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Table of contents
Contents Acknowledgement Letter transmittal Objective of the report Abstract Introduction Part I The Company Site Location Mission and vision statement Core values Corporate structure Organizational structure ................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................
Page Nos. i ii iii iv v
.................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................
1 1 2 2 3 4
The Sto. Tomas II Ore Deposit Location Geology Lithology History and production Mining method Part II Divisions and Departments
.................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................
5 5 6 10 12-20 21-32
....................................
33
The administrative division The human resource department The safety department The geology department
.................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................
33 33 33 35
PHILEX MINING CORPORATION
The Mine Division
A. Planning department
..........................
40
B. Mine development department
..........................
43
C. Mine production department
..........................
44
D. Mechanical/Electrical services Group .........................
45
The Mill Division
...........................
46
A. Mill maintenance
...........................
46
B. Metallurgy department
.............................
46
C. Metallurgy test and research section
............................
48
D. Mill Engineering section
.............................
48
E. Assay department
............................
48
F. Tailings pond
...........................
49
Environmental and Community Relation
A. Environmental management
....................................
B. Labor relations
....................................
C. Community development
....................................
D. The security department
....................................
E. Major awards/citations
....................................
Part III-Appendix A. B. Pictorials Other documents
....................................... ....................................... ....................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The worth remembering experiences, the breath taking challenges, the learning adventures - these would be nothing without the presence of the following persons whom I awe a lot my thanks in allowing me to experience all of those first time and unforgettable remarks in my life. Allow me to acknowledge the names of the following persons who serve as my inspiration in accomplishing this terminal report. Without your presence, I would not have a great on-the-job-training and this report would not have been written. To our Heavenly Father, I am very much thankful for the ever burning guidance and protection. Your presence serves as our provider of light when we are in darkness, our best guide when we are lost and our savior when I am at risk. To my family, Daddy Kid, Mamang Bon, Joy, Jr, and Jalal for their never ending love and untiring support both in moral and financial aspects. You serve as my strength especially when challenges come. To Engr. Osita L. Catipay, Chair-Mining Engineering Department for giving us the privilege to undergone the said Mine and Mill Practice in Philex. Even you are in difficulties emotionally, your still always there for us as our second mother. To Engr. Armando L. Malicse, for imparting his knowledge in safety and structural geology. The lessons we took up give us an early overview on the different conditions in underground. To Engr. Ramon G. Roa, for the dedication in teaching the principles and theories inside underground mining, rock mechanics and mineral exploration. Your teachings were never been wasted as we applied it in underground duties. To Engr. Samuel O. Tagsip, for sharing his knowledge in all metallurgical subjects. Our discussions give us an edge from our fellows. To Engr.Pepito T. Echavez, for imparting his knowledge in underground surveying. It helped us to easily understand the activity procedures in the surveys underground. To all the managers, supervisors, coordinators, miners, for all the knowledge and information shared to us. Your enthusiasm and generosity are worth recognizing.
To Sir Cocoy and Maam Sherryl, for all the patience and in making this OJT memorable.
To Mommy Julia, Mommy Julia, Mommy Louei, Mommy Weng, Mommy Marlyn and Mommy Judith for the unconditional love and for the best effort you exerted just to meet our wants. To all my fellow OJTs, our bonding experiences, our cultural differences, our
exchange of laughter and unique individual characteristics made this whole training unforgettable. Especial mention to all my group mates whom I shared most of my time in my underground duties, both in serious and funny moments. I will miss our stupid moments underground. Thank you Joseph, Leomar, Vincent, Billy, Carol, Mark, and Earvin. You will be always treasured and remembered.
ABSTRACT
The Mine and Mill Practices accomplished in Philex Mining Corporation in Padcal, Tuba , Benguet, which lasted for 45 days was chiefly the application of the theories and lectures studied from school. This report discusses the history of Philex Mining Corporation and its ore body, which is the Sto. Thomas II and three main divisions of operation were tackled.
In Mine Divisions, the paper focuses on the mine planning and design, development and production of the mine with some figures, tables and plans.
In Geology Division, the district and regional setting of the ore body were presented with the help of cross-sections, figures and maps. It also comprises of lectures regarding the exploration, mineralogy and petrography, ore reserve, underground sampling and mapping, diamond drilling and core logging and engineering geology.
In Metallurgical Division, the milling process undergone by the proper run of mine ore from the primary crusher up to its concentrate and how the valuable metal contained in the ore were treated to be able to separate from its gangue.
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE TRAINING
To become green and responsible mineral extraction company is a greatest challenge to all mining companies here in the Philippines. This is to answer the challenge given by antimining organizations. Today is the best time for everyone in the mining industry to stand and open the mine of those one sided individuals.
MINING, as one of the basic industry responsible for the development of the modern civilization, is also held as the prime mover that leads man to technology advancement.
Since minerals, the basic raw materials for technological manufacturing, are nowhere to found, explorations and development have always been found.
The prime purpose of this report is to acquire knowledge, information and skills in different aspects based on the actual observation on the daily activities in mining operation during the forty five days of training at Philex Mining Corporation. Through this training, the student trainee were exposed and became aware to all actual events that occur in the field and became motivated in pursuing the chosen careers.
Having enough knowledge in mining operations and became exposed in one of the most known responsible mining company of the country, the trainees are assumed to be prepared on their role as one of the prime movers and good ambassador for green mining.
This report aims to impart knowledge to the interested readers especially the Mining Engineering students who wish and plan to undergo their Summer Mine and Mill practice in Philex Mining Corporation.
INTRODUCTION
Mine and Mill Practice is a pre-requisite subject in compliance in the Bachelor of Science in Mining Engineering course. This 6-unit subject undertaking is offered every summer term intended to pre-senior student and served as the actual application of the theories learned from school for it to be more effective. Its prime purpose is to expose the students to the actual scenario of his/her profession.
And so this year, eight (8) of the Cebu Institute of Technology - University Mining Engineering pre-senior students were sent to undergo their Mine and Mill practice at Philex Mining Corporation in Padcal, Tuba, Benguet, Philippines. Truly, Philex Mining Corporation is a gift of God, a work of Man, striving to become a world-class mineral extracting company.
In order to share our experiences especially to the Mining Engineering students who have not yet undergo their practice, the students consolidated all they had learned about the company to generate this report. This is based on the students observations and evaluations during the actual operation. This report will serve as guide to the succeeding trainees.
GENERAL TRAINING SCHEDULE
Area / Activity Processing of Papers Policy Orientation a. Philex (History, VMG, etc) b. Security
Duration 7:30 AM 4:00 PM
Schedule Date April 10, 2012
7:00 AM 4:00 PM c. Camp Administration d. Community Development e. Environment Safety Policies / Productivity Community Development / Forestry and Tailing Pond Tour Geology / Exploration Exposure Rest Day MINE PLANNING AND DESIGN SECTION(c/o BS PALMA) MINE SURVEYING SECTION(c/o R.S FIDELLO) DRAW CONTROL SECTION (c/o BL Tamargo) 7:00 AM - 4:00 PM
April 11, 2012
April 12, 2012
7:00 AM - 4:00 PM
April 13, 2012
7:00 AM - 4:00 PM
April 14, 2012 April 15, 2012
8 hrs.x 2 days =16hrs.
April16-17, 2012
8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs.
April 18-19, 2012
8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs.
April 20-21, 2012 Rock Mechanics Section (c/o J.E AGUSTIN) 8 hrs.x 2 days= 16 hrs. April 22-23, 2012 Mine Development (c/o Shift Managers and Development Supervisors) April 24 26, 2012 April 27 29, 2012 April 30-May02, 2012 May 03 May 06, 2012
Vertical Driving
3 days
Horizontal Driving and Rock Bolting
3 days
Rock Support Installation
3 days
Fanhole Drilling
4 days
Mine Production (c/o Shift Managers and Production Supervisors) May 07 09, 2012 May 10 12, 2012 May 13 16, 2012 May 17 19, 2012 May 20 21,
Rock breaking
3 days
Ore Extraction/Scooping/LHD
3 days
Operation Ore Rehandling
4 days
CHC and FBC Operation
3 days
ASSAY Lab (c/o E.A Aquino)
2 days x 8 hrs. = 16
10
hrs. Mill Plant Terminal Report Writing Evaluation Panel Interview Home Sweet Home 1 day 1 day 1 day 1 day
2012 May 22, 2012 May 23, 2012 May 24, 2012 May 25, 2012 May 26, 2012
I. The Company
Company Profile Name of Company: Philex Mining Corporation Address: Camp 3, Tuba, Padcal, Benguet Telephone Number: (0919)24208126 or (074)4427278 Fax Number: (0973)729161 Company Classification: Mining Company Year Incorporated: 1955 Location of Mill Plant: Ampucao, Itogon, Benguet Location of Mine Camp: The Mine Camp is 17 aerial kilometers southeast of Baguio City Name of Orebody: Sto. Tomas II Orebody Type of Mineralization: Porphyry Copper
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Products: Copper (main), Gold and Silver (by-products) Mining Method: Underground Block Caving using Load-Haul-Dump Market: Pasar, Leyte/Centrotrade, Japan Year Operation Started: 1958 Initial Ore Reserve: 18.0 million metric tons with 0.90%Cu and 0.977gram Au/ton Initial and Present Production Rate: 800 tons per day and 26,000 MT per day respectively
Vision Statement
To be highly respected word-class natural resource company committed to deliver excellent value to its investors, employees and other stakeholders.
Mission Statement
We are a responsible mining corporation that discovers and processes minerals and energy resources for the use of society.
Core Values
Work Excellence
Produces work results in a timely accurate and safe manner Constantly learns, innovates, amends, and improves services and processes Consistently delivers superior quality of work
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Social and Environmental Responsibility

Shows genuine concern toward its host communities to improve quality of life Supports and practices the environment, safety, and health guidelines of Philex Mining Corporation rkActively participates in the companys community development and environment programs
Integrity
Practices honesty and sincerity in word and deed Honors commitments Speaks up when situations warrant commendation or correction
Teamwork
Listens to and considers ideas or points of view of others Extends help while respecting the roles of others in doing the job Acknowledges team effort in success and collective responsibility over failure
Respect for Individuals

Practices gender and cultural sensitivity Shows an authentic concern to promote individual welfare Examines own biases and behavior to avoid judgmental reactions
PHILEX MINING CORPORATION 13
Corporate Responsibility
Advocates Philex as a responsible mining company Manifests core values in both professional and personal circumstances Upholds the Philex Code of Conduct
HISTORY OF THE MINE Philex Mining Corporation was incorporated in 1955. It is one of ther elatively new large-scale mining companies in Benguet. Lepanto Mining Corporation operating in the Municipality of Mankayan, for example, has been in Benguet since 1936 while Benguet Corporation (known as Benguet Consolidated Mining Company in 1906 and Benguet Gold Mines in 1903) has been in Benguet for more than 100 years.
14
Figure 1. Incorporation and ownership of Philex Mining Corporation
From incorporation of Philex Mining Corporation in 1955, mill and mineconstruction commenced. Mineral production started in 1958 at 800 tons per day.However, mill capacity was at 2,000 tons per day. Company data reported to theSecurities and Exchange Commission say that ore extracted and processed from1958 was 332.2 million tons by 2008 and produced 897.4 million kilograms ofcopper, 162.2 million grams of gold, and 177.9 million grams of silver.
Company data say that, as of 31 December 2006, total ore milled reached311 million metric tons and generated US$2.7 billion through exports. A 26February 2005 report of The SunsStar says that from a deposit of 18 million tonsand after mine and mill expansion, Philex Mines mined and milled a total of293.6 million tons of ore over 47 years, from 1958 to 2005. Philex generated atotal of US2.6 billion through exports during the period. Further, during the 47years, SunStar also say that the company produced 3.248 million dry metric tonsof concentrate consisting of 824 million kilograms of copper, 146.9 millionkilogram of gold, and 163 million kilograms of silver.
The main site of Philex mining operations, from its establishment until today, is the Sto. Tomas II ore body in Pacdal, Tuba, Benguet. Pacdal Mine, as the mining site is also known, used to be a completely logged-out old sawmill.
Figure 2. Production in 1958 started at 800 tons per day
16
Figure 3. Philex Pacdal area In 1958
Philex Mines is proud to be the first mining company in the Philippines to have earned the International Standard Organization (ISO) 14001 certification, making Philex the first Philippine mining company to earn the certification. Philex claims to have successfully reforested watershed, open, denuded, and poorly stacked forestlands with an area of 1,540 hectares as of 2005.
SITE LOCATION Philex Mining Corporations mine site is located at the southern tip of the central Cordillera, straddling the municipalities of Tuba and Itogon, Benguet. It is about seventeen (17) aerial kilometres south southeast of Baguio City and lies at an elevation of 1500 meters above sea level. Access from Baguio City is via thirty two (32) kilometers well paved road with a travel time of one hour. Philex Mining Corporation was incorporated in the Philippines in 1955 to engage in mining activities. Its shares are listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange while shares of its 81% - owned gold subsidiary, Philex Gold, Inc., are listed in the TSX Venture Exchange.
The Company has operated the Sto. Tomas II copper-gold-silver deposit at Padcal, Tuba, Province of Benguet for about 49 years. The Padcal mine was the first block cave operation in the Far East. Total ore mined to year-end 2007 was 314.05 million tonnes, with a metal production of 858.16 million kilograms (1,895.24 million pounds) of copper concentrate, 153.05 million grams (4,923.80 thousand ounces) of gold and 169.26 million grams (5,453.50 thousand ounces) of silver in concentrate and bullion form. The Padcal mine is the only remaining copper-gold operation in the Philippines.
17
The total land area applied of Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (MPSA) was 14,256 hectares, area covered by mining claims was 14,085 hectares, and an area lease contract was 342.85 hectares. The developed areas affected by operations which include subsidence, ore body, tailings pond, residential area, school, recreational and industrial areas covered a total area of 580 hectares. The Philex Management is totally committed to the protection of its environment and showed deep concern to the welfare of its employees and dependents as well.
Physiography and Climate The locale is very rugged, where the mine site lies at an elevation of 1,500 meters above sea level and depicted by steep and gentle slopes varying in different parts. The climate is cool and invigorating with the rains coming mostly between the rainy seasons of June and October. Occasional typhoons occur in the area annually with 500 mm average rainfall. Several tributaries of Agno River (Albian Creek) occurred. Bued River and Toboy River were drained to the eastern, western, and southern areas respectively. Vegetation is mostly pine trees. Mining Claims The total land area applied in Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (MPSA) was 14,256 hectares, area covered by mining claims is 14,085 hectares and an area lease contract is 342.85 hectares. Developed areas affected by operations which include the subsidence, ore body area, tailings pond, residential area, school and recreation and industrial areas cover a total area of 580 hectares.
18
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND STAFF (As of February 15, 2012)
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Manuel V. Pangilinan Chairman
Juan B. Santos Vice Chairman
Eliza R. Antonino Eulalio B. Austin, Jr. Emilio S. De Quiros, Jr. Oscar J. Hilado (Independent) Robert C. Nicholson Wilfredo A. Paras (Independent) Edward A. Tortorici Marilyn A. Victorio-Aquino
19
OFFICERS
(As of February 15, 2012)
Manuel V. Pangilinan Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Juan B. Santos Vice Chairman
Libby R. Ricafort Vice President Resident Manager , Padcal Operations
Eulalio B. Austin, Jr. President and Chief Operating Officer
Renato N. Migrio Treasurer Chief Finance Officer Senior Vice President for Finance Compliance Officer
Redempta P. Baluda Vice President for Exploration
Barbara Anne C. MigallosCorporate
Secretary
Denis Ricardo G. Lucindo Vice President for Business Development
Edgardo C. Crisostomo Vice President for Administration and Materials Management
Guadaflor C. Malonzo Assistant Corporate Secretary
Enrique C. Rodriguez, Jr. Vice President for Legal
Victor A. Francisco Vice President for Environment and Community Relations
CONSULTANT Rogelio G. Laraya, PhD Senior Adviser
20
PASIG HEAD OFFICE AND PADCAL OPERATIONSSTAFF
PASIG HEAD OFFICE
PADCAL OPERATIONS
Elisa R. Dungca Division Manager - Information Technology & Investor Relations
Eduardo M. Aratas Division Manager - Legal
Paraluman M. Navarro Division Manager - Corporate Finance
Roy P. Mangali Division Manager - Mine

