Arthur Conan Doyle

Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Born Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle 22 May 1859 Edinburgh, Scotland 7 July 1930 (aged71) Crowborough, East Sussex, England Novelist, short story writer, poet, physician Scottish British Detective fiction, science fiction, historical novels, non-fiction

Died

Occupation Nationality Citizenship Genres

Notable work(s) Stories of Sherlock Holmes The Lost World

Signature

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL (22 May 1859 7 July 1930[1]) was a Scottish[2] physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, generally considered a milestone in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction and historical novels.

Arthur Conan Doyle

Life
Early life
Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland.[3][2] His father, Charles Altamont Doyle, was English of Irish descent, and his mother, born Mary Foley, was Irish. They married in 1855.[4] In 1864 the family dispersed due to Charles's growing alcoholism and the children were temporarily housed across Edinburgh. In 1867, the family came together again and lived in the squalid tenement flats at 3 Sciennes Place.[5] Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain. The entry in which his baptism is recorded in the register of St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Christian name, and simply "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather.[6] Supported by wealthy uncles, Conan Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place, Stonyhurst, at the age of nine (1868-1870). He then went on to Stonyhurst College until 1875. From 1875 to 1876 he was educated at the Jesuit school Stella Matutina in Feldkirch, Austria.[5] From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town of Aston (now a district of Birmingham) and in Sheffield, as well as in Shropshire at Ruyton-XI-Towns.[7] While studying, Conan Doyle began writing short stories. His earliest extant fiction, "The Haunted Grange of Goresthorpe", was unsuccessfully submitted to Blackwood's Magazine.[5] His first published piece "The Mystery of Sasassa Valley", a story set in South Africa, was printed in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal on 6 September 1879.[8][5] Later that month, on 20 September, he published his first non-fictional article, "Gelsemium as a Poison" in the British Medical Journal.[5] Following his term at university, he was employed as a doctor on the Greenland whaler the Hope of Peterhead in 1880 and after his graduation, as a ship's surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the West African coast in 1881. [5] He completed his doctorate on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885.[9] Doyle's father died in 1893, in the Crichton Royal, Dumfries, after many years of psychiatric illness.[10][11]

Writing career
In 1882 he joined former classmate George Turnavine Budd as his partner at a medical practice in Plymouth, but their relationship proved difficult, and Conan Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice.[12][5] Arriving in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than 10 (700 today[13]) to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea.[14] The practice was initially not very successful. While waiting for patients, Conan Doyle again began writing stories and composed his first novels, The Mystery of Cloomber, not published until 1888, and the unfinished Narrative of John Smith, which would go unpublished until 2011.[15] He amassed a portfolio of short stories including "The Captain of the Pole-Star" and "J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement", both inspired by Doyle's time at sea.[5] Doyle struggled to find a publisher for his work. His first significant piece, A Study in Scarlet, was taken by Ward Lock & Co on 20 November 1886, giving Doyle 25 for all rights to the story. The piece appeared later that year in the Beeton's Christmas Annual and received

Portrait of Sherlock Holmes by Sidney Paget, 1904

Arthur Conan Doyle good reviews in The Scotsman and the Glasgow Herald.[5] The story featured the first appearance of Watson and Sherlock Holmes, partially modelled after his former university teacher Joseph Bell. Conan Doyle wrote to him, "It is most certainly to you that I owe Sherlock Holmes... [R]ound the centre of deduction and inference and observation which I have heard you inculcate I have tried to build up a man."[16] Robert Louis Stevenson was able, even in faraway Samoa, to recognise the strong similarity between Joseph Bell and Sherlock Holmes: "[M]y compliments on your very ingenious and very interesting adventures of Sherlock Holmes. ... [C]an this be my old friend Joe Bell?"[17] Other authors sometimes suggest additional influencesfor instance, the famous Edgar Allan Poe character C. Auguste Dupin.[18] A sequel to A Study in Scarlet was commissioned and The Sign of the Four Portrait of Doyle by Herbert Rose Barraud, 1893 appeared in Lippincott's Magazine in February 1890, under agreement with the Ward Lock company. Doyle felt grievously exploited by Ward Lock as an author new to the publishing world and he left them. [5]Short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published in the Strand Magazine. While living in Southsea, Doyle played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, an amateur side, under the pseudonym A.C. Smith.[19] (This club, disbanded in 1896, had no connection with the present-day Portsmouth F.C., which was founded in 1898.) Conan Doyle was also a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). His highest score, in 1902 against London County, was 43. He was an occasional bowler who took just one first-class wicket (although one of high pedigreeit was W. G. Grace).[20] Also a keen golfer, Conan Doyle was elected captain of the Crowborough Beacon Golf Club, East Sussex for 1910. He moved to Little Windlesham house in Crowborough with his second wife Jean Leckie and their family from 1907 until his death in July 1930.

