POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

POLITICAL IDEOLOGY
- A belief system that explains and justifies a preferred economic and governmental order for society, offers strategies for its maintenance or attainment and helps give meaning to public events, personalities and policies.

Ideology
a

collection of ideas. sets of basic beliefs about the political, economic, social and cultural affairs held by the majority of people within as society.

Political ideologies are concerned with:

The

proper function of government The issues of liberty and equality The distribution of goods and services

2 DIMENSIONS OF

POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES :
Goals:

How society should be organized. Methods: The most appropriate way to achieve this goal.

LIBERALISM

LIBERALISM
is a political ideology or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality. An ideology committed to the individual and a society in which the individual can pursue and realize their interests. a term rooted in the Latin word liber which means free; advocates liberty. Liberals support a wide collection of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but generally liberals support ideas such as capitalism, constitutionalism, liberal democracy, free and fair elections, human rights and the free exercise of

LIBERALISM

John Locke (1632-1704) English philosopher who is often called the father of liberalism Locke believed in the natural goodness of man. In his writings he argued in favor of limited government and protection for individual rights. Rejected the popular doctrine of the divine right of kings.

LIBERAL BELIEFS

LIBERALISM EMPHASIZES:
Individualism: The individual takes priority over society. Freedom: Individuals have the right to make choices for themselves. This freedom is not absolute, and some behaviors, such as murder, are prohibited. Freedom of religion is a particularly important freedom to come out of liberalism because so many governments at the time were very closely tied to a particular religious creed. Equality: No person is morally or politically superior to others. Hierarchies are rejected.

LIBERAL BELIEFS

LIBERALISM EMPHASIZES:
Rationalism:

Humans are capable of thinking logically and rationally. Logic and reason help us solve problems. Progress: Traditions should not be kept unless they have value. New ideas are helpful because they can lead to progress in the sciences, the economy, and society. The free market: Liberalism and capitalism go hand in hand. Liberals like the free market because it more easily creates wealth, as opposed to traditional economies, which often have extensive regulations and limits on which occupations people

THE LIBERAL PARTY OF THE PHILIPPINES

(PARTIDO LIBERAL NG PILIPINAS)
November

24, 1945 by a separate from Liberal group from the Nacionalista Party, Is a liberal party in the Philippines, founded by then senators: Senate President Manuel Roxas, Senate President Pro-Tempore Elpidio Quirino, and former 9th Senatorial District Senator Jose Avelino, It is the current ruling party after the election victory of Benigno Aquino III as the President of the Philippines. The Liberals control the House of Representatives, while it is part of a coalition agreement in the Senate. The fundamental liberal principle grants primacy to liberty as a political value

OTHER ORGANIZATIONS THAT COMPRISE THE BROAD LIBERAL MOVEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES
National

Institute of Policy Studies

(NIPS) Alliance of Liberal Youth (ALY) Liberal Caucus of Congressional Staff (LCCS)

OTHER LIBERAL ORGANIZATIONS WORKING WORLDWIDE Liberal International Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD) International Federation of Liberal Youth (IFLRY) Friedrich Naumann Foundation

LIBERALS AND DEMOCRATS IN POWER WORLDWIDE

TYPES OF LIBERALISM
1.

Classical Liberalism is a political ideology that advocates limited government, and individual liberties including freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and free markets.

Minimal government Protection of property rights

2.

Populism demand the redistribution of political power and economic leadership to the 'common people'.
Democratization

of government Economic reforms

3.

Progressivism

Public limits on private corporate power Government programs to ease the problems of industrialization. Worker's compensation, Ban on child labor, Regulation of

TYPES OF LIBERALISM (CONT)

4. Contemporary Liberalism

Positive state Faith in solving problems collectively through government Provide to economic well being of the nation Provide basic material needs to each individual Tolerance of various lifestyles

5. Neoliberalism

Creation, not redistribution of wealth Free trade Reform of entitlement programs Strong but economical defense

 Contemporary
Favor

classical liberals call themselves Libertarians.

strict limits on state action Believe the individual is more important than the state Believe in the maximum amount of freedom as long as no one is injured, exploited, or forced.

WHO ARE THE LIBERALS?

Usually they are found in the Democratic party. Constituencies include:

Minorities
Labor

movement Feminists Poor

CONSERVATISM

CONSERVATISM

is a political and social philosophy that promotes retaining traditional institutions and supports, at most, minimal and gradual change in society. Traditionalist or conservative A person who follows the philosophies of conservatism. holds that established customs, laws, and traditions, should guide society.

Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France The experience of past generations was the most reliable guide to good government Customs, traditions, and laws should not be discarded People were not equal in ability or talent

CONSERVATIVE BELIEFS

CONSERVATISM EMPHASIZES:

Stability: Stability is a precious thing, and change must be made gradually in order to preserve it. Depression stability is very dangerous because societies can easily fall into chaos and violence. Classical liberals frequently called for revolution, which opens the door to great turbulence, according to the classical conservative view. Concreteness: Liberalism is too abstract. It focuses on freedom and equality, not on the concrete/definite way people live every day. Human fallibility: Liberalism overestimates human beings. Humans are frequently ignorant, prejudiced, and irrational. By ignoring these defects, liberalism becomes unrealistic. Unique circumstances: There is no universal answer to the problems of society; the circumstances are unique in each country.

TYPES OF CONSERVATISM
1. Industrial Age conservatism
Laissez faire economics Individualism Social Darwinism

2. Contemporary conservatism

Reduced spending on social programs Revamping tax policies Strong defense Duty of government to promote virtuous citizenry

3. Neoconservatism
Skepticism of government's ability to solve social and economic problems Acceptance of modest welfare state Creation, not redistribution of wealth Assertive foreign policy