AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

Expertreportof: IvanZatkovich

Produceonbehalfof: WorldNetDaily.com

April29,2011

Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................2 Qualifications................................................................................................................................................2 HowHawaiiproducestheGreencopyofaBirthCertificate ....................................................................2 . InternalPDFMetaData................................................................................................................................3 Documentcreatorandcontentversions..................................................................................................3 ContentElements.....................................................................................................................................5 Filecreatedinasinglesession..................................................................................................................5 Usermetadatamissing.............................................................................................................................5 PDFDocumentAnomalies............................................................................................................................6 LayerswithinthePDF...............................................................................................................................7 SummaryofLayers .................................................................................................................................13 . WhiteHaloaroundtext..........................................................................................................................14 Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................16 Signature.....................................................................................................................................................16

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Introduction
ThepurposeofthisreportistoexaminethePDFdocumentpublishedonwww.whitehouse.comthatis statedtorepresentavalidcopyofObamasbirthcertificateanddetermineifthePDFdoesinfact representavalidcopy. InthisreportIwilldescribethefollowing: 1. Howthepapercopy(greencopy)ofthebirthcertificatewasproducedbytheHawaii DepartmentofHealth. 2. ReviewtheinternaldatainthePDFdocument(theMetadata)thatappearson www.whitehouse.com,andtoidentifythesourceofthePDF,howitwasproduced,andwhen. 3. IdentifyanyanomaliesthatappearinthePDFdocumentand,ifpossible,whytheyappear. Insummary,myanalysisindicatesthatthereweremodificationsmadetothePDF,andthatthePDF contains,atminimum,slightalterationstotheoriginalscanneddocument.Ihaveidentifiedanomalies inthedocumentintwogeneralareas: a. ThePDFcontainsmultiplelayers,whichisnotconsistentwithasimplescanneddocument. b. Mostofthetextinthedocumentissurroundedbyawhiteborderwhichwouldnothavebeen partoftheGreencopyproducedbyHawaii.

Qualifications
IvanZatkovichhas28yearsexperienceincomputerscience,ecommerce,internetpublishingand documentmanagement.Mr.ZatkovichistheprincipalconsultantwitheCompConsultants,a technologyconsultingfirmspecializinginintellectualpropertyfortelecommunications,webpublishing, andeCommerce.HehasprovidedeCommerceandwebpublishingconsultingservicesforcorporations suchasMcGrawHill,HoughtonMifflin,Citicorp,GEICO,andAmazon.com.Heisalsoanindustry speakerforonlinepublishingstandardsandwebcontentmanagement.Mr.Zatkovichhasover10years experienceasanexpertwitnessprovidingtestimonyinFederalCourtforcriminalandcivillitigation involvingdocumentvalidityaswellaspatentinfringement,andsoftwaredisputesineCommerce,web publishing,andinternetcopyrightcases.

HowHawaiiproducestheGreencopyofaBirthCertificate
ArepresentativeoftheHawaiiDepartmentofHealthdescribedhowthecopyoftheObamaBirth Certificatewasproduced.ShestatedthatthecopyofObamasbirthcertificatewasproducedbytaking theoriginalpaperbirthcertificate,whichwasblackprintingonwhitepaper.Theoriginalisthenplaced onthephotocopymachineandthatimageiscopiedontogreensafetypaper.Thatgreencopyisthen stamped,datedandsignedbytheStateRegistrar. ThatHawaiiDepartmentofHealthstatedthattheyhadnothingtodowithproducingthePDF,and directedmetotheWhiteHouseforallsuchquestions.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

ThegeneralappearanceofthePDFdocumentthatonthewww.whitehouse.comwebsiteisconsistent withcopiesofbirthcertificatesthatareissuedbytheStateofHawaii.Theform,theinformationwithin theform,andatleastonesignatureisconsistentwithotherBirthCertificatesofthattimeperiod.

