Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Dodo
Golden Toad
Aepyornis (Madagascar)
Grizzly bear
Kirklands warbler
Siberian tiger
Giant panda
Black-footed ferret
Blue whale
Black rhinoceros
Fig. 8-3, p. 156
Characteristic
Low reproductive rate Specialized niche Narrow distribution Feeds at high trophic level Fixed migratory patterns Rare
Examples
Blue whale, giant panda, rhinoceros Blue whale, giant panda, Everglades kite Elephant seal, desert pupfish Bengal tiger, bald eagle, grizzly bear Blue whale, whooping crane, sea turtle African violet, some orchids Snow leopard, tiger, elephant, rhinoceros, rare plants and birds California condor, grizzly bear, Florida panther
Fish Amphibians Mammals Reptiles Plants Birds 25% 20% 14% 12%
Value of Species
Instrumental value of biodiversity
Food crops Genetic information Medicine Bioprospectors Ecotourism
Rauvolfia
Pacific yew
Rosy periwinkle
Foxglove Cinchona
Taxus brevifolia, Pacific Northwest Ovarian cancer Cathranthus roseus, Madagascar Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic leukemia
Neem tree
Ethical Obligations
Intrinsic (existence) value Stewardship viewpoint
Direct Causes Habitat loss Habitat degradation and fragmentation Introduction of nonnative species Pollution Climate change Overfishing Commercial hunting and poaching Sale of exotic pets and decorative plants Predator and pest control
Habitat Loss
Deforestation of tropical areas greatest eliminator of species Endemic species Habitat fragmentation
Indian Tiger
Black Rhino
Species Introductions
Most beneficial food crops, livestock, pest control 500,000 alien invader species globally 50,000 nonnative species in the U.S. Some definitely not beneficial
Water hyacinth
Japanese beetle
Hydrilla
Eurasian ruffe
Formosan termite
Zebra mussel
Water hyacinth
Japanese beetle
Hydrilla
Eurasian ruffe
Formosan termite
Zebra mussel
Asian long- Asian tiger Gypsy moth horned beetle mosquito larvae
DDT in fish-eating birds (ospreys) 25 ppm DDT in large fish (needle fish) 2 ppm DDT in small fish (minnows) 0.5 ppm
International Treaties
Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)