UNIT 2: 2 marks: 1.List the common obstacles in the development path.

ans: * Nobody ever gets it right the first time. * Development is chock-full of surprises. * Good design requires living in a sea of changes. * Designers need good tools. 2.List some common pitfalls in the development path. ans: * No usability testing. * No early analysis and understanding of user needs and expectations. * Little or no creation of design element prototypes. * No common design team vision of user interface design goals. List 3.List the five commandments of user Interface Design. ans: * Gain a complete understanding of users and their tasks. * Solicit early and ongoing user involvements. * Perform rapid prototyping and testing. * Modify and iterate the design as much as necessary. * Integrate the design of all the system components. 4.Define Usability. ans: Usability is the capability to be used by humans easily and effectively, where, easily = to a specified level of subjective assessment. effectively = to a specified level of human performance. 5.List some common usability prolems. ans: * Ambiguous menus and icons. * Input and direct manipulation limits. * Unclear step sequences. * Highlighting and selection limitations.

6. State some usability problem in using Web interface. Ans: * Visual clutter. * Impaired information readability. * Inefficient navigation. * Inefficient operations. 7. Give some practical measures of usability. Ans: * Are people asking a lot of questions or often reaching for a manual? * Are frequent exasperation responses heard? * Are there many irrelevant actions being performed? * Are there many things to ignore? 8. Give some objective measures of usability. Ans: * How effective is the interface? * How learnable is the interface? * How flexible is the interface? * What are the attitudes of the users? 9. Give the composition of a typical design team. Ans: * Development Specialist. * Human Factors Specialist. * Visual Design Specialist. * Usability Assessment Specialist. * Documentation Expert. * Training Expert. 10. What are the things a designer must follow to develop a truely Ans: * Understand how people interact with computer. * Understand the human characteristics important in design. * Identify user's level of knowledge and experience. * Identify the characteristics of user's needs, task, and jobs. * Identify the user's psychological characteristics. * identify the user physical characteristics. usable systems?

11.

Give

some

psychological responses to poor design. Ans: * Confusion. * Annoyance. Frustration. * Panic or Stress. 12. Give some physical responses to poor design. Ans: * Abandonment. * Partial use. Indirect use. * Modification of Task. 13. List some important human Characteristics in Ans: * Perception. Memory. * Sensory storage. * Visual acuity. 14. List some perceptual characteristics. * Proximity. * Similarity. * Succinctness. * Closure.

Design.

15. What are the system training tools? Ans: System training based on user needs, system conceptual design, system and system performance goals. Training include tools such as a formal or video training, manuals, online tutorials, reference manuals, quick reference guides, and online help. 16. What are the structures of menu?

learning

Ans: (1) Single Menus. (2) Sequential Linear Menus. (3) Simultaneous Menus. (4) Hierarchical Menus. (5) Connected Menus. (6) Event-Trapping Menus.

16 marks:

1. Explain the importance of human consideration in UI design with suitable example?

What Screen Users Want Organizing Screen Elements Clearly and Meaningfully Consistency Ordering of Screen Data and Content Upper-Left Starting Point Screen Navigation and Flow Visually Pleasing Composition Balance Symmetry Regularity Predictability Sequentiality Economy Unity Proportion Simplicity (Complexity) Groupings

2. What is requirement analysis? What are the methods involved in it? What is the impact of it on UI design

DIRECT METHOD

Individual Face-to-Face Interview Telephone Interview or Survey Traditional Focus Group Facilitated Team Workshop Observational Field Study Requirements Prototyping User-Interface Prototyping Usability Laboratory Testing

INDIRECT METHODS MIS Intermediar. Paper Survey or Questionnaire Electronic Survey or Questionnaire Electronic Focus Group Similar Marketing and Sales Support Line E-Mail, Bulletin Boards or Guest Book User Group Competitor Analysis Trade Show System Testing

3. Explain the Structure of Menus

A menu's structure defines the amount of control given to the user in performing a task. The most common structures are the following. Single Menus Sequential Linear Menus Simultaneous Menus Hierarchical Menus Connected Menus Event-Trapping Menus

4. Explain the Menu can be phrased?

A menu must communicate to the user information about: The nature and purpose of the menu itself. The nature and purpose of each presented choice. How the proper choice or choices may be selected. The standard graphical system conventions inscribed on menus, intent indicators, keyboard equivalents, and keyboard accelerators, are also described. Menu Titles Menu Choice Descriptions Menu Instructions Intent Indicators Keyboard Equivalents Keyboard Accelerators

5. Explain the functions ,contents and formatting of Menus?

FUNCTIONS OF MENU:

CONTENTS OF MENU:

Navigatiion to a new menu Execute an action or procedure Displaying information Data or parameter input

Menu Context Menu Title Choice Descriptions


FORMATTING OF MENUS:

Complete Instructions

Consistency Display Presentation Organization Complexity Item Arrangement Ordering Grouping Line Separation

6. Discuss briefly about Navigating Menus.

Navigation goals Web site Navigation Components of Web Navigation System Web Site Navigation Guidelines Maintaining a sense of place

7. Explain the Kinds of Graphical Menus

Menu Bar Pull-Down Menus Cascading Menus Pop-up Menus Tear-off Menus Iconic Menus Pie Menus

8. Explain the direct and indirect methods for determining business requirement analysis on user interface design.

DIRECT METHOD

Individual Face-to-Face Interview Telephone Interview or Survey Traditional Focus Group Facilitated Team Workshop Observational Field Study Requirements Prototyping User-Interface Prototyping Usability Laboratory Testing

INDIRECT METHODS MIS Intermediar. Paper Survey or Questionnaire Electronic Survey or Questionnaire Electronic Focus Group Similar Marketing and Sales Support Line E-Mail, Bulletin Boards or Guest Book User Group Competitor Analysis Trade Show System Testing

9. Explain in detail Graphical Menus.

Common Graphical Menus:

Menu Bar Pull-Down Menus Cascading Menus Pop-up Menus Tear-off Menus Iconic Menus Pie Menus

10.With suitable examples explain how the human characterstics improve the user interface design.

Perception Memory Visual Activity Foveal and Peripheral Vision Sensory Storage Information Processing Mental Models Movement Control Learning Skill Individual differences