SAP ARCHITECTURE

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Three Tier Architecture

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Client Server Architecture

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R/3

R/3 is an integrated suite of applications designed to handle the data processing for large corporations.

Developed in Germany by the company named SAP (an acronym for Systems Applications and Products for data processing).

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Advantages

System load is distributed and leads to better system performance The system is highly scalable

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Contents
R/3 Basis System Overview

Logical View Software View User Oriented View Basic Concepts Transactions Dialog Steps Logical Unit of Work (LUW) Database LUW SAP LUW
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Contents
Work Process

Structure of Work Process Screen Processor ABAP Processor

Types of Work Processes Dialog, Update, Background, Enqueue, Spool Database Interface Open SQL Native SQL

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Views of R/3 System

User Oriented View Logical View Software Oriented View

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User Oriented View

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Logical View

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Presentation Components
The presentation components rare responsible for the interaction between the R/3 System and the user, and for desktop integration (such as word processing and spreadsheets).

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Kernel & Basis Services

Running Applications

User and Process administration

Database Access Communication System Monitoring and Administration

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ABAP Workbench

Development Environment Create, edit, test, and organize application developments Fully integrated in the R/3 Basis system

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Software Oriented View

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Presentation Layer
SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface)
Send the users input to the application server and receive data for display

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Application Layer

One or more application servers and a message server

Application server contains a set of services used to run the R/3 System
Message Server routes messages between application servers Application Groups and its load balancing within them

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Structure of Application Server

Work Processes

Component that run an application Link between the work processes and the users logged on to the application server Interface for the R/3 communication with other application servers in the same R/3 System, with other R/3 Systems, with R/2 Systems, or with non-SAP systems

Dispatcher

Gateway

Shared Memory - All of the work processes on the application server use a
common main memory area called shared memory to save context or to buffer constant data locally.

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Dispatching Dialog Steps

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Database Layer

DBMS Database Management System Database

The next tier is the database server where the actual RDBMS lies. This layer holds the system wide database and the central booking process of the SAP R/3 architecture.

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Database Layer
The Database layer is comprised of a central database system, which

contains all the data in the R/3 system. The database system has two
components the database management system (DBMS) and

the database itself. The R/3 support the database system from the
suppliers, such as ADABAS D, DB2/400 (on AS/400), DB2 Common
Server, DB2/MVS, INFORMIX, Microsoft SQL Server, ORACLE, and ORACLE Parallel Server; SAP does not manufacture its own database. The database not only contains the master data and transaction data from your business applications, but also the data for the entire R/3 system is stored here.
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Basic Architectural Concepts

Dialog Steps Transactions Logical Unit of Work ( LUW)

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Dialog Step
The program logic in an application program that occur between two screens

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Dialog Step

Sequence of steps which ends with COMMIT or ROLL BACK

Allows the user to make changes in DB

DB not updated until transaction is completed

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Logical Unit of Work

Database LUW is an inseparable sequence of database operations SAP LUW bundles a set of logically-associated database operations

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Types of Processor

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Screen Processor

User interaction is controlled by screens Executes the screen flow logic via the dispatcher

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ABAP Processor
Executes the processing logic of the application program. Communicates with the database interface.

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Components of Work Process

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Types of Work Process

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Types of Work Process

Dialog Work Process:

Requests from an active user to execute dialog steps.

Background Work Process:

Programs that can be executed without user interaction.

Spool Work Process:

Formats data for Printing.

Enqueue Work Process:

Administers a lock table in the shared memory area.

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Update Work Process:

Execute database update requests.

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Database Interface

Establishing and terminating connections between the work process and the database. Access to R/3 Repository objects (ABAP programs, screens) Controlling transactions (commit and rollback handling)

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Database Interface

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Reference
The learning material contained in this PowerPoint Presentation is prepared with the help of http://help.sap.com/ and sap press book. All rights reserved by SAP AG. Unless otherwise specifically stated, this learning material is intended for the sole purpose of class room session, internal use and for knowledge transfer to the Consultants. However, for detailed information on this learning material, http://help.sap.com / sap press book may be referred.

Kaavian is not liable for any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information disclosed in these learning materials.
No portion of the learning materials shall be modified, reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, whether by electronic, photocopier or otherwise without the written permission of Kaavian. In no event shall Kaavian be liable for any damage whatsoever resulting in any action arising in connection with the use of learning material.
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Discussion

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