Describing the sequence of events in one heart beat

The cardiac cycle

Set Induction
Song on cardiac cycle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVofKd XOa4M

Dinosaurs

KWLH for Cardiac cycle

K - Stands for helping students recall what they KNOW about the subject. W - Stands for helping students determine what they WANT to learn. L - Stands for helping students identify what they LEARN as they read. H - Stands for HOW we can learn more (other sources where additional information on the topic can be found).

Sample KWLH
What We Know Dinosaurs are large. Dinosaurs are dead. They lived a long time ago. There is a movie about dinosaurs What We Want to Find Out How long ago did they live? Why did they die? How do we know what they looked like? Who are the people who study dinosaurs? What We Learned How Can We Learn More An archeologist has an exciting life. Dinosaurs eat plants and some eat meat. Some dinosaurs were gigantic, but had small brains. Fossils uncover dinosaur traits. Research Museums Field Trips Archeological digs Videos Internet computer search

Cardiac cycle - Animation

http://www.interactivephysiology.com/dem o/systems/buildframes.html?cardio/cardcy cl/01 http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conte nt/chp49/49020.html

Definitions
Systole = period of ventricular contraction. Diastole = period of ventricular relaxation. NOTE: Normally diastole is longer than systole.

Cardiac cycle
General Principles. Contraction of the myocardium generates pressure changes which result in the orderly movement of blood. Blood flows from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, unless flow is blocked by a valve. Events on the right and left sides of the heart are the same, but pressures are lower on the right.

Atrial systole
The heart is full of blood and the ventricles are relaxed Both the atria contract and blood passes down to the ventricles The atrio-ventricular valves open due to blood pressure 70% of the blood flows passively down to the ventricles so the atria do not have to contract a great amount.

Ventricular systole
The atria relax. The ventricle walls contract, forcing the blood out The pressure of the blood forces the atrioventricular valves to shut (producing the heart sound lub)

Ventricular systole
The pressure of blood opens the semi-lunar valves. Blood passes into the aorta and pulmonary arteries.

Diastole
The ventricles relax Pressure in the ventricles falls below that in the arteries Blood under high pressure in the arteries causes the semi lunar valves to shut. This produces the second heart sound, dub. During diastole, all the muscle in the heart relaxes.

 Blood from the vena cava and pulmonary veins enter the atria. The whole cycle starts again.

Cardiac Cycle: Pressure Changes in the heart

Set Induction : Recall of cardiac cycle Complete the table below to summarise cardiac cycle.
Phase of cardiac cycle Atrial chambers
Contract/relax Fill /empty From/to

Ventricular chambers
Contract/relax Fill /empty From/to

AV valve
Open/close

SL valves
Open /close

Plenary Cardiac cycle

Match the letter on the graph to the following events
Semi-lunar valves open Atrio-ventricular valves close, Semi-lunar valves close Atrio-ventricular valves open

atrio-ventricular valves open

atrio-ventricular valves close

atrio-ventricular valves open

semi-lunar valves open

atrio-ventricular valves close

atrio-ventricular valves open

semi-lunar valves open semi-lunar valves close

atrio-ventricular valves close

atrio-ventricular valves open

Control of the heart beat and ECG

http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_ place/biocoach/cardio1/electrical.html http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseas es/hhw/hhw_electrical.html

http://www.bostonscientific.com/templated ata/imports/HTML/lifebeatonline/summer2 004/learning.shtml

Aberrant ECG patterns indicate damage

Valves of the Heart

Papillary Muscles The papillary muscles attach to the lower portion of the interior wall of the ventricles.

They connect to the chordae tendineae, which attach to the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle and the mitral valve in the left ventricle. The contraction of the papillary muscles opens these valves. When the papillary muscles relax, the valves close.
Chordae Tendineae The chordae tendineae are tendons linking the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle and the mitral valve in the left ventricle . As the papillary muscles contract and relax, the chordae tendineae transmit the resulting increase and decrease in tension to the respective valves, causing them to open and close. The chordae tendineae are string-like in appearance and are sometimes referred to as "heart strings.

Cardiac Muscle