Edgar L. Prangan Division Manager - Safety/Loss
Control
Victor B. Maglambayan Division Manager - Exploration
Vergel T. Agatep Group Manager - Mine Mechanical
Noel C. Oliveros Division Manager - Exploration
Roselyn M. Dahilan Group Manager Padcal Finance
Jocelyn B. Galapon Group Manager - Geology & Exploration
Geraldine B. Ateo-an Group Manager Internal Audit

Anselmo T. Ranges Group Manager - Central Mechanical & Electrical Services
Eileen C. Rodriguez Group Manager Corporate Treasury

Joel S. Son Group Manager - Safety
Vicente L. Servidad Group Manager-Corporate Environment & Community Relations
Reynold V. Yabes Group Manager - Mill Operations & Maintenance
Andres C. Zabala(11) Group Manager - Human Resources PHILEX MINING CORPORATION 21
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
As of May 25, 2010
22
PHILEX CORPORATE STRUCTURE (As of May 23, 2011)

100%
PHILEX PETROLEUM CORPORATION (Philippines)
100%
PHILEX GOLD HOLDINGS, INC. (Philippines) 100% PHILEX GOLD PHILIPPINES (Philippines)
100% BRIXTON ENERGY &

MINING CORP. (Philippines)
PETROENERGY RESOURCES CORP. (Philippines)
60%
10.31%
SILANGAN MINDANAO EXPLORATION CO., INC. (Philippines) ( 83.33% SILANAGAN MINDANAO MINING CO., INC (Philippines)
40%
PITKIN PETROLEUM PLC (United Kingdom)
18.46%
16.67%
FEC RESOURCES, INC. (Canada)
51.24% 38.82%
FORUM ENERGY PLC
25.63%
(United Kingdom)
Corporate Structure
According to the 2009 report of independent auditors (SGV & Co/Ernst &Young) and other documents of the Philex Mining Corporation:
Philex Mining Corporation (see www.philexmining.com.ph) was incorporated in the Philippines in 1958. It is a parent company with thefollowing direct subsidiaries (the parent company and its direct subsidiary are oftentimes referred to as the Philex Group):
1) Philex Gold Philippines, Inc.: PGPI is an 81%-owned subsidiary of theparent company through holding companies and incorporated in thePhilippines. However, PGPI was incorporated under the laws of Alberta,Canada and is primarily engaged in the exploration and development ofoil, gas, and minerals.
2) Brixton Energy & Mining Corporation: BEMC is a wholly ownedsubsidiary of the parent company and incorporated in the Philippines
3) Philex Petroleum Corporation: Philex Petroleum is a 51%-ownedsubsidiary of the parent company and was incorporated in thePhilippines
4)
FECR
(formerly
Forum
Energy
Corporation,
see
www.fecresources.comand
www.sedar.com): FECR is a 50.67%-owned subsidiary of the parentcompany and incorporated under the laws of Alberta, Canada.
24
Philex Mining Corporation, Philex GoldPhilippines, Inc. (PGPI) and its subsidiaries, and Brixton Energy & MiningCorporation are primarily in large-scale exploration, development, andutilization of mineral resources.
Philex Mining Corporation) operates the Padcal Mine in Benguet. Philex Mining Corporation and subsidiaries derived their income mainly from the Padcal Mine. Income from petroleum operations and other sources are insignificant to Philex Mining Company and subsidiaries asof March 2009. Padcal Mine is on its 51st year of operation producing copper,gold, and silver as its principal products.
PGPI operated the Bulawan Mine in Negros Occidental until the second quarter of 2002. PGPI appears to have its own subsidiaries and this is asubject for further inquiry. PGPI has a number of mineral properties throughout the Philippines at various stages of exploration. Its focus since2001, however, has been on its North property where the Boyongan deposit, a major copper-gold porphyry in Surigao del Norte, was discovered in August 2000 through a joint venture with Anglo American Exploration Philippines B.V. (Anglo). PGPI owns the Boyongan deposit.
BEMC has a coal property under pre-development in Zamboanga del Norte.ATM/LGI a. boquiren May 2009 arturoboquiren@yahoo.com
Philex Petroleum Corporation and FECR are engaged in oil and gasoperation and exploration activities. Both participate in oil and gasproduction and exploration activities through investee companies. FECR owns 29.78% of Forum Energy Plc or FEP (FEP can be searched in Google Finance and http://investing.businessweek.com. FEP is a United Kingdom company incorporated in April 2005 through the consolidation of the Philippine assets of Forum Energy Corporation and Sterling Energy Plc(SEY) of the UK. FEP has just closed a US$6.2 million pre-IPO financing
and a US$19.35 million IPO financing and is listed on the AIM market of the London stock exchange. FEP has a portfolio of oil and gas exploration projects in the Philippines. The portfolio includes contracts with existing infrastructure, production, and proven hydrocarbon potential. FEP also holds coal operation contracts in Central and Southern Cebu.
Lascogon Mining Corporation (LMC) was incorporated in 2005 to engage inthe exploration, development, and utilization of mineral resources. Philippine Gold Mining Company B.V. (PGMC-BV): incorporated in Netherlands. This company has been the intermediary holding company ofPhilex Gold Inc (source: page 5 of the SGV & Co/Ernst and Young Independent Auditors Report to stockholders).ATM/LGI a. boquiren May 2009 arturoboquiren@yahoo.comThe other subsidiaries of Philex Mining Corporation are: Philex Land, Inc. (PLI): engaged in the business of owning, using,developing, subdividing, selling, exchanging, leasing, and holding real estateof all kinds covering buildings, houses, apartments, and other structure Fidelity Stock Transfer, Inc. (FSTI): agency firm for stock transfers. Philex Insurance Agency, Inc. (PIAI): general agent for domestic and foreign companies in the non-life insurance business. However, this company was reported to be dormant. In its report to the stockholders of Philex Mining Corporation (the report was also forwarded to the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2009), SGV & Co and Ernst and Young in early 2009 reported that the following constitutes the ownership of firms of the Philex group.
26
STO. TOMAS II ORE DEPOSIT
LOCATION
The Sto. Tomas II ore body of Philex Mining Corporation is deposited at the southern tip of the Luzon Central Cordilleras about 17 aerial kilometres south-southeast of Baguio City. It is located at Brgy. Padcal, Tuba, Benguet. Access to the mine site is a 32-km company road of about an hour to drive. Within the Mine site is a private own community and it is free in water and electric supply as one of the community development programs of the company.
27
GEOLOGY
The mountain ranges of Northern Luzon, of which the site of Philex mining operation is part, belongs to a volcanic arc terrain. Gold and copper mineralization is often associated with volcanic rocks as well as with faults in the earths crust. In fact, the location of the ore body that is the main subject of mining operations by Philex is actually crissed-crossed by fault lines. The most not able of the fault lines are the Albian and Sta. Fe faults.
Thus, it is not be surprising for Philex gold and/or copper production to be associated with geo-hazard risks vis--vis volcanic or earthquake activity.
Figure 16. Site of Philex mining operations and fault lines
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Figure 14 below gives us a close-up of the Sto. Tomas Ore body that is the main site of Philex mining operation.
Figure 17. Philex Mining company illustration of Phlox ore body: Sto. Tomas ore body is directly along the Albian and Sta. Fe faults
As indicated by the figure above, the Sto. Tomas Ore Body of Philex Mines lies directly along the path of the Albian and Sta. Fe fault lines. A sharp movement along the fault line can result to a geological disaster.
In the future, we will analyze Figure 14 further as we compare the map with ground data. We will also analyze deeper all the figures in this work as they are probably indicative of the risks to the environment posed by the Philex mining operations. The figures in this work probably contain information more than what are obvious.
Figure 18 indicate the proximity of the Philex milling plant to the Sto. Tomas II ore body. The ore body is actually the site of the old open pit mining of Philex. Underneath the site of the old open pit mine, Philex underground mining continues.
Figure 18. Vertical section of Sto. Tomas II ore body and milling plant: blue blocks are mined-out, red blocks are producing, and green block is virgin.
Figure 19. Location of Philex ore body: Philex Mines PowerPoint above suggest s that the Sto. Tomas ore body is approximately at N1616 E12032. However, adiscussed in Chapter 5, the ore body is likely at 161545.62 North 1203718.87 East
31
LITHOLOGY A. Rock Types Host Rocks Age Radiometric Dating Zircon Fission Track K-Ar Dating Dating (Dr. J.F. Lovering) Meta-andesite and Meta- Paleogene sediments Intrusive Andesite Porphyry Early Pleistocene Late Pliocene 1.4 + 0.4 Myrs 1.4 0.4 Myrs 2.0 + 0.5 Myrs 2.0 0.5 Myrs Dark Diorite Late Miocene 3.8 + 1.1 Myrs 1.9 + 0.5 Myrs 1.9 0.5 Myrs (Teledyne Isotope Ltd.) -
Clear Diorite
Description of Lithology 1. Andesite Porphyry: located within the center of the orebody and represents the low grade ore. It is porphyritic in texture with diagnostic subrounded plagioclase phenocrysts, light gray in color and weak mineralized. 2. Clear Diorite: light gray in color, fine to medium grained in texture with quartz, plagioclase and as primary minerals. This rock unit is less mineralized as compared to dark diorite.
32
3. Dark Diorite: this is the oldest of the intrusive complex and the most mineralized and altered. It is usually dark-colored, fine grained quartz diorite porphyry. The primary minerals are quartz, plagioclase, hornblende and magnetite and secondary biotite disseminations. 4. Meta-sediments: this is the country rock unit belonging to the Zigzag-Pugo formations of the Baguio District. It consists of regionally metamorphosed andesite and tuffaceous rocks with intercalated sediments. The texture is variable ranging from aphanitic to porphyritic and hornfelsic. It is usually dark in color. Mineralization near to a maximum radius of about 200 meters from the contract. B. Geologic Structures The orebody is pipe-like and almost vertical with lateral dimension of 500 meters and by 550 meters and a vertical column of 730 meters. At the top of the deposit had its outcrop at the headwaters of Toboy River and Albian Creek with an elevation of 1,500 meters above sea level. The complex stocks of quartz diorite porphyries (1 2 million years by Fission Track Dating) intruded into the Zigzag-Pugo Formation along the northeast trending steeply dipping Albian Fault in four episodes of intrusion and associated mineralization. These intrusions are classified from the oldest to youngest as dark diorite, clear diorite, andesite porphyry, and hornblende andesite porphyry.
C. Orebody Geometry
Length Width Height Shape Altitude
: 550 meters : 500 meters : 730 meters : pipe-like : Vertical, Tapers to the North
33
D. Ore Characteristics Above 110 ML or Gypsum Line Fragmentation: RQD < 50 Below Gypsum Line Massive with RMR: 55 RQD > 75
E. Ore Reserve Total since 1957 Remaining as of Jan. 1, 2001 MillionDMT 367.612 % Cu gAu/DMT 0.310 0.626 125,483 0.282 0.674
F. Ore Distribution Level M DMT % Cu gAu/ton Meta-volcanics Intrusive 0.245 0.284 0.280 0.290 0.282 0.718 0.593 0.591 0.843 0.674 75% 65% 60% 75% 25% 35% 30% 25%
975 ML 5.508 908 ML 29.869 863 ML 51.933 773 ML 38.173 745 ML 125.483
34
G. Dominant Alteration Minerals
Ore Zone
Quartz, Secondary Biotite, Anhydrite, Serecite, Magnetite
Fringe Zone
Quartz, Chlorite, Epidote, Magnetite, Pyrite
The host of mineralization is mainly the hornblende quartz diorite porphyry, the Metavolcanics and, to a lesser degree, the other intrusive rocks. The K-Ar age of the hydrothermal alteration and mineralization was estimated to be 1.5 0.4 Ma. The orebody is cylindrical/ pipe like and almost vertical with lateral dimensions of 400 meters by 500 meters and vertical extent of 700 meters (Imai, 2001). Alteration is typical of porphyry copper deposits. Main alteration assemblage associated with copper-sulfide mineralization is quartz biotite-chlorite. Hydrothermal alterations observed are silicification, biotization, sericitization, propylitization, pyritization and sulfatization. Silicification, generally observed in the quartz diorite porphyry and metavolcanics, occurs in the form of stockwork and fissure-filling veinlets, and vug-filling quartz crystals.
H. Mineralogy and Petrography Primary ore minerals are chalcopyrite and bornite (1 2%) with associated gold and silver and trace of palladium-bearing carried by quartz and anhydrite stock works. Native gold occurs mainly with copper sulfides either locked or along grain boundaries and also interstitial to gangue minerals like quartz and anhydrite. Alteration is typical to porphyry copper deposits. Main alteration assemblage associated with copper-sulfide mineralization is quartz-biotite-chlorite. Orthoclase that is characteristic of potassic zone is absent. Sericite is weak and actinolite is also noted. 5. Hypogene Copper Minerals chalcopyrite and bornite
35
6.
Sulfide Mode Occurrence fracture fillings and stockworks associated with quartz and anhydrite as disseminations.
7.
Gold Occurrence free gold associated with chalcopyrite and bornite; 80% recovered with Cu concentrate; 20% from gravity.Altitude: vertical, tapers to the north
MINING METHOD/PROCESSING
The mining method applied in Philex Mining Corporation is Block Caving System. Slushers winches and recently load-haul-dump (LHD) units are used for ore extraction and feeder and conveyor belts for ore transport. This method is used to partly cut off thick block of ore from surrounding blocks by series of drills, as one above the other, or by boundary shrinkage stopes. It is then undercut by removing a slice of ore or a series of slices separated by small pillars underneath the block. The isolated, unsupported portion of the block of ore breaks and caves under its own weight. Gravity forces in the order of millions of tons act on the rock masses, and successive fracturing occurs, affecting the entire block. As the rock pressure increases at the bottom of the block, the ore crushes to a fragmentation that allows removal through draw points. Philex adapted the block caving for it is suitable for the geology of the site. The mine operated for the first two years a small open pit and shifted to underground block caving using slusher and LHD extraction system respectively. 1. Slusher System (1963 1996) The method generally consists of driving a series of spaced openings called the slusher lines and are laid out in a north-south orientation. At the upper level of 1020 ML, ore is drawn by full gravity and slushed by 0.90 metric tons capacity buckets which are pulled by a 36 Hp slusher winches through short transfer raises to 1015 ML. These are loaded into 0.80 cubic meters bottom-dump mine cars and transported by 25-ton diesel locomotives along the 3 km stretch to the dump bin. However, the railroad hauling system was placed out last February 1997 as all the slusher blocks at 1020 ML have been depleted. Ore from the slusher blocks at
36
908 ML is slushed through long transfer raises and loaded into the feeder belts and eventually to the dump bin via CHC system 2. Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) System (1996 present) Due to the increasing hardness of the ore at depth and water-related problems that adversely affected the operation, the company has emerged in terms of mechanization. With this, hydraulic jumbo drills for development activities and LHD units for ore extraction replaced the conventional rock drills. This method can draw coarsely fragmented ore at high production rate. The ore is drawn from draw points with wider openings by LHD equipment. The lower levels particularly at 908 ML are laid out in an east-west orientation. These are driven at an interval distance of 26 meters center to center. The fallen ore is extracted from the draw crosscuts by the LHDs and dump into the grizzlies equipped with mechanical breakers. The sized ore travels into a long transfer raises and conveyed to cabled belt conveyors through feeder belts.
Figure 21. Characteristics of Philex ore body: massive

Figure 22. Overview on mining and milling method at Philex-Pacdal
Figure 23. Philex mining method 1958-1963: open pit mining

Figure 24. Philex mining 1963-1996: block caving-slusher method
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Figure 25. Philex mining 1996-present: block caving with load-haul-dump Sun Star (2 February 2005) describes the LHD or load, haul, and dump of the Philex mining method this way: ore is drawn by the load haul-dump or LHD units then transported to the mill through cable belt conveyor system, 2.7 kilometers away from the ore body. Sun Star reports further that the milling process of Banguet Concentrator utilizes three stages of crushing that creates a final product of copper concentrate described as 73% minus 10 mm.
Developing mines from which ores can be gathered involves the following processes: horizontal and vertical driving, installation of rock support, drilling of fan holes, excavation of trenches, and undercutting. Figures 26-31 are illustrative
Figure 26. Overview on Philex mine development
40
Figure 27. Horizontal driving in Philex mine development
41
Figure 28. Vertical driving in Philex mine development
42
Figure 29. Installing rock support in Philex mine development
43
Figure 30. Drilling of fan holes in Philex mine development
44
Figure 31. Drawpoints for ore in mine development
After a mine has been developed, production commences. Production involves scooping, breaking rocks to get the ore, handling the ore, crushing the ore, and conveying the ore. Figures 32-34 are illustrative.
45
46
Figure 33. Ore extraction method
47
48
49
Figure 35. Subsidence at the ore body in mine operation
Figure 36. Backfilling operations on subsidence

