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MIS IS PLANNING

Systems Development Life Cycle


Feasibility & Planning Goals & plans Systems Analysis Proposal Problems & Improvements Business requirements Systems Design

Technical Design

Systems Implementation

New System Existing System


problems revisions problems revisions

Systems Maintenance: Incremental changes

Feasibility Analysis
n n n n n

Technical Motivational Economical Operational Schedule

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MIS Planning

What is planning?
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Planning is deciding what to do before you do it.

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MIS Planning

What is the mission of the TIMM IS?


To make services more efficient and more effective by (1) automating, where possible, the collection of data. (2) fully integrating all dated collected and used by Metropolitan Hospital. (3) providing access to outside medical data. (4) making that data and information easily accessible in real time in every setting in the hospital where it can contribute to providing the highest quality care.

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MIS Planning

How does the TIMM IS advance the mission of the hospital?


The mission of the hospital is to provide state-ofthe-art medical care in a wide range of disciplines. The TIMM IS would improve those services and, by making them more efficient, also make them available to more people.

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MIS Planning

What is the vision of the TIMM IS? (What does the team see the hospital being able to do three and five years from now with it that it cannot do now?) The team didnt feel equipped to answer this question fully yet, but there was a sense that the key to the power of the TIMM IS was interconnectivity and that wireless networking would be a seminal feature of the system.

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MIS Planning

Organizational planning process


n

n n n n

Evaluating what they have accomplished and what they have acquired Analyzing their environment Anticipating future developments Deciding on what goals they want to achieve Deciding what actions to take to achieve their goals

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MIS Planning

Planning Process
Analyze the organizations environment

Forecast internal and external developments

Establish mission goals objectives

Develop Strategies Policies Tactics Develop implementation methods and control


MIS Planning

Articulate the organization s plan

Evaluate accomplishments and resources Feedback


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Top-down
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Bottom-up
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Identify Management
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Functions and Operations

Management Functions Functions

n n n

n n

Entire Organization Design Systems


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Standards! Integrate Write code Build DB Find a problem

Data Programs

Operations Databases

Operations Databases

Operations Databases Databases

Databases

Programs Programs

Programs Programs

Programs Programs

Programs Programs

Programs

Steps of Information system planning


Corporate Mission
IS Mission IS Vision IS Strategic Plan IS Tactical Plans Operational Plans Budget

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Mission

Reason for being it is a statement of the basic purpose or purposes for which the organization exists. e.g. to supply the energy to the consumer General statement of what is to be accomplished. e.g. reduce time to respond to service request without increasing number of service personnel General approaches to achieving goals. e.g. becoming low cost producer in its industry
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Goals

Strategies

Objectives

Statement of measurable results to be achieved. e.g. specific increases in earning per share More specific guides to actions that would implement strategies. e.g. increasing investment in automation General guidelines that direct & constrain decision making within a organization. e.g. promoting from within

Tactics

Policy

Rules & More specific statements that direct decision Procedures making. e.g. hiring employees, rules protecting employees jobs
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Role of top management in IS planning


n n n

Recognize IT as an indispensible resource Understand that IT is a complex resource Regard IT as owned by the entire organization Regard ISs as a source for gaining strategic goals View ISs as a tool to control power
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MIS PLANNING

STRATEGIC PLANNING

TACTICAL PLANNING

OPERATIONAL PLANNING

Enterprise Assessment Analysis: Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies

Environmental Analysis: Assess IS Environment

Develop Strategic Information System Plan

Assess Organizations Information Requirements

Assemble Master Development Plan

Develop Resource Allocation Plan

Develop Operational Plan

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STRATEGIC PLANNING

Enterprise Assessment Analysis: Organization Mission, Goals, Strategies - Review strategic organization plan - Identify major claimant groups and their objectives - Identify strategic organization initiatives

Environmental Analysis: Assess IS Environment Strategic IS opportunities Current business environment New technology Current applications portfolio Current IS resources Stage of IS maturity

IS Strategies, Mission, and Goals Overall information architecture Resource allocation mechanism Major applications objectives

Develop Strategic Information System Plan :

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MIS Planning

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TACTICAL PLANNING
Assess Organizations Information Requirements Current information needs Projected information needs Assemble Master Development Plan IS project definition Project ranking
Multiyear development schedule Develop Resource Allocation Plan Hardware plan Software plan Personnel plan Telecommunications Network plan Facilities plan Financial plan

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OPERATIONAL PLANNING

Develop Operational Plan Annual operating budget Individual project plans

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MIS Planning

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MIS Planning Methodology


n n n n

Business System Planning (BSP) Critical Success Factors (CSF) Strategic Information Planning Nolan stage model of growth

