ATTAINING SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACCESS FOR ALL :

POLICY , LAW AND REGULATION

CAMBODIAS RURAL ELECTRIFICATION MINIGRID SYSTEMS, STANDARD AND REGULATION

4-5 A June 2012; Manila, The Philippines

BACKGROUND CAMBODIA

Country: Area 181,035 sq km, water 2.5%. Population 13.4 million. Pop growth rate 1.54% (NIS, 2008) GDP growth rate 6.4% (2011) GDP/capita $830 (NIS, 2010)

GDP by sectors: -agriculture 31%, -industry 26%, -service 43%.

Hydro power potential about 10,000 MW, at present the capacity < 3% used

Structure of Electricity Organization

ENERGY POLICY

To provide an adequate supply of energy throughout Cambodia at reasonable and affordable price,

To ensure a reliable and secured electricity supply at reasons price, which facilitates investment in Cambodia and development of national economy, To encourage exploration and environmentally and socially acceptable development of energy resources needed for supply to all sectors of Cambodia economy, To encourage the efficient use of energy and to minimize the detrimental environmental affects resulted from energy supply and consumption.

POLICY OF ELECTRICITY TARGET

OVERVIEWS OF THE POWER SECTOR

From 2002 to 2011, the annual electricity demand growth rate in the country was 16.3%, while in Phnom

Penh the electricity demand growth rate high as 17%.

The annual electricity demand per capita increased

from 168.56 kWh in 2010 to 190.7 kWh in 2011.

The peak capacity supply increased from 573 MW in 2010 to 635.5 MW in 2011. At the same time the peak demand in Phnom Penh was about 350 MW.

In 2011 the national electrification increased to 35%, while the household in urban areas were almost 100% electrified and only 14% of the total household in rural areas.
Beside domestic supply, Cambodia imported

electricity from Loas, Thailand and Vietnam with total capacity about 285MW in 2011. It increased about 22% from 2010. Cambodia has a good potential of hydropower about 10,000 MW. At present, about 10% to the potential under construction.

In 2011 the total electricity supply increased to 2,674.38 GWh within install capacity about 635.5MW. While, the importing electiricity accounted for 45%.

Since last decade till 2008, Cambodia heavily relied on DO/HFO to generate electricity. DO/HFO accounted about 90%. However, in recent year, the importing electricity from neighboring countries are accounted more than 40%.

By concerning on electricity supply security and to reduce the vulnerability in the power sector as well as the electricity price that effected by the high oil price in the market, Cambodia tend to import more electricity.

Interm of increasing the total install capacity and importing electricity to meet the growing demand, as result for a decade, we see that the electricity per capita was increasing steadly. At the same time, the national electrification also increased.

CAMBODIA POWER STRATEGY

A-Development of Generation

B-Development of Transmission line

C-Rural Electrification

Increasing diversify of power supply such as Hydro, Coal power, Importing electricity, biomass and others renewable energies to meet the electricity demand and reduce fuel oil for power generation.

Development the national transmission line, GMS & ASEAN power grid, maximize mini-grid to rural areas, upgrading the HV, MV & LV.

- Grid Expansion - Cross-border supply from Neighboring countries - Mini grids Dev.mt - Renewable Energy Dev.mt

