Accounts Receivable records all accounting transactions related to business with customers.

Much of its data is obta c e o o n e s s t

An operating c concern is t central o the organization structure in profitab nal bility analys Each op sis. perating con ncern repres se cust tomer-defin ned) segmen of a busin can be monitored and its profi nt ness a fitability ana alyzed. A co orporate gro usually only requir one oper oup y res rating conce This op ern. perating con ncern is assi igned to all existing con oper rating conce Revenu are assig ern. ues gned directl to the ope ly erating conc cern from F FI.

The operating c e concern is divided into individual market segments for w d o which profit tability analyses can be carried out e t. profitability se egments. Th profitabi he ility segmen are defin using ch nts ned haracteristic selected b the user. cs by An operating 949n1324j concern uses the follow s wing charac cteristics to define its p profitability segments: Cus stomer Sale organizat es tion Dist tribution ch hannel Div vision Prod duct Stra ategic busin unit ness Sale district es Cou untry

As w G/L ac with ccounts and vendor acc d counts, cust tomer accou unts are als made up of two area so as: A cu ustomer acc count is def fined for all company c codes as clie level. Ge ent eneral data, such as the customer's address, is e s s Post tings canno be made to the accou in a com ot t unt mpany code until compa code-sp u any pecific settin have been made, su ngs uc

In th same wa as G/L ac he ay ccounts and vendor acc counts, custo omer accou can be c unts combined in various ac n ccount grou u man naged more easily. The accounts in an accoun group usu e n nt ually have similar chara acteristics. F example, you could have one account gro For d ou cust tomers abro one for affiliated customers, a one for one-time ac oad, and ccounts.

Alm all cust most tomer invoices and cred memos r dit reach Accou Receiv unts vable via the integrated SD module but it is a e d e, al for invoice/cre memo entry in exceptional ca edit ases. The en screen is divided in the area ntry nto as: Wor templates (here, you can select creation va rk u ariants, acco ount assignm templa ment ates, or held documents as referenc d s c Hea ader and cus stomer data (document header and customer l item da is entered here) t d line ata d Line item infor e rmation (the line items for the docu e ument are entered here e e) Info ormation are (the docu ea ument balan and info nce ormation about the cust tomer is displayed here e) This transaction can also be used to create docum s n b ments in for reign curren The foreign curren amount is translated ncy. ncy d exch hange rates. Not When en te: ntering revenue line item you mu also ente a profitab ms, ust er bility segme to which the revenu are poste ent h ues ed carr out for that segmen ried nt.

The R/3 System provides y with a t e m you tool that aut tomatically analyzes al the open items and d ll i duns any item that are o ms leve which is in accordan with the number of days in arr el, nce e f rears. The du unning leve determine which du el es unning charg g which dunning text is selected. A dun nning history keeps a re y ecord of wh dunning notices ha been iss hich g ave sued. You can trigger automatic dunning fo a single a u r or account (ind dividual dunning notic or you can have th dunning p ce), he sele ected numbe of accoun er nts.

Dun nning is con ntrolled by t dunning procedur A dunnin procedur must be entered in ev the g re. ng re e very accoun that is to b nt A du unning proc cedure that is valid for one-time cu ustomers is entered in o one-time ac ccounts. You can define as many different dun u e nning proced dures as you wish. The R/3 System comes wi a numbe of standar u e m ith er rd tem mplate for ad dditional pro ocedures.

You can specif how the d u fy dunning run is to be executed by e n entering par rameters in the dunnin program. You can us n ng s as a template an adjust th dates to m your re nd he meet equirements Typical p s. parameters are the comp a pany codes and accoun nt run. .

Dur ring the dun nning run, accounts ar selected a checked for overdu items. Th system th checks whether dun re and d ue he hen n relevant dunnin levels. A dunning d is store in a dunn ng All data ed ning proposal.

The dunning p e proposal ca be edited, deleted, an recreated as often as required u an nd d s until the accounting cler is satisfie rk e This step can b omitted. D s be Dunning no otices can be printed as soon as the dunning ru is finishe e e un ed.

In o step, the system pri one e ints the dunning notic and upd ces dates the dunning data in the accou and documents, wh n unts c h leve are enter in the do els red ocuments an accounts nd s.

The Accounts Receivable information system e e e enables you to carry ou quick ana u ut alyses of im mportant acc counting dat ta Due date b breakdown Customer p payment his story Currency r for cust risk tomers abro oad Overdue it tems Number of days ("DSO days") th a custom takes on average to pay an invo f hat mer n oice Customer c cash discou history (terms offere unt ed/terms tak ken)

The analyses are based o preselect datasets (views) tha have to be generated or updated at regular intervals by ese s on ted s at d d i y data abase. Not 1: Accoun Payable contains an Accounts Payable inf te nts n formation sy ystem that i structured in the sam way. is d me Not 2: You ca use the account anal te an lysis evalua ations to ana alyze individ custom accounts. dual mer

The sales orga e anizations a legally re are esponsible f sales in R/3. One co for ompany cod may cont several sales organ de tain l n Each sales orga anization ca use differ distrib an rent bution chan nnels to sell goods. In p principle, a d distribution channel ca n an

orga anizations. The combinatio of a sales organizati and a di e on s ion istribution c channel is al known a a distribu lso as ution chain n.

Mat terials are d divided into divisions in the R/3 Sy n ystem so tha a large vo at olume of different mate erials can be managed a grou uses the divisions m up motorcycles, paints, and foods, for example. , d The divisions a assigned to the distr e are d ribution cha from wh they can be sold. T combina ain hich The ation of dist tribution ch ha Cus stomer-spec cific arrange ements, rega arding partial deliveries or terms o payment, for exampl can be made for eac of le, m ch sepa arate marke eting activiti carried o within a sales area. ies out

A sa area (co ales ombination of sales org ganization, distribution channel, an division) must defin sales are n nd ne ea-specific s doin business with that cu ng ustomer. Th hese could b special conditions an terms of payments t the cust be nd f that tomer has a ar

The sales orde forms the basis of the sales proc e er e e cess. Once a customer h placed a order, a s has an sales order m be cre must ea orde is generat at the di er ted istribution c chain level. The ordere items can be from di ed n ifferent divi isions. The sales order i s post tings in Financial Acco ounting. Wh the sales order has been entere the syste carries o an availa hen ed, em out ability check On the day of s shipping, an outbound delivery d n d document is created. Billing for th delivery c only tak place wh s he can ke he war rehouse stoc and poste as a good issue. ck ed ds The warehouse manageme function is used for picking. A transfer or e e ent n r rder has to b created, w be which gener rates the pic c from the wareh m house and pr repared for delivery. The goods to be delivered are posted as a goods issue. A go e oods issue document is created in M and an accounting MM, n g goods issue is p posted to th correct G/ accounts he /L s. The last stage i the sales process is b e in billing. A bi illing docum is crea in SD, and a printe invoice is sent to the ment ated a ed s e crea in FI so that the receivables an revenues can be pos to the c ated o nd s sted correct acco ounts.

At t start of t new fisc year, the balance ca forward program is run, which ensures th the balan of the cu the the cal e arry d s h hat nce u new fiscal year The postin periods o the old fi w r. ng of iscal year ar then blocked and the special per re e riods for clo osing entries guar rantees that documents are posted without an technical errors. t s d ny Afte this, bala er ance confirm mations are sent, foreign currency documents are valuated, value adj n justments ar carried ou re u fina ancial statem ment. The special per e riods can then be closed d. Bala ance confirm mations, for reign curren valuatio and rec ncy ons, classification are carrie out in the same way as in Acco ns ed e y ou concentrates on how value adjustmen are perfo n e nts ormed. Not Differen financial s te: nt statement pr reparations may be nec cessary in ce ertain count tries. Your t trainer will be able to e ex you country. ur Exe ercises: To access Acco a ounts Rece eivable: Acc counting 1-1 Financial a accounting Account receivable ts

Creatin a custom list ng mer Re eports for Ac ccounts Rec ceivable Ac ccounting Master Data Cust tomer List

ormation system Info

1-1- Creatin a custom list for all custommers -1 ng mer Create a list of all custome in the co f ers ompany cod 0600. de 1-1- Create a list for an account g -2 group Use a dynamic selection to create a list of all cus e o stomers in a account grou ENMA. up 1-2 Mainta aining custo omer maste records er Change e

Mas records ster

1-2- Using t address attributes search -1 the s s Determine the account num mber of the customer u using the sea arch per add dress attribu utes. Use th postal cod as search he de h ___ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __ 1-2- Enterin changes -2 ng Mak the chang to the cu ke ges ustomer ma aster record. 1-2- Make c -3 changes for a differen company code? r nt y 1-3 Trackin changes ng s

that s n d, document is created for every chan made, recording th s r nge r he So t changes to master records can be tracked a change d 1-3- Display -1 ying change documents e Mas records ster Display changes y

1-3- Display -2 ying change to multip account es ple ts To s what ch see hanges were made to all customer a e accounts today, start th related pr he rogram. Info ormation system Re eports for Ac ccounts Rec ceivable Ac ccounting Master Data Disp Change to Custom play es m

Do ocument Info

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