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BSP (IBM)
Bottom-Up Implementation

Business Mission and Objectives


Top-Down Planning Business Processes Business Application

Business Data

Operational Database

Information System Architecture


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Information Architecture
n

IA provides a blue print for IT infrastructure in an organization. It integrates business strategy and IS strategy What, When, Where, and How

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MIS Planning

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Information Architecture
n

IA is develop to meet the following requirements:


- Support the information flows - Facilitate communication between people - Enable management to rethink business strategies

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MIS Planning

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Weaknesses of BSP Method


n n

BSP requires a firm commitment from the top management and their substantial involvement It requires high degree of IT experience within the BSP planning team There is a problem of bridging the gap between top down planning and bottom up implementation It does not incorporate a software design methodology It is time consumable methods and effort required for its successful implementation
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CSF (John Rockert)


Gather Individual Management CSF Refine Aggregate Individual Management CSF Develop Management Agreement on Company CSF Define and Develop Ways to Measure Company CSF

Define an Information Architecture

Define an IS Application Portfolio

Define IS Development Project Priorities

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MIS Planning

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Weaknesses of CSF method


n n

It does not define information architecture CSFs partly reflect a particular executives management styles There is more potential errors in the process of extracting individual CSFs and combining them into a common set of critical factors for organizational success

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MIS Planning

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Strategic Information Planning


(Arthur Andersen & Co.s)
Business and Competitive Assessment Scope Definition/ Organization Information Technology Opportunities Information Technology Strategy Organization Plan

Data/Application Plan

Implementation Plan

Present Status Assessment Preplanning Strategic Planning

Technology Plan Tactical Planning


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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY General Approach


n

Analytical Process and Systems Approach n Defining problems. n Identifying causes. n Describing alternatives and opportunities. n Investigating solutions. n Presenting findings, conclusions, and recommendations. Action Plan n Making decisions. n Planning projects. n Implementing solution(s). 6/9/12 10:30 MIS Planning

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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Four Distinct Phases


PHASE I DATA COLLECTION PHASE II DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING

Management Environment

Internal Community Analysis

Organizational Needs

Marketing Plan

Organizational Infrastructure

Historical Performance Assessment

Situational Analysis

Strategic Issues

Future Vision

Strategic Direction

Tactical Plan

External Environment

External Environment Analysis 6/9/12 10:30

Available Alternatives

Funding Plan

MIS Planning

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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase I Data Collection


Management Environment Organizations Technology Governance Policies and Procedures Organizational Infrastructure

To Phase II

Support Infrastructure Applications External Environment State Government Federal Government External Projects
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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase II Data Diagnosis


From Phase I Internal Community Analysis Strengths Weaknesses To Phase III

Historical Performance Assessment

Situational Analysis

Issues Options

External Environment Analysis


Opportunities Threats
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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase III Strategy Formulation


Organizational Needs From Phase II From Phase IV

Alignment Goals

To Phase IV

Strategic Issues Requirements Priorities Capabilities

Future Vision Business Infrastructure Operations/Support Long-Term

Available Alternatives

To Phase IV
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Standards Flexibility Growth


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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY Phase IV Implementation Planning


From Phase III To Phase III

Marketing Plan Governor Legislature

Strategic Direction Benchmarks Initiatives Priorities Strategies

Tactical Plan Projects Resources Budgets Milestones

Funding Plan

From Phase III


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State Funds Federal Grants


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STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGY


PHASE I DATA COLLECTION PHASE II DATA DIAGNOSIS PHASE III STRATEGY FORMULATION PHASE IV IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING

Management Environment

Internal Community Analysis

Organizational Needs

Marketing Plan

Organizational Infrastructure

Historical Performance Assessment

Situational Analysis

Strategic Issues

Future Vision

Strategic Direction

Tactical Plan

External Environment

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Available Alternatives

Funding Plan

MIS Planning

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Challenges in IS Planning
n n

n n

Foreseeing the future Difficulty in Communicating between user and system personnel Ensuring fit between business strategy and IS strategy Difficulty in developing complex systems Difficulty in Maintaining IS Performance
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Make a group of each specialization


n

Identify all the processes of


Finance (for Finance) Marketing (for Marketing) HRM (for HRM) Information System (for ISM)

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MIS Planning

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Nolan Six Stage Model

Transition Point

Stage1 Initiation

Stage2 Contagion

Stage3 Control

Stage4 Integration
MIS Planning

Stage5 Data Administration

Stage6 Maturity
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Nolan Six Stage Model


Initial Technology Data Processing Growth Curves Next Technology Data Resources

Technology Shift

Initiation Contagion Control


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Initiation Contagion Control


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