Bio184GeneralGenetics Spring2012Telleen GeneticsPracticeProblemsforExam4

Additionalpracticequestions/problemsfromthetextbook: Chapter2allthatdonotrequirebinomialexpansionequation Chapter4C1,2,4,624.2628;E115 Chapter6C2,5,6,915;E1,524 1.WhatwouldbetheGenotypicandPhenotypicratiosfromeachofthefollowingcrosses: A.GgKkhhxGgkkHh B.PPRrYyxPpRRYy C.TtRryyAaxTtrrYYAa D.AaBbCCDdeexAabbCcDdEe 2.Congenitalanalgesia(theinabilitytofeelintensepain)iscontrolledbyasinglegene,wherethe recessiveallele,p,causescongenitalanalgesia(CA)whenhomozygous.Acouple,bothofwhomare heterozygousfortheCAallele,decidetostartafamily,buttheyareworriedaboutCAsinceitisknown toruninbothoftheirfamilies. A.WhatistheprobabilitythattheirfirstchildwillnotbeafflictedwithCA? B.WhatistheprobabilitythattheirfirstchildwillbeaboyafflictedwithCA? C.WhatistheprobabilitythatalloftheirfirstthreechildrenwillhaveCA? D.Ifthecouplehas3children,whatistheprobabilitythatatleastoneofthemwillbeafflicted withCA? 3.Ingardenpea,flowercoloriscontrolledbyasinglegenewhereA=purpleflowersanda=white flowers.SeedshapeandcolorarealsosimpletraitswithtwoalleleswhereYproducesyellowseeds(y producesgreenseeds)andRleadstoroundseeds(r=wrinkled).Youperformacrossbetweenapurple flowered,yellow/roundseededplantthatisheterozygousforallthreegeneswithanF1plantproduced fromacrossbetweenapurebreedingpurpleflowered,yellow/wrinkledseededparentanda purebreedingwhiteflowered,green/wrinkledseededplant. A.Listthegenotypesofeachoftheplantsinyourcross. B.WhatfractionoftheprogenyfromyourcrossareexpectedtobePurplefloweredwithyellow/ wrinkledseeds?Ifyoucount1000offspring,howmanyareexpectedtobeinthiscategory? C.WhatfractionoftheprogenyareexpectedtobePurplefloweredorYellowseededor Wrinkledseeded?

4.Youareworkingwithseveralgenesintomatothatyouthinkmightbelinked.Onegene,T,controls theformationoftrichomes(leafhairs),whiletherecessiveallele,t,leadstotrichomelessplantswhen homozygous.ThereisalsoagenecontrollingfruitcolorwhereR(red)isdominanttor(yellow). A.Alabmatehasdoneacrosstodetermineifthetrichomeandfruitcolorgenesarelinkedbycrossing aplantwithyellowfruitandlackingtrichomestoanotherparentwithtrichomesandredfruitto produceanF1usedinatestcross.SheobtainedthefollowingF2data: Trichomes,Redfruit 400 Trichomes,Yellowfruit 150 Trichomeless,Redfruit 174 Trichomeless,Yellowfruit 476 Arethesegeneslinked?Supportyouranswerwithstatistics (i.e.performaChisquareanalysis,dontforgettostateyournullhypothesis) B.Yourlabhasrecentlyidentifiedanewgenethatconfersresistancetoaphids(D)andisdominantto thewildtype(m)susceptiblestrains.Somepreliminarydatasuggeststhatitmightbelinkedtothe trichomeandfruitcolorgenes.Youcrossatripleheterozygotetoatrichomeless,yellowfruited,aphid susceptibleplanttoproduceanF2andobtainthefollowingF2data: Trichomes,Redfruit,AphidResistant 12 Trichomeless,Yellowfruit,Aphidsusceptible 10 Trichomes,Redfruit,AphidSusceptible 180 Trichomless,Yellowfruit,AphidResistant 150 Trichomes,Yellowfruit,Aphidsusceptible 210 Trichomeless,Redfruit,AphidResistant 209 Trichomes,Yellowfruit,AphidResistant 250 Trichomeless,Redfruit,AphidSusceptible 279 1.WhataretheoriginalparentgenotypesandphenotypesusedtoproducetheF1? 2.Createalinkagemapbetweenthesethreegenes. 3.IsthereInterferenceinthisregionofthechromosome? C.Youdecidetoperformanothercrosstoconfirmyourresults.YouproduceanF1bycrossinga Trichomed,Redfruited,AphidresistantplanttoaTrichomeless,Yellowfruited,Aphidsusceptible plant.GivenyourlinkagemapandInterferencefrompartB,whatwouldyouexpectanF2mapping populationof2000offspringtolook?

5.Inhumans,HemophiliaAisanXlinkedrecessivedisorderthatiscausedbyamutationinthegene encodingFactorVIII,animportantproteininbloodthatplaysakeyroleinbloodclotting.Peoplewho sufferfromHemophiliaAhaveadeficiencyinFactorVIIIproteinleadingtolackofbloodclotting.The diseasealleleisoftenrepresentedbyXh,whilethewildtypealleleisXH.Acoupleisconsidering havingchildren,butthepotentialmotherisconcernedbecausealthoughneitherhernorherhusband sufferfromhemophiliaA,herfatherdoes. A.WhatistheprobabilitythattheirfirstchildwillhaveHemophiliaA? B.Whatistheprobabilitythattheirfirstdaughterwillsufferfromthedisease?Firstson? C.Whatistheprobabilitythatatleastoneoftheirfirst2childrenwillhaveHemophiliaA? D.Whatistheprobabilitythatatanyoftheirfirst3childrenwillsufferfromthedisease? 6.Thegeneticsofeyecolorinhumansarecomplicatedandinvolvemanydifferentgenes.However,two genesinparticularleadtoGreen,Brown,andBlueeyecolors.OnegenecalledEYCL1islocatedon chromosome19.Thedominantallele,G,leadstogreeneyecolor,whiletherecessiveallele,g,leadsto blueeyes.Theothergene,calledEYCL3,islocatedonchromosome15anddetermineswhethereyes arebrown(B)orblue(b).However,thereareepistaticrelationshipsbetweenthesegenes:Browncolor willmaskGreencolor,whilcbothBrownorGreenwillmaskBlue.Thewomanfromquestion5has Greeneyes,butherfatherhadbrowneyesandhermotherhadblueeyes.Themanfromquestion5has Browneyeslikehisfather,whilehismother(andherentirefamily)allhaveGreeneyes.Hisfathers sideofthefamilyhaseitherBrownorBlueeyes,butnotGreen. A.Whatarethegenotypesofthecouplefromquestion5? B.WhatistheprobabilityofhavingachildwithBlueeyes? C.WhatistheprobabilitythatthewillhaveaBlueeyeddaughter? WithhemophiliaA?WithoutHemophiliaA? D.WhatistheprobabilityofhavingaGreeneyedsonwithoutHemophiliaA? E.Whatistheprobabilitythattheirfirst2childrenwillhaveeitherGreenorBlueeyesandnot haveHemophiliaA?

7.PoisonArrowfrogs,nativetoSouthAmerica,canbetoxicbecausetheycanproduceatoxinthatis secretedthroughtheirskin.However,toxicityvariesbetweenindividualsinthepopulation.Inonecross between2nontoxicindividuals,theoffspringarealltoxic.Afternoticingthis,youdecidetocross thesetoxicoffspringtoeachotherandpoolthedatafromeachindividualcross.Youobtainthe followingresultsfromtheF1xF1crosses: 815Toxicfrogs 632Nontoxicfrogs A.Howcanyouexplainthisresult?(i.e.proposeahypothesisinvolvingoneormoregenes) B.PerformaChisquaretesttotestyourhypothesisusingthedataabove.

8.Coatcolorinhorsesiscontrolledbymanygenes.Consider3ofthemtoanswerthefollowing questions.Onegene,calledExtension,hastwoalleles:Eisdominantandresultsinblackpigment, whileeisrecessiveandleadstoredpigment.Anothergene,Agouti,controlsthedistributionofblack pigment.A(agouti)isdominanttoa(nonagouti).Agoutionlyinfluencesthecoatcolorifthe individualcanalreadymakeblackpigment(E),resultinginacoatcolorcalledBay.Athirdgene, Champagne,hastwoalleles(Ch=champagne;ch=nonchampagne)andhasvariableeffectsoncoat colordependingonthegenotypeattheothertwogenes.ChampagnemodifiesBaytoTan;Blackto DarkTan;andRedtoGold. A.Howmanypossiblegenotypescanresultineachofthesixpossiblecoatcolors? B.Whatisthecoatcolorofindividualswiththefollowinggenotypes? 1. EeAaChch 2. eeAachch C.WhatistheexpectedphenotypicratioifthetwohorsesfromBarebred?