InternalPDFMetaData
Documentcreatorandcontentversions
UsingtheExamineDocumentfunctionofAdobeAcrobatProversion9.0.0,thedateandtimeofcreation weredeterminedtobeApril27,2011at12:09:24pm.ThesoftwareapplicationthatcreatedthePDF documentisPreview,agraphicsandPDFutilityincludedwiththeMacOSXoperatingsystem.The versionofPreviewusedisincludedwithMacOSX10.6.7.Itispossiblethatthedocumentwascreated bysomeotherapplicationatanearlierdateandthenopenedandsavedfromPreviewcausingnew metadatatobestoredinthedocument.Theprobabilityofthisisatbest50/50. ThePDFcontentversionis1.3andwascreatedbytheQuartzPDFContextenginethatispartofMacOS Xversion10.6.7.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Conclusion:TheoriginandcontentofthePDFdocumentshouldbetraceablebacktothesoftwaretools andproceduresusedbytheoriginator.IfsomeoneintheWhiteHousecreatedthedocument,they usedaMacintoshcomputertoproducethisdocument,asisindicatedinthedocument,andthat computerisexpectedtoberunningMacOSX10.6.7. Furthermore,muchdiscussioniscirculatingthewebaboutusingAdobeIllustratortoopenthe documentsandseethelayers.WhileusingIllustratortoviewcertainaspectsofthedocumentmaybe useful,thedocumentanditscontentsmustbeunderstoodinthecontextinwhichtheywerecreated, i.e.,onaMacwithApplesPreviewapplication.Othertoolsmayprovideadditionalinformationsuchas metadatadescribedabove,butanaccurateanalysisofthedocumentmustconsiderhowitwascreated andhowthelayerscontinuedtoexistinthefile.ItwasnotbecauseofAdobeIllustrator.Anumberof toolscouldhavebeenusedprecedingthefinalassemblyoccurringinPreview.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

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ContentElements
ThemetadataindicatesthatsomepartsofthefileareTIFFimagesandsomepartsofthefilearePNG images. Conclusion:Thesearetwocommonfileformats.TIFFimagesareusuallyproducedbyscanningsoftware usedwithscannerdevices.PNGisanewerformatusedbygraphicsprogramsthatstoreingraphicsdata amoreefficientformatproducingsmallerfilesthanTIFFfiles.Thetwoimagetypesappearinginthe metadataisconsistentwiththefactthatthePDFdocumentcontainslayerswheresmallchunksof imageareoverlaidonthelargerbackgroundimagecontainingtheformandsecuritypaperbackground. Whatcausedthoselayerstoexistisunknown.Onecommenterataprominentwebsitesaidthatthe layerswerecausedbyoptimizingthePDF.IknowofnoPDFoptimizationprocessthatcreateslayers intheoutputPDFfile.

Filecreatedinasinglesession
Baseduponthemetadata,thefilewascreatedandnotsubsequentlymodified. Conclusion:Becausetheinternalcreationandmodificationdatesarethesame,itcanbeconcludedthat thefilewascreatedinonesession,notcreatedandthenmodifiedwiththeoverlaysatalatertime.This doesnotprecludethepossibilitythatthescanningandoverlayswerepreparedseparatelyandmerged togetherinthissinglesession.

Usermetadatamissing
Notefromthescreencapturebelowthatnoneoftheusermetadatahasbeenfilledoutsuchasthe DocumentTitle,Author,etc. Conclusion:ThisisconsistentwithsavingaPDFdocumentfromPreview,sincePreviewdoesnot normallydisplayadialogforeditingtheusermetadata.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

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PDFDocumentAnomalies
WhenapaperdocumentisscannedonascannerandsavedasaPDFfileitnormallycontainsonlya singlelayerofgraphicalinformation.ThePDFthatappearsontheWhiteHousewebsitehowever, containsmultiplelayersofgraphicalinformation.Multiplelayersusuallyappearinadocumentlikethis whenitisbeingeditedormodifiedinsomefashion. ItispossibletotakeasinglelayerPDFandinadvertentlycreatemultiplelayers,withoutchangingthe imageinanyfashion.Butthatdoesnotappeartobethecasehere.ThemultiplelayersinthePDF documentarearesultofchangesmadetotheimage.Itisnotknownofallthechangesthatmayhave beenmade,severalchangesareidentifiable.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

AnotheranomalyinthePDFdocumentisthewhitehaloaroundthemajorityoftextinthedocument. Thisparticulartypeofwhitehaloindicates,andhowitappearsinthelayersindicate,again,that someonewasattemptingtoenhancetheclarityofthetextinthedocument. Thisdoesnotmeanthatothercontentinthedocumentwasnotchanged.However,mostofthe detectablechangesareconsistentwithsomeoneattemptingtoenhancetheappearanceofthe documentratherthanchangethecontent.

LayerswithinthePDF
Thefollowingseriesofimagesshowcomponentsthatmakeupthevariouslayersoroverlaysof graphicalinformationinthePDFdocument.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure1ThefullversionofthePDFwithalllayerstogether
ThisfigureshowshowthePDFdocumentwasbrokenupintomultiplelayersandwhereeachof thelayersislocated.Inotherwords,thedocumentimagewasbrokenupintoseveralimages andcombinedintoonedocument.
Overlay1, maintext.

