Shooting Rules

Jump Cut f Stops Iris

Zoom Lens

Jump Cuts
Jump cuts occur if two very similarly composed shots of the same subject are cut together.

The effect

distracting and even ridiculous

Solution 1
Change the size of the shot

long shot to medium shot

medium shot to close up

Move the camera nearer / further

away from the subject; move the

subject or zoom in and out.

Solution 2
Change the camera angle.

from full face to half profile or

eye level to a lower angle shot

The Iris
The iris is the mechanism which allows light to pass into the camera.

It has a hole through which light passes through (the aperture).

f Stops
Range of f stops :
f1.4, f2.8, f4, f5.6, f8, f11, and f22. The largest number = the smallest hole The smallest number = the biggest hole C= aperture completely closed

f stops
Use small aperture under bright light and big aperture under low light conditions.
For the best pictures, use medium f stops setting especially f 5.6 (use with added lights)

Iris setting affects depth of field The wider the aperture, the smaller the depth of field.

Large aperture: small depth of field

depth of field

Small aperture:
large depth of field

depth of field

Focus will be more problematic in low light conditions where the iris need to be opened wide. Your subject will not be able to move forward or backward very far without going out of focus.

So, for focus reasons (as well as the likely noise level in the video and poor dubbing quality later on) its better to add light than to shoot with a very wide aperture.

Usually, the setting chosen by the

auto iris is the most appropriate

setting for the existing light

conditions.

Zoom lens
The zoom lens allows you to vary the lens angle from wide (W) to telephoto (T)

When you press the W side, the camera picture gradually

changes to a wider and wider angle

shot until its zoomed out all the way.

When you press the T side,

the camera picture gradually

changes to a narrower and

narrower angle shot until its zoomed in all the way.

Auto Zoom
Requires electrical energy, an added power drain on the battery. Makes a whirring sound when operated, which can be picked up clearly by a camera-mounted microphone.

Shot Transitions
The way in which one shot continues from the preceding shot
Types: Cut Dissolve Wipe

Fade
Dip to Black

Cut:

Suggest continuous action or parallel action where another similar action is taking place at another location at the same time.

Dissolve: To show that the next shot is taking place at a different time or location.

Wipe:

Replace image or push off image. Often used to end segments or sequence.

To or from black to mark the beginning or end of the sequence. Dip to Black: A quick fade to black and fade up to picture is often used to show a change in time, action or location.

Fade: