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Gausss Law
The nearly spherical shape of the girls head determines the electric field that causes her hair to stream outward. Using Guasss law, we can deduce electric fields, particularly those with a high degree of symmetry, simply from the shape of the charge distribution. Chapter Goal: To understand and apply Gausss law.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley.
We can define the electric flux more concisely using the dot-product:
The electric flux is still the summation of the fluxes through a vast number of tiny pieces, pieces that now cover a closed surface. NOTE: A closed surface has a distinct inside and outside. The area vector dA is defined to always point toward the outside. This removes an ambiguity that was present for a single surface, where dA could point to either side.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley.
Gausss Law
For any closed surface enclosing total charge Qin,the net electric flux through the surface is
Electrostatics of Conductors
Using the Gauss law, we can derive a set of important properties about conductors in electrostatic equilibrium.
(You may claim that you understand a little electrostatics if you know all the following results. )
5. The magnitude of electric field on the outer-surface of a conductor is proportional to the surface charge density.
In the presence of a cavity, again there can be no net charge in the interior of a conductor.
Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley.