Inch-Mtr (IM) & Inch-Dia (ID)

Inch-Mtr
When a Pipe oI 1 Inch Dia having a length oI 1
Mtr is installed, it is termed as 1 Inch-Mtr.
(Ex. 6 Inch Pipe, Length 5 Mtr 6 x 5 30 IM)
Inch-Dia
When a Pipe oI 1 Inch Dia Size is welded having 1
joint, it is termed as 1 Inch-Dia.
(Ex. 10 Inch Pipe, 4 Joints 10 x 4 40 ID)

ManHour, ManDay & ManMonth
ManHour
When 1 Worker works Ior 1 Hour, it is said 1 MH oI work.
(Ex. 2 Workers worked 8 Hrs 2 x 8 16 MH)
ManDay
When 1 Worker works Ior 1 Day, it is said 1 MD oI work
(Ex. 3 Workers worked 7 Days 3 x 7 21 MD)
ManMonth
When 1 Worker works Ior 1 Mth, it is said 1 MM oI work
(Ex. 8 Workers worked Ior 5 Mths 8 x 5 40 MM)

Piping Rates Quotation Basis
1) Per Mtr
2) Per Inch-Mtr
3) Per Inch-Dia
4) Per MT
5) Lumpsum

Piping Welding Productivity
Normal Figures as per the Average working oI
any Company, certain Norms are as below
a) Shop Floor 50 - 60 ID / Day / Welder
(Marking, Cutting, Grinding, Tacking etc..)
b) Erection at Site 25 - 30 ID / Day / Welder
(Laying, Fit-up, Welding, Testing etc..)

Piping Fabrication from Plates
Normally, above 30 Inch Size Pipes are
PreIabricated out oI Plates by Rolling &
Welding.
Plate Bending Machine is very much
important aspect in this Fabrication. It is
SpeciIied as Thk (mm) x Wiath (Mtr)

Related Piping Works

Pipe Supports Fabrication & Erection

Mitres Fabrication (Tee, Reducer, Elbow ..)

Insulation (Hot & Cold)

Sand Blasting (SA 2 )

Painting (Primer, Intermediate, Final)

Hydro Testing

Chemical Cleaning etc..

Jarious AD1 Requirements

Visual Inspection

Radiography (X Ray, Gamma Ray)

DP / MP Testing

Vacuum Box Testing

Ultrasonic testing (UT) etc..

Jarious Piping Materials

CS API 5L, A 106 Gr B (IBR, Non IBR)

LTCS A333 Gr 6

AS A335 Gr P1, P11, P22

SS 304, 304 L, 316, 316 L, 347 H

GI IS 1239

HDPE / Plastic

C.I. / Cement Pipes

Cement Lined

PIPIAC EREC1IOA 1YPES PIPIAC EREC1IOA 1YPES
a) Unit Piping
Involved within the plant mostly coming on Equipments & has more
number oI welding joints is reIerred as Unit Piping.
b) Offsite / Rack / Yara Piping
Involved within the plant mostly on Racks & across the plant, but has
less number oI welding joints is reIerred as OIIsite Piping.
c) Cross country Piping
Out oI plant mostly coming across the cities & has naturally less
number oI welding joints is reIerred as Cross-country Piping. (Oil,
Gas, Water)
a) Unaer Grouna Piping
Involved under the ground / buried may be within or outside the plant
& has less number oI welding joints is reIerred as Underground Piping

Ratio of Inch-Mtr to Inch-Dia (Appr.)

Unit Piping 1.5 to 2.0

OIIsite / Rack / Yard Piping 3.5 to 4.0

Cross-Country Piping 10.0 to 12.0

Under-Ground Piping 4.0 to 6.0

IM & ID Calculations from Isometrics

Piping Material wise Grouping

Sizewize Grouping

Number oI Fittings

Valves (Welded / Bolted)

Piping Cangs
a) Piping Prefabrication
Pipe Fabricator, Gas Cutter, Tack Welder,
Grinder, Helper
b) Piping Erection
Pipe Fitter, Tack Welder, Rigger, Helper
c) Piping Welaing
QualiIied Welder, Rigger, Helper

Weighted Inch-Dia
Piping involves various types oI Schedules. To estimate
Man-hours, Consumables etc.. Ior each Schedule, it is
really a tough task. Hence, all welding Inch-Dia are
converted to a 40 Schedule as a base. On this basis costing
is done, which becomes easier. This is callea Weighea
Inch-Dia.
Example
Si:e Sch Thk Actual ID Wightea ID
6 Dia 40 6 mm 100D 100D
6 Dia 120 18 mm 100D 300D

Direct Cost
Direct Labor
Direct Supervision
Consumables
R & M oI Tools / Tackles & Vehicles
Rental Charges oI Equipments
Power & Water consumption

Indirect Cost
Administrative StaII
Indirect Labor
Accommodation
Tools / Tackles & Vehicles Depreciation
Insurance
Preparatory Expenses
Travel
Bank Guarantees
General Expenses
Guarantee Obligation

1otal Price
Direct Expenses
Indirect Expenses +
Material Supplies +
Subcontracting Charges
Taxes & Duties
Agents Commission
Overheads
ProIits