Académique Documents
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Washington, DC 20002
Tel: 202-408-1080
Fax: 202-408-1056
center@cbpp.org
www.cbpp.org
SNAP ON-LINE:
A REVIEW OF STATE GOVERNMENT SNAP WEBSITES
All states make information regarding the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP),
formerly known as the Food Stamp Program,1 including their applications, state policy manuals or
regulations, and general program information, available to the public via the internet.2 The Center
on Budget and Policy Priorities reviewed all the states’ web pages to determine what information
and services they offer regarding the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
This paper provides links to the addresses for each state’s FOR THOSE SEEKING IMMEDIATE
SNAP web pages and also provides an overview of the types ASSISTANCE
of information and services that states provide. Those
interested in expanding the services provided on their state’s Individuals in most States (as well as the
web page may find the overview section helpful because it District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) can
call 2-1-1 on any type of telephone and get
highlights the various features states offer, such as benefit connected to someone who can help them
calculators or office locators. find out about many kinds of assistance,
including emergency help with food,
Readers may access states’ web page listings and addresses housing, or clothing, physical or mental
by using the comprehensive list at the end of the paper. health treatment, and assistance for the
aged, people with disabilities, and families
with children.
Overview of Findings
There is significant variation among states’ SNAP web pages and their on-line services. Some
states provide a simple description of the program on their agency’s website. Others offer
applications, benefit calculators, pre-screening tools, detailed program operation instructions for
1 Effective October 1, 2008, the 2007 farm bill renamed the Food Stamp Program the Supplemental Nutrition
TABLE 1
OVERVIEW OF SERVICES AVAILABLE ON STATE SNAP WEB PAGES
Features States that Offer Total
Printable Applications AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, DC, 49
FL, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, LA,
ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT,
NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND,
OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX,
UT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY
On-line Applications AZ, AR, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, 35
IN (some counties), KS, LA, ME, MD,
MA, MI, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NY,
ND, OH, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, UT, VA,
VT, WA, WV, WI
Eligibility Screening Tools AK, AZ, AR, CO, CT, FL, IA, IN, KS, 29
ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MT, NE, NH,
NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, RI, TN,
TX, UT, VA, WA
Benefit Calculators DE, GA, IL, ND, OR, PA, SC, VT, WV, 10
WI
Link to USDA’s Benefit Calculator AL, CA, ID, KY, LA, MO, NV, OK, SD, 10
WY
On-line Policy Manuals AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, DE, DC, FL, GA, 46
HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME,
MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE,
NV, NH, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK,
OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, WA,
WV, WI, WY
On-line Statistics AZ, AR, CA, FL, GA, HI, IL, IN, IA, KS, 36
LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO,
MT, NV, NJ, NM, NY, NC, OH, OK,
OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VT, VA, WA,
WI
Printable applications are available on every state website except Kansas and Vermont, which
all have on-line applications. Forty states make their printable applications available in Spanish,
while 18 of them make it available in additional foreign languages. Making applications
available on-line is a helpful tool for those interested in increasing access to SNAP. It allows
potential SNAP participants to review or to complete the application outside of the welfare
office, often with the help of a community services agency. By seeing the application in
advance of going to the welfare office, individuals can familiarize themselves with the
information required to complete the application process. This simple step can help to make
the process more transparent and less daunting to potential applicants.
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On-line applications allow individuals to complete and submit an application over the
internet. Thirty-four states offer on-line applications throughout the entire state: Arizona,
Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana,
Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.
Indiana offers on-line applications in certain areas. Twenty states make their on-line application
available in Spanish as well as English: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida,
Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Nebraska, New York,
Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wisconsin.
On-line applications are a very promising option to facilitate enrollment in the program,
enabling individuals to apply for SNAP at a convenient time and place. Interviews are required,
but in many states these are routinely done by telephone. Even if some applicants have to visit
the welfare office, the on-line application helps them to initiate the process. Getting the
process started earlier is important because eligible applicants receive benefits retroactive to
their date of application and states must process filed applications within 30 days (seven days if
household eligible for expedited benefits) consistent with the rules governing paper
applications.
Eligibility screening tools are available on 29 state websites. This tool asks users several
questions about their income and household circumstances and, based on the responses,
informs users of their potential eligibility for public benefits. Self-assessment tools can be very
powerful outreach tools to eligible individuals who do not know or believe that they qualify for
SNAP. Screening tools are most effective if questions are limited to the most pertinent
eligibility issues and assist users with the answers rather than requiring users to fill in blank
spaces.
Kansas’s screening tool is a good example of how to structure a short, easy-to-use tool. It is
only one page long and for each question provides several answers from which to choose.
Based on the information provided by the user, the Kansas screening tool provides a list of
potential programs for which the user may be eligible, including SNAP, and a direct link to
descriptive information about, and on-line applications for, those programs.
Benefit calculators are available on 20 state websites (10 of these are links to the USDA
Benefit Calculator). Benefit calculators are similar to eligibility screening tools; however, they
also provide users with an estimate of the amount of benefits for which they might qualify. In
addition to the perception that they are not eligible, a major reason low-income individuals do
not participate in SNAP is they often believe that they would only receive a low amount of
benefits. By giving interested individuals an estimate of their potential benefit amount, a benefit
calculator addresses this concern and helps the individual to assess whether applying for
assistance would be worth their time and energy.
Benefit calculators necessarily have to ask more questions than screening tools, typically about a
household’s deductible expenses. Nevertheless, it is important to strike a balance between
brevity and detail to avoid either bogging down users in too much detail or misleading them by
omitting pertinent eligibility criteria. One way to achieve this is to keep the calculator concise
and to inform users that there are additional eligibility criteria that the state will have to screen
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for, such as immigration status. For intended users, the calculator could provide basic
information about these additional criteria in a tone that encourages users to apply. Conversely,
calculators can become overwhelming and cumbersome for users if they attempt to determine
eligibility and exact benefit levels for numerous programs.
Pennsylvania’s benefit calculator does a good job of asking for needed information on four
screens, using graphics and simple language to avoid any confusion. The final result includes an
estimated benefit and links to online applications for a variety programs. In addition to SNAP,
the program can screen for eligibility for medical benefits, cash assistance, school meals, child
care grants, heating assistance, and several other programs. By contrast, South Carolina’s
benefit calculator is shorter — one page with only seven questions, although it screens only for
SNAP. It provides links to an information page on how to apply and a page with office
locations. Both states’ calculators avoid being overly cumbersome by not asking about
important eligibility information such as household resources, but include general language
warning that there are other eligibility criteria one must satisfy to receive benefits.
If a state is unable to develop its own benefit calculator, it can provide a link directly to the
USDA Benefit Calculator (http://www.snap-step1.usda.gov/fns/) in order to give potential
SNAP recipients an approximation of the amount of SNAP that could be received. Sixteen
states have chosen to provide this link.
On-line policy manuals are an additional tool offered on 46 state websites (all except
Alabama, Connecticut, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont). Some states have web-based
policy manuals in the form of a searchable database. Providing a searchable manual helps to
make state policies easy to locate and transparent to the public. For example, Illinois’s policy
manual includes a clear list of contents, a separate listing of new manual releases, and an easy-
to-use search-engine that provides clear and detailed search results.
Another useful feature that some states offer is information about recent changes to the state’s
policy manual. Typically, the state posts policy memoranda to caseworkers that describe the
changes. In many cases, these memos are difficult for non-experts to navigate because they are
written in very technical language. Wisconsin provides a good example of how to make these
memoranda, called “green sheets,” more accessible to the public and potentially more useful to
caseworkers. Each green sheet is structured in the same way. It explains the policy change in
simple language, provides a rationale for the change, and outlines the differences between old
and new policy. This makes it possible for individuals without technical knowledge to
comprehend changes to state policies as well as why the changes were made.
Program information varies on each state website. States generally offer at least some basic
SNAP information on their websites, including eligibility requirements and a description of how
to apply for SNAP benefit. Often, however, these descriptions focus on the legislative history
of the program or jump immediately to program restrictions rather than outline the program’s
purpose in helping low-income individuals and families or convey the state agency’s service
philosophy. What a state says about SNAP on its web page sets a tone and conveys a message
to the public about the agency’s philosophy.
For example, the Nevada web page is very welcoming and explains how the program can help:
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Many Nevadans have trouble making ends meet each month. After paying for rent, utilities,
transportation, and child care, there is often little left over to buy nutritious food. But it doesn't
have to be that way. Each month thousands of families across the state turn to the Nevada
State Division of Welfare and Supportive Services for assistance in the form of food stamp
benefits to help feed their families. Read on to learn how you can receive help if you qualify.
This introduction is followed by a number of links designed to address common concerns and
provide important information. The information provided is similar in content to what many
other states provide, but it is very easy to understand and it focuses on the program from the
low-income individual’s perspective rather than from a program operations perspective.
In addition to basic program information, a large majority of states offer office-locator tools
such as maps and zip-code searches to help individuals locate their local community service
office. For example, Oklahoma’s website provides an office locator feature using a map of the
state. Users click on the county where they live and the site provides the address, phone
number, operating hours, and a picture of each county’s welfare offices. Even a simple list of
offices, organized by county, as many states provide, may be very helpful to prospective
applicants.
Some states also provide additional administrative forms on their sites that may be very useful
for clients. Maryland, for example, provides printable versions of hearing request forms or
forms to report changes in household circumstances. Traditionally, states provided these forms
only at the local office. By making this type of paperwork available on the internet, states
potentially reduce administrative burdens on local office staff because clients can obtain the
forms they need directly or seek the help of a community group to obtain and to complete the
forms.
On-line Statistics. 36 states provide program data, such as the numbers of individuals or
households in each county that participate in SNAP. A few states provide additional data, such
as timeliness rates, average amounts of benefits, and the number of SNAP households also
receiving cash assistance. These kinds of data can be very helpful to officials, researchers, or
advocates wanting to understand the trends in participation.
State level data are available on USDA’s website, but USDA does not provide sub-state data.
Also, states often provide their data in a more timely manner than FNS, which must confirm
the information with every state before publishing. In most cases, states publish information
by county and update it monthly. However, a few states update less frequently or do not break
down data by county. We indicate these counties next to the links for those states’ data.
State program names vary since Congress changed the official name of the Food Stamp
Program to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (or SNAP) in 2008. States may use
either name or a name of their choosing. Twenty-six states have chosen to use the new name,
while 8 continue to use “Food Stamp Program.” Among the names used by the other 17, the
most popular is “Food Assistance Program,” used by 7 states. Three states use “Food
Supplement Program”, and seven have other names. We have used each state’s name for the
program in the listing below.
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TABLE 2
STATE PROGRAM NAMES
Program Name States Total
Supplemental Nutrition AR, CT, DC, GA, HI, IL, IN, KY, 29
Assistance Program (SNAP) LA, MA, MS, MO, MT, ND, NE, NJ,
NM, NV, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD,
TN, TX, VA, WV, WY
Food Supplement Program DE, MD, ME 3
Food Assistance Program AL, CO, FL, ID, IA, KS, MI, OH 8
Below is a listing of state government resources regarding SNAP posted on the internet. For a
comprehensive list of states’ resources on all major low-income programs, see “Online Information
About Key Low-Income Benefit Programs,” which can be found at http://www.cbpp.org/1-14-
04tanf.htm.
There are several important caveats to consider when using this list. States are not consistent in
their use of terms such as “policy manual.” Furthermore, this list was not developed via a
comprehensive survey of states and may not be complete. Please notify Carolyn Jones at the Center
to update or revise this list.
