SULIT 4541 Chemistry Marking Scheme October 2007

4541/1/2/3

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA ______________________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN SELARAS DIAGNOSTIK TINGKATAN 4 2007

FORM 4 CHEMISTRY Marking Scheme for Papers 1, 2 and 3

Peraturan pemarkahan ini mengandungi 23 halaman bercetak.

Paper 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B A D C D A C C B D A A C B B D C C B C

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

C D C D C C C C A A A C D C C D B C A A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

D B D C B D B B C A

Paper 2- Section A 1. (a) P: 2.8Q: 2.7

R: 2.1

1 1

(b) (i) Group; 18, Period 2

(ii) Group ; 17, Period 2 (iii) Group: 1, Period 2 (c) (i) P (ii) Has achieved a stable electron arrangement Q2 + H2O HQ + HOQ

1 1 1 1

(d)

1 1 1 1 10

(e) R (f) Q

(g) P < Q < R Total

2 a) 1. delivery tube is immersed in lime water 2. test-tube containing lime water is not stoppered sample answer:

1 1

Lime water b) (i) CuCO3 (ii) copper(II) oxide (iii) carbon dioxide (iv) CuCO3 CuO + CO2 r: formula 1 1 1 1

c)

(i) 11.89 11.45 = 0.44 g (ii) 1. moles of gas = 0.44 44 / 0.01

1 1

2. Volume of gas = ( 0.01)(24) / 0.24 dm3 d) moles of XSO4 = Moles of XO = 8.1 / 0.1 81

1 Total : 10

(a)

(i) (ii) (i) (ii) M (ii) (ii)

L+ E2-

1 1 1 1 1

(b)

10 2.8

(c) (d)

LJ r: JL, equation [can draw the diagram of electron arrangement correctly] +

Ion L+ Ion J1.[all electrons and number of shells filled with electron correct]1 2 [nucleus of atom labelled and charges of ion shown correctly] 1

(iii)

In aqueous solution // molten state Ions can move freely//free to move

1 1 Total 10

4.(a) ( i )

Negatively charged ion // the ion that moves to the anode / electrode U / positive electrode Electrical Cu+ , H+ , Cl -- , OH -Electrode U Cl , OH Electrode T Cu+ , H+ Chemical

1 1 1 1+1

( ii ) (b) ( i ) ( ii )

( iii ) ( iv )

A brown solid is deposited Blue to colourless / The blue colour of the solution is decolourised./The intensity of blue colour decreases Oxygen 1.Lower a glowing wooden splinter into the test tube. 2.The wooden splinter rekindles / relights.

1 1 1 1 10

(c) ( i ) ( ii )

(a)

( i ) water ( ii ) methylbenzene// any organic solvent ions 1.X ionises in water to produce hydrogen ions, 2.Y has neutral molecules and cannot ionise ( i ) neutralization ( ii ) 2HCl + Ba( OH )2 BaCl2+ 2H2O ( iii ) 1.No. Of mole, HCl= 0.6 X 8.0 = 0.0048 ---------1000 2. No. Of mole Ba(OH)2 = 0.0048/2 = 0.0024 3. Concentration of Ba(OH )2 = 0.0024 X 1000 -------------- // 8 = 0.3

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

b c

1 10

6 (a) (b)

Pb2+, Al3+, Zn2+ 1.Lead(II) nitrate 2. Pb(NO3)2

{any two correct}

1+1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total 10

(c)

(i) Precipitation /Double decomposition (ii) Pb2+ + SO42 PbSO4 1. Add a few drops of potassium iodide solution 2. Yellow precipitate formed 1. Filter the mixture. 2.Dry the precipitate between sheets of filter paper.

(d)

(e)

Section B
7 (a)(i) (ii) Ionic Covalent 1 1 2

(b) Between P and R 1. P atom has 2 valence electrons /electron arrangement of 2.8.2 2. Each P atom loses/donates/transfers 2 electrons to form P 2+ ion/ P P2+ + 2e3. R atom has 6 valence electrons 4. R atom gains/receives 2 electrons to form R R + 2e-R2 5. P and R achieve a stable electron arrangement 6. The two oppositely-charged ions are bonded together by a strong electrostatic force ( to form an ionic bond) [Diagram] 7. [all electrons and number of shells with electrons correct ] 8. [ nucleus of atoms lebelled and charges of ions shown correctly ] 2 2 1 1 8 1
2

1 1 ion / 1 1

(ii)

Between Q and R 1. Q atom has 4 valence electron and R atom has 6 valence electrons/electron arrangement 2. Two atoms of element R will contribute 2 electrons each to one Q atom 1 1