A- Development of Generation
A1- Project Existing
No.
1

Power-Project
Kirirom I

Install Capa.MW
12

IA/PPA/LA
BOT

Company
CETIC

Country
China

COD
2001

Achiev ement
100%

2
3 4

Ochum
Coal plant Kamchay Hydro

1
10 194.1

BOO BOT

EDC
CIIDG Sinohydro

Cambodia
China China

2002
2010 2011

100%
100% 100%

A2- Project Under Construction

No.
1 2 3

Power-Project
Kirirom III Coal Power Plant Atay Hydro

Install Capa.MW
18 100 120

IA/PPA/LA
BOT BOO BOT

Company
CETIC CEL CHD

Country
China Malaysia China

COD
2012 2013 2013

Achiev ement
95% 20% 49%

4
5 6 7

Coal Power Plant

LSt. Russei Chhrum Tatay Hydro Coal Power Plant

270
338 246 270

BOO
BOT BOT BOO

CIIDG
China Huadian Sinohydro CIIDG

China
China China China

2014
2014 2015 2016

10%
40% 40% -

A3- Project Under MOU Study

No. Hydro-Project Install Capa.MW IA/PPA/LA Company Country Plan

1
2 3

Lower Sesan II & Lower Srepok II

Sambor Hydro Lower Sesan III

400
2600 375

PFS
F/S F/S

----

Vietnam
China Korea

4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Lower Srepok III

Lower Srepok IV Battambong I Battambong II Stung Pursat I Stung Pursat II Prek Liang I Prek Liang II Stung Sen Stung Treng

330
235 24 36 75 17 64 64 40 900

F/S
F/S F/S F/S F/S F/S F/S F/S F/S F/S

-----------

China
China Korea Korea China China Korea Korea Korea Vietnam

A4- Power Development Plan

No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Generation Expansion Plan

Kamchay Hydro Power Plant Kirirom III Hydro power Plant Stung Atay Hydro Power Plant 200 MW Coal Power Plant (I) in Sihanouk Province - Phase 1 Stung Tatay Hydro Power Plant Lower Stung Russei Chrum Hydro Power Plant 700 MW Coal Power Plant (II) -Phase 1 700 MW Coal Power Plant (II) -Phase 2 700 MW Coal Power Plant (II) -Phase 3 200 MW Coal Power Plant (I) in Sihanouk Province - Phase 2 Lower Se San II Hydro Power Plant 700 MW Coal Power Plant (II) -Phase 4 Stung Chay Areng Hydro Power Plant 700 MW Coal Power Plant (II) -Phase 5 Add 700 MW Coal Power Plant at Offshore Sambor Hydro Power Plant Coal Power Plant (III) or Gas Power Plant Stung Treng Hydro Power Plant Total

Fuel Type
Hydro Hydro Hydro Coal Hydro Hydro Coal Coal Coal Coal Hydro Coal Hydro Coal Coal Hydro Coal/Natural Gas Hydro

Install Capa.MW
194.1 18 120 100 246 338 270 100 100 135 400 100 108 100 200 450/2600 400 900 4,279.1 (6,429.1)

COD
2011 2012 2013 2013 2013-2014 2013 2014 2016 2017 2016 2016 2018 2017 2019 2020 2019 2020 2020

Base on PDP, by 2020, Cambodia intent to develop more domestic hydropower to contribute in the electricity supply which share more than 50%.

Hydropower Potential 10,000 MW

72%
1%

27%

16

B- Development of Transmission Line

No. Transmission Expansion Plan Distance (Km) Grant/ Invest Year

1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

230 kV, Takeo - Kampot, (construct substation in Kampot), 230 kV, Steung Treng - Loa PDR, (construct substation in Steung Treng), 110 kV, Kampong Cham - Viet Nam, (construct 3 substations: Kampong Cham, - Soung, - Pongnearkreak ),
230 kV, Kampot - Sihanouk Ville 230 kV, Phnom Penh - Kampong Chhnang - Pursat - Battambong, (construct 3 substations: - Kampong Chhnang, - Pursat, Battambong), 230 kV, Pursat - Osom, (construct 1 substation in Osom Commune), 230 kV, Kampong Cham Kratie, 230 kV, Kratie Stung Treng, 230 kV, Phnom Penh Kampong Cham, 220 kV, Phnom Penh Sihanoukville, along national road 4, (construct 1 substation in Sre Ambil) 115 kV, East Phnom Penh Neakleung Svay Rieng, (construct 2 substations: - Neakleung, - Svay Rieng)