As discussed earlier, Figure 17 indicate that the Sto.Tomas II ore body is along the Albian and Sta. Fe faults. Based on Figures35 and 36 above and Figure 37, it is clear that the block caving-LHD mining method currently used by Philex mines involve the backfilling of subsidence areas. An important question to ask, therefore, is: what are the risks and how can we monetize the value of the risks involved in Philex mining given that the country lie along the Pacific ring of fire that is vulnerable to frequent earthquakes and given that the Philex ore body are crisscrossed by two fault lines?
Figure 37. Backfilling above active mining area
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Figure 38. Milling flow sheet and transport to Poro Point for Japan or Leyte
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COMPANY DIVISIONS AND DEPARTMENTS THE ADMINISTRATION DIVISION The Administrative Division support the companys operations by maintaining harmonious labor and management relation through effective and efficient personnel administration, man power training and development, health management, industrial relation and public system.
THE HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT The department of Human Resource and Development was created to be responsible for implementing further the training and the evaluation program of the company. The program was fashioned to train employees to SOPs which the company hopes to push and maintain. It uses functional, personal and environmental standards as the mode for judging the performance of an employee. Special training sessions and seminars were conducted for further Im ensure the prove and develop overall performance of individual workers in the company. Thru training and learning, Philex Mining Corporation had develop the Human Resource Development Center to ensure the employees of all levels and be able to acquire all skills old or near for the betterment of not only the company but also the individual growth of the worker.
THE SAFETY DEPARTMENT S- ound judgement A-lways F- oresight E- xtreme caution T- hink Y- ou
Function of the department of safety as:
1. Maintenance of good working environment on the job site. 2. Monitoring through the establishment of accident rate reports, accident case analysis and use of standards statistic system. 3. Training of supervisors and workers with the safety practices and procedures (first aid, mine rescue, fire prevention and others). 4. Promotion of safety through contents, printing of papers or handouts, production of posters and road signs and others. 5. Preparation of accident records of employees with accompanying analysis.
The frequency rate remarkably improve from 3.42 in 2005 to 2.89 in 2006; however incidence rate per million man hours slightly increase from 5.06 in 2005 to 5.30 in 2006. The company-wide safety audit system is continuously implemented in pursuit to an accident free operation.
Top Ten Basic Safety Rules
1. Follow instructions; dont take chances, if you dont know..ask. 2. Correct on report unsafe condition. 3. Help keep everything clean and orderly. 4. Use the right tools and equipment for the right job; use them safely. 5. Report all injuries; get first aid promptly. 6. Use, adjust and repair equipment only when authorized. 7. Uses prescribe protective equipment; wear safe clothing; keep them in good condition. 8. Dont horseplay; avoid distracting others. 9. When lifting, bend your knees; get help for heavy loads. 10. Comply with all safety rules and signs.
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25 General Safety Policies: 1. An employee shall report to work well rested and not under the influence of any intoxicating liquor or prohibited drugs. 2 The employees should work using proper clothing, shoes or boots, and skull guards whenever it is required. 3 An employee shall qualified and/or experienced or have general knowledge to perform the particular work he was assigned. 4 An employee shall study the job carefully to determine all the hazards present and see that all necessary safeguards and safety devices are provided to protect his self and other workmen. 5 He shall examine safety devices before they are used to make sure that they are in good condition and that the proper device shall be used. 6 7 8 9 He shall faithfully observe all rules and regulations pertaining to safety and sanitation. An employee shall submit himself to physical examination as the employer may require. He shall follow instructions given by the operating staff and the safety department. He shall not enter areas known to be dangerous or pass through danger signs without proper authority. 10 An employee is not allowed to linger in any part of the plant or any working area after the end of the shift. 11 He shall be forbidden to interfere with, remove, displace, damage or destroy any safety device or other personal protective equipment furnished for his protection or for the protection of others. 12 He shall promptly report all unsafe and unsanitary conditions to his supervisor. 13 He shall assist his fellow workmen in the prevention of accidents and warn them on dangerous conditions.
14 He shall attend safety meetings conducted by the management. 15 An employee shall not be allowed to ride on any company vehicle unless he is authorized to use it. 16 He shall immediately administer first aid if qualified, to an injured workman or get in touch with the nearest first aid station. 17 He shall take care of inflammable materials in such a way as to minimize fire hazards. 18 He shall report to his supervisor in any injury sustained while performing his regular duty in the company no matter how slight it is. This must be done twenty-four hours. 19 He shall not be permitted to enter with or carry intoxicated liquor, drugs or deadly weapons into any working area. 20 An employee is not allowed to sleep in any working area either on or off duty. 21 He shall watch out for any moving machines while in the performance of his work. 22 He shall pass or work under power shovels and other parts of the machines. 23 He shall not horseplay so as to prevent from accident and not to distract others from doing their work. 24 An employee shall lift with his knees bend in carrying heavy loads. 25 An employee shall comply with all safety rules and regulations mentioned. Safety Performance Analysis 1. Accidents happened commonly from the Mine Division, VP/RM Group, Mill Division and Contract Group. 2. Injuries are commonly cause by truck by, Pinning, Rock fall and Structure against. 3. Accident are commonly caused by: a. Failure to secure due to poor judgement. b. Improper position for task due to overconfidence. c. Failure to assess hazard due to violation by SOP/SSP.
4. Accident commonly occur during the following work activities; a. Working/handling on suspended load. b. Grougnd support particularly on timbering and rock bolting.
THE GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT
The Geology Department of Philex Mining Corporation is the primary life of the mine. Without its existence, the mine would not probably survive for long. The Geology Department engages in the pursuit of finding ore and affirming the presence of such ores. Because it is a fact that the ore being mined out is irreplaceable, the Geology Department exerts its utmost effort in knowing the geological characteristic off Philex ore body. Another significant function of this department is to find new minable deposits in other parts of the country.
General Objectives: The primary objective of the Geology Department is: 1. The increase of the ore reserve by finding the possible extension of present ore body and by finding new ore bodies in the immediate vicinity. 2. The availability of accurate geological data such as: a. Mineralogy and grade of ore b. Rock mechanics or geotechnical descriptions c. Structural and hydrological information. These are needed in the improvement of mining and milling operations, in the optimization of extraction and recovery and in the promotion of safety in the underground and surface development. 3. Prompt warning and advice to the operation of potential geologic problems or effect of the geological activity and legality of existing mining claims. 4. Maintenance of the validity and legality of existing mining claims. 5. Research studies on matters affecting operations.
SIX SECTIONS WITH STATEGIES THAT MEET THE OBJECTIVES: EXPLORATION GEOLGY SECTION its objectives are the proper evaluation of the mineralization and economic potential of the various known prospects within the vicinity of Sto. Thomas II and Baguio District and the location of other exploration targets not yet Known at present within the vicinity of Sto. Thomas II and Baguio District. PETROGRAPHIC SECTION it i responsible for the accurate determination of its mineralogical characteristics, occurrence and association that are needed in the improvement of metallurgical operations and in the evaluation of exploration targets and it also serves as the custodian of the drilling core and geochem samples and the log sheets and assay records of these samples. ORE RESERVE AND DOCUMENTATION the concern of these sections are:
a. The accuracy in the evaluation in the Sto. Thomas II ore reserve and proper inventory of the ore extraction and recovery; b. Custodian of geological and mining claim maps and documents; c. Proper control of company issued supplies, tools, equipment, and facilities (office, core house and DD shop) and the proper recording of personal attendance and records; d. Proper budget preparation and proper charging of department expenses; e. Maintenance of the validity of mining claims. THE CORE LOGGING SECTION it is where samples were collected and analyzed. The core samples were collected, cut by half; one for the stockpile, and the other half for the laboratory analysis. Then the specific weight, the compressive strength and the core recovery were determined. DIAMOND DRILLING SECTION its prime objective it to attain proper diamond drilling procedures and collection of required samples from drill holes that the geologist will propose
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either for exploration, development, water source and structural stability of foundation purposes.
THE MINE DIVISION
If the Geology Department serves as the life of the mine by finding ore and affirming the presence of such ores, the Mine Division is the center and heart of the companys operation. It is principally responsible in all the mining activity from mine planning, and designs, mine underground development works, are extraction and quality.
The Mine Division also involved in electrical operation, supply delivers and mechanical operations in the maintenance of all mine equipment such drilling equipments ( Jumbo Drills, Air-Leg ). Loading and hauling equipments ( LHD, Volvo and LPT ) and including the operation in Batching Plant.
The Mine Division is composed of four major departments namely: Mine Engineering and Draw Department, Mine Development Department, Mine Production Department, and Mine Mechanical and Electrical Department.
MINE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Mine Planning and Design Section
Plan a map showing features such as mine working of geological structures and projecting its objectives and strategies. Planning a method of pre-designing different detailed work to be undertaken.
The Planning section has the following objectives and functions:
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1.
Prepares the plan and layouts/programs and budget based on annual production schedules and monitor these against actual for appropriate adjustments and action
2.
Coordinates with the Mine Logistics/Mine Engineering and Materials Management Department for the delivery or requisitioning of supplies/materials and equipment in underground.
3.
Responsible for the training and motivation of production mines/operators in coordination with HRD/PID and Safety.
4.
Prepares all necessary reports and documents together with the mine information technology crews for discrimination and appropriate action of all concerned. Factors to be considered in planning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Layout or design of a certain project Feasibility study Cost estimate at development stage Project duration/completion at development stage ROI (Return of Investment) at production stage Life span Schedule
Importance of Proper Planning: To determine if your feasibility study is acceptable To determine if the design is acceptable To determine the development and production costs To determine the life span of the project
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Project Scheduling is a form of planning strategy indicating various detailed work activities and time frame of a certain project to be undertaken. Two Kinds of Project Schedule: Gantt Chart Schedule PERT/CPM-Project Evaluation Review Technique/Critical Path Method Importance of Project Scheduling: To determine the manpower to be utilized in the project To determine the duration or date of completion Factor to consider in Project Scheduling: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Different work activities to be undertaken Resources involved in the project (manpower to be included) Availability of the materials Arrangement of the activities Determination of the parameters to be considered in each activity 6. 7. Determination of the duration of each work activity
Determination of the activities that proceed, succeed or those that that can be simultaneously done
Survey Section The main function is to provide data/information needed by the Engineering Department for feasibility study preparation. Also provide assistance to planning/design section. Undertake survey works both underground/surface and other survey activity outside the mine, monitor excavation and progress of backfilling activities and the subsidence area.
Surveying is a work of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Measuring horizontal and vertical distances Measuring angle between lines Determine the direction of mines Establishing points by pre-determined angular and linear measurements Mathematical calculations of elevations, areas and volumes from the data surveyed Underground work activities in Philex: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Establishing centerline of a tunnel Establishing grade lines of a tunnel Offsetting of a tunnel Setting the Alimak anchor guide Monitoring ITH/CUBEX, drilling, concreting activities Measuring daily development advance Office work: Complete of field survey Updating of plan maps, developing advance report Blueprinting of maps, etc. Surface work activities in Philex: 1. 2. 3. Pit subsidence survey 4% required slope stability Tailings pond survey 60% dikes slope stability Hydrographic survey pore point
4. 5.
Chain survey Ore stockpile survey Surface survey includes topographic survey in subsidence area and other sites, location and relocation survey, progress survey, and volume survey of stockpile. Surveyed Data as Of October 2009 Area: Buffer Zone: 288 has. Crest Line: 136 has. Pit Floor: 37 has. Subsiding Area: 13.50 has. Subsidence Gradient: Radial: - 4.28% Water Way: - 2.43% Pit Floor Subsidence Rate for the Month As of October 2009: -1.58m Subsidence Rate Year-to-Date: -1.45m Dam # 3 Water Elevation: 601.033m Free Board Main: 7.230m Offset: 5.188
Rock Mechanics Section Rock mechanics is a combined responsibility of the geology and the mine engineering staffs, with the geology providing the vital information to the mine engineering to include in mine planning the following: 1. The ground characterization through rock mass classification 2. Determination of the cavability of the ore column 3. Undercutting sequence 4. Fragmentation of the rock mass in the ore column
5. Drawzone spacing 6. Proper draw control procedure 7. Layout of openings 8. Design of ground supports based on the rock mass condition 9. General geology of the orebody
For the proper interpretation of the rock mass that would cater to the diverse mining situations, Philex adopted the modified geomechanics rockmass classification (Mining Rockmass Rating, MRMR) as this system is recognized and used by most of the block cave mine worldwide. Dr. DH Laubscher introduced the concept of MRMR to fine-tune the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) for the diverse mining environments. The RMR is subjected to a series of adjustments so that the final ratings (MRMR) could be used for mine design. Basic parameters of the RMR are the following: 8. Intact Rock Strength (IRS) which is the unconfined uniaxial compressive strength of the rock between fractures and joints. The intact strength of a rock can be estimated using Table 1 and the ratings for the different IRS values can be found in Table 2. Table 1 Estimation of intact rock strength (after Laubscher 1990) Descriptive rock strength Equivalent stress MPa Easily molded in fingers; shows distinct heel marks Molds in fingers with strong pressure; faint heel marks 0.05 0.07 psi 5 10
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Very difficult to mold in fingers; difficult to cut with hand spade
0.15
20 70
Cannot be molded in fingers; cannot be cut with hand spade and 0.5 requires hand-picking to dig out Very tough and difficult to move with hand-pick; requires pneumatic 0.7 spade for digging Crumbles under firm blows with sharp end of geological pick and can 3 be peeled off with a knife; too hard to cut out a test specimen by hand Can just be scraped and peeled with a knife; indentations up to 3 mm 7 show in the specimen with a firm blow of the geological pick point Cannot be scraped or peeled with a knife; hand-held specimen can be 20 broken with one firm blow of hammer end of geological pick Hand-held specimen breaks under more than one blow with hammer 70 end of geological pick Many blows with geological pick required to break through intact 200 specimen
100
450
1000
3000
10000
30000
Table 2 Intact rock strength rating (after Laubscher 1990) Intact Rock Strength (IRS) MPa 185 165 185 145 164 % Rating 20 18 16
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125 144 105 124 85 104 65 84 45 64 35 44 25 34 12 24 5 11 14
14 12 10 8 6 5 4 3 2 1
9.
Fracture Frequency per Meter (FF/m) is the number of naturally occurring discontinuities in a specified length of core or sidewall (refer to Table 3). Table 3 Fracture frequency per meter rating (after Laubscher 1990) Fracture Frequency per Meter (FF/m) Average per meter Rating 1 Set 0.10 0.15 40 40 2 Sets 40 40 3 Sets 40 40
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0.20 0.25 0.30 0.50 0.80 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 5.00 7.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 30.00 40.00
40 40 38 36 34 31 29 26 24 21 18 15 12 10 7 5
40 38 36 34 31 28 26 24 21 18 15 12 10 7 5 2
38 36 34 31 28 26 24 21 18 15 12 10 7 5 2 0
10.
Joint Condition which is the assessment of the frictional properties of the joints (not fractures) and is based on expression, surface properties, alteration zones, filling and water. The procedure for the determination of joint condition is shown in Table 4, which divides the joint assessment sections into subsections A, B, C, D, and E. Table 4
Joint condition rating (after Laubscher 1990) Parameter Accumulative % adjustment of a possible rating of 40 Description Dry Adjustment (%) Moist Moderate Pressure 25 High Pressure 125 >125 li/min 90 87 82 77 72 80 75 70 65 60
li/min A Wavy/multi-directional 100 100 95 90 85 80 95 90 85 80 75 92 87 82 74 90 85 80 75 70 95 90 85 80 70 85 80 75 70 65
Large Scale Joint Uni-directional Expression Curved Slight undulation Straight B Very rough
Small Scale Joint Striated/rough Expression Smooth Polished C Joint Alteration D Joint Filling Non softening and material Coarse sheared Wall Weaker than wall rock
95
90
70
70
68
Medium Fine
90 80
80 70
70 60
60 50
D Joint Filling
Soft sheared material Coarse Medium Fine 70 60 50 60 50 40 30 50 40 30 20 40 30 20 10
Gough Thickness<Amplitude 40 of irregularities Gough Thickness>Amplitude 20 of irregularities E Cement Hardness Anhydrite (5+) Calcite, Fluoride (3 4) Gypsum (1 2) 95 90 85
10
Flowing material
Table 5 Meaning of the ratings (after Laubscher 1990) 1 Class Rating Description A B 100 - 81 Very good 2 A B 80 61 Good 3 A B 60 41 Fair 4 A B 40 - 21 Poor 5 A B 20 0 Very poor
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Table 6 Parameters/adjustments to arrive at MRMR (after Laubscher 1990) Parameter Weathering Joint Orientation Induced Stresses Blasting Possible adjustment, % 30 100 63 100 60 120 80 100
Factors affecting Mining- Induce Stresses Drift induced stresses Interaction of closely spaced drifts Location of drifts or tunnels close to large stopes abutment stresses, particularly with respect to the direction of advance and orientation of the field stresses Uplift Point loads from caved ground caused by poor fragmentation Removal of restraint to sidewalls and apices Increase in size of mining area causing changes in the geometry Massive wedge failures Influence of major structure not exposed in the excavation but creating the probability of high toe stresses or failures in the back of the stope Presence of intrusive that may retain high stress or shed stress into surrounding, more competent rock. MRMR = RMR { ( % weathering )(% joint orientation) (% mining induced stresses) (% blasting effects) }
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The resulting MRMR after applying corresponding adjustments factors to the RMR is 21 to 30 or poor ground conditions.
The evaluation of the following geomechanical issues shows the importance wage of rock mechanics in the design of Philex mechanize block cave operations. Cavability Aside from the after asked question of, Will it cave or will not cave? , the reql question is Can we afford to make it cave?, carry the rock away and extract the mineral? Laubscher (1994) stated that the cavability of an ore deposit is based on many aspects, but clearly, if a large enough area is undermined (hydraulic radius), any rockmass will cave. The manner of their caving and the resulting fragmentation size distribution need to be predicted if cave mining is to be successfully implemented. Controlling the draw as the cave can only propagate if there is space into which rock can move, can slow the rate of caving. Advancing cut more rapidly can increase the rate of caving but problems can arise if this allows an air gap to structures, heavy blasting and the influx of water can result in damaging an air blasts. Rapid, uncontrolled caving can result in an early influx of waste dilution. The rate of undercutting should be controlled so that the deterioration of the undercut and is extraction openings is avoided. Stagnant cave front should be avoided. Fragmentation Primary fragmentation is the particle distribution that separates from the cave back and enters the clean column. It is generally finer that from subsidence caving owing to the rapid propagation of caving in the latter case with disintegration of the rockmass, primarily along favourably oriented joint sets and little shearing of interaction of rock. Secondary fragmentation is the reduction in size of the original particles that enters the draw column, as it moves through the draw column.
Draw Zone Spacing It should always be determined using the results of the secondary fragmentation study and interaction of adjacent draw points. The spacing should also be carefully chosen so that the
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three-dimensional flow ellipsoids from adjacent overlap slightly. This produces almost complete extraction and minimizes dilution.
Draw Control In order to improve fragmentation, the height of cave should be maximized and a slow initial rate of draw should be used. The rate of draw should be such that the volume of ore removed during causing is equal to the volume increase or bilking of the caving rockmass.
Basic Concepts in Block Cave Mining Draw rate is dictated by caving rate. The more fragmented the ore, the greater the draw rate. Block should be developed and mineral in a systematic fashion, favouring one or two general retreat directions. Blocks should be developed to ensure retreat towards service areas. Convergent re-entrant or air step caving fronts should be avoided. Stagnant caving fronts should be avoided. The cave line should be configured perpendicular to production workings. The larger the drifts directly beneath and adjacent to caving areas the incidence of ground control problems. The larger the density of drifts, the higher the incidence of ground control problems. Efforts should be undertaken to ensure that an undercut is created.
1.3 Ventilation Section It is the objective of this section to ensure the good working condition of exhaust system and to ensure the good air to the mine. At the same time, disposal of contaminated air in the underground work area is undertaken. A major concern in the underground is the availability of good air. Existences of large amount of dust, trapped toxic gases, are some of the concerns which may cause health
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problems to the mines. With proper ventilation not only is health safeguarded but also improves and offers a health working condition. Philex undertaken this task by taking in air thru intake airways and expels used and contaminated air thru exhaust airway. But then again, some areas where fumes and dust are at extreme, breathing and protective devices are provided. In order to maintain a standard of good atmosphere, a ventilation survey is done to check the efficiency of the ventilation system. Air volume intake and exhaust are checked regularly. Pressure, dust survey, and gas are also conducted as part of the ventilation survey program.
ation System an arrangement of airway networks in a mine together with pressure sources and control, which produce and govern airflow. UG Main Intake 1.1425 ML GCH Shaft 2. CHC Portal 3. 745 ML Tunnel UG Main Exhaust 1. 1170 ML 2. Bumolo Portal 1 3. Bumolo Portal 2 4. Banget Batching Plant Monthly Air Volume Survey Summary of May 2010 Air Volume Intake Requirement, Main Air Intake, Main Booster Exhaust and Final Main Exhaust Air 1. Air Volume Intake Requirement Area ML Required, cfm 1015 ML 10,600 16,642 6,042 Actual, cfm Difference
Batching Plant
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908 ML/UCL 840 ML
ML/890 192,800
197,770
4,970
91,220 188,810 242,060 725,490
106,420 194,568.81 243,450 758,851
15,200 5,759 1,390 33,361
782 ML/UCL 773 ML/745 ML Total
2. Underground Air Intake, Booster Exhaust, and Final Exhaust 2.1 Table for Main Intake Air Location (Source) Area, ft2 1.1020 ML GCH Shaft Access 72 Air ft/min 928 314 66,816.00 16,642.00 Velocity, Air Volume, cfm
2. 1020 ML Ring Drift (to 1015 53.00 Batching Plant) 3. Fringe Drift #1, 908 ML 4. Fringe Drift #2, 908 ML 172.00 87.35
567.00 372.00 229.00
97,524.00 32,494.20 67,751.94
5. South Block Access Bypass, 908 295.86 ML 6. Fringe Drift #1, 840 ML 7. Fringe Drift #2, 840 ML 187.00 221.00
211 303 341
39,457.00 66,963 82,689.09
8. Main Access to PL5, 782 ML from 242.49 791 ML Ramp 9. Ramp up to PL6, 782 ML from 212.37 773 ML 10. 2-4 Ramp from 773 ML 11. Thompson Shaft Station, 791 ML 12. CHC Tunnel 745 ML Tunnel after GCH Shaft 206.04 64.00 200.00 73.33
543 147 992 1,433
111,879.72 9,408.00 198,400.00 105,081.89
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2.2 Table for Main Booster Exhaust Air Projected Vol., cfm 172,000 172,000 86,000 Area, ft2 248.52 193.65 131.79 Air Velocity, Air ft/min 703.00 1,106.00 298.00 cfm 174,709.56 214,176.90 39,273.42 Volume,
Location/Level 1.CPR, 890 ML 2. NE, 890 ML 3. 4-7 Exhaust, 840 ML 4. 4-4B Exhaust, 840 ML 5. 4-7 Exhaust, 773 ML Total
Unit/Hp 1x200 2x200 2x200
2x75
50,000
221.00
118.00
26,078.00
2x200
172,000
166.54
1,396.00
232,489.84 686,727.72
2.3 Table for Final Main Exhaust Air Projected Vol., cfm 86,000 172,000 86,000 86,000 Area, ft2 88 238 72 102 Air Velocity, Air ft/min 1,073 976 1,388 614.00 cfm 94.424.00 232,288.00 99,936.00 62,5853.02 Volume,
Location/Level 1.Bumolo #1 2. Bumolo #2 3. 1170 ML 4. CH-Drift #1,
Unit/Hp 1x200 2x200 1x200 1x200
1015 ML 5. CH-Drift #2,
1015 ML Total
1x200
86,000 516,000
95
1,038
99,097.86 588,330.88
U/G Air Requirement Computation As of March 2010
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Projected 1015 ML QTY Air Reqt. (cfm) Util. Factor Personnel Trucks Batching Plant 7 2 1 150 8,500.00 10,250.00 1.00 0.20 0.60 1,050.00 3.400.00 6,150.00 10,600 Final Air Reqt.
Sub-total 908/890/UCL 6 ST 7.5/TORO 45D/TORO 1250 ST 1030 TORO 301 Rock Breaker FH/FD/RB Normet Personnel Ore 1 1 7 8 3 100 80 30,000 18,800 5,000 5,500 8,500 150 10 0.50 0.50 0.60 0.50 0.40 1.00 0.60 27,700 0.60
99,720
15,000 9,400 21,000 22,000 10,200 15,000 480 192,800
Sub-total 840 ML Personnel 30 150.00 47,500.00 1.00 0.40
4,500 38,000
Volvo/LPT Trucks 2
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ST 6C/TORO 007 FH/FD/RB/Cubex 4-6 A/F Ore Trucking
3 5 1 100 1
23,100.00 5,500.00 4,000.00 10.00 8,500
0.40 0.50 0.60 0.60 0.50
27,720 13,750 2,400 600 4,250 91,220
Sub-total 782 ML/UCL ST 6C/TORO 6 23,100 0.60
83,160
007/LH 410 ST 1030 ST 1 30,000 27,500 0.60 0.60 18,000 49,500
7.5Z/TORO 3
450D/TORO 1250 Rock Breaker FH/FD/RB Personnel Ore 7 2 75 150 5,000 5,000 150 10 0.60 0.50 1.00 0.60 21,000 5,000 11,250 900 188,810
Sub-total 773/745 ML Cleaning LHD ST 3 6C ST 7.5Z/TORO 3 27,500 0.50 23,100 0.40
27,720
41.250
450D/TORO 1250
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Rock Breaker Personnel 2-4/4-4 Crusher FBCs Ore CHC Area
7 100 2 1 200
5,000 150 38,300 197,500 10 5,000
0.50 1.00 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.50
17,500 15,000 30,640 98,750 1,200 10,000
Loading 4
Sub-total Total Air Requirement
242,060 725,490.00
NOTE: 150.00 cfm per person 100.00 cfm per Horsepower of any UG equipment 10 cfm per ton of ore Use utilization factor per unit
Draw Control / Loss control Section
This section controls and predetermines the required draw rate. Its objective is to check that draw-out of the ore is informed as possible. Maximum tonnage with minimum dilution is maintained in order to protect the block from damage and prevent the occurrence of pipe-outs. Functions of Draw Control:
1.
Ore Extraction by Drawing *Draw Rate quantity that must be pulled out in draw point. *Caving Rate ability of the ore to be caved and crushed. It is directly proportional to draw rate. If slow draw occurs, there will have pack-up and it will build pressure. To prevent this from occurring, maximize ore recovery and minimize dilution, and check the draw order. Here are some parameters needed:
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
1.1 grade PCBC and GEMCOM 1.2% extraction or age of draw Condition of draw point Ore Accounting (Tonnage Accounting) Sampling/Grab sampling is done per draw point. Draw Points Survey Subsidence Area Operation Backfilling of subsidence at the ratio of 1:5 Gradient of 4% to 7% towards the drainage outlet Construction of benches to support wall Maintenance of silt pond Reforestation 1.5. Contract Management and Cost Control UG Contract Activities:
1. 2.
Horizontal Driving Jumbo Drill Machine

