastern Europe. Subsequently, we are interested in their socioeconomical situation with the aim of determine which country can offer the most favorable conditions to the implementation of our new point of sale. Afterward, we will introduce you the purchasing power and the purchasing habits of the region which we have selected. Lastly, we have analyzed the transport and communication facilities in the region which we have selected. We will demonstrate you, why the country we have chosen is the most favorable for our project.
I) The Analyse of the existing network of supermarkets and hypermarkets in the Eastern Part of Europe II) The socio economical situation of these different countries ESTONIE
Country : Estonie Capital: Tallinn Exchange rate: 1 Euros = 1.2569 USD, 1 USD = 0.7956 Euros Growth forecast of the GDP (gross domestic product): 4, 2% en 2013 FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) Stock: 16 438 millions USD en 2010 Population : 1,3 millions Goods and services import: 18.757 millions GNP (gross national product) : 18.846 millions Real average growth of the GDP: 7,4 % The economic situation
(Ca aprs je vais le faire en tableau ) Point forts: The 1th of May 2004, Estonia becomes a member of the European Union. This country L'Estonie, qui est devenue membre de l'Union Europenne le 1er mai 2004, est un emplacement sduisant pour l'investissement sur la mer Baltique (un des marchs europens les plus en croissance les dernires annes), avec une conomie solide. Un budget quilibr (garanti par la Constitution), un rgime de libre change, une devise entirement convertible, un secteur concurrentiel pour les oprations bancaires et un environnement favorable pour les investissements trangers ont fait le succs du pays.
Point faibles : Cependant, la situation conomique du pays, qui faisait partie des "tigres" de la Baltique, s'est rcemment dtriore. La crise conomique et financire de 2008-2009 a profondment affect le pays, le PIB a chut de 14% (chute parmi les plus importantes au monde, des taux de changes relevs et un taux de chmage trs lev (plus de 15% de la population active en juin 2009). pays est entr en rcession en 2009. La croissance est timidement redevenue positive en 2010, aux alentours de 1% seulement, et les prvisions tablent sur une reprise de plus de 4% par an ds 2011, notamment grce aux effets de l'entre du pays dans la zone Euro au 1er janvier 2011. LEstonie est considre comme lune des conomies les plus librales au monde.
Strengths: The 1th of May 2004, Estonia Becomes a member of the European Union. This country, which joined the EU on 1 May 2004, is an attractive location for investment in the Baltic Sea (one of the most European markets growing in recent years), with a strong economy. A balanced budget (constitutionally protected), a free trade regime, fully convertible currency, for a competitive banking and a favorable environment for foreign investment have made the success of the country. Weaknesses: However, the country's economic situation, which was part of the "tigers" of the Baltic, has recently deteriorated. The economic and financial crisis of 2008-2009 has deeply affected the country's GDP fell by 14% (fall among the largest in the world, exchange rates and records a very high unemployment rate (over 15% of labor force in June 2009). country went into recession in 2009. growth was timidly turned positive in 2010, around 1%, and forecasts indicate a return of over 4% per year from 2011, thanks the effects of the country's entry into the Eurozone on 1 January 2011. Estonia is considered one of the most liberal economies in the world.
Lagriculture 3% du PIB et emploie 3,7% de la population active. Le secteur industriel, 24,4% du PIB, occupe 35,5% de travailleurs estoniens. Les principaux secteurs industriels sont l'agroalimentaire (, l'lectronique, l'industrie chimique et l'industrie de la transformation du bois Secteur le plus dvelopp, les services 72,6% du PIB et emploie 60,3% dEstoniens. Le secteur des tlcommunication est le plus performant, lEstonie tant mme surnomme Estonie pour son avance en quipement et en R&D Internet. Core businesses Agriculture 3% of GDP and employs 3.7% of the workforce. The industrial sector, 24.4% of GDP, holds 35.5% of Estonian workers. The main industrial sectors are food processing (, electronics, chemical industry and wood processing Most developed sector, services 72.6% of GDP and employs 60.3% of Estonians. The telecommunications sector is the most efficient, Estonia is well known for its E-stonia advance in equipment and R & D Internet.
Les points forts Les principaux avantages du pays sont : - Une politique conomique solide et librale ; - Un climat favorable pour les affaires ; - Une main-duvre trs bien forme et flexible ; - Une position gographique qui le place au croisement de l'Europe et de la Russie ; - Son adhsion l'Union Europenne. Les points faibles Les principales faiblesses du pays sont : - La taille rduite de son march domestique ; - La prdominance des produits finlandais et sudois ; - Un pouvoir d'achat bien infrieur celui enregistr dans les autres pays de la rgion. Why invest in Estonia The strengths The main advantages of the country are: - Solid and liberal economic policy ; - A favorable climate for business; - A workforce highly trained and flexible; - A geographical location that places at the crossroads of Europe and Russia; - Its membership to the European Union. Weaknesses The main weaknesses are: - The small size of its domestic market; - The predominance of Finnish and Swedish products; - Purchasing power well below that recorded in other countries of the region.
Lettonie : Capitale : Riga. Taux de change: 1 LVL = 1.7948 USD, 1 USD = 0.5572 LVL Prvision de croissance du PIB : 4,0% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 10 838 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
Aprs avoir acquis son indpendance suite la chute de l'Union Sovitique, la Lettonie a mis en application des rformes orientes vers le march. L'conomie du pays a ds lors connu de bonnes performances, dues une croissance continue de la consommation domestique et l'apport des investissements trangers. De plus, la Lettonie est devenue membre de l'UE le 1er mai 2004. La Lettonie bnficie galement d'une main d'uvre bien forme et peu coteuse. Cependant, le pays a t trs durement touch par la crise financire de 2008-2009, le PIB ayant chut de 17% avec un taux de chmage atteignant les 17% en 2010,
economic situation After gaining its independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Latvia has been implementing market-oriented reforms. The economy has thence performed well, due to continued growth in domestic consumption and the contribution of foreign investment. In addition, Latvia joined the EU on 1 May 2004. Latvia also has a well trained workforce and inexpensive. However, the country has been hit hard by the financial crisis of 2008-2009, when GDP fell by 17% with an unemployment rate reaching 17% in 2010,
Le secteur agricole 4% du PIB et emploie 7,7% de la population., Le secteur industriel contribue 24% du PIB et emploie environ 28,6% de la main d'uvre. secteur tertiaire qui contribue 72,4% du PIB et emploie 63,5% de la population active lettone.
Agriculture 4% of GDP and employs 7.7% of the population., The industrial sector contributes to 24% of GDP and employs 28.6% of the workforce. services sector which contributes 72.4% of GDP and employs 63.5% of the labor force in Latvia.
The strengths The main advantages : - A skilled and cheap labor ; - Legislation of the European Union, conducive to investment; - A tax system simple and attractive; - A low level of taxation;
- A strategic geographic location for access to Russia and former Soviet republics. Weaknesses
- A small presence of foreign firms in the territory; - An economic instability and fluctuations in the market.
Lituanie :
Capitale : Vilnius Taux de change: 1 LTL = 0.3636 USD, 1 USD = 2.7503 LTL Prvision de croissance du PIB : 3,6% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 13 449 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
Au cours des dernires annes, l'conomie a connu une croissance importante (8% en moyenne). La consommation prive et les investissements trangers sont les principaux moteurs de la croissance conomique. La Lituanie a donc connu une rcession en 2009 se traduisant notamment par une baisse de la demande nationale. Le PIB a chut de 16,8% en 2009 et de 3% en 2010, mais semble se relever doucement.
