A PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINAR ON

NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LIMITED

Submitted to

MODI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

NAYAGAON,RAWATBHATA ROAD,KOTA
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

Bachelor Of Technology
In Electrical Engineering

SUBMITTED BY: PRATEEK JAIN (B.TECH, VII SEMESTER) FINAL YEAR ELECTRICAL ENGG. DEPTT.

GUIDED BY: Mrs. SUMAN PURI Head of the department Department of Electrical Engg.

TOPICS TO BE COVERED
NTPC, ANTA GAS POWER STATION

PROTECTIVE RELAY

NTPC OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION TO NTPC ANTA

Anta Gas Based Combined Cycle Power Project is not only the first Gas Power Plant of NTPC but is also the beginning of an era of state of art Combined Cycle Power Plants in the country. BRIEF DISCRIPTION
Established in

: Type of station : Location : Total land : Fuel : Fuel source : Water source : Gas Turbine Output : Steam Turbine Output : Net plant Output : Beneficiary States :

1989 Gas based combined cycle Anta in Baran district of Rajasthan 390.75 acres. Natural Gas, Naphtha By GAIL through HBJ Pipe line KOTA RIGHT MAIN CANAL 3 X 88.71 MW 153.20 MW 419.33MW Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, UP, J & K, Union Territory of Chandighar.

COMBINED CYCLE
Combined cycle power plant integrates two power conversion cycles
Bratyon cycle (gas-turbine) and Rankine cycle (steam-turbine)

with the principal objective of increasing overall plant efficiency.

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF COMBINED CYCLE PLANT

UNITS CONFIGURATION
Total Station Capacity 419 MW
GT1A 88.71

GT1B

88.71

ST1C

153.2

Total Capacity =419.33 MW

GT1B

88.71

GAS TURBINE

The Process Includes

Compression : of working medium (air) taken from atmosphere in a compressor. Combustion : Increase of working medium temperature by constant pressure ignition of fuel in combustion chamber. Expansion : of the product of combustion in a turbine.

COMPONENTS OF GAS TURBINE

1.Air Intake System 2. Compressor 3. Combustion Chamber 4. Turbine 5. Generator

ADVANTAGES OF GAS BASED PLANTS

HIGH EFFICIENCY LOW WATER REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLINESS FAST START - UP LOW INSTALATION COST

POWER EVACUATION FROM NTPC ANTA

There are total six 220 kv transmission lines for evacuation of power generated at Anta. two lines for Bhilwara two lines for Jaipur and one line for Kota and one line for Rawatbhata power plant

PROTECTIVE RELAY

WHAT IS RELAY?
A relay is a logical element which process the inputs (mostly voltages and currents) from the system and issues a trip decision if a fault within its jurisdiction is detected.

INTRODUCTION TO PROTECTIVE RELAYING

Protective relaying is one of the several features of the power system design. The protective relaying minimizes the damage to the equipment & interruptions to the service when electrical failure occurs.

ZONES OF PROTECTION

. The significance of protective zone is that any fault

occurring within a given zone will cause the tripping of relays within that zone.

. No part of the system is left unprotected. . The zone which is unprotected is called DEAD SPOT.

WHY DO WE NEED

PROTECTION?
Electrical apparatus operates at various voltage levels and may be enclosed or placed in open. Under abnormal operating conditions protection is necessary for :-

. Safety of electrical equipments. . Safety of human personnel.

CATEGORIZATION OF PROTECTIVE RELAYING

1. Primary Protection 1. Backup Protection

The Primary Protection is the first line of defence & is responsible to protect all the power system elements from all types of faults. The Backup Protection is provided as the main protection can fail due to many reasons like:Contd

CATEGORIZATION OF PROTECTIVE RELAYING

Failure in circuit breaker Failure in protective relay Failure in tripping circuit Failure in d.c. tripping voltage Loss of voltage or current supply to the relay.

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTECTIVE RELAYING

1. Reliability 2. Selectivity & discrimination 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Speed & time Sensitivity Stability Adequateness Simplicity & economy

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTECTIVE RELAY

Electromagnetic Attraction Type Relay
Induction Type Relays Directional Type Relays Relays Based On Timing Distance Type Relays Differential Type Relays Other Types Of Relays

TERMINOLOGIES USED IN PROTECTIVE RELAYING

1. RELAY TIME:- It is the time between the instant of fault

occurrence & the instant of closure of relay contacts. 2. BREAKER TIME:-It is the time between the instant at circuit breaker operates & opens the contacts. 3. PICKUP:-A relay is said to be picked up when it moves from the OFF position to ON position. 4. PICK VALUE:-It is the minimum value of an actuating quantity at which relay starts operating.

TERMINOLOGIES USED IN PROTECTIVE RELAYING

5. TIME DELAY:- The time taken by relay to operate after it has sensed the fault is called time delay of relay. 6. P.S.M :-The ratio of actual fault current in the relay coil to the pickup current is called P.S.M. 7. EARTH FAULT:- The fault involving earth is called earth fault. 8. PHASE FAULT:- The fault which does not involve earth is called phase fault.

REFERENCES

www.wikipedia.com/relays Uday A. Bakshi (PROTECTION OF POWER SYSTEM) Chapter 1- Page 1,3,6,12. www.ntpc.co.in http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/components/relay.htm http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/relay.htm http://electronicsdiy.com/electronic_schematic.php?id=955 http://teledynerelays.com/

THANK YOU

THANK YOU