8 Cross-Connections

8.1

8 Cross-Connections Session presentation

Objective: to be able to create and manage the CrossConnections in the SDH equipment program: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Creation & Management 8.3 SNCP 8.4 Loopback

8.2

8.1 Introduction Matrix role

A not-blocking matrix can interconnect all the afferent SDH and PDH signals with any other SDH and PDH port. All ports are connected to the matrix in the same way, without any difference between the port types. Connections are always performed by the matrix: no direct connection between two ports is allowed. There is no constraint for the timeslot change for each cross-connection (e.g. AU-4#n of an SDH port can be cross-connected to AU-4#m of another SDH port, with n and m generic) Several types of connections may be established, such as: Unidirectional Point to Point, Unidirectional Point to Multipoint, Bidirectional Point to Point, Protected. AU4-4c, AU4-16c and AU4-64c concatenated signals can also be cross connected between any STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 ports.

8.3

8.1 Introduction SDH-ETSI Multiplexing Structure

STM-N

xN

x1 AUG AU-4 VC-4 x3 x1 C-4

140 Mbit/s

PDH SIGNAL LEVEL-n

STUFFING BITS x JUSTIFICATION

TUG-3 x7

TU-3

VC-3

C-3

34 Mbit/s

x1 C-n TUG-2 x3 VCn-POH

TU-2

VC-2

C-2

6.3 Mbit/s

TU-1

VC-1

C-1

2 Mbit/s

C-n

TU-n POINTER

VC-n = POINTER = MAPPING = ALIGNMENT TU-n = MULTIPLEXING

8.4

8.1 Introduction Termination points to cross-connect

STM-1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-64 Ports PORTS Structure STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-64 140 Mbit/s 34Mbit/s 45Mbit/s 2Mbit/s TU-3 TU-12 VC-4 VC-3 VC-12 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes AU-4 AU-4 Yes TU-3 TU-12 140Mbit/s port VC-4 Yes 34Mbit/s 45Mbit/s ports VC-3 2Mbit/s ports VC-12 -

Matrix can cross-connect: Lower Order (LO) termination points: VC-12, VC-3, TU-12 and TU-3.

Higher Order (HO) termination points: VC-4 and AU-4.

8.5

8.1 Introduction Matrix capacity and structure

1640FOX Card that implements the SDH matrix Capacity of HPC Capacity of LPC SYNTH 32x32 32x32 1650SM-C SYNTH (main and spare) 32x32 32x32 1660SM rel 4.3 MATRIXN (main and spare) 96x96 64x64 1660SM rel 5.1 MATRIXE (main and spare) 384x384 256x256

HPC MATRIX
AU4-AU4 CXC
VC4

LPC MATRIX
TU-VC CXC VC12

STM-N Port

AU4

2Mbit/s Port

AU4-VC4 CXC

TU-TU CXC

VC-VC CXC

VC3

34/45 Mbit/s Port

STM-N Port

AU4 VC4-VC4 CXC

VC4

140 Mbit/s Port

8.6

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Operation sequence

Steps for 2Mbit/s drop/insert(D/I) creation: Structure the Au4 of the STM port up to the desired Tu12 Open Transmission view and use Terminate TP and Structure TPs commands Cross-connect the prepared Tu12 with the desired Vc12 of the 2Mbit/s interface Use Create Cross Connections command

8.7

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Add TP in Transmission View

2nd- select Add TP

1st- select Transmission

Note: in this example Transmission View is empty. When reached by navigating from another view (e.g. from Port View) Transmission View displays the corresponding objects with the functional symbols

8.8

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: TP search

1st- Select STM-16 port 4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

2nd- Select Au4 in Class filter

5th- select the desired AU4

3rd-Click on Search.

6th- Click on OK

8.9

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Terminate TP

1st- Select the AU4

2nd-Select Terminate TP

8.10

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Structure Tug3

1st- To expand the tree: double click on the object to get the next
object

2nd- Select the Tug3

3rd- Select Tu12

8.11

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Transm. view with Tu12

To expand the tree: double click on the object to get the next
object

8.12

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Create Cross Connections

1st- select the Tu12 to cross-connect

2nd- select Create Cross Connections

8.13

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Choose Output

1st- select Bidirectional and Not protected

2nd- Choose the output Termination Point(Vc12)

8.14

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Select Vc12

1st- select the 2Mbit/s Port card(not the Access card A21E1)

4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

2nd- Select Vc12 in Class filter

5th- select the desired Vc12

3rd-Click on Search.