Principaux secteurs d'activit
L'agriculture contribue 3,6% du PIB. secteurs industriels l'lectronique, les produits chimiques, les machines-outils, le traitement des mtaux, les matriaux de construction, llectro-manger, l'agroalimentaire, l'industrie lgre (y compris le textile), l'habillement, l'ameublement et les appareils mnagers. Enfin, les services contribuent prs de 60% du PIB, et le secteur des technologies de linformation et des communications est le plus important.
economic situation
In recent years the economy has grown significantly (8% on average). Private consumption and foreign investment are the main drivers of economic growth. Lithuania has experienced a recession in 2009 is reflected in particular by a decrease of domestic demand. GDP fell by 16.8% in 2009 and 3% in 2010, but seems to recover slowly. Core businesses Agriculture contributes 3.6% of GDP. industrial sectors electronics, chemicals, machine tools, metal processing, building materials, electroeating, food processing, light manufacturing (including textiles), clothing, furniture and appliances. Finally, services contribute nearly 60% of GDP, and the area of information technology and communications is the most important.
Strengths
the fastest growth of the European Union. diversified economy, a skilled workforce, one of the most developed road networks in the region, a stable and democratic political system .. Weaknesses
Pologne
capitale : Varsovie
Taux de change: 1 PLN = 0.2889 USD, 1 USD = 3.4615 PLN Prvision de croissance du PIB : 3,4% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 193 141 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
Membre de l'Union europenne depuis 2004, la Pologne a vu sa situation conomique se renforcer avec l'intgration communautaire. La croissance du PIB s'est leve 3,4% en 2010 et devrait se renforcer en 2011, soutenue par la demande interne et les investissements, trait caractristique des conomies en phase de rattrapage. Le taux de chmage a augment pendant la crise, atteignant 9,8% en 2010.
l'agriculture emploie moins de 20% de la population active et contribue environ 5% du PIB. Le pays est gnralement autosuffisant sur le plan alimentaire. L'industrie manufacturire 30% du PIB, le secteur tertiaire reprsente environ 65% du PIB.
economic situation Member of the European Union since 2004, Poland has seen its economy grow stronger with community integration. GDP growth totaled 3.4% in 2010 and is expected to strengthen in 2011, supported by domestic demand and investment, savings feature in a catching up. The unemployment rate increased during the crisis, reaching 9.8% in 2010. Core businesses Agriculture employs less than 20% of the labor force and contributes about 5% of GDP. The country is generally self-sufficient in food. The manufacturing industry 30% of GDP, the service sector represents about 65% of GDP.
Rpublique Tcheque Capitale : Prague Taux de change: 1 CZK = 0.0394 EUR, 1 EUR = 25.3796 CZK Prvision de croissance du PIB : 2,5% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 129 893 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
L'conomie de la Rpublique Tchque est l'une des plus dveloppes d'Europe Centrale et Orientale. Estime 2% pour 2010, la croissance du pays devrait se renforcer en 2011. L'inflation est reste sous contrle mais les fonds publics ont diminu Le taux de chmage a augment sous l'effet de la crise mondiale, se stabilisant 8% de la population active.
Principaux secteurs d'activit
Le secteur agricole 2% du PNB du pays et emploie plus de 3% de la population active. Le secteur de la production est surtout priv 40% du PNB et emploie 40% de la population active. Les services contribuent hauteur de 60% du PIB, et emploient plus de la moiti de la population active. Le secteur du tourisme est en plein boum, en particulier grce la ville de Prague, qui est un centre touristique trs attractif.
Why invest in the Czech Republic Strengths Good access to the European market, the quality of the workforce - A strong and independent central bank and a highly stable currency; - Rapid economic growth,. Weaknesses The country has also experienced political tensions, particularly in 2009, which may undermine its stability in the eyes of potential entrepreneurs. lack of manpower
Slovaquie
Capitale : Bratislava Taux de change: 1 EUR = 1.2569 USD, 1 USD = 0.7956 EUR Prvision de croissance du PIB : 4,3% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 50 678 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
Depuis 2000, la Slovaquie a connu un taux de croissance du PIB durable et stable, induit notamment par son intgration dans l'Union Europenne en mai 2004.
Le secteur agricole 3,5% du PIB.. Le secteur secondaire reprsente environ un tiers du PIB. Le secteur des services reprsente environ 60% du PIB..
economic situation Since 2000, Slovakia has experienced a growth rate of GDP sustainable and stable, induced in particular by its integration into the European Union in May 2004.
