Continents are fixed formation Earthquakes are caused by the underground volcanoes. -scientist.G.Ponmudi.

New sea floor is said to be formed continuously around the Antarctic continent and moving towards the north and south direction. and the southern continents are thought to be carried by the newly formed moving sea floor .the idea is wrong .because the circumference of the earth near the Antarctic is smaller than the circumference of the earth near the equatorial region .therefore the sea floor which is said to be formed at the smaller circumference region cannot fill the larger circumference region. Therefore the south to North Sea floor movement is not possible. This proved that the continents are fixed formation. Earthquakes are caused by the underground volcanoes.

Contrary to the popular belief Underground volcanic explosion caused the Indonesian,Haiti,and the Honshu island earthquake and tsunami. -scientist.G.Ponmudi. Ring like surface deformation known to formed around the volcanoes also formed around the epicenter of earthquake which proved that earthquake and tsunami was formed by the explosion of the volcanoes. Reason for the formation of the ring like surface deformation around the volcano.

(ring like surface deformation formed around the mount peulik-satellite image) the size of an volcano increased When the magma enters in to the volcano from deep earth. due to the increasing size of the volcano the surrounding land surface also rising upward up to many kilometers. Similarly the size of the volcano decreased when the gasses released from the volcano. due to the decreasing size of the volcano the raised land surface subsided. Due to the raising and subsidence of the land surface around the volcano ,many ring like surface deformation formed around the volcanoes up many kilometers. This ring like surface deformation has been recorded by modern satellite technique known as interferometry

(ring like surface deformation formed around the epicenter in Honshu island during the tsunamisatellite image) For example ring like surface deformation has been formed around the epicenter in Honshu island during the earthquake which caused the tsunami in japan during the year 2011 This proved that the earthquake and tsunami was formed by the explosion of an underground volcanoes.

(ring like surface deformation formed around the epicenter in Haiti island tsunami-satellite image) Similarly ring like surface deformation has been formed around the epicenter of the Haiti island during the earthquake which formed the tsunami in the Haiti island during the year 2009.

(ring like surface deformation formed around the epicenter in simeulue island -satellite image) Further to state that after the December- 2004, Indonesian earthquake and tsunami,the northwestern part of the simiulue island which is located near the epicenter of the earthquake has raised up to four feet from the sea surface. The satellite image shows the ring like surface deformation which has been formed around the epicenter of the simiulue island when an earthquake rocked the island during the year 2008. This proved that the 2004 earthquake and tsunami was formed by the explosion of an underground volcanoes.