6th- Click on OK

8.15

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Final step

Input Tu12 and Output Vc12 are available

Press OK

8.16

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: results

Termination Points in the SDH Port

Termination Points in the matrix

Termination Points in the PDH Port

Port View of A21E1 card

8.17

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management opening

Select Cross Connection Management

8.18

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management result

Press Search

Lower order cross-connection Tu12-Vc12

Higher order cross-connection Au4-Vc4

8.19

8.2 Creation & Management Tu12 Pass Through: creation

1st-Structure the AU4 of one STM Port up to Tu12 2nd-Structure the AU4 of the other STM Port up to Tu12

3rd-Select Create Cross Connections

8.20

8.2 Creation & Management Tu12 Pass Through: Choose Output

2ndMATRIX 3rdTu12 4thSearch 5th-Tu12

1stChoose

7th-OK

6th-OK 8.21

8.2 Creation & Management Tu12 Pass Through: results

Transmission View

Cross Connections Management

8.22

8.2 Creation & Management Au4 Pass Through: Create Cross Connections

Port View of one STM port

8.23

8.2 Creation & Management Au4 Pass Through: Choose Output

2nd-select STM card 3rdAU4 4thSearch 5th- select Au4P

1stChoose

7th-OK

6th-OK 8.24

8.2 Creation & Management Au4 Pass Through: Port view

Port view

Press OK

8.25

8.2 Creation & Management Au4 Pass Through: Transmission view

First TP Selected TP

8.26

8.2 Creation & Management Au4 Pass Through: Cross Connection Management

1st 2nd

Press Search
8.27

8.2 Creation & Management Multi leg unidirectional Cross-Connection (cntd)

A multi-leg connection is a broadcasting connection. The only particularity different from the other creation is: select the first output Choose click on Add Leg select the second output Choose click on Add Leg .....

8.28

8.2 Creation & Management Split and join Cross-Connections (cntd)

Objective: Split a cross-connection
1- Select, in the Cross Connection Management window, the bidirectional cross-connection to split

2- Press Split

8.29

8.2 Creation & Management Split and join Cross-Connections

Objective: Join two cross-connections
1- Select, in the Cross Connection Management window, the two unidirectional cross-connection to join

2- Press Join

8.30

8.3 SNCP Introduction

SNCP (Sub-Network Connection Protection) is a dedicated protection mechanism that can be used to protect a portion of a path (between two NE) or the full end-to-end path.
Each transmitting signal node is permanently connected (bridge) in the main traffic direction (i.e. clockwise) and in the protected traffic direction (i.e. counter clockwise). The Tx signal reaches destination through two different paths, thus enabling the node receiving it to select the best one. Two types of SNCP are possible: SNCP/I (Inherent monitoring) that switches on SSF criteria (AU-AIS or AU-LOP for HVC and TU-LOP or TU-AIS for LVC). SNCP/N (Non-intrusive monitoring) where POH is monitored by the POM enabled before the matrix. The switches criteria are SSF and one or more of ExBER, TIM, UNEQ, SD. Two operating modes can be selected for single VC SNCP: revertive (the signal is switched back into the working channel, after recovery of the fault)-

In the revertive operation the Wait time to restore (WTR) is fixed at 5 min.
not revertive

8.31

8.3 SNCP Scheme

NE 3
Side B Side A

PASS-THROUGH Side A Side B

BRIDGE

NE 2
SWITCH

PASS-THROUGH

NE 4

Side B
CLOCKWISE Side A COUNTER CLOCKWISE

Side A Side B

NE 1
Side B

PASS-THROUGH

SWITCH BRIDGE Side A

NE 5

8.32

8.3 SNCP Configuration (cntd)

Select Protected Flag here if the protection must be revertive

Select the SNCP type

Choose the ProtectING Input

Hold Off Time

8.33

8.3 SNCP Check the CxC

Protected cross-connection

8.34

8.3 SNCP Protection commands

Select the protected cross-connection and click on Protect button

8.35

8.3 SNCP Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration (cntd)

The objective of this exercise is to set up a bidirectional protected cross connection between a 2Mbit/s port and STM-1 ports.

Block Diagram for the Vc12-Au4cross-connection

1650SM-C

Loop
Line
MATRIX Pattern Generator Error Detector 2Mbit/s Port #1 Line Port #2 Port #1

Loop

Set up a bidirectional protected cross-connection between the Vc12 of a 2Mbit/s PDH port and two Tu12s of two different STM-4 ports 8.36

8.3 SNCP Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration

Cross Connection between 2Mbit/s port and STM-4, in protected configuration (SNCP/I) The OMSN must be configured with 2 STM-4 and one P63E1 (plus A21E1) The procedure to setup the cross-connection is described in the following slides (use both slides and notes) The description is for help only: the logical procedure is described in the Operations section.

8.37

8.3 SNCP Test 1

8.38

8.3 SNCP Test 2

8.39

8.4 Loopback Line Loopback

The loopbacks can be applied: at line level; at internal level. The loopback commands are used to separate the communication network into independent parts checking the line/equipment functionality during the network installation or maintenance operation

LINE LOOPBACK
i.e. STM-N port Signal

Line
Signal generator Signal

SPI RST MST MSP

Line loop and Continue
i.e STM-N port Signal

MSP MST RST

AIS AIS

SPI

Line
Signal generator

Line loop and AIS

8.40

8.4 Loopback Internal Loopback

INTERNAL LOOPBACK
i.e. STM-N port PDH or STM-N port

Signal

MATRIX

Line

SPI RST MST MSP

Signal

Signal generator

Internal loop and Continue

PDH or STM-N port

i.e. STM-N port

AIS

MATRIX

MSP MST RST SPI

Signal

Line

Signal generator

Internal loop and AIS

8.41

8.4 Loopback Configuration

TP involved in the loopback

8.42

8.4 Loopback Management (cntd)

PORT VIEW TRANSMISSION VIEW

8.43