POVERTY AS A CHALLENGE

NIKITA JAIN 12BSP1736

WHAT IS POVERTY ?
Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money. The world bank describes poverty as: Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time.

MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
EXPENDIURE METHOD INCOME METHOD

Under this the minimum food requirements for survival is estimated. The food value is converted into calories. The caloric value of food is then converted into the money value i.e. in rupees. The total equivalent amount is considered as the poverty line.

This method is used by the government while distributing food through PDS at the local level. Under this a poverty line is fixed by the government. All the families whose total income is less than the poverty line fixed by the government are considered as BPL.

WHAT IS POVERTY LINE?

Poverty line is the line which indicates the level of purchasing power required to satisfy the minimum needs of a person. It represents the capacity to satisfy the minimum level of human needs. The line divides the people into 2 groups : 1. Above poverty line 2.Below poverty line

VULNERABLE GROUP
Poverty and occupation both are co-related. Most of the poor people include agricultural and casual laborers, the SCs , STs and the physically challenged.
60 50 40

Poverty in India 2000 : Most vulnerable Group

51
50 47 43 26

30
20 10 0 Sheduled Tribes Urban Casual Rural Labourers Agricultural Labourers Sheduled Castes

Average Indian Poverty Ratio

CAUSES OF POVERTY
BRITISH RULE RURAL ECONOMY HEAVY PRESSURE OF POPULATION CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDEREMPLOYMENT LACK OF PROPER INDUSTRIALISATION SOCIAL FACTORS INDIAS ECONOMIC POLICY NEO-LIBERAL POLICIES AND THEIR EFFECTS

POVERTY IN INDIAN STATES

STATES No. Of People BPL % of People BPL

BIHAR
MADHYA PRADESH MAHARASHTRA ORISSA TAMIL NADU UTTAR PRADESH WEST BENGAL GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PRADESH JAMMU & KASHMIR

425.64
298.54 227.99 169.09 130.48 529.89 213.49 0.70 67.89 17.34 5.12 3.46

42.60
37.43 25.03 47.15 21.12 31.15 27.02 4.40 14.07 8.74 7.63 3.48

KERALA PUNJAB

41.04 14.49

12.72 6.16

POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMMES

Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) Prime Ministers Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) Swarnajayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SSRY) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)

POVERTY IN THE WORLD

THANK YOU
THE END