pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: Initially 135 mg was taken the pH was found to be 7.01 another 165 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 7.91 another 200 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 8.24 finally another 500 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 8.62

Tris 1002.5 m Tris Wt. taken = 160.5 mg mg 1002.6 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Tris 1002.5 mg 8.62 8.49 8.39 8.29 8.2 8.12 8.04

pH

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

Tris 1002.5 mg

Tris 1002.5 mg

40 Time in minutes

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

ProceedureIn a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stirrer( : measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing capac the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Not and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes.

Trisodium phosphate Wt. taken = 160.5 mg Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Initial = 2.4 pH

TSP 160.5 mg Tris 1000mg 7.83 6.46 3.02 2.2 1.98 1.84 1.74
pH

pH time curve of T
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

pH time curve of TSP

TSP 160.5 mg

40 Time in minutes

50

60

70

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: Initially 135 mg was taken the pH was found to be 7.01 another 165 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 7.91 another 200 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 8.24 finally another 500 mg was added to the same vessel the pH was found to be 8.62

Calcium carbonate Wt. taken = 160.5 mg mg 280.40

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

CaCo3 280.4mg 8.17 7.84 7.74 7.63 7.6 7.55 7.3

CaCo3 280.4mg 9 8 7 6 pH 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

CaCo3 280.4mg

CaCo3 280.4mg

40

50

60

70

me in minutes

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

Magnesium Hydroxide Wt. taken = 150.7 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

MgOH2 150.7mg 10.03 9.84 9.69 9.61 9.45 9.25 9

MgOH2 150.7mg 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

MgOH2 150.7mg

MgOH2 150.7mg

40

50

60

70

me in minutes

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: Double the qty. of neutralizing capacity

Sodium bi carbonate Wt. taken = 350 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

NaHCO 3 350mg 8.54 8.28 8.08 8.01 7.84 7.55 6.68

NaHCO 3 350mg 9 8 7 6 pH 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

NaHCO 3 350mg

NaHCO 3 350mg

40

50

60

70

me in minutes

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

Magnesium Oxide heavy Wt. taken = 170.9 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

MgO heavy 170.9 mg 10.66 10.61 10.59 10.57 10.56 10.54 10.5

MgO heavy 170.9 mg 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

MgO heavy 170.9 mg

MgO heavy 170.9 mg

60 in minutes

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

TSP + MgO Wt. taken =

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO 10.66 10.65 10.69 10.67 10.57 10.54 10.38

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

60

80

in minutes

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

TSP + CaCO3 Wt. taken = 160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg 9.48 7.4 6.98 6.75 6.59 6.47 6.44

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 m 10 9 8 7 6 pH 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes 60

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

TSP + MgOH2 Wt. taken = 160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg 9.88 9.3 8.86 8.56 8.64 8.53 8.43

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: As per the tested formula and patent of azithromycin 2g suspension

TSP + MgOH2 Wt. taken = 350.1 TSP + MgOH2 250.1 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg 11.45 11.09 10.14 9.44 9.01 8.68 8.52

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 14 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

TSP + NaHCO3 Wt. taken = 160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg 8.27 7.14 6.92 6.76 6.6 6.43 6.27

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 9 8 7 6 pH 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes 60

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

60mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton:

TSP + Tris Wt. taken =

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg 9.26 8.36 7.95 7.56 7.07 6.56 3.44

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 m 10 9 8 7 6 pH 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes 60

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: Upon addition of acid at every interval pH goes down to 8.9 and regains back within 2 minutes

Tris + MgO Wt. taken =

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg 10.47 10.47 10.4 10.41 10.38 10.36 10.35

250mg Tris + MgO 170 m 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes 60

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

ack within 2 minutes

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg

60

80

pH time curve of various buffers

Proceedure : In a beaker take 210 ml of water .to this add 9.6 ml of 0.1 N HCL and aalow to stirr with magnetic stir measure the initial pH (about 2.4),add the required qty. of buffer as determined by pH neutralizing cap the buffer solution with 0.1 N HCL (30ml) for a period of 60 minutes at the rate of 0.5 ml per minute. N and 5 mint. Interval for insoluble bufferes. Observaton: Upon addition of acid at every interval pH goes down to 8.9 and regains back within 2 minutes

NaHCO3 + MgO Wt. taken = NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg

Initial = 2.4 pH

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg 10.2 10.19 10.19 10.12 10.08 10.01 9.86

NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 Time in minutes

ow to stirr with magnetic stirrer(basal stomach fluid) mined by pH neutralizing capacity of different buffers.Titrate e rate of 0.5 ml per minute. Note the change in pH at every 2 min interval for soluble buffers

ack within 2 minutes

NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg

NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg

60

80

Comaprative pH time curve of different buffers

13.50

11.50

Tris 1002.5 mg TSP 160.5 mg CaCo3 280.4mg

9.50

MgOH2 150.7mg NaHCO 3 350mg MgO heavy 170.9 mg

pH

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

7.50

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg 160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg 250 TSP + MgOH2 350 mg

5.50

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg 160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg 250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg

3.50

1.50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time in minutes

Time 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

1 2 3 4 5 Tris 1002.5 mg TSP 160.5 mg CaCo3 280.4mg MgOH2 150.7mg NaHCO 3 350mg 8.62 7.83 8.17 10.03 8.54 8.49 6.46 7.84 9.84 8.28 8.39 3.02 7.74 9.69 8.08 8.29 2.2 7.63 9.61 8.01 8.2 1.98 7.6 9.45 7.84 8.12 1.84 7.55 9.25 7.55 8.04 1.74 7.3 9 6.68

Selected buffers short listed S.No. Buffers 1 MgO 170 mg 2 MgO 170 mg + 160 mg TSP 3 MgO 170 mg + NaHCO3 350 mg stable combination 4 MgO 170 mg + Tris 250 mg 5 TSP 160mg + MgOH2 150 mg 6 MgOH2 150 mg

Buffers finalised Reason Once the formulation ingested the soluble buffer dissolves immedieately and shots up t and then the insoluble buffers actes as scavenger to protect for longer time period once reacting with secreated acid so the combination of soluble and insoluble buffers are mandatory

Titration conducted to acertain the amt. of soluble buffer required to neutralize the 30 m bcs. The soluble buffer should neutralize the stomach pH immediately to 8 and the inso 30 minutes buffer amount required to bring ph 8 1 TSP 350 mg 2 Tris 500 mg 3 Na2HCO3 350 mg 4 Mgo 120 mg 5 mgOH 150 mg Selected final buffers

Selection of Buffers by estimating the acid neutralizing capacity of various buffers

Tris 1002.5 mg

14

TSP 160.5 mg

13

CaCo3 280.4mg

12

MgOH2 150.7mg

11

NaHCO 3 350mg

10

MgO heavy 170.9 mg

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg

pH

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3 mg 250 TSP + MgOH2 350 mg

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350 mg

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg

3
NaHCO3 350mg + MgO 170mg

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Time in min.

6 7 160 TSP + CaCO3 160.6 TSP + 9 250 TSP + 8 10 280.4 mg MgOH2 150.3 MgOH2 350 mg MgO heavy 170.9 mg 160 TSP + 170.1 MgO 10.66 10.74 9.48 9.88 11.45 10.61 10.65 7.4 9.3 11.09 10.59 10.69 6.98 8.86 10.14 10.57 10.67 6.75 8.56 9.44 10.56 10.57 6.59 8.64 9.01 10.54 10.54 6.47 8.53 8.68 10.5 10.38 6.44 8.43 8.52

mmedieately and shots up the pH of the medium t for longer time period once by continuousely

quired to neutralize the 30 mints acid 24.5 ml 0.1 N hcl mmediately to 8 and the insoluble buffer shall maintain for next

Tris 1002.5 mg

TSP 160.5 mg

CaCo3 280.4mg

MgOH2 150.7mg

NaHCO 3 350mg

MgO heavy 170.9 mg

160 TSP + 170.1 MgO

160 TSP + CaCO3 280.4 mg

160.6 TSP + MgOH2 150.3

250 TSP + MgOH2 350 mg

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350

160mg TSP + NaHCO3 350

160mg TSP + Tris 250.7 mg

250mg Tris + MgO 170 mg

NaHCO3 350mg + MgO

14 160mg TSP + 11 160mg TSP + 12 250mg Tris + 13 NaHCO3 350mg NaHCO3 350 mg Tris 250.7 mg MgO 170 mg + MgO 170mg 8.27 9.26 10.47 10.2 7.14 8.36 10.47 10.19 6.92 7.95 10.4 10.19 6.76 7.56 10.41 10.12 6.6 7.07 10.38 10.08 6.43 6.56 10.36 10.01 6.27 3.44 10.35 9.86