Marriages and family

In 1885 Conan Doyle married Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins, known as 'Touie', the sister of one of his patients. She suffered from tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906.[21] The next year he married Jean Elizabeth Leckie, whom he had first met and fallen in love with in 1897. He had maintained a platonic relationship with Jean while his first wife was still alive, out of loyalty to her. Jean died in London on 27 June 1940. Conan Doyle fathered five children. He had two with his first wife: Mary Louise (28 January 1889 12 June 1976) and Arthur Alleyne Kingsley, known as Kingsley (15 November 1892 28 October 1918). He also had three with his second wife: Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 9 March 1955) second husband of Georgian Princess Nina Mdivani, Adrian Malcolm (19 November 1910 3 June 1970) and Jean Lena Annette (21 December 1912 18 November 1997).

"Death" of Sherlock Holmes

In 1890 Conan Doyle studied ophthalmology in Vienna, and moved to London, first living in Montague Place and then in South Norwood. He set up a practice as an ophthalmologist. He wrote in his autobiography that not a single patient crossed his door. This gave him more time for writing, and in November 1891 he wrote to his mother: "I think of slaying Holmes... and winding him up for good and all. He takes my mind from better things." His mother responded, "You won't! You can't! You mustn't!"[22] In December 1893, in order to dedicate more of his time to what he considered his more important works (his historical novels), Conan Doyle had Holmes and Professor Moriarty apparently plunge to their deaths together down the Reichenbach Falls in the story "The Final Problem". Public outcry, however, led him to bring the character back

Arthur Conan Doyle in 1901, in The Hound of the Baskervilles, though this was set at a time before the Reichenbach incident. In 1903, Conan Doyle published his first Holmes short story in ten years, "The Adventure of the Empty House", in which it was explained that only Moriarty had fallen; but since Holmes had other dangerous enemiesespecially Colonel Sebastian Moranhe had arranged to also be perceived as dead. Holmes ultimately was featured in a total of 56 short stories and four Conan Doyle novels, and has since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors. Jane Stanford compares some of Moriarty's characteristics to those of the Fenian John O'Connor Power. 'The Final Problem' was published the year the Second Home Rule Bill passed through the House of Commons. 'The Valley of Fear' was serialised in 1914, the year, Home Rule, The Government of Ireland Act (Sept.18) was placed on the Statute Book.[23]

Political campaigning
Following the Boer War in South Africa at the turn of the 20th century and the condemnation from around the world over the United Kingdom's conduct, Conan Doyle wrote a short pamphlet titled The War in South Africa: Its Cause and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in the Boer War and was widely translated. Doyle had served as a volunteer doctor in the Langman Field Hospital at Bloemfontein between March and June 1900.[24] Conan Doyle believed it was this pamphlet that resulted in his being knighted in 1902 and appointed Deputy-Lieutenant of Surrey. Also in 1900 he wrote the longer book, The Great Boer War. During the early years of the 20th century, Sir Arthur twice ran for Parliament as a Liberal Unionistonce in Edinburgh and once in the Hawick Burghsbut although he received a respectable vote, he was not elected. Conan Doyle was involved in the campaign for the reform of the Congo Free State, led by journalist E. D. Morel and diplomat Roger Arthur Conan Doyle's house in South Norwood, Casement. During 1909 he wrote The Crime of the Congo, a long London pamphlet in which he denounced the horrors in that country. He became acquainted with Morel and Casement, and it is possible that, together with Bertram Fletcher Robinson,[25] they inspired several characters in the 1912 novel The Lost World. He broke with both when Morel became one of the leaders of the pacifist movement during the First World War, and when Casement was convicted of treason against the UK during the Easter Rising. Conan Doyle tried unsuccessfully to save Casement from the death penalty, arguing that he had been driven mad and was not responsible for his actions.