Core businesses The agriculture sector 3.5% of GDP .. The secondary sector accounts for approximately a third of GDP. The service sector represents about 60% of GDP ..
Why invest in Slovakia Strengths - At the heart of Europe; - A skilled labor ; - A significant growth potential; - The adoption of the euro since 1 January 2009, which helped to eliminate the exchange risk; - A cost of living cheap in comparison to the rest of Europe. Weaknesses - Very high energy costs. The country must import 90% because of its energy needs; low purchasing power.
Hongrie
Capitale : Budapest Taux de change: 1 HUF = 0.0033 EUR, 1 EUR = 299.6440 HUF Prvision de croissance du PIB : 2,9% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 91 933 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
Touche de plein fouet par la crise financire internationale, la Hongrie a d faire appel au Fonds Montaire International (FMI) pour viter la faillite. Aprs avoir connu une profonde rcession en 2009, le pays a renou avec une timide croissance en 2010, estime 0,6% du PIB et tire essentiellement par les exportations.
Principaux secteurs d'activit
Le secteur agricole, 4,5% du PNB et emploie environ 4% de la population active. Le secteur industriel compte pour un tiers du PNB du pays et est largement ouvert l'investissement tranger. Le secteur des services contribue pour prs des deux tiers du PNB..
economic situation Hit hard by the global financial crisis, Hungary had to appeal to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to avoid bankruptcy. After a deep recession in 2009, the country has returned a hesitant growth in 2010, estimated at 0.6% of GDP, driven mainly by exports. Core businesses The agricultural sector, 4.5% of GDP and employs about 4% of the workforce. The industrial sector accounts for a third of the country's GDP and is largely open to foreign investment. The services sector accounts for almost two-thirds of GDP ..
Strengths - Hungary is the most advanced country in Central Europe in terms of reforms; - Its financial system is one of the most developed area; - Its infrastructure, its labor force are of great quality; Weaknesses
- Debts of the state is at a high level; - The people has used loans in foreign currency and inflation
Slovenie
Capitale : Ljubljana Taux de change: 1 EUR = 1.2569 USD, 1 USD = 0.7956 EUR Prvision de croissance du PIB : 2,4% en 2013 Stocks d'IDE : 15 022 millions USD en 2010
Conjoncture conomique
En raison de sa stabilit et de son adhsion l'UE en mai 2004, l'conomie slovne affiche de bons rsultats depuis de nombreuses annes. d'un taux de chmage parmi les plus faibles d'Europe. Le FMI prvoit une croissance de 2,4% pour 2011.
Principaux secteurs d'activit
L'agriculture a 2,5% du PIB (par rapport 4,2% en 1995). Le secteur industriel reprsente environ un tiers du PIB. Historiquement, les industries dominantes en Slovnie sont les industries sylvicole, textile et mtallurgique. Depuis les annes 1980, les industries mcaniques (automobile, machines-outils) et les industries forte
valeur ajoute (lectronique, pharmacie, chimie) se sont beaucoup dveloppes. L'conomie slovne est de plus en plus base sur les services. Le secteur, qui reprsente plus de 60% du PIB, a connu une forte croissance ces dix dernires annes, en particulier dans les domaines des technologies de l'information et de la communication, des services financiers et commerciaux, du tourisme et de la distribution.
economic situation Because of its stability and its EU accession in May 2004, Slovenia's economy is performing well for many years. an unemployment rate among the lowest in Europe. The IMF forecasts a growth of 2.4% for 2011. Core businesses Agriculture has 2.5% of GDP (compared to 4.2% in 1995). The industrial sector accounts for approximately a third of GDP. Historically, the leading industries in Slovenia industries forestry, textile and metal. Since the 1980s, the engineering industries (automotive, machine tools) and high value added industries (electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals) have grown dramatically. The Slovenian economy is increasingly based on services. Sector, which represents over 60% of GDP, has grown substantially the last ten years, particularly in the areas of information technology and communications, financial services and trade, tourism and distribution .