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
LHD Pilot Raise Driving Vertical (for short hole) RDM (Rock Drill Machine) Jackleg LHD Alimak Driving (for long hole) Concreting for draw crosscuts Rock bolting/cable bolting Steel set installation Timbering Shotcreting Tire Budgeting and Cost Control 18x12 Tire Model TORO 007 ST 6C LH 410M ST 1030 Total 26.50x25 Tire
No. of Units 6 4 6 3 19
TORO 1250 TORO 450D ST 7.5Z Total 17.5x25 Tire
5 5 3 15
TORO 301DL 3 *Annual Tire Budget of the Company: P68 million/year Common Injuries of Tires: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Tread cut/punctured tread Tread cut, IOL (injury over limit) Tread separation Side cut (4) Side cut, IOL (injury over limit) Side cut separation Shoulder cut (4) Shoulder cut, IOL (injury over limit) Shoulder separation Inner liner Exposed ply Scrap Tire Analysis *Total Utilization Cost (TUC) = unit cost + repair cost x Trade Utilization Rate (TUR)
*Unrecovered cost = unit cost + repair cost TUC
MINE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
Development is one of the stages in mining which continues throughout the life of a mine. It refers to the works made for openings of a mineral deposit for exploration.
In underground mining, mine cannot suddenly start to produce ore and without making a necessary development work. The major purpose of development is to provide access to the ore deposits, permitting to have an entry for miners, equipments, supplies, power,water and ventilation. The following activities are done in preparing blocks, for ore extraction:
Production Lines these are horizontal mainline pening/excavations that are parallel to each other, which serve as main access of mobile equipments and supplies.
Draw Cross-cuts these are horizontal excavations or heading driven across the production lines sometimes called as Draw drift or drilling cross cuts.
Undercut Lines these are horizontal excavations driven above the production lines from which fan holes drilling and undercutting takes place to Induce the block to cave.
82
Pilot Raises these are vertical opening driven to serves as free face for the fan hole blasting at the trenches. These openings could be driven either vertical or inclined.
Fan Hole Drilling long hole drilling at the trenches and for undercut where in this hole are blasted to create a draw hole or the trench or to induce caving at the undercut.
Rock Supports these are accessories being applied on the rock for stabilization purposes. Include herewith are, rockbolts, cablebolts, wire mesh, shotcrete, steel set, concrete, cable strap and tendon straps.
Undercutting this activity refers to the blasting of rings of long holes designed to induce the caving of a certain block. It includes trench and ITH blasting.
2.1. Sizes of the Main Headings: Headings Production Lines Draw Crosscuts Access Ramps Long Transfer Raises Undercut Lines Drainage Drifts Pilot Raises Standard Size 3.5m x 4.0m 3.0m x 3.5m 4.0m x 4.0m 2.0m x 2.0m 3.5m x 3.5m 3.5m x 3.5m 2.5m x 2.0m
83
UNDERGROUND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES Horizontal and Vertical Driving Methods in Driving Vertical Headings: 1.Conventional Raise Driving It consists of utilizing timber and wooden ladders as platforms for short raise while in the long raise, the chute and manway system of advancing is employed. 2. Alimak Raise Driving It is mostly used in long and vertical or inclined raising. The Alimak which is commonly called the raise climber, consists of hoist with working platform having a rack or pinion drive. It travels along a monorail with pin rack and integrated pipes for air/water and is bolted to the wall of the raise.
Rock Support Installation Rock Support Installation Sequence and Development Headings: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Openings within Fault Zones Initial shotcrete (with synthetic fibers or install 4 mesh) Rock bolt (1.0m x 4.0m spacing) Steel set (15m advance for PLs and 10m for DXCs) Construct concrete support by following the steps: Steel set installation Dowel installation Steel reinforcing/matting Forming/pouring Dismantling of forms
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
Openings outside Fault Zones Rock bolt (1.0m x 2.0m spacing) Initial shotcrete (2 thick) Wire mesh/cyclone wire Final rock bolt (place in between initial rock bolts) Cable bolt (2.0m x 2.0m spacing) Final shotcrete (2 thick) Note: In addition for areas that shotrcrete with synthetic fibers will be used in lieu of wire mesh, the following will the sequences:
1. 2. 3. 4.
Rock bolt (1.0m x 1.0m spacing) Initial shotcrete using synthetic fibers (3 thick) Cable bolt Final shotcrete Fan Hole Drilling It is a long hole drilling at the trenches and for undercut where the holes are blasted to create a draw hole or the trench or to induce caving at the undercut. Trench Excavation Trenches must only be opened up after steel set and concreting of draw points or additional supports during the development of the draw post. Undercutting This is the last activity in the development wherein the rings of long holes are being blasted to induce the caving of a certain block. It includes trench and ITH blasting.
85
2.3. Activities Performed by the Trainee in the Development 1. Rock bolting The support specifications are as follows: Equipment used: Rock Bolter (Robolt) Size of rod used: 8 x 38mm Size of button bit: 4 x 38mm Size of rock bolt: 7 Size of base plate: 6 x 6/8 x 8 Size of screw: 2 Cemextra capsule: 1 diameter; 1 length; 8pcs/hole Length of drill hole: 2.4m Pattern: 9 holes per set-up (5 pcs. for roof and 4 pcs. for wall) Spacing: 2m per set-up 2. Timbering Sizes of log used: 6 x 8 x 10; 6 x 8 x 12; 3 x 8 x 10 3. Vertical Driving/Pilot Raising Equipment used: Alimak/Jackleg 4. Horizontal Driving Equipment used: Jumbo Drill Machine Size of rod: 12ft. Size of bit: 15mm.
Penetration rate: 2 minutes per hole 5. Shotcreting Equipment used: Variomec (concrete mixer); Spraymec (shotcrete machine) Wet mix: accelerator (MEYCO SA160)(4 5 L/mix), cement, plastic fibers 6. Fan Hole Drilling Equipment used: SOLO B#9 Fanhole drill Size of rod: 1.22m No. of holes per fan: 17 Spacing: 2m 7. Concreting (Batching Plant) Mix Purpose Crushed (kg) Grouting (for cable bolting) 1,500 Sand Cement (kg) 480 480 Gravel (kg) 380 Water (kg) 175 175
Pouring with gravel (for steel 1,200 setting) Shotcreting (Glenium) with plasticizer 1,350
400
120
8. Steel Setting Advances: 15m for PLs and 10m for DXCs 9. Cable Bolting
Equipment used: Jackleg/Jumbo Drill/Axera/Robolt Size of cable bolt: 6.2m (3 cables) Size of polyethylene pipe: >6.2m Size of dowel: 4ft. (2ft. standard) Diameter of hole: 32mm Distance between bolts: 2m Mix: 1bag (40 kg) cement, 13 14 Lwater 10. Loading and Blasting Explosive used: Senatel Magnum Dynamite (for pilot raising and face drilling) Excel Detonator Firing Times Delay No. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 MS Delay Time (MS) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 LP Delay Time (MS) 25 200 400 600 1000 1400 1800 2400 3000 3800 J-Hook Color Dark Green Red Pink Tan Orange Cream Yellow Lime Light Green Green
10 11 12 13 14 15
300 350 400 450 500 600
4600 5500 6400 7400 8500 9600
Aqua Light Blue Blue Mauve Purple Hot Pink
Surface Delay Times Delay 9 17 25 42 65 100 125 150 175 200 J-Hook Color Green Yellow Red White Blue Orange Cream Mustard Lime Light Green
*EXEL MS Detonators use pink tubing. *EXEL LP Detonators use yellow tubing. It is important that the holes should be drilled at the right location. The drilling pattern also includes information on the lookout angle needed at the different points on the face. Follow then the usual procedure of charging. Here are some of the drilling and blasting patterns gathered:
MINE PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
Exploitation is the final stage of mining associated with the actual recovery of mineral from the earth in quality. While development works is necessary continuous throughout the life of a mine, exploitation emphasis in the mine extraction and production.
The mine production must be give a proper consideration in the mine planning and design especially in the selection of mining method to be use to extract the ore body in economical and profitable manner. And also the equipment to be use, drilling and blasting techniques, mucking and ground support to be adopted, for the continues production and the target or projected tonnage/volume will meet. The major purpose of mine production department is to extract and recover quantity of minerals from the ore body. This department has the following objectives and functions
A. To extract ore and deliver it into the overpass according to production schedule in order to meet the required tonnage and grade and sustain feed to the mill.
B. To implement block maintenance program at various ore sources in order to maintain the required readily available draw points and safe working environment. C. To coordinate with the mine mechanical and mine electrical group, regarding preventive or repair maintenance of various production equipment and installations to see to this optimum utilization. D. Responsible for the safety of mine in various production activities such as secondary blasting, timbering, high packing, LHD operation.
3.1. Mine Ore Flow
Scooping
Rock Breaking
Ore Rehandling
Ore Crushing
Conveying
PERFORMED UNDER PRODUCTION

Secondary Blasting or Bouldering When properly initiated, commercial explosives are rapidly and violently converted into gases at a very high temperature and pressures. The rapid conversion of solids and liquids into gases is called detonation. The effectiveness of explosives in blasting is due to the speed with which the gas pressure is developed. The company then provided the appropriate explosives for the blasting of their ores. Here are of the explosives they use:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Powergel, 25mm x 300mm Powergel, 32mm x 300mm ANFO-Repacked (64:40 ratio) Ordinary Blasting Cap (OBC) with safety fuse Netex Detonator Fuse, 5g Cordtex Detonator Fuse, 10g Method Used in Secondary Blasting: 1. High Packing Method It is employed in bringing down hang-up or clogged large or blocks at the undercut level or within finger raise column. This method is used by providing a series of wooden ladders to reach clogged fragments. The supported large blocks of ore are drilled and blasted. This activity is undertaken by highly skilled miners and is supervised to strictly implement the SOPs. 2. Blasting Stick Method The method is used to bring hang-up at the undercut level or above the brow of the draw point. A considerable amount of ANFO in plastic cartridge and dynamite stick are tied around the end of the stick or pole. It is then wedged in between the large blocks of ore. Initiation is done at the slusher line through detonating cord. The strong shock which is generated by the blast will either bring down or break the large boulders. 3. Pop-Hole Drilling or Bouldering Clogged boulders are drilled by the pneumatic drills and the drill holes are charged with explosives.
4. Mud Capping
Considerable amount of explosives are plastered over large boulders with mud/clay. This amount is also done at the slusher lines to break the ore fragments into smaller sizes that can pass through the grizzly. Rock Breaking Equipment used: Rock Breaker Machine Basic parts: hoist, dipper, tilt, swing, breaker stick/fire Ore Extraction/Scooping/LHD Operation Equipment used: LHDs Cycle time: 165 seconds Distance between grizzly and LHD: 1m Contractor: BBF, Vanos
Bucket Factor of LHD Units No. Bucket Counts of LHD Units TORO 450D/TORO 1250 Bucket Factor at 90% Fill Factor 8.33 MT 1 2 8 17 7.50 MT 8 15 7.20 MT 7 14 5.99 MT 6 12 4.51 MT 5 9 ST 7.5 ST 1000/1010/1030 TORO 007/LH 410 TORO 300D/301D
93
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
25 33 42 50 58 67 75 83 92 100 108 117 125 133 142 150 158 167 175 183 192
23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75 83 90 98 105 113 120 128 135 143 150 158 165 173
22 29 36 43 50 58 65 72 79 86 94 101 108 115 122 130 137 144 151 158 166
18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 96 102 108 114 120 126 132 138
14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45 50 54 59 63 68 72 77 81 86 90 95 99 104
94
24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
200 208 217 225 233 242 250 258 267 275 283 292 300 308 317 325 333 342 350 358 367
180 188 195 203 210 218 225 233 240 248 255 263 270 278 285 293 300 308 315 323 330
173 180 187 194 202 209 216 223 230 238 245 252 259 266 274 281 288 295 302 310 317
144 150 156 162 168 174 180 186 192 198 204 210 216 222 228 234 240 246 252 258 264
108 113 117 122 126 131 135 140 144 149 153 158 162 167 171 176 180 185 189 194 198
95
45 46 47 48 49 50
375 383 392 400 408 417
338 345 353 360 368 375
324 331 338 346 353 360
270 276 282 288 294 300
203 207 212 216 221 226
Long Transfer Raise (LTR) and Feeder Belt Conveyor (FBC) Gathered Data about Conveyors and Crushers in the Production Conveyor/Crusher Length (m) Date Established FBC #1 FBC #2 FBC #4 FBC #5 FBC #6 408 528 320 440 175 Inclination (degrees) Rated (TPH) 6,976 8,268 12,256 12,256 8,268 Capacity
May 15, 1998 10.9 Sept. 5, 1998 Feb. 16, 2002 Feb. 18, 2007 Sept. 1998 8.78 2.15 5.46
16, 10.83
FBC #17
381
Nov. 2005
14, Plane
6,532
FBC #18
132
Nov. 2005
14, 10.83
6,532
Short
8.1
August 2007
Plane
3,488
96
By-pass Sacrificial 4-4 Crusher
22.17 35 C140 (previous name)
May 14, 1998 10 May 2009 April 2001 6
3,488 27,500 10,348
2-4 Crusher
C140
April 2001
2,962
*Tons per Hour (TPH) = (Average Amps 70) x Operation Time x 0.90 Cable Hauled Conveyor (CHC) Operation Length: 2.7 km (from production to mill primary crushing plant) Rated Capacity: 27,500 tph 3.3. Production and Average Ore Grade Philex Mining Corporation has a daily production of 26,000 MT per day with an average grade of 0.28% Cu and 0.674g Au/ton. Sources of ore tonnage came from 908 ML. The average concentrate produced is 24-27% Cu and 30-64g Au/ton. The ore is drawn by the action of gravity at 908 ML and then using LHD equipment or scoop trams and transported through transfer raises to 782 ML where CHC takes off towards the dump bin which is 2.7 km away from the orebody. 4. Mechanical/Electrical Services Group The Mechanical/Electrical Services Group is tasked to support the company operation with utmost efficiency to enable the operation group attain their objectives. The group particularly the mechanical services and electrical is primarily concerned in the proper generations and distributions and maintaining the 36-MW Benguet Power Plant and 500-kW Mini-Hydro. The Benguet Power Plant supplies of about 27% of the operation total power needs. The two compressed air plants also supplies 100-psi compressed air to the underground and mill. The Mobile Equipment Department on the other hand, transports
copper concentrate from the mine site to Poro. It also maintains all heavy equipments used in surface operations and light vehicles of the company. In doing so, the group exerts continuous effort toward underground planning, installation, maintenance and cost operation.
THE MILL DIVISION
The division is established to process the ore from the underground by processing it systematically in every areas of the mill plant. It is also the responsibility of the division to maintain the efficiency of the equipments they installed and monitor the daily metallurgical operation of the plant by simply conducting sampling of the basic parameters to control the quality of the final product. The samples are tested in advance to determine the recovery. They also carefully dispose the mill tails in the proper containment. MILL PROCESS DESCRIPTION
Primary Crushing Section
Coarse ore is delivered from the mine to the primary crushing plant via the cable hauled conveyor system (CHC) at the rate of 28,000 tons a day. The ore drops to three units of vibrating scalper each of which is atop a 2,438 mm x 6,096 mm dewatering screen with 9.5 mm opening. The minus 9.5 mm material is currently conveyed via a series of launders and canals to the slimes screen while the plus 9.5 mm material drops to a 5,600-ton capacity dump bin.
99
Underneath the dump bin are four units of apron feeders individually feeding four units of 762 mm x 1,067 mm jaw crusher. These jaw crushers are set at 100 mm closed side setting. The crushed product of each jaw crusher is fed onto four parallel conveyors each feeding to a unit of 1,524 mm x 4,877 mm washing screen with 9.5 mm opening. The oversize is conveyed to a 30,000 T capacity coarse ore stockpile (COS) while the undersize flows through a series of canals to the slimes screens. There are four units of 1,524 mm x 4,877 mm slimes screens with 2 mm opening. The last panel is however fitted with 12.7 mm screen. The minus 2 mm material, which is considered as the primary slimes, flows and is fed to the ball mill discharge sump box for cycloning. The minus 2.7 mm is conveyed to the fine ore bin while the oversize is brought to the secondary/tertiary crushing section. Part of the slime generated by the dewatering screen is fed to a bank of sieve bends (8 units) with 2 mm opening. The oversize of the sieve bends is conveyed to the fine ore bin (FOB) while the minus 2 mm material is fed to two units of rake classifier. The classifier sand is combined with the sieve bend oversize and is conveyed to the fine ore bin. The overflow of the rake classifier is fed to a cluster of hydrocyclones. The cyclone overflow is fed to a 7 m diameter x 9 m high slime surge or conditioning tank. These slimes are treated separately in a Wemco 164 flotation bank. The cyclone underflow is piped to the ball mill discharge sump box.
Secondary/Tertiary Crushing Section
100
From the COS, the ore is withdrawn and conveyed to a 675 T capacity surge bin. From this bin, the ore is then fed to three units of 1,676 mm standard cone crushers used for secondary crushing. The secondary crushers are set at 38 mm closed side setting. The crusher product is conveyed to a 2,800 T capacity surge bin. From this bin, the ore is withdrawn and fed to 16 units of 1,524 mm x 3,657 mm vibrating screen with 9.5 mm opening. The oversize of the screens is fed to seven units of 1,676 mm short head cone crushers. The tertiary crushers are set at 9.5 mm closed side setting. The tertiary crusher product combines with that of the secondary crusher product for screening. The setup is two vibrating screens in series with a tertiary crusher. The undersize of the screens is considered as the final product of the crushing plant and must be at least 73% passing 10 mm. This is conveyed to the FOB.
Grinding Section
101
There nine FOBs with an aggregate capacity of 17,000 T. From these bins the ore is withdrawn and fed to ball mills. There are nine ball mills of varying sizes ranging from 3,510 mm x 4,270 mm to 5,030 mm x 8,230 mm. Two mills serve as spare to sustain milling tonnage. All mills are charged with 32 35% steel ball loading at 45% 90mm and 55% 80 mm composition of cast steel balls. The circulating load average is around 300 450%. The cyclone overflow or finished product of the grinding section is normally 60 65% passing 200-mesh (74 micrometers) at 1,260 1,320 g/l pulp density. This material flows by gravity through four parallel trash screens before being fed to the flotation circuit. Flotation Section
c Co c 9 nc 1 0 Co nc
7
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
Wemc oC
st
1 Clean 2 2 2 er
8
c c Co Co nc nc
1 2 5 6
Co 3 nc TaCo 9 0 c ilsnc
Fe Co ed 4 1 3 cc 1 c nc 2 Ta c 7 Co Wemc ils oE Co nc Smart 6 5 1 1 2 cells 2 2 2 nc 9 0 1 2 3 2 2 2 Ta 8 4 5 6 Ta ils Wemc Co oD ils 10 units nc Sluice Recy
Boo ster Tan k
Main Flotation Feed Box Distributor
PHILEX MINING CORPORATION Launders cled
102
Co
proc ess wat
250 ft Thickener
Copper, gold, silver and sulphide minerals are separated from the waste or gangue portion of the ore by a rougher flotation circuit which comprises of six Wemco Smart Cells and four Wemco 164 banks, having a total volume of 1,206 m3. The rougher concentrate produced is upgraded in a three stage cleaning circuit. The first cleaning stage consists of 4 units of Wemco 164 with a volume of 113 m3 and the second and third cleaning stages consist of two units Column Flotation with a total volume of 170 m3. Tailings from the roughers are passed through parallel sluice launders to recover mineral values in the tails before it is fed to the tailings thickeners. Recovery of the mineral values is done daily. Rougher concentrate is piped to the first cleaner for upgrading. The first cleaner tails is pumped back and combined with the rougher feed. The first cleaner concentrate is pumped to the first Column Flotation serving as second cleaner. The first Column Flotation tails drops back and combined with the rougher concentrate which is fed to the first cleaner. The first Column Flotation concentrate is pumped to the second Column Flotation for final upgrading and the second column tails is recirculated back to the first column. Chemical reagents used to recover the minerals are sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) added at a dosage rate of 25 to 30 g/t and frother added on a as-required basis. SIBX serves as the collector for the values while frother is added to stabilize the froth.
The pH is also regulated at 10 to 10.5 in the roughers and 11.5 to 12 in the cleaners by the addition of quicklime. A milk of lime production facility handles the addition of quicklime. The table shows the capacity of the flotation bank. Flotation Bank Capacity At: Optimum Flotation Time = 25 mins. Optimum Pulp Density = 1,300 gpl Optimum % Solids = 37 Flotation Banks Factor for Aeration = 17% Total Flotation Bank Volume (m3) Total Flotation % Feed Total Feed Rate (tph) Solids (Total (m3) BM Slime) Wemco A Wemco B Wemco C Wemco D Wemco Smart Cell Total 1,206 1,001 100 1,155 3,125 1,970 198 198 255 255 300 164 164 212 212 249 16 16 21 21 26 189 189 245 245 287 512 512 662 662 777 323 323 417 417 490 + Slurry Water
Bank Effective Distribution Volume
1.5. Concentrate Handling Section

The final concentrate produced from the second column is first thickened in a 22.86 m diameter thickener before being fed to two units of 3,048 mm x 3,048 mm drum filter. The dewatered final concentrate filter cake having a moisture content of 10 to 11% is hauled by trucks for shipment to contracted copper smelters in Japan. 1.6. Tailings Disposal and Water Handling The final tails coming out of the rougher flotation is piped to two units of 76.2 m diameter thickeners for water reclamation. The thickener overflow is recirculated back to the plant as process water while the underflow flows to the tailings pond for impoundment. Additional fresh water is also pumped from Sal-angan creek. A system for flocculants addition is provided in case the need arises. 2. Mill Maintenance The department practices area maintenance policy, a policy supervised by a general foreman and coordinated planner. The mill is subdivided into four main areas namely: 14. 15. 16. 17. Primary Crushing Secondary Crushing Grinding Flotation and Thickening Plant The gold recovery equipment is maintained in designated area where they are installed. Metallurgy Department The Metallurgy Department is composed of four sections: Plant Metallurgy and ISA Section This section is responsible in monitoring the day to day activities concerning metallurgical operation of the plant, preparing the mill reagents and ensuring that the said
reagents are readily available for use in the milling operations, maintaining the reagent mixers, feeders and pipelines, conducting screen analysis for mill samples and ensuring the availability of the In-Stream Analysis equipment to monitor the copper analysis and density at selected streams. Quality Control and Sampling Section They are responsible in conducting sampling in the mill process streams, monitoring it during mill reagents addition and also the ball mill cyclone overflow densities, pulp pH, pulp density, pulp boxes, spillages, screen opening. They are also getting samples for the Quick Assay Monitor and determining the moisture content of ball mill feed, filter cake and hauled concentrate to Poro. The following are metallurgical parameters that are closely minotored: Metallurgical Parameters Steel ball, gpt Lime, gpt SIBX, gpt Frother, gpt Power, kwhr/ton Work Index Ball mill product size, %+65 mesh Final tailing, %-200 mesh pH at rougher pH at cleaner Flotation pulp density, g/l Productivity Indices for 2010 376 1,000 30 16 18.06 69 60 65 10 10.5 11.5 12.0 1,270 1,300
106
Sampling then is done every hour in most of the sampling points except in the final flotation tails in which the automatic cutter is set at 15-minute interval and in copper lot in which sample is taken in every bucket load of the front end loader. These samples are analyzed in selected areas. Mill reagents additions are measured every hour. Points of addition as well as the adjustments of the reagents are checked from time to time in order to maintain the exact recovery of gold and copper. The table shows the areas where it is regularly controlled. MET Quality Control Section Regular Samples Sample Sampling Point Method Sample Purpose Analysis Needed 1.Conveyor #15 Discharge conveyor of Automatic cutter Met.Acctg./R&D Cu, Au,
CuO, water, screen, SG, wl
2.Cyclone overflow
Common cyclone Manual cut launder of each mill
Control parameter
PD screen
3.Slimes 1
Canal
at Manual cut
Met.Acctg./R&D/Geo. Cu, CuO,
Au,
secondary/tertiary crushing plant
screen, SG, PD
4.Slimes 2
Flowlip of slime Automatic cutter distribution box
Au,
screen, SG, PD, pH
107
5.Main flotation feed
Main
flotation Submersible cutter
Au,
distribution box
screen, PD, pH
6.Rougher tails Discharge pipeline 6.1.Wemco A Discharge box Discharge pipeline 6.2.Wemco B Discharge pipeline Discharge 6.3.Wemco C pipeline tails Manual cut Control Parameter Cu, Au tails Manual cut Control Parameter Cu, Au tails tails Manual cut Manual cut Control Parameter Control Parameter Cu, Au Cu, Au tails Manual cut Control Parameter Cu, Au
6.4.Wemco D
6.5.AgitAir 7.Final flotation tails Convergence point of tailings line Automatic cutter Met.Acctg./R&D/Geo. Cu, CuO, screen, PD Au,
108
8.First
Feed box of first Submersible cutter
Control Parameter
Cu, pH
cleaner feed cleaner tank 9.First cleaner concentrate 10.First Discharge
Discharge end of Manual cut overflow launder
Control Parameter
Cu, Au
of Manual cut tails
R&D/Geo.
Cu, Au
cleaner tails cleaner pump #1 11.Second cleaner concentrate 12.Second cleaner tails 13.Third cleaner concentrate 14.Third Not available
Feed box of third Submersible cleaner cell cutter
Control Parameter
Cu, Au
Control Parameter
Cu
Feedwell of 75-ft Automatic cutter thickener
Control Parameter
Cu, Au
Discharge end of Manual cut
Control Parameter
Cu
cleaner tails tails line 15.Filter cake Discharge cake of Manual cut filter machine Met.Acctg./R&D/Geo. Cu, Au, Ag, water, screen 16.Copper lot Bucket of loader Manual cut Met.Acctg./R&D Cu, Au, Ag, water, screen 17.Special samples
109
17.1.for microscopic Items 1, 3, 4, 5, Automatic/manual Geology 10 and 15 cut For petrographic analysis
Metallurgical Test and Research Section They are responsible for all metallurgical tests in which findings are applied in the milling operation. The results then are used as reference. The samples from mine underground are tested in advance to determine their recoveries. They are also responsible for the evaluation of new technologies needed in the operation.
Mill Engineering Section It is responsible for all projects being undertaken in the mill plant. It is involved in the studies being conducted from crushing through ball mill, flotation, filtering, and thickening. They are also into procurement of mill equipment and spare parts; computes and monitors the steel ball charges and the equipment and parts performance. Assay Department Assay Department is tasked in the metallurgical accounting of production, and the mode of calculation and actual production. A daily calculation of both methods is done to determine the variance. The resulted variance between the two methods is reconciled monthly following the actual production of concentrate of copper. The actual gold bullion production is also reconciled with estimated gold grams from amalgam. The variances are adjusted to the copper and gold feed grade. There is a future plan, however, to revise the computation of the daily production and to reconcile the mine ore delivery with the tons milled.
Concentrate produced every shift are hauled to Poro to accumulate the required tonnage for shipment. Daily deliveries are recorded and monitored. The weights and moisture loss are submissive on the system loading. The inventory of concentrate is adjusted based on the report of Poro regarding the concentrate leftover. Productivity Indices for 2010 Particulars Milling monthly Milling Tonnage, daily Heads, Cu Heads, Au Concentrate Grade, Cu Grade, Au Moisture Tails Grade, Cu Tails Grade, Au Metals Produced Cu Kgs. Lbs. Au Grams Oz. 1,262,019 2,782,273 308,555 9,920 DMT % g/t DMT % g/t % % g/t 25,000 0.220 0.550 5,589 25.00 58.14 11.50 0.040 0.110 Unit Tonnage, DMT Productivity Indices for 2010 700,000
111
Different Assay Analyses Conducted by the Department: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Sample Preparation Primary Crusher (Jaw Crusher) Roller Crusher Pulverizer Drying Oven Fire Assay (Au and Ag Analysis) Fusion Furnace Cupellation Furnace Annealing Furnace Pulp Balance (Top Loading) MicroBalance Chemical Laboratory (Metals in Ore Analysis) Hot Plate Digester Microwave Digester Digital Burette Analytical Balance Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) Magnetic Stirrer Water Bath
20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.
Mechanical Shaker Used Oil and Water Analysis Laboratory Analytical Balance Soxhlet Apparatus Distilling Flask Hot Plate Viscometer
TAILINGS POND Padcal Mine Tailings Containment System Before then, Pres. Marcos enacted a law known as Pollution Control Law in 1976, the company started the construction of its first dam. It is composed of slurry materials of finely ground materials of gangue minerals produced after the extraction of valuable minerals. From the Banget mill which is 27 km long tailings tunnel and received by three parallel 16 inches diameter pipelines of about 4 km long. Before discharging the containment area or the main dam, the slurry passes through a cyclone to separate the coarse sands from the fines or slimes. The coarse sand is conveyed downstream to build the dikes supporting the main dam. The fines are deposited at the main dam where the process of decantation takes place such that only clean water is released through the penstocks to join the receiving body of water, in this case, the Balog River which is a tributary of the Agno River. The effluent is monitored from its total suspended solids and heavy metals as prescribed in the DENR AO#35 series 1990. The PMC has constructed three impounding dams.
113
The construction of Tailings Dam No.1 began on December 1967 at a cost of P8.633 million and was immediately put into operation in April 1971. This dam is longer operative for tailings impounding but still is being maintained. The total metric ton tailings impounded was about 85.2 million DMT. Tailings Dam No.2, on the other hand, was started on July 1973 and completed December 1981 at a cost of P37.137 million. Its operation started on the same year where it was completed receiving an average of 50% of the mill tailings, while the other 50% remained at Tailings Dam No.1 for the continuous build-up of its Toe Dam downstream. Tailings impounded at Dam No.2 were about 76.4 million DMT. The construction of Tailings Dam No.3 was started in September 1983 and became operational in April 1992. As the impounding operation progresses crest of the main rock fill dam, its downstream supporting benches and the penstocks are being raised to maintain the required free board. Total construction cost at dam no.3 as of January 31, 2010 was 331 million pesos. Its impounding capacity is 142.6 million DMT with a height of 160 meters.
The Tailings Pond
114
The company is very aware of its commitment to protect its environment from the effects of pollution that it may cause due to its mining and milling operations. In this regard, Philex has constructed three impounding dams.
The first pond as the tailings dam no.1 was completed in 1971 at a total cost of 8.8 million pesos, with a depth of 122 meters. It has ten years of its usage. Due to limited capacity of this dam, the construction of the second dam was made. Tailings dam no. 2 was constructed between the years 1971-1981 with the total cost of 37.3 million pesos. It had 11 years of usage from 1981-1992. The dams were being utilized continuously to contain the mill tailings from the Benguet Concentrator. With the average of milling capacity of 27,000 DMS per day, the combine service life of the dams were only up to 1986 only. Tailings dam no.3 was designed and constructed from the year 1983 to 1995. It has the 6.6 DMT capacities that it could accommodate. Until now. Dam no.3 is being utilized. Table 1 indicates the expected useful life, area, capacity, and status of Philex Mines three tailings ponds.
115
Table 1 . Philex tailings pond, expected useful life, area, capacity, and status
Tailing Pond/ Dam
Expected Years of Useful Life
Surface Area (hectares
Designed Impounding Capacity metric tons (in Status
Tailing Pond #1
10
26.16
85,259.975
Closed in 1981
Tailing Pond #2
11
28.19
72,067,331
Closed in1992
Tailing Pond #3
18-20
63.08
142,000,000
Active
MAJOR AWARDS/CITITIONS
116
PHILEX
WINS
NATIONAL
OUTSTANDING
VOLUNTEER
AWARD
It's another feather added to Philex's cap! Philex Mining Corporation was conferred with another distinction, this time, as a NATIONAL OUTSTANDING VOLUNTEER AWARDEE Organization (Corporate) category. The award, conferred by the Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency under the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), is in recognition of the Companys exemplary volunteerism in the protection and preservation of life under emergency circumstances. Over the years, Philex has taken on a very active role in civic volunteer work, most notably in emergency rescue and retrieval operations all over the country. For this year alone, the Company has extended assistance in at least four tragic incidents, Benguet. in Tinoc, Ifugao, Mayantoc, Tarlac, Kias, Baguio City and La Trinidad, It has also assisted in the clearing operations along Kennon Road and Naguilian
117
Road as a result of the devastation brought about by TyphoonPepeng. On December 10, 2009, the Philex delegation headed by Engr. Joel S. Son personally received the award in Malacaang from no less than the President of the Philippines, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. Earlier, Philex Mining Corporation, Engr. Joel S. Son and Hilario R. Villanueva were selected as Regional Winners in the Search for Outstanding Volunteers in the organization and individual categories respectively. The awards were given by Benguet Governor Nestor Fongwan and NEDA-CAR Regional Director, Juan B. Ngalob on the occasion of the Regional Development Council En Banc meeting in La Trinidad, Benguet on November 13, 2009.
Once more, Philex stands proud! Mabuhay ang Philex!
118
PHILEX HAILED BEST MINING FOREST
At a testimonial dinner at the CAMP - John Hay Convention Center in Baguio City on November 22, 2008, Philex took top honors as it received the Best Mining Forest award for fiscal year 2007 2008 during the 55th Annual National Mine Safety &
EnvironmentConference.Started in 1989 pursuant to a Government directive, the Adopt-aMountain, Adopt-a-Mining Forest mandates all mining companies to conduct reforestation / afforestation within or outside their active mining operation areas. The program was renamed The Mining Forest Program on October 26, 2005, per NEC Resolution No. 2005-02, to make it separate and distinct from other DENR Reforestation Programs.
The criteria in the selection for this recognition are:
119
Development Plans long and short range plans Nursery operations Extent of Planted Area - new plantation, total planted area, ratio of planted over Maintenance and protection density, survival rate, no. of persons involved Biodiversity consideration specie diversity, tree endemicity, wildlife migration Others Research/studies on Reforestation, IEC on reforestation community
disturbed area
involvement
The first, second and third runners-up for distinction went to Apex Mining Co., Inc., Philex Gold Phils., Inc. Bulawan Operation and Philex Gold Phils., Inc. Sibutad Project, respectively. Last year, Philex Padcal also won the top honors for the same recognition.
In the same event, Engr. Joel Son, Safety Department Manager, received an award of distinction in relation to the rescue and recovery operations Philex has been extending through the country, the latest of which was the Gold Field Mine, Antamok tragedy where 10 miners survived and 6 perished.
The only metal mining company in the Philippines awarded with ISO 14001 Certification
120
(Certificate No.: CI/1097 issued on 10 September 2002) even before the promulgation and implementation of DENR Administrative Order 14, Series 2003. This certification is based on the companys self regulation toward Improved Environmental Performance.
Presidential Award for Heroism - The companys commitment to help in the countrys rebuilding after natural disaster has been recognized through a Presidential Award for Heroism in the aftermath of the February 20, 2006 Ginsaugon, Leyte landslide and the July 16, 1990 earthquake in Baguio City. The photograph shows the Padcal Mine Safety Manager receiving the award from Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Reforestation/Environment Awards:
2008, 2007, 2004, 2000-2002, 1994, 1991 - Champion: "Best Mining Forest" 2008 - Platinum Award (Silangan Mindanao Mining Company, Inc.) given by the Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Awards (PMIEA)
2007 - ASEAN Outstanding Engineering Achievement Award (ASEAN Federation of Engineers Organization (AFEO)
2005 - 2006, 2003, 1996-1999, 1990 - First Runner-Up - "Adopt-A-Mountain, Adopt-AMining Forest"
121
2002, 2003, 2004 - Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Award, Boyongan Exploration Project DENR/PMSEA
1998 - Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Platinum Award - DENR/PMSEA 1995 - Likas Yaman Awardee - Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) 1983 - Four Green Stars (Highest award given to a mining company in the Philippines) International Loss Control Institute
Community Development, Health, Labor, & Others:
2008 - Special Award of Recognition for unselfish service extended during time of crises (PMSEA) 2003 2000 Kapatiran 2001 Award: Strategic Visioning FIRM Award ECOP - ECOP
CHILD-FRIENDLY
1999 - Commendation to the Philex Rescuers who helped in the Lumban, Laguna Tragedy (DILG) 1997 - HAMIS Silver Award - Integrated Community Development Programs in Health Care DOH/German Agency for Technical Management Cooperation
1997 - CAR's Most Outstanding Firm with Family Welfare Program - DOLE 1997 - Hall of Fame Award - Outstanding Lupong Tagapamayapa (under the Katarungang Pambarangay Program; first barangay in the country to achieve Hall of Fame status) 1996 - One of the Most Outstanding Workplace in the CAR - DOH-CAR 1995 SPEC Employer of the Year Appreciation Award - DOLE
1995 - One of the 50 Model Communities in the World by the "We the Peoples' Organization" of the United Nations
1995 - Recognition - Municipality of Itogon - Community development projects 1994 - HAMIS Bronze Award for Integrated Community Development Programs in Health Care Management DOH
122
1994
Hall
of
Fame
Award
for
Family
Welfare
Programs
DOLE
1993 - One of the Philippines' 10 Best Managed Firms - Asiamoney's Survey 1993 Recognition for Family Welfare Programs DOLE
1992 - 1994 - One of the Philippines' 20 Most Oustanding Firms With Family Welfare Program DOLE
1992 - Acknowledgement - Ligay Community PTA/Ligay Catholic Mission - Road and community 1991 development KABISIG Award programs. DTI
Safety Awards:
1994,
1975-1993, Philippine
1969 Mine
Safest Safety
Underground/Block &
Cave
Mining
Operation (PMSEA)
Environmental Association
1978-1979 - Safest Concentrator - Philippine Mine Safety and Environmental Association (PMSEA) 1977 - Exemplary Performance and Contribution to Safety Movement in the Philippine Mining IndustrySafety Organization of the Philippines (SOPI)
123
MAJOR AWARDS/CITITIONS
PHILEX WINS NATIONAL OUTSTANDING VOLUNTEER AWARD
It's another feather added to Philex's cap! Philex Mining Corporation was conferred with another distinction, this time, as a NATIONAL OUTSTANDING VOLUNTEER AWARDEE Organization (Corporate) category. The award, conferred by the Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency under the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), is in recognition of the Companys exemplary volunteerism in the protection and preservation of life under emergency circumstances. Over the years, Philex has taken on a very active role in civic volunteer work, most notably in emergency rescue and retrieval operations all over the country. For this year alone, the Company has extended assistance in at least four tragic incidents, in Tinoc, Ifugao, Mayantoc, Tarlac, Kias, Baguio City and La Trinidad,
124
Benguet.
It has also assisted in the clearing operations along Kennon Road and Naguilian
Road as a result of the devastation brought about by TyphoonPepeng. On December 10, 2009, the Philex delegation headed by Engr. Joel S. Son personally received the award in Malacaang from no less than the President of the Philippines, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. Earlier, Philex Mining Corporation, Engr. Joel S. Son and Hilario R. Villanueva were selected as Regional Winners in the Search for Outstanding Volunteers in the organization and individual categories respectively. The awards were given by Benguet Governor Nestor Fongwan and NEDA-CAR Regional Director, Juan B. Ngalob on the occasion of the Regional Development Council En Banc meeting in La Trinidad, Benguet on November 13, 2009. Once more, Philex stands proud! Mabuhay ang Philex!
125
PHILEX HAILED BEST MINING FOREST
At a testimonial dinner at the CAMP - John Hay Convention Center in Baguio City on November 22, 2008, Philex took top honors as it received the Best Mining Forest award for fiscal year 2007 2008 during the 55th Annual National Mine Safety &
EnvironmentConference.Started in 1989 pursuant to a Government directive, the Adopt-aMountain, Adopt-a-Mining Forest mandates all mining companies to conduct reforestation / afforestation within or outside their active mining operation areas. The program was renamed The Mining Forest Program on October 26, 2005, per NEC Resolution No. 2005-02, to make it separate and distinct from other DENR Reforestation Programs.
The criteria in the selection for this recognition are:
126
Development Nursery
Plans
long
and
short
range
plans
operations
Extent of Planted Area - new plantation, total planted area, ratio of planted over area Maintenance and protection density, survival rate, no. of persons involved Biodiversity consideration specie diversity, tree endemicity, wildlife Others Research/studies on Reforestation, IEC on reforestation community
disturbed
migration
involvement
The first, second and third runners-up for distinction went to Apex Mining Co., Inc., Philex Gold Phils., Inc. Bulawan Operation and Philex Gold Phils., Inc. Sibutad Project, respectively. Last year, Philex Padcal also won the top honors for the same recognition.
In the same event, Engr. Joel Son, Safety Department Manager, received an award of distinction in relation to the rescue and recovery operations Philex has been extending through the country, the latest of which was the Gold Field Mine, Antamok tragedy where 10 miners survived and 6 perished.
127
The only metal mining company in the Philippines awarded with ISO 14001 Certification (Certificate No.: CI/1097 issued on 10 September 2002) even before the promulgation and implementation of DENR Administrative Order 14, Series 2003. This certification is based on the companys self regulation toward Improved Environmental Performance.
Presidential Award for Heroism - The companys commitment to help in the countrys rebuilding after natural disaster has been recognized through a Presidential Award for Heroism in the aftermath of the February 20, 2006 Ginsaugon, Leyte landslide and the July 16, 1990 earthquake in Baguio City. The photograph shows the Padcal Mine Safety Manager receiving the award from Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Reforestation/Environment Awards:
2008, 2007, 2004, 2000-2002, 1994, 1991 - Champion: "Best Mining Forest" 2008 - Platinum Award (Silangan Mindanao Mining Company, Inc.) given by the Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Awards (PMIEA) 2007 - ASEAN Outstanding Engineering Achievement Award (ASEAN Federation of Engineers Organization (AFEO) 2005 - 2006, 2003, 1996-1999, 1990 - First Runner-Up - "Adopt-A-Mountain, Adopt-A-
128
Mining Forest" 2002, 2003, 2004 - Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Award, Boyongan Exploration Project - DENR/PMSEA 1998 - Presidential Mineral Industry Environmental Platinum Award - DENR/PMSEA 1995 - Likas Yaman Awardee - Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) 1983 - Four Green Stars (Highest award given to a mining company in the Philippines) International Loss Control Institute
Community Development, Health, Labor, & Others:
2008 - Special Award of Recognition for unselfish service extended during time of crises (PMSEA) 2003 - Kapatiran Award: Strategic Visioning - ECOP 2000 - 2001 - CHILD-FRIENDLY FIRM Award - ECOP 1999 - Commendation to the Philex Rescuers who helped in the Lumban, Laguna Tragedy (DILG) 1997 - HAMIS Silver Award - Integrated Community Development Programs in Health Care Management DOH/German Agency for Technical Cooperation 1997 - CAR's Most Outstanding Firm with Family Welfare Program - DOLE 1997 - Hall of Fame Award - Outstanding Lupong Tagapamayapa (under the Katarungang Pambarangay Program; first barangay in the country to achieve Hall of Fame status) 1996 - One of the Most Outstanding Workplace in the CAR - DOH-CAR 1995 - SPEC Employer of the Year Appreciation Award - DOLE 1995 - One of the 50 Model Communities in the World by the "We the Peoples' Organization" of the United Nations 1995 - Recognition - Municipality of Itogon - Community development projects 1994 - HAMIS Bronze Award for Integrated Community Development Programs in Health
129
Care Management - DOH 1994 - Hall of Fame Award for Family Welfare Programs - DOLE 1993 - One of the Philippines' 10 Best Managed Firms - Asiamoney's Survey 1993 - Recognition for Family Welfare Programs - DOLE 1992 - 1994 - One of the Philippines' 20 Most Oustanding Firms With Family Welfare Program - DOLE 1992 - Acknowledgement - Ligay Community PTA/Ligay Catholic Mission - Road and community development programs. 1991 - KABISIG Award - DTI
Safety Awards:
1994, 1975-1993, 1969 - Safest Underground/Block Cave Mining Operation Philippine Mine Safety & Environmental Association (PMSEA) 1978-1979 - Safest Concentrator - Philippine Mine Safety and Environmental Association (PMSEA) 1977 - Exemplary Performance and Contribution to Safety Movement in the Philippine Mining IndustrySafety Organization of the Philippines (SOPI)
V. Summary of Weekly Activities Activity OJT Orientation Duration 6 days Schedule Date April 10 - 15, 2012 Subtotal 6 days x 8 hrs. = 48 hrs. MINE PLANNING AND DESIGN SECTION(c/o BS PALMA) 8 hrs.x 2 days =16hrs. April16-17, 2012
130
MINE SURVEYING SECTION(c/o R.S FIDELLO) DRAW CONTROL SECTION (c/o BL Tamargo)
8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs. 8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs.
April 18-19, 2012
April 20-21, 2012
Rock Mechanics Section (c/o J.E AGUSTIN)
8 hrs.x 2 days= 16 hrs.
April 22-23, 2012 Subtotal 8 days x 8 hrs. = 64 hrs. Mine Development (c/o Shift Managers and Development Supervisors) Horizontal Driving and Rock Bolting 3 days April 24 26, 2012 Rock Support Installation 3 days April 27 29, 2012 Fanhole Drilling 3 days April 30-May02, 2012 Vertical Driving 4 days May 03 May 06, 2012 Subtotal 13 days x 8 hrs. = 106 hrs. Mine Production (c/o Shift Managers and Production Supervisors)
131
Ore Extraction/Scooping/LHD Operation
3 days
May 07 09, 2012
Ore Rehandling
3 days
May 10 12, 2012
CHC and FBC Operation
4 days
May 13 16, 2012
Rock breaking
3 days
May 17 19, 2012
Subtotal
13 days x 8 hrs. = 106 hrs.
ASSAY Lab (c/o E.A Aquino)
2 days x 8 hrs. = 16 hrs.
May 20 21, 2012 May 22, 2012 May 23, 2012 May 24, 2012 May 25, 2012
Mill Plant Terminal Report Writing Evaluation Panel Interview Subtotal
1 day 1 day 1 day 1 day 6 days x 8 hrs. = 48 hrs. Total 360 hrs.
132
Remarks and Recommendations
Learning Comments
Recommendations Based on the training which the trainee had experienced, he frankly recommends to the company: To give trainees the ensued assignments before they start their duties. Based on the trainees observation, some managers, supervisors, and foremen seemed unprepared on what to do. The students then tend to get bored and wait without any accomplished work until the training is over.
133
To provide trainees the complete Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) for their safety as they expose on the actual operation in underground working milieu.
To assign a well-informed personnel who will serve as a guide to student-trainees. The working men should also be aware on what to teach to them. They should complement from one another.
To effect the correct Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in every activity within the working area. Some of the mineros tend to disobey it as what the trainee observed.
To be strict in the attendance of the trainees. It should be checked always to detect the absentees.
ELCASMER G. ACEDO Author Appendix
PICTORAILS:
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Table of contents