Arthur Conan Doyle

Correcting injustice
Conan Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice and personally investigated two closed cases, which led to two men being exonerated of the crimes of which they were accused. The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British, half-Indian lawyer named George Edalji who had allegedly penned threatening letters and mutilated animals. Police were set on Edalji's conviction, even though the mutilations continued after their suspect was jailed. It was partially as a result of this case that the Court of Criminal Appeal was established in 1907, so not only did Conan Doyle help George Edalji, his work helped establish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice. The story of Conan Doyle and Edalji was fictionalised in Julian Barnes's 2005 novel Arthur & George and dramatized in an episode of the 1972 BBC television series, "The Edwardians". In Nicholas Meyer's pastiche The West End Horror (1976), Holmes manages to help clear the name of a shy Parsee Indian character wronged by the English justice system. Edalji himself was a Parsee. The second case, that of Oscar Slater, a German Jew and gambling-den operator convicted of bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in Glasgow in 1908, excited Conan Doyle's curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution case and a general sense that Slater was not guilty. He ended up paying most of the costs for Slater's successful appeal in 1928.[26]

Arthur Conan Doyle statue in Crowborough

Spiritualism
Following the death of his wife Louisa in 1906, the death of his son Kingsley just before the end of World War I, and the deaths of his brother Innes, his two brothers-in-law (one of whom was E. W. Hornung, creator of the literary character Raffles) and his two nephews shortly after the war, Conan Doyle sank into depression. He found solace supporting spiritualism and its attempts to find proof of existence beyond the grave. In particular, according to some,[27] he favoured Christian Spiritualism and encouraged the Spiritualists' National Union to accept an eighth precept that of following the teachings and example of Jesus of Nazareth. He also was a member of the renowned paranormal organisation The Ghost Club. Its focus, then and now, is on the scientific study of alleged paranormal activities in order to prove (or refute) the existence of paranormal phenomena.

One of the five photographs of Frances Griffiths with the alleged fairies, taken by Elsie Wright in July 1917.

On 28 October 1918 Kingsley Doyle died from pneumonia, which he contracted during his convalescence after being seriously wounded during the 1916 Battle of the Somme. Brigadier-General Innes Doyle died, also from pneumonia, in February 1919. Sir Arthur became involved with Spiritualism to the extent that he wrote a Professor Challenger novel on the subject, The Land of Mist. His book The Coming of the Fairies (1921) shows he was apparently convinced of the veracity of the five Cottingley Fairies photographs (which decades later were exposed as a hoax). He reproduced them in the book, together with theories about the nature and existence of fairies and spirits. In The History of Spiritualism (1926), Conan Doyle praised the psychic phenomena and spirit materialisations produced by Eusapia Palladino and Mina "Margery"

Arthur Conan Doyle Crandon.[28] Conan Doyle was friends for a time with Harry Houdini, the American magician who himself became a prominent opponent of the Spiritualist movement in the 1920s following the death of his beloved mother. Although Houdini insisted that Spiritualist mediums employed trickery (and consistently exposed them as frauds), Conan Doyle became convinced that Houdini himself possessed supernatural powersa view expressed in Conan Doyle's The Edge of the Unknown. Houdini was apparently unable to convince Conan Doyle that his feats were simply illusions, leading to a bitter public falling out between the two.[28] Richard Milner, an American historian of science, has presented a case that Conan Doyle may have been the perpetrator of the Piltdown Man hoax of 1912, creating the counterfeit hominid fossil that fooled the scientific world for over 40 years. Milner says that Conan Doyle had a motivenamely, revenge on the scientific establishment for debunking one of his favourite psychicsand that The Lost World contains several encrypted clues regarding his involvement in the hoax.[29]

Conan Doyle's family in New York 1922

Samuel Rosenberg's 1974 book Naked is the Best Disguise purports to explain how, throughout his writings, Conan Doyle left open clues that related to hidden and suppressed aspects of his mentality.

Death
Conan Doyle was found clutching his chest in the hall of Windlesham, his house in Crowborough, East Sussex, on 7 July 1930. He died of a heart attack at the age of 71. His last words were directed toward his wife: "You are wonderful."[30] At the time of his death, there was some controversy concerning his burial place, as he was avowedly not a Christian, considering himself a Spiritualist. He was first buried on 11 July 1930 in Windlesham rose garden. He was later reinterred together with his wife in Minstead churchyard in the New Forest, Hampshire.[5] They were buried outside the churchyard fence, in unconsecrated ground. Until the late twentieth century, the cross-topped gravestone bore no inscription. The graveyard has since been extended and Conan Doyle's remains lie among other newer graves. Carved wooden tablets to his memory and to the memory of his wife are held privately and are inaccessible to the public. That inscription reads, "Blade straight / Steel true / Arthur Conan Doyle / Born May 22nd 1859 / Passed On 7th July 1930." The epitaph on his gravestone in the churchyard reads, in part: "Steel true/Blade straight/Arthur Conan Doyle/Knight/Patriot, Physician, and man of letters".

Grave of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle at Minstead, England

Undershaw, the home near Hindhead, south of London that Arthur Conan Doyle had built and lived in for at least a decade, was a hotel and restaurant from 1924 until 2004. It was then bought by a developer, and has since been empty while conservationists and Conan Doyle fans fight to preserve it.[21] A statue honours Conan Doyle at Crowborough Cross in Crowborough, where he lived for 23 years.[31]There is also a statue of Sherlock Holmes in Picardy Place, Edinburgh, close to the house where Conan Doyle was born.

Arthur Conan Doyle

Selected awards and honours

Knight Bachelor (1902) Archie Goodwin Award (2005)

References
[1] " Conan Doyle Dead From Heart Attack (http:/ / www. nytimes. com/ learning/ general/ onthisday/ bday/ 0522. html)", New York Times, 8 July 1930. Retrieved 4 November 2010. [2] "Scottish writer best known for his creation of the detective Sherlock Holmes" (http:/ / www. britannica. com/ EBchecked/ topic/ 170563/ Sir-Arthur-Conan-Doyle). Encyclopaedia Britannica. . Retrieved 30 December 2009. [3] "Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Biography" (http:/ / www. sherlockholmesonline. org/ biography/ index. htm). sherlockholmesonline.org. Archived (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20110202233118/ http:/ / www. sherlockholmesonline. org/ Biography/ index. htm) from the original on 2 February 2011. . Retrieved 13 January 2011. [4] The details of the births of Arthur and his siblings are unclear. Some sources say there were nine children, some say ten. It seems three died in childhood. See Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan (18591930)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; Encyclopaedia Britannica (http:/ / www. britannica. com/ EBchecked/ topic/ 170563/ Sir-Arthur-Conan-Doyle); Arthur Conan Doyle: A Life In Letters, Wordsworth Editions, 2007 pviii ISBN 978-1-84022-570-9 [5] Owen Dudley Edwards, "Doyle, Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan (18591930)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [6] Stashower says that the compound version of his surname originated from his great-uncle Michael Conan, a distinguished journalist, from whom Arthur and his elder sister, Annette, received the compound surname of "Conan Doyle" (Stashower 2021). The same source points out that in 1885 he was describing himself on the brass nameplate outside his house, and on his doctoral thesis, as "A. Conan Doyle". However, the 1901 census indicates that Conan Doyle's surname was "Doyle", leading some sources to assert that the form "Conan Doyle" was used as a surname only in his later years. [7] Brown, Yoland (1988). Ruyton XI Towns, Unusual Name, Unusual History. Brewin Books. p.92-93. ISBN0-947731-41-5. [8] Stashower 3031. [9] Available at the Edinburgh Research Archive (http:/ / www. era. lib. ed. ac. uk/ handle/ 1842/ 418). [10] Lellenberg, Jon; Daniel Stashower and Charles Foley (2007). Arthur Conan Doyle: A Life in Letters. HarperPress. pp.89. ISBN978-0-00-724759-2. [11] Stashower, Daniel (2000). Teller of Tales: The Life of Arthur Conan Doyle. Penguin Books. pp.2021. ISBN0-8050-5074-4. [12] Stashower 5259. [13] UK CPI inflation numbers based on data available from Lawrence H. Officer (2010) " What Were the UK Earnings and Prices Then? (http:/ / www. measuringworth. org/ ukearncpi/ )" MeasuringWorth. [14] Stashower 55, 5859. [15] Saunders, Emma (6 June 2011). "First Conan Doyle novel to be published" (http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ news/ entertainment-arts-13667508). BBC. Archived (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20110607112947/ http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ news/ entertainment-arts-13667508) from the original on 7 June 2011. . Retrieved 6 June 2011. [16] Independent, 7 August 2006 (http:/ / www. independent. co. uk/ arts-entertainment/ theatre-dance/ reviews/ conan-doyle-and-joseph-bell-the-real-sherlock-holmes-surgeons-hall-museums-edinburgh-410821. html). [17] Letter from R L Stevenson to Conan Doyle 5 April 1893 The Letters of Robert Louis Stevenson Volume 2/Chapter XII. [18] Sova, Dawn B. Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. New York: Checkmark Books, 2001. pp. 162163. ISBN 0-8160-4161-X. [19] Juson, Dave; Bull, David (2001). Full-Time at The Dell. Hagiology. p.21. ISBN0-9534474-2-1. [20] "London County v Marylebone Cricket Club at Crystal Palace Park, 2325 Aug 1900" (http:/ / static. cricinfo. com/ db/ ARCHIVE/ 1900S/ 1900/ ENG_LOCAL/ OTHERS/ LONDON-CO_MCC_23-25AUG1900. html). Static.cricinfo.com. . Retrieved 2 March 2010. [21] Leeman, Sue, "Sherlock Holmes fans hope to save Conan Doyle's house from developers", Associated Press, 28 July 2006. [22] Panek, LeRoy Lad (1987). An Introduction to the Detective Story (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=xstGp7cOObMC& pg=PA78). Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press. p.78. ISBN0-87972-377-7. . Retrieved 4 January 2012. [23] Stanford Jane, 'That Irishman: The Life and Times of John O'Connor Power', pp. 30, 124-127, History Press Ireland, May 2011, ISBN 978-1-84588-698-1 [24] Miller, Russell. The Adventures of Arthur Conan Doyle. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2008. pp. 211217. ISBN 0-312-37897-1. [25] Spiring, Paul. "B. Fletcher Robinson & 'The Lost World'" (http:/ / www. bfronline. biz/ index. php?option=com_content& task=view& id=123& Itemid=9). Bfronline.biz. . Retrieved 2 October 2011. [26] Roughead, William (1941). "Oscar Slater". In Hodge, Harry. Famous Trials. 1. Penguin Books. p.108. [27] Price, Leslie (2010). "Did Conan Doyle Go Too Far?". Psychic News (4037). [28] Kalush, William, and Larry Sloman, The Secret Life of Houdini: The Making of America's First Superhero, Atria Books, 2006. ISBN 0-7432-7207-2. [29] Highfield, Roger, "The mysterious case of Conan Doyle and Piltdown Man." (http:/ / www. telegraph. co. uk/ technology/ 3342867/ Is-the-spirit-of-Piltdown-man-alive-and-well. html), The Daily Telegraph, Thursday 20 March 1997.

Arthur Conan Doyle

[30] Stashower, p. 439. [31] Arthur Conan Doyle (18591930) (http:/ / www. librarything. com/ author/ doylearthurconan), (Author database) www.librarything.com (http:/ / www. librarything. com). Retrieved: March 17, [2012.

External links
Arthur Conan Doyle Online Exhibition (http://www.westminsteronline.org/conandoyle/index.html) Conan Doyle in Birmingham (http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/doyle) The Arthur Conan Doyle Society (http://www.ash-tree.bc.ca/acds details.htm) The Sherlock Holmes Museum (http://www.sherlock-holmes.co.uk/) Archival material relating to Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/ subjectView.asp?ID=P8431) listed at the UK National Archives Works by Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.gutenberg.org/author/Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Arthur Conan Doyle (http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79-82292) in libraries (WorldCat catalog) Works at Project Gutenberg Australia (http://www.gutenberg.net.au/pages/doyle.html) Online works available from The University of Adelaide Library (http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/doyle/ arthur_conan/)

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (http://publicliterature.org/books/sherlock_holmes/xaa.php), full text with embedded audio ( PDF (http://publicliterature.org/pdf/advsh12.pdf)). Works of Arthur Conan Doyle available as freely downloadable eBooks at University of Virginia EText Center (http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ebooks/Dlist.html) Arthur Conan Doyle (http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?Arthur_Conan_Doyle) at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database "A Case of Considerable Interest" an exhibition celebrating the 35th anniversary of the Arthur Conan Doyle Collection of the Toronto Public Library (http://ve.torontopubliclibrary.ca/case_of_considerable_interest/ index.html) A film clip of a 1927 Fox newsreel interview (http://archive.org/details/SirArthurConanDoyleSpeaks_272) is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more] C. Frederick Kittle's Collection of Doyleana (http://www.newberry.org/collections/FindingAids/kittledoyle/ KittleDoyle.html) at the Newberry Library

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Article Sources and Contributors

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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Conan doyle.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Conan_doyle.jpg License: unknown Contributors: George Ho, Interpretix, Marcok, Matanya (usurped), Str4nd, Thuresson, Tomia, Ugo14, Yerpo, 3 anonymous edits File:Arthur Conan Doyle Signature.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_Signature.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Connormah, Arthur Conan Doyle File:Sherlock Holmes Portrait Paget.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sherlock_Holmes_Portrait_Paget.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Sidney Paget (1860-1908) File:Arthur Conan Doyle by Herbert Rose Barraud 1893.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_by_Herbert_Rose_Barraud_1893.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Herbert Rose Barraud (1845 - c1896) File:Arthur Conan Doyle house.JPG Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Arthur_Conan_Doyle_house.JPG License: Public Domain Contributors: Pafcool2 File:conandoylestatue.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Conandoylestatue.jpg License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Maksim, Zscout370 File:Cottingley Fairies 1.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cottingley_Fairies_1.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Elsie Wright (19011988) File:Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and family.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle_and_family.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: George Grantham Bain Collection. File:Doyle Arthur Conan grave.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Doyle_Arthur_Conan_grave.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Astrochemist

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