SaizangMI Khuate No Khua 1 Kapteel 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Saizang Mualpi Zampi Thalmual Thangzang Phaiza Teklui Tuitawh Vongmual Lailo Sezang

Tualzang Sangmin Government Primary School State Middle School Government Primary School State Middle School Government Primary School State Middle School Government Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School State Primary School Hon kum 1-4-1937 1-8-1952 (Tedimgam ah masa) 1-4-1941 1-6-1977 1-4-1941 3-6-1968 1941? 1954 1954 1959 1961 1961 1963 1966 1975 1975 Khuasat hun 1867 1400 pawl 1902 1906 1898 1922 1890 1918 ? 1904 ? 1904 1900

New Tedim Literature (Zolaay/Tedimlaay) Mr. Tungg Thang's research and doing analysis on Tedim Language is progressing. By the time being, he is almost finish his work on introducing the Tedim language. Probably, the publication will be available next year. Amidst many hardships and oppositions, he is nearly done his work. Even though some oppose his work on Tedim Literature, those who encourages are more than them all. Therefore, he believes that his work will be prevailed in the near future. He found that Zolai is still in the level of Communication, and it is needed to develop to "Literature Level." INFORMATION ON NEW TEDIM LITERATURE Greetings in the name of the Lord our God from Yangon, Myanmar. Since the year 2002, I have a burning desire to uplift and develop the Tedim Literature, especially its phonology, morphology and its orthography basing on the great missionary Revd. J.H. Copes work. I based and traced the pace of Phonological steps. I understood Copes work as English based Tedim Dialect (Maang Tuallai), and it is very common that it cannot give specific meanings in most of its vocabularies, and nowadays no body is satisfied with Copes Orthography and they create their own spellings and the spellings are different from one person to another and the quality of Tedim Literature becomes an un-quality literatured situation. Moreover, as it was named Seven-day Literature (Ni Sagih Lai), it can easily be written after learning just one week of study. Here, I dont mean to abandon Copes work but I would rather mean to develop basing on his work. Therefore, I began my work as analyzing the Tedim literature to be a Standard Literature without any authority vested upon me. I realized that God (not man) gave authority upon me; this is the crucial important point that I work such a great deal. It is a voluntary work for the welfare of the whole Tedim people. Then, I thought, in order to do this great project I need to pursue a certificate in Linguistics, so I attended Linguistics seminar in May 2004 and it helps me thoroughly to trace the uniqueness of Tedim Literature especially in its phonology. My goal is to introduce and create a Tedim contextual literature (Zo Tuallai). And it will not be possible to write or read within Seven days as before, but it will take more time to be able to write or read because it is now shifting to a Standard Literature. This work copes with the whole literature of Tedim language, not just for an article or a book. This work came out as the result of inspiration I had been dreaming to produce a Tedim Dictionary and I realized that it is impossible to use Copes work of Tedim orthography. Firstly, I wish I could consult the linguistics to develop the spelling of Tedim Literature. But finally, I have realized that if I consult the linguistics, they will introduce like the circumflex and the umlauts as in German and French. So, I dont want to consult any linguistics anymore because I have some facts to find and create new spellings. The old Tedim orthography is no longer effective in this New Century (21st Century) and it needs to develop with a new form of idea. When I dreamed to establish a Tedim Literature Ministry, it is the main cause that encouraged me to identify the Tedim spelling clearly. The main idea is to use only the English alphabets (A to z), but not the umlauts, and circumflex etc. Alphabets: A (aa not ei), B, C (ci not si), D, E (ee not i), F, G (zi), H, I (ii not ai), J (ze), K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U (uu not zu), V, W, X (eg), Y, Z Amidst many adversities and hardships, I finished with my work of Analytical Study of Tedim Language in March 2007, a five-year survey.I praised God for having given me such a great success. I named my work as Philology of Tedim Literature and Its Morphology, it basically emphasized on one syllable that is a mistakable spelling, I mean two syllables are understandable. This kind of work never appears so far. To uplift our Literature needs to do the morphological words of the whole Language. Without doing such work the literature will not stand firm and take root among the Tedim people. If we dont uplift or develop our literature, someday it will really extinct. The phonology and the morphology are the basic roots to maintain a literature for long.