87
56 68 82 310 175 110 126 110 220

KFW
WB WB ADB & JBIC CYC CYC CUPL INDIA CUPL CHMC

2011
2014 2010 2013 2012 2012 2013 2015 2012 2013

11

120

2014

No. 12 13 14 15 16 17

Transmission Expansion Plan 230 kV, Stung Tatay Hydro Osom substation, 115 kV, West Phnom Penh East Phnom Penh ( construct substation GS4 at South Phnom Penh) 230 kV, Stung Chay Areng Hydro North Phnom Penh (NPP) substation 230 kV, Stung Chay Areng - Osom substation 230 kV, Kampong Cham - Kampong Thom - Siem Reap, (construct 1 substation in Kampong Thom) 500 kV, Loa PDR (Ban Sok)- Steung Treng Vietnam (Tay Ninh), (construct substation in Steung Treng) Total Transmission Line

Distance (Km) 15 20 145 60 250 220 2,174

Grant/ Invest CHMC WB CUPL CSG KTC ADB

Year 2015 2015 2017 2017 2019 2019

 By 2020, the development of transmission line would

increase to more than 2,100 km.

Power Development Plan in 2020

C- Rural Electrification
In 2011 the national electrification increased to 35%, while the household in urban areas were almost 100% electrified and only 14% of the total household in rural areas. Mainly mni grids in rural areas based on diesel for their generations and supplies with high tariff between US$ 0.65-US$1.00; There are a number of biomas gassifiers (approx.50) supply power in rural areas with their tariff US$0.60US$0.90; Few micro-hydropwers in rural areas as pilot /grant by donors, JICA,

C- Rural Electrification (cond)

SHS mainly financed by donors countries/GEF, UNIDO; KOICA; KfW etc

Gov.Policy is finding cheap sources to replace the supplies from diesel;

Investment in constructing sub-transmissions from sub-stations to rural areas to replace high cost of power generation

It requires huge investment cost to achieve the target setted ( US$M 50/year from now to 2030).

Village Electrification Plan

100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% Soar BCS & SHS 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Source: JICA master plan study

Level- up Plan of Village Elect rificat ion Rat io (including Bat t ery Light ing)

Diesel Mini-Grid
Electrification Strategies ES1 to ES3

Biomass Mini-Grid Micro Hydro Mini-Grid Grid Electrification

Short-term Policy Measures SP1 to SP3

Mid-term Policy Measures MP1 to MP3

Household Electrification Plan

70.0%

70%

60.0%

L evel- up Plan of Household Elect r ificat ion Rat io wit h Gr id Qualit y

50.0%

47%
40.0% Diesel Mini-Grid Biomass Mini-Grid 20.0%
Electrification Strategies ES1 to ES3 Short-term Policy Measures SP1 to SP3 Mid-term Policy Measures MP1 to MP3

30.0%

Micro Hydro Mini-Grid Grid Electrification

10.0%

0.0% 2004 2008 2012 2016

Source: JICA master plan study

2020

2030

GRID AND OFF GRID ELECTRIFICATION

Village coverage in rural areas
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

New BCS Existing BCS Hydro Biomass New diesel Existing diesel Grid

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29 20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

Ye ars

Share of rural villages Grid Mini-grid Stand-alone Total

2010 10% 13% 35% 57%

2015 55% 16% 18% 89%

2020 76% 7% 16% 100%

20

30

2030 94% 2,2% 3,3% 100%

25

GRID AND OFF GRID ELECTRIFICATION

140 000
Cost (Thousands USD)

120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 0

kar)a:n;sanTunvinieyaK

Yearly investment for different technologies

SHS Community PV Solar BCS Hydro Biomass New diesel

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

Grid extension

Year

Yearly investment for different technologies (except grid)

35 000

Cost (Thousands USD)

30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

SHS Community PV Solar BCS Hydro Biomass New diesel

Year

26

PV Battery Charged System in Pursat Province

Thanks!

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