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NewToolsintheArsenalfor OptimalPerimeterSecurityStrategies

ByAllynPon,DirectorofProductManagement MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011

Contents
Introduction NumerousDetectionChoices 3 4 45 6 8 8

Table1DetectionTechnologiesMatrix

RemoteCameraVideoSurveillanceOptions ProtectingthePerimeter Summary

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011

Introduction
Whiletechnologyadvancesinphysicalsecurityforbuildingsorbuildingproximityhave beenrapidandomnipresent,newtoolsforimprovedperimetersecurityhavenotbeen asvisible,butyetstillplayanimportantroleinoverallsecuritysuccess.Environments suchaslargeparkinglots,stadiumevents,nuclearfacilities,parksandrecreational areas,constructionfacilities,correctionalfacilities,industrialfacilities,government buildings,andmajortransportationfacilitiesstillcontinuetorepresentsignificant securitychallengesastheidealsolutionsarecostprohibitiveduetothedifficultyofthe terrainorvastspacesofcoveragerequired.Thenumberofvariablesandtechnology choicestoconsiderforperimetersecurityaresignificantlygreaterthanindoorsecurity, makingthefinaldecisionforperimetersecurityadifficultandarduoustask.

NumerousDetectionChoices
Ananalysismethodologyfordeterminingoverallperimetersecuritychoicesistodivide thesecuritycomponentsintofourmajorcategories;access,detection,preventionand conviction.Wherethesecurityindustryhasseenanexpansionofchoicesisinthe numberoftechnologyoptionsforthedetectionaspect.Newtechnologieshavebrought improvementsinrangedetectionsaswellasrapidlydecreasingoverallsystemcosts. Beyondthetraditionalsecurityguardstopatroltheedge,themoresophisticated optionsforaccesscontrolanddetectionsystemsforperimetersecuritynowinclude fencemovement,microwavesensors,seismicgroundsensors,infraredsensors,photo beamsensors,thermalimaging,andvideosurveillancewithmotiondetectionandvideo analytics.Eachhas atradeoffbetweenoperationalbenefitsandcostsasshownbelow inTable1.

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011

AccessTechnology

Category
Pros

Description
Simpleandeasytoinstallanduse Easytomonitorandintegrateintoexistingsecurity system Onlydetectsadisturbance Pronetofalsealarms Unabletoquantifyseriousnessofsecurityevent Moderatemaintenanceforwearandtear Accessible,soeasytovandalizeanddamage

FenceMovement Cons

RelativeCost

Pros

MicrowaveSensors Cons

RelativeCost

Pros SeismicGroundSensors Cons RelativeCost

Pros

InfraredSensors

Cons

RelativeCost

Low Simpleandeasytoinstallanduse Easytomonitorandintegrateintoexistingsecurity system WiderangeUpto1500feet Canhandlesevereweatherconditions Typicallyrequiresacablepowersourceatremote locations Pronetofalsealarms Unabletoquantifyseriousnessofsecurityevent Interferencefromothermicrowavesources Expensiveequipmentandeasyaccesstovandalizeand damage LowtoMedium Protectionagainstvandalism Nointerferencewithlineofsightviewsandnatural beauty Hiddensecurityprovidesidealnonthreatening environment Pronetofalsealarms Unabletoquantifyseriousnessofsecurityevent Requiresashallowtrenchingaroundthegrounds Medium High Simpleandeasytoinstallanduse Easytomonitorandintegrateintoexistingsecurity system Abilitytobetterdistinguishfalsealarmsversusvalid humanintruderdetection Worksinfoggyandnightenvironments Effectiveevenincamouflageconditions Nocabledpowersourcerequired. Onlydetectsadisturbance Pronetofalsealarms Unabletoquantifyseriousnessofsecurityevent Limitedcoverageaseachinfraredsensoronlyextends 40(lowcost)to300(highcost)feet Low

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011

AccessTechnology

Category

Description
Quickandeasytoinstall Lowcostinstallation Nocabledpowersourcerequired.Batteryliferunfrom 35yearsorcanusesolar Wirelesscommunicationtomonitorstation Onlydetectsadisturbance Pronetofalsealarms Unabletoquantifyseriousnessofsecurityevent Limitedcoverageaseachphotobeamsensoronly extends100to250feet

Pros

PhotoBeamSensors Cons

RelativeCost Pros ThermalImaging Cons RelativeCost Pros VideoSurveillancewith MotionDetection/Video Analytics

Cons RelativeCost

Low Abilitytobetterdistinguishfalsealarmsversusvalid humanintruderdetection Worksinfoggyandnightenvironments Effectiveevenincamouflageconditions Difficulttouseinnaturallyhotenvironmentswhereby thetemperatureofsurroundingenvironmentisequal tohumantemperature Requirescablepowersourceatremotelocations Medium High Abilitytodistinguishfalsealarmsvsvalidsecurity breaches Recordhistoricaleventsforforensics Recordedeventscanbeusedforconviction Morecomplextointegrateintosecuritysystems Typicallyrequirescablepowersourceatremote locations* Low High

*Exceptforadvancednewtechnologiesusingsolar

Table1DetectionTechnologiesMatrix Asevidentfromthematrix,acommonthemetomostaccesscontrolsolutionsisthe largenumberofpotentialfalsealarmsassociatedwitheachtechnologyoption.In outdoorsettings,environmentalfactorssuchasheavywindconditions,debris,ice, waterandanimalscancreatehavocforanyperimetersecuritysolution.A comprehensivesolutiontoaddressfalsealarmsisasimportantastheactualdetection systemitself,asfalsealarmsimpacttheeffectivenessandcredibilityofthesecurity system.Inaddition,falsealarmscanbecostly,asnumerouslawenforcementagencies nowchargeforrespondingtofalsealarms.

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RemoteCameraVideoSurveillanceOptions
Anyreliableverificationsystemforperimetersecurityhastoincludeavideosurveillance system.Notonlydovideosurveillancesystemsprovidetheabilityforimmediate verificationbasedonatriggeredevent,theyprovidetheabilitytoquantifythe seriousnessshouldavalidsecuritybreachoccuranddeterminethebestresponse.The propersecurityresponsewillvarydependingonwhethertheintruderisan unsuspectingpersonwhohasinadvertentlycrossedtheintrusiondetectionzone,ora teamofterroristswhoareattackingafacility.Inaddition,videosurveillancesystems addressthreeofthemajorcategoriesofdetection,preventionandconviction. Unfortunately,integratingremotecameralocationsintovideosurveillancesystemsfor perimetersecurityhavebeenlimitedinscope,makingitdifficulttodevelopa comprehensiveperimetersecuritystrategy.Thetypicalcompromiseistolocatesecurity camerasnearthebuildingornearbypowersourcesandpointthecamerasoutwardto theperimetercoveringthesterileregionsandperhapsportionsoutsidetheperimeter. Thisisnotanoptimalperimetersecuritystrategy,anddoesnotcoveranimportant aspectofsecuritybreachprevention.Anidealpreventionstrategyistoanalyzeevents outsidethesterileregionwherebypotentialsecurityeventscanbemonitoredin advanceofavalidsecuritybreach. Thelargestlimitationonthelocationofremotecameraswheretheyaredesiredor requiredisduetolackofaccesstoapowersource.TypicalIPvideosecuritycameras requireabout45wattsofpower,thusnormallyrequiringacabledpowersource. Untilrecently,thereweretwotraditionalvideosurveillanceoptionsthatwouldbe consideredwhenovercomingthelackofacabledpowersourceforremotelocation cameras;wirelesssolarpoweredsecuritycamerasortrenchingthegroundtobring powertothedesiredlocation. Wirelesssolarsecuritycamerasprovidethemaximumflexibilityinlocationstrategiesfor remotesecuritycameras.Typicalwirelesssolarsecuritycamerasuse160400square inchesofsolarpanelsthatresideatleast15abovethegroundwhileconnectedto eitherasmalltrailerbaseorapole.Wirelesscommunicationstothevideorecording systemcanoccurpointtopoint,pointtomultipoint,throughmeshnetworksoreven cellular,providingarangeofthreeto20milesforalineofsightconfiguration.A typicalsystemwillhavefivedaysofbatterybackup,providingadequateenergystorage formostapplications.Polemountedsolutionsrangefrom$5,000$10,000percamera includinglaborcosts.Unfortunately,duetosizeandtransportationofthemobiletrailer solution,costscanbeprohibitiveformanyapplications,sincetheyrangefrom$30,000 to$40,000foreachcamera.

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011

Anotheralternative,trenching,istypicallywhatisexploredasthemostviableoptionfor placingsecuritycamerasinoptimalremotelocations.Thetrenchistypicallyaminimum ofsixinchesdeepwhichallowsplacementofaPoweroverEthernet(PoE)orpower sourceinthetrenchwithoutanypossibilityofdisturbance.Thecostfortrenchingwill varydramaticallydependingontheterrain.Forinstance,inarequestforproposal (RFP),itwasestimatedthecostsfordigginga120trenchmostlythroughsoftdirtwith 15ofasphaltwasapproximately$14,000formaterialandlaborforasinglecamera placement.Thisequatedtoaruleofthumbofabout$100perlinearfootfortrenching costs.Inthiscase,thecostwasprohibitiveandtheclientdecidednottopursuethe recommendationoftheremotecameralocation.Inothercases,particularlyinurban environments,thecostisconsiderablyhigher,sometimesupto$1000perlinearfoot, duetothedifficultconstruction.Thus,trenchingcostscanrangeinthe$30,000 $40,000. Fortunately,anewgenerationofIPvideosecuritycamerashaverecentlybecome available,providingathirdalternativetoremotecameralocationforoptimalperimeter securitystrategies.Withpowerrequirementsthatare1/10ththatofatypicalIPvideo securitycamera,thereisanewformfactorforwirelesssolarIPvideosecuritycameras, wherebythesolarpanelsrequirementsareconsiderablysmaller.Inthisnew generation,72squareinchesofsolarpanelsareattacheddirectlyontheexternal cameraenclosure.Thebatterylifeisfivedays,providingforadequatepowerinmost environmentscenarios.Beingawirelesssolution,thisnewgenerationhasarangeof uptoonemileforalineofsightenvironment.Hence,withnowiresneededfordata communicationorpower,thisnewgenerationofwirelesssolarIPvideosecuritycamera isafullyselfcontainedunitthatallowsforplacementvirtuallyatanyremotelocation. Becauseitisaselfcontainedunit,installationcostsarequitelow,evencomparedtoan installationofwiredsecuritysolutions.Theadvantageofthesenewgenerationsecurity camerasisthatindividualcameracostsrangefrom$2,500$3,500,a5090% reductionincostsoveralternativesolutions. WhiletheprimaryattractionofthesenewgenerationIPvideosecuritycamerasarefor perimetersecurity,theportabilityofthissolutionalsoprovidesopportunitiesfor applicationsnotpreviouslyconsidered.Forinstance,publiceventssuchasstadium concertsorgovernmentofficialspeechescanwreakhavocforsecurityteamssincethe protectionzoneissosmallandintruderaccessisquitesimple.Sincethesetypesof securitycamerascaneasilybeinstalled,temporarysecuritycamerascanbe implementedwiththereusecapabilitymakingthisanattractivefinancialoption.

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ProtectingthePerimeter
Vulnerabilitybeginsatafacilitysperimeter.Activeperimeterstrategiesthatare focusedbeyondtheperimeterprovidethebestchanceofpreventingasecuritybreach bydetectinganddeterringactivitybeforelossordamageoccurs.Whilethetechnology choicesforaccesscontrolandintruderdetectionhavegrownrapidly,suchchoicesare limitedinscopeandcommonlyhavethepotentialfornumerousfalsealarms.An optimalperimetersecuritystrategyrequirestheinclusionofremotecameralocations withinthevideosurveillancesystemtoverifyintrusions,recordeventsforinvestigations andpotentiallyconvictintruders.

Summary
WiththemostrecentinnovationsinsolarwirelessIPvideosecuritycameraoptions,the inclusionofremotecamerasaroundtheperimeterisaviablecosteffectiveoptionnot previouslyavailable.Now,thesystemintegratorhasanewsetoftoolstopresentand providecosteffectivesolutionsforoptimalperimetersecuritystrategies. AllynPonisdirectorofproductmanagementatMicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.,providers oftheworldsmostpowerefficient,totallywirelesssolarvideosurveillancecamera solutions.Allyncanbereachedatallyn.pon@micropowerapp.com

MicroPowerTechnologies,Inc.June2011