Page Nos. i ii iii iv v

.................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................

.................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................

.................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

The Mine Division

B. Mine development department

C. Mine production department

D. Mechanical/Electrical services Group .........................

The Mill Division

C. Metallurgy test and research section

D. Mill Engineering section

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Environmental and Community Relation

D. The security department

Part III-Appendix A. B. Pictorials Other documents

....................................... ....................................... ....................................

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE TRAINING

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

GENERAL TRAINING SCHEDULE

Duration 7:30 AM 4:00 PM

Schedule Date April 10, 2012

April 11, 2012

April 12, 2012

April 13, 2012

April 14, 2012 April 15, 2012

8 hrs.x 2 days =16hrs.

8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs.

April 18-19, 2012

8 hrs. x 2 days=16 hrs.

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Horizontal Driving and Rock Bolting

Rock Support Installation

Operation Ore Rehandling

CHC and FBC Operation

ASSAY Lab (c/o E.A Aquino)

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Social and Environmental Responsibility

Respect for Individuals

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Figure 1. Incorporation and ownership of Philex Mining Corporation

Figure 2. Production in 1958 started at 800 tons per day

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Figure 3. Philex Pacdal area In 1958

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND STAFF (As of February 15, 2012)

Manuel V. Pangilinan Chairman

Juan B. Santos Vice Chairman

PHILEX MINING CORPORATION

Manuel V. Pangilinan Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Juan B. Santos Vice Chairman

Libby R. Ricafort Vice President Resident Manager , Padcal Operations

Eulalio B. Austin, Jr. President and Chief Operating Officer