Overview of IEEE Wireless Network Standards

Convergent Wireless Network Standards IEEE 802 Series

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
802.15 (since 1999)

Wireless Local Area Netwrok (WLAN)

IEEE 802.11 (since 1990)

Wireless Metropolitan Network (WMAN)

IEEE 802.16 (since 2001)

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)

IEEE 802.20 (since 2002)

Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN)

IEEE 802.22 (since 2004)

Media Independent Handover Services

IEEE 802.21

Relationship
RAN
< 100 km 802.22 (proposed) - 18 to 24 Mbps

WAN
< 15 km 802.20 (proposed) GSM, GPRS, CDMA, 2.5G, 3G 10 kbps to 2.4 Mbps

MAN
< 5 km 802.16-2004 - 70 Mbps 802.16e-2005 35Mbps

Handover Service

802.21

LAN
< 150 m 802.11a/b/e/g 1- 54Mbps 802.11n (proposed) > 100 Mbps

PAN
< 10 m 802.15.1 (Bluetooth) Mbps 1 802.15.3 > 20 Mbps 802.15.3a (UWB) < 480 Mbps 802.15.4 (Zigbee) < 250 kbps

802.3 802.4 802.5 802.6 802.11

802.1 802.2
TG1 TG2 TG3 TG4 TG5

802.15

IEEE Project 802 Standard

LR-WPAN

802.16 802.17

LLC

PHY

Data Link Layer

MAC PHY

Wireless Markets
TEXT GRAPHICS INTERNET LONG HI-FI AUDIO STREAMING VIDEO DIGITAL VIDEO MULTI-CHANNEL VIDEO

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802.11b 802.11a/HL2 & 802.11g Bluetooth 2

LAN

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RANGE

SHORT

ZigBee

Bluetooth1

PAN

LOW

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DATA RATE

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HIGH

IEEE 802.15 Working Group

IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee

802.1 Higher Layer LAN Protocols Working Group

...

802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks Working Group

...

802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks Working Group

802.16 Broadband Wireless MAN Working Group

802.17 Resilient Packet Ring Working Group

TG1 WPAN/Bluetooth Task Group

TG2 Coexistence Task Group

TG3 WPAN High Rate Task Group

TG4 WPAN Low Rate Task Group

WPAN IEEE 802.15 (I)

IEEE 802.15.1
Original spec Bluetooth Working range: < 10m RF Band: 2.4GHz ISM Modulation: Frequency Hopping (79 channels) Bit Rate: up to 720 kbps Network structure:
piconet up to 8 devices scatternet combination of piconet Provide voice channel
P S S M SB S

M=Master S=Slave P=Parked SB=Standby

S P

SB

P P SB M S

Application: Device communications Status Standard (2002) (2005)

WPAN IEEE 802.15 (II)

IEEE 802.15.2 Coexistence
Coexistence with 802.11 Status Standard (2003)

IEEE 802.15.3/3b High-Rate WPAN

RF Band: 2.4 GHz ISM Bit Rate: > 20 Mbps Network Structure
CSMA/CA + TDMA piconet + p2p communication link QoS

Applications: Short-range multimedia streaming Status Standard (2005)

WPAN IEEE 802.15 (III)

IEEE 802.15.4/4a (Zigbee) Low-Rate WPAN
RF Band: 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 2.4GHz Modulation: BPSK + spreading codes Bit rate: < 250 kbps Low power consumption Application: Industrial/Medical sensor network Network Structure
CSMA/CA Star / peer-peer / combination

Status:
802.15.4 Standard (2003) (2006) 802.15.4a Standard (2007) 802.15.4c/4d PHY for China/Japan pre-draft 802.15.4e enhancement - predraft

Why is ZigBee Needed?

Unique needs of sensors and control systems
Dont need high bandwidth Low cost Low latency Very low energy consumption for long battery lives Large number of devices

WPAN IEEE 802.15 (IV)

IEEE 802.15.5 WPAN Mesh
Facilitating wireless mesh topologies High-Rate MAC & Low-Rate MAC enhancement Status pre-draft

WPAN Spec

WLAN IEEE 802.11 (WiFi) Network Structure

Infrastructure BSS

Independent BSS

Access Point

WLAN IEEE 802.11 (PHY)

IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11
General MAC CSMA/CA Modulation: FHSS, DSSS, IR PHY Bit rate: up to 2Mbps Status: Standard (1999) Integrate 11a & 11b at 2.4 GHz Status: Standard

IEEE 802.11n
RF Band: 2.4 GHz ISM Modulation: OFDM + MIMO Bit Rate: > 100 Mbps Status: draft

IEEE 802.11a
RF Band: 5 GHz UNII Modulation: OFDM Bit Rate: up to 54 Mbps Status: Standard (1999) RF Band: 2.4GHz ISM Modulation: CCK Bit Rate: up to 11 Mbps Status: Standard (1999)

IEEE 802.11j
Japanese PHY Status: Standard (2004)

IEEE 802.11b

WLAN IEEE 802.11 (MAC)

IEEE 802.11e
QoS Enhancement on MAC Status Standard (2005)
Draft or pre-draft: 11k Radio Resource Measurement 11p Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) 11r Fast Roaming 11s WLAN Mesh 11u Interworking with External Networks 11v Network Management 11w protected management frame 11z Direct Link Setup

IEEE 802.11f
Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP) Status Standard (2003) Withdrawn (2006)

IEEE 802.11i
Security Enhancement on MAC Status: Standard (2004)

IEEE 802.11 PHY Layer

WMAN IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)

Potential Usage of WiMax

WMAN IEEE 802.16 Spec

IEEE 802.16-2004 Fixed WMAN
Range:
Line of Sight: about 50 km Non Line of Sight: about 8 km

IEEE 802.16e-2005 Mobile WMAN

Support mobility Bit rate: up to 60 Mbps RF Band: < 11 GHz

Bit Rate:
Line of Sight: 16 ~ 134 Mbps Non Line of Sight: up to ~70 Mbps

RF Band:
Line of Sight : 11~66 GHz Non Line of Sight: 2~11GHz

IEEE 802.16.2-2004
Coexistence

IEEE 802.16f-2005

Management Information Modulation: SC, OFDM, MIMO BASE (MIB) MAC: PMP, Mesh (optional) IEEE 802.16k-2007 Duplexing: TDD/FDD Bridging of IEEE 802.16 QoS

WMAN IEEE 802.16 Spec (cont.)

Draft or Pre-draft: IEEE 802.16h
Improved Coexistence Mechanisms for License-Exempt Operation

IEEE 802.16i
Management Plane Procedures and Services

IEEE 802.16j
Multihop Relay Specification

WWAN IEEE 802.20

Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) Mission
Develop the specification for an efficient packet based air interface that is optimized for the transport of IP based services

Scope:
MAC & PHY of MBWA RF Band: < 3.5 GHz Modulation: OFDM Bit rate: > 1 Mbps per user Mobility: up to 250 km/h

A direct competitor to 3G Status: draft

WRAN IEEE 802.22

Cognitive-Radio Based PHY/MAC
enable flexible, efficient and reliable spectrum use by adapting the radios operating characteristics to the real-time conditions of the environment

RF Band:
TV Bands (54 ~ 682 MHz) w/ bandwidth 6/7/8 MHz

MAC: PMP (point-to-multipoint) Bit Rate:

18 ~ 24 Mbps per channel 1.5 Mbps upstream, 300 kbps downstream

Service Range:
33 km for 4W CPE transmit power up to 100 km Propagation delays exceed 300 s

Status: draft (802.22.1 draft 2.0)

MIH IEEE 802.21

Media Independent Handover (MIH) Mission
Enable handover and interoperability between heterogeneous network types including both 802 and non 802 networks. Focus on Heterogeneous (Vertical) Handovers
Homogeneous (Horizontal) Handovers
Within Single Network (Localized Mobility) 802.11r, 802.16e, 3GPP, 3GPP2

Services: (next page) Status: draft (D7.1)

Handover Standards
VCC I-WLAN SAE-LTE
802.11r 802.16e

3GPP/2
Inter-working & Handover Signaling
MIP
NETLMM

IEEE 802.21

IEEE
Horizontal Handovers

SIP

FMIP IP Mobility & Handover Signaling

DNA

HIP MIPSHOP

IETF

802.21 Provides 802 component to other Handover Standards

802.21: Key Services

Applications (VoIP/RTP)
Connection Management Policy

IETF

State Change Handover Management Predictive Network Mobility Management ProtocolsInitiated

802.21 MIH Function
Smart Triggers Handover Messages Information Service

Link Layer Triggers Handover

Network Information
Available Networks Neighbor Maps Network Services

Handover Commands
L2 Triggers and Events Handover Messages

WLAN

Cellular

Client Initiated Network Initiated Vertical Handovers

Information Service

WMAN

Protocol and Device Hardware

802.21 uses multiple services to Optimize Vertical Handovers

IEEE 802.21