Overlay2, Field17, mothers occupation

Overlay3, Field22,Date acceptedby Reg.General Overlay4, Field20,Date acceptedby LocalReg. Overlay5, Stampand signatureof StateRegistrar Overlay6, Timestampof StateRegistrar

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure2Thebackgroundlayerwithalloverlaysremoved.
Afteralltheoverlaysareremoved,whatremainsisthebackgroundlayer.Weseethatmostof thetextisremovedfromthebackgroundlayer.Butrandomtext,portionsofsignatures,anda whiteborderbehindthetextremains.

ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure4Overlay1,themaintext
Thisoverlaycontainsmostofthetextthatwasremovedfromthebackgroundlayer.Butother overlayshaveotherspecificpiecesoftextshownbelow.

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure5Overlay2,Field17a,TypeofOccupationOutsideHomeDuringPregnancy
Inthisfieldweseethatthenontextwasremovedtoaseparatelayer. Combinedlayers:

Separatelayers:

Figure6Overlay3,Field22,DateAcceptedbyReg.General
Inthisfieldweseethataportionofthedate(AUG86)wasremovedtoaseparatelayer. Combinedlayers:

Separatelayer:

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure7Overlay4,Field20,DateAcceptedbyLocalReg.
Inthisfieldweseethataportionofthedate(AUG8196)wasremovedtoaseparatelayer. Combinedlayers:

Separatelayer:

Figure8Overlay5,StampandsignatureofStateRegistrar
InthisfieldweseethatthestampandsignatureoftheStateRegistrarwasremovedtoa separatelayer.

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure9Overlay6,TimestampofStateRegistrar
Inthisareaweseethatthedate(April252011)wasremovedtoaseparatelayer.

SummaryofLayers
Therearetwogroupsofoverlaysasfollows: Group1Theblacktextoverlaysthatare: Overlay1maintext Overlay2mothersoccupation Group2theStampoverlayswhichare: Overlay3DatestampoftheLocalRegistrar Overlay4DatestampoftheRegistrarGeneral Overlay5StampoftheStateRegistrar Overlay6TimestampofStateRegistrar Alloftheoverlayswereofahigherresolutionthanthebackgroundlayer.Thissuggeststhatthe overlayswherecreatedtoenhancethatcontent(ie.makethetextdarkerand/ortheedgessharper). Theonlytwoplausibleexplanationsforthispatternoflayersis: 1. Someonewaschangingthecontentofboththetextandthestamps. 2. Someonewassystematicallyenhancingtheblacktextlayersforlegibility,andthenenhancing thestampoverlaysseparatelyforlegibility.

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

WhiteHaloaroundtext
Figure10WhiteHaloonform

WhiteHaloaround textandsignatures andformfields

AnenlargementshowsthatthereisawhitehaloaroundmostoftheprintingontheCertificate.Ithas beensuggestedthatthesesuspiciouswhitebordersindicatethatitemswerepastedintotheimage. Thepastingofcontentitselfdoesnotnecessarilycreateawhiteborder.Amorelikelyreasonforthis Haloeffectisthatthetextwasenhanced. Itisacommonpracticewhenenhancingadocumentwithtextonadarkbackgroundtosetoffblacktext withawhitebordertoincreasethecontrast.Ifwelookatthebaselayer,thatappearstobeexactly whathasoccurred.Thebaselayerofthedocumenthasaseparatewhiteoutlineformostofthetext.

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Figure11WhiteHaloisinbackgroundlayer
WeseethatwhentheTextlayerisremovedthereisstillawhitetextoutlineinthebackground layer.Thisindicatesthatthetextispurposelybeingenhanced.

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ExpertReportofIvanZatkovich AnalysisofObamaBirthCertificatePDF

April29,2011

Conclusion
Thefollowingisasummaryofmyanalysis: 1. TheHawaiiDepartmentofHealthstatedthattheyhavearecordofthebirthcertificateofBarak Obama. 2. AcertificatewasproducedbytheStateofHawaiiandcopiedontogreensafetypaper,asper normalprocedure. 3. TheGreencopywasthenscanned,presumablybytheWhiteHouse,toproduceaPDF document. 4. ThePDFdocumentwasthenmodifiedinsomefashion(e.g.layers,whitehalo). AllofthemodificationstothePDFdocumentthatcanbeidentifiedareconsistentwithsomeone enhancingthelegibilityofthedocument.Itispossiblethatinadditiontoenhancingthelegibilityofthe documentthatthecontentofthedocumentwasalsochanged.Thereisnospecificevidenceofhowor whythatcontentwouldhavebeenchanged,buttheevidenceclearlyindicatesthatthedocumentwas changed.

Signature
Theforgoingreportsetforthmyopinionsastruthfullyandaccuratelyaspossibleforthetimeallotted andbasedonthematerialsavailable. April29,2011

_____________________________________________ IvanZatkovich

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