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ARIZONA — Family Assistance Administration – “Nutrition Assistance”
Arizona FAA Policy Manual (searchable)
https://www.azdes.gov/faa/Policy/Default.html
Nutrition Assistance Information
https://www.azdes.gov/nutrition_assistance/
Eligibility Screener
http://arizonaselfhelp.org/
On-line Application for Cash Assistance, Nutrition Assistance, and AHCCCS Health Insurance (in
English and Spanish)
https://www.healthearizona.org/app/Default.aspx
Printable Application for Cash Assistance, Nutrition Assistance, and AHCCCS Health Insurance (in
English and Spanish)
https://egov.azdes.gov/cmsinternet/appforms.aspx?category=75&menu=162
Monthly Statistical Data (w/district totals)
https://egov.azdes.gov/cmsinternet/appreports.aspx?category=124&menu=162
Local Office Locator
https://app.azdes.gov/faa/location.asp
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COLORADO — Department of Human Services – “Food Assistance Program”
Food Assistance Program Policy Manual (not searchable)
http://www.sos.state.co.us/CCR/NumericalCCRDocList.do?deptID=9&deptName=500,1008,2500 Human
Services&agencyID=44&agencyName=2506 Food Stamp Program (Volume 4B)
Food Assistance Program Information and Printable Applications (English and Spanish)
http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite/CDHS-SelfSuff/CBON/1251586542908
On-line Application and Eligibility Screening Tool (English and Spanish)
http://www.colorado.gov/PEAK/
Local Office Directory
http://www.cdhs.state.co.us/servicebycounty.htm
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ACCESS Policy Manual (searchable)
http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/programs/access/esspolicymanual.shtml
Food Assistance Program Information
http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/ess/foodstamps.shtml
On-line Application and Eligibility Screening Tool (in English, Spanish, and Creole)
http://www.myflorida.com/accessflorida/
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/ess/agencyforms.shtml (Application in 10 languages)
Monthly Statistical Data (w/regional totals)
http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/programs/access/StandardDataReports.shtml
Local Office Directory
http://www.dcf.state.fl.us/programs/access/servicecenters.shtml
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ILLINOIS — Department of Human Services – “Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Program (SNAP)”
Administrative Code – Food Stamp Title
http://www.ilga.gov/commission/jcar/admincode/089/08900121sections.html
SNAP Policy Manual
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=4107
SNAP Information and Benefit Calculator
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=30357
Application Information
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=33698
On-line Application (in English and Spanish)
http://fspp.dhs.state.il.us/register/wb/wbHomePre.do
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/OneNetLibrary/27897/documents/Forms/IL444-2378B.pdf (English)
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/OneNetLibrary/27897/documents/Forms/IL444-2378BS.pdf (Spanish)
Monthly Statistical Data (as of July 2011)
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=57208
Local Office Locator
http://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?module=12
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Direct Link to Printable Application
http://www.dhs.state.ia.us/policyanalysis/PolicyManualPages/Manual_Documents/Forms/470-0306.pdf
(English)
http://www.dhs.state.ia.us/policyanalysis/PolicyManualPages/Manual_Documents/Forms/470-0307.pdf
(Spanish)
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://www.dhs.state.ia.us/Partners/Reports/PeriodicReports/FoodAssistance/F1.html
Locate Local Office
http://www.dhs.iowa.gov/Consumers/Find_Help/MapLocations.html
11
https://www1.maine.gov/benefits/account/login.html
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/ofi/services/snap/APP-01-07.pdf
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/OIAS/reports/reports.html#gdpb
Local Office Locator
http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/ofi/offices/index.html
12
http://www.michigan.gov/dhs/0,4562,7-124-5461---,00.html
13
SNAP Policy Manual (searchable)
http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/hcsd/fsmanual/index.shtml
SNAP Information and Application Information
http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/hcsd/snap/index.shtml
Eligibility Screening Tool and On-line Application
https://app.mt.gov/mtc/apply/index.html
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/formsapplications/foodstamp.pdf (English)
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/statisticalinformation/tanfstats/tanfstatistics.shtml
Local Office Directory
http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/contactus/humancommunityservices.shtml
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Application Information and Printable Applications
http://www.dhhs.nh.gov/dfa/apply.htm (English, Spanish, and Bosnian)
Local Office Directory
http://www.dhhs.nh.gov/contactus/districtoffices.htm
NEW YORK — Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance – “Food Stamp Program”
SNAP Source Book (not searchable)
http://www.otda.ny.gov/programs/food-stamps/FSSB.pdf
Food Stamp Program Information
http://www.otda.ny.gov/programs/food-stamps/
Eligibility Screener and On-line Application (in English and Spanish)
http://mybenefits.ny.gov/
Printable Application (in 8 languages)
15
http://www.otda.ny.gov/programs/apply/#fs
Monthly Statistical Data (w/local district totals)
http://www.otda.ny.gov/resources/caseload/
Local Office Directory
http://www.otda.ny.gov/workingfamilies/dss.asp
NORTH CAROLINA — Department of Health and Human Services – “Food & Nutrition
Services”
Food & Nutrition Services Manual (searchable)
http://info.dhhs.state.nc.us/olm/manuals/dss/ei-30/man/index.htm
Food & Nutrition Services Information
http://www.dhhs.state.nc.us/dss/foodstamp/index.htm
Eligibility Screener
https://epass.nc.gov/ePASS/cw/PlayerPage.do?
Application Information
http://www.dhhs.state.nc.us/dss/foodstamp/apply.htm
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://info.dhhs.state.nc.us/olm/forms/dss/dss-8207.pdf (English)
http://info.dhhs.state.nc.us/olm/forms/dss/dss-8207sp.pdf (Spanish)
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://www.ncdhhs.gov/dss/stats/fsp.htm
Local Office Locator
http://www.dhhs.state.nc.us/dss/local/index.htm
16
Local Office Locator
http://jfs.ohio.gov/county/cntydir.stm
17
SNAP Information
http://www.dhs.ri.gov/FamilieswithChildren/FoodAssistance/tabid/824/Default.aspx
Eligibility Screening Tool and link to Printable Applications
https://www.screening.dhs.ri.gov/English/home.cfm (English)
https://www.screening.dhs.ri.gov/Spanish/home.cfm (Spanish)
On-line Application
https://www.foodstamps.ri.gov/admin/login.cfm
Local Office Directory
http://www.dhs.ri.gov/ContactUs/DHSOffices/SupplementalNutritionAssistanceProgram/tabid/833/Defaul
t.aspx
18
On-line Application and Eligibility Calculator (in English and Spanish)
https://fabenefits.dhs.tn.gov/vip/website/signupservlet?pagename=homepage
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://tennessee.gov/humanserv/adfam/fs_stats.html
Local Office Locator
http://tennessee.gov/humanserv/st_map.html
19
Application Information
http://www.vermontfoodhelp.com/info/how_to_apply.php
Monthly Statistical Data (w/county totals)
http://dcf.vermont.gov/esd/statistics
Local Office Directory
http://dcf.vermont.gov/esd/contact_us/district_offices
20
On-line Applications and Benefit Calculator (in English and Spanish)
https://access.wisconsin.gov/access/
Direct Link to Printable Application
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/forms/F1/F16019B.pdf (English)
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/forms/F1/F16019BH.pdf (Hmong)
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/forms/F1/F16019BS.pdf (Spanish)
Brochures, Fact Sheets, Participant Handbooks, and Printable Applications (in English, Hmong,
Russian, and Spanish)
http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/foodshare/fsforms-pubs.htm
Annual Statistical Data (w/monthly breakdown and county totals)
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/em/rsdata/index.htm
Local Office Locator
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/em/imagencies/index.htm
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