3. for sharing so as to achieve a stable octet structure/stable electron arrangement respectively// [diagram] 1

4. Therefore, they share two pairs of electrons to form a molecule with formula QR2 by (double) covalent bond 1 4

xx x x xx
R (c)

x x
Q

x x

xx x x xx
R

1.Sodium chloride is an ionic compound (with Na+ and Cl ions held in fixed positions ) 2. Strong electrostatic force of attraction exists between cations and anions// Na+ and Cl -//the oppositely-charged sodium ions and chloride ions (or electrostatics forces of attraction) 3. A large amount of heat energy is required to overcome the strong forces of attraction 1 1 1

4. Tetrachloromethane is a covalent compound (with simple molecules of CCl4) 1 5.The forces of attraction between molecules are weak//held together by weak (Van der Waals) forces of attractions 6. A small amount of heat (energy) is needed to overcome the weak forces between the molecules. 1 6 Total 20 1

8(a)(i) ( ii ) .

Any suitable electrolyte. Example sodium chloride solution [Between P and Q] 1. Q is the negative terminal. So, P is below Q. [Between Q and R] 2. R is the negative terminal. So, Q is below R. [Between P and S] 3. S is the negative terminal So, P is below S. 4. But, the potential difference between P and S metal is the biggest. So, P and S are situated farthest apart. 5. S is the most electropositive metal while P is the least electropositive metal. 6. Arrangement in descending order : S, R, Q, P

1 1 1 1 10

(iii)

1. 2. 3.

metal Q Because metal Q is less electropositive than metal S 0.6 V [value and unit correct]

(b)

Iron spoon Copper metal Copper(II) sulphate [Diagram] 1. Diagram complete and functional 1 2. Labels correct 1 [Chemicals + Procedures] 3. Iron spoon is used as the cathode/connected to the negative terminal of the dry cell 1 4. Copper metal is used as the anode/connected to the positive terminal of the dry cell 1 5. Copper ( II ) sulphate solution/any suitable copper salt solution is used as the electrolyte 1 6. Turn on the switch./ circuit is completed 1 [Observations] 7. At anode : The size / mass of the copper metal decreases. 1 8. At cathode : The iron key is coated with a brown layer of metal 1 [Chemical equations] 9. At anode : Cu Cu+ + 2e1 10. At cathode : Cu+ + 2e Cu 1 10 20

10

SECTION C 9 (a) 1. Nitric acid is a strong acid and ethanoic acid is a weak acid 2. Nitric acid ionises completey in water to produce high concentration of hydrogen ions 3. ethnoic acid ionises partially in water to produce low concentration of hydrogen ions 4. the higher the concentration of hidrogen ion the lower the pH value. Procedure 3 marks Ionic equation -1 mark Observation 1 mark Name of gas 1 mark Procedure 1. Pour [2- 5 ]cm3 of acid solution into a test tube. 2. Add zinc / magnesium powder into the test tube. 3. Lower the burning wooden splinter into the test tube. 4. equation :2H+ + Mg Mg2+ + H2 5. Observation : Gas burns with a pop sound 6. Gas is Hydrogen Or 1. Pour [2-5] cm3 of acid solution into the test tube. 2. Add the calcium carbonate powder in the test tube. 3. Pass through the gas liberated into lime water. 4. equation :2H + + CaCO3 Ca 2+ + CO2 + H2O 5. Observation : Lime water turns chalky/cloudy/milk 6. Gas is carbon dioxide 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4

(b)

1 1 1 1 1 1

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 Solution with the exact concentration known. (c)(i) 1.Materials : solid sodium hydroxide , water. Apparatus : Electronic balance , beaker, 250cm3 volumetric flask, (ii) glass rod. Calculation : 2. No. Of moles of NaOH = 0.1( 250 ) = 0.025 ------------1000 3. Mass of NaOH = 0.025X 40g = 1.0g Procedure : 4. Weigh 1.0g of sodium hydroxide and dissolve it in 100 cm3 of distilled water in a beaker. 5. Stir the solution using a glass rod. 6. Pour the solution into the volumetric flask using a filter funnel 7. Rinse the beaker, filter funnel with distilled water and after each rinse is transferred into the volumetric flask. 8. Add distilled water drop by drop into the volumetric until reaches the graduation mark. 9. Stopper the volumetric flask and shake the volumetric flask

1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

10 20

12

10

(a)

(i)

