Geometry Geometry (Ancient Greek: ; geo- "earth", -metria "measurement") is a branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size,

relative position of figures, and the properties of space. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is called a geometer. Geometry arose independently in a number of early cultures as a body of practical knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, with elements of a formal mathematical science emerging in the West as early as Thales (6th Century BC). By the 3rd century BC geometry was put into an axiomatic form by Euclid, whose treatmentEuclidean geometryset a standard for many centuries to follow.[1] Archimedes developed ingenious techniques for calculating areas and volumes, in many ways anticipating modern integral calculus. The field of astronomy, especially mapping the positions of the stars and planets on the celestial sphere and describing the relationship between movements of celestial bodies, served as an important source of geometric problems during the next one and a half millennia. Both geometry and astronomy were considered in the classical world to be part of the Quadrivium, a subset of the seven liberal arts considered essential for a free citizen to master. UNDEFINED TERMS IN GEOMETRY point is like a star in the night sky. It is a little spec in a large endless sky. However, unlike starts, geometric points have no size. Think of them as being so small that they take up zero amount of space. In geometry, topology, and related branches of mathematics, a spatial point is a primitive notion upon which other concepts may be defined. In geometry, points are zero-dimensional; i.e., they do not have volume, area, length, or any other higher-dimensional analogue. In branches of mathematics dealing with set theory, an element is sometimes referred to as a point. line is like the edge of a ruler, that never ends. Take a ruler and draw a line - now imagine if that line kept going straight forever. The line you have is thick enough for you to see, but you need to imagine that your line is so thin that you can't see it - it has no thickness at all. That is a geometric line. The notion of line or straight line was introduced by ancient mathematicians to represent straight objects with negligible width and depth. Lines are an idealization of such objects. Thus, until seventeenth century, lines were defined like this: "The line is the first species of quantity, which has only one dimension, namely length, without any width nor depth, and is nothing else than the flow or run of the point which [...] will leave from its imaginary moving some vestige in length, exempt of any width. [...] The straight line is that which is equally extended between its points" plane is a flat piece of land (like a football field) that extends forever. Imagine that you can pick that football field up, and put it anywhere in the air that you like. You can even turn it side ways, or diagonally. A plane is just a flat edge (like a piece of paper) that has no thickness (just like the line) and extends forever. In mathematics, a plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface. A plane is the two dimensional analogue of a point (zero-dimensions), a line (one-dimension) and a space (three-dimensions). Planes can arise as subspaces of some higher dimensional space, as with the walls of a room, or they may enjoy an independent existence in their own right, as in the setting of Euclidean geometry. When working in two-dimensional Euclidean space, the definite article is used, the plane, to refer to the whole space. Many fundamental tasks in mathematics, geometry, trigonometry, graph theory and graphing are performed in two-dimensional space, or in other words, in the plane.