As the author is not a linguist, his emphasis is mainly on the sounds and voices of each vocabulary. He analyzes on each word and differentiates one from each other. Therefore, one vocabulary may give an exact definition. But there are still common sounds but different meanings, and these will be identified according to the complete sentence. The Steps Based in this Philology: Accurately Analyzed: This philological work is thoroughly analyzed again and again, and it took over four years. Throughout this study the idea is not changed but the written forms are changed from one year after another. Methodology: The Linguistics approach: Phonological steps. Objectives: To reduce homographs and increase monographs in order to become a standard literature. Goal: The Tedim Language be a Standard Literature and it will be a learnable language systematically as other languages do. Tedim Literature will become a Life-Long Learning Literature rather than Seven-day Literature. Orthography Shift: From this study, formerly the spelling of Zolai shifted to Zolaay. The Rules: To use English alphabets (A to Z)- umlaut & circumflex, etc. are denied; shortest spellings are preferred; one word must identify one meaning- to differentiate from common words. Mostly basing on Paite, Thado, Zolai literature. Expected Outcomes: By doing this morphological study, the Tedim Language speakers will be convinced in a new way that it has broad vocabularies and great value in their Language and it will help them improve to love their Language and their literature more than ever before. Note: The author used Language instead of Dialect because he discovered that when he has been studied Tedim Language accurately, it is qualified to name Language instead of Dialect. His book will be published in November and hope that will be available in December 2012, ten-year anniversary of analytical work. For instance, Study this name: Mang Tungg Thang (formerly written as Mang Tung Thang) Explanation: Mang means obey (not Maang=lord), Tungg means on (not Tung=put upright). Let me introduce the basic tone of Tedim Language: Tone 1: natural ( )tone 2: low ( )tone 3: rising ( )tone 4: high ( ) 1. taa (act), ta (contain), ta (son/daughter), tanu (daughter) 2. ci (suffix), cy (salt)/chi(say), cj (physical), cithag (scabies) 3. bual (swim), bwal (lake), buall- (adv)4. tau (wristlets), tao (platform), tauu (moan)5. zawl (joist), yawl (best friend), jawl (oblong)6. hawm (distribute), howm (share), haum (empty)7. suang (rely on), swang (protrude), suanq (stone)8. teek (senile), textex, tek (teklwi), teq (each) 9. tel (cause), tehl (lop sided), tell (convince)10. taak (drop), tax(dropping)/tag(right), tak (smart), taqqeh(exclamation for encouragement) 11. kha (soul), xa (moon), qa (bitter), qateh(crumb fall from mouth) 12. za (wide), ya (hundred), ja (hear), jalyan (high rank) 13. lei (tongue),ley (bridge), leii (buy)14. taang(Mr)/tang(fast), tang(move)/tangh(solid) taanq(instead)/tanq(seed), tang (tree) 15. ciang (basket), cyang (vale, gorge), cianq/cjang (stick), ciang' (when) 16. naa (pain), nha (thing), na (you/your) 17. sim (read), sym (hot region), simm (fight) 18. liim (saliim), lhim (shadow), lirm 19. lim (taste), lym, limm (picture) Numbers: 1- xat, 2- nih, 3- thum, 4-lii, 5- ngaa, 6- gug, 7- sagih, 8- giat, 9- kua, 10- sowm

The Primary Sources of the soon coming publication are: (1) Language, Grimms Law, s.v. Encarta Encyclopedia (CD-Rom), 1999 Edition (2) Philology, and Phonology, s.v. Encarta Encyclopedia (CD-Rom), 2005 Deluxe Edition. (3) Vul Za Thang & J. Gin Za Twang, Chin-English Dictionary (Tiddim Chin), (Tiddim: 1953/ 1974) (4) ST. Hau Go, Tedim Labu (Yangon) (5) Phonetics, Phonology, Orthography in Linguistics Introduction For Translation (LIFT), Student Handbook (WNC, 2001). (6) Dr. Yam Kho Pau, Hinkko Thusim Theihpehna, Tedim Zomi Christiante AD 2000 Kum Siangtho Thunget Khopna (Yangon: 2005). (7) Chinzam Tawmbing, English Paite Dictionary (Bungmual: 1993) (8) Nitasakorn Shiwaruangrote, A Phonological Study of Yangon Burmese (MA, Linguistics Thesis, Bangkok: Mahidol University, 2000). (9) Eugenie J A. Henderson, Tiddim Chin: A Descriptive Analysis of Two Texts (London: Oxford University Press, 1965). (10) Pau Cin Hau Lai.