[Description of three complete reactions] eg. The reaction of magnesium with sulphuric acid to produce magnesium sulphate and hydrogen. Suggested reactions: Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2 MgO + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2O Mg(OH)2 + H2SO4 MgSO4 + 2H2O MgCO3 + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2O + CO2 1.Pour 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid into a beaker. [Volume: 20 100 cm3, molarity: 0.5 2.0 mol dm-3] 2.Warm the acid. 3.Use a spatula to add magnesium oxide powder [or any suitable reactant mentioned above] into the acid. 4.Stir the mixture evenly. 5 Continue adding magnesium oxide [or any suitable reactant] until some of it no longer dissolves. 6.Filter to remove the excess magnesium oxide. 7.Pour the filtrate into an evaporating dish and heat the salt solution to produce a saturated solution. 8.Cool the saturated solution until crystals are formed. 9. The content are filtered to obtain the magnesium sulphate crystals. 10.The crystals are pressed between a few pieces of filter paper to be dried. Ammonia gas NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH- / NH3 + H2O NH4OH 1.Dip a glass rod into concentrated hydrochloric acid and then bring it to the mouth of the test tube. 2.White fumes is formed. 1. Blue precipitate is formed. 2. Precipitate dissolves in excess ammonia 3. A dark blue colouration/solution is formed. TOTAL END OF PAPER 2 MARKING SCHEME

1+1+1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 1

(ii)

(b)

(i) (ii)

1 1 1 1 1 1

(iii)

(iv)

3 20

13

Marking Scheme for Paper 3 1.(a) KK0501 Making observations Rubric ( Able to tabulate all the expected observations correctly ) Suggested answer : Element 3 P Q R Observations It burns slowly .White fume is formed It burns rapidly . White fume is formed. It burns very rapidly and brightly . White fume is formed.

Score

2 1 0

( Able to state any two observations correctly ) ( Able to state any one observation correctly ) No response or wrong response

1 (b)

KK0502 Classifying Rubric ( Able to arrange the metals in correct order ) 3 Suggested answer : R, Q, P ( Able to arrange at least R as the first metal ) 2 Suggested answer : R, P, Q ( Wrong order of arrangement ) 1 Suggested answer : P, Q, R 0 No response or wrong response

Score

14

1 (c)

KK054 Making inference Rubric ( Able to deduce the reactivity of metals based on the three observations ) Suggested answer : 3 Reactivity of R is the highest, followed by Q while P has the lowest reactivity

Score

( Able to deduce reactivity of metals based on two observations ) Suggested answer : 2 Reactivity of R is the highest while reactivity of P is the lowest

( Able to deduce at least one observation correctly ) 1 Suggested answer : Reactivity of R is the highest / Reactivity of P is the lowest.

No response or wrong response

1 (d)

KK0510 Controlling variables Rubric ( Able to state 3 correct and complete variables ) Suggested answer Manipulated : Type of metals 3 Responding : Reactivity of metal with oxygen gas Fixed : Size of metal

Score

2 1 0

( Able to state 2 correct and complete variables ) ( Able to give one correct and complete variable ) No response or wrong response

15

1 (e)

KK0503 Measuring And Using Number Rubric ( Able to calculate the number of moles and concentration of solution correctly ) Suggested answer : 3 2.3g of Q = 2.3 / 23 = 0.1 mol 250 cm of water = 250 / 1000 = 0.25 dm Concentration of solution = 0.1 / 0.25 = 0.4 mol dm-

Score

( Incorrect calculation ) Suggested answer : 2 2.3g of Q = 2.3 / 23 = 0.1 mol Concentration of solution = 0.1 / 250 = 0.0004 mol dm

( At least the number of moles of Q is correct )

No response or wrong response

16

2. (a) KK0505 Predicting

Score 3 Rubric (Able to give correct answer and unit)

Suggested answer
2.27 V 2 (Able to give correct answer without unit)

Suggested answer :
2.27 1 (Round off to one decimal place)

Suggested answer :
2.2 V // 2.3 V

No response or wrong response

2. (b) KK06 Communicating

Score 3 Rubric (Able to write overall equation correctly)

Suggested answer :
Zn + Cu 2+ Cu + Zn 2+

(Able to write overall equation but incorrectly )

Suggested answer :
Zn + Cu +2 Cu + Zn +2

(Able to give an idea to write overall equation)

Suggested answer :
Cu + Zn 2+ Zn + Cu 2+

No response or wrong response

17

2. (c) KK07 Using Space Time-Relationship

Score 3 Rubric (Able to give the answer correctly)

Suggested answer :
The mass will decrease 2 (Able to give the answer but incorrectly)

Suggested answer :
Zinc electrode becomes thinner//dissolves in the solution 1 (Able to give an idea)

Suggested answer :
Zinc electrode corrodes 0 No response or wrong response

2. (d) KK08 Interpreting data

Score 3 Rubric

(Able to arrange the five metal in ascending order) Suggested answer :// symbol
Copper, lead, iron, zinc, magnesium // Cu, Pb, Fe, Zn, Mg

(Able to arrange at least three metal in ascending order) Suggested answer :

Zinc, Magnesium, Copper, lead, iron, // Zn, Mg, Cu, Pb, Fe,

(Able to arrange the five metal but in descending order) Suggested answer : Magnesium, zinc, iron, lead and copper // Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu

No response or wrong response

18

2. (e) KK0502 Classifying

Score 3 Rubric (Able to classify all ions into positive ions and negative ions correctly)

Suggested answer :
Positive ions: Cu2+, H+ Negative ions: SO42, OH 2 (Able to classify one positive ion and one negative ion for copper(II) sulphate.

Suggested answer :
Positive ions: Cu2+ Negative ions: SO42 1 (Able to give any one ion correctly)

Suggested answer :
Positive ions: Cu2+ / H+ Negative ions: SO4 0
2

or

/ OH

No response or wrong response

2. (f)

KK11 Making hypothesis

Score 3 Rubric (Able to give complete answer correctly)

Suggested answer :
The further the distance between the metals at the negative electrode, the bigger the voltage reading 2 (Able to give incomplete answer)

Suggested answer :
The further the distance between the metals, the bigger the voltage reading 1 (Able to give an idea)

Suggested answer :
Different pair of metals, have different voltage reading

No response or wrong response

19

(a) KK051201 - Problem statement Score Rubric ( Able to state the problem statement clearly and accurately) 3 Suggested answer : How to determine whether a given sample of acetamide is pure or not? (Able to state the problem statement slightly inaccurate) 2 Suggested answer : Which acetamide is pure? (Able to provide an idea of a problem statement) 1 Suggested answer : To study the purity of acetamide. 0 No response or wrong response

3 (b) KK051202 Stating all variables Score Rubric (Able to state all the corresponding variables accurately) Suggested answer Manipulated variable : Acetamide A and acetamide B// Type of Acetamide 3 Responding variable : melting point Fixed variables : quantity/mass of acetamide

2 1 0

(Able to state two corresponding variables accurately) [Able to state any one corresponding variable correctly]. No response or wrong response

20

3(c) KK0511- Making hypothesis Score Rubric (Able to state the hypothesis correctly) Suggested answer Pure acetamide has a melting point of 83oC [whereas impure acetamide has no fixed melting point]. (Able to state the hypothesis slightly inaccurate) Suggested answer The melting point of acetamide A and B is different. (Able to provide an idea of hypothesis) 1 Suggested answer The melting point of acetamide A is lower/ higher than B. 0 No response or wrong response

3 (d) KK051205 List of materials and apparatus Score Rubric (Able to list all materials and apparatus correctly) Suggested answer Materials: Acetamide A, acetamide B, water Apparatus: Boiling tube, beaker, thermometer, tripod stand, retort stand and clamp, Bunsen burner, stop watch, wire gauze, spatula (Able to list the basic materials and apparatus required) Suggested answer Materials: Acetamide A, acetamide B Apparatus: Boiling tube , beaker, thermometer, stop watch (Able to provide an idea of materials and apparatus used) 1 Suggested answer Materials: Acetamide 0 No response or wrong response Apparatus: [state at least one apparatus]

21

3(e) KK051204 Experimental procedure Score Rubric [Able to state all experimental steps correctly] Suggested answer 1. Fill a boiling tube with solid acetamide A until one third full. 2. Suspend the boiling tube in a beaker half filled with water. 3. Heat the water until the temperature of acetamide A reaches about 60oC. [50 60oC] 3 4. Stir slowly with the thermometer, 5. Record the temperature of acetamide at half minute intervals until the temperature reaches 90oC. [90 100oC] 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 by replacing acetamide A with acetamide B. 7. Plot graphs of Temperature against time for both substances to determine the melting point. [Able to provide 4 steps correctly to carry out the experiment] 2 [Able to provide minimum of 2 steps correctly to carry out the experiment] 1 0 No response or wrong response

22

3 (f) KK 0501-05 Tabulation of data Score Rubric (Able to construct a table correctly containing the following elements) Substance, time, temperature Suggested answer Acetamide A 3 Time (min) Temperature (oC) Time (min) Acetamide B Temperature (oC)

(Able to construct a tabulation of data containing the following elements) Subtance, melting point Suggested answer 2 Acetamide A B Melting point (oC)

(An idea of a tabulation of data ) - Minimum of 2 rows and columns

No response or wrong response

Total marks for question 3 : Maximum marks:

END OF MARKING SCHEME